CN115361768A - Plasma generator and application thereof - Google Patents
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- CN115361768A CN115361768ACN202211105153.3ACN202211105153ACN115361768ACN 115361768 ACN115361768 ACN 115361768ACN 202211105153 ACN202211105153 ACN 202211105153ACN 115361768 ACN115361768 ACN 115361768A
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Abstract
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及等离子体放电技术领域，具体涉及等离子发生器及其应用。The invention relates to the technical field of plasma discharge, in particular to a plasma generator and its application.
背景技术Background technique
目前，着社会经济的发展，居民对室内空气的要求也越来越高。大规模装修材料和建筑材料的使用，使得室内空气中甲醛、TVOC等污染物的浓度超标，对人们的身体健康产生了影响。目前，室内空气污染的净化方法有通风法、植物净化法、微生物法、物理化学吸附法和等离子法等。At present, with the development of social economy, residents have higher and higher requirements for indoor air. The use of large-scale decoration materials and building materials has caused the concentration of formaldehyde, TVOC and other pollutants in the indoor air to exceed the standard, which has an impact on people's health. At present, the purification methods of indoor air pollution include ventilation method, plant purification method, microbial method, physical and chemical adsorption method and plasma method.
由于低温等离子中存在高能电子、激发态粒子及活性基团等，利用等离子体放电可有效地催化降解有害气体。Due to the presence of high-energy electrons, excited particles, and active groups in low-temperature plasma, the use of plasma discharge can effectively catalyze and degrade harmful gases.
现有技术中的一种等离子发生器，包括石英管，通过紧固件固定在石英管内外侧的金属网层，其通过接触式的电极结构形成空间电场，从而电离生成负离子、正离子、氢氧根离子及羟基离子，但该种等离子发生器的形态被石英管固定，并被金属网层限制，因而作用面积有限，电离作用的局限性较大，杀菌效率低。A plasma generator in the prior art includes a quartz tube, which is fixed on the inner and outer metal mesh layers of the quartz tube by fasteners, which forms a space electric field through a contact electrode structure, thereby ionizing to generate negative ions, positive ions, hydrogen and oxygen Root ions and hydroxyl ions, but the shape of this plasma generator is fixed by the quartz tube and limited by the metal mesh layer, so the area of action is limited, the ionization effect is limited, and the sterilization efficiency is low.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种等离子发生器及其应用。Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a plasma generator and its application.
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：一种等离子发生器，包括线状放电的等离子发生结构，包括相互靠近或紧贴的第一电极和第二电极，所述第一电极和第二电极外均设置为外层包覆设有绝缘层的导线，且第一电极的外层绝缘层和第二电极的外层绝缘层靠近或贴紧，所述第一电极和第二电极连通有高频高压交流电源，且所述第一电极与第二电极端部相断，即第一电极与第二电极内通入高压微电流，以使所述第一电极与第二电极之间形成交变电场，且第一电极与第二电极被设置为以螺旋缠绕的方式布置，以提高等离子体的密度。The above-mentioned technical purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: a kind of plasma generator, comprises the plasma generating structure of linear discharge, comprises the first electrode and the second electrode that are close to or close to each other, and the first electrode and the outside of the second electrode are set as wires covered with an insulating layer on the outer layer, and the outer insulating layer of the first electrode and the outer insulating layer of the second electrode are close to or close to each other, the first electrode and the second electrode The electrodes are connected with a high-frequency high-voltage AC power supply, and the ends of the first electrode and the second electrode are disconnected, that is, a high-voltage microcurrent is passed into the first electrode and the second electrode, so that the first electrode and the second electrode An alternating electric field is formed between them, and the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged in a helical winding manner to increase the density of the plasma.
作为可选的，所述绝缘层采用硅胶材质或聚四氟乙烯。Optionally, the insulating layer is made of silica gel or polytetrafluoroethylene.
作为可选的，所述第一电极和第二电极可选为非金属或金属的导电材料。Optionally, the first electrode and the second electrode may be made of non-metallic or metallic conductive materials.
进一步，所述第一电极和第二电极相互平行的靠近或紧贴，或，所述第一电极和第二电极相互缠绕的靠近或紧贴。Further, the first electrode and the second electrode are close to or close to each other in parallel, or the first electrode and the second electrode are wound close to or close to each other.
进一步，所述高频高压交流电源的电压频率大于15K赫兹。Further, the voltage frequency of the high-frequency high-voltage AC power supply is greater than 15K Hz.
作为优选的，等离子发生器还包括一支架，所述第一电极与第二电极分别缠绕于支架上，或，所述第一电极与第二电极以相互靠近或紧贴的姿态缠绕于支架上，或，所述第一电极与第二电极保持相互缠绕的姿态缠绕于支架上。Preferably, the plasma generator further includes a bracket, the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively wound on the bracket, or the first electrode and the second electrode are wound on the bracket in a posture of being close to or close to each other , or, the first electrode and the second electrode are wound on the stent in a state of being intertwined with each other.
进一步，所述支架呈环状、管状、网状或棒状中的任一种。Further, the stent is in any one of ring shape, tube shape, mesh shape or rod shape.
进一步，所述支架上设有用于供空气通过的通道。Further, the bracket is provided with a channel for air to pass through.
进一步，所述支架上设有用于供第一电极和第二电极嵌入的定位槽，所述定位槽关于螺旋缠绕方向间隔设置。Further, the bracket is provided with positioning grooves for embedding the first electrode and the second electrode, and the positioning grooves are arranged at intervals with respect to the helical winding direction.
一种等离子发生器的应用，所述等离子发生器用于出风设备，所述第一电极和第二电极缠绕于出风设备的出风口。An application of a plasma generator, the plasma generator is used in an air outlet device, and the first electrode and the second electrode are wound around an air outlet of the air outlet device.
一种等离子发生器的应用，所述等离子发生器用于过滤设备，所述过滤设备至少包括一滤网层，所述第一电极和第二电极缠绕于滤网层。An application of a plasma generator, the plasma generator is used in a filter device, the filter device at least includes a filter layer, and the first electrode and the second electrode are wound around the filter layer.
一种等离子发生器的应用，所述等离子发生器用于排风设备，所述排风设备至少包括一排风管道，所述第一电极和第二电极以相互紧贴的姿态螺旋环绕在排风管道的内壁。An application of a plasma generator, the plasma generator is used in exhaust equipment, the exhaust equipment at least includes an exhaust duct, the first electrode and the second electrode are spirally wound around the exhaust air duct in a posture of being close to each other the inner wall of the pipe.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点和有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1、通过将带绝缘层的第一电极和第二电极紧贴靠近，且第一电极和第二电极接通交流高压高频电源，使得第一电极与第二电极之间产生电场，当气流进入到第一电极与第二电极之间时，空气中原子的外层电子脱离形成带极性的自由电子，而失去电子的原子呈正电极性，而空气中水分子和空气中氧分子受高压裂解，进而形成氢氧根离子、羟基离子以及带负电荷的空气团和带正电荷的空气团；1. By putting the first electrode and the second electrode with an insulating layer close together, and connecting the first electrode and the second electrode to an AC high-voltage high-frequency power supply, an electric field is generated between the first electrode and the second electrode, and when the airflow When entering between the first electrode and the second electrode, the outer electrons of the atoms in the air are detached to form free electrons with polarity, and the atoms that lose electrons are positively polarized, while the water molecules in the air and the oxygen molecules in the air are subjected to high pressure. Cleavage to form hydroxide ions, hydroxyl ions, and negatively and positively charged air masses;
另外的，电子在电场作用下获得加速的动能，并与气体分子碰撞，使气体电离，并与二次电子发生有机制结合，产生气体击穿放电，形成等离子体，等离子体活性成分与微生物大分子发生化学反应，以分解甲醛等有害物质；In addition, electrons gain accelerated kinetic energy under the action of an electric field, collide with gas molecules, ionize the gas, and combine with secondary electrons to generate gas breakdown discharge and form plasma. The active components of the plasma interact with microorganisms Molecules react chemically to break down harmful substances such as formaldehyde;
同时，空气中携带的杂质在电场内带电，在电场电子轰击或离子电荷迁移作用下带上电荷，杂质由于库仑力的作用，凝并成大颗粒沉降或被吸附于室内的裸露表面，一定程度上降低了空气中颗粒物浓度。At the same time, the impurities carried in the air are charged in the electric field, and are charged under the action of electron bombardment or ion charge migration in the electric field. Due to the effect of Coulomb force, the impurities will condense into large particles and settle or be adsorbed on the exposed surface of the room to a certain extent. reduce the concentration of particulate matter in the air.
2、通过该种等离子发生结构，可适应于不同形状的支架结构，根据实际需求排布作用面积，从而在相同体积下，增加放电面积和延伸长度，进而提高离子浓度，保证杀菌净化效率和离子对复杂条件的抗干扰能力；2. Through this kind of plasma generation structure, it can be adapted to different shapes of support structures, and the active area can be arranged according to actual needs, so that under the same volume, the discharge area and extension length can be increased, thereby increasing the ion concentration, ensuring sterilization and purification efficiency and ion concentration. Anti-interference ability to complex conditions;
3、第一电极和第二电极通过缠绕的方式排布，有效提高每一位置的等离子体的密度，提高杀菌效率，并且，该种排布方式有效增加第一电极和第二电极的长度，相对增加了电容和负载，进一步提高等离子体的生成效率。3. The first electrode and the second electrode are arranged in a winding manner, which effectively increases the density of the plasma at each position and improves the sterilization efficiency, and this arrangement effectively increases the length of the first electrode and the second electrode, The capacitance and load are relatively increased, and the plasma generation efficiency is further improved.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的第一电极和第二电极平行排布的示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that first electrode and second electrode of the present invention are arranged in parallel;
图2为本发明的第一电极和第二电极相互缠绕的示意图；Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the first electrode and the second electrode of the present invention are intertwined;
图3为本发明的第一电极和第二电极在支架上的一种排布方式的示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of the first electrode and the second electrode on the support according to the present invention;
图4为本发明的第一电极和第二电极在支架上的另一种排布方式的示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of another arrangement of the first electrode and the second electrode on the support according to the present invention;
图5为本发明的第一电极和第二电极在管状支架内的一种排布方式的示意图；5 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of the first electrode and the second electrode in the tubular stent of the present invention;
图6为本发明的第一电极和第二电极在棒状支架上的一种排布方式的示意图；6 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of the first electrode and the second electrode on the rod-shaped support of the present invention;
图7为本发明的出风设备的示意图；Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the air outlet device of the present invention;
图8为本发明的过滤设备的示意图；Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of filter equipment of the present invention;
图中：1、第一电极；2、第二电极；3、绝缘层；4、支架；4.1、通道；4.2、定位槽；In the figure: 1. First electrode; 2. Second electrode; 3. Insulation layer; 4. Support; 4.1. Channel; 4.2. Positioning groove;
5、出风口；6、滤网层；7、排风管道；5. Air outlet; 6. Filter layer; 7. Exhaust duct;
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
应当理解尽管在本文中出现了术语上、中、下、顶端、一端等以描述各种元件，但这些元件不被这些术语限制。这些术语仅用于将元件彼此区分开以便于理解，而不是用于定义任何方向或顺序上的限制。It will be understood that although the terms upper, middle, lower, top, end, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish elements from each other for ease of understanding, and are not used to define any directional or sequence limitation.
如图1-6所示，一种线状放电的等离子发生结构，包括相互靠近或紧贴的第一电极1和第二电极2，所述第一电极1和第二电极2外均设置为外层包覆设有绝缘层3的导线，且第一电极1的外层绝缘层和第二电极2的外层绝缘层靠近或贴紧，所述第一电极1和第二电极2连通有高频高压交流电源，第一电极1和第二电极2从高频高压交流电源接出，且所述第一电极1与第二电极2端部相断，以使所述第一电极1与第二电极2之间形成交变电场，当气流进入到第一电极与第二电极之间时，空气中原子的外层电子脱离形成带极性的自由电子，从而电离空气形成等离子体，如负离子、正离子、氢氧根离子及羟基离子等带电粒子，起到对空气杀菌净化的效果。As shown in Figures 1-6, a plasma generating structure for linear discharge includes a
作为可选的，所述第一电极和第二电极可选为非金属或金属的导电材料。Optionally, the first electrode and the second electrode may be made of non-metallic or metallic conductive materials.
等离子体的杀菌作用可通过静电力作用使细菌细胞壁破裂，也可通过化学反应使胞膜通透性增加，导致内容物漏出；等离子体在杀菌过程中是多种作用同时并行的，但主要反应是等离子体活性成分与微生物生命大分子发生的化学反应，包括对脂质的过氧化作用，对蛋白质的修饰作用和对DNA的损伤作用，等离子体按由外及内的先后顺序依次与细胞各成分发生反应；等离子体的所有活性杀菌成分中，起主要作用的是负离子、正离子、氢氧根离子及羟基离子等带电粒子。The sterilizing effect of plasma can break the bacterial cell wall through electrostatic force, and can also increase the permeability of cell membrane through chemical reaction, resulting in the leakage of contents; plasma has multiple functions in parallel in the sterilization process, but the main reaction It is the chemical reaction between the active components of the plasma and the macromolecules of microbial life, including the peroxidation of lipids, the modification of proteins and the damage of DNA. Components react; among all active bactericidal components of plasma, charged particles such as negative ions, positive ions, hydroxide ions and hydroxyl ions play a major role.
如图1所示，作为等离子发生结构的一种排布方式，所述第一电极1和第二电极2以相互平行的姿态靠近或紧贴，优选为相互紧贴，并以螺旋缠绕的方式布置。As shown in Figure 1, as an arrangement of the plasma generating structure, the
如图2所示，作为等离子发生结构的另一种排布方式，所述第一电极1和第二电极2相互缠绕的靠近或紧贴，即第一电极1与第二电极2保持以相互缠绕的姿态，并以螺旋缠绕的方式布置。As shown in Figure 2, as another arrangement of the plasma generating structure, the
具体的，所述高频高压交流电源的电压频率大于15K赫兹，优选为21K赫兹。Specifically, the voltage frequency of the high-frequency high-voltage AC power supply is greater than 15K Hz, preferably 21K Hz.
具体的，所述高频高压交流电源的电压可选为2000～8000V，优选为2500～4000V。Specifically, the voltage of the high-frequency high-voltage AC power supply may be 2000-8000V, preferably 2500-4000V.
还提供一种等离子发生器，包括实施例一的线状放电的等离子发生器结构，等离子发生器还包括一支架4，所述第一电极1和第二电极2螺旋缠绕在支架4上，所述支架4上设有用于供空气通过的通道4.1，使得第一电极1和第二电极2均布在通道4.1内或外周，该通道4.1用于供空气输出或输入，以使空气与等离子体，如负离子、正离子、氢氧根离子及羟基离子等充分接触，以起到杀菌净化的作用。There is also provided a plasma generator, which includes the plasma generator structure of linear discharge in
作为第一电极1和第二电极2在支架4上的一种排布方式，所述第一电极1与第二电极2分别缠绕于支架4上，即，将第一电极1缠绕于支架4后，再将第二电极2缠绕于支架4上，作为可选的，第二电极2可压设于第二电极2上。As an arrangement of the
如图4所示，作为第一电极1和第二电极2在支架4上的一种排布方式，所述第一电极1与第二电极2以相互缠绕的姿态螺旋缠绕于支架4上。As shown in FIG. 4 , as an arrangement of the
如图3所示，作为第一电极1和第二电极2在支架4上的一种排布方式，所述第一电极1与第二电极2以相互靠近或紧贴的姿态缠绕于支架4上，即，第一电极1与第二电极2以保持相互平行的姿态螺旋缠绕于支架4上。As shown in Figure 3, as an arrangement of the
具体的，所述支架4上设有用于供第一电极1和第二电极2嵌入的定位槽4.2，所述定位槽4.2关于螺旋缠绕方向间隔设置，当第一电极1与第二电极2以相互并行的姿态缠绕于支架4上时，定位槽4.2为第一电极1和第二电极2提供更为稳定的安装位置，保证等离子发生结构整体的稳定性和电场均匀性，同时，还可根据实际使用需要，调整第一电极1与第二电极2之间的螺旋间距。Specifically, the
具体的，所述支架4呈环状、管状、网状或棒状中的任一种，其中，当支架4选为环状时，等离子发生结构缠绕于环状支架4上，当支架4选为管状时，等离子发生结构缠绕于管状支架4的内壁或外壁上，当支架4选为棒状时，等离子发生结构缠绕于棒状支架4上。Specifically, the
通过以上改进，使得等离子发生结构可根据实际使用，在支架4内部布置过风通道4.1，或是将支架4置入在过风通道4.1内。Through the above improvements, the plasma generating structure can arrange the air passage 4.1 inside the
如图7所示，作为等离子发生器的一种应用，所述等离子发生器用于出风设备，该出风设备可为风扇、车载空调等，所述第一电极1和第二电极2缠绕于出风设备的出风口5，从而净化输出的空气，作为优选的，第一电极1和第二电机2以上述的任一姿态缠绕于出风面，进一步，其在出风面上螺旋盘绕设置。As shown in Figure 7, as an application of a plasma generator, the plasma generator is used for air outlet equipment, which can be a fan, a vehicle air conditioner, etc., and the
另外的，车载空调的出风口也可采用图8所示的结构，风栅结构也不仅限于横纵设置。In addition, the air outlet of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner can also adopt the structure shown in FIG. 8 , and the air grid structure is not limited to horizontal and vertical arrangement.
如图8所示，作为等离子发生器的一种应用，所述等离子发生器用于过滤设备，所述过滤设备至少包括一滤网层6，所述第一电极1和第二电极2缠绕于滤网层6，第一电极1与第二电极2在滤网层6处生成等离子体，如负离子、正离子、氢氧根离子及羟基离子等，从而对滤后空气或液体进行杀菌净化，作为优选的，滤网层上形成有横纵设置的风栅结构，第一电极1和第二电极2以上述的任一姿态缠绕于任一风栅上。As shown in Figure 8, as an application of a plasma generator, the plasma generator is used in a filter device, and the filter device at least includes a
如图5所示，作为等离子发生器的一种应用，所述等离子发生器用于排风设备，所述排风设备至少包括一排风管道7，所述第一电极1和第二电极2以相互紧贴的姿态螺旋环绕在排风管道7的内壁，第一电极1与第二电极2在排风管道7内形成等离子体，如负离子、正离子、氢氧根离子及羟基离子等，从而对排出气流进行杀菌净化。As shown in Figure 5, as an application of the plasma generator, the plasma generator is used for exhaust equipment, the exhaust equipment at least includes an exhaust duct 7, the
需要指出的是，等离子发生器的支架不仅局限于图6至图8所示，也可在不同场景中，将上述的支架结构替换，以满足使用需要。It should be pointed out that the brackets of the plasma generator are not limited to those shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 , and the above bracket structures can also be replaced in different scenarios to meet the needs of use.
在上述实施例中，所述第一电极1与第二电极2均为接通在高频高压交流电源上的导线。In the above embodiment, the
本具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释，其并不是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。This specific embodiment is only an explanation of the present invention, and it is not a limitation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without creative contribution as required after reading this specification, but as long as they are within the rights of the present invention All claims are protected by patent law.
Claims (10)
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