CN115356699A - A kind of RCS simulation device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明实施例涉及一种RCS模拟装置及方法。其中，装置包括龙伯球，用于聚焦入射到其表面的电磁波；阻抗层，包括基底层、设置于基底层上的二极管和若干个媒质；基底层设置于龙伯球上远离电磁波入射方向的一端，龙伯球聚焦的电磁波可以透过基底层到达媒质；二极管与每个媒质连接，每个媒质均包括第一状态和第二状态，当媒质处于第一状态时，入射到其表面的电磁波被反射，生成雷达回波；当媒质处于第二状态时，入射到其表面的电磁波透过媒质；控制单元，与二极管连接，控制单元通过控制二极管，使位于待模拟角域范围内的媒质处于第一状态，位于待模拟角域范围外的媒质处于第二状态，以获得待模拟角域的RCS。该装置能够获得入射波在任意角域的RCS。

Embodiments of the present invention relate to an RCS simulation device and method. Wherein, the device comprises Lumber spheres, which are used to focus electromagnetic waves incident on its surface; the impedance layer includes a base layer, diodes arranged on the base layer and several media; At one end, the electromagnetic waves focused by the Lumber sphere can reach the medium through the base layer; the diode is connected to each medium, and each medium includes a first state and a second state. When the medium is in the first state, the electromagnetic wave incident on its surface is reflected to generate radar echoes; when the medium is in the second state, the electromagnetic waves incident on its surface pass through the medium; the control unit is connected to the diode, and the control unit controls the diode to make the medium within the angular range to be simulated be in the In the first state, the medium located outside the range of the angular domain to be simulated is in the second state, so as to obtain the RCS of the angular domain to be simulated. The device can obtain the RCS of the incident wave in any angle domain.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种RCS模拟装置及方法A kind of RCS simulation device and method

技术领域technical field

本发明实施例涉及雷达技术领域，特别涉及一种RCS模拟装置及方法。Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of radar technology, and in particular to an RCS simulation device and method.

背景技术Background technique

龙伯球在雷达领域也称之为龙伯透镜反射器，是一种具有复杂内部结构的雷达回波反射器，龙伯球以其体积小、重量轻、回波增益大、反射功率高、角度响应宽、使用维护简便等优点而颇受诸多工程技术人员的青睐，已成熟应用于测量、识别、靶标、导航、电子对抗等多个方面。Lunbo ball is also called Lunbo lens reflector in the field of radar. It is a kind of radar echo reflector with complex internal structure. It is favored by many engineers and technicians due to its advantages of wide angle response and easy operation and maintenance. It has been maturely used in measurement, identification, target, navigation, electronic countermeasures and other aspects.

现有技术中，龙伯球的反射面大小固定，因此，当电磁波入射到龙伯球上时，电磁波只能在固定角域产生响应并获得入射波在固定角域的RCS(雷达散射截面Radar Crosssection)，而无法获得入射波在任意角域的RCS。In the prior art, the size of the reflective surface of the Lunberian sphere is fixed. Therefore, when the electromagnetic wave is incident on the Lunberian sphere, the electromagnetic wave can only generate a response in the fixed angle domain and obtain the RCS (Radar Cross Section Radar) of the incident wave in the fixed angle domain. Crosssection), but the RCS of the incident wave in any angle domain cannot be obtained.

因此，目前亟待需要一种RCS模拟装置及方法来解决上述技术问题。Therefore, there is an urgent need for an RCS simulation device and method to solve the above technical problems.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明实施例提供了一种RCS模拟装置及方法，能够获得入射波在任意角域的RCS。Embodiments of the present invention provide an RCS simulation device and method, capable of obtaining RCS of an incident wave in any angle domain.

第一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种RCS模拟装置，包括：In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an RCS simulation device, including:

龙伯球，用于聚焦入射到其表面的电磁波；Luneberg spheres for focusing electromagnetic waves incident on their surface;

阻抗层，包括基底层、设置于所述基底层上的二极管和若干个媒质；所述基底层设置于所述龙伯球上远离所述电磁波入射方向的一端，所述龙伯球聚焦的电磁波可以透过所述基底层到达所述媒质；所述二极管与每个所述媒质连接，每个所述媒质均包括第一状态和第二状态，当所述媒质处于第一状态时，入射到其表面的电磁波被反射，生成雷达回波；当所述媒质处于第二状态时，入射到其表面的电磁波透过所述媒质；The impedance layer includes a base layer, a diode disposed on the base layer, and several media; the base layer is disposed on the Lumper sphere at an end away from the incident direction of the electromagnetic wave, and the electromagnetic wave focused by the Lunberg sphere the medium is accessible through the base layer; the diode is connected to each of the mediums, each of the mediums includes a first state and a second state, and when the medium is in the first state, incident The electromagnetic wave on its surface is reflected to generate a radar echo; when the medium is in the second state, the electromagnetic wave incident on its surface passes through the medium;

控制单元，与所述二极管连接，所述控制单元通过控制所述二极管，使位于待模拟角域范围内的媒质处于第一状态，位于所述待模拟角域范围外的媒质处于第二状态，以获得所述待模拟角域的RCS。a control unit connected to the diode, the control unit controls the diode so that the medium within the angular range to be simulated is in the first state, and the medium outside the angular range to be simulated is in the second state, To obtain the RCS of the angular domain to be simulated.

在一种可能的设计中，还包括壳体，所述龙伯球和所述阻抗层设置于所述壳体内，所述壳体用于保护所述龙伯球和所述阻抗层。In a possible design, it further includes a casing, the Lumber ball and the impedance layer are arranged in the casing, and the casing is used to protect the Lumber ball and the impedance layer.

在一种可能的设计中，所述龙伯球包括由内向外依次设置的核心层和多个球壳层；In a possible design, the Lumber sphere includes a core layer and a plurality of spherical shell layers sequentially arranged from the inside to the outside;

所述核心层由两个半球体组成，每个所述球壳层由两个半球壳组成；The core layer is composed of two hemispheres, and each of the spherical shell layers is composed of two hemispherical shells;

所述核心层与第一球壳层之间的层间间隙，以及相邻球壳层之间的层间间隙均不大于0.5mm。Neither the interlayer gap between the core layer and the first spherical shell layer nor the interlayer gap between adjacent spherical shell layers is greater than 0.5 mm.

在一种可能的设计中，所述龙伯球的最外层球壳层的半径为35～200mm。In a possible design, the radius of the outermost spherical shell of the Luneberg sphere is 35-200 mm.

在一种可能的设计中，所述基底层至少包括依次设置的第一层和第二层，所述第一层设置于所述龙伯球上远离所述电磁波入射的一端，所述龙伯球聚焦的电磁波可以透过所述第一层和所述第二层到达所述媒质；In a possible design, the base layer includes at least a first layer and a second layer arranged in sequence, the first layer is arranged on the end of the Lunberg sphere away from the incident electromagnetic wave, and the Lunberg sphere spherically focused electromagnetic waves can pass through said first layer and said second layer to reach said medium;

所述二极管和若干个所述媒质设置于所述第二层上。The diode and a plurality of the media are arranged on the second layer.

在一种可能的设计中，所述基底层为球冠形；In a possible design, the base layer is spherical;

所述基底层的表面积S和高度h是通过如下公式计算得到的：The surface area S and height h of the base layer are calculated by the following formula:

S＝2πRhS=2πRh

h＝(1-cos0.5θ)*Rh＝(1-cos0.5θ)*R

式中，R为所述龙伯球的最外层球壳层的半径，θ为最大模拟角域。In the formula, R is the radius of the outermost spherical shell of the Luneberg sphere, and θ is the maximum simulation angle domain.

在一种可能的设计中，所述壳体的材质包括环氧树脂、无碱纤维玻璃布、聚酰胺树脂和四乙烯五胺。In a possible design, the material of the housing includes epoxy resin, non-alkali fiber glass cloth, polyamide resin and tetraethylenepentamine.

在一种可能的设计中，所述壳体的厚度为0.5～1.0mm，所述壳体的介电常数为1.0～1.1C²/(N·M²)。In a possible design, the thickness of the shell is 0.5-1.0 mm, and the dielectric constant of the shell is 1.0-1.1C² /(N·M² ).

在一种可能的设计中，所述控制单元为可编程门阵列FPGA。In a possible design, the control unit is a programmable gate array FPGA.

第二方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种RCS模拟方法，应用于上述任一种设计中的装置，所述方法包括：In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also provides an RCS simulation method, which is applied to the device in any of the above designs, and the method includes:

确定待模拟角域；Determine the angle domain to be simulated;

根据所述待模拟角域，利用所述控制单元编写相应的指令，并将该指令发送至所述二极管；According to the angle domain to be simulated, use the control unit to write a corresponding instruction, and send the instruction to the diode;

所述二极管根据所述指令将所述待模拟角域范围内的媒质置于第一状态，将所述待模拟角域范围外的媒质置于第二状态；The diode puts the medium within the angular range to be simulated into a first state according to the instruction, and puts the medium outside the angular range to be simulated into a second state;

向所述龙伯球发射电磁波，获得所述待模拟角域的RCS。Electromagnetic waves are emitted to the Luneberg sphere to obtain the RCS of the angular domain to be simulated.

本申请提供了一种RCS模拟装置，包括龙伯球、阻抗层和控制单元，其中，阻抗层包括基底层、设置于基底层上的二极管和若干个媒质。在该装置中，由于每个媒质均包括第一状态和第二状态，且当媒质处于第一状态时，入射到其表面的电磁波无法穿过该媒质，该媒质相当于金属反射面，入射到其表面的电磁波被反射回去，生成雷达回波，即该媒质处于带阻状态；而当媒质处于第二状态时，入射到其表面的电磁波可以透过该媒质，即该媒质处于带通状态。基于上述原理，当待模拟角域确定之后，利用控制单元编写与待模拟角域相应的指令，该指令发送至二极管后，二极管根据该指令将位于待模拟角域内的媒质置于第一状态，将位于待模拟角域外的媒质置于第二状态。通过上述操作，当雷达向龙伯球发射电磁波后，入射到该待模拟角域的电磁波被反射回来，生成雷达回波，而入到到该待模拟角域外的电磁波被透射出去，不生成雷达回波，从而获得入射波在该待模拟角域的RCS。由此可见，只要根据需要调整相应媒质的状态，就能获得任意角域的RCS。The present application provides an RCS simulation device, which includes Lumber spheres, an impedance layer and a control unit, wherein the impedance layer includes a base layer, diodes arranged on the base layer, and several media. In this device, since each medium includes a first state and a second state, and when the medium is in the first state, the electromagnetic wave incident on its surface cannot pass through the medium, the medium is equivalent to a metal reflective surface, incident on the The electromagnetic waves on its surface are reflected back to generate radar echoes, that is, the medium is in a band-stop state; and when the medium is in the second state, the electromagnetic waves incident on its surface can pass through the medium, that is, the medium is in a band-pass state. Based on the above principle, after the angle to be simulated is determined, the control unit is used to write an instruction corresponding to the angle to be simulated, and after the instruction is sent to the diode, the diode puts the medium in the angle to be simulated into the first state according to the instruction, Media located outside the angular domain to be simulated is placed in the second state. Through the above operations, when the radar emits electromagnetic waves to the Lumber sphere, the electromagnetic waves incident on the angular domain to be simulated are reflected back to generate radar echoes, while the electromagnetic waves incident on the angular domain to be simulated are transmitted out and no radar is generated. echo, so as to obtain the RCS of the incident wave in the angular domain to be simulated. It can be seen that as long as the state of the corresponding medium is adjusted according to the needs, the RCS of any angle domain can be obtained.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are For some embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

图1是本发明一实施例提供的RCS模拟装置的立体结构示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an RCS simulation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图2是本发明一实施例提供的龙伯球的剖面示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a Lumber ball provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图3是本发明一实施例提供的阻抗层的结构示意图；FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an impedance layer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图4是本发明一实施例提供的阻抗层的工作原理示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the impedance layer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图5是本发明一实施例提供的RCS曲线图；FIG. 5 is an RCS curve diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图6是本发明一实施例提供的阻抗层与控制单元的连接关系示意图；6 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the impedance layer and the control unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

图7是本发明一实施例提供的RCS模拟方法的流程示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic flowchart of an RCS simulation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

附图标记：Reference signs:

1-龙伯球；1 - Lumber Ball;

11-核心层；11-core layer;

12-球壳层；12 - spherical shell;

2-阻抗层；2- Impedance layer;

21-基底层；21 - basal layer;

22-二极管；22 - diode;

23-媒质；23 - Medium;

3-控制单元；3 - control unit;

4-壳体。4 - Housing.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例，基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work belong to the protection of the present invention. scope.

如上所述，现有的龙伯球只能获得固定角域的RCS，这是因为当平面波入射到透镜上时,入射波被透镜聚焦到与此平面波垂直的直径的另一端，经金属反射面反射后沿原路返回，而由于反射面大小不可改变，导致龙伯球只能在固定角域产生响应，因此无法满足在任意角域响应的需求。As mentioned above, the existing Lunberg sphere can only obtain the RCS in the fixed angle domain, this is because when the plane wave is incident on the lens, the incident wave is focused by the lens to the other end of the diameter perpendicular to the plane wave, and passes through the metal reflective surface After reflection, return along the original path, and because the size of the reflecting surface cannot be changed, the Lumber sphere can only respond in a fixed angle domain, so it cannot meet the requirement of responding in an arbitrary angle domain.

针对这一问题，发明人提出可以在龙伯球远离电磁波入射方向的一面设置电阻层，通过该电阻层调节反射角域，使某些角域允许电磁波透过，而某些角域不允许电磁波透过，从而反射生成雷达回波，如此可以获得任意角域的RCS。In response to this problem, the inventor proposed that a resistance layer can be set on the side of the Lumber sphere away from the incident direction of electromagnetic waves, and the reflection angle domain can be adjusted through the resistance layer, so that some angle domains allow electromagnetic waves to pass through, while some angle domains do not allow electromagnetic waves The radar echo is generated by reflection, so that the RCS of any angle domain can be obtained.

如图1所示，本发明实施例提供了一种RCS模拟装置，该装置包括：As shown in Figure 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an RCS simulation device, which includes:

龙伯球1，用于聚焦入射到其表面的电磁波；Lumber sphere 1 for focusing electromagnetic waves incident on its surface;

阻抗层2，包括基底层21、设置于基底层21上的二极管22和若干个媒质23；基底层21设置于龙伯球1上远离电磁波入射方向的一端，龙伯球1聚焦的电磁波可以透过基底层21到达媒质23；二极管22与每个媒质23连接，每个媒质23均包括第一状态和第二状态，当媒质23处于第一状态时，入射到其表面的电磁波被反射，生成雷达回波；当媒质23处于第二状态时，入射到其表面的电磁波透过媒质23；Theimpedance layer 2 includes abase layer 21, a diode 22 disposed on thebase layer 21, andseveral media 23; thebase layer 21 is disposed on theLumper sphere 1 at an end away from the incident direction of the electromagnetic wave, and the focused electromagnetic wave of theLuneberg sphere 1 can pass through Reach medium 23 throughbase layer 21; Diode 22 is connected with each medium 23, and each medium 23 all comprises first state and second state, when medium 23 is in first state, the electromagnetic wave incident on its surface is reflected, generates Radar echo; when the medium 23 is in the second state, the electromagnetic wave incident on its surface passes through the medium 23;

控制单元3，与二极管22连接，控制单元3通过控制二极管22，使位于待模拟角域范围内的媒质23处于第一状态，位于待模拟角域范围外的媒质23处于第二状态，以获得待模拟角域的RCS。Thecontrol unit 3 is connected to the diode 22. Thecontrol unit 3 controls the diode 22 to make the medium 23 within the angular range to be simulated be in the first state, and the medium 23 outside the angular range to be simulated to be in the second state to obtain RCS of the angular domain to be simulated.

该实施例提供了一种RCS模拟装置，在该装置中，由于每个媒质23均包括第一状态和第二状态，且当媒质23处于第一状态时，入射到其表面的电磁波无法穿过该媒质23，该媒质23相当于金属反射面，入射到其表面的电磁波被反射回去，生成雷达回波，即该媒质23处于带阻状态；而当媒质23处于第二状态时，入射到其表面的电磁波可以透过该媒质23，即该媒质23处于带通状态。基于上述原理，当待模拟角域确定之后，利用控制单元3编写与待模拟角域相应的指令，该指令发送至二极管22后，二极管22根据该指令将位于待模拟角域内的媒质23置于第一状态，将位于待模拟角域外的媒质23置于第二状态。通过上述操作，当雷达向龙伯球1发射电磁波后，入射到该待模拟角域的电磁波被反射回来，生成雷达回波，而入到到该待模拟角域外的电磁波被透射出去，不生成雷达回波，从而获得入射波在该待模拟角域的RCS。由此可见，只要根据需要调整相应媒质23的状态，就能获得任意角域的RCS。This embodiment provides a kind of RCS simulation device, in this device, because each medium 23 all comprises first state and second state, and when medium 23 is in first state, the electromagnetic wave incident on its surface cannot pass through The medium 23, the medium 23 is equivalent to a metal reflective surface, the electromagnetic waves incident on its surface are reflected back to generate radar echoes, that is, the medium 23 is in a band-stop state; Electromagnetic waves on the surface can pass through the medium 23 , that is, the medium 23 is in a band-pass state. Based on the above-mentioned principle, after the angle area to be simulated is determined, thecontrol unit 3 is used to write an instruction corresponding to the angle area to be simulated. In the first state, the medium 23 located outside the angular region to be simulated is placed in the second state. Through the above operations, when the radar emits electromagnetic waves to theLumber sphere 1, the electromagnetic waves incident on the angular domain to be simulated are reflected back to generate radar echoes, while the electromagnetic waves incident on the angular domain to be simulated are transmitted out without generating Radar echo, so as to obtain the RCS of the incident wave in the angular domain to be simulated. It can be seen that as long as the state of thecorresponding medium 23 is adjusted as required, RCS in any angular range can be obtained.

需要说明的是，为了实现更好的效果，在该实施例中每一个媒质23的大小和形状均相同，且所有媒质23均匀地排布在基底层21上。另外，媒质23的材料均为超导材料，基底层21的材料为低介电常数的材料。It should be noted that, in order to achieve a better effect, in this embodiment, the size and shape of each medium 23 are the same, and all themediums 23 are evenly arranged on thebase layer 21 . In addition, the materials of the medium 23 are all superconducting materials, and the materials of thebase layer 21 are materials with a low dielectric constant.

在一些实施方式中，还包括壳体4，龙伯球1和阻抗层2设置于壳体4内，壳体4用于保护龙伯球1和阻抗层2。In some embodiments, acasing 4 is also included, theLumper 1 and theimpedance layer 2 are disposed inside thecasing 4 , and thecasing 4 is used to protect theLumber 1 and theimpedance layer 2 .

在该实施例中，通过设置壳体4，可以使该模拟装置在使用、运输以及贮存过程中具备一定的机械强度而不容易遭到损坏。因此，壳体4的材质应选用具有一定机械强度的材料。此外，壳体4的设置应尽量减少对电磁波的传输损耗，即壳体4的材质应具备良好的透波性能。In this embodiment, by providing thecasing 4, the simulation device can have a certain mechanical strength during use, transportation and storage and is not easily damaged. Therefore, the material of thehousing 4 should be selected with a certain mechanical strength. In addition, thehousing 4 should be arranged to minimize the transmission loss of electromagnetic waves, that is, the material of thehousing 4 should have good wave-transmitting properties.

基于上述原因，在一些实施方式中，壳体4的材质包括环氧树脂、无碱纤维玻璃布、聚酰胺树脂和四乙烯五胺。在另一些实施方式中，壳体4的厚度为0.5～1.0mm，壳体4的介电常数为1.0～1.1C²/(N·M²)。如此，在保证机械强度的同时，能够减少对电磁波的损耗。Based on the above reasons, in some embodiments, the material of thehousing 4 includes epoxy resin, non-alkali fiber glass cloth, polyamide resin and tetraethylenepentamine. In other embodiments, the thickness of theshell 4 is 0.5-1.0 mm, and the dielectric constant of theshell 4 is 1.0-1.1C² /(N·M² ). In this way, while ensuring the mechanical strength, the loss of electromagnetic waves can be reduced.

如图2所示，在一些实施方式中，龙伯球1包括由内向外依次设置的核心层11和多个球壳层12；As shown in FIG. 2 , in some embodiments,Lumber ball 1 includes acore layer 11 and a plurality of spherical shell layers 12 arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside;

核心层11由两个半球体组成，每个球壳层12由两个半球壳组成；Thecore layer 11 is made up of two hemispheres, and eachspherical shell layer 12 is made up of two hemispherical shells;

核心层11与第一球壳层12之间的层间间隙，以及相邻球壳层12之间的层间间隙均不大于0.5mm。Neither the interlayer gap between thecore layer 11 and the firstspherical shell layer 12 nor the interlayer gap between adjacent spherical shell layers 12 is greater than 0.5 mm.

在该实施例中，龙伯球13为多层球状结构，例如包括由内向外依次设置的核心层11、第一球壳层、第二球壳层，……，直至最外球壳层。且核心层11与第一球壳层之间的层间间隙、相邻球壳层12之间的层间间隙均小于或等于0.5mm，如此可以尽量避免产生散焦、波束倾斜以及方向图畸变等现象。In this embodiment, the Lumber sphere 13 is a multi-layer spherical structure, for example, comprising acore layer 11 , a first spherical shell layer, a second spherical shell layer, ... until the outermost spherical shell layer, which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside. And the interlayer gap between thecore layer 11 and the first spherical shell layer, and the interlayer gap between adjacent spherical shell layers 12 are all less than or equal to 0.5 mm, so that defocus, beam tilt and pattern distortion can be avoided as much as possible And so on.

此外，在一些实施方式中，龙伯球1的最外层球壳层12的半径为35～200mm，在该半径范围内，使用该模拟装置获得的RCS值与单独使用标准龙伯球1获得的RCS值较为接近。当然，用户也可以根据需要模拟的RCS的量级灵活设置龙伯球1的尺寸，本申请不做具体限定。In addition, in some embodiments, the radius of the outermostspherical shell layer 12 of theLuneburg sphere 1 is 35-200 mm. Within this radius range, the RCS value obtained by using the simulation device is the same as that obtained by using thestandard Luneburg sphere 1 alone. The RCS value is relatively close. Of course, the user can also flexibly set the size of theLumber ball 1 according to the magnitude of the RCS to be simulated, which is not specifically limited in this application.

在一些实施方式中，基底层21至少包括依次设置的第一层和第二层，第一层设置于龙伯球1上远离电磁波入射的一端，龙伯球1聚焦的电磁波可以透过第一层和第二层到达媒质23；二极管22和若干个媒质23设置于第二层上。In some embodiments, thebase layer 21 includes at least a first layer and a second layer arranged in sequence, the first layer is arranged on the end of theLuneberg sphere 1 away from the incident electromagnetic wave, and the electromagnetic wave focused by theLuneburg sphere 1 can pass through the first layer. The layer and the second layer reach the medium 23; the diode 22 andseveral media 23 are arranged on the second layer.

在该实施例中，第二层起到加固并连接第一层和二极管22以及媒质23的作用，当然为了减少基底层21对电磁波的影响，第一层和第二层均由低介电常数的介质构成。此外，在其它实施方式中，基底层21还可以包括第三层或更多层，本申请不做具体限定。In this embodiment, the second layer plays the role of reinforcing and connecting the first layer with the diode 22 and the medium 23. Of course, in order to reduce the influence of thebase layer 21 on electromagnetic waves, the first layer and the second layer are made of low dielectric constant. media composition. In addition, in other implementation manners, thebase layer 21 may also include a third layer or more layers, which is not specifically limited in this application.

如图3所示，在一些实施方式中，基底层21为球冠形；As shown in Figure 3, in some embodiments, thebase layer 21 is spherical;

基底层21的表面积S和高度h是通过如下公式计算得到的：The surface area S and height h of thebase layer 21 are calculated by the following formula:

S＝2πRhS=2πRh

h＝(1-cos0.5θ)*Rh＝(1-cos0.5θ)*R

式中，R为龙伯球1的最外层球壳层12的半径，θ为最大模拟角域。In the formula, R is the radius of the outermostspherical shell 12 of theLuneberg sphere 1, and θ is the maximum simulation angle domain.

在该实施例中，基底层21设置于龙伯球1最外球壳层12的外表面上，并位于龙伯球1的底端，基底层21的最大尺寸可以是半个球壳，用户可以根据需要确定，但是在工作时，其有效表面积与待模拟的角域相关。例如，当装置的最大模拟角域为-40°～40°时，基底层21的表面积为2πR(1-cos40)*R。但是在实际工作中，有些角域是我们不需要的，则可以通过调整媒质23的状态，选择工作区域。例如，当待模拟角域范围为-40°～-20°以及20°～40°时，阻抗层2的工作原理示意图如图4所示，此时，入射到-20°～20°角域范围的电磁波被透射过去，即基底层21在该角域范围的面积为无效面积；而入射到-40°～-20°以及20°～40°角域范围的电磁波被反射回去，形成雷达回波，即基底层21在该角域范围的面积为有效面积，其获得的RCS曲线图如图5所示。In this embodiment, thebase layer 21 is arranged on the outer surface of the outermostspherical shell layer 12 of theLumber ball 1, and is located at the bottom of theLumber ball 1. The maximum size of thebase layer 21 can be half a spherical shell, and the user can It can be determined as needed, but when working, its effective surface area is related to the angular domain to be simulated. For example, when the maximum simulation angle range of the device is -40°-40°, the surface area of thebase layer 21 is 2πR(1-cos40)*R. But in actual work, some angle areas are not needed by us, then the working area can be selected by adjusting the state of the medium 23 . For example, when the range of the angle domain to be simulated is -40°～-20° and 20°～40°, the schematic diagram of the working principle of theimpedance layer 2 is shown in Figure 4. The electromagnetic waves in the range are transmitted, that is, the area of thebase layer 21 in the angular range is an invalid area; while the electromagnetic waves incident in the angular range of -40° to -20° and 20° to 40° are reflected back to form a radar echo. The wave, that is, the area of thebase layer 21 in the angular range is the effective area, and the RCS curve obtained therefrom is shown in FIG. 5 .

在一些实施方式中，控制单元3为可编程门阵列FPGA，通过FPGA实现实时编程设计。在一些实施方式中，每一个媒质23相当于一个独立单元，通过设计编码“0”(相当于第一状态)和“1”(相当于第二状态)序列，使每一个单元置“0”或置“1”，进而完成电磁波的反射和透射。In some embodiments, thecontrol unit 3 is a programmable gate array FPGA, and real-time programming design is realized through FPGA. In some embodiments, each medium 23 is equivalent to an independent unit, and each unit is set to "0" by designing a sequence of coding "0" (equivalent to the first state) and "1" (equivalent to the second state) Or set "1" to complete the reflection and transmission of electromagnetic waves.

FPGA通过导电线路与二极管22连接，将预先编制的程序发送至二极管22，然后通过控制二极管22的开和关，获得不同的数字态。具体地，每一个单元都是由二极管22的开和关来获得不同的响应，当二极管22导通时，设置的单元置“0”，置“0”单元组成的区域内电磁波无法穿过，便处于带阻状态，此区域相当于金属反射面，将入射到此区域的入射波反射回去，形成雷达回波；相反，当二极管22关闭时，设置的单元置“1”，置“1”单元组成的区域内电磁波将穿过媒质23，便处于带通状态，此区域相当于透射状态，入射到此区域的入射波全部透射出去，最终实现角域可变的效果。The FPGA is connected to the diode 22 through a conductive line, sends the pre-programmed program to the diode 22, and then controls the on and off of the diode 22 to obtain different digital states. Specifically, each unit obtains a different response by turning on and off the diode 22. When the diode 22 is turned on, the set unit is set to "0", and electromagnetic waves cannot pass through the area formed by the set "0" unit. It is in the band-stop state, and this area is equivalent to a metal reflective surface, which reflects the incident wave incident on this area to form a radar echo; on the contrary, when the diode 22 is turned off, the set unit is set to "1" and set to "1". The electromagnetic waves in the area formed by the units will pass through the medium 23, and will be in a band-pass state. This area is equivalent to a transmission state, and all incident waves incident on this area are transmitted out, finally realizing the effect of variable angle domain.

需要说明的是，在其它实施方式中，“0”和“1”编码代表的状态可以互换，如编码“1”(相当于第一状态)和“0”(相当于第一状态)。It should be noted that, in other implementation manners, the states represented by codes "0" and "1" can be interchanged, such as codes "1" (corresponding to the first state) and "0" (corresponding to the first state).

在一些实施方式中，阻抗层2和控制单元3的连接关系示意图如图6所示，图6只是示意性地表示各组件之间的关系，不能理解为对本装置的限定，在其他实施方式中，各组件也可以是其他连接形式或形状。In some embodiments, the schematic diagram of the connection relationship between theimpedance layer 2 and thecontrol unit 3 is shown in FIG. 6 . FIG. 6 only schematically shows the relationship between the components, and should not be understood as a limitation of the device. In other embodiments , each component can also be in other connection forms or shapes.

如图7所示，本发明实施例提供了一种RCS模拟方法，应用于上述任一实施例中的RCS模拟装置，该方法包括：As shown in FIG. 7, an embodiment of the present invention provides an RCS simulation method, which is applied to the RCS simulation device in any of the above embodiments, and the method includes:

步骤700，确定待模拟角域；Step 700, determine the angle domain to be simulated;

步骤702，根据待模拟角域，利用控制单元3编写相应的指令，并将该指令发送至二极管22；Step 702, according to the angular range to be simulated, use thecontrol unit 3 to write corresponding instructions, and send the instructions to the diode 22;

步骤704，二极管22根据指令将待模拟角域范围内的媒质23置于第一状态，将待模拟角域范围外的媒质23置于第二状态；Step 704, the diode 22 puts the medium 23 within the angular range to be simulated into the first state according to the instruction, and puts the medium 23 outside the angular range to be simulated into the second state;

步骤706，向龙伯球1发射电磁波，获得待模拟角域的RCS。Step 706, launch electromagnetic waves to theLuneberg sphere 1 to obtain the RCS of the angular domain to be simulated.

可以理解的是，本实施例提供的RCS模拟装置和上述实施例提供的RCS模拟方法具有相同的有益效果，在此不进行赘述。It can be understood that the RCS simulation device provided in this embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the RCS simulation method provided in the foregoing embodiments, and details are not repeated here.

需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个…”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同因素。It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is a relationship between these entities or operations. There is no such actual relationship or sequence. Furthermore, the term "comprises", "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes elements not expressly listed. other elements of or also include elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a" does not exclude the presence of additional same elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising said element.

最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An RCS simulation apparatus, comprising:

a luneberg ball (1) for focusing electromagnetic waves incident to a surface thereof;

the impedance layer (2) comprises a substrate layer (21), a diode (22) and a plurality of mediums (23), wherein the diode (22) is arranged on the substrate layer (21); the substrate layer (21) is arranged at one end of the luneberg ball (1) far away from the incident direction of the electromagnetic wave, and the electromagnetic wave focused by the luneberg ball (1) can penetrate through the substrate layer (21) to reach the medium (23); the diode (22) is connected with each medium (23), each medium (23) comprises a first state and a second state, and when the medium (23) is in the first state, electromagnetic waves incident on the surface of the medium are reflected to generate radar echoes; when the medium (23) is in the second state, the electromagnetic wave incident to the surface of the medium (23) is transmitted through the medium (23);

and the control unit (3) is connected with the diode (22), and the control unit (3) controls the diode (22) to enable the medium (23) positioned in the range of the angular domain to be simulated to be in a first state and enable the medium (23) positioned outside the range of the angular domain to be simulated to be in a second state so as to obtain the RCS of the angular domain to be simulated.

2. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a housing (4), the luneberg ball (1) and the resistive layer (2) being arranged within the housing (4), the housing (4) being configured to protect the luneberg ball (1) and the resistive layer (2).

3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said luneberg sphere (1) comprises a core layer (11) and a plurality of spherical shell layers (12) arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside;

the core layer (11) consists of two hemispheroids, and each spherical shell layer (12) consists of two hemispherical shells;

the interlayer clearance between the core layer (11) and the first spherical shell layer (12) and the interlayer clearance between the adjacent spherical shell layers (12) are not more than 0.5mm.

4. A device according to claim 3, characterized in that the outermost spherical shell layer (12) of the luneberg sphere (1) has a radius of 35-200 mm.

5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the substrate layer (21) comprises at least a first layer and a second layer arranged in sequence, the first layer is arranged at an end of the luneberg ball (1) far away from the electromagnetic wave incidence, and the electromagnetic wave focused by the luneberg ball (1) can penetrate through the first layer and the second layer to reach the medium (23);

the diode (22) and a number of said media (23) are arranged on said second layer.

6. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the substrate layer (21) is spherical crown shaped;

the surface area S and the height h of the substrate layer (21) are calculated by the following formulas:

S＝2πRh

h＝(1-cos0.5θ)*R

wherein R is the radius of the outermost spherical shell layer (12) of the luneberg ball (1), and theta is the maximum simulation angle domain.

7. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the material of the housing (4) comprises epoxy resin, alkali-free fiberglass cloth, polyamide resin and tetraethylenepentamine.

8. The device according to claim 2, wherein the thickness of the housing (4) is 0.5-1.0 mm, and the dielectric constant of the housing (4) is 1.0-1.1C² /(N·M² )。

9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit (3) is a programmable gate array FPGA.

10. An RCS simulation method, for use in the apparatus of any one of claims 1-9, the method comprising:

determining an angular domain to be simulated;

according to the angular domain to be simulated, a corresponding instruction is programmed by using the control unit (3) and sent to the diode (22);

the diode (22) puts the medium (23) in the angular domain range to be simulated into a first state according to the instruction, and puts the medium (23) outside the angular domain range to be simulated into a second state;

and transmitting electromagnetic waves to the luneberg ball (1) to obtain the RCS of the angular domain to be simulated.

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