CN115342839A - Resistance type multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Resistance type multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel and preparation method thereofDownload PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及传感器技术领域，尤其是一种基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器及其制备方法。The invention relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to a porous hydrogel-based resistive multifunctional sensor and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
柔性可穿戴传感器由于其舒适性、便携性的优点，在电子皮肤、人机界面、柔性触摸显示器和智能机器人等应用中具有潜在优势，引起了广泛的关注及研究。水凝胶由于具有良好的可拉伸性和生物相容性，并且水凝胶的材料来源广泛，制备工艺简单，可以借助不同的功能性单体获得多功能性，成为了制备柔性多功能传感器的优选材料。然而，目前采用水凝胶制备的多功能柔性传感器无法兼顾高灵敏性和多功能性。Due to the advantages of comfort and portability, flexible wearable sensors have potential advantages in applications such as electronic skin, human-machine interface, flexible touch display, and intelligent robots, and have attracted extensive attention and research. Due to the good stretchability and biocompatibility of hydrogel, and the wide source of materials of hydrogel, the preparation process is simple, and the multifunctionality can be obtained with the help of different functional monomers, it has become an ideal choice for the preparation of flexible multifunctional sensors. preferred material. However, the current multifunctional flexible sensors prepared by hydrogels cannot balance high sensitivity and multifunctionality.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例提供了一种基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器及其制备方法。In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a resistive multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel and a preparation method thereof.
本发明实施例一方面所采取的技术方案是：The technical scheme adopted on the one hand in the embodiments of the present invention is:
一种基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器，包括：A resistive multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel comprising:
多孔水凝胶，所述多孔水凝胶中包括聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺和海藻酸钠；Porous hydrogel, comprising poly-N-isopropylacrylamide and sodium alginate in the porous hydrogel;
衬底层，设置在所述多孔水凝胶的一侧；a substrate layer disposed on one side of the porous hydrogel;
覆盖层，设置在所述多孔水凝胶远离所述衬底层的一侧。A covering layer is arranged on the side of the porous hydrogel away from the substrate layer.
作为一种可选的实施方式，在所述多孔水凝胶中，所述聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺和所述海藻酸钠在分子领域形成半互穿网络结构。As an optional embodiment, in the porous hydrogel, the poly-N-isopropylacrylamide and the sodium alginate form a semi-interpenetrating network structure in the molecular domain.
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述衬底层包括第一医用胶带层和第一电极层；As an optional implementation, the substrate layer includes a first medical tape layer and a first electrode layer;
所述第一电极层设置在所述第一医用胶带层带有粘性的一侧，所述第一电极层远离所述第一医用胶带层的一侧与所述多孔水凝胶接触。The first electrode layer is arranged on the adhesive side of the first medical tape layer, and the side of the first electrode layer away from the first medical tape layer is in contact with the porous hydrogel.
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述覆盖层包括第二医用胶带层和第二电极层；As an optional embodiment, the covering layer includes a second medical tape layer and a second electrode layer;
所述第二电极层设置在所述第二医用胶带层带有粘性的一侧，所述第二电极层远离所述第二医用胶带层的一侧与所述多孔水凝胶接触。The second electrode layer is arranged on the sticky side of the second medical tape layer, and the side of the second electrode layer away from the second medical tape layer is in contact with the porous hydrogel.
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述第一医用胶带层的长度比所述第二医用胶带层的长度长，所述第二医用胶带层的两端粘贴在所述第一医用胶带层上。As an optional embodiment, the length of the first medical tape layer is longer than the length of the second medical tape layer, and the two ends of the second medical tape layer are pasted on the first medical tape layer .
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述第一电极层和所述第二电极层采用铜箔和带有绝缘层的导线制备而得。As an optional implementation manner, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are prepared by using copper foil and wires with insulating layers.
本发明实施例另一方面所采取的技术方案是：The technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention takes on the other hand is:
一种基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器的制备方法，包括以下步骤：A method for preparing a resistive multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel, comprising the following steps:
制备衬底层；Prepare the substrate layer;
在所述衬底层的一侧通过致孔剂法制备多孔水凝胶，所述多孔水凝胶中包括聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺和海藻酸钠；On one side of the substrate layer, a porous hydrogel is prepared by a porogen method, and the porous hydrogel includes poly-N-isopropylacrylamide and sodium alginate;
在所述多孔水凝胶远离所述衬底层的一侧制备覆盖层。A covering layer is prepared on the side of the porous hydrogel away from the substrate layer.
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述在所述衬底层的一侧通过致孔剂法制备多孔水凝胶，包括：As an optional implementation, the preparation of porous hydrogel on one side of the substrate layer by porogen method includes:
以聚乙二醇作为致孔剂，采用预设比例的单体N-异丙基丙烯酰胺和海藻酸钠，通过致孔剂法在所述衬底层的一侧制备所述多孔水凝胶。The porous hydrogel is prepared on one side of the substrate layer by a porogen method using polyethylene glycol as a porogen, monomer N-isopropylacrylamide and sodium alginate in a preset ratio.
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述衬底层包括第一医用胶带层和第一电极层；As an optional implementation, the substrate layer includes a first medical tape layer and a first electrode layer;
所述制备衬底层，包括：The preparation of the substrate layer includes:
制备所述第一电极层；preparing the first electrode layer;
将所述第一电极层设置在所述第一医用胶带层带有粘性的一侧，所述第一电极层远离所述第一医用胶带层的一侧与所述多孔水凝胶接触。The first electrode layer is arranged on the sticky side of the first medical tape layer, and the side of the first electrode layer away from the first medical tape layer is in contact with the porous hydrogel.
作为一种可选的实施方式，所述覆盖层包括第二医用胶带层和第二电极层；As an optional embodiment, the covering layer includes a second medical tape layer and a second electrode layer;
所述在所述多孔水凝胶远离所述衬底层的一侧制备覆盖层，包括：The preparation of the covering layer on the side of the porous hydrogel away from the substrate layer includes:
制备所述第二电极层；preparing the second electrode layer;
将所述第二电极层设置在所述第二医用胶带层带有粘性的一侧，所述第二电极层远离所述第二医用胶带层的一侧与所述多孔水凝胶接触。The second electrode layer is arranged on the sticky side of the second medical tape layer, and the side of the second electrode layer away from the second medical tape layer is in contact with the porous hydrogel.
本发明实施例的基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器及其制备方法，在衬底层和覆盖层之间设置包括聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺和海藻酸钠的多孔水凝胶，多孔水凝胶内部的大量孔洞使得电阻式多功能传感器受到压力时内部孔壁的接触面明显增大，提升了传感器的压力敏感性；多孔水凝胶使得电阻式多功能传感器与外部环境具有较大的接触面积，在干燥环境中迅速失水，在潮湿环境中迅速吸水，提升了传感器的湿敏性；多孔水凝胶中的聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺在低温下分子链舒展，在高温下分子链皱缩，提升了传感器的温敏性；多孔水凝胶中的海藻酸钠在pH降低时逐渐形成海藻酸凝胶，在pH升高时逐渐溶解，提升了传感器的pH响应性。因此，本发明实施例的电阻式多功能传感器兼顾了高灵敏性和多功能性。According to the resistive multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel and the preparation method thereof according to the embodiment of the present invention, a porous hydrogel comprising poly-N-isopropylacrylamide and sodium alginate is arranged between the substrate layer and the covering layer, and the porous The large number of pores inside the hydrogel makes the contact surface of the internal pore wall significantly larger when the resistive multifunctional sensor is under pressure, which improves the pressure sensitivity of the sensor; the porous hydrogel makes the resistive multifunctional sensor have a greater distance from the external environment. It loses water quickly in a dry environment and absorbs water quickly in a humid environment, which improves the moisture sensitivity of the sensor; the molecular chain of poly N-isopropylacrylamide in the porous hydrogel stretches at low temperature, and at high temperature The shrinkage of the lower molecular chain improves the temperature sensitivity of the sensor; the sodium alginate in the porous hydrogel gradually forms an alginate gel when the pH decreases, and gradually dissolves when the pH increases, which improves the pH responsiveness of the sensor. Therefore, the resistive multifunctional sensor of the embodiment of the present invention takes into account both high sensitivity and multifunctionality.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the resistive multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel of the embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器的制备方法流程图；Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the preparation method of the resistive multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel according to the embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器的多孔水凝胶制备流程图；Fig. 3 is the flow chart of porous hydrogel preparation of the resistive multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel according to the embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器的压力敏感性测试图；Fig. 4 is the pressure sensitivity test diagram of the resistive multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel according to the embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器的稳定性测试图；Fig. 5 is the stability test diagram of the resistive multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel according to the embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器的温敏性测试图；Fig. 6 is the temperature sensitivity test diagram of the resistive multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel according to the embodiment of the present invention;
图7为本发明实施例基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器的pH响应性测试图；Fig. 7 is the pH response test diagram of the resistive multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel according to the embodiment of the present invention;
图8为本发明实施例基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器的湿敏性测试图。Fig. 8 is a moisture sensitivity test diagram of the resistive multifunctional sensor based on the porous hydrogel according to the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请方案，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本申请保护的范围。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiment of the application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiment of the application. Obviously, the described embodiment is only It is an embodiment of a part of the application, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及所述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”和“第四”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。The terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" in the specification and claims of the present application and the drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order . Furthermore, the terms "include" and "have", as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally also includes unlisted steps or units, or optionally further includes For other steps or units inherent in these processes, methods, products or apparatuses.
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。Reference herein to an "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The occurrences of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood explicitly and implicitly by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
柔性可穿戴传感器由于其舒适性、便携性的优点，在电子皮肤、人机界面、柔性触摸显示器和智能机器人等应用中具有潜在优势，引起了广泛的关注及研究。水凝胶由于具有良好的可拉伸性和生物相容性，并且水凝胶的材料来源广泛，制备工艺简单，可以借助不同的功能性单体获得多功能性，成为了制备柔性多功能传感器的优选材料。然而，目前采用水凝胶制备的多功能柔性传感器无法兼顾高灵敏性和多功能性。Due to the advantages of comfort and portability, flexible wearable sensors have potential advantages in applications such as electronic skin, human-machine interface, flexible touch display, and intelligent robots, and have attracted extensive attention and research. Due to the good stretchability and biocompatibility of hydrogel, and the wide source of materials of hydrogel, the preparation process is simple, and the multifunctionality can be obtained with the help of different functional monomers, it has become an ideal choice for the preparation of flexible multifunctional sensors. preferred material. However, the current multifunctional flexible sensors prepared by hydrogels cannot balance high sensitivity and multifunctionality.
为此，本发明实施例提出了一种基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器及其制备方法，在衬底层和覆盖层之间设置包括聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺和海藻酸钠的多孔水凝胶，多孔水凝胶内部的大量孔洞使得电阻式多功能传感器受到压力时内部孔壁的接触面明显增大，提升了传感器的压力敏感性；多孔水凝胶使得电阻式多功能传感器与外部环境具有较大的接触面积，在干燥环境中迅速失水，在潮湿环境中迅速吸水，提升了传感器的湿敏性；多孔水凝胶中的聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺在低温下分子链舒展，在高温下分子链皱缩，提升了传感器的温敏性；多孔水凝胶中的海藻酸钠在pH降低时逐渐形成海藻酸凝胶，在pH升高时逐渐溶解，提升了传感器的pH响应性。因此，本发明实施例的电阻式多功能传感器兼顾了高灵敏性和多功能性。For this reason, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a resistive multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel and its preparation method, and a sensor comprising poly N-isopropylacrylamide and sodium alginate is arranged between the substrate layer and the cover layer. Porous hydrogel, a large number of pores inside the porous hydrogel makes the contact surface of the internal hole wall significantly increase when the resistive multifunctional sensor is under pressure, which improves the pressure sensitivity of the sensor; the porous hydrogel makes the resistive multifunctional sensor It has a large contact area with the external environment, rapidly loses water in a dry environment, and rapidly absorbs water in a humid environment, which improves the moisture sensitivity of the sensor; poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in porous hydrogels can The molecular chain stretches, and the molecular chain shrinks at high temperature, which improves the temperature sensitivity of the sensor; the sodium alginate in the porous hydrogel gradually forms an alginate gel when the pH decreases, and gradually dissolves when the pH increases, improving the temperature sensitivity of the sensor. pH responsiveness of the sensor. Therefore, the resistive multifunctional sensor of the embodiment of the present invention takes into account both high sensitivity and multifunctionality.
如图1所示，本发明实施例提出了一种基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器，所述基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器包括：As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a resistive multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel, which includes:
多孔水凝胶101，多孔水凝胶中包括聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(PNIPAM)和海藻酸钠(SA)；
衬底层，设置在多孔水凝胶的一侧；a substrate layer disposed on one side of the porous hydrogel;
覆盖层，设置在多孔水凝胶远离衬底层的一侧。The covering layer is arranged on the side of the porous hydrogel away from the substrate layer.
可选地，多孔水凝胶采用质量比为9：1的单体N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAM)和SA合成，本发明实施例对NIPAM和SA的比例不作限定，可根据实际使用要求调整NIPAM和SA的比例。Optionally, the porous hydrogel is synthesized using monomer N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and SA with a mass ratio of 9:1. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the ratio of NIPAM and SA, and it can be based on actual use requirements. Adjust the ratio of NIPAM and SA.
作为一种可选的实施方式，在多孔水凝胶101中，聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺和海藻酸钠在分子领域形成半互穿网络结构。As an optional embodiment, in the
作为一种可选的实施方式，衬底层包括第一医用胶带层102和第一电极层103；As an optional embodiment, the substrate layer includes a first
第一电极层103设置在第一医用胶带层102带有粘性的一侧，从而更好地固定第一电极层103，第一电极层103远离第一医用胶带层102的一侧与多孔水凝胶101接触。The
作为一种可选的实施方式，覆盖层包括第二医用胶带层104和第二电极层105；As an optional embodiment, the covering layer includes a second
第二电极层105设置在第二医用胶带层104带有粘性的一侧，从而更好地固定第二电极层105，第二电极层105远离第二医用胶带层104的一侧与多孔水凝胶101接触。The
本发明实施例采用的第一医用胶带层和第二医用胶带层具有一定的硬性，在基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器受到压力时，带动多孔水凝胶产生大面积的形变，从而进一步提升基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器的灵敏度。The first medical tape layer and the second medical tape layer used in the embodiment of the present invention have a certain hardness, and when the resistive multifunctional sensor based on the porous hydrogel is under pressure, the porous hydrogel is driven to produce a large area of deformation, thereby Further enhancing the sensitivity of resistive multifunctional sensors based on porous hydrogels.
作为一种可选的实施方式，第一医用胶带层的长度比第二医用胶带层的长度长，第二医用胶带层的两端粘贴在第一医用胶带层上，使得本发明实施例的基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器具有类似创可贴的构造，能够直接粘贴在待测试部位进行测试。As an optional implementation, the length of the first medical tape layer is longer than the length of the second medical tape layer, and the two ends of the second medical tape layer are pasted on the first medical tape layer, so that the embodiment of the present invention is based on The resistive multifunctional sensor of porous hydrogel has a Band-Aid-like structure and can be directly pasted on the site to be tested for testing.
作为一种可选的实施方式，第一电极层103和第二电极层105采用铜箔和带有绝缘层的导线制备而得。As an optional implementation manner, the
其中，铜箔的粘贴面积较大，使得第一电极层103和第二电极层105的粘贴效果更好，不易脱落；带有绝缘层的导线稳定性较高，在极端环境中不易损坏。参照图1，在本发明实施例中，将带有绝缘层的导线一端缠绕在铜箔上，另一端引到基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器外，便于接入测试电路。Wherein, the pasting area of the copper foil is larger, so that the pasting effect of the
可选地，铜箔采用带胶铜箔，进一步提升第一电极层103和第二电极层105的粘贴效果。Optionally, the copper foil is copper foil with adhesive to further improve the bonding effect between the
可选地，第一电极层103和第二电极层105还可以采用其他电极，如叉指电极等，本发明对此不作限定。Optionally, the
基于图1的基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器，本发明实施例提供了一种基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器的制备方法，如图2所示，该制备方法包括以下步骤S101-S103：Based on the resistive multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel in Figure 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a resistive multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel, as shown in Figure 2, the preparation method includes the following Steps S101-S103:
S101、制备衬底层；S101, preparing a substrate layer;
其中，衬底层包括第一医用胶带层和第一电极层。Wherein, the substrate layer includes the first medical tape layer and the first electrode layer.
具体地，制备衬底层包括以下步骤：Specifically, preparing the substrate layer includes the following steps:
1)制备第一电极层；1) preparing the first electrode layer;
2)将第一电极层设置在第一医用胶带层带有粘性的一侧，其中，第一电极层远离第一医用胶带层的一侧与多孔水凝胶接触。2) The first electrode layer is arranged on the adhesive side of the first medical tape layer, wherein the side of the first electrode layer away from the first medical tape layer is in contact with the porous hydrogel.
S102、在所述衬底层的一侧通过致孔剂法制备多孔水凝胶；S102. Prepare a porous hydrogel on one side of the substrate layer by a porogen method;
其中，多孔水凝胶中包括聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺和海藻酸钠。Wherein, the porous hydrogel includes poly N-isopropylacrylamide and sodium alginate.
可选地，多孔水凝胶中还可以添加其他功能性单体以丰富传感器的多功能性。Optionally, other functional monomers can be added to the porous hydrogel to enrich the multifunctionality of the sensor.
参照图3，具体地，在本发明的实施例中，以聚乙二醇(PEG)作为致孔剂，采用预设比例的NIPAM和SA，通过致孔剂法在衬底层的一侧制备多孔水凝胶。可选地，采用质量比为9：1的NIPAM和SA，本发明实施例对NIPAM和SA的比例不作限定，可根据实际使用要求调整NIPAM和SA的比例，即调整预设比例。Referring to Figure 3, specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, polyethylene glycol (PEG) is used as a porogen, and a preset ratio of NIPAM and SA is used to prepare a porous layer on one side of the substrate layer by the porogen method. Hydrogels. Optionally, NIPAM and SA with a mass ratio of 9:1 are used. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the ratio of NIPAM and SA, and the ratio of NIPAM and SA can be adjusted according to actual use requirements, that is, the preset ratio can be adjusted.
本发明实施例采用的PEG致孔剂分子量较大且易溶于水，在制备多孔水凝胶过程中不参与聚合反应，并在反应物中占据大量空间；聚合反应结束后，将PEG溶于水中脱离水凝胶，从而在水凝胶中留下大量的孔洞，形成具有多孔结构的水凝胶(多孔水凝胶)。The PEG porogen used in the embodiment of the present invention has a large molecular weight and is easily soluble in water. It does not participate in the polymerization reaction during the preparation of the porous hydrogel, and occupies a large amount of space in the reactant; after the polymerization reaction is completed, dissolve the PEG in The hydrogel is detached from the water, thereby leaving a large number of holes in the hydrogel, forming a hydrogel with a porous structure (porous hydrogel).
在本发明的实施例中，在制备过程中，将多孔水凝胶浸泡于盐水溶液中以提升多孔水凝胶的导电性。可选地，盐水溶液采用无水氯化钠，污水氯化钠中的钠离子于SA交联，提高了多孔水凝胶的韧性，使得多孔水凝胶的结构更加牢固。In an embodiment of the present invention, during the preparation process, the porous hydrogel is soaked in saline solution to improve the conductivity of the porous hydrogel. Optionally, the saline solution uses anhydrous sodium chloride, and the sodium ions in the sewage sodium chloride are cross-linked with SA, which improves the toughness of the porous hydrogel and makes the structure of the porous hydrogel more firm.
S103、在所述多孔水凝胶远离所述衬底层的一侧制备覆盖层。S103. Prepare a covering layer on the side of the porous hydrogel away from the substrate layer.
其中，覆盖层包括第二医用胶带层和第二电极层。Wherein, the covering layer includes a second medical tape layer and a second electrode layer.
具体地，在多孔水凝胶远离衬底层的一侧制备覆盖层包括以下步骤：Specifically, preparing the covering layer on the side of the porous hydrogel away from the substrate layer includes the following steps:
1)制备第二电极层；1) preparing the second electrode layer;
2)将第二电极层设置在第二医用胶带层带有粘性的一侧，第二电极层远离第二医用胶带层的一侧与多孔水凝胶接触。2) The second electrode layer is arranged on the sticky side of the second medical tape layer, and the side of the second electrode layer away from the second medical tape layer is in contact with the porous hydrogel.
图4示出了本发明实施例的基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器的压力敏感性，其中多孔水凝胶采用质量比为9：1的NIPAM和SA合成而得。根据图4可知，在对传感器施加不同压力后传感器表现出不同的相应程度，在压力较小时表现出较高的灵敏度，说明了本发明实施例的基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器对微小的压力变化具有较高的响应性(灵敏度高)，即具有较高的压力敏感性，在实际应用中，能够精确地捕捉人体细微的活动信号，如呼吸和脉搏等。Fig. 4 shows the pressure sensitivity of the resistive multifunctional sensor based on the porous hydrogel according to the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the porous hydrogel is synthesized by using NIPAM and SA with a mass ratio of 9:1. According to Figure 4, it can be seen that the sensor exhibits different corresponding degrees after applying different pressures to the sensor, and shows a higher sensitivity when the pressure is small, which illustrates that the porous hydrogel-based resistive multifunctional sensor of the embodiment of the present invention has Small pressure changes have high responsiveness (high sensitivity), that is, high pressure sensitivity. In practical applications, it can accurately capture the subtle activity signals of the human body, such as respiration and pulse.
图5示出了本发明实施例的基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器的稳定性。根据图5可知，通过进行在1kPa的恒定压力下的循环实验(循环500次)，证明本发明实施例的基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器的多孔结构不易在反复受压后产生大的形变，具有较高的稳定性。FIG. 5 shows the stability of the porous hydrogel-based resistive multifunctional sensor of an embodiment of the present invention. According to Figure 5, it can be seen that the porous structure of the resistive multifunctional sensor based on the porous hydrogel of the embodiment of the present invention is not easy to generate large pressure after repeated pressure by carrying out the cycle experiment (
图6示出了本发明实施例的基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器的温敏性，通过将基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器迅速靠近和远离加热台，并观察传感器的电阻变化。根据图6可知，本发明实施例基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器具有灵敏的温度响应性能。Fig. 6 shows the temperature sensitivity of the resistive multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel according to the embodiment of the present invention, by rapidly approaching and away from the heating stage, and observing the temperature sensitivity of the sensor resistance changes. It can be seen from FIG. 6 that the porous hydrogel-based resistive multifunctional sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention has a sensitive temperature response performance.
图7示出了本发明实施例的基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器的pH响应性，通过将基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器浸入不同pH的缓冲液中并取出，并观察传感器的电阻变化及汇总统计分析。根据图7可知，本发明实施例基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器具有较高的pH响应性。Fig. 7 shows the pH responsiveness of the porous hydrogel-based resistive multifunctional sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention, by immersing the porous hydrogel-based resistive multifunctional sensor in different pH buffers and taking it out, and Observation of sensor resistance changes and summary statistical analysis. It can be seen from FIG. 7 that the porous hydrogel-based resistive multifunctional sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention has high pH responsiveness.
图8示出了本发明实施例的基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器的湿敏性，通过将基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器置于不同湿度的环境中一段时间(每个湿度下的放置时间统一)，并在每次测试完成后置于98％湿度的环境中进行平衡。根据图8可知，本发明实施例的基于多孔水凝胶的电阻式多功能传感器具有较高的湿敏性。Fig. 8 shows the moisture sensitivity of the resistive multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel according to the embodiment of the present invention, by placing the resistive multifunctional sensor based on porous hydrogel in environments with different humidity for a period of time (each The storage time under each humidity is uniform), and after each test is completed, it is placed in an environment with a humidity of 98% for equilibration. It can be seen from FIG. 8 that the porous hydrogel-based resistive multifunctional sensor of the embodiment of the present invention has high humidity sensitivity.
结合图1-8以及步骤S101-S103可知，在本发明的实施例中，在衬底层和覆盖层之间设置包括聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺和海藻酸钠的多孔水凝胶，多孔水凝胶内部的大量孔洞使得电阻式多功能传感器受到压力时内部孔壁的接触面明显增大，提升了传感器的压力敏感性；多孔水凝胶使得电阻式多功能传感器与外部环境具有较大的接触面积，在干燥环境中迅速失水，在潮湿环境中迅速吸水，提升了传感器的湿敏性；多孔水凝胶中的聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺在低温下分子链舒展，在高温下分子链收缩，提升了传感器的温敏性；多孔水凝胶中的海藻酸钠在pH降低时逐渐形成海藻酸凝胶，在pH升高时逐渐溶解，提升了传感器的pH响应性。因此，本发明实施例的电阻式多功能传感器兼顾了高灵敏性和多功能性。1-8 and steps S101-S103, it can be seen that in an embodiment of the present invention, a porous hydrogel comprising poly-N-isopropylacrylamide and sodium alginate is arranged between the substrate layer and the covering layer, and the porous water The large number of pores inside the gel makes the contact surface of the internal pore wall of the resistive multifunctional sensor significantly larger when it is under pressure, which improves the pressure sensitivity of the sensor; the porous hydrogel makes the resistive multifunctional sensor have a larger distance from the external environment. The contact area can rapidly lose water in a dry environment and quickly absorb water in a humid environment, which improves the moisture sensitivity of the sensor; the molecular chain of poly N-isopropylacrylamide in the porous hydrogel stretches at low temperature, and at high temperature The shrinkage of the molecular chain improves the temperature sensitivity of the sensor; the sodium alginate in the porous hydrogel gradually forms an alginate gel when the pH decreases, and gradually dissolves when the pH increases, which improves the pH responsiveness of the sensor. Therefore, the resistive multifunctional sensor of the embodiment of the present invention takes into account both high sensitivity and multifunctionality.
以上是对本发明的较佳实施进行了具体说明，但本发明并不限于所述实施例，熟悉本领域的技术人员在不违背本发明精神的前提下还可做作出种种的等同变形或替换，这些等同的变形或替换均包含在本申请权利要求所限定的范围内。The above is a specific description of the preferred implementation of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can also make various equivalent deformations or replacements without violating the spirit of the present invention. These equivalent modifications or replacements are all within the scope defined by the claims of the present application.
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