CN115337533A - An artificial whole heart operating device - Google Patents
An artificial whole heart operating deviceDownload PDFInfo
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- CN115337533A CN115337533ACN202210985577.7ACN202210985577ACN115337533ACN 115337533 ACN115337533 ACN 115337533ACN 202210985577 ACN202210985577 ACN 202210985577ACN 115337533 ACN115337533 ACN 115337533A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
- A61M60/424—Details relating to driving for positive displacement blood pumps
- A61M60/438—Details relating to driving for positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being mechanical
- A61M60/441—Details relating to driving for positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being mechanical generated by an electromotor
- A61M60/443—Details relating to driving for positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being mechanical generated by an electromotor with means converting the rotation into a translational movement of the displacement member
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
- A61M60/122—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body
- A61M60/196—Implantable pumps or pumping devices, i.e. the blood being pumped inside the patient's body replacing the entire heart, e.g. total artificial hearts [TAH]
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/20—Type thereof
- A61M60/247—Positive displacement blood pumps
- A61M60/253—Positive displacement blood pumps including a displacement member directly acting on the blood
- A61M60/268—Positive displacement blood pumps including a displacement member directly acting on the blood the displacement member being flexible, e.g. membranes, diaphragms or bladders
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/50—Details relating to control
- A61M60/508—Electronic control means, e.g. for feedback regulation
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
- A61M60/855—Constructional details other than related to driving of implantable pumps or pumping devices
- A61M60/871—Energy supply devices; Converters therefor
- A61M60/873—Energy supply devices; Converters therefor specially adapted for wireless or transcutaneous energy transfer [TET], e.g. inductive charging
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本申请涉及医疗器械技术领域，尤其涉及一种人工全心脏运行设备的内部构造技术。The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to an internal structure technology of an artificial whole heart operating device.
背景技术Background technique
人工心脏，一般指的是用机械手段部分替代，或完全替代人体心脏的泵血机能，人类研究和利用人工心脏的历史开始于20世纪中叶，几十年来，虽已取得一些进展，但基本仍处在探索阶段。随着科技的进步，目前人工机械泵血设备已经有了很多突破性进展，并经历了从搏动泵到轴流泵再到离心泵的发展过程，取得了很大进步，但目前这些人造心脏还是有不少致命问题，如这些设备普遍功能不全，易损坏，不耐用，故障率高或极易损伤血液，造成凝血及血栓等问题。因此，现有技术中人工心脏普遍存在使用安全性较低的问题，特别是完全模拟人体心室收缩和舒张功能的全人工心脏更存在体积过大、不能顺畅运行等实施障碍。基于此背景，本发明旨在解决类似通过舒张原理挤压血液的心室设备的内部不能顺畅运行问题，以使其能够顺畅持久运行。Artificial heart generally refers to the use of mechanical means to partially replace or completely replace the blood pumping function of the human heart. The history of human research and utilization of artificial heart began in the middle of the 20th century. Although some progress has been made in the past few decades, it is still basically the same. In the exploratory stage. With the advancement of science and technology, there have been many breakthroughs in artificial mechanical blood pumping equipment, and have gone through the development process from pulsating pumps to axial flow pumps to centrifugal pumps, and have made great progress. However, these artificial hearts are still There are many fatal problems, such as these devices are generally incomplete, easily damaged, not durable, have a high failure rate, or easily damage the blood, causing problems such as coagulation and thrombus. Therefore, the artificial heart in the prior art generally has the problem of low safety in use, especially the total artificial heart that completely simulates the systolic and diastolic functions of the human ventricle has obstacles in its implementation such as being too large and not running smoothly. Based on this background, the present invention aims to solve the problem that the interior of the ventricular device that squeezes blood through the diastolic principle cannot run smoothly, so that it can run smoothly and continuously.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本申请实施例提供一种人工全心脏运行设备，以解决人工机械心脏存在使用不顺畅、安全性差的问题，以及心室软囊在收缩和舒张时外壳内的空气不平衡的问题。The embodiment of the present application provides an artificial whole heart operating device to solve the problems of unsmooth use and poor safety of the artificial mechanical heart, and the problem of air imbalance in the shell of the ventricular soft sac during contraction and relaxation.
本申请实施例提供了一种人工全心脏运行设备，所述人工全心脏运行设备包括：外壳、缸体、左心室软囊、右心室软囊、左右心室软囊顶盖、人造血管、进向瓣门、出向瓣门、活塞顶板、曲轴、轴承、连杆、微型电动机；The embodiment of the present application provides an artificial whole heart operating device, the artificial whole heart operating device includes: a casing, a cylinder body, a left ventricular soft sac, a right ventricular soft sac, a left and right ventricular soft sac cap, an artificial blood vessel, an Flap door, outgoing flap door, piston top plate, crankshaft, bearing, connecting rod, micro motor;
其中：所述左、右两个心室软囊对应安装在所述左右两个缸体上沿，并由左右心室软囊顶盖将其软囊上口压实密封，以使其形成左右两个心室；Wherein: the left and right ventricular soft sacs are correspondingly installed on the upper edges of the left and right cylinders, and the top covers of the left and right ventricular soft sacs compress and seal the upper openings of the soft sacs to form two left and right sides. ventricle;
所述活塞顶板有两个，均位于缸体内部，左右两个活塞顶板的顶部平面分别与左右两个心室软囊底部外表面贴合连接；在所述活塞顶板外沿往下还设置有一圈活塞侧板，所述活塞侧板与缸体四周内壁之间具有距离空间；There are two piston top plates, both of which are located inside the cylinder body. The top planes of the left and right piston top plates are attached to and connected with the bottom outer surfaces of the left and right ventricle soft sacs respectively; Piston side plate, there is a space between the piston side plate and the inner wall around the cylinder body;
所述距离空间，可使活塞顶板在向上运行时，通过活塞侧板挤压心室软囊使其折弯不断变换成U型，以快速缩小心室体积，使心室内部形成正压，将心室血液通过岀向瓣门快速压入人造血管；同时，这还可在活塞顶板向下运行时，更顺畅地完成行程，快速舒张已折弯成为U型的心室软囊，并使心室内形成负压，快速将人造血管中的血液通过进向瓣门吸入心室，达到心室的收缩和舒张及血液循环的目的；The distance space allows the top plate of the piston to press the soft sac of the ventricle through the side plate of the piston when it is running upwards, making it bend continuously into a U shape, so as to rapidly reduce the volume of the ventricle, form a positive pressure inside the ventricle, and pass the ventricular blood through it. The artificial blood vessel is quickly pressed into the valve door; at the same time, when the top plate of the piston moves downward, the stroke can be completed more smoothly, and the ventricular soft sac that has been bent into a U shape can be rapidly dilated, and negative pressure can be formed in the ventricle. Quickly suck the blood in the artificial blood vessel into the ventricle through the inlet valve to achieve the purpose of contraction and relaxation of the ventricle and blood circulation;
所述曲轴，由所述轴承固定在缸体下端，曲轴通过所述连杆连接所述左右两个活塞顶板；所述曲轴为两个曲的反向曲轴，这将使左右两个心室软囊在运行时分别呈一上一下运行模式，使左右两个心室软囊下部的空间体积形成左右互补，在整体上始终保持恒定不变；这样，可使人工全心脏运行设备的外壳不用打孔，内部始终处于密封状态，不与壳体外的人体产生任何气动干涉。The crankshaft is fixed on the lower end of the cylinder body by the bearing, and the crankshaft is connected to the top plates of the left and right pistons through the connecting rod; During the operation, it is in an up-and-down operation mode, so that the space volumes of the left and right two ventricle soft sacs form a complementary left and right, and remain constant as a whole; in this way, the shell of the artificial whole heart operating device does not need to be perforated, The inside is always in a sealed state, without any aerodynamic interference with the human body outside the shell.
这是一个模拟心脏心室收缩和舒张(吸收和排出)血液的功能设备。通过微型电动机提供动能，带动活塞推动和拉动心室软囊做上下往复运动，在心室内循环形成正压和负压，再经由本设备顶盖上的人造血管和出向瓣门或进向瓣门，本设备就可以不断排出或吸入血液，实现了血液在人体内的循环。This is a functional device that simulates the contraction and relaxation (absorption and expulsion) of blood in the ventricles of the heart. The kinetic energy is provided by the micro motor, which drives the piston to push and pull the ventricular soft sac to reciprocate up and down, and circulates in the ventricle to form positive pressure and negative pressure, and then passes through the artificial blood vessel on the top cover of the device and goes out to the valve gate or enters the valve gate. The device can continuously discharge or inhale blood, realizing the circulation of blood in the human body.
所述外壳封装的两个缸体安装有左右两个心室软囊，将实现人体心脏的两个心室的作用，是作为人工机械心脏吸入血液和排出血液的腔室。The two cylinders encapsulated by the shell are equipped with left and right ventricle soft sacs, which will realize the functions of the two ventricles of the human heart and serve as chambers for the artificial mechanical heart to inhale and expel blood.
所述活塞有两个，每个活塞由活塞顶板、活塞侧板及连杆组成，是实现心室软囊收缩和舒张的传动装置部分。There are two pistons, and each piston is composed of a piston top plate, a piston side plate and a connecting rod, and is a part of the transmission device for realizing the contraction and relaxation of the ventricular soft sac.
本设备所述缸体内的心室软囊的内空间在增大和缩小时，必然对缸体产生正压和负压，压强会进一步影响阻碍活塞的上下，为消除此障碍。所述两个活塞利用反向曲轴串联起来，以解决缸内压力平衡问题。When the inner space of the ventricular soft capsule in the cylinder described in this device increases and decreases, positive pressure and negative pressure will inevitably be generated on the cylinder, and the pressure will further affect and hinder the piston from moving up and down, so as to eliminate this obstacle. The two pistons are connected in series by means of reverse crankshafts to solve the pressure balance problem in the cylinder.
优选地，将两个活塞串联，是为了保证活塞运动的反向同步性。Preferably, the two pistons are connected in series to ensure the reverse synchronization of piston movement.
优选地，所述反向曲轴的两个弯曲的部分是反方向的，和弯曲部分连接的活塞的运动方向也必然相反，通俗一点说，其中一个活塞向上运动，另一个活塞必然向下运动。由此可见，当一侧活塞向下运动拉扯心室软囊，给一侧缸体增加压力时，另一侧的活塞却向上运动挤压心室软囊，给另一侧缸体释放压力，最终让缸体内左右的压力平衡稳定。Preferably, the two curved parts of the reverse crankshaft are in opposite directions, and the movement directions of the pistons connected to the curved parts must also be opposite. Generally speaking, if one piston moves upward, the other piston must move downward. It can be seen that when the piston on one side moves down to pull the ventricular soft sac and increases the pressure on one side of the cylinder, the piston on the other side moves upward to squeeze the ventricular soft sac and releases the pressure on the other side of the cylinder. The left and right pressure balance in the cylinder is stable.
优选地，所述心室软囊皮的厚度，是指心室软囊内壁至外表面的厚度，为1～5毫米，以使心室软囊具有更强的柔韧性、抗折性、耐久性和更长的使用寿命。Preferably, the thickness of the ventricular soft sac skin refers to the thickness from the inner wall to the outer surface of the ventricular soft sac, which is 1 to 5 mm, so that the ventricular soft sac has stronger flexibility, bending resistance, durability and more Long service life.
优选地，所述活塞顶板外沿及活塞侧板外表面与缸体四周内壁的距离空间，为2～5个心室软囊皮的厚度。即活塞顶板的外径要小于缸体内径，活塞四周与缸体之间的距离应超过心室软囊皮折弯后的厚度。这样设计的目的，是因为活塞在向上推挤心室软囊时，可以让心室软囊四周向下凹陷的同时，不至于和缸体内壁因贴合太紧而产生硬性摩擦，避免因硬性摩擦而造成心室软囊皮的磨损，同时也避免了因摩擦阻碍活塞做功以及设备的易损坏。Preferably, the distance between the outer edge of the top plate of the piston and the outer surface of the side plate of the piston and the inner wall around the cylinder body is 2 to 5 thicknesses of the soft capsule skin of the ventricle. That is, the outer diameter of the piston top plate should be smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder, and the distance between the piston and the cylinder body should exceed the thickness of the ventricular pouch skin after bending. The purpose of this design is because when the piston pushes the ventricular soft sac upward, it can make the surrounding of the ventricular soft sac sink downwards, and at the same time, it will not cause hard friction with the inner wall of the cylinder due to too tight fit, so as to avoid damage caused by hard friction. It causes the wear of the ventricular soft capsule skin, and also avoids the resistance of the piston to work due to friction and the easy damage of the equipment.
优选地，所述左右心室软囊顶盖设置有与人体对应的多个人造血管，并且在所述人造血管与心室软囊之间设置有进向瓣门或岀向瓣门。当心室软囊在活塞带动下舒张时，可以在负压的作用下通过进向瓣门把血液吸入心室软囊。优选地，在人体心脏切除时，应预留大部分人体心房，即在其心房最小口处下刀切开，这将利于与本发明人造血管连接，留下的部分心房与人造血管连接后，可充当人体心房储血的功能。Preferably, the caps of the left and right ventricular soft sacs are provided with a plurality of artificial blood vessels corresponding to the human body, and an incoming or outgoing valve is provided between the artificial blood vessels and the ventricular soft sacs. When the ventricular soft sac is dilated under the drive of the piston, blood can be sucked into the ventricular soft sac through the inlet valve under the action of negative pressure. Preferably, when the human heart is resected, most of the atrium of the human body should be reserved, that is, cut open at the smallest opening of the atrium, which will facilitate the connection with the artificial blood vessel of the present invention, and after the remaining part of the atrium is connected with the artificial blood vessel, It can serve as the function of human atrium blood storage.
优选地，在所述人造血管上还设置有转接头，并在转接头上再延长有一段人造血管，该段人造血管与人体血管对应连接。该转接头的设计目的是为更换人工机械心脏之用，当人工机械心脏达到更换条件时，从转接头处可实现快速拆卸更换，转接头的作用就可以减少手术更换时间，让医务人员可以快速更换人工机械心脏。Preferably, an adapter is also provided on the artificial blood vessel, and a section of artificial blood vessel is extended on the adapter, and the section of artificial blood vessel is correspondingly connected with a human blood vessel. The design purpose of this adapter is to replace the artificial mechanical heart. When the artificial mechanical heart meets the replacement conditions, it can be quickly disassembled and replaced from the adapter. The role of the adapter can reduce the time of surgical replacement and allow medical staff to quickly Replace the artificial mechanical heart.
优选地，上述左右心室软囊顶盖，人造血管，进向瓣门，出向瓣门和转换接头，均应优选与人体相容性材料制作和涂层，如植入人体的医用硅胶等材料。Preferably, the caps of the left and right ventricular soft sacs, the artificial blood vessels, the inlet valve, the outlet valve and the conversion joints should all be made and coated with materials compatible with the human body, such as medical silicone implanted into the human body.
优选地，本发明中优选微型电动机作为活塞做功的动力源，具体连接方式为，心室软囊和活塞粘连，活塞和曲轴连接，所述曲轴两端与轴承连接，轴承与微型电动机相连。Preferably, in the present invention, the micromotor is preferably used as the power source for the piston to perform work. The specific connection method is that the ventricular capsule is adhered to the piston, and the piston is connected to the crankshaft. Both ends of the crankshaft are connected to bearings, and the bearing is connected to the micromotor.
优选地，所述曲轴两端的轴承均为单向轴承，并予以一正一反安装。所述单向轴承一端设置有齿轮，有齿轮的一端与微型电动机齿轮啮合，另一端与曲轴连接；其中，在所述微型电动机的驱动下，所述微型电动机齿轮通过所述轴承齿轮带动所述曲轴转动。Preferably, the bearings at both ends of the crankshaft are one-way bearings, and one is installed positively and the other is reversely installed. One end of the one-way bearing is provided with a gear, and one end of the gear meshes with the gear of the micro-motor, and the other end is connected with the crankshaft; wherein, driven by the micro-motor, the gear of the micro-motor drives the The crankshaft turns.
优选地，所述齿轮，由两个或多个组成，用以变速。Preferably, the gears are composed of two or more gears for speed change.
优选地，设备配有两个微型电动机。Preferably, the device is equipped with two miniature motors.
优选地，设备还包括智能感应芯片，所述智能感应芯片与两个所述微型电动机连接，当一端的微型电动机转动做功时，另一端的微型电动机因与之连接的轴承反装则不会转动而处于待用状态；当正在做功的微型电动机发生故障或倒休时，另一个待用的微型电动机则会在所述智能感应芯片的指示下立即进行转动做功，以保障人工心脏的安全及持久运行。Preferably, the device also includes an intelligent sensing chip, which is connected to the two micro-motors, and when the micro-motor at one end rotates to perform work, the micro-motor at the other end will not rotate because the bearing connected to it is reversed. And it is in the standby state; when the working micro-motor breaks down or goes down, another standby micro-motor will immediately rotate and do work under the instruction of the intelligent induction chip, so as to ensure the safety and durability of the artificial heart. run.
优选地，所述智能感应芯片还与无线充电接收线圈和内置充电电池连接。Preferably, the smart sensing chip is also connected to the wireless charging receiving coil and the built-in rechargeable battery.
优选地，所述内置充电电池为所述微型电动机提供电力。Preferably, the built-in rechargeable battery provides power for the micro motor.
优选地，所述内置充电电池的充电方式为非接触式的无线充电方式。Preferably, the charging method of the built-in rechargeable battery is a non-contact wireless charging method.
优选地，所述内置充电电池、无线充电接收线圈及智能感应芯片，设置在缸体与外壳之间。Preferably, the built-in rechargeable battery, the wireless charging receiving coil and the smart sensing chip are arranged between the cylinder body and the casing.
优选地，将微型电动机、内置充电电池、无线充电接收线圈及智能感应芯片设置在本申请设备内，其目的是不用设置连接体内外的导线及管线，仅使用无线充电方式就可以解决体内人工全心脏运行设备内部的充电电池的动能问题；同时使用智能感应芯片监控本申请设备及人体的运行状态，让本申请设备变得更人性化，小型化，智能化，使用更方便，使人工机械心脏使用者不用再承受因在身体上插满管线所带来的巨大痛苦。Preferably, a micro-motor, a built-in rechargeable battery, a wireless charging receiving coil and an intelligent induction chip are arranged in the device of the present application. The kinetic energy of the rechargeable battery inside the heart operating equipment; at the same time, the intelligent sensor chip is used to monitor the operating status of the application equipment and the human body, making the application equipment more humane, miniaturized, intelligent, and more convenient to use, making the artificial mechanical heart Users no longer have to bear the great pain caused by inserting pipelines all over their bodies.
优选地，所述内置充电电池在中断充电的情况下有不低于8小时的使用时间，优选为12小时，其有益效果是让使用者暂时脱离体外发送电力装置，可以轻松和正常人一样生活，如游泳、户外运动，不需要携行其他辅助设备，只靠内置电池供电即可。Preferably, the built-in rechargeable battery has a service time of not less than 8 hours, preferably 12 hours, when the charging is interrupted. The beneficial effect is that the user can temporarily leave the power transmission device outside the body, and can easily live like a normal person , such as swimming and outdoor sports, do not need to carry other auxiliary equipment, only rely on the built-in battery for power supply.
优选地，所述智能感应芯片能监测到微型电动机的运行状态，并能将该运行状态信息通过无线信号适时传输到体外监测显示屏上。Preferably, the smart sensing chip can monitor the running state of the micro-motor, and can transmit the running state information to the external monitoring display screen in time through wireless signals.
可选地，智能感应芯片包括内置智能感应芯片和外置接收信号智能芯片。内置智能感应芯片可以监测包括但不限于内置电池的电量、活塞运动的频率、心室软囊内的压力以及正在运转的微型电动机工作状态及编号，并能智能指令两个微型发动机变换交替工作。内置智能感应芯片还需要适时将信号传输到外置接收信号智能芯片上，并在体外监测显示屏上显现出来，以提醒使用者注意充电或能及时安全到达医院去排除故障。Optionally, the intelligent sensing chip includes a built-in intelligent sensing chip and an external signal receiving intelligent chip. The built-in intelligent sensor chip can monitor including but not limited to the power of the built-in battery, the frequency of piston movement, the pressure in the ventricular pouch, and the working status and number of the running micro-motor, and can intelligently command the two micro-motors to work alternately. The built-in smart sensor chip also needs to transmit the signal to the external receiving signal smart chip in a timely manner, and display it on the external monitoring display screen to remind the user to pay attention to charging or to arrive at the hospital in time to troubleshoot safely.
优选地，在人体外部还对应设置有一件背心或腰带，在背心或腰带上仍设置有发送电力的线圈、外置充电电池、智能感应芯片及预警显示器。这是本申请较优选的方案，也是为了保证人工全心脏运行设备及整个人工机械心脏的小型化。Preferably, a vest or belt is correspondingly arranged outside the human body, and a coil for transmitting power, an external rechargeable battery, an intelligent sensor chip and an early warning display are still arranged on the vest or the belt. This is a more preferred solution in this application, and it is also to ensure the miniaturization of the artificial whole heart operating equipment and the entire artificial mechanical heart.
优选地，背心和腰带类似携行装备穿戴方便，并应让人体内的电子设备和人体外的电子设备对应，以使双方更靠近，以可更有效传输感应信号，更近距离给体内电池进行无线充电和更有效地传递内外感应信息。Preferably, the vest and the belt are similar to portable equipment that are easy to wear, and should allow the electronic equipment in the body to correspond to the electronic equipment outside the human body, so that the two sides can be closer, so that the induction signal can be transmitted more effectively, and the battery in the body can be wirelessly charged at a closer distance. Recharges and transmits inner and outer sensory information more effectively.
优选地，因内置充电电池和内置感应芯片的存在，使用者在需要时可以暂时脱离体外携行装备，如睡觉、游泳等完全不受脱离装备的影响。Preferably, due to the presence of the built-in rechargeable battery and the built-in sensor chip, the user can temporarily disengage from the portable equipment outside the body when needed, such as sleeping, swimming, etc., are not affected by the disengagement equipment at all.
需要说明的是，人工全心脏运行设备内部的智能感应芯片是信息控制单元处理器，它将内置智能芯片及传感器，感应到的内置充电电池的电量、微型发动机的转速情况以及心室软囊的内空间压力信号和人体运动的快慢状况及肺的呼吸快慢状况做分析处理，可随时指示调节电机及曲轴转速的快慢，如从每分钟60转调整到70转……80转……120转不等，以适应人体的供血量需求。It should be noted that the intelligent sensing chip inside the artificial whole heart operating device is an information control unit processor, which will have a built-in intelligent chip and sensors, and sense the power of the built-in rechargeable battery, the speed of the micro-engine and the internal pressure of the ventricular pouch. Analyze and process the space pressure signal, the speed of human body movement and the breathing speed of the lungs, and can instruct and adjust the speed of the motor and crankshaft speed at any time, such as adjusting from 60 rpm to 70 rpm...80 rpm...120 rpm. , to meet the blood supply demand of the human body.
优选地，内置感应智能芯片可以自动监测、分析及智能化处理人工全心脏运行设备的工作。当智能芯片传感器监测到人体肺部及人体运动的快慢，可结合智能芯片中预存的使用者的体重、性别、血压、体脂等数据推算出应该供给的血液量后，智能芯片就会适时指令微型电动机改变转速，从而改变心室软囊的运行频率，改变血液在人体内的循环速度。Preferably, the built-in sensing smart chip can automatically monitor, analyze and intelligently process the work of the artificial whole heart operation device. When the smart chip sensor monitors the speed of human lungs and human body movement, it can combine the user's weight, gender, blood pressure, body fat and other data stored in the smart chip to calculate the amount of blood that should be supplied, and the smart chip will give timely instructions The micro-motor changes the rotating speed, thereby changing the operating frequency of the ventricular soft sac and changing the blood circulation speed in the human body.
优选地，所述智能感应芯片根据性别、体重及身体对供血需求的不同予以设置微型电动机不同的初始转速，并可感应使用者身体运动的快慢而调整转速：Preferably, the smart sensing chip sets different initial rotation speeds of the micro-motor according to gender, body weight and blood supply requirements of the body, and can adjust the rotation speed by sensing the speed of the user's body movement:
如50公斤的成年女性或60公斤的成年男性，静态时以心脏每分钟跳动60次，并以心脏每分钟泵血75毫升计算，一分钟时间约有4500毫升的血液被泵出心脏，送往人体各部位。微型发动机带动活塞每分钟运动的次数即为60次。当然不同体重的个体，其心脏每分钟的泵血量是不一样的，体重越大，心脏每分钟的输血量越多，而这些都可以在使用者进行手术前予以设置。如将曲轴转速根据男女及体重的不同(或根据使用者之前健康时，其心脏在静态时和动态时每分钟的供血量进行参考)来设置初始转速，50公斤以下的成年女性和60公斤以下的成年男性，其每分钟的初始转速为60次。往上每增加一公斤体重，则增加转速一转，即女性80公斤、男性90公斤时，曲轴转速为每分钟90转，这是为术前不同体重的男女设置的初始转速；在设备安装使用后，也是他们在静态时的转速(即心跳速度)。注：本申请设备设计的每次泵血量为75毫升。当内置智能感应芯片及传感器感应到其肺部呼吸加速或人身体运动时，并根据其加快的频率和运动快慢指示电机转速加快(即从初始时的60次逐渐增加最高可达120次；……初始时90次的，逐渐增加最高可达150次)或减慢转速(即从最高120次或150的，逐渐降低至60次或90次)，从而以达到模拟人体心脏运行的规律及目的。同时，一个型号规格的产品，还解决了不同体重男女患者的适配问题，使本申请更符合人体及人性需求。For example, for an adult woman weighing 50 kilograms or an adult man weighing 60 kilograms, if the heart beats 60 times per minute at rest, and the heart pumps blood at 75 milliliters per minute, about 4500 milliliters of blood is pumped out of the heart in one minute and sent to the various parts of the human body. The micro-engine drives the piston to move 60 times per minute. Of course, individuals with different weights have different heart pumping volumes per minute. The greater the weight, the more blood transfusions per minute, and these can be set before the user performs the operation. For example, the crankshaft speed is set according to the difference between men and women and body weight (or according to the blood supply per minute of the heart at rest and dynamic time when the user was healthy before) to set the initial speed, adult women under 50 kg and 60 kg For adult males below, the initial speed is 60 beats per minute. For every additional kilogram of body weight, increase the rotation speed by one rotation, that is, when the female is 80 kg and the male is 90 kg, the crankshaft rotation speed is 90 rotations per minute. This is the initial rotation speed set for men and women of different weights before surgery; Finally, it is also their rotational speed (ie heart rate) at rest. Note: The blood volume of each pump designed for this application is 75 ml. When the built-in intelligent sensing chip and sensor sense the accelerated breathing of the lungs or the movement of the human body, it will instruct the motor to speed up according to the accelerated frequency and the speed of the movement (that is, gradually increase from the initial 60 times to a maximum of 120 times;… …initially 90 times, gradually increase up to 150 times) or slow down the speed (from the highest 120 or 150, gradually reduce to 60 or 90 times), so as to achieve the law and purpose of simulating the human heart operation . At the same time, a product with one model specification also solves the problem of adaptation for male and female patients of different weights, making this application more in line with human body and human needs.
本申请的有益效果：The beneficial effect of this application:
1、在活塞与缸体内壁之间留有距离空间，使该距离空间足以容纳心室软囊的折弯厚度，从而不会让心室软囊和缸体内壁产生摩擦，增加了心室软囊的使用寿命，杜绝了因摩擦而发生事故的概率，并使其能够更顺畅地运行。1. There is a distance space between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder, so that the distance space is enough to accommodate the bending thickness of the ventricular soft sac, so that there will be no friction between the ventricular soft sac and the inner wall of the cylinder, and the use of the ventricular soft sac will be increased. Life, eliminate the probability of accidents due to friction, and make it run more smoothly.
2、将曲轴的曲弯采用反向设计，解决了人工机械心脏缸体内部活塞在做功时产生的压力平衡问题，即当反向曲轴通过连杆带动左右活塞做一正一反运动时，一边活塞上升，另一边活塞就下降；这样设计的目的保持了缸体内活塞下部空间的体积总量恒定不变，不用在外壳上设置排气和吸气孔，使本申请完全予以密封，不与人体胸腔及内脏发生任何气动干涉，更具有安全性。2. The bending of the crankshaft is designed in reverse, which solves the problem of pressure balance generated by the pistons in the cylinder of the artificial mechanical heart, that is, when the reverse crankshaft drives the left and right pistons through the connecting rod to move forward and backward, one side When the piston rises, the piston on the other side falls; the purpose of this design keeps the total volume of the space under the piston in the cylinder constant, and there is no need to arrange exhaust and suction holes on the shell, so that the application is completely sealed and does not Any pneumatic interference in the human thorax and internal organs is more secure.
3、本申请在人造血管上设置有转接头，该转接头的设计目的可更方便、快捷更换人工机械心脏，减少手术时间，更有效地保障了病人生命安全。3. In this application, an adapter is provided on the artificial blood vessel. The purpose of the adapter is to more conveniently and quickly replace the artificial mechanical heart, reduce the operation time, and more effectively guarantee the safety of the patient's life.
4、本申请在曲轴两端设置了单向轴承，优良地解决了左右两个微型电动机一个做功，另一个备用倒休的问题，使本申请更具有了安全性及耐久性。4. This application is provided with one-way bearings at both ends of the crankshaft, which perfectly solves the problem that one of the left and right micro-motors does work, and the other spares to rest, making this application more secure and durable.
5、本申请的智能感应芯片根据男女及体重的不同，设计出了不同的初始速度，使本申请即使只有一个规格的产品，也可以适合所有患者，更符合了人体及人性需求。5. The intelligent sensor chip of this application is designed with different initial speeds according to the difference of men and women and body weight, so that even if there is only one product of this application, it can be suitable for all patients, and it is more in line with the human body and human needs.
6、本申请采用的设计思路及运行原理，使其外型尺寸做到了与人体心脏尺寸一样大小，并使其运行模式也做到了与人体心脏一样的脉动及运行效果；这是及其难能可贵和绝无仅有的重大创造。6. The design idea and operating principle adopted in this application make its appearance the same size as the human heart, and its operating mode achieve the same pulsation and operation effect as the human heart; this is extremely rare and A unique and significant creation.
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得通俗，或通过本申请的实践更方便予以了解。Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the following description, and some will become obvious from the following description, or be more easily understood through the practice of the present application.
附图说明Description of drawings
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:
图1人工全心脏运行设备运行至顶(底)示意图；Fig. 1 schematic diagram of the operation of the artificial whole heart operation equipment to the top (bottom);
图2人工全心脏运行设备运行中示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the artificial whole heart operating equipment in operation;
图3人工全心脏运行设备运行至底(顶)示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the artificial whole heart operation equipment running to the bottom (top);
图4人工全心脏运行设备与顶盖示意图；Fig. 4 schematic diagram of artificial whole heart operating equipment and top cover;
图5外壳与心室软囊顶盖示意图；Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the shell and the cap of the ventricular soft sac;
图6人工全心脏运行设备活塞与曲轴示意图A；Fig. 6 schematic diagram A of piston and crankshaft of artificial whole heart operation equipment;
图7人工全心脏运行设备活塞与曲轴示意图B；Fig. 7 Schematic diagram B of the piston and crankshaft of the artificial whole heart operation equipment;
图8人工全心脏运行设备心室软囊常态示意图；Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the normal state of the ventricular soft sac of the artificial whole heart operating device;
图9人工全心脏运行设备心室软囊示意图A；Fig. 9 schematic diagram A of the ventricular soft capsule of the artificial whole heart operating device;
图10人工全心脏运行设备心室软囊示意图B；Fig. 10 Schematic diagram B of the ventricular soft capsule of the artificial whole heart operating device;
图11人工全心脏运行设备微型电动机及齿轮示意图；Fig. 11 Schematic diagram of micro-motors and gears of artificial whole heart operating equipment;
图12人工全心脏运行设备心室软囊顶盖示意图；Fig. 12 Schematic diagram of the cap of the ventricular soft capsule of the artificial whole heart operating device;
图13人工全心脏运行设备剖立面示意图；Fig. 13 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional elevation of the artificial whole heart operating equipment;
图14人工全心脏运行设备外置背心示意图。Fig. 14 Schematic diagram of the external vest of the artificial whole heart operation equipment.
附图标记说明：Explanation of reference signs:
1外壳1 shell
2微型电动机2 micro motors
3微型电动机齿轮3 micro motor gears
4轴承齿轮4 bearing gear
5曲轴5 crankshaft
6连杆6 link
7活塞侧板7 piston side plate
7-A活塞顶板7-A piston top plate
8缸体8 cylinders
9-A右心室软囊9-A Right Ventricular Capsule
9-B左心室软囊9-B Left Ventricular Soft Capsule
10-A右心室10-A right ventricle
10-B左心室10-B left ventricle
11上下腔总静脉血管11 superior and inferior common vena cava vessels
12左右肺总动脉血管12 left and right common pulmonary arteries
13左右肺总静脉血管13 or so common pulmonary veins
14总动脉血管14 common arteries
15进向瓣门15 into the valve door
16出向瓣门16 out to flap door
17血管转接头17 vessel adapter
18右心室活塞侧板与缸体的距离空间18 The distance between the piston side plate of the right ventricle and the cylinder body
19左心室活塞侧板与缸体的距离空间19 The distance between the piston side plate of the left ventricle and the cylinder body
20心室软囊被活塞顶板推进即形成U型20 The ventricular soft sac is pushed by the top plate of the piston to form a U shape
21外壳接头21 shell connector
22左右心室软囊顶盖22 left and right ventricle soft sac roof
23无线充电接收线圈及智能感应芯片23 Wireless charging receiving coil and smart sensor chip
24内置充电电池24 built-in rechargeable batteries
25无线发送电源电路板25 wireless transmission power circuit board
26智能感应芯片及控制器26 Intelligent sensor chip and controller
27外置监测预警指示灯27 External monitoring warning indicator light
28外置充电电池28 external rechargeable batteries
29单向轴承29 one-way bearing
30正常双向轴承30 normal two-way bearing
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary, and are only for explaining the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of this application.
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。此外，说明书以及权利要求中“和/或”表示所连接对象的至少其中之一，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。The features of the terms "first" and "second" in the description and claims of the present application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more. In addition, "and/or" in the specification and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character "/" generally means that the related objects are an "or" relationship.
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的设备或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Back", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axial", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the referred device or element Must be in a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected; it may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it may be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.
参见图1至图14，本申请实施例提供的人工全心脏运行设备。所述人工全心脏运行设备包括外壳1、微型电动机2、微型电动机齿轮3、轴承齿轮4、曲轴5、连杆6、活塞侧板7、活塞顶板7-A、缸体8、右心室软囊9-A、左心室软囊9-B、右心室10-A、左心室10-B、上下腔总静脉血管11、左右肺总动脉血管12、左右肺总静脉血管13、总动脉血管14(人造血管包括上下腔总静脉血管11、左右肺总动脉血管12、左右肺总静脉血管13和总动脉血管14)、进向瓣门15、出向瓣门16、血管转接头17、右心室活塞侧板与缸体的距离空间18、左心室活塞侧板与缸体的距离空间19、心室软囊被活塞顶板推进即形成U型20、外壳接头21、左右心室软囊顶盖22、无线充电接收线圈及智能感应芯片23、内置充电电池24、无线发送电源电路板25(也可称为发送电力的线圈)、智能感应芯片及控制器26、外置监测预警指示灯27(也可称为预警显示器)、外置充电电池28、单向轴承29、正常双向轴承30。Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 14 , the artificial whole heart operating device provided by the embodiment of the present application. The artificial whole heart operating equipment includes a shell 1, a micromotor 2, a micromotor gear 3, a bearing gear 4, a crankshaft 5, a connecting rod 6, a piston side plate 7, a piston top plate 7-A, a cylinder body 8, and a right ventricular capsule 9-A, left ventricle capsule 9-B, right ventricle 10-A, left ventricle 10-B, superior and inferior common vena cava 11, left and right common pulmonary arteries 12, left and right common pulmonary veins 13, common arteries 14 ( The artificial blood vessel includes the upper and lower common vena cava 11, the left and right common pulmonary arteries 12, the left and right common pulmonary veins 13 and the common arteries 14), the incoming valve door 15, the outgoing valve door 16, the blood vessel adapter 17, and the piston side of the right ventricle The distance space between the plate and the cylinder body 18, the distance space between the piston side plate of the left ventricle and the cylinder body 19, the ventricle soft capsule is pushed by the piston top plate to form a U-shape 20, the shell joint 21, the left and right ventricle soft capsule top covers 22, wireless charging receiver Coil and intelligent induction chip 23, built-in rechargeable battery 24, wireless transmission power supply circuit board 25 (also can be referred to as the coil of sending electric power), intelligent induction chip and controller 26, external monitoring warning light 27 (also can be referred to as early warning Display), external rechargeable battery 28, one-way bearing 29, normal two-way bearing 30.
参见图1至图3，此图组示例了人工全心脏运行设备的运动流程：需要说明的是，右心室软囊9-A被活塞拉扯舒张开的内空间即为右心室，左心室软囊9-B被活塞拉扯舒张开的内空间即为左心室。Refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, this group of diagrams illustrates the motion flow of the artificial whole heart operating device: It should be noted that the inner space of the soft sac 9-A of the right ventricle is the right ventricle, and the soft sac 9-A of the left ventricle is the right ventricle. The inner space of sac 9-B pulled by the piston to dilate is the left ventricle.
图1所示为人工全心脏运行设备运行至顶(底)示意图，从图中可以看到在外壳1内并列设置了左右两个缸体(所述左右两个缸体8包括左侧缸体和右侧缸体)，左右两个缸体内部各有一活塞(活塞包括活塞顶板和设于活塞顶板外沿的活塞侧板)推动左、右两个心室软囊(左心室软囊9-B和右心室软囊9-A简称为左、右两个心室软囊)做功。其中，左侧缸体内的右心室软囊9-A底部和活塞顶板7-A(参见图1、图6)连接在一起，由活塞牵引运行至缸体8内的下端，于是在活塞顶部软囊内形成了中空，此中空位置即为右心室10-A，此时，左侧缸体内活塞下端和缸体8之间已经基本没有了空间。Fig. 1 shows that the artificial whole heart operation equipment runs to the top (bottom) schematic diagram, can be seen from the figure two left and right cylinders are arranged side by side in the shell 1 (the two left and
继续参见图1、图6，右侧缸体内的左心室软囊9-B和活塞顶板7-B连接在一起，左心室软囊9-B同时被活塞推进运行至缸体8内的上端，左心室软囊9-B被折弯成U型，左心室软囊9-B的内空间被压缩，即左心室10-B被压缩，因总动脉血管14通过出向瓣门16与左心室连通，所以血液通过出向瓣门16被泵出并送到总动脉血管14，并在右侧缸体内活塞下面形成了最大的空间。Continue to refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 6, the left ventricular soft sac 9-B in the right cylinder is connected with the piston top plate 7-B, and the left ventricular soft sac 9-B is pushed by the piston to run to the upper end of the
图2为人工全心脏运行设备运行中示意图，右心室软囊9-A在缸体8内向上运行一部分的距离，同样的，左心室软囊9-B在缸体8内向下运行了一部分距离。进一步说明了，虽然左右两个缸体下部体积都有变化，但左右两个缸体空间体积总和都不会变化，始终保持恒定。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the artificial whole heart operation equipment, the right ventricular soft sac 9-A runs a part of the distance upward in the
图3为人工全心脏运行设备运行至底(顶)示意图，其中，右心室软囊9-A由活塞推进运行至缸体8内的上端，因人体左右肺总动脉血管12通过出向瓣门16和右心室连通，所以右心室内的血液通过出向瓣门16被泵出送到人体左右肺总动脉血管12，并在左侧缸体内活塞下面形成了最大空间。同时左心室软囊9-B被活塞牵引运行至缸体8内的下端，左心室软囊9-B内部空间扩张，此扩张后的空间位置即为左心室10-B，并同时吸进左右肺总静脉血管13中的血液。此时，右侧缸体内活塞下端已经基本没有了空间。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the artificial whole heart operation equipment to the bottom (top), wherein the right ventricular soft sac 9-A is pushed by the piston to the upper end of the
参见图1至图3，还可以看到，左右两个缸体下面是互通的，左右两个缸体内的活塞通过连杆6串联在同一根反向曲轴上，即左侧缸体内的活塞向下拉扯舒张右心室软囊9-A时，会在左侧活塞下面形成正压，而同时右侧缸体内的活塞却会反方向向上压缩左心室软囊9-B，又会在右侧活塞下面形成负压。通俗一点说明，即一个缸体的活塞下面空间被逐步压缩时，则另一个缸体的活塞下面空间一定是被逐步扩大，两个缸体之间通过交换空间，实现了压力平衡。Referring to Figures 1 to 3, it can also be seen that the bottoms of the left and right cylinders are interconnected, and the pistons in the left and right cylinders are connected in series on the same reverse crankshaft through the connecting
依照本实施例技术，人工机械心脏完全可以封闭封装，不需要在底部打孔排气，实现了不与壳体外的人体产生任何气动干涉。According to the technology of this embodiment, the artificial mechanical heart can be completely sealed and packaged, and there is no need to punch holes at the bottom to exhaust air, so that no aerodynamic interference with the human body outside the casing is realized.
参见图4，为本申请人工全心脏运行设备与顶盖示意图。该设备分内外两部分，内部包含两个微型电动机2、两个微型电动机齿轮3、两个轴承齿轮4、曲轴5、连杆6、两个活塞侧板7、两个活塞顶板7-A、缸体8、右心室软囊9-A、左心室软囊9-B、右心室10-A、左心室10-B，无线充电接收电圈及智能感应芯片23，内置充电电池24，该部分设备封闭安装在外壳1内。Referring to FIG. 4 , it is a schematic diagram of the artificial whole heart operating device and the top cover of the present application. The equipment is divided into two parts, inside and outside, which contains two
而外部的主要设备集中设置在设备的顶盖(指左右心室软囊顶盖)上，外部的主要设备包含有上下腔总静脉血管11、左右肺总动脉血管12、左右肺总静脉血管13、总动脉血管14、进向瓣门15、出向瓣门16、血管转接头17。The external main equipment is concentrated on the top cover of the equipment (referring to the top cover of the left and right ventricular soft sac), and the external main equipment includes the upper and lower common
所述人工全心脏运行设备还包括智能感应芯片、无线充电接收线圈和内置充电电池，智能感应芯片分别与无线充电接收线圈和内置充电电池24电连接，无线充电接收线圈(图中无线充电接收线圈和智能感应芯片集成在一处，无线充电接收线圈及智能感应芯片23应理解为无线充电接收线圈和智能感应芯片)用于给内置充电电池24充电，内置充电电池24与微型电动机2电连接，内置充电电池24用于给微型电动机2供电。微型电动机2与微型电动机齿轮3固定连接，微型电动机齿轮3和轴承齿轮4啮合，轴承齿轮4通过单向轴承29与曲轴5的两个端部固定连接。在微型电动机2的驱动下，通过曲轴5带动右心室软囊9-A和左心室软囊9-B的体积朝相反方向变化，且右心室软囊9-A和左心室软囊9-B的体积变化量相等，从而解决了本申请设备的压力平衡问题。The artificial whole heart operating device also includes an intelligent induction chip, a wireless charging receiving coil and a built-in rechargeable battery, the intelligent induction chip is electrically connected with the wireless charging receiving coil and the built-in
参见图4、图6，左侧缸体内的右心室软囊9-A是在缸体8的内部，并和活塞顶板7-A粘连贴合接在一起，由活塞推动做上下运动。在活塞侧板7和缸体8之间有空间距离，该距离的宽度应超过右心室软囊9-A折叠为U型后的厚度。同理，右侧缸体内的左心室软囊和活塞以及活塞侧板的构造一样。Referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 6, the right ventricular soft sac 9-A in the left cylinder body is inside the
本申请设备的动力源是微型电动机2，微型电动机2带动微型电动机齿轮3，微型电动机齿轮3传动轴承齿轮4，轴承齿轮4带动单向轴承29转动，单向轴承29再带动曲轴5，曲轴5的弯曲部分转动时，带动活塞连杆6上下运动，连杆6又和活塞底部相连，整套联动装置最终将微型电动机的做功传动到了活塞顶部，推动活塞顶部的心室软囊舒张和收缩，产生负压和正压的效果，以实现吸入和压出血液的功能，即模拟了人体心脏心室收缩和扩张挤压血液的功能。The power source of the equipment of the present application is a
需要说明的是，上述提到的单向轴承29，动力只能使它朝一个方向转动，朝相反方向则会打滑不会转动。所以，当曲轴一端的轴承转动时，另一端的轴承则不会转动，只有曲轴在转动，更不会带动另一端的轴承齿轮转，即不会联动另一台备用微型电动机，实现了一台微型电动机工作，另一台微型电动机待机备用的目的。It should be noted that, for the one-
特别提示，上述曲轴为反向曲轴，即曲轴两个连接活塞连杆的部分呈反方向对称弯曲，所以，当曲轴转动时，曲轴弯曲的部分带动两根连杆推动活塞的运动方向是相反的。即左侧缸体内的活塞如果向上运动，则右侧缸体内的活塞必然向下运动。In particular, the crankshaft mentioned above is a reverse crankshaft, that is, the two parts of the crankshaft connected to the piston and connecting rod are symmetrically bent in opposite directions. Therefore, when the crankshaft rotates, the bent part of the crankshaft drives the two connecting rods to push the piston to move in the opposite direction. . That is, if the piston in the left cylinder moves upward, the piston in the right cylinder must move downward.
还需要说明的是，在缸体下端只是左右两侧与微型电动机齿轮连接的轴承才是单向轴承，并且左右两端反向安装，其他均为正常双向轴承，如轴承30。It should also be noted that only the left and right sides of the lower end of the cylinder block are connected to the micro-motor gear and are one-way bearings, and the left and right ends are reversely installed, and the others are normal two-way bearings, such as the
继续参见图4，在顶盖上，设置包含一组人工主血管(也可以称为人造血管)，其中左侧右心室顶盖上面的两根主血管为上下腔总静脉血管11、左右肺总动脉血管12；在右侧左心室顶盖上面的两个主血管为左右肺总静脉血管13、总动脉血管14。并所有从血管通向心室的瓣门为进向瓣门15，所有自心室通向血管的瓣门为出向瓣门16。Continuing to refer to Fig. 4, on the top cover, a set of artificial main blood vessels (also called artificial blood vessels) is arranged, wherein the two main blood vessels above the top cover of the left right ventricle are the upper and lower common
下面陈述心室软囊装置的工作原理，参见图1、图2、图3、图4，以右心室的工作为例：当左侧缸体内的活塞向下运行，会向下拉扯舒张右心室软囊9-A，即扩大了右心室10-A，右心室10-A在扩大的过程中，会在其内空间形成负压，负压会通过进向瓣门15将上下腔总静脉血管11内的血液吸入右心室10A内，形成了人体血液循环的第一行程，即静脉血液从人体到心脏的过程。当左侧缸体内同一活塞向上运行，会压缩右心室软囊9-A，即压缩了右心室10-A，右心室10-A在被压缩的过程中，会在其内空间形成正压，正压会通过出向瓣门16将右心室10-A内的血液挤压进左右肺总动脉血管12里，进一步流进肺部，这就完成了人体血液循环的第二行程，即静脉血液从心脏到肺部的过程。相同的原理，右侧缸体内的活塞在往下运行时，会拉扯舒张左心室软囊9-B，即扩大了左心室10-B，在左心室10-B的内空间形成负压，负压会通过进向瓣门将左右肺总静脉血管13内的血液吸入左心室10-B内，形成了人体血液循环的第三行程，即肺部新鲜的血液流向心脏。当右侧缸体内同一活塞向上运行，会压缩左心室10-B的内空间，在左心室10-B内部形成正压，正压会将左心室10-B内的血液挤压进总动脉血管14，从而完成了人体血液循环的第四行程，即新鲜血液从心脏到人体的过程。The working principle of the ventricular soft sac device is described below, see Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, and Figure 4, taking the work of the right ventricle as an example: when the piston in the left cylinder moves downward, it will pull down the diastolic right ventricle The soft capsule 9-A expands the right ventricle 10-A. During the expansion process of the right ventricle 10-A, a negative pressure will be formed in the inner space of the right ventricle. The blood in 11 is inhaled into the right ventricle 10A, forming the first stroke of human blood circulation, that is, the process of venous blood from the human body to the heart. When the same piston in the left cylinder moves upwards, it will compress the soft sac 9-A of the right ventricle, that is, compress the right ventricle 10-A. During the process of being compressed, the right ventricle 10-A will form a positive pressure in its inner space , the positive pressure will squeeze the blood in the right ventricle 10-A into the left and right common
还需要说明，在生产制定时，心室软囊应为柔软、高耐磨、抗折叠、不起皱纹产品，并所有与血液接触的部件表面，都应采用不沾水材料和生物相容材料制作或进行涂层，以防止血液在其表面粘附及生长血栓。It should also be noted that during production and formulation, the ventricular soft sac should be soft, highly wear-resistant, anti-folding, and wrinkle-free, and the surface of all parts in contact with blood should be made of non-wetting materials and biocompatible materials Or coating to prevent blood from adhering and thrombus growing on its surface.
参见图5，为人工全心脏运行设备外壳与心室软囊顶盖示意图，如图所示，在顶盖上端，各主血管靠近顶盖的地方有血管转接头17，血管转接头17的作用是可以快速拆卸本申请设备，减少手术时间。左右心室软囊的上部边沿是用顶盖压住予以密封。在外壳和底盖的连接处设置有外壳接头21，通过拆卸该接头，可以打开底盖，从而方便安装及检视缸体内部活塞、轴承等部件。Referring to Figure 5, it is a schematic diagram of the shell of the artificial whole heart operation equipment and the top cover of the ventricular soft bag. As shown in the figure, at the upper end of the top cover, there is a
参见图6，为人工全心脏运行设备活塞与曲轴A示意图，图示清晰地表明了曲轴两端的轴承为单向轴承29，而中间的轴承则为双向轴承30，同时还可以看到两个连接活塞连杆的弯曲部分呈反方向对称设置，当左侧曲轴向下呈凹陷状态时，连杆连接的左侧活塞将把右心室软囊9-A拉至最底端。同时，右侧曲轴必然呈向上凸起状态，这时，连杆连接的右侧活塞将把左心室软囊9-B推至最顶端。Referring to Figure 6, it is a schematic diagram of the piston and crankshaft A of the artificial whole heart operation equipment. The diagram clearly shows that the bearings at both ends of the crankshaft are one-
参见图7，为人工全心脏运行设备活塞与曲轴B示意图，为图6的反向做功。Referring to FIG. 7 , it is a schematic diagram of the piston and crankshaft B of the artificial whole heart operation equipment, which is the reverse work of FIG. 6 .
参见图8，为人工全心脏运行设备心室软囊常态示意图，右心室软囊9-A和左心室软囊9-B都是软性材料，可以被反复折叠，其常态为凹型状。See Fig. 8, which is a schematic diagram of the normal state of the ventricular soft sac of the artificial whole heart operation equipment. The right ventricular soft sac 9-A and the left ventricular soft sac 9-B are soft materials, which can be folded repeatedly, and their normal state is concave.
参见图9，图10，为人工全心脏运行设备心室软囊运行示意图，当左侧缸体内的活塞向上运行时，会将右心室软囊9-A的中心部分面积向上顶起，形成外凸状，但右心室软囊9-A侧面靠缸体的部分面积则被活塞顶板推进挤压以形成U型20，说明右心室软囊9-A的部分面积在活塞侧板和缸体之间折弯，折弯的宽度至少大于两个右心室软囊9-A的厚度，此设计的目的是减少折叠面之间的摩擦。同样的原理，右侧缸体内的左心室软囊9-B在被右侧缸体内的活塞顶起后，其边沿部分也需要在活塞侧板和右侧缸体之间折弯成U型，该折弯空间的宽度至少大于两个左心室软囊9-B的厚度。See Figure 9 and Figure 10, which are schematic diagrams of the operation of the ventricular soft sac of the artificial whole heart operating equipment. When the piston in the left cylinder moves upward, the central part of the right ventricular soft sac 9-A will be pushed up to form an external Convex, but part of the area of the right ventricular soft sac 9-A close to the cylinder is pushed and squeezed by the piston top plate to form a U-shaped 20, indicating that part of the area of the right ventricular soft sac 9-A is between the piston side plate and the cylinder The width of the bend is at least greater than the thickness of the two right ventricular soft capsules 9-A. The purpose of this design is to reduce the friction between the folded surfaces. In the same principle, after the left ventricular soft sac 9-B in the right cylinder is pushed up by the piston in the right cylinder, its edge part also needs to be bent into a U between the piston side plate and the right cylinder. type, the width of the bending space is at least greater than the thickness of the two left ventricular soft sacs 9-B.
参见图11，为人工全心脏运行设备微型电动机及齿轮示意图，其微型电动机2转动做功，把产生的动能通过微型电动机齿轮3传出，具体做功方式不在此赘述。Referring to Fig. 11 , it is a schematic diagram of the micromotor and gears of the artificial whole heart operating equipment. The
参见图12，为人工全心脏运行设备心室软囊顶盖示意图，顶盖集成的人造主血管转接头以及控制血液流向的瓣门，其功能在前述已经阐释清楚，在此也不再赘述。Referring to Figure 12, it is a schematic diagram of the cap of the ventricular soft bag of the artificial whole heart operating equipment. The cap integrates the artificial main blood vessel adapter and the valve valve to control the flow of blood.
参见图13，为人工全心脏运行设备剖立面示意图，包括曲轴5和连杆的连接方式，可以看到活塞侧板7和缸体内壁的距离空间大于折弯后两个心室软囊皮的厚度。本图中还可以看到外壳和缸体之间的空隙处设置有无线充电接收线圈及智能感应芯片23和内置充电电池24。内置充电电池24和智能感应芯片内置于本申请设备内部，隔绝了这些电子元器件和人体的接触，有效保护了人体器官免受电子元器件的物理和化学伤害，也让电子元器件免受体液的侵蚀。同时，将无线充电接收线圈及智能感应芯片23和内置充电电池24设置在人体内部，可使本发明在安装后与体外不留下连接线路，更方便使用者工作、生活，也更符合人性需求。Referring to Figure 13, it is a schematic cut-away view of the operating equipment of the artificial whole heart, including the connection mode of the
参见图14，为人工全心脏运行设备外置背心示意图，由图示可以发现：无线发送电源电路板25、智能感应芯片及控制器26、外置监测预警指示灯27、外置充电电池28都装载在背心靠胸口的位置。外置背心只是一种设备携行装置，但它轻便且穿戴贴身，可以长期和人体内部的人工机械心脏保持稳定的联系，保持持续给内置电池充电，并适时监控电子信号。电子元器件设置在胸口位置，是为了缩短体内外的电子件感应距离，提升工作效率。Referring to Figure 14, it is a schematic diagram of the external vest of the artificial whole heart operation equipment. From the diagram, it can be found that: the wireless transmission
智能感应芯片及控制器26和外置监测预警指示灯27均与外置充电电池28电连接，外置充电电池28还与无线发送电源电路板25电连接，用于给无线发送电源电路板25充电。无线发送电源电路板25与无线充电接收线圈及智能感应芯片23无线连接，无线发送电源电路板25用于给无线充电接收线圈及智能感应芯片23供电。The smart sensor chip and
需要说明的是，无线充电接收线圈及智能感应芯片23是监测和处理人工全心脏运行设备的处理器，可以在脱离体外携行装备的情况下独立工作一段时间。It should be noted that the wireless charging receiving coil and the
需要说明的是，本申请所示图例只是为了方便理解，在实际制造及使用中，图例中的各部件位置、形状以及尺寸大小和比例等，在制造时还应根据实际需要进行调整；例如(但并不限于)主血管的粗细及其排列位置，进向瓣门和出向瓣门的形状、大小及其位置，心房、心室和心室软囊大小及其位置比例等。It should be noted that the illustrations shown in this application are only for the convenience of understanding. In actual manufacture and use, the positions, shapes, sizes and ratios of the components in the illustrations should be adjusted according to actual needs during manufacture; for example ( But not limited to) the thickness and arrangement of the main blood vessels, the shape, size and position of the incoming valve door and the outgoing valve door, the size and position ratio of the atrium, ventricle and ventricular soft sac, etc.
以上所述的是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出对于本技术领域的普通人员来说，在不脱离本发明所述的原理前提下还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也在本发明的保护范围内。What has been described above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles described in the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also described in within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115779256A (en)* | 2022-11-18 | 2023-03-14 | 新疆天地集团有限公司 | artificial bionic heart |
| CN116077824A (en)* | 2023-01-18 | 2023-05-09 | 新疆天地集团有限公司 | Bionic heart system and implementation method thereof |
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