CN115311904A - A method and device for comprehensive identification of aerial targets based on dynamic reasoning modeling - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及目标识别技术领域，特别是一种基于动态推理建模的空中目标综合识别方法和装置。The invention relates to the technical field of target recognition, in particular to a method and device for comprehensive recognition of air targets based on dynamic reasoning and modeling.
背景技术Background technique
协作式识别系统采用询问应答方式，在我方的飞机平台上加装应答机，当我方雷达探测到空中目标时，其配套的识别询问器向目标发出询问信号，若该空中目标的应答机会对询问信号解码并自动发回应答信号，询问机对应答信号解码后输出识别标志和编号、高度、呼救信号等送给雷达显示终端，确认为我方目标。当空中目标无约定的识别信号时，系统判定其为非我方目标，但不能区分他方目标，且由于协作式识别系统存在串扰、混扰、旁瓣询问等技术问题，会导致识别概率降低，容易遭干扰和欺骗。The collaborative identification system adopts an inquiry and response method. A transponder is installed on our aircraft platform. When our radar detects an air target, its matching identification interrogator sends an inquiry signal to the target. If the air target has a chance to respond Decode the interrogation signal and automatically send back a response signal. After decoding the response signal, the interrogator outputs the identification mark and serial number, height, and distress signal to the radar display terminal to confirm that it is our target. When the air target does not have an agreed identification signal, the system determines that it is not our target, but it cannot distinguish other targets, and due to technical problems such as crosstalk, confusion, and sidelobe inquiries in the cooperative identification system, the identification probability will be reduced. Easily distracted and deceived.
发明内容Contents of the invention
鉴于此，本发明提供一种基于动态推理建模的空中目标综合识别方法和装置，不仅能旁证协作式识别系统的我方目标，还可进一步区分非我方目标中的他方属性，有利于缩小非我方的识别范围，提高空中目标属性识别的准确性和识别概率。In view of this, the present invention provides a method and device for comprehensive recognition of air targets based on dynamic reasoning modeling, which can not only prove our own targets in the cooperative recognition system, but also further distinguish the attributes of other parties in non-our targets, which is conducive to narrowing down The identification range of non-our side improves the accuracy and identification probability of air target attribute identification.
本发明公开了一种基于动态推理建模的空中目标综合识别方法，包括：The invention discloses a method for comprehensive recognition of air targets based on dynamic reasoning and modeling, including:
步骤1：通过协作式识别系统、一次雷达、航管系统和通信数据链系统分别获取空中目标相关的信息；Step 1: Obtain air target-related information through the cooperative identification system, primary radar, air traffic management system and communication data link system;
步骤2：通过动态推理建模综合处理空中目标相关的信息，判断空中目标属性。Step 2: Comprehensively process the information related to the air target through dynamic reasoning modeling, and judge the attribute of the air target.
进一步地，在所述步骤2之前，所述方法还包括：Further, before the step 2, the method also includes:
以协作式识别系统的目标应答信息为主要判定要素，判定空中目标属性；当在缺少约定的目标应答信息的情况下，执行所述步骤2。Using the target response information of the cooperative identification system as the main determination element, determine the attribute of the air target; when there is no agreed target response information, perform the step 2.
进一步地，所述步骤1包括：Further, said step 1 includes:
通过协作式识别系统获取目标应答信号，通过一次雷达获取目标位置和运动信息，通过航管系统获取目标位置及属性信息，通过通信数据链系统获取指令和飞行计划；其中，所述目标应答信号、目标位置和运动信息、目标位置及属性信息构成空中目标的飞行空域信息。The target response signal is obtained through the cooperative identification system, the target position and movement information is obtained through the primary radar, the target position and attribute information is obtained through the air traffic management system, and the command and flight plan are obtained through the communication data link system; wherein, the target response signal, Target position and movement information, target position and attribute information constitute the flight airspace information of the air target.
进一步地，所述步骤2包括：Further, said step 2 includes:
根据空中目标发出的约定的识别应答信号和指令，判断空中目标属性；其中，所述空中目标属性为空中目标属于我方或他方；Judging the attribute of the air target according to the agreed identification response signal and instruction sent by the air target; wherein, the attribute of the air target is that the air target belongs to our party or another party;
根据指令和飞行计划，判断空中目标属性；According to the instruction and flight plan, judge the attribute of the air target;
根据飞行计划和飞行空域，判断空中目标属性。According to the flight plan and flight airspace, determine the attributes of air targets.
进一步地，所述根据空中目标发出的约定的识别应答信号和指令，判断空中目标属性，包括：Further, the judging the attribute of the air target according to the agreed identification response signal and instruction sent by the air target includes:
若协作式识别系统检测到识别应答信号，但指令指示空中目标为他方，则判定所述空中目标属于他方；If the cooperative identification system detects the identification response signal, but the instruction indicates that the air target belongs to another party, it is determined that the air target belongs to another party;
所述根据指令和飞行计划，判断空中目标属性，包括：According to the instructions and the flight plan, judging the attribute of the air target includes:
若指令对空中目标无指示，则需检测空中目标的飞行计划，对按照飞行计划飞行的空中目标，则判定所述空中目标属于我方；If the instruction does not indicate the air target, it is necessary to detect the flight plan of the air target, and for the air target flying according to the flight plan, it is determined that the air target belongs to our side;
若空中目标未按照飞行计划飞行，则需检测该空中目标所处的飞行空域，若该空中目标处于空中禁飞区域，则判定空中目标属于他方，否则判定空中目标为属性不明。If the air target does not fly according to the flight plan, it is necessary to detect the flying airspace where the air target is located. If the air target is in the no-fly area, it is determined that the air target belongs to another party, otherwise it is determined that the air target is unknown.
进一步地，所述根据空中目标发出的约定的识别应答信号和指令，判断空中目标属性，还包括：Further, the judging the attribute of the air target according to the agreed identification response signal and instruction sent by the air target also includes:
若协作式识别系统未检测到识别应答信号，但指令指示空中目标为我方，则判定所述空中目标属于我方；If the cooperative identification system does not detect the identification response signal, but the instruction indicates that the air target is our side, then it is determined that the air target belongs to our side;
所述根据指令和飞行计划，判断空中目标属性，包括：According to the instructions and the flight plan, judging the attribute of the air target includes:
若指令对空中目标无指示，则需检测空中目标的飞行计划，对未按照飞行计划飞行的空中目标，则判定所述空中目标属于他方；If the command does not indicate the air target, it is necessary to detect the flight plan of the air target, and for the air target that does not fly according to the flight plan, it is determined that the air target belongs to another party;
若空中目标按照飞行计划飞行，则需检测该空中目标所处的飞行空域，若该空中目标处于空中禁飞区域，则判定空中目标属于他方，否则判定空中目标为属性不明。If the air target flies according to the flight plan, it is necessary to detect the flying airspace where the air target is located. If the air target is in the air no-fly area, it is determined that the air target belongs to another party, otherwise it is determined that the air target is unknown.
本发明还公开了一种基于动态推理建模的空中目标综合识别装置，所述装置包括协作式识别系统、一次雷达、航管系统和通信数据链系统、融合处理设备，所述装置用于利用综合识别系统收集的各类传感器信号，通过综合识别系统的融合处理设备对各类信号进行综合识别，判定空中目标属性；The invention also discloses an air target comprehensive recognition device based on dynamic reasoning modeling, the device includes a collaborative recognition system, a primary radar, an air traffic control system, a communication data link system, and fusion processing equipment, and the device is used to utilize All kinds of sensor signals collected by the integrated identification system are comprehensively identified by the fusion processing equipment of the integrated identification system to determine the attributes of air targets;
所述协作式识别系统，用于获取目标应答信号；The cooperative identification system is used to acquire target response signals;
所述航管系统，用于获取目标位置及属性信息；The air traffic management system is used to acquire target position and attribute information;
所述通信数据链系统，用于获取指令和飞行计划；The communication data link system is used to obtain instructions and flight plans;
所述融合处理设备，用于综合利用所述协作式识别系统、一次雷达、航管系统和通信数据链系统获取的信息，判断目标属性。The fusion processing device is used to comprehensively utilize the information acquired by the cooperative identification system, primary radar, air traffic control system and communication data link system to judge the attribute of the target.
进一步地，所述融合处理设备包括：Further, the fusion processing device includes:
应答信号检测模块，用于根据是否检测到应答信号；A response signal detection module, configured to detect a response signal according to whether it is detected;
第一目标属性判断模块，用于根据是否检测到应答信号和指令的指示，判断空中目标属性；The first target attribute judging module is used to judge the attribute of the air target according to whether the indication of the response signal and the instruction is detected;
第二目标属性判断模块，用于根据指令的指示和飞行计划，判断空中目标属性；The second target attribute judging module is used for judging the attribute of the air target according to the indication of the instruction and the flight plan;
第三目标属性判断模块，用于根据飞行计划和飞行空域，判断空中目标属性。The third target attribute judging module is used for judging the attribute of the air target according to the flight plan and the flight airspace.
进一步地，所述第一目标属性判断模块具体包括：Further, the first target attribute judging module specifically includes:
当检测到应答信号，但指令指示空中目标为我方，则判定所述空中目标属于我方；When the response signal is detected, but the instruction indicates that the air target is our side, it is determined that the air target belongs to our side;
当未检测到识别应答信号，但指令指示空中目标为我方，则判定所述空中目标属于我方；When the identification response signal is not detected, but the instruction indicates that the air target is our side, it is determined that the air target belongs to our side;
所述二目标属性判断模块具体包括：The two target attribute judgment modules specifically include:
若指令对空中目标无指示，则需检测空中目标的飞行计划，对按照飞行计划飞行的空中目标，则判定所述空中目标属于我方；If the instruction does not indicate the air target, it is necessary to detect the flight plan of the air target, and for the air target flying according to the flight plan, it is determined that the air target belongs to our side;
若指令对空中目标无指示，则需检测空中目标的飞行计划，对未按照飞行计划飞行的空中目标，则判定所述空中目标属于他方。If the command does not indicate the air target, the flight plan of the air target needs to be detected, and if the air target does not fly according to the flight plan, it is determined that the air target belongs to another party.
进一步地，所述三目标属性判断模块具体包括：Further, the three-target attribute judgment module specifically includes:
若空中目标未按照飞行计划飞行，则需检测该空中目标所处的飞行空域，若该空中目标处于空中禁飞区域，则判定空中目标属于他方，否则判定空中目标为属性不明；If the air target does not fly according to the flight plan, it is necessary to detect the flying airspace where the air target is located. If the air target is in the air no-fly area, it is determined that the air target belongs to another party, otherwise it is determined that the air target is unknown;
若空中目标按照飞行计划飞行，则需检测该空中目标所处的飞行空域，若该空中目标处于空中禁飞区域，则判定空中目标属于他方，否则判定空中目标为属性不明。If the air target flies according to the flight plan, it is necessary to detect the flying airspace where the air target is located. If the air target is in the air no-fly area, it is determined that the air target belongs to another party, otherwise it is determined that the air target is unknown.
由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明具有如下的优点：不仅能旁证协作式识别系统的我方目标，还可进一步区分非我方目标中的他方属性，有利于缩小非我方的识别范围，提高空中目标属性识别的准确性和识别概率；扩大了目标属性判定的信息来源，与现有协作式识别系统形成互补，增加了空中目标属性判定的可靠性，减少误判和误伤事件的发生；将空中目标属性综合识别的结果实时发送至雷达终端，为指挥员判定空中目标的属性提供决策依据。Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages: not only can circumstantial evidence of our target in the collaborative recognition system, but also can further distinguish the attributes of other parties in non-our targets, which is conducive to narrowing the identification range of non-our parties and improving Accuracy and identification probability of air target attribute identification; expanding the information source of target attribute identification, complementing the existing collaborative identification system, increasing the reliability of air target attribute identification, and reducing the occurrence of misjudgment and accidental injury; The results of comprehensive identification of air target attributes are sent to the radar terminal in real time, providing a decision-making basis for the commander to determine the attributes of air targets.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明实施例中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following descriptions are only the ones recorded in the embodiments of the present invention For some embodiments, those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings.
图1为本发明实施例的一种综合识别系统组成示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of an integrated identification system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例的一种他方属性综合识别工作流程示意图；FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a workflow for comprehensive identification of other parties' attributes according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例的一种空中目标综合识别判定模型示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an air target comprehensive identification and determination model according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明实施例一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明实施例保护的范围。The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art shall fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
参见图1，空中目标属性的综合识别系统由协作式识别系统、一次雷达、航管系统和通信数据链系统等信号传感器组成，利用综合识别系统收集的各类传感器信号，通过综合识别系统的融合处理设备对各类信号进行综合识别，判定空中目标属性。综合识别系统组成如图1所示。Referring to Figure 1, the integrated recognition system of air target attributes is composed of signal sensors such as cooperative recognition system, primary radar, air traffic management system and communication data link system. Using various sensor signals collected by the comprehensive recognition system, through the fusion of the comprehensive recognition system The processing equipment comprehensively recognizes various signals and determines the attributes of air targets. The composition of the comprehensive identification system is shown in Figure 1.
基于动态推理建模的空中目标综合识别方法，首先对我方空中目标识别时，以协作式识别系统的目标应答信息为主要判定要素，判定目标属性；当在缺少约定的目标应答信息的情况下，综合利用协作式识别系统、一次雷达、航管系统和通信数据链系统等信号传感器产生的目标应答信息、目标位置和运动信息、目标位置及属性信息，结合指令和飞行计划等判定要素，通过空中目标综合识别判定模型，判定空中目标的属性，可有效弥补协作式识别系统属性识别的局限性（只能判定我方、非我方目标）。The air target comprehensive recognition method based on dynamic reasoning modeling, first of all, when identifying our air target, the target response information of the cooperative recognition system is used as the main judgment element to determine the target attribute; when there is no agreed target response information , comprehensively utilize the target response information, target position and motion information, target position and attribute information generated by signal sensors such as cooperative identification system, primary radar, air traffic management system and communication data link system, combined with judgment elements such as instructions and flight plans, through The comprehensive identification and judgment model of air targets can determine the attributes of air targets, which can effectively make up for the limitations of the attribute identification of the cooperative identification system (only our own and non-our targets can be judged).
属性综合识别的工作流程，如图2所示。The workflow of attribute comprehensive identification is shown in Figure 2.
利用各类信号传感器收集的目标信息，作为目标属性判定的识别信息，并将获取的各类识别信息转化为综合识别系统所需的判定要素，对空中目标属性进行综合识别。信号传感器提供的各类识别信息，如表1所示。The target information collected by various signal sensors is used as the identification information for target attribute determination, and various types of identification information obtained are converted into the determination elements required by the comprehensive identification system to comprehensively identify the attributes of air targets. Various types of identification information provided by the signal sensor are shown in Table 1.
表1 信号传感器提供的各类识别信息Table 1 Various types of identification information provided by signal sensors
依据对识别系统的要求，选取下列几类信号作为判定要素。According to the requirements of the identification system, the following types of signals are selected as the determination elements.
一、识别应答信号1. Identify the response signal
协作式识别系统采用二次雷达工作原理，由询问机和应答机组成，利用识别询问应答信号判定目标属性。在空中目标上加装应答机，当信号传感器探测到空中目标后，其配套询问机发出询问信号，机载应答机对询问信号解码，并发回约定的识别应答信号，则判定目标为我方。The cooperative identification system adopts the working principle of the secondary radar, which is composed of an interrogator and a transponder, and uses the identification inquiry response signal to determine the target attribute. Install a transponder on the air target, when the signal sensor detects the air target, its supporting interrogator sends out an inquiry signal, the airborne transponder decodes the interrogation signal, and sends back the agreed identification response signal, then it is determined that the target is our side.
二、指令2. Instructions
指令是判定空中目标属性的重要依据之一。若机构对空中目标的属性作了明确的指示，则按照指令判定目标属性，否则需进一步的对空中目标的属性进行判定。Instructions are one of the important bases for judging the attributes of air targets. If the organization has made clear instructions on the attributes of the air targets, then the target attributes should be determined according to the instructions, otherwise, the attributes of the air targets need to be further determined.
三、飞行计划3. Flight plan
对空中目标属性判定，可根据空中目标所表现出的飞行航迹进行决策。飞行计划是指预先确定的空中目标的航路、航线、航向、速度、高度和时间等目标状态参数。对比信号传感器探测的目标位置和飞行计划预计位置，若发现的目标位置、航迹等其他状态信息与飞行计划完全相关，则可判定为我方目标。To determine the attribute of the air target, the decision can be made according to the flight track shown by the air target. The flight plan refers to the pre-determined target state parameters such as the route, route, heading, speed, altitude and time of the air target. Comparing the target position detected by the signal sensor with the expected position of the flight plan, if the found target position, track and other state information are completely related to the flight plan, it can be determined as our target.
四、飞行空域4. Airspace
利用空中目标飞行空域的重要性对目标属性判定是识别判定的重要手段。为了最大程度确保重要地区的空域安全，会设置空中禁飞区域等重要空域，并提前通报我方和友方，任何未经允许的飞行器不得进入空中禁飞区域。若在空中禁飞区域等重要空域发现空中目标，则可判定该空中目标为他方。Using the importance of air target flight space to judge the target attribute is an important means of identification and judgment. In order to ensure the safety of the airspace in important areas to the greatest extent, important airspaces such as no-fly areas in the air will be set up, and our side and friendly parties will be notified in advance. Any unauthorized aircraft shall not enter the no-fly area in the air. If an air target is found in an important airspace such as a no-fly area in the air, it can be determined that the air target is another party.
基于上述判定要素，建立空中目标综合识别判定模型，如图3所示。Based on the above judgment elements, a comprehensive air target recognition judgment model is established, as shown in Figure 3.
利用空中目标综合识别判定模型，对空中目标属性进行识别判定：Using the air target comprehensive identification and judgment model, the air target attributes are identified and judged:
判定路径一：若系统检测到该空中目标发出的约定的识别应答信号，但机构指示该空中目标属于他方目标，系统则将该空中目标判定为他方。若机构对该空中目标没有任何指示，则需检测该空中目标的飞行计划，对按照飞行计划飞行的空中目标，系统则判定为我方；对于不按照飞行计划飞行的空中目标，则需检测该空中目标所处的空域，若该空中目标处于空中禁飞区域等重要空域，则判定该空中目标为他方，否则判定该空中目标为属性不明。Judgment path 1: If the system detects the agreed identification response signal sent by the air target, but the agency indicates that the air target belongs to another party, the system will judge the air target as another party. If the organization does not have any instructions for the air target, it needs to detect the flight plan of the air target. For the air target that flies according to the flight plan, the system judges that it is our side; for the air target that does not fly according to the flight plan, it needs to detect the air target. The airspace where the air target is located. If the air target is in an important airspace such as a no-fly area in the air, it is determined that the air target is another party, otherwise it is determined that the attribute of the air target is unknown.
判定路径二：若系统没有检测到该空中目标发出的约定的识别应答信号，但机构指示该空中目标属于我方目标，系统则将该空中目标判定为我方。若机构对该空中目标没有任何指示，则需检测该空中目标的飞行计划，对于不按照飞行计划飞行的空中目标，系统则判定为他方；对按照飞行计划飞行的空中目标，也需检测该空中目标所处的空域，若该目标处于空中禁飞区域等重要空域，则判定该空中目标为他方，否则判定该空中目标为属性不明。Judgment path 2: If the system does not detect the agreed identification response signal sent by the air target, but the organization indicates that the air target belongs to our target, the system will judge the air target as our own. If the organization does not have any instructions for the air target, it needs to detect the flight plan of the air target. For the air target that does not fly according to the flight plan, the system will judge it as another party; for the air target that flies according to the flight plan, it also needs to detect the air target. The airspace where the target is located. If the target is in an important airspace such as a no-fly area in the air, it is determined that the air target is another party, otherwise it is determined that the attribute of the air target is unknown.
发明针对协作式识别系统的不足和缺点，结合信号传感器提供的各类识别信息，提出了图3所示的一种空中目标综合识别判定模型，利用指令及飞行计划、识别应答信号、电子干扰和目标空域等判定要素，对空中目标的属性进行综合识别；该方法扩大了目标属性判定的信息来源，与现有协作式识别系统形成互补，增加了空中目标属性判定的可靠性，减少误判和误伤事件的发生；将空中目标属性综合识别的结果实时发送至雷达终端，为指挥员判定空中目标的属性提供决策依据。Aiming at the deficiencies and shortcomings of the cooperative identification system, the invention proposes a comprehensive air target identification and determination model shown in Figure 3 in combination with various types of identification information provided by signal sensors, using commands and flight plans, identification response signals, electronic interference and Target airspace and other determination elements are used to comprehensively identify the attributes of air targets; this method expands the information source for target attribute determination, complements the existing collaborative identification system, increases the reliability of air target attribute determination, and reduces misjudgment and The occurrence of fratricide incidents; the results of comprehensive identification of air target attributes are sent to the radar terminal in real time, providing a decision-making basis for the commander to determine the attributes of air targets.
本发明基于动态推理建模的空中目标综合识别判定模型；利用该模型对空中目标属性进行识别判定，可提高空中目标属性识别的准确性和识别概率。The present invention is based on an air target comprehensive identification and judgment model based on dynamic reasoning modeling; using the model to identify and judge the air target attributes can improve the accuracy and identification probability of the air target attribute identification.
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制，尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，而未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the present invention can still be Any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
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