CN115054325A - Ultrasonic surgical system - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses ultrasonic surgical system includes: a host generating an electric signal for generating ultrasonic vibration; a transducer receiving an electrical signal and generating ultrasonic vibrations in response thereto; a shaft assembly including a waveguide rod having a first end connected to a transducer to conduct ultrasonic vibrations generated by the transducer; and an active portion at a second end of the waveguide rod for receiving ultrasonic vibrations generated by the transducer conducted through the waveguide rod and outputting the received ultrasonic vibrations to the contacted tissue, wherein the host is configured to adjust the electrical signal to drive the transducer to generate ultrasonic vibrations in a first frequency interval and ultrasonic vibrations in a second frequency interval, an upper frequency limit and a lower frequency limit of the first frequency interval being twice as large as an upper frequency limit and a lower frequency limit of the second frequency interval, respectively, wherein the shaft assembly has a first resonant frequency of the first frequency interval and a second resonant frequency of the second frequency interval, the first resonant frequency being the second resonant frequency multiplied by two.

Description

Translated fromChinese

超声外科系统Ultrasound surgical system

技术领域technical field

本申请涉及一种超声外科系统，并且更特别地，涉及一种能够在常规操作的同时进行杀菌的超声外科系统。The present application relates to an ultrasonic surgical system, and more particularly, to an ultrasonic surgical system capable of sterilizing while performing routine operations.

背景技术Background technique

作为进行外科手术常用设备，诸如超声刀的超声外科系统在外科手术过程中被广泛用于组织的游离、切割、止血，小血管离断与闭合等操作。与电刀相比，超声刀具有止血效果好、热效应小、无烟雾且视野良好等优点。然而，与传统手术刀和电刀类似，上述操作均会导致粘膜损伤，因而破坏粘膜的屏障作用，增加术中微生物侵入的概率。因此，在临床上使用超声刀进行手术后，往往需要给予较大剂量的抗生素。即使如此，仍存在术后感染的风险。As a common equipment for surgical operations, ultrasonic surgical systems such as ultrasonic scalpels are widely used in operations such as tissue dissociation, cutting, hemostasis, and small blood vessel isolation and closure during surgical operations. Compared with electric knife, ultrasonic knife has the advantages of good hemostatic effect, small thermal effect, no smoke and good vision. However, similar to the traditional scalpel and electrocautery, the above operations will cause mucosal damage, thereby destroying the mucosal barrier function and increasing the probability of intraoperative microbial invasion. Therefore, it is often necessary to give larger doses of antibiotics after surgery using the ultrasonic scalpel. Even so, there is still a risk of postoperative infection.

可见，本领域中存在对于在进行游离、切割、止血、小血管离断与闭合等常规操作的同时能够实现杀菌作用的超声刀的需求。It can be seen that there is a need in the art for an ultrasonic knife that can achieve sterilization while performing routine operations such as dissociation, cutting, hemostasis, and small blood vessel isolation and closure.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本申请涉及一种超声外科系统，包括主机、换能器、轴组件以及作用部。主机生成用于产生超声振动的电信号，换能器接收电信号并响应于电信号而产生超声振动。轴组件包括变幅杆，变幅杆的第一端连接换能器，以传导由换能器产生的超声振动。作用部位于变幅杆的第二端，用于接收经由变幅杆传导的由换能器产生的超声振动，并输出所接收的超声振动。主机配置为调节电信号，以驱动换能器产生第一频率区间内的超声振动或第二频率区间内的超声振动，第一频率区间的频率上限和频率下限分别为第二频率区间的频率上限和频率下限的二倍。变幅杆具有第一频率区间的第一谐振频率和第二频率区间内的第二谐振频率，第一谐振频率为第二谐振频率的二倍。根据本申请的超声刀可以在不必更换变幅杆的情况下以两种频率输出超声振动，以分别用于组织切割和杀菌。The present application relates to an ultrasonic surgical system, including a host, a transducer, a shaft assembly and an acting part. The host generates electrical signals for generating ultrasonic vibrations, and the transducers receive the electrical signals and generate ultrasonic vibrations in response to the electrical signals. The shaft assembly includes a horn having a first end connected to the transducer to conduct ultrasonic vibrations generated by the transducer. The acting part is located at the second end of the horn, and is used for receiving the ultrasonic vibration generated by the transducer conducted through the horn and outputting the received ultrasonic vibration. The host is configured to adjust the electrical signal to drive the transducer to generate ultrasonic vibration in the first frequency interval or ultrasonic vibration in the second frequency interval, where the upper frequency limit and the lower frequency limit of the first frequency interval are respectively the upper frequency limit of the second frequency interval and twice the lower frequency limit. The horn has a first resonant frequency in the first frequency range and a second resonant frequency in the second frequency range, and the first resonant frequency is twice the second resonant frequency. The ultrasonic knife according to the present application can output ultrasonic vibrations at two frequencies for tissue cutting and sterilization, respectively, without having to replace the horn.

在一些实施例中，主机配置为通过调节主机的电信号的频率以驱动换能器，换能器产生谐振信号，主机检测谐振信号并在第二频率区间内扫描，从而先锁定变幅杆处于第二谐振频率，然后将第一谐振频率锁定为第二谐振频率的二倍。在一些其他实施例中，主机配置为，通过调节主机的电信号的频率以驱动换能器，换能器产生谐振信号，主机检测谐振信号并在第一频率区间内扫描，从而先锁定变幅杆处于第一谐振频率，然后将第二谐振频率锁定为第一谐振频率的一半。通过在频率区间内扫描以锁定谐振频率，可以考虑到在变幅杆的实际谐振频率在一定范围内偏离设计谐振频率的情况。In some embodiments, the host is configured to drive the transducer by adjusting the frequency of the electrical signal of the host, the transducer generates a resonance signal, the host detects the resonance signal and scans in the second frequency interval, so as to first lock the horn in the The second resonant frequency, and then the first resonant frequency is locked to twice the second resonant frequency. In some other embodiments, the host is configured to drive the transducer by adjusting the frequency of the electrical signal of the host, the transducer generates a resonance signal, and the host detects the resonance signal and scans in a first frequency interval, thereby locking the amplitude first The rod is at the first resonant frequency and then locks the second resonant frequency to half the first resonant frequency. By sweeping within the frequency range to lock the resonant frequency, it is possible to take into account the fact that the actual resonant frequency of the horn deviates from the design resonant frequency within a certain range.

在一些实施例中，波导杆用于提供超声振动的传导路径，轴组件还包括套设在波导杆周围的套管和多个支撑部。支撑部沿着波导杆的长度方向间隔套设在波导杆上，并将波导杆柔性地支撑于套管内。In some embodiments, the waveguide rod is used to provide a conduction path for the ultrasonic vibration, and the shaft assembly further includes a sleeve and a plurality of support portions sleeved around the waveguide rod. The support parts are sleeved on the waveguide rod at intervals along the length direction of the waveguide rod, and flexibly support the waveguide rod in the sleeve.

在一些实施例中，支撑部沿着波导杆的长度方向的位置对应于波导杆在第二谐振频率下所产生的波节位置中的至少一些波节位置，从而可以尽可能少地吸收第一谐振频率和第二谐振频率下的振动能量，从而增强输出到作用部的振动能量。In some embodiments, the position of the support portion along the length of the waveguide rod corresponds to at least some of the node positions generated by the waveguide rod at the second resonant frequency, so as to absorb as little as possible the first Vibration energy at the resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency, thereby enhancing the vibration energy output to the action part.

在一些实施例中，第一频率区间为54.5kHz至56.5kHz，以便于对组织进行切割，而第二频率区间为27.25kHz至28.25kHz，以便于对组织附近进行局部杀菌。In some embodiments, the first frequency interval is 54.5 kHz to 56.5 kHz to facilitate cutting of tissue, and the second frequency interval is 27.25 kHz to 28.25 kHz to facilitate localized sterilization near tissue.

在一些实施例中，主机配置为，当作用部接触组织时，通过改变电信号的频率以将换能器驱动为首先在第一持续时间内产生第二谐振频率的超声振动，然后持续产生第一谐振频率的超声振动。通过第一持续时间内的第二谐振频率的超声振动，可以在用第一谐振频率的超声振动切割组织之前先将组织附近进行局部杀菌，以降低感染的可能性。In some embodiments, the host is configured to drive the transducer to first generate ultrasonic vibrations at a second resonant frequency for a first duration and then continue to generate a first ultrasonic vibration by varying the frequency of the electrical signal when the active portion contacts the tissue. Ultrasonic vibration at a resonant frequency. By the ultrasonic vibration of the second resonant frequency for the first duration, the vicinity of the tissue can be locally sterilized before cutting the tissue with the ultrasonic vibration of the first resonant frequency to reduce the possibility of infection.

在一些实施例中，主机配置为，当作用部接触组织时，通过改变电信号的频率以将换能器驱动为，产生交替的第一持续时间内的第二谐振频率的超声振动和第二持续时间内产生第一谐振频率的超声振动。这样，可以随着切割组织而暴露出来新创面而不断对新创面进行局部杀菌，从而进一步降低感染的可能性。In some embodiments, the host is configured to, when the active portion contacts the tissue, drive the transducer by changing the frequency of the electrical signal to generate ultrasonic vibrations at the second resonant frequency and the second for alternating first durations. Ultrasonic vibration of the first resonant frequency is generated for the duration. In this way, the new wound surface can be continuously sterilized locally as the new wound surface is exposed by cutting the tissue, thereby further reducing the possibility of infection.

在一些实施例中，变幅杆还具有识别标签，换能器具有感测识别标签的传感器。在一些实施例中，传感器配置为，当第N次(即，本次)接收到来自所述主机的所述电信号时，如果换能器自从第N-1次(即，上一次)接收到来自主机的所述电信号已经过阈值时间，则感测识别标签，并与第N-1次感测的识别标签比较。如果换能器自从第N-1次接收到来自主机的电信号尚未过阈值时间时，则换能器直接基于第N-1次所锁定的第一谐振频率和第二谐振频率而产生超声振动。由于不太可能在很短的时间内更换变幅杆，因此直接使用之前所锁定的谐振频率进行操作可以节省操作时间。In some embodiments, the horn also has an identification tag and the transducer has a sensor that senses the identification tag. In some embodiments, the sensor is configured such that, when the electrical signal from the host is received at the Nth (ie, this time) time, if the transducer has received since the N-1th (ie, last time) When the threshold time has elapsed for the electrical signal from the host, the identification tag is sensed and compared with the N-1 th sensed identification tag. If the threshold time has not passed since the transducer received the electrical signal from the host for the N-1th time, the transducer directly generates ultrasonic vibration based on the first and second resonance frequencies locked at the N-1th time . Since it is unlikely to replace the horn in a short period of time, operating directly with the previously locked resonant frequency saves operating time.

在一些实施例中，如果所感测到的识别标签与第N-1次感测的识别标签相同，则换能器直接基于第N-1次所锁定的第一谐振频率和第二谐振频率而产生超声振动，而如果所感测到的识别标签与第N-1次感测的识别标签不同，则所述换能器将所述波导杆的识别标签的变化报告给所述主机，并且主机配置为，响应于变幅杆的识别标签变化的报告：通过调节电信号的频率以驱动换能器在第二频率区间内重新进行扫描，从而锁定变幅杆的新的第二谐振频率，并将新的第一谐振频率锁定为新的第二谐振频率的二倍，或者通过调节电信号的频率以驱动换能器在第一频率区间内重新进行扫描，从而锁定变幅杆的新的第一谐振频率并将新的第二谐振频率锁定为新的第一谐振频率的一半。通过以上操作，可以在经过一段时间且更换了变幅杆的情况下自动地重新扫描频率区间以锁定谐振频率，而在经过一段时间但没有更换变幅杆的情况下不必耗时进行重新扫描，从而在为医生和助手的操作提供便利的同时兼顾节省操作时间。In some embodiments, if the sensed identification tag is the same as the N-1 th sensed identification tag, the transducer is directly based on the N-1 th locked first resonant frequency and second resonant frequency Ultrasonic vibration is generated, and if the sensed identification tag is different from the N-1 th sensed identification tag, the transducer reports the change in the identification tag of the waveguide rod to the host, and the host configures For, in response to the report of the change of the identification label of the horn: by adjusting the frequency of the electrical signal to drive the transducer to re-scan in the second frequency interval, thereby locking the new second resonant frequency of the horn, and The new first resonant frequency is locked to twice the new second resonant frequency, or the new first resonant frequency of the horn is locked by adjusting the frequency of the electrical signal to drive the transducer to re-scan within the first frequency interval. resonant frequency and lock the new second resonant frequency to half the new first resonant frequency. Through the above operations, the frequency range can be automatically re-scanned to lock the resonant frequency after a period of time and the horn is replaced, and the time-consuming re-scanning is not required when the horn has not been replaced after a period of time. Therefore, the operation time is saved while providing convenience for the operation of the doctor and the assistant.

附图说明Description of drawings

以下参考附图描述了本申请所公开的超声刀及其操作。应理解，附图仅出于图示和解释目的，而不意图对本申请的保护范围构成任何限制。另外，各附图仅示意性地示出各组件的位置和组合关系，而不一定按比例绘制，其中：The ultrasonic blade disclosed in the present application and its operation are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustration and explanation purposes only, and are not intended to constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, each drawing only schematically shows the position and combination relationship of each component, and is not necessarily drawn to scale, wherein:

图1是示出根据本申请的实施例的超声外科系统示意图；1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an ultrasonic surgical system according to an embodiment of the present application;

图2A是示意性示出根据本申请的实施例的超声刀的波导杆和作用部的图示；2A is a diagram schematically illustrating a waveguide rod and an action portion of an ultrasonic knife according to an embodiment of the present application;

图2B是图2A中的虚线框所示的波导杆的局部的放大截面示意图；FIG. 2B is an enlarged cross-sectional schematic diagram of a part of the waveguide rod shown in the dotted frame in FIG. 2A;

图3是示意性示出根据本申请的实施例的超声刀的频率区间和谐振频率的图示；3 is a diagram schematically illustrating frequency intervals and resonant frequencies of an ultrasonic blade according to an embodiment of the present application;

图4A-图4B是示意性示出根据本申请的实施例的超声刀的工作频率随时间变化的图示；4A-4B are diagrams schematically illustrating the variation of the operating frequency of the ultrasonic blade with time according to an embodiment of the present application;

图5是示出根据本申请的实施例的超声刀的操作的流程图。FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the ultrasonic blade according to an embodiment of the present application.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下参考附图描述根据本申请的实施例的超声刀的结构及其操作。图1示出了根据本申请的实施例的超声刀的各组件建构的示意图。如图1所示，在一些实施例中，超声外科系统包含主机10、换能器20、手柄30、轴组件40、作用部50、脚踏开关60。轴组件40包括波导杆和套管，如后文参考图2A和图2B更详细描述的。在一些实施例中，套管可以包括外套管和内套管(未示出)，用于超声刀的远端执行部的闭合和张开。The structure and operation of the ultrasonic blade according to the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the construction of various components of an ultrasonic blade according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1 , in some embodiments, the ultrasonic surgical system includes ahost 10 , atransducer 20 , ahandle 30 , ashaft assembly 40 , anaction part 50 , and afoot switch 60 . Theshaft assembly 40 includes a waveguide rod and a sleeve, as described in greater detail below with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B . In some embodiments, the cannula may include an outer cannula and an inner cannula (not shown) for closure and deployment of the distal effector of the ultrasonic blade.

主机10提供电信号以驱动换能器20产生相应的超声振动。在一些实施例中，主机10包含电源转换器、时钟、处理器、放大电路等，以生成用于驱动换能器20所需的电信号，例如与所需频率相对应的方波电信号、正弦电信号等。换能器20包含响应于电信号而产生相应频率的超声机械振动的振动元件，例如压电元件。在一些实施例中，振动元件的振动频率可以实质上对应于来自主机10的电信号的频率。在此情况下，通过调节主机10输出的电信号的频率，可以改变换能器20所产生的超声振动的频率。如本文中所使用的，主机10输出的“电信号的频率”与由该电信号驱动的换能器20所产生的“超声振动的频率”可互换地使用，因为两者在常规操作的情况下实质上对应。在一些实施例中，轴组件40的波导杆一端连接换能器20(在手柄30的外壳之内)，而轴组件40的波导杆的另一端是作用部50，作用部50接触组织以进行切割等操作。这样轴组件40将换能器20所产生的超声振动传导到作用部50。Thehost 10 provides electrical signals to drive thetransducer 20 to generate corresponding ultrasonic vibrations. In some embodiments,host 10 includes power converters, clocks, processors, amplifier circuits, etc. to generate electrical signals required to drivetransducer 20, such as square wave electrical signals corresponding to desired frequencies, sinusoidal electrical signals, etc. Thetransducer 20 includes a vibrating element, such as a piezoelectric element, that generates ultrasonic mechanical vibrations of a corresponding frequency in response to an electrical signal. In some embodiments, the vibration frequency of the vibrating element may substantially correspond to the frequency of the electrical signal from thehost 10 . In this case, by adjusting the frequency of the electrical signal output by thehost 10, the frequency of the ultrasonic vibration generated by thetransducer 20 can be changed. As used herein, the "frequency of the electrical signal" output by thehost 10 is used interchangeably with the "frequency of the ultrasonic vibrations" produced by thetransducer 20 driven by the electrical signal, as both are used in conventional operation The situation corresponds substantially. In some embodiments, one end of the waveguide rod of theshaft assembly 40 is connected to the transducer 20 (within the housing of the handle 30), and the other end of the waveguide rod of theshaft assembly 40 is theactive portion 50, which contacts the tissue for cutting, etc. In this way, theshaft assembly 40 conducts the ultrasonic vibration generated by thetransducer 20 to the actingpart 50 .

大功率的超声振动能够使与作用部50接触的组织细胞在瞬间水分气化、蛋白质氢键断裂、细胞崩解，从而切开组织。传统地，由大功率的超声机械振动引起的摩擦热可以辅助在切开组织的同时进行凝固止血。作为示例，目前使用稳定性较好的超声切割的55.5kHz的中心频率。The high-power ultrasonic vibration can instantly vaporize the tissue cells in contact with theaction part 50, break the hydrogen bonds of proteins, and disintegrate the cells, thereby incising the tissue. Traditionally, frictional heat induced by high-power ultrasonic mechanical vibrations can assist in coagulation and hemostasis while incising tissue. As an example, a center frequency of 55.5 kHz for the more stable ultrasonic cutting is currently used.

然而，55.5kHz的频率虽然具有良好的切割效果，但缺少对切口的杀菌作用。因此，在使用超声刀进行的例如腹腔镜手术之后，往往需要给予较大剂量的抗生素以防感染。研究表明，除上述切割作用之外，超声振动还可以引发液体的空化作用。具体地，在超声振动的作用下，液体中的微小气泡核产生振动。当声压达到一定强度时，气泡将迅速膨胀，然后突然闭合，并在气泡闭合时产生冲击波。空化作用中的气泡的寿命约0.1μs，在急剧崩溃时可释放出巨大的能量，并产生速度约为110m/s的具有强大冲击力的微射流，并同时产生局部高温高压(5000K、1800大气压)。空化作用所产生的上述瞬时高温高压可用于手术组织附近的局部杀菌。However, although the frequency of 55.5kHz has a good cutting effect, it lacks the bactericidal effect on the cut. Therefore, higher doses of antibiotics are often given to prevent infection after, for example, laparoscopic surgery using the ultrasonic knife. Studies have shown that, in addition to the above-mentioned cutting action, ultrasonic vibration can also induce cavitation in liquids. Specifically, under the action of ultrasonic vibration, tiny bubble nuclei in the liquid vibrate. When the sound pressure reaches a certain intensity, the bubble will expand rapidly and then suddenly close, and a shock wave will be generated when the bubble closes. The lifespan of the bubbles in cavitation is about 0.1μs, which can release huge energy when it collapses sharply, and generate a micro-jet with a strong impact force with a speed of about 110m/s, and at the same time generate local high temperature and high pressure (5000K, 1800 atmospheric pressure). The above-mentioned transient high temperature and high pressure generated by cavitation can be used for local sterilization near the surgical tissue.

空化作用的效果受到功率、频率、液体的物理性质(例如，表面张力、粘度、温度、含气量等)等因素影响。特别地，超声振动的频率越高，产生空化作用所需的功率也越强。换言之，在医用手术超声刀的合理功率范围内，较低的频率将有利于产生较显著的空化作用，从而提高灭菌的效果。研究表明，20kHz至38kHz范围内的超声振动的杀菌效果好。然而，切割常用的55.5kHz的中心频率在该范围之外，因此仅能产生较弱的空化作用。The effect of cavitation is affected by factors such as power, frequency, and physical properties of the liquid (eg, surface tension, viscosity, temperature, air content, etc.). In particular, the higher the frequency of ultrasonic vibration, the stronger the power required to generate cavitation. In other words, within the reasonable power range of the medical surgical ultrasonic knife, a lower frequency will help to generate more significant cavitation, thereby improving the effect of sterilization. Studies have shown that ultrasonic vibration in the range of 20kHz to 38kHz has a good sterilization effect. However, the center frequency of 55.5 kHz, which is commonly used for cutting, is outside this range and thus only produces weak cavitation.

基于这个发现，本申请提出了一种超声刀，其能够周期性交替地或以其他方式变化地输出55.5kHz的超声振动和20kHz至38kHz范围内的超声振动，从而以高频率的超声振动进行切割组织的同时，可以利用低频率的较强的空化作用对组织附近进行局部杀菌，以减少术后抗生素的需求量并改善预后。Based on this finding, the present application proposes an ultrasonic blade that can periodically alternately or otherwise vary outputting ultrasonic vibrations of 55.5 kHz and ultrasonic vibrations in the range of 20 kHz to 38 kHz to perform cutting with high-frequency ultrasonic vibrations At the same time, low-frequency strong cavitation can be used for local sterilization near the tissue to reduce the need for postoperative antibiotics and improve the prognosis.

为了将换能器20所产生的超声振动高效地传导到作用部50，轴组件40(特别地，轴组件40的波导杆42，如以下参考图2A和图2B将更详细描述的)需要在该超声振动的频率f下发生谐振。根据机械振动的传播原理，在轴组件40(特别地，波导杆42)的有效传播长度等于超声振动在该频率f下的波长λ＝v/f(v表示机械波在轴组件40中的传播速度)的一半的整数倍nλ/2(n为正整数)的情况下，可以实现超声振动的高效传导。可以理解，超声刀的轴组件40(特别地，波导杆42)应具有合理的长度，以便在足以使作用部50触及需要操作的组织的情况下避免因长度过长而造成操作难度的不必要增大。在一些实施例中，波导杆42的长度可以为十几厘米、二十几厘米或三十几厘米等，取决于需要操作的组织的深度，并满足上述nλ/2的长度要求。In order to efficiently conduct the ultrasonic vibration generated by thetransducer 20 to the actingpart 50, the shaft assembly 40 (in particular, thewaveguide rod 42 of theshaft assembly 40, as will be described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B ) needs to be Resonance occurs at the frequency f of this ultrasonic vibration. According to the propagation principle of mechanical vibration, the effective propagation length of the shaft assembly 40 (especially, the waveguide rod 42 ) is equal to the wavelength λ=v/f of the ultrasonic vibration at the frequency f (v represents the propagation speed of the mechanical wave in the shaft assembly 40 ) In the case of nλ/2 (n is a positive integer) that is an integer multiple of half of ), efficient conduction of ultrasonic vibration can be achieved. It can be understood that the shaft assembly 40 (especially, the waveguide rod 42 ) of the ultrasonic knife should have a reasonable length, so as to avoid unnecessary difficulty in operation due to excessive length under the condition that theactive part 50 can touch the tissue to be operated. increase. In some embodiments, the length of thewaveguide rod 42 may be in the tens of centimeters, twenty centimeters, or thirty centimeters, etc., depending on the depth of the tissue to be manipulated, and meets the above-mentioned length requirement of nλ/2.

进一步地，在一些实施例中，为了能够对于55.5kHz的第一频率f₁的超声振动和20kHz至38kHz范围内的第二频率f₂的超声振动同时实现高效的传导，可以将该第二频率f₂选择为55.5kHz的二分之一，即27.75kHz。在此情况下，27.75kHz的第二频率f₂所对应的第二波长λ₂是55.5kHz的第一频率f₁所对应的第一波长λ₁的2倍。因此，可以理解，当波导杆42的长度为第二波长λ₂的一半的整数倍nλ₂/2时，该长度也为第一波长λ₁的相应整数倍nλ₂/2＝2nλ₁/2＝nλ₁。因此，通过至少部分地基于第二频率f₂(例如，27.75kHz)来确定波导杆42的长度和支撑部的设置位置，可以兼顾对于55.5kHz的第一频率λ₁和27.75kHz的第二频率λ₂的超声振动的高效传导，如后文将参考图2B更详细描述的。Further, in some embodiments, in order to be able to simultaneously achieve efficient conduction for the ultrasonic vibration of the first frequency f₁ of 55.5 kHz and the ultrasonic vibration of the second frequency f₂ in the range of 20 kHz to 38 kHz, the second frequency may be f2 was chosen to be one_- half of 55.5kHz, which is 27.75kHz. In this case, the second wavelength λ₂ corresponding to the second frequency f₂ of 27.75 kHz is twice the first wavelength λ₁ corresponding to the first frequency f₁ of 55.5 kHz. Therefore, it can be understood that when the length of thewaveguide rod 42 is an integer multiple nλ₂ /2 of half of the second wavelength λ₂ , the length is also a corresponding integer multiple nλ₂ /2=2nλ₁ /2 of the first wavelength λ₁ =nλ₁ . Thus, by determining the length of thewaveguide rod 42 and the placement of the support based at least in part on the second frequency f₂ (eg, 27.75 kHz), a compromise can be made for a first frequency λ₁ of 55.5 kHz and a second frequency of 27.75 kHz Efficient conduction of ultrasonic vibrations of λ₂ , as will be described in more detail later with reference to Figure 2B.

图2A是示意性示出根据本申请的实施例的超声刀的波导杆42和作用部50的图示。图2A所示的长度、直径等仅为示意性目的，且并未按比例绘制，因此不对根据本申请的波导杆42构成任何限制。图2B是图2A中的虚线框所示的波导杆42的局部的放大截面示意图。如图2B所示，轴组件40由内部的波导杆42、套设在波导杆42的周围的套管44以及沿着波导杆42的长度方向间隔地套设的支撑部46构成。支撑部46将波导杆42柔性地支撑到机械强度较高的套管44的内壁，从而提高轴组件40的机械稳定性，并提高超声振动在作用部50处的输出强度。FIG. 2A is a diagram schematically illustrating thewaveguide rod 42 and the actingpart 50 of the ultrasonic blade according to the embodiment of the present application. The lengths, diameters, etc. shown in FIG. 2A are for illustrative purposes only, and are not drawn to scale, and therefore do not constitute any limitation to thewaveguide rod 42 according to the present application. FIG. 2B is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of a part of thewaveguide rod 42 shown by the dashed frame in FIG. 2A . As shown in FIG. 2B , theshaft assembly 40 is composed of aninner waveguide rod 42 , asleeve 44 sleeved around thewaveguide rod 42 , and asupport portion 46 sleeved at intervals along the longitudinal direction of thewaveguide rod 42 . Thesupport portion 46 flexibly supports thewaveguide rod 42 to the inner wall of thecasing 44 with high mechanical strength, thereby improving the mechanical stability of theshaft assembly 40 and increasing the output strength of ultrasonic vibration at the actingportion 50 .

在不被任何理论限制的情况下，支撑部46可以沿着波导杆42的长度方向设置在超声振动沿着波导杆42传播所形成的波节位置处，即沿着波导杆42的长度方向上振动幅度最小的位置处。在此情况下，支撑部46能够在提供支撑的情况下尽可能避免吸收振动能量，从而在换能器20的输出功率固定的情况下提高作用部50输出的超声振动的功率。此外，通过吸收除谐振频率之外的其他频率的振动，支撑部46还能够在一定程度上限制其他频率的振动的传播，从而使输出的超声振动的频率更为集中。Without being bound by any theory, thesupport portion 46 may be disposed along the length of thewaveguide rod 42 at a node position formed by the propagation of ultrasonic vibrations along thewaveguide rod 42 , that is, along the length of thewaveguide rod 42 . The position where the vibration amplitude is minimal. In this case, thesupport portion 46 can avoid absorbing vibration energy as much as possible while providing support, thereby increasing the power of the ultrasonic vibration output by theaction portion 50 when the output power of thetransducer 20 is fixed. In addition, by absorbing the vibration of other frequencies except the resonance frequency, thesupport portion 46 can also limit the propagation of the vibration of other frequencies to a certain extent, so that the frequency of the output ultrasonic vibration is more concentrated.

在同时使用55.5kHz的第一频率和27.75kHz的第二频率的情况下，支撑部46的设置位置需要兼顾两个频率下的波节位置。由于第二频率f₂对应的第二波长λ₂是第一频率f₁对应的第一波长λ₁的二倍，因此第一频率f₁在轴组件40的波导杆42中传播所形成的波节n₁数目是第二频率f₂在轴组件40的波导杆42中传播所形成的波节n₂的数目的二倍。换言之，如图2B所示，第一频率f₁的每对相邻波节n₁中的一者与第二频率f₂的波节n₂重合，而另一者与第二频率f₂的波节n₂不重合。又换言之，第二频率f₂的波节n₂全部与第一频率f₁的波节n₁重合。如图2B所示，在一些实施例中，将支撑部46沿着波导杆42的长度方向的位置设置为对应于波导杆42在第二频率f₂下所产生的波节位置n₂中的至少一些波节位置处。在此情况下，可以使全部支撑部46吸收尽可能少的超声振动能量，从而提高输出到作用部50的超声振动的功率。此外，通过吸收除第一频率f₁和第二频率f₂之外的其他频率的振动，支撑部46还可以在一定程度上限制其他频率的振动的传播，从而使输出的超声振动的频率更为集中。When using the first frequency of 55.5 kHz and the second frequency of 27.75 kHz at the same time, the installation position of thesupport portion 46 needs to take into account the node positions at the two frequencies. Since the second wavelength λ₂ corresponding to the second frequency f₂ is twice the first wavelength λ₁ corresponding to the first frequency f₁ , the wave formed by the first frequency f₁ propagating in thewaveguide rod 42 of theshaft assembly 40 The number of nodes n₁ is twice the number of nodes n₂ formed by the propagation of the second frequency f₂ in thewaveguide rod 42 of theshaft assembly 40 . In other words, as shown in FIG. 2B , one of each pair of adjacent nodes n₁ of the first frequency f₁ coincides with the node n 2 of the second frequency f₂ , and the other one is coincident with the node n₂ of the second frequency f₂ Node n₂ does not coincide. In other words, the nodes n_{2 of the second frequency f 2all} coincide with the nodes n₁ of the first frequency f₁ . As shown in FIG. 2B , in some embodiments, the position of thesupport portion 46 along the length direction of thewaveguide rod 42 is set to correspond to the position of the node n 2 in the node position n₂ generated by thewaveguide rod 42 at the second frequency f₂ . at least at some node locations. In this case, all thesupport parts 46 can absorb as little ultrasonic vibration energy as possible, thereby increasing the power of the ultrasonic vibration output to the actingpart 50 . In addition, by absorbing the vibrations of other frequencies except the_first frequency f1 and the_second frequency f2, thesupport portion 46 can also limit the propagation of the vibrations of other frequencies to a certain extent, so that the frequency of the output ultrasonic vibration is higher. to concentrate.

在一些实施例中，如图2B所示，可以不在全部波节位置n₂处设置支撑部46，而是仅在波节位置n₂中的一些位置处设置支撑部46。相应地，相邻两个支撑部46之间的距离可以为第二频率f₂对应的波长的一半λ₂/2的整数倍nλ₂/2(n为正整数)，例如d₁＝2×λ₂/2＝λ₂，d₂＝λ₂/2，等等。可以理解，这些支撑部46之间的距离将为相应第一频率f₁对应的波长λ₁的整数倍nλ₁。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2B, supports 46 may not be provided at all node positions n₂ , but only at some of node positions n₂ . Correspondingly, the distance between twoadjacent support parts 46 may be an integer multiple of nλ₂ /₂ (n is a positive integer), which is half of the wavelength corresponding to the second frequency f₂ , for example, d₁ =2× λ₂ /2=λ₂ , d₂ =λ₂ /2, and so on. It can be understood that the distance between thesesupport parts 46 will be an integer multiple nλ₁ of the wavelength λ₁ corresponding to the corresponding first frequency f₁ .

应理解，虽然以出于设备设计目的，将第一频率描述为55.5kHz，但实践中，所使用的第一频率可以基于波导杆42的实际谐振频率而在以55.5kHz为中心的可接受频率区间内选择。进而，所使用的第二频率可以通过将所选择的所使用的第一频率除以二得到。替代地，也可以先基于波导杆42的实际谐振频率而在以27.75kHz为中心的可接受频率区间内选择第二频率，然后通过将所选择的所使用的第二频率乘以二得到所使用的第一频率。具体地，虽然波导杆42设计为具有例如55.5kHz的谐振频率，但波导杆42的实际谐振频率受制造公差、材料不均匀性和温度导致的机械性能变化等因素影响，并且可能偏离所设计的55.5kHz。因此，如果直接将主机10所输出的电信号的频率选择为55.5kHz，则可能偏离波导杆42的实际谐振频率，从而造成超声振动的传导效率下降。It should be understood that while the first frequency is described as 55.5 kHz for device design purposes, in practice the first frequency used may be at an acceptable frequency centered at 55.5 kHz based on the actual resonant frequency of thewaveguide rod 42 selection within the range. Furthermore, the second frequency used may be obtained by dividing the selected first frequency used by two. Alternatively, a second frequency may be selected within an acceptable frequency interval centered at 27.75 kHz based on the actual resonant frequency of thewaveguide rod 42, and then the used second frequency may be obtained by multiplying the selected second frequency by two. the first frequency. Specifically, while thewaveguide rod 42 is designed to have a resonant frequency of, for example, 55.5 kHz, the actual resonant frequency of thewaveguide rod 42 is affected by factors such as manufacturing tolerances, material inhomogeneity, and temperature-induced mechanical property variations, and may deviate from the designed 55.5kHz. Therefore, if the frequency of the electrical signal output by thehost 10 is directly selected to be 55.5 kHz, it may deviate from the actual resonant frequency of thewaveguide rod 42, thereby causing the transmission efficiency of ultrasonic vibration to decrease.

图3是示意性示出根据本申请的实施例的超声刀的可接受频率区间和谐振频率的图示，其中横坐标表示频率f/kHz，纵坐标表示超声能量的传导效率e％。传导效率e％表示由波导杆42输出到作用部50的功率与由换能器20所产生的超声振动的功率的比例百分数。如图3所示，超声能量的传导效率e％在谐振频率f₂和f₁＝f₂×2下较高，而在其他频率下较低。在一些实施例中，可以将55.5kHz作为可接受频率区间的中心，将可接受频率区间的宽度设置为2kHz(即，±1kHz)，从而得到第一频率区间[f₁^-,f₁⁺]，即54.5kHz至56.5kHz。相应地，第二频率区间的上下限f₂^-、f₂⁺可以分别为第一频率区间的上下限f₁^-、f₁⁺的一半，例如f₂^-＝27.25kHz至f₂⁺＝28.25kHz。在每次更换新的波导杆42时，或者主机10因其他原因没有储存已锁定的第一谐振频率f₁的情况下，或者当医生或助手主动操作主机10以命令进行扫描时，主机10可以在第一频率区间[f₁^-,f₁⁺]内扫描以确定超声振动传导效率e％最高的第一谐振频率f₁以用于组织切割，并将该第一谐振频率f₁除以二以得到第二谐振频率f₂＝f₁/2以用于杀菌。替代地，主机10也可以在第二频率区间[f₂^-,f₂⁺]内扫描以确定超声振动传导效率e％最高的第二谐振频率f₂以用于杀菌，并将该第二谐振频率f₂乘以二以得到第一谐振频率f₁＝f₂×2以用于组织切割。应注意，以上可接受频率区间的中心和宽度仅为示例，并且可以根据实际需要灵活选择。3 is a diagram schematically illustrating acceptable frequency intervals and resonant frequencies of an ultrasonic blade according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein the abscissa represents the frequency f/kHz, and the ordinate represents the transmission efficiency e% of ultrasonic energy. The conduction efficiency e% represents the percentage of the ratio of the power output by thewaveguide rod 42 to theaction portion 50 to the power of the ultrasonic vibration generated by thetransducer 20 . As shown in FIG. 3 , the conduction efficiency e% of ultrasonic energy is higher at the resonant frequency f₂ and f₁ =f₂ ×2, and lower at other frequencies. In some embodiments, 55.5 kHz may be taken as the center of the acceptable frequency interval, and the width of the acceptable frequency interval may be set to 2 kHz (ie, ±1 kHz), resulting in the first frequency interval [f₁⁻ , f₁⁺ ] , ie 54.5kHz to 56.5kHz. Correspondingly, the upper and lower limits f₂⁻ , f₂⁺ of the second frequency interval may be half of the upper and lower limits f₁⁻ , f₁⁺ of the first frequency interval, respectively, for example, f₂⁻ =27.25kHz to f₂⁺ =28.25 kHz. Each time anew waveguide rod 42 is replaced, or thehost 10 does not store the locked_first resonant frequency f1 for other reasons, or when a doctor or assistant actively operates thehost 10 to command a scan, thehost 10 may Scanning within a first frequency interval [f₁⁻ , f₁⁺ ] to determine the first resonant frequency f₁ with the highest ultrasonic vibration conduction efficiency e% for tissue cutting, and dividing the first resonant frequency f₁ by two To obtain the second resonance frequency f₂ =f₁ /2 for sterilization. Alternatively, thehost 10 can also scan in the second frequency interval [f₂⁻ , f₂⁺ ] to determine the second resonance frequency f₂ with the highest ultrasonic vibration conduction efficiency e% for sterilization, and use the second resonance frequency The frequency f2 is multiplied by_two to obtain a first resonant frequency f1₌ f2 x₂ for tissue cutting. It should be noted that the above center and width of the acceptable frequency interval are only examples, and can be flexibly selected according to actual needs.

在不受任何理论限制的情况下，扫描可接受频率区间以确定对应于最高超声振动传导效率e％的谐振频率可以通过本领域已知或未来待开发的任意方法进行。在一些实施例中，可以通过主机10检测并比较换能器20的供电端子上的电压和电流相位，并将对应于最小相位差的频率确定为该可接受频率区间内的谐振频率。Without being bound by any theory, scanning the acceptable frequency interval to determine the resonant frequency corresponding to the highest ultrasonic vibration conduction efficiency e% can be performed by any method known in the art or to be developed in the future. In some embodiments, thehost 10 may detect and compare the voltage and current phases on the power supply terminals of thetransducer 20, and determine the frequency corresponding to the smallest phase difference as the resonant frequency within the acceptable frequency interval.

主机10配置为，通过调节主机10的电信号的频率，以驱动换能器20。换能器20产生谐振信号，主机10检测谐振信号并在第二频率区间[f₂^-,f₂⁺]内扫描，从而先锁定波导杆42处于第二谐振频率f₂，然后将第一谐振频率f₁锁定为第二谐振频率的两倍f₁＝f₂×2。或者，通过调节主机10的电信号的频率，以驱动换能器20。换能器20产生谐振信号，主机10检测谐振信号并在第一频率区间[f₁^-,f₁⁺]内扫描，从而先锁定波导杆42的第一谐振频率f₁，然后将第二谐振频率f₂锁定为第一谐振频率的一半f₂＝f₁/2。Thehost 10 is configured to drive thetransducer 20 by adjusting the frequency of the electrical signal of thehost 10 . Thetransducer 20 generates a resonance signal, and thehost 10 detects the resonance signal and scans in the second frequency interval [f₂⁻ , f₂⁺ ], so as to lock thewaveguide rod 42 at the second resonance frequency f₂ first, and then the first resonance frequency The frequency f₁ is locked to twice the second resonant frequency f₁ =f₂ ×2. Alternatively, thetransducer 20 is driven by adjusting the frequency of the electrical signal of thehost 10 . Thetransducer 20 generates a resonance signal, and thehost 10 detects the resonance signal and scans in the first frequency interval [f₁^- , f₁⁺ ], so as to lock the first resonance frequency f₁ of thewaveguide rod 42 first, and then the second resonance frequency The frequency f2 is locked to_half of the first resonant frequency f2₌ f1/₂ .

图4A-图4B是示意性示出根据本申请的实施例的超声刀的工作频率随时间变化的图示，其中横坐标表示时间，纵坐标表示振动频率，t＝0时间表示作用部50接触目标组织并且主机10开始输出电信号以驱动换能器20产生超声振动的时间，例如医生踩下开关60的时间。在一些实施例中，如图4A所示，振动频率在0时间至t₁时间为第二谐振频率f₂，例如约27.75kHz。然后，在t₁时间之后，振动频率变为第一谐振频率f₁，例如约55.5kHz。在此情况下，在对接触的目标组织用过第一谐振频率f₁进行切割之前，可以先在0至t₁时间内用较低的第二谐振频率f₂所产生的空化作用对目标组织附近进行局部灭菌，从而降低了感染可能性。4A-4B are diagrams schematically illustrating the change of the working frequency of the ultrasonic blade with time according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein the abscissa represents the time, the ordinate represents the vibration frequency, and the time t=0 represents the contact of theaction part 50 target tissue and thehost 10 begins outputting electrical signals to drive thetransducer 20 to generate ultrasonic vibrations, such as when the doctor depresses theswitch 60. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4A , the vibration frequency is the second resonant frequency f₂ fromtime 0 to time t₁ , eg, about 27.75 kHz. Then, after time t₁ , the vibration frequency becomes the first resonant frequency f₁ , eg, about 55.5 kHz. In this case, before the contacted target tissue is cut with the first resonant frequency f₁ , the target can be treated with the cavitation generated by the lower second resonant frequency f₂ during the time from 0 to t₁ Local sterilization near the tissue reduces the possibility of infection.

在一些实施例中，如图4B所示，从t＝0时间开始，振动频率在第一时间周期T₁内为第二谐振频率f₂，例如约27.75kHz。然后，振动频率在时间t₁变为第一谐振频率f₁并持续第二时间周期T₂，例如约55.5kHz。再之后，振动频率在时间t₂变为第二谐振频率f₂并持续第一时间周期T₁，以此类推。在此情况下，振动频率在第二谐振频率f₂与第一谐振频率f₁之间周期性地交替变化，从而对随着组织切割而暴露出来的新创面进行不断的杀菌，以进一步降低感染的可能性。应理解，图4A和图4B所示的时间点和时间周期仅出于示例目的，而不表示实际的时间、持续时间或其比例。In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4B , starting from time t=0, the vibration frequency is the second resonant frequency f₂ for the first time period T₁ , eg, about 27.75 kHz. Then, the vibration frequency changes to the first resonant frequency f₁ at time t₁ for a second time period T₂ , eg, about 55.5 kHz. After that, the vibration frequency changes to the_second resonant frequency f2 at time_t2 for the_first time period T1, and so on. In this case, the vibration frequency alternates periodically between the second resonant frequency f₂ and the first resonant frequency f₁ , so as to continuously sterilize the new wound surface exposed as the tissue is cut to further reduce infection possibility. It should be understood that the time points and time periods shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent actual times, durations, or proportions thereof.

图5是示出根据本申请的实施例的超声刀的操作的流程图。如上所述，超声刀需要锁定波导杆42的谐振频率以进行组织切割和灭菌操作。在超声刀的使用过程中，可能出现更换波导杆42的情景，例如，目标组织深度过深、波导杆42损坏或过热等。此时，将花费一定时间更换波导杆42，并且可能需要主机10在频率区间内进行重新扫描以锁定波导杆42的新的实际谐振频率。作为示例，可以在更换波导杆42之后，当医生踩下开关60时，主机10自动地重新扫描可接受频率区间，使得医生或助手无需在主机上操作按键或用户界面以命令主机10执行扫描。然而，由于间隔较长时间后也可能并未更换波导杆42(例如，进行了较复杂耗时的手术操作)，因此期望不必在该次间隔之后执行重新扫描以节省操作时间。FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the ultrasonic blade according to an embodiment of the present application. As mentioned above, the ultrasonic blade needs to lock the resonant frequency of thewaveguide rod 42 for tissue cutting and sterilization operations. During the use of the ultrasonic knife, the situation of replacing thewaveguide rod 42 may occur, for example, the depth of the target tissue is too deep, thewaveguide rod 42 is damaged or overheated, and the like. At this point, it will take some time to replace thewaveguide rod 42 and thehost 10 may need to rescan within the frequency interval to lock the new actual resonant frequency of thewaveguide rod 42 . As an example, thehost 10 may automatically rescan the acceptable frequency interval when the physician depresses theswitch 60 after replacing thewaveguide 42, so that the physician or assistant does not need to operate a key or user interface on the host to command thehost 10 to perform a scan. However, since thewaveguide rod 42 may not be replaced after a longer interval (eg, a more complex and time-consuming surgical procedure is performed), it is desirable to not have to perform a rescan after this interval to save operation time.

为了兼顾医生或助手的操作便利和节省时间，本申请设想在波导杆42上设置识别标签(未示出，例如，RFID标签)，并且在换能器20上设置传感器(未示出，例如，RFID传感器)。通过换能器20上的传感器对波导杆42上的识别标签进行识别，从而确定波导杆42是否已被更换。In order to take into account the operational convenience and time saving of the doctor or assistant, the present application envisages providing an identification tag (not shown, for example, an RFID tag) on thewaveguide rod 42, and providing a sensor (not shown, for example, an RFID tag) on thetransducer 20 RFID sensor). The identification label on thewaveguide rod 42 is identified by the sensor on thetransducer 20 to determine whether thewaveguide rod 42 has been replaced.

具体地，当自从换能器20上次(例如，指代为第N-1次)响应于来自主机10的电信号而产生超声振动之后尚未经过阈值时间时，由于不太可能在这样很短的时间内更换波导杆42，因此在本次(例如，指代为第N次)操作中，换能器20不需进行识别操作，主机10也不需进行重新扫描(除非医生或助手主动操作主机10以命令进行扫描)，而是直接使用之前锁定的第一谐振频率f₁和第二谐振频率f₂进行组织切割和灭菌操作。当自从换能器20上次响应于来自主机10的电信号而产生超声振动之后已经经过阈值时间时，传感器感测识别标签并与上次感测的识别标签进行比较。当所感测到识别标签与上次感测的识别标签相同时，表示并未更换波导杆42，因此换能器20不需进行操作，主机10也不需进行重新扫描(除非医生或助手主动操作主机10以命令进行扫描)，而是直接使用之前锁定的第一谐振频率f₁和第二谐振频率f₂进行组织切割和灭菌操作，从而节省了操作时间。Specifically, when the threshold time has not elapsed since the last time (eg, referred to as the N-1 th time) thetransducer 20 generated ultrasonic vibrations in response to an electrical signal from thehost 10 , since it is unlikely that such a short time Therefore, in this operation (for example, referred to as the Nth time), thetransducer 20 does not need to perform an identification operation, and thehost 10 does not need to rescan (unless a doctor or assistant actively operates the host 10). scan on command), but directly use the previously locked first resonant frequency f₁ and second resonant frequency f₂ for tissue cutting and sterilization operations. When a threshold time has elapsed since thetransducer 20 last generated ultrasonic vibrations in response to an electrical signal from thehost 10, the sensor senses the identification tag and compares it to the last sensed identification tag. When the sensed identification tag is the same as the last sensed identification tag, it means that thewaveguide rod 42 has not been replaced, so thetransducer 20 does not need to operate, and thehost 10 does not need to rescan (unless the doctor or assistant actively operates Thehost 10 scans by command), but directly uses the previously locked first resonant frequency f₁ and second resonant frequency f₂ for tissue cutting and sterilization operations, thereby saving operation time.

相应地，当所感测到识别标签与上次感测的识别标签不同时，将波导杆42的识别标签的变化报告给主机10，以指示波导杆42已经被更换。响应于波导杆42的识别标签变化的报告，主机10可以通过调节电信号的频率以驱动换能器20在频率区间内重新进行扫描，以锁定新的第一谐振频率f₁’和f₂’。在一些实施例中，主机10可以在第二频率区间(例如，27.25kHz至28.25kHz)之间进行扫描，以确定波导杆42的新的第二谐振频率f₂’。然后，将该第二谐振频率f₂’乘以二以得到波导杆42的新的第一谐振频率f₁’。替代地，在其他实施例中，主机也可以在第一频率区间(例如，54.5kHz至56.5kHz)之间进行扫描，以确定波导杆42的新的第一谐振频率f₁’。然后，将该第一谐振频率f₁’除以二以得到波导杆42的新的第二谐振频率f₂’。Accordingly, when the sensed identification tag is different from the last sensed identification tag, the change in the identification tag of thewaveguide rod 42 is reported to thehost computer 10 to indicate that thewaveguide rod 42 has been replaced. In response to the report of the change in the identification label of thewaveguide rod 42, thehost 10 can drive thetransducer 20 to re-scan within the frequency interval by adjusting the frequency of the electrical signal to lock the new first resonant frequencies f₁ ' and f₂ ' . In some embodiments,host 10 may scan between a second frequency interval (eg, 27.25 kHz to 28.25 kHz) to determine a new second resonant frequency f₂ ′ ofwaveguide rod 42 . Then, the second resonant frequency f₂ ′ is multiplied by two to obtain a new first resonant frequency f₁ ′ of thewaveguide rod 42 . Alternatively, in other embodiments, the host may also scan between a first frequency interval (eg, 54.5 kHz to 56.5 kHz) to determine a new first resonant frequency f₁ ′ of thewaveguide rod 42 . Then, the first resonant frequency f₁ ′ is divided by two to obtain a new second resonant frequency f₂ ′ of thewaveguide rod 42 .

应理解，可以对所公开的装置进行各种修改。因此，以上描述不应理解为限制，而仅是本公开的方面的举例。本领域技术人员将设想到在本公开的范围和精神内的其他修改。例如，一个所描述的方面的任意和全部特征可以适当地整合到另一方面中，并且该特征在一个方面中的有益效果可以预期在另一方面中实现。It should be understood that various modifications may be made to the disclosed apparatus. Therefore, the above description should not be construed as limiting, but merely as exemplifications of aspects of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will envision other modifications within the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. For example, any and all features of one described aspect may be suitably integrated in another aspect, and the benefits of such a feature in one aspect may be expected to be realized in another.

Claims (10)

1. An ultrasonic surgical system, comprising:

a host generating an electric signal for generating ultrasonic vibration;

a transducer receiving the electrical signal and generating ultrasonic vibrations in response thereto;

a shaft assembly including a waveguide rod having a first end connected to the transducer to conduct the ultrasonic vibrations generated by the transducer; and

an active portion at a second end of the waveguide rod configured to receive the ultrasonic vibration generated by the transducer conducted through the waveguide rod and output the received ultrasonic vibration,

wherein the host is configured to adjust the electrical signal to drive the transducer to generate ultrasonic vibrations in a first frequency interval or a second frequency interval, the upper and lower frequency limits of the first frequency interval being twice the upper and lower frequency limits of the second frequency interval,

wherein the waveguide rod has a first resonant frequency of the first frequency interval and a second resonant frequency of the second frequency interval, the first resonant frequency being twice the second resonant frequency.

2. The ultrasonic surgical system of claim 1, wherein the host is configured to drive the transducer by adjusting a frequency of an electrical signal of the host to produce a resonant signal, the host detecting the resonant signal and sweeping through the second frequency interval to lock the waveguide rod at a second resonant frequency and then lock the first resonant frequency at twice the second resonant frequency; alternatively, the host detects the resonant signal and scans within the first frequency interval, thereby locking the first resonant frequency of the waveguide rod first and then locking the second resonant frequency to half of the first resonant frequency.

3. The ultrasonic surgical system of claim 1, wherein the waveguide rod is to provide a conduction path for the ultrasonic vibrations, the shaft assembly further comprising:

a sleeve sleeved around the waveguide rod,

and the supporting parts are sleeved on the waveguide rod at intervals along the length direction of the waveguide rod and flexibly support the waveguide rod in the sleeve.

4. The ultrasonic surgical system of claim 3, wherein the position of the support along the length of the waveguide rod corresponds to at least some of the nodal positions produced by the waveguide rod at the second resonant frequency.

5. The ultrasonic surgical system of claim 1, wherein the first frequency interval is 54.5kHz to 56.5kHz and the second frequency interval is 27.25kHz to 28.25 kHz.

6. The ultrasonic surgical system of claim 1, wherein the host is configured to drive the transducer by varying the frequency of the electrical signal to first generate ultrasonic vibrations at the second resonant frequency for a first duration and then generate ultrasonic vibrations at the first resonant frequency for a second duration when the active portion contacts tissue.

7. The ultrasonic surgical system of claim 1, wherein the host is configured to drive the transducer by varying the frequency of the electrical signal to produce alternating ultrasonic vibrations at the second resonant frequency for the first duration and ultrasonic vibrations at the first resonant frequency for the second duration when the active portion contacts tissue.

8. The ultrasonic surgical system of claim 2, wherein the waveguide rod further has an identification tag, the transducer having a sensor that senses the identification tag.

9. The ultrasonic surgical system of claim 8, wherein:

the sensor is configured to sense the identification tag and compare with an identification tag sensed an N-1 th time when the transducer receives the electrical signal from the host an Nth time if a threshold time has elapsed since the transducer received the electrical signal from the host an N-1 th time, and

if the transducer has not elapsed a threshold time since the transducer received the electrical signal from the host from the N-1 st time, the transducer generates ultrasonic vibrations directly based on the locked first and second resonant frequencies from the N-1 st time.

10. The ultrasonic surgical system of claim 9, wherein:

if the sensed identification tag is the same as the sensed identification tag of the (N-1) th time, the transducer generates ultrasonic vibrations based directly on the locked first and second resonant frequencies of the (N-1) th time,

if the sensed identification tag is different from the N-1 th sensed identification tag, the transducer reports a change in the identification tag of the waveguide bar to the host, and

the host is configured to, in response to the reporting of the change in the identification tag of the waveguide rod:

locking the new second resonant frequency of the waveguide rod and locking the new first resonant frequency to twice the new second resonant frequency, or by adjusting the frequency of the electrical signal to drive the transducer to rescan in the second frequency interval

Locking the new first resonant frequency of the waveguide rod and locking the new second resonant frequency to half the new first resonant frequency by adjusting the frequency of the electrical signal to drive the transducer to rescan within the first frequency interval.

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