Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a device and a method for online measurement of the content of ferromagnetic particles in a solution, which are used for solving the problem that the content of ferromagnetic particles in a secondary loop solution of a nuclear power station cannot be represented in real time in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for online measurement of the content of ferromagnetic particles in a solution flowing in a main conduit, said apparatus comprising a branch conduit and a measurement module located on said branch conduit, both ends of said branch conduit being in communication with said main conduit;
The measuring module comprises a measuring tube, the measuring tube comprises a solenoid assembly, the solenoid assembly comprises a permanent magnet tube and a plurality of solenoids positioned in the permanent magnet tube, the axial direction of the solenoids is parallel to the axial direction of the permanent magnet tube, and channels for the solution to circulate are formed in the solenoids.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the solenoid includes a coil, and an insulation part wrapped outside the coil, both ends of the coil including a joint, wherein the joint of one end extends to the other end of the coil, the insulation part has a length greater than that of the coil, and one end of the insulation part is flush with one end of the coil. In some embodiments of the present invention, the insulating portion is made of an erosion-resistant material, one end of the insulating portion is flush with one end of the coil, and since the length of the insulating portion is longer than that of the coil, the other end of the insulating portion is a part more than that of the coil, and the end of the solenoid corresponding to the part more than that is the head end of the solenoid, i.e., the solution flows in from the end when flowing to the measuring tube. The insulation part has erosion resistance, so that the damage time of the end part of the coil caused by erosion can be prolonged.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the inner diameter of the solenoid tube is gradually increased from the center of the permanent magnet tube to the outside, and the connection material is filled between adjacent solenoids. In some embodiments of the present invention, since the flow rate of the solution in the center portion of the measuring tube is lower than the flow rate of the solution in the circumferential portion of the measuring tube when the solution is circulated in the measuring tube, the inner diameter of the solenoid provided in the center portion is smallest, and the inner diameter thereof is gradually increased from the center of the circle to the outside, so that small-sized ferromagnetic particles can pass through the solenoid from the center, and large-sized ferromagnetic particles can pass through the solenoid having a larger inner diameter near the outside due to the effect of gravity. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the inner diameters of the plurality of solenoids in the permanent magnet tube may not be arranged in the above manner, and solenoids with different inner diameters may be directly arranged in the permanent magnet tube, and even if ferromagnetic particles block the solenoids, the solenoids may be removed by post-maintenance.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the permanent magnet tube includes a permanent magnet and a housing wrapped outside the permanent magnet, the insulating portion of the solenoid adjacent to the housing is connected to the housing, and the length of the solenoid is less than or equal to the length of the housing. When the solution containing the ferromagnetic particles passes through the measuring tube, the ferromagnetic particles can be magnetized due to the strong magnetic field of the permanent magnet, so that the magnetic flux of the coil is changed, weak voltages are generated at two ends of the coil, and the content of the ferromagnetic particles can be further obtained according to analysis after the capturing, amplifying and recording of the weak voltages, so that the method is a mode for measuring the ferromagnetic particles. If the length of the solenoid is greater than the length of the housing, the connection between the measuring tube and the branch pipe is affected.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the solenoid has an inner diameter of 2-10mm, and the coil has a length less than or equal to the length of the permanent magnet. The permanent magnets generate a strong magnetic field which causes a change in the magnetic flux inside the coil, so the length of the coil cannot exceed the length of the permanent magnets.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the insulating parts and the housing are made of the same material as the connecting material, and are made of erosion resistant materials, so that the permanent magnet and the coil can be protected from erosion.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the measuring tube comprises a tube body, the axial direction of the solenoid being parallel to the axial direction of the tube body, the axial direction of the tube body being parallel to the flow direction of the solution flowing through the measuring tube. In some embodiments of the invention, the two ends of the pipe body are provided with flange connection surfaces, and the whole measuring pipe is connected with the branch pipe through the flange connection surfaces, so that the pipe is convenient to detach and good in tightness. In addition, the outer wall of the pipe body is ferromagnetic and can be used for isolating a magnetic field, namely, isolating an external magnetic field from a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, one end of the tube body is provided with a blocking portion, an outer wall of which is connected to an inner wall of the tube body, an end of which is flush with an end of the tube body, the blocking portion being used for placing the solenoid assembly. The solenoid assembly is integrally located within the tube body.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the measuring module comprises a filter for capturing ferromagnetic particles. In some embodiments of the invention, the filter comprises a first filter portion and a second filter portion for capturing ferromagnetic particles of different sizes, respectively. The filter element is arranged to collect and intensively process the ferromagnetic particles by the filter element to avoid the ferromagnetic particles flowing back to the main pipeline along with the solution, and the filter element is used for carrying out statistical analysis on the distribution positions of the ferromagnetic particles with different sizes on the filter element after the ferromagnetic particles are collected, so that reference opinion can be provided for the distribution of solenoids (how solenoids with different inner diameters are distributed) in the permanent magnet pipe.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the measuring module further comprises a measuring element, the connector being electrically connected to the measuring element.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the branch pipe comprises a first branch, a second branch and a third branch which are communicated in sequence, wherein the first branch is positioned between an inlet of the main pipe and the second branch, the third branch is positioned between the second branch and an outlet of the main pipe, and the measuring module is positioned on the second branch.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the first and second electrical modules are respectively arranged in the first branch and the third branch, wherein the first electrical module is used for controlling the flow rate, the pressure and the on-off time of the solution flowing from the first branch to the measuring module, and the second electrical module is used for controlling the flow rate, the pressure and the on-off time of the solution flowing from the second branch to the outlet of the main pipeline.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the first electrical module comprises a first pump and a first flow meter, and the second electrical module comprises a second pump and a second flow meter.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, a cooling assembly is provided in the first branch, a heating assembly is provided in the second branch, the cooling assembly being located between the main pipe inlet and the first pump, the heating assembly being located between the second pump and the main pipe outlet. In some embodiments of the invention, an electric valve and a compressor are also arranged between the cooling component and the heating component to form a heat exchange module together. The cooling component is a first heat exchanger, and the heating component is a second heat exchanger. When the temperature of the solution in the main pipe is higher than 100 ℃, the heat exchange module is used for reducing the temperature of the solution flowing to the first pump from the inlet of the main pipe to be lower than 100 ℃, and then heating the temperature of the solution flowing out of the second pump to be the same as the temperature of the solution in the main pipe. The heat exchange module is mainly used for being started to exchange heat when the temperature of the solution in the main pipeline is higher (higher than 100 ℃), and the heat exchange module does not need to be started when the temperature of the solution in the main pipeline is lower than 100 ℃.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the cooling assembly is provided with a first thermometer at an end thereof close to the first pump, and the heating assembly is provided with a second thermometer at an end thereof remote from the second pump. The arrangement of the positions of the first thermometer and the second thermometer enables the temperature of the solution flowing to the first pump and the temperature of the solution flowing out from the second pump and converging into the main pipe to be monitored more accurately. When the temperature does not reach the requirement, the first pump or the second pump is continuously turned off, so that the solution is continuously cooled or heated until the temperature reaches the standard, and the pump can be turned on to circulate the solution. When the heat exchange module needs to be started, refrigerant needs to be added into the heat exchanger, and heat conversion is carried out between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger.
The principle of the heat exchange process is that the temperature of the compressed gas is increased, and the temperature is decreased otherwise. The whole heat exchange process is as follows:
(1) Closing an electric valve in the heat exchange module;
(2) Starting a compressor, extracting gas in the first heat exchanger, compressing the gas into the second heat exchanger to raise the temperature and pressure of the gas (if the refrigerant is water, the refrigerant is liquefied after passing through the electric valve);
(3) The second heat exchanger transfers heat to liquid flowing in a branch pipeline positioned at the same position as the second heat exchanger in a heat conduction mode;
(4) Opening an electric valve, wherein the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger flows to the first heat exchanger through the electric valve because the refrigerant is in a high-pressure state, and the pressure of the refrigerant in a pipeline between the electric valve and the first heat exchanger is reduced, so that the temperature of the refrigerant is further reduced (if the refrigerant is water, the refrigerant is vaporized after passing through the electric valve);
(5) The liquid flowing in the branch pipe at the same position with the first heat exchanger heats the refrigerant in the first heat exchanger in a heat conduction mode, so that the temperature of the refrigerant is increased and the refrigerant is vaporized. The compressor draws gaseous refrigerant, the heat exchange circuit completes one cycle and enters the next cycle.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for online measurement of the content of ferromagnetic particles in a solution using the above device, comprising two methods, one passive and the other active.
When the solution flows to the measuring tube from the inlet of the main pipeline through the branch pipeline, ferromagnetic particles in the solution are magnetized by a strong magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet, so that the magnetic flux of a coil in the solenoid is changed, weak voltages are generated at two ends of the coil, and the weak voltages are subjected to signal capturing and amplifying through the measuring element and are compared with a voltage signal calibration curve to obtain the content of the ferromagnetic particles in the solution.
The active measuring method is that the solenoid is electrified with pulse-changing current, when the solution passes through the solenoid, ferromagnetic particles in the solution can cause the inductance of the coil in the solenoid to be increased, the inductance value is measured and recorded in real time, and compared with an inductance signal calibration curve, the content of the ferromagnetic particles in the solution can be obtained.
Specifically, the voltage signal calibration curve and the inductance signal calibration curve are obtained by adding spherical particles with known sizes into branch pipelines, enabling the spherical particles to pass through a measuring pipe, simulating the electric signal characteristics of ferromagnetic particles to be detected and recording signal values. The operation steps are as follows:
(1) Carrying out factory calibration of signals when the branch pipeline is not communicated with the main pipeline, closing valves at the inlet and the outlet of the main pipeline and taking down the device;
(2) A ferromagnetic material (preferably Fe4O3) is selected to be processed into spherical particles, and particles with the diameter of 0.5-100 mu m are selected during factory calibration;
(3) The measuring device is connected to a pure water tank with larger capacity (preferably 1m3) so that pure water can circulate in the branch pipeline;
(4) Taking out the filter element, starting the first pump and the second pump until the flow rate (preferably, the set flow rate is 1 m/s) is stable, dividing the prepared spherical particles into various batches according to the conditions of the same particle size and different particle sizes, wherein the total weight of each batch is preferably 10g, putting spherical particles with certain mass (preferably, the mass is 1 mg) into a pure water tank at intervals of 5-60 min, and continuously putting the spherical particles until the same batch is completely put after a circuit part acquires a stable signal;
(5) Closing the first pump and the second pump, closing the valve after the filter element is closed, installing the filter element, then starting the first pump and the second pump, and utilizing the filter element to filter and collect spherical particles in the pure water;
(6) Recording parameters such as the flow rate of the solution, the total amount of particles in the solution, a voltage value, an inductance value and the like, and respectively generating a voltage signal calibration curve and an inductance signal calibration curve.
Compared with the prior art, the device and the method for online measurement of the content of the ferromagnetic particles in the solution have the advantages that technical support is provided for real-time state monitoring of the secondary water sample through the arrangement of the branch pipeline and the measurement module, the content of the ferromagnetic particles in the water sample can be monitored in real time, and key parameters are provided for evaluation and analysis of chemical regulation effects of the secondary water sample.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one device for measuring the content of ferromagnetic particles in a solution on line
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the device for online measurement of the content of ferromagnetic particles in a solution in this embodiment includes a branch pipe, a measurement module and a heat exchange module 5, wherein the measurement module and the heat exchange module are located on the branch pipe, both ends of the branch pipe are communicated with the main pipe 1, and the solution in the two loops circulates in the main pipe 1. The branch pipeline comprises a first branch pipeline 2, a second branch pipeline 3 and a third branch pipeline 4, wherein the first branch pipeline 2 is positioned between an inlet of the main pipeline 1 and the second branch pipeline 3, the third branch pipeline 4 is positioned between the second branch pipeline 3 and an outlet of the main pipeline 1, a first electric module is arranged in the first branch pipeline 2, a measuring module is arranged in the second branch pipeline 3, a second electric module is arranged in the third branch pipeline 4, and a heat exchange module 5 is positioned between the first branch pipeline 2 and the third branch pipeline 4.
The measuring module comprises a measuring tube 31, a measuring element (not shown) and a filter 32. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the measurement pipe 31 therein includes a pipe body 311 and a solenoid assembly located inside the pipe body 311. The solenoid assembly comprises a permanent magnet tube and a plurality of solenoids positioned in the permanent magnet tube, wherein the axial direction of the solenoids is parallel to the axial direction of the permanent magnet tube, the axial direction of the solenoids is parallel to the axial direction of the tube body 311, the axial direction of the tube body 311 is parallel to the flowing direction of the solution flowing through the measuring tube 31, and a channel for the solution to circulate is formed in the solenoids. The solenoid includes a coil 315 and an insulating portion 314 wrapped around the outside of the coil 315, and two ends of the coil 315 include connectors 316, wherein the connectors 316 at one end extend to the other end of the coil 315, such that two connectors 316 are located at the same end of the coil 315 (as shown in fig. 5), and two connectors 316 on one solenoid are electrically connected to the measuring element. And the length of the insulating part 314 is greater than the length of the coil 315, and if one end of the insulating part 314 is flush with one end of the coil 315, the other end of the insulating part 314 is longer than the coil 315 by a part, and the end of the solenoid corresponding to the longer part is the head end of the solenoid, that is, when the solution flows into the measuring tube 31, the solution flows in from the end, and the excessive insulating part 314 has erosion resistance, so that the damage time of the end of the coil 315 due to erosion can be prolonged, and in the embodiment, the insulating part 314 is made of erosion resistant material. In addition, in order to place the solenoid assembly inside the pipe body 311, a blocking portion 317 (shown in fig. 4) is provided at one end of the pipe body 311, an outer wall of the blocking portion 317 is connected with an inner wall of the pipe body 311, and an end of the blocking portion 317 is flush with an end of the pipe body 311 so that the solenoid assembly can be integrally placed on the blocking portion 317.
The plurality of solenoids of the embodiment are uniformly arranged at intervals in the permanent magnet tube, connecting materials are filled between the adjacent solenoids, the plurality of solenoids are arranged in a mode that the inner diameters of the solenoids are gradually increased outwards from the circle center of the permanent magnet tube, the solenoids with the same inner diameter are positioned on the circumference of the same circle, and the inner diameters of the solenoids are 2-10mm. The connection material of this embodiment is the same as the preparation material of the insulating portion 314, and is also an erosion resistant material.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the permanent magnet tube in the present embodiment includes a permanent magnet 312 and a housing 313 made of erosion resistant material wrapped around the outside of the permanent magnet 312, and an insulating portion 314 of the solenoid close to the housing 313 is connected to the housing 313. The length of the solenoid is set to be less than or equal to the length of the housing 313, avoiding that the solenoid affects the connection between the measuring tube 31 and the branch pipe. In addition, the length of the coil 315 is set to be less than or equal to that of the permanent magnet 312, and since the permanent magnet 312 has a strong magnetic field, when the solution passes through the measuring tube 31, ferromagnetic particles therein are magnetized, thereby causing a change in magnetic flux in the coil 315, and generating weak voltages across the coil 315. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the coil 315 capable of generating a magnetic flux change is located within the range of the strong magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 312.
As shown in fig. 1, the filter 32 is located behind the measuring tube 31, and the filter 32 is mainly configured to capture ferromagnetic particles of different sizes, on one hand, the captured ferromagnetic particles can be collected and intensively disposed of to avoid flowing back into the main pipeline 1 with the solution, and on the other hand, the distribution positions of the ferromagnetic particles of different sizes on the filter 32 can be statistically analyzed to provide a reference opinion for the arrangement of solenoids (how solenoids of different inner diameters are arranged) in the permanent magnet tube.
As shown in fig. 1, the first electric module of the present embodiment includes a first pump 21 and a first flow meter 22 for controlling the flow rate, pressure and on-off time of the solution flowing from the first branch 2 to the measuring module, and the second electric module includes a second pump 41 and a second flow meter 42 for controlling the flow rate, pressure and on-off time of the solution flowing from the second branch 3 to the outlet of the main pipe 1. The first pump 21 and the second pump 41 may be used to control the flow of the solution, and the first flow meter 22 and the second flow meter 42 may be used to control the flow rate of the solution.
As shown in fig. 1, the heat exchange module 5 of the present embodiment includes a first heat exchanger 51, a second heat exchanger 52, a compressor 53, and an electrically operated valve, the first heat exchanger 51 being located between the inlet of the main pipe 1 and the first pump 21, the second heat exchanger 52 being located between the second pump 41 and the outlet of the main pipe 1, the compressor 53 and the electrically operated valve being located between the first heat exchanger 51 and the second heat exchanger 52. The first heat exchanger 51, the electric valve, the second heat exchanger 52 and the compressor 53 are connected to form a closed circuit. A first thermometer 54 is provided at the first heat exchanger 51 at an end close to the first pump 21, and a second thermometer 55 is provided at the second heat exchanger 52 at an end remote from the second pump 41. When the temperature of the solution in the main pipe 1 is higher than 100 ℃, the heat exchange module 5 is required to be started, the refrigerant is added into the heat exchangers, heat conversion is carried out between the first heat exchanger 51 and the second heat exchanger 52, and the heat exchange module 5 is used for reducing the temperature of the solution flowing from the main pipe 1 to the first pump 21 to be lower than 100 ℃ and heating the temperature of the solution flowing from the second pump 41 to be the same as the temperature of the solution in the main pipe 1. When the temperature of the solution in the main conduit is below 100 ℃, the heat exchange module 5 does not need to be turned on. The positions of the first thermometer 54 and the second thermometer 55 are set in order to more accurately monitor the temperature of the solution flowing toward the first pump 21 and the temperature of the solution flowing out from the second pump 41 and converging into the main pipe 1. When the temperature does not reach the requirement, the first pump 21 or the second pump 41 is continuously turned off, so that the solution is continuously cooled or heated until the temperature reaches the standard, and the pump can be turned on to circulate the solution.
Example two method for on-line measurement of the content of ferromagnetic particles in a solution
The solution flowing in the main pipe 1 passes through the first heat exchanger 51 from the inlet of the main pipe 1, flows through the first electric module, the measuring pipe 31, the filter 32 and the second electric module, then passes through the second heat exchanger 52, flows out from the outlet of the main pipe 1, when the solution passes through the measuring pipe 31, ferromagnetic particles in the solution are magnetized by a strong magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 312, and further the magnetic flux of a coil 315 in the solenoid is changed, so that weak post-voltage is generated at two ends of the coil 315, and as two connectors 316 of the coil 315 are connected with measuring elements, the weak voltage captures and amplifies signals through the measuring elements, records obtained voltage signals in real time, and compares the voltage signals with a voltage signal calibration curve, so that the content of the ferromagnetic particles in the solution can be obtained.
Embodiment III method for on-line measurement of the content of ferromagnetic particles in a solution
The method comprises the steps of electrically connecting a joint 316 of a coil 315 with a measuring element, then conducting pulse-changing current to a measuring tube 31, enabling a solution flowing in a main pipeline 1 to pass through a first heat exchanger 51 from an inlet of the main pipeline 1, pass through a first electric module, the measuring tube 31, a filter 32 and a second electric module, pass through a second heat exchanger 52 and flow out from an outlet of the main pipeline 1, enabling ferromagnetic particles in the solution to cause the inductance of the coil 315 of the solenoid to be increased when the solution passes through the solenoid in the measuring tube 31, recording the change of the inductance in real time, and comparing the change with an inductance signal calibration curve to obtain the content of the ferromagnetic particles in the solution.
The above embodiments are provided to illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the same, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be construed to be included in the scope of the present invention.