Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an optical detection device and a blood analyzer, which are used for solving the technical problems that the existing optical detection device is high in cost and is easily influenced by the environment.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides an optical detection apparatus, including a laser apparatus, a flow cell apparatus, a forward scattering collection apparatus, a side focusing lens, a dichroic mirror, a side fluorescence collection apparatus, and a side scattering collection apparatus;
the laser output by the laser device forms a first focus on the flow chamber device, and forms emitted light after passing through the flow chamber device, wherein the emitted light comprises small-angle emitted light and large-angle emitted light;
the small-angle emitted light reaches the front scattering and collecting device, and the large-angle emitted light sequentially passes through the lateral focusing lens and the dichroic mirror and then respectively reaches the lateral fluorescence collecting device and the lateral scattering and collecting device;
the front scattering collecting device and the lateral scattering collecting device respectively output cell volume detection data, intracellular nucleic acid content detection data and cell surface complexity detection data;
the laser device comprises a laser module and a cylindrical mirror mechanism, and the laser module outputs laser, is shaped by the cylindrical mirror mechanism and then is emitted to the flow chamber device;
the photodetectors of the front scattering collecting device, the lateral fluorescence collecting device and the lateral scattering collecting device are all Photodiodes (PDs).
Further, the front scattering collecting device comprises: the device comprises a straight stop diaphragm, a first photodiode and a first signal processing board;
the laser forms a second focus at a direct stop, which blocks the laser;
and after the small-angle emitted light passes through the straight stop diaphragm, the first photodiode converts an optical signal of the small-angle emitted light into a first electric signal, and the first electric signal is subjected to signal processing by the first signal processing board to obtain cell volume detection data.
Further, the large-angle emission light reaches the dichroic mirror through the focusing of the lateral focusing lens, the dichroic mirror divides the large-angle emission light into a first path of large-angle emission light and a second path of large-angle emission light, and the first path of large-angle emission light and the second path of large-angle emission light respectively reach the lateral fluorescence collecting device and the lateral scattering collecting device.
Further, the lateral fluorescence collecting device includes: the device comprises an aperture diaphragm, a long-pass filter, a second photodiode and a second signal processing board;
the first path of large-angle emitted light reaches the long-pass filter through the aperture diaphragm;
the long-pass filter filters the first path of large-angle emitted light;
and after passing through the long-pass filter, the second photodiode converts the first path of optical signal of the large-angle emitted light into a second electrical signal, and a second signal processing board processes the second electrical signal to obtain intracellular nucleic acid content detection data.
Further, the side scatter collecting device includes: an aperture diaphragm, a third photodiode and a third signal processing board;
and after the second path of large-angle emitted light passes through the aperture diaphragm, the third photodiode converts an optical signal of the second path of large-angle emitted light into a third electric signal, and a third signal processing board processes the third electric signal to obtain cell surface complexity detection data.
Further, the lateral focusing lens is an aspheric lens.
Furthermore, the cylindrical mirror mechanism is two cylindrical mirrors which are arranged vertically.
Further, the first signal processing board, the second signal processing board and the third signal processing board are signal processing boards of the same type.
In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a blood analyzer comprising the optical detection device of the first aspect.
The invention provides an optical detection device, which comprises a laser device, a flow chamber device, a front scattering and collecting device, a lateral focusing lens, a dichroic mirror, a lateral fluorescence collecting device and a lateral scattering and collecting device, wherein the front scattering and collecting device is arranged in the flow chamber device; laser output by the laser device forms a first focus on the flow chamber device, the flow chamber device provides a laser area after blood cells pass through the shaping one by one, and the first focus is formed in the direction perpendicular to the sample flow; post-lasing via the flow cell device to form an emitted light comprising a small angle emitted light and a large angle emitted light; the small-angle emission light reaches the front scattering and collecting device, and the large-angle emission light respectively reaches the lateral fluorescence collecting device and the lateral scattering and collecting device after sequentially passing through the lateral focusing lens and the dichroic mirror; the forward scattering collecting device, the lateral fluorescence collecting device and the lateral scattering collecting device respectively output cell volume detection data, intracellular nucleic acid content detection data and cell surface complexity detection data; the front scattering and collecting device comprises a laser module and a cylindrical mirror mechanism, and the laser module outputs laser which is shaped by the cylindrical mirror mechanism and then emitted to the flow chamber device; the photodetectors of the forward scattering collection device, the lateral fluorescence collection device, and the lateral scattering collection device are photodiodes.
By adopting the optical detection device provided by the invention, the laser module and the cylindrical mirror mechanism are adopted in the front scattering collecting device, the laser module is used for outputting the laser which is nearly collimated, and the cylindrical mirror mechanism shapes the laser, so that the laser which meets the laser output requirement is provided, the laser module replaces the original mode that a Laser Diode (LD) is combined with a non-spherical collimating lens for laser output, the practical cost of parts of the non-spherical collimating lens and the operation links of lens installation and debugging are saved, and the production cost of the optical detection device is reduced. In addition, the photoelectric detectors of the front scattering collecting device, the lateral fluorescence collecting device and the lateral scattering collecting device are all photodiodes, the photodiodes are used as the photodetectors, the cost of the photodiodes is only one tenth to one hundredth of that of avalanche diodes or photomultiplier tubes, the photodiodes are not easily influenced by ambient temperature and ambient light, the device is suitable for operating environments under multiple scenes, can work without a high-voltage power supply, and has low adaptation requirements on a signal processing board. Therefore, the photodiode not only greatly reduces the device cost of the photoelectric detector, but also further reduces the cost for setting a high-voltage power supply and the development cost of a signal processing board, thereby effectively solving the technical problems that the existing optical detection device has higher cost and is easily influenced by the environment.
Correspondingly, the blood analyzer provided by the invention also has the technical effects.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, as used in connection with the present embodiments, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
At present, the price of the blood analyzer in the market is generally expensive, and the price of a small office and a small medical center is generally difficult to bear, so that the use requirement of the small office cannot be met. The existing blood analyzer is mainly made of Avalanche Photo Diode (APD) or photomultiplier tube (PMT) and other devices, and the avalanche photo diode and the photomultiplier tube are high in cost and susceptible to weak ambient light, and the influence of ambient temperature change on detection accuracy is large.
Therefore, the existing blood analyzer has the technical problems of high cost and easy environmental influence.
To solve the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide an optical detection apparatus.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an optical detection apparatus, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, including a laser apparatus 1, aflow chamber apparatus 2, a forwardscattering collection apparatus 3, aside focusing lens 4, adichroic mirror 5, a sidefluorescence collection apparatus 6, and a sidescattering collection apparatus 7; the laser output by the laser device 1 forms a first focus on theflow chamber device 2, theflow chamber device 2 provides a laser area after blood cells pass through the shaping one by one, wherein the first focus is formed in the direction perpendicular to the sample flow; post-lasing via theflow cell device 2 to form emitted light, the emitted light comprising small angle emitted light and large angle emitted light; the small-angle emission light reaches a front scattering and collectingdevice 3, and the large-angle emission light sequentially passes through a lateral focusinglens 4 and adichroic mirror 5 and then respectively reaches a lateralfluorescence collecting device 6 and a lateral scattering and collectingdevice 7; the frontscattering collecting device 3 and the lateralfluorescence collecting device 6 and the lateralscattering collecting device 7 respectively output cell volume detection data, intracellular nucleic acid content detection data and cell surface complexity detection data; the laser device 1 comprises alaser module 11 and acylindrical mirror mechanism 12, and thelaser module 11 outputs laser which is shaped by thecylindrical mirror mechanism 12 and then emitted to theflow chamber device 2; the photodetectors of the forwardscatter collection device 3, the sidescatter collection device 6, and the sidescatter collection device 7 are all photodiodes.
By adopting the optical detection device provided by the embodiment of the invention, thelaser module 11 and thecylindrical mirror mechanism 12 are adopted in the laser device 1, thelaser module 11 is utilized to output nearly collimated laser, and thecylindrical mirror mechanism 12 shapes the laser to provide laser meeting the laser output requirement, so that thelaser module 11 replaces the original mode of combining a Laser Diode (LD) and a non-spherical collimating lens for laser output, the practical cost of parts of the non-spherical collimating lens and the operation links of lens installation and debugging are saved, and the production cost of the optical detection device is reduced. In addition, the photoelectric detectors of the frontscattering collecting device 3, the lateral fluorescence collectingdevice 6 and the lateralscattering collecting device 7 are all photodiodes, the photodiodes are used as the photoelectric detectors, the cost of the photodiodes is only one dozen to one hundredth of that of avalanche diodes or photomultiplier tubes, the photodiodes are not easily influenced by ambient temperature and ambient light, the device is suitable for operating environments under multiple scenes, can work without a high-voltage power supply, and has low adaptation requirements on a signal processing board. Therefore, the photodiode not only greatly reduces the device cost of the photoelectric detector, but also further reduces the cost for setting a high-voltage power supply and the development cost of a signal processing board, thereby effectively solving the technical problems that the existing optical detection device has higher cost and is easily influenced by the environment.
In a possible embodiment, the forwardbulk collecting device 3 comprises: the device comprises a straight stop diaphragm, a first photodiode and a first signal processing board; the laser forms a second focus at the straight light blocking diaphragm, and the second focus is blocked by the straight light blocking diaphragm; the first photodiode converts an optical signal of the small-angle emitted light into a first electric signal, and the first electric signal is processed by the first signal processing board to obtain cell volume detection data. Laser output by the laser device 1 interacts with cells in the flow chamber device to form emitted light, and part of laser which does not interact with the cells (namely leaked laser) is blocked by the straight stop diaphragm, so that the leaked laser is prevented from reaching the first photodiode and interfering signal acquisition of the first photodiode on the small-angle emitted light. That is, the front scattering and collectingdevice 3 blocks the leaked laser through the straight blocking diaphragm, receives the optical signal of the small-angle emitted light through the first photodiode, converts the optical signal into a first electric signal, and processes the first electric signal through the first signal processing board, so as to obtain the cell volume detection data. The first photodiode and the first signal processing board are arranged for optical signal processing, so that the production cost of the front scattering and collectingdevice 3 is reduced to the maximum extent.
In a possible embodiment, the high-angle emitting light reaches thedichroic mirror 5 through the focusing of the lateral focusinglens 4, thedichroic mirror 5 divides the high-angle emitting light into a first path of high-angle emitting light and a second path of high-angle emitting light, and the first path of high-angle emitting light and the second path of high-angle emitting light respectively reach the lateral fluorescence collectingdevice 6 and the lateralscattering collecting device 7. Thedichroic mirror 5 is arranged to divide the large-angle emission light into a first path of large-angle emission light and a second path of large-angle emission light, that is, thedichroic mirror 5 is used to distinguish lateral fluorescence from lateral scattering light (which has the same wavelength band as the excitation light), the first path of large-angle emission light, that is, the lateral fluorescence reaches the lateral fluorescence collectingdevice 6, and the second path of large-angle emission light, that is, the lateral scattering light reaches the lateralscattering collecting device 7.
In a possible embodiment, the lateral fluorescence collecting means 6 comprise: the device comprises an aperture diaphragm, a long-pass filter, a second photodiode and a second signal processing board; the first path of large-angle emitted light reaches the long-pass filter through the aperture diaphragm; the long-pass filter filters the first path of large-angle emitted light; and after passing through the long-pass filter, the first path of optical signal of the large-angle emitted light is converted into a second electric signal by the second photodiode, and the second electric signal is processed by the second signal processing board to obtain intracellular nucleic acid content detection data. The long-pass filter has the functions of allowing fluorescence to pass and stopping other light, so that the first path of high-angle emitted light passing through the aperture diaphragm retains fluorescence in the first path of high-angle emitted light under the action of the long-pass filter, the second photodiode converts a fluorescence signal in the first path of high-angle emitted light into a second electric signal, and finally the second electric signal is processed by the second signal processing board to obtain intracellular nucleic acid content detection data.
In a possible embodiment, the sidescatter collecting device 7 comprises: an aperture diaphragm, a third photodiode and a third signal processing board; and after the second path of large-angle emitted light passes through the aperture diaphragm, converting an optical signal of the second path of large-angle emitted light into a third electric signal by a third photodiode, and performing signal processing on the third electric signal by a third signal processing plate to obtain cell surface complexity detection data. The side scatteringcollecting device 7 receives the optical signal of the second path of large-angle emitted light through the aperture diaphragm and the third photodiode, and the third signal processing board processes the electrical signal of the second path of large-angle emitted light, so that cell volume detection data is obtained. And the third photodiode and the third signal processing board are utilized to process optical signals, so that the production cost of the side scatteringcollecting device 7 is reduced to the maximum extent.
In one possible embodiment, the lateral focusinglens 4 is an aspheric lens, and the aspheric lens is configured to focus the lateral fluorescence light (i.e., the first large angle emitting light) and the lateral scattered light (i.e., the second large angle emitting light).
In one possible embodiment, thecylindrical mirror mechanism 12 is two cylindrical mirrors disposed perpendicular to each other. Two mutually perpendicular cylindrical mirrors are arranged to focus the nearly collimated laser output by thelaser module 11, so that the laser forms a first focus perpendicular to the sample flow direction at theflow chamber device 2.
In one possible embodiment, the first signal processing board, the second signal processing board and the third signal processing board are signal processing boards of the same model. Because the photoelectric detectors of the front scattering and collectingdevice 3, the lateralfluorescence collecting device 6 and the lateral scattering and collectingdevice 7 are photodiodes, the signal processing boards of the three devices can be set to be signal processing boards of the same model, so that the signal acquisition and processing of the front scattering, the lateral and the fluorescence channels can be satisfied by only carrying out gain adjustment on the same signal processing board, corresponding control boards and signal processing boards do not need to be developed independently aiming at different photoelectric detectors, and the production cost of the optical detection device is further reduced.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a blood analyzer which comprises the optical detection device provided by the embodiment, and the blood analyzer adopting the optical detection device has the advantages of lower cost and high detection stability, and meets the blood analysis and detection requirements of small clinics and small medical centers.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined or explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.