CN115005986A - Personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device and method for unicondylar replacement surgery - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device and a personalized intelligent navigation and positioning method for a unicondylar replacement surgery, wherein the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for the unicondylar replacement surgery comprises a guide plate body, the guide plate body is provided with a bone cutting groove and a through hole with a rectangular cross section, the depth direction of the bone cutting groove is the same as the height direction of the through hole, the length direction of the bone cutting groove is the same as the depth direction of the through hole, the bottom of the bone cutting groove is higher than the top of the through hole, and the opening direction of the bone cutting groove faces the top of the guide plate body; the osteotomy opening of the osteotomy slot is directed toward the anterior superior iliac crest in flexion. Can avoid postoperative pain, prosthesis dislocation, loosening, subsidence, poor rotation alignment, postoperative infection and other complications caused by osteotomy of the traditional Chinese medicine root according to self experience, and improves the success rate of the operation and the survival rate of the prosthesis.

Description

Translated fromChinese

单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置及方法Personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device and method for unicondylar replacement surgery

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及外科器械技术领域，尤其涉及一种单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置及方法。The invention relates to the technical field of surgical instruments, in particular to a personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device and method for unicondylar replacement surgery.

背景技术Background technique

全膝关节置换术是治疗终末期膝关节骨关节炎的有效方法，但是对单纯一侧胫股关节间室退变严重而对侧间室无任何疼痛不适的病例，有学者推荐膝关节单髁置换术，其目的是替换胫股关节受破坏的软骨表面。与胫骨高位截骨及全膝关节置换术相比，单髁置换术具有创伤小、恢复快、费用少以及对翻修影响小等优势。Total knee arthroplasty is an effective method for the treatment of end-stage knee osteoarthritis. However, in the case of severe degeneration of one tibiofemoral joint compartment without any pain and discomfort in the contralateral compartment, some scholars recommend unicondylar knee joint Replacement surgery, the purpose of which is to replace the damaged cartilage surface of the tibiofemoral joint. Compared with high tibial osteotomy and total knee arthroplasty, unicondylar replacement has the advantages of less trauma, faster recovery, less cost, and less impact on revision.

由于早期假体工艺及设计方面的缺陷，单髁置换术很长一段时间不被临床所接受。近几年，随着手术技术、假体设计的改进及手术指征的明确，单髁置换术的应用获得了良好的近期疗效。但单髁置换术在假体安放和力线方面并无统一标准，而假体植入位置不准确是影响假体生存率非常重要的影响因素。Due to defects in early prosthesis technology and design, unicondylar replacement was not accepted clinically for a long time. In recent years, with the improvement of surgical technique, prosthesis design and clear surgical indications, the application of unicondylar replacement has achieved good short-term curative effect. However, there is no uniform standard for prosthesis placement and alignment in unicondylar replacement, and inaccurate implant placement is a very important factor affecting the prosthesis survival rate.

传统的关节置换术主要依靠截骨导板配合机械对线系统完成截骨、假体安放和肢体力线控制，其精确性在很大程度上依赖于术者的经验，需凭借手术医生的经验和手感定位解剖标志，存在主观误差，因此，亟需一种单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置及方法，来准确的确定截骨方向，确保截骨精度。The traditional joint replacement mainly relies on the osteotomy guide and the mechanical alignment system to complete the osteotomy, prosthesis placement and limb alignment control. There are subjective errors in tactile positioning of anatomical landmarks. Therefore, a personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device and method for unicondylar replacement surgery is urgently needed to accurately determine the direction of osteotomy and ensure the accuracy of osteotomy.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明提供一种单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置及方法，用以解决现有单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置难以确定截骨方向的技术问题，提高手术的成功率和假体的生存率。The invention provides a personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device and method for unicondylar replacement surgery, which are used to solve the technical problem that the existing personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery is difficult to determine the direction of osteotomy, and improve the success rate of the operation and the prosthesis. survival rate.

本发明提供一种单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，包括：导板本体，所述导板本体设有截骨槽和截面呈长方形的通孔，所述截骨槽的深度方向与所述通孔的高度方向相同，所述截骨槽的长度方向与所述通孔的深度方向相同，所述截骨槽的槽底高于所述通孔的顶部，所述截骨槽的截骨开口方向朝向所述导板本体的顶部；The invention provides a personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery, comprising: a guide plate body, the guide plate body is provided with an osteotomy groove and a rectangular through hole in cross section, and the depth direction of the osteotomy groove is the same as that of the through hole. The height direction of the hole is the same, the length direction of the osteotomy groove is the same as the depth direction of the through hole, the groove bottom of the osteotomy groove is higher than the top of the through hole, and the osteotomy opening of the osteotomy groove The direction is toward the top of the guide plate body;

其中，所述截骨槽的截骨开口在屈曲位时指向髂前上嵴。Wherein, the osteotomy opening of the osteotomy slot points to the anterior superior iliac crest in the flexed position.

根据本发明提供一种的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，所述通孔的第一侧壁在所述通孔高度方向的投影位于所述截骨槽的第二侧壁和第三侧壁在所述截骨槽深度方向的投影区域之间。According to the present invention, a personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery is provided, wherein the projection of the first side wall of the through hole in the height direction of the through hole is located on the second side wall and the third side wall of the osteotomy slot. The side wall is between the projection areas in the depth direction of the osteotomy slot.

根据本发明提供的一种单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，所述导板本体用于与所述胫骨相连的一侧为拟合连接侧；According to a personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention, the side of the guide plate body used for connecting with the tibia is the fitting connecting side;

所述拟合连接侧在第一高度位置设有第一拟合部和第二拟合部，所述第一拟合部和所述第二拟合部之间形成所述截骨槽；The fitting connection side is provided with a first fitting part and a second fitting part at a first height position, and the osteotomy groove is formed between the first fitting part and the second fitting part;

所述拟合连接侧在第二高度位置设有第三拟合部。The fitting connection side is provided with a third fitting part at the second height position.

根据本发明提供的一种单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，所述第一拟合部的长度大于所述第二拟合部的长度，所述第一拟合部用于延伸至前交叉韧带内侧。According to a personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention, the length of the first fitting portion is greater than the length of the second fitting portion, and the first fitting portion is used to extend to the front medial cruciate ligament.

根据本发明提供的一种单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，所述第一拟合部、所述第二拟合部和所述第三拟合部均朝垂直于所述导板本体的方向延伸。According to a personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention, the first fitting part, the second fitting part and the third fitting part all face the direction perpendicular to the guide plate body. direction extension.

根据本发明提供的一种单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，所述导板本体设有第一连接孔和第二连接孔，所述第一连接孔和所述第二连接孔均适于通过紧固件与所述胫骨相连；According to a personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention, the guide plate body is provided with a first connection hole and a second connection hole, and the first connection hole and the second connection hole are both suitable for tightening a fastener is connected to the tibia;

所述第一连接孔在所述导板本体上垂直设置，所述第二连接孔在所述导板本体上倾斜设置；the first connection hole is vertically arranged on the guide plate body, and the second connection hole is arranged obliquely on the guide plate body;

或所述第一连接孔在所述导板本体上倾斜设置，所述第二连接孔在所述导板本体上垂直设置。Or the first connecting hole is arranged obliquely on the guide plate body, and the second connecting hole is vertically arranged on the guide plate body.

根据本发明提供的一种单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，沿所述导板本体的竖直方向，所述第一连接孔和所述第二连接孔均位于所述通孔的下侧，所述竖直方向与所述截骨槽的深度方向相同；According to a personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention, along the vertical direction of the guide plate body, the first connection hole and the second connection hole are both located on the lower side of the through hole , the vertical direction is the same as the depth direction of the osteotomy groove;

所述第一连接孔的孔中心和所述第二连接孔的孔中心位于不同的高度位置。The hole center of the first connection hole and the hole center of the second connection hole are located at different height positions.

根据本发明提供的一种单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，所述截骨槽在屈曲位时指向髂前上嵴。According to a personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention, the osteotomy groove points to the anterior superior iliac crest in the flexed position.

根据本发明提供的一种单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，所述单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置为采用3D打印技术一体成型的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置。According to a personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention, the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery is an individualized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery that is integrally formed using 3D printing technology.

本发明还提供了一种单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置的使用方法，包括：The present invention also provides a method for using the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery, including:

将所述单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置与胫骨平台的拟合面进行拟合；Fitting the individualized intelligent navigation positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery with the fitting surface of the tibial plateau;

拟合完成后，通过紧固件对所述单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置进行固定；After the fitting is completed, the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery is fixed by fasteners;

利用摆锯，分别通过所述通孔及所述截骨槽进行矢状位及冠状位的截骨操作；Using a pendulum saw, respectively, perform sagittal and coronal osteotomy operations through the through hole and the osteotomy slot;

取下所述紧固件及所述单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，完成截骨操作。Remove the fastener and the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery to complete the osteotomy operation.

本发明还提供一种截骨器，包括：摆锯和前述的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，所述摆锯适于穿设于所述截骨槽和/或所述通孔内。The present invention also provides an osteotomy device, comprising: an oscillating saw and the aforementioned personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery, wherein the oscillating saw is adapted to be inserted into the osteotomy groove and/or the through hole .

本发明实施例提供的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置及方法，通过截骨槽和通孔来辅助进行精准的截骨，其中，由于截骨槽在屈曲位时指向髂前上嵴，能够使截骨更加精准，在截骨完成后，使假体能够精准的放置，避免截骨后假体放歪或悬空，若假体放歪或悬空则会在伸直和屈曲过程中导致假体磨损严重，会引起内侧软组织刺激疼痛，造成术后感染，还会增加垫片边缘载荷导致半月板衬垫的过度磨损，还会导致骨支撑不足，使其受力不均而易发生无菌性松动，造成假体脱位和下沉，因此，通过本方案可以避免术中医生根据自身经验进行截骨而造成术后疼痛、假体脱位、松动、下沉、旋转对位不良和术后感染等并发症，提高了手术的成功率和假体的生存率。The individualized intelligent navigation and positioning device and method for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the embodiments of the present invention assist accurate osteotomy through the osteotomy slot and the through hole. It can make the osteotomy more accurate. After the osteotomy is completed, the prosthesis can be placed accurately, so as to avoid the prosthesis being skewed or suspended after the osteotomy. Serious wear and tear of the body will cause pain and irritation of the medial soft tissue, cause postoperative infection, increase the edge load of the gasket, cause excessive wear of the meniscus liner, and cause insufficient bone support, making it uneven and prone to sterility. Therefore, this scheme can avoid postoperative pain, prosthesis dislocation, loosening, subsidence, poor rotational alignment and postoperative infection caused by osteotomy performed by the surgeon according to their own experience. and other complications, improving the success rate of surgery and the survival rate of prosthesis.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作以简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to illustrate the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are the For some embodiments of the invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

图1是本发明提供的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置的结构示意图之一；Fig. 1 is one of the structural representations of the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention;

图2是本发明提供的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置的结构示意图之二；Fig. 2 is the second structural schematic diagram of the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention;

图3是本发明提供的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置与胫骨相连时的结构示意图之一；3 is one of the structural schematic diagrams when the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention is connected to the tibia;

图4是本发明提供的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置与胫骨相连时的结构示意图之二；4 is the second schematic diagram of the structure when the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention is connected to the tibia;

图5是本发明提供的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置的安装示意图；5 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention;

图6是通过本发明提供的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置的截骨示意图之一；6 is one of the osteotomy schematic diagrams of the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention;

图7是通过本发明提供的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置的截骨示意图之二；7 is the second schematic diagram of the osteotomy of the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention;

图8是利用本发明提供的截骨器进行单髁胫骨截骨手术后，胫骨的结构示意图；8 is a schematic structural diagram of a tibia after performing a unicondylar tibial osteotomy using the osteotomy device provided by the present invention;

图9是对本发明提供的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置的安装及截骨流程示意图。FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the installation and osteotomy flow of the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention.

附图标记：Reference number:

1、导板本体；2、截骨槽；3、通孔；4、第一拟合部；5、第二拟合部；6、第三拟合部；8、第一连接孔；9、第二连接孔；10、第一侧壁；11、第二侧壁；12、第三侧壁；13、螺纹钉；14、摆锯。1. Guide plate body; 2. Osteotomy groove; 3. Through hole; 4. The first fitting part; 5. The second fitting part; 6. The third fitting part; 8. The first connecting hole; 9. The first fitting part Two connecting holes; 10, the first side wall; 11, the second side wall; 12, the third side wall; 13, the screw; 14, the swing saw.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图和实施例对本发明的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不能用来限制本发明的范围。The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

在本发明实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明实施例的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "portrait", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "left", "right" , "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, only for the convenience of describing this Inventive embodiments and simplified descriptions are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.

在本发明实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明实施例中的具体含义。In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, Or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention in specific situations.

在本发明实施例中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the first feature "above" or "under" the second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or the first and second features pass through the middle indirect contact with the media. Also, the first feature being "above", "over" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.

在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明实施例的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., mean specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structures, materials, or features are included in at least one example or example of embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples, without conflicting each other.

下面结合图1-图8描述本发明的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，该单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置包括导板本体1，在导板本体1上设有截骨槽2和截面呈长方形的通孔3，截骨槽2的深度方向与通孔3的高度方向相同，截骨槽2的长度方向与通孔3的深度方向相同，截骨槽2的槽底高于通孔3的顶部，截骨槽2的截骨开口方向朝向导板本体1的顶部。其中，截骨槽2的截骨开口在屈曲位时指向髂前上嵴。The individualized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8 . The individualized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery includes aguide plate body 1, and theguide plate body 1 is provided with anosteotomy slot 2 and The cross-section of the throughhole 3 is rectangular, the depth direction of theosteotomy groove 2 is the same as the height direction of the throughhole 3, the length direction of theosteotomy groove 2 is the same as the depth direction of the throughhole 3, and the groove bottom of theosteotomy groove 2 is higher than the throughhole 3. At the top of thehole 3 , the direction of the osteotomy opening of theosteotomy slot 2 is toward the top of theguide plate body 1 . Among them, the osteotomy opening of theosteotomy slot 2 points to the anterior superior iliac crest in the flexed position.

在本实施例中，通过截骨槽2和通孔3来辅助进行精准的截骨，其中，由于截骨槽2在屈曲位时(膝盖弯曲时)指向髂前上嵴，能够使截骨更加精准，在截骨完成后，使假体能够精准的放置，避免截骨后假体放歪或悬空，若假体放歪或悬空则会在伸直和屈曲过程中导致假体磨损严重，会引起内侧软组织刺激疼痛，造成术后感染，还会增加假体边缘载荷导致半月板衬垫的过度磨损，还会导致骨支撑不足，使其受力不均而易发生无菌性松动，造成假体脱位和下沉，因此，通过本方案可以避免术中医生根据自身经验进行截骨而造成术后疼痛、假体脱位、松动、下沉、旋转对位不良和术后感染等并发症，提高了手术的成功率和假体的生存率。In this embodiment, precise osteotomy is assisted by theosteotomy slot 2 and the throughhole 3, wherein, since theosteotomy slot 2 points to the anterior superior iliac crest in the flexed position (when the knee is bent), the osteotomy can be more Precise, after the osteotomy is completed, the prosthesis can be placed accurately, and the prosthesis can be prevented from being slanted or suspended after the osteotomy. It will cause irritation and pain of the medial soft tissue, cause postoperative infection, increase the load on the edge of the prosthesis, cause excessive wear of the meniscus liner, and also lead to insufficient bone support, which makes it prone to aseptic loosening due to uneven force, resulting in false Therefore, this scheme can avoid complications such as postoperative pain, prosthesis dislocation, loosening, subsidence, poor rotational alignment and postoperative infection caused by osteotomy performed by doctors during surgery based on their own experience. Surgical success and prosthesis survival.

其中，截骨槽2为矢状位截骨槽，在进行单髁胫骨截骨手术时，截骨槽2位于内侧髁间嵴的内侧斜坡上，此时截骨槽2可以起到很好的参考标志作用，且由于截骨槽2的上侧在导板本体1的顶部形成截骨缺口，可以十分便于利用摆锯14进行切割。Among them, theosteotomy groove 2 is a sagittal osteotomy groove. When performing a unicondylar tibial osteotomy, theosteotomy groove 2 is located on the medial slope of the medial intercondylar ridge. At this time, theosteotomy groove 2 can play a very good role. Because the upper side of theosteotomy groove 2 forms an osteotomy notch on the top of theguide plate body 1, it is very convenient to use the oscillating saw 14 for cutting.

膝关节在屈曲和伸直过程中，势必会伴随有胫骨相对于股骨的内外旋，倘若截骨精度不够，假体安装位置有放歪或悬空的可能，在屈曲和伸直过程中会引起内侧软组织刺激疼痛，甚至术后感染，同时，胫骨假体的悬空不仅会增加垫片边缘载荷导致半月板衬垫的过度磨损，还会导致骨支撑不足，使其受力不均而易发生无菌性松动，造成假体脱位和下沉。通过本方案中的截骨导板进行辅助截骨，可以精确的把握截骨方向，在截骨完成并进行假体放置后，可以使假体能更好的满足膝关节在屈曲和伸直过程中生理上的内外旋。In the process of flexion and extension of the knee joint, the tibia is bound to rotate internally and externally relative to the femur. If the osteotomy accuracy is not enough, the prosthesis installation position may be skewed or suspended, which may cause medial side effects during flexion and extension. Soft tissue irritation and pain, and even postoperative infection, at the same time, the suspension of the tibial prosthesis will not only increase the edge load of the shim and cause excessive wear of the meniscus liner, but also lead to insufficient bone support, making it uneven and prone to sterility. Sexual loosening, resulting in prosthesis dislocation and subsidence. Using the osteotomy guide in this scheme to perform auxiliary osteotomy, the direction of the osteotomy can be accurately grasped. After the osteotomy is completed and the prosthesis is placed, the prosthesis can better satisfy the knee joint in the process of flexion and extension. Physiological internal and external rotation.

通孔3的结构可以使通孔3的两端均为封闭设计，如图1所示，通孔3的左侧位于靠近截骨槽2下侧的位置，通孔3的右侧为封闭设置，如图1可知，通孔3的左侧也为封闭设置。将通孔3的右侧设置为封闭状态，可以避免在手术过程中由于保护不到位而伤及内侧副韧带。The structure of the throughhole 3 can make both ends of the throughhole 3 closed. As shown in Figure 1, the left side of the throughhole 3 is located close to the lower side of theosteotomy slot 2, and the right side of the throughhole 3 is closed. 1, the left side of the throughhole 3 is also closed. Setting the right side of the throughhole 3 in a closed state can avoid injury to the medial collateral ligament due to insufficient protection during the operation.

根据本发明提供的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，通孔3的第一侧壁10在通孔3高度方向的投影位于截骨槽2的第二侧壁11和第三侧壁12在截骨槽2深度方向的投影区域之间。具体的通孔3的第一侧壁10可以与截骨槽2的第二侧壁11的投影重合。利用这样的方式可以使摆锯14通过截骨槽2和通孔3进行切割后，其中一侧的切割位置相适配，更好的保证精确的截骨。According to the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention, the projection of thefirst side wall 10 of the throughhole 3 in the height direction of the throughhole 3 is located on thesecond side wall 11 and thethird side wall 12 of theosteotomy slot 2 Between the projection areas of theosteotomy groove 2 in the depth direction. Thefirst side wall 10 of the specific throughhole 3 may coincide with the projection of thesecond side wall 11 of theosteotomy slot 2 . In this way, after the oscillating saw 14 cuts through theosteotomy slot 2 and the throughhole 3, the cutting positions of one side can be adapted to better ensure accurate osteotomy.

其中，导板本体1用于与胫骨相连的一侧为拟合连接侧，拟合连接侧在第一高度位置处设置有第一拟合部4和第二拟合部5，拟合连接侧在第二高度位置处设置有第三拟合部6，在第一拟合部4和第二拟合部5之间形成截骨槽2。如图1和图2所示，第一拟合部4、第二拟合部5和第三拟合部6的连接面的形状与胫骨相对应的位置的形状相同，第一拟合部4、第二拟合部5和第三拟合部6用于与相对应的胫骨区域精准拟合，实现导板本体1与胫骨之间精准连接。Wherein, the side of theguide plate body 1 for connecting with the tibia is the fitting connection side, the fitting connection side is provided with a firstfitting part 4 and a secondfitting part 5 at the first height position, and the fitting connection side is at the first height position. A thirdfitting portion 6 is provided at the second height position, and anosteotomy groove 2 is formed between the firstfitting portion 4 and the secondfitting portion 5 . As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the shape of the connecting surfaces of the firstfitting part 4 , the secondfitting part 5 and the thirdfitting part 6 is the same as the shape of the position corresponding to the tibia, and the firstfitting part 4 , The secondfitting part 5 and the thirdfitting part 6 are used for accurate fitting with the corresponding tibial region, so as to realize the precise connection between theguide plate body 1 and the tibia.

可以理解的是，截骨槽2包括有两部分，一部分位于导板本体1上，另一部分由第一拟合部4和第二拟合部5之间的间隙形成，两部分相连通形成截骨槽2。It can be understood that theosteotomy slot 2 includes two parts, one part is located on theguide plate body 1, the other part is formed by the gap between the firstfitting part 4 and the secondfitting part 5, and the two parts are connected to form the osteotomy.slot 2.

沿导板本体1的竖直方向(也即截骨槽的深度方向)，第一高度位置高于第二高度位置，在本发明实施例中，第一高度位置为导板本体1竖直方向的顶部，第二高度位置为导板本体1的竖直方向中部。Along the vertical direction of the guide plate body 1 (that is, the depth direction of the osteotomy groove), the first height position is higher than the second height position. In the embodiment of the present invention, the first height position is the top of theguide plate body 1 in the vertical direction. , the second height position is the middle of theguide plate body 1 in the vertical direction.

第一拟合部4和第二拟合部5设置于导板本体1的拟合连接侧的顶部位置，以使第一拟合部4和第二拟合部5能拟合挂接在胫骨的上侧区域，第三拟合部6大致设置于导板本体1的拟合连接侧的中部区域，在进行单髁胫骨截骨手术时，第三拟合部6位于胫骨前方内侧，且第三拟合部6避让了髌韧带，在术中更方便拟合。The firstfitting part 4 and the secondfitting part 5 are arranged at the top position of the fitting connection side of theguide plate body 1, so that the firstfitting part 4 and the secondfitting part 5 can be fitted and hooked on the tibia. In the upper area, the thirdfitting part 6 is generally arranged in the middle area of the fitting and connecting side of theguide plate body 1. During the unicondylar tibial osteotomy, the thirdfitting part 6 is located at the front and inner side of the tibia, and the thirdfitting part 6 is located at the front and inner side of the tibia. Thejoint part 6 avoids the patellar ligament, which is more convenient for fitting during the operation.

其中，第一拟合部4、第二拟合部5和第三拟合部6的拟合区域(也即与胫骨的连接区域)为凹凸不平的形状，可以增强导板的拟合稳定性。The fitting regions of the firstfitting portion 4 , the secondfitting portion 5 and the third fitting portion 6 (ie, the connection region with the tibia) are uneven shapes, which can enhance the fitting stability of the guide plate.

根据本发明提供的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，第一拟合部4的长度大于第二拟合部5的长度，第一拟合部4用于延伸至前交叉韧带内侧，如图4所示，第一拟合部4位于导板本体1靠左侧的位置，第一拟合部4的能延伸至前交叉韧带内侧，从而保护前交叉韧带，以防止在矢状位截骨时伤及前交叉韧带。According to the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention, the length of the firstfitting portion 4 is greater than the length of the secondfitting portion 5, and the firstfitting portion 4 is used to extend to the inner side of the anterior cruciate ligament, such as As shown in FIG. 4 , the firstfitting portion 4 is located on the left side of theguide plate body 1 , and the firstfitting portion 4 can extend to the inside of the anterior cruciate ligament, thereby protecting the anterior cruciate ligament and preventing sagittal osteotomy Injury to the anterior cruciate ligament.

如图4所示，第一拟合部4的宽度远小于第二拟合部5的宽度。As shown in FIG. 4 , the width of the firstfitting portion 4 is much smaller than the width of the secondfitting portion 5 .

其中，第一拟合部4、第二拟合部5和第三拟合部6均朝垂直于导板本体1的方向延伸，以使第一拟合部4、第二拟合部5和第三拟合部6能很好的与胫骨实现拟合相连。The firstfitting part 4, the secondfitting part 5 and the thirdfitting part 6 all extend in the direction perpendicular to theguide plate body 1, so that the firstfitting part 4, the secondfitting part 5 and the The threefitting parts 6 can be well fitted and connected with the tibia.

根据本发明提供的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，在导板本体1上开设有第一连接孔8和第二连接孔9，其中，第一连接孔8和第二连接孔9均适于通过紧固件与胫骨相连。可以理解的是，导板本体1一方面通过第一拟合部4、第二拟合部5和第三拟合部6与胫骨拟合相连后实现精准的定位和连接，另一方面通过紧固件配合第一连接孔8和第二连接孔9，来使导板本体1的固定更加牢靠。According to the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention, theguide plate body 1 is provided with afirst connection hole 8 and asecond connection hole 9 , wherein thefirst connection hole 8 and thesecond connection hole 9 are both suitable for Connected to the tibia with fasteners. It can be understood that, on the one hand, theguide plate body 1 is fitted and connected to the tibia through the firstfitting part 4, the secondfitting part 5 and the thirdfitting part 6 to achieve precise positioning and connection; The fittings are matched with thefirst connection hole 8 and thesecond connection hole 9 to make the fixing of theguide plate body 1 more reliable.

其中，第一连接孔8在导板本体1上垂直设置，第二连接孔9在导板本体1上倾斜设置。此时，紧固件从第一连接孔8垂直打入胫骨，紧固件从第二连接孔9斜向打入胫骨，以使第一连接孔8和第二连接孔9在空间上互不干涉，这样可以加强导板本体1的固定性，有效避免单髁胫骨截骨过程中导板本体1松动而导致截骨倾斜的可能。Wherein, the first connectinghole 8 is vertically arranged on theguide plate body 1 , and the second connectinghole 9 is arranged obliquely on theguide plate body 1 . At this time, the fastener is vertically driven into the tibia from the first connectinghole 8, and the fastener is driven obliquely into the tibia from the second connectinghole 9, so that the first connectinghole 8 and the second connectinghole 9 are spaced apart from each other. In this way, the fixation of theguide plate body 1 can be strengthened, and the possibility that theguide plate body 1 is loosened during the unicondylar tibial osteotomy, which may lead to the inclination of the osteotomy, can be effectively avoided.

在本发明的另一个实施例中，第一连接孔8在导板本体1上倾斜设置，第二连接孔9在导板本体1上垂直设置，此时，紧固件从第一连接孔8斜向打入胫骨，紧固件从第二连接孔9垂直打入胫骨，以使第一连接孔8和第二连接孔9在空间上互不干涉，这样可以加强导板本体1的固定性，有效避免单髁胫骨截骨过程中导板本体1松动而导致截骨倾斜的可能。In another embodiment of the present invention, the first connectinghole 8 is arranged obliquely on theguide plate body 1 , and the second connectinghole 9 is vertically arranged on theguide plate body 1 . At this time, the fastener is inclined from the first connectinghole 8 to Drive into the tibia, and the fasteners are vertically driven into the tibia from thesecond connection hole 9, so that thefirst connection hole 8 and thesecond connection hole 9 do not interfere with each other in space, which can strengthen the fixation of theguide plate body 1 and effectively avoid During the unicondylar tibial osteotomy, theguide plate body 1 loosens and the osteotomy is inclined.

其中，沿导板本体1的竖直方向，第一连接孔8和第二连接孔9均位于通孔3的下侧，其中，导板本体1的竖直方向与截骨槽2的深度方向相同，在进行单髁胫骨截骨时，摆锯14会从通孔3中穿过以对胫骨进行截骨，由于通孔3的上方区域利用了第一拟合部4和第二拟合部5来实现导板本体1的连接，且通孔3的下方区域利用了第一连接孔8、第二连接孔9配合紧固件来实现导板本体1的连接，这样便可使通孔3的位置十分稳定，不会出现术中截骨位置出现偏移的情况。Wherein, along the vertical direction of theguide plate body 1, the first connectinghole 8 and the second connectinghole 9 are located on the lower side of the throughhole 3, wherein the vertical direction of theguide plate body 1 is the same as the depth direction of theosteotomy slot 2, When performing unicondylar tibial osteotomy, the oscillating saw 14 will pass through the throughhole 3 to perform osteotomy on the tibia, since the upper area of the throughhole 3 uses the firstfitting part 4 and the secondfitting part 5 to The connection of theguide plate body 1 is realized, and the lower area of the throughhole 3 uses thefirst connection hole 8 and thesecond connection hole 9 to cooperate with the fastener to realize the connection of theguide plate body 1, so that the position of the throughhole 3 can be very stable. , there will be no deviation of the osteotomy position during the operation.

第一连接孔8的孔中心和第二连接孔9的孔中心位于不同的高度位置，可以理解的是，在利用紧固件进行导板本体1位置的进一步固定时，两个紧固件可以在导板本体1的不同高度位置进行辅助固定，从而使导板本体1能固定的更加牢靠。The hole center of thefirst connection hole 8 and the hole center of thesecond connection hole 9 are located at different heights. The different height positions of theguide plate body 1 are assisted to fix, so that theguide plate body 1 can be fixed more firmly.

根据本发明提供的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置为采用3D打印技术一体成型的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，也即，根据不同患者的胫骨状态，采用3D打印技术制造不同的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，以使第一拟合部4、第二拟合部5和第三拟合部6能精准的与不同患者的胫骨进行拟合连接，实现单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置的个性化设计。According to the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention, the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery is an individualized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery that is integrally formed by 3D printing technology, that is, according to different According to the patient's tibia status, 3D printing technology is used to manufacture different personalized intelligent navigation and positioning devices for unicondylar replacement surgery, so that the firstfitting part 4, the secondfitting part 5 and the thirdfitting part 6 can be accurately and different from each other. The patient's tibia is fitted and connected to realize the personalized design of the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery.

本发明提供的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，具有三个拟合区域，能更加精准的放置并贴附导板本体1，实现精准的截骨，避免由于截骨不准而造成多次截骨，减少了手术时间，降低了手术风险，有利于患者术后恢复，降低了翻修概率，同时提高了手术的成功率和假体的生存率。The personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery provided by the present invention has three fitting areas, which can place and attach theguide plate body 1 more accurately, realize accurate osteotomy, and avoid repeated osteotomy due to inaccurate osteotomy. Osteotomy reduces the operation time, reduces the operation risk, is beneficial to the patient's postoperative recovery, reduces the probability of revision, and at the same time improves the success rate of the operation and the survival rate of the prosthesis.

接下来，参见图9，对单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置的安装及截骨过程进行描述。具体的，包括以下步骤：Next, referring to FIG. 9 , the installation and osteotomy process of the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery will be described. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

步骤90：开始Step 90: Start

步骤91：去除胫骨平台与单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置进行拟合时的拟合面上的软骨。Step 91 : remove the cartilage on the fitting surface when the tibial plateau is fitted with the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery.

步骤92：将单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置与胫骨平台的拟合面进行拟合(如图3所示)，即，导航定位装置拟合胫骨前内侧。Step 92 : Fit the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery to the fitting surface of the tibial plateau (as shown in FIG. 3 ), that is, the navigation and positioning device is fitted to the anterior and medial tibia.

步骤93：将两个螺纹钉13分别植入第一连接孔8和第二连接孔9中(如图5所示)，实现导航定位装置与胫骨之间的固定，其中螺纹钉13可以为上文提到的紧固件。Step 93: Implant the twoscrew screws 13 into thefirst connection hole 8 and thesecond connection hole 9 respectively (as shown in FIG. 5 ) to realize the fixation between the navigation positioning device and the tibia, wherein thescrew screw 13 can be the upper Fasteners mentioned in the text.

步骤94：利用摆锯14沿着通孔3的方向进行截骨操作(如图6所示)，即进行冠状位截骨。在沿通孔3的方向将胫骨截穿后，停止截骨。Step 94 : use the oscillating saw 14 to perform an osteotomy operation along the direction of the through hole 3 (as shown in FIG. 6 ), that is, perform a coronal osteotomy. After the tibia is cut in the direction of the throughhole 3, the osteotomy is stopped.

步骤95：利用摆锯14沿着截骨槽2的深度方向进行截骨操作(如图7所示)，即进行矢状位截骨。在摆锯14沿截骨槽2的深度方向截骨至截骨槽2的最低处时，停止截骨。Step 95 : use the oscillating saw 14 to perform an osteotomy operation along the depth direction of the osteotomy groove 2 (as shown in FIG. 7 ), that is, perform a sagittal osteotomy. When the oscillating saw 14 cuts the osteotomy to the lowest position of theosteotomy groove 2 along the depth direction of theosteotomy groove 2 , the osteotomy is stopped.

步骤96：将两个螺纹钉13分别从第一连接孔8和第二连接孔9中拆除，取下单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置及被截骨部分(如图8所示)，完成截骨操作。Step 96: Remove the two threadednails 13 from thefirst connection hole 8 and thesecond connection hole 9 respectively, remove the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery and the osteotomy (as shown in Figure 8), Complete the osteotomy.

步骤97：结束。Step 97: End.

接下来，对单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置的规划方法进行示例性说明。Next, the planning method of the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery is exemplified.

首先，根据患者骨模型确定胫骨机械轴(膝关节中心至踝关节中心连线)，进而确定横断面，其中，横断面垂直于机械轴；First, determine the mechanical axis of the tibia (the line connecting the center of the knee joint to the center of the ankle joint) according to the patient's bone model, and then determine the cross section, where the cross section is perpendicular to the mechanical axis;

然后，根据后交叉韧带中点到胫骨结节内侧缘连线确定Akagi线，确定矢状面；Then, the Akagi line was determined according to the line connecting the midpoint of the posterior cruciate ligament to the medial border of the tibial tubercle, and the sagittal plane was determined;

其次，在失状位上测量患者胫骨内侧后倾角，其中，胫骨内侧后倾角一般为0-7°；Second, measure the patient's medial tibia retroversion angle in the deviated position, where the medial tibia retroversion angle is generally 0-7°;

再次，确定通孔的位置，即沿通孔进行横向截骨的方向与患者胫骨后倾角保持一致，截骨厚度距离平台内侧最低点2-5mm；Third, determine the position of the through hole, that is, the direction of transverse osteotomy along the through hole should be consistent with the posterior inclination angle of the patient's tibia, and the thickness of the osteotomy is 2-5mm from the lowest point on the inner side of the platform;

最后，确定截骨槽的位置，即沿截骨槽进行失状位截骨的方向在膝关节处于屈曲位时指向髂前上嵴，截骨位置位于距内侧髁间嵴1-2mm；根据通孔和截骨槽的位置，设计生成完整的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置的模型，通过该模型进行3D打印，制成本发明的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置。Finally, determine the position of the osteotomy groove, that is, the direction of the deviated osteotomy along the osteotomy groove points to the anterior superior iliac crest when the knee joint is in the flexed position, and the osteotomy position is located 1-2 mm away from the medial intercondylar ridge; The position of the hole and the osteotomy slot is designed to generate a complete model of the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery, and the model is 3D printed to make the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery of the present invention.

另一方面，本发明提供了一种单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置的使用方法，包括：On the other hand, the present invention provides a method of using a personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery, including:

将所述单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置与胫骨平台的拟合面进行拟合；Fitting the individualized intelligent navigation positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery with the fitting surface of the tibial plateau;

拟合完成后，通过紧固件对所述单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置进行固定；After the fitting is completed, the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery is fixed by fasteners;

利用摆锯14，分别通过所述通孔及所述截骨槽进行矢状位及冠状位的截骨操作；Using the oscillating saw 14, the sagittal and coronal osteotomy operations are performed through the through hole and the osteotomy slot respectively;

取下所述紧固件及所述单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，完成截骨操作。Remove the fastener and the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery to complete the osteotomy operation.

另一方面，本发明还提供一种截骨器，该截骨器包括摆锯14和前述实施例中的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，其中，摆锯14适于穿设于截骨槽2和/或通孔3内，在进行单髁胫骨截骨手术时，如图3和图4所示，先利用第一拟合部4、第二拟合部5和第三拟合部6将导板本体1准确的固定于胫骨上，再通过紧固件配合第一连接孔8和第二连接孔9来使导板本体1的位置稳固，然后使用摆锯14先后沿截骨槽2和通孔3进行截骨，从而完成胫骨侧的截骨手术，进而使胫骨截骨后形成如图5所示的形状。On the other hand, the present invention also provides an osteotomy device, which includes an oscillating saw 14 and the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery in the foregoing embodiment, wherein the oscillating saw 14 is suitable for passing through the oscillating saw 14 . In thebone groove 2 and/or the throughhole 3, when performing a unicondylar tibial osteotomy, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the firstfitting part 4, the secondfitting part 5 and the third fitting part are used first.Part 6 accurately fixes theguide plate body 1 on the tibia, and then uses the fastener to match the first connectinghole 8 and the second connectinghole 9 to stabilize the position of theguide plate body 1, and then use the oscillating saw 14 to follow theosteotomy groove 2 successively. Osteotomy is performed with the throughhole 3 to complete the osteotomy on the tibial side, and the tibial osteotomy is formed into the shape shown in FIG. 5 .

最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that it can still be The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments are modified, or some technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，其特征在于，包括：导板本体(1)，所述导板本体(1)设有截骨槽(2)和截面呈长方形的通孔(3)，所述截骨槽(2)的深度方向与所述通孔(3)的高度方向相同，所述截骨槽(2)的长度方向与所述通孔(3)的深度方向相同，所述截骨槽(2)的槽底高于所述通孔(3)的顶部，所述截骨槽(2)的截骨开口方向朝向所述导板本体(1)的顶部；1. A personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery, characterized in that, comprising: a guide plate body (1), the guide plate body (1) is provided with an osteotomy groove (2) and a rectangular through hole (2) in cross section. 3), the depth direction of the osteotomy groove (2) is the same as the height direction of the through hole (3), and the length direction of the osteotomy groove (2) is the same as the depth direction of the through hole (3) , the bottom of the osteotomy groove (2) is higher than the top of the through hole (3), and the direction of the osteotomy opening of the osteotomy groove (2) is toward the top of the guide plate body (1);其中，所述截骨槽(2)的截骨开口在屈曲位时指向髂前上嵴。Wherein, the osteotomy opening of the osteotomy groove (2) points to the anterior superior iliac crest in the flexed position.2.根据权利要求1所述的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，其特征在于，所述通孔(3)的第一侧壁(10)在所述通孔(3)高度方向的投影位于所述截骨槽(2)的第二侧壁(11)和第三侧壁(12)在所述截骨槽(2)深度方向的投影区域之间。2 . The personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery according to claim 1 , wherein the first side wall ( 10 ) of the through hole ( 3 ) is in the height direction of the through hole ( 3 ). 3 . The projection is located between the projection areas of the second side wall (11) and the third side wall (12) of the osteotomy groove (2) in the depth direction of the osteotomy groove (2).3.根据权利要求1所述的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，其特征在于，所述导板本体(1)用于与所述胫骨相连的一侧为拟合连接侧；3. The personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery according to claim 1, wherein the side of the guide plate body (1) used to be connected with the tibia is the fitting connection side;所述拟合连接侧在第一高度位置设有第一拟合部(4)和第二拟合部(5)，所述第一拟合部(4)和所述第二拟合部(5)之间形成所述截骨槽(2)；The fitting connection side is provided with a first fitting part (4) and a second fitting part (5) at a first height position, and the first fitting part (4) and the second fitting part ( 5) forming the osteotomy groove (2) between;所述拟合连接侧在第二高度位置设有第三拟合部(6)。The fitting connection side is provided with a third fitting part (6) at the second height position.4.根据权利要求3所述的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，其特征在于，所述第一拟合部(4)的长度大于所述第二拟合部(5)的长度，所述第一拟合部(4)用于延伸至前交叉韧带内侧。4. The personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery according to claim 3, wherein the length of the first fitting portion (4) is greater than the length of the second fitting portion (5), The first fitting part (4) is used to extend to the inner side of the anterior cruciate ligament.5.根据权利要求3所述的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，其特征在于，所述第一拟合部(4)、所述第二拟合部(5)和所述第三拟合部(6)均朝垂直于所述导板本体(1)的方向延伸。The personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that the first fitting part (4), the second fitting part (5) and the third fitting part (5) The fitting parts (6) all extend in a direction perpendicular to the guide plate body (1).6.根据权利要求1所述的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，其特征在于，所述导板本体(1)设有第一连接孔(8)和第二连接孔(9)，所述第一连接孔(8)和所述第二连接孔(9)均适于通过紧固件与所述胫骨相连；6. The personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery according to claim 1, wherein the guide plate body (1) is provided with a first connection hole (8) and a second connection hole (9), so The first connection hole (8) and the second connection hole (9) are both suitable for connecting with the tibia through fasteners;所述第一连接孔(8)在所述导板本体(1)上垂直设置，所述第二连接孔(9)在所述导板本体(1)上倾斜设置；The first connection hole (8) is vertically arranged on the guide plate body (1), and the second connection hole (9) is arranged obliquely on the guide plate body (1);或所述第一连接孔(8)在所述导板本体(1)上倾斜设置，所述第二连接孔(9)在所述导板本体(1)上垂直设置。Or the first connecting hole (8) is arranged obliquely on the guide plate body (1), and the second connecting hole (9) is vertically arranged on the guide plate body (1).7.根据权利要求6所述的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，其特征在于，沿所述导板本体(1)的竖直方向，所述第一连接孔(8)和所述第二连接孔(9)均位于所述通孔(3)的下侧，所述竖直方向与所述截骨槽(2)的深度方向相同；7 . The personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery according to claim 6 , wherein, along the vertical direction of the guide plate body ( 1 ), the first connection hole ( 8 ) and the first connection hole ( 8 ) and the second The two connecting holes (9) are both located on the lower side of the through hole (3), and the vertical direction is the same as the depth direction of the osteotomy slot (2);所述第一连接孔(8)的孔中心和所述第二连接孔(9)的孔中心位于不同的高度位置。The hole center of the first connection hole (8) and the hole center of the second connection hole (9) are located at different height positions.8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，其特征在于，所述单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置为采用3D打印技术一体成型的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置。8. The personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery is a single-piece integrated device using 3D printing technology. Personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for condyle replacement surgery.9.一种如权利要求1-8任一项所述的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置的使用方法，其特征在于，包括：9. A method of using the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, comprising:将所述单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置与胫骨平台的拟合面进行拟合；Fitting the individualized intelligent navigation positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery with the fitting surface of the tibial plateau;拟合完成后，通过紧固件对所述单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置进行固定；After the fitting is completed, the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery is fixed by fasteners;利用摆锯(14)，分别通过所述通孔及所述截骨槽进行矢状位及冠状位的截骨操作；Using the oscillating saw (14), the sagittal and coronal osteotomy operations are carried out respectively through the through hole and the osteotomy groove;取下所述紧固件及所述单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，完成截骨操作。Remove the fastener and the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery to complete the osteotomy operation.10.一种截骨器，其特征在于，包括摆锯(14)以及如权利要求1-8任一项所述的单髁置换手术个性化智能导航定位装置，所述摆锯(14)适于穿设于所述截骨槽(2)和/或所述通孔(3)内。10. An osteotomy device, characterized in that it comprises an oscillating saw (14) and the personalized intelligent navigation and positioning device for unicondylar replacement surgery according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the oscillating saw (14) is suitable for It is inserted into the osteotomy slot (2) and/or the through hole (3).

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