CN114983491A - Biopsy needle, biopsy needle set, and bone marrow biopsy device - Google Patents
Biopsy needle, biopsy needle set, and bone marrow biopsy deviceDownload PDFInfo
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- A61B10/0266—Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments means for severing sample
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- A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
- A61B10/0233—Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments
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Abstract
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及骨髓活检的技术领域，尤其涉及一种活检针、活检针组及骨髓活检装置。The invention relates to the technical field of bone marrow biopsy, in particular to a biopsy needle, a biopsy needle set and a bone marrow biopsy device.
背景技术Background technique
骨髓活检是一种了解骨髓象的方法，是通过钻头刺入骨髓内获取骨髓组织来实现，主要适用于细胞学检查和病原学检查等诊断。Bone marrow biopsy is a method to understand the bone marrow image, which is achieved by piercing the bone marrow with a drill to obtain bone marrow tissue. It is mainly suitable for cytological examination and pathogenic examination.
目前病理检查已大量应用于临床工作及科学研究。在临床方面主要进行手术病理检查，包括手术切除都标本检查以及为诊断而采取的较小活体标本检查，手术病理检查的目的有多种。一是为明确诊断及验证术前诊断提高临床诊断的水平。若肿瘤诊断已明确，对切除组织进行病理检查可决定下一步治疗方案及估计预后。二为了解术前各种治疗方法的效果，借以提高临床治疗水平。同时，对所有病理标本进行的检查都有科研都意义，疾病的病理标本积累多了，既可进行临床病理分析，借以获得有价值的科研资料。At present, pathological examination has been widely used in clinical work and scientific research. In the clinical aspect, surgical and pathological examinations are mainly carried out, including the examination of surgical resection specimens and the examination of smaller biopsy specimens for diagnosis. There are various purposes of surgical and pathological examinations. One is to improve the level of clinical diagnosis in order to confirm the diagnosis and verify the preoperative diagnosis. If the tumor diagnosis is clear, pathological examination of the resected tissue can determine the next treatment plan and estimate the prognosis. Second, in order to understand the effect of various preoperative treatment methods, so as to improve the clinical treatment level. At the same time, the examination of all pathological specimens has scientific research significance, and the accumulation of pathological specimens of diseases can be used for clinical pathological analysis to obtain valuable scientific research materials.
公告号为CN101365390B的发明专利公开了一种用于骨髓活检和抽吸的设备，其活检设备中针芯与针管通过螺纹连接，操作时需要先将组件打穿骨膜，然后将针芯取下，继续穿刺取骨髓。但是二次操作活检针时，活检针会出现移位，位置变化晃动，会影响获取骨髓的准确性；同时退针过程，没有相关防脱落装置，骨髓随时会脱落；且整体设备的结构件较多，制造过程中以及术中接触较多，容易受到感染，而且采集过程还需要分步操作，导致整体的采集效率较低。The invention patent with the publication number CN101365390B discloses a device for bone marrow biopsy and aspiration. In the biopsy device, the needle core and the needle tube are connected by threads. During the operation, the component needs to be penetrated through the periosteum first, and then the needle core is removed. Continue to puncture the bone marrow. However, when the biopsy needle is operated for the second time, the biopsy needle will be displaced and the position will change, which will affect the accuracy of obtaining bone marrow; at the same time, during the needle withdrawal process, there is no relevant anti-shedding device, and the bone marrow will fall off at any time; and the overall structure of the device is relatively small. There are many contacts in the manufacturing process and intraoperative contact, which is easy to be infected, and the collection process also requires step-by-step operations, resulting in a low overall collection efficiency.
公告号为CN109512471B的发明专利公开了一种骨髓活检穿刺取样装置，其具体公开的结构中，可实现单手完成针套座和针座的分离，但是需要医护人员手动操作，不仅费时费力，而且取样精度低，操作不稳定，取样过程完全依靠医生手感，误差大。而且还需要两次操作，即在取下针芯后继续穿刺取样本，二次操作过程中会出现晃动位置变化，影响取骨髓的准确性；同时退针过程，没有相关防脱落装置，骨髓随时会脱落。The invention patent with the publication number CN109512471B discloses a bone marrow biopsy puncture sampling device. In its specific disclosed structure, the separation of the needle cover seat and the needle seat can be realized with one hand, but manual operation by medical personnel is required, which is not only time-consuming and laborious, but also The sampling accuracy is low, the operation is unstable, the sampling process completely depends on the doctor's hand, and the error is large. In addition, two operations are required, that is, after removing the needle core, continue to puncture and take samples. During the second operation, the shaking position will change, which will affect the accuracy of bone marrow extraction. At the same time, during the needle withdrawal process, there is no relevant anti-shedding device. will fall off.
现有技术中还有一些活检装置，大多采用连接负压抽吸设备，骨髓活检装置包括针管和抽吸泵，通过将针管刺入骨髓组织内，再将针管与抽吸泵连接，从而将组织抽入针管内，以顺利获取骨髓。活检针为一次性使用，抽吸设备反复使用也会引起交差污染，最重要的是在负压状态下很难获取完整的组织，骨髓组织受到抽吸力时，容易被打乱，而导致针管内的骨髓组织质量较差，对后续的各项诊断产生影响，降低了诊断的准确性。There are also some biopsy devices in the prior art, most of which are connected to negative pressure suction equipment. The bone marrow biopsy device includes a needle tube and a suction pump. By piercing the needle tube into the bone marrow tissue, and then connecting the needle tube to the suction pump, the tissue Into the needle, in order to successfully obtain bone marrow. Biopsy needles are single-use, and repeated use of suction equipment will also cause cross-contamination. The most important thing is that it is difficult to obtain complete tissue under negative pressure. The quality of the bone marrow tissue in the tube is poor, which affects the subsequent diagnosis and reduces the accuracy of the diagnosis.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提供一种活检针、活检针组及骨髓活检装置，解决了在骨髓活检中获取的骨髓质量较差而影响后续诊断的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a biopsy needle, a biopsy needle group and a bone marrow biopsy device, which solve the problem that the quality of the bone marrow obtained in the bone marrow biopsy is poor and the subsequent diagnosis is affected.
为达此目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：For this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种活检针，其包括：外管、内管以及针尖组件。所述外管具有开口，所述开口处设有用于切割骨髓组织的切割面。内管设置在所述外管内，所述内管内部具有与所述开口连通的并用于容纳骨髓组织的容纳腔，所述内管与所述外管之间具有第一空间；针尖组件设置在所述第一空间内，且所述针尖组件可选择性地伸出所述第一空间形成针尖并封闭所述容纳腔。A biopsy needle includes: an outer tube, an inner tube and a needle tip assembly. The outer tube has an opening, and the opening is provided with a cutting surface for cutting bone marrow tissue. The inner tube is arranged in the outer tube, and the inner tube has a receiving cavity that communicates with the opening and is used for accommodating the bone marrow tissue, and there is a first space between the inner tube and the outer tube; the needle tip assembly is arranged in inside the first space, and the needle tip assembly can selectively extend out of the first space to form a needle tip and close the accommodating cavity.
可选地，所述内管与所述外管转动连接，所述针尖组件分别与所述内管与所述外管相连接，所述针尖组件随着所述外管相对于所述内管的转动而伸出所述第一空间以形成针尖并封闭所述容纳腔，或缩回所述第一空间以打开所述容纳腔。Optionally, the inner tube is rotatably connected to the outer tube, the needle tip assembly is connected to the inner tube and the outer tube respectively, and the needle tip assembly is relative to the inner tube along with the outer tube. It rotates to extend out of the first space to form a needle tip and close the accommodating cavity, or retract the first space to open the accommodating cavity.
通过上述技术方案，在需要针尖组件滑动时，就使得外管相对于内管转动，随着外管的转动，针尖组件就能够顺利伸出或者缩回第一空间。Through the above technical solution, when the needle tip assembly needs to be slid, the outer tube is rotated relative to the inner tube, and with the rotation of the outer tube, the needle tip assembly can be smoothly extended or retracted into the first space.
可选地，所述针尖组件包括：多个滑动片，均滑动连接在所述第一空间内并与所述外管螺纹连接，多个所述滑动片沿所述内管的周向分布，所述滑动片伸出所述第一空间的一侧设有尖端，多个所述尖端拼接成所述针尖并封闭所述容纳腔。Optionally, the needle tip assembly includes: a plurality of sliding pieces, all of which are slidably connected in the first space and are threadedly connected with the outer tube, and the plurality of sliding pieces are distributed along the circumference of the inner tube, The side of the sliding sheet extending out of the first space is provided with a tip, and a plurality of the tips are spliced to form the needle tip and close the accommodating cavity.
通过上述技术方案，随着外管的转动，使得多个尖端拼接形成针尖，并封闭容纳腔，使得内管和外管能顺利穿入骨髓组织内，在退针过程中，能很好的保护所取骨髓组织，防止组织的脱落，同时避免骨髓组织以外的杂质进入容纳腔内；而需要获取骨髓组织时，就通过转动外管，使得滑动片收缩到滑动间隙内，尖端分离，从而顺利打开容纳腔，以容纳骨髓组织。Through the above technical solution, with the rotation of the outer tube, multiple tips are spliced to form a needle tip, and the accommodating cavity is closed, so that the inner tube and the outer tube can smoothly penetrate into the bone marrow tissue, and can be well protected during the needle withdrawal process. The extracted bone marrow tissue can prevent the tissue from falling off, and at the same time prevent impurities other than the bone marrow tissue from entering the cavity; when the bone marrow tissue needs to be obtained, the outer tube is rotated to shrink the sliding sheet into the sliding gap, and the tips are separated, so as to open smoothly. accommodating cavity to accommodate bone marrow tissue.
可选地，每个所述滑动片的内表面上且靠近所述尖端的一侧均设有卡接部，多个所述卡接部的侧面可选择性的拼接。Optionally, a snap portion is provided on the inner surface of each of the sliding sheets and on a side close to the tip, and sides of a plurality of the snap portions can be selectively spliced.
通过上述技术方案，卡接部的设置能够增加尖端的厚度，从而在形成针尖时，能够提高针尖的强度，有利于穿刺骨头。Through the above technical solutions, the provision of the clipping portion can increase the thickness of the tip, so that when the needle tip is formed, the strength of the needle tip can be improved, which is beneficial for puncturing the bone.
可选地，所述卡接部的端面与所述内管的端面相抵接定位；和/或所述卡接部的侧面设有多个切割缺口，以用于切割骨髓组织。Optionally, the end face of the snap portion is positioned in abutment with the end face of the inner tube; and/or the side surface of the snap portion is provided with a plurality of cutting notches for cutting bone marrow tissue.
通过上述技术方案，对滑动片的滑移范围产生一定的限位，以第一空间确保卡接部位于容纳腔的开口处，在骨髓组织进入容纳腔内后，就可以利用切割缺口对骨髓组织进行切割，以分离容纳腔内和容纳腔外的骨髓组织。Through the above technical solution, the sliding range of the sliding sheet is limited to a certain extent, and the first space ensures that the clamping part is located at the opening of the accommodating cavity. After the bone marrow tissue enters the accommodating cavity, the cutting notch can be used to cut the bone marrow tissue A cut is made to separate the bone marrow tissue inside and outside the receiving cavity.
可选地，所述针尖组件还包括：限位部，设置在所述内管上，所述限位部的侧面与所述滑动片的侧面滑动配合以限制所述滑动片的移动方向。Optionally, the needle tip assembly further includes: a limiting portion, which is provided on the inner tube, and a side surface of the limiting portion is slidably matched with a side surface of the sliding sheet to limit the moving direction of the sliding sheet.
通过上述技术方案，滑动片在滑动时，限位部能够限制滑动片的移动方向，确保滑动片只能沿内管的轴向方向伸缩。Through the above technical solution, when the sliding sheet slides, the limiting portion can limit the moving direction of the sliding sheet, ensuring that the sliding sheet can only expand and contract along the axial direction of the inner tube.
本申请还提供一种活检针组，所述活检针组包括：如上述任一项所述的活检针；以及连接头，具有第一壳体和第二壳体，所述活检针的内管和外管均与所述第一壳体连接，所述第二壳体可选择性地与电驱动装置锁定或释放，且所述第一壳体、所述第二壳体、所述活检针以及所述电驱动装置均同轴设置。The present application also provides a biopsy needle set, the biopsy needle set includes: the biopsy needle according to any one of the above; and the outer tube are connected with the first housing, the second housing can be selectively locked or released with the electric drive device, and the first housing, the second housing, the biopsy needle And the electric drive devices are all arranged coaxially.
可选地，所述第一壳体包括：外壳体，与所述外管转动连接；以及内壳体，固定在所述外壳体内并与所述内管固定连接。Optionally, the first casing includes: an outer casing rotatably connected with the outer pipe; and an inner casing fixed in the outer casing and fixedly connected with the inner pipe.
通过上述技术方案，内管固定在内壳体内，在转动外管时，只需要固定外壳体，既可以带动外管相对于内管转动。Through the above technical solution, the inner tube is fixed in the inner casing, and when the outer tube is rotated, only the outer casing needs to be fixed, and the outer tube can be driven to rotate relative to the inner tube.
可选地，所述第二壳体与所述第一壳体滑动配合，所述连接头还包括：连接壳，设置在所述第二壳体内且所述第二壳体与所述连接壳可相对滑动，所述连接壳用于与电驱动装置连接；卡接环，滑动连接在所述第一壳体上且部分地伸出所述第一壳体并与所述第二壳体相连接；弹性件，设置在所述第一壳体内，所述弹性件具有第一端和第二端，所述第一端与所述第一壳体抵接，所述第二端与所述卡接环抵接；以及固定件，设置在所述连接壳上并与所述第二壳体相抵接，所述第二壳体用于推动所述固定件部分地伸入或离开所述连接壳内，以锁定或释放所述电驱动组件。Optionally, the second casing is slidably fitted with the first casing, and the connecting head further includes: a connecting casing disposed in the second casing and the second casing and the connecting casing Relatively sliding, the connection shell is used for connecting with the electric drive device; the snap ring is slidably connected to the first shell and partially extends out of the first shell and is in contact with the second shell connection; an elastic piece is arranged in the first housing, the elastic piece has a first end and a second end, the first end is in contact with the first housing, and the second end is connected with the a snap ring abuts; and a fixing piece is provided on the connecting shell and abuts with the second housing, the second housing is used to push the fixing piece to partially extend into or leave the connection inside the housing to lock or release the electric drive assembly.
通过上述技术方案，在进行穿刺前，将电驱动装置伸入外壳体内，通过滑动第二壳体而推动卡接环挤压移动，卡接环挤压弹性件，而第二壳体则挤压固定件，使得固定件部分离开连接壳，在电驱动装置伸入外壳体后，弹性件在带动卡接环复位，卡接环推动第二壳体复位，固定件自动复位从而部分伸入连接壳内固定电驱动装置，以顺利将连接头与电驱动装置固定在一起，而弹性件与卡接环相互作用，使得二者既不会脱离也能够启动限制移动的作用。Through the above technical solution, before puncturing, the electric drive device is inserted into the outer casing, and the second casing is pushed to push the snap ring to squeeze and move, the snap ring squeezes the elastic member, and the second shell squeezes The fixing piece makes the fixing piece partially leave the connection shell. After the electric drive device is inserted into the outer casing, the elastic piece drives the snap ring to reset, the snap ring pushes the second shell to reset, and the fixed piece automatically resets to partially extend into the connecting shell. The electric drive device is fixed inside to smoothly fix the connector and the electric drive device together, and the elastic piece interacts with the snap ring, so that the two can neither be separated nor can start the function of restricting movement.
本发明还提供一种骨髓活检装置，其包括：如上述任一项所述的活检针组；以及电驱动装置，与所述活检针组的连接头相连接。The present invention also provides a bone marrow biopsy device, comprising: the biopsy needle set according to any one of the above; and an electric drive device connected to the connecting head of the biopsy needle set.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1、在进行骨髓组织的活检时，将外管和内管一并穿刺到骨髓组织内，穿刺过程中，针尖组件伸出第一空间形成针尖并封闭容纳腔，穿刺完成后，通过带动外管相对于内管转动，就可以将针尖组件收入第一空间内以打开容纳腔，此时只需要再推动内管和外管穿刺，骨髓组织既可以进入容纳腔内，再转动外管利用切割面离断骨髓组织，同时还使得针尖组件伸出以形成针尖并封闭容纳腔，即可将骨髓组织保存在容纳腔内，完成骨髓组织的采集。以此获取的骨髓组织保存较为完整，且获取的量可以通过穿刺的深度来控制，从而确保一次穿刺即可采集足量且完整的骨髓组织，有利于顺利进行后续的病理诊断。1. During the biopsy of bone marrow tissue, the outer tube and the inner tube are punctured into the bone marrow tissue together. During the puncture process, the needle tip assembly extends out of the first space to form the needle tip and seal the accommodation cavity. After the puncture is completed, the outer tube is driven by the outer tube. Rotating relative to the inner tube, the needle tip assembly can be received into the first space to open the accommodating cavity. At this time, it is only necessary to push the inner tube and the outer tube to puncture, and the bone marrow tissue can enter the accommodating cavity, and then rotate the outer tube to use the cutting surface. The bone marrow tissue is cut off, and the needle tip assembly is extended to form a needle tip and seal the accommodating cavity, so that the bone marrow tissue can be stored in the accommodating cavity to complete the collection of the bone marrow tissue. The bone marrow tissue obtained in this way is relatively complete, and the amount obtained can be controlled by the depth of the puncture, thereby ensuring that a sufficient and complete amount of bone marrow tissue can be collected in one puncture, which is conducive to the smooth subsequent pathological diagnosis.
2、通过设置连接头能够将活检针与电驱动组件快速装拆，而且还可以通过抓握连接头来转动外管，即可实现外管与内管的相对转动，便于针尖组件的伸出与缩回。2. By setting the connector, the biopsy needle and the electric drive assembly can be quickly assembled and disassembled, and the outer tube can also be rotated by grasping the connector, so that the relative rotation of the outer tube and the inner tube can be realized, which is convenient for the extension and connection of the needle tip assembly. retract.
3、通过电驱动装置与连接头的连接，能够为骨髓活检手术提供电动助力，减少操作人员的负担，同时还能够快速精准的实现骨髓的穿刺，提高手术的精度。3. Through the connection of the electric drive device and the connector, it can provide electric assistance for the bone marrow biopsy operation, reduce the burden on the operator, and at the same time, it can quickly and accurately realize the bone marrow puncture, and improve the precision of the operation.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1所示为本发明一些实施例中活检针的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a biopsy needle in some embodiments of the present invention.
图2所示为本发明一些实施例中活检针的剖面结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a biopsy needle in some embodiments of the present invention.
图3所示为本发明一些实施例中活检针的针尖组件收缩时的剖面结构示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a needle tip assembly of a biopsy needle in some embodiments of the present invention when it is retracted.
图4所示为本发明一些实施例中骨髓活检装置的结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a bone marrow biopsy device in some embodiments of the present invention.
图5所示为本发明一些实施例中骨髓活检装置的剖视结构示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a bone marrow biopsy device in some embodiments of the present invention.
图6所示为本发明一些实施例中骨髓活检装置应用在骨髓活检手术中的流程示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart showing the application of a bone marrow biopsy device in a bone marrow biopsy operation according to some embodiments of the present invention.
图中：In the picture:
100、外管；110、套管；120、连接管；130、切割面；200、内管；210、容纳腔；220、第一空间；300、针尖组件；310、滑动片；320、尖端；330、卡接部；331、切割缺口；400、连接头；401、第一壳体；402、第二壳体；410、外壳体；411、安装筒；412、安装壳；413、滑动间隙；420、内壳体；430、连接壳；440、弹性件；450、固定件；460、卡接环；500、电驱动装置；510、操作壳；520、驱动组件；530、驱动部；531、环槽。100, outer tube; 110, cannula; 120, connecting tube; 130, cutting surface; 200, inner tube; 210, accommodating cavity; 220, first space; 300, needle tip assembly; 310, sliding piece; 320, tip; 330, clamping part; 331, cutting notch; 400, connecting head; 401, first shell; 402, second shell; 410, outer shell; 411, mounting cylinder; 412, mounting shell; 413, sliding clearance; 420, inner shell; 430, connecting shell; 440, elastic piece; 450, fixing piece; 460, snap ring; 500, electric drive device; 510, operating shell; 520, drive assembly; 530, drive part; 531, Ring groove.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本发明，而非对本发明的限定。另外还需要说明的是，为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与本发明相关的部分而非全部结构。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. In addition, it should be noted that, for the convenience of description, the drawings only show some but not all structures related to the present invention.
在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”、“固定”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated ; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature may include the first and second features in direct contact, or may include the first and second features Not directly but through additional features between them. Also, the first feature being "above", "over" and "above" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature is "below", "below" and "below" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower level than the second feature.
在本实施例的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“右”、等方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述和简化操作，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅仅用于在描述上加以区分，并没有特殊的含义。In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for convenience of description and simplified operation, rather than indicating Or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description, and have no special meaning.
本发明提供的一种活检针及骨髓活检装置主要用在骨髓活检中骨髓组织的获取。骨髓组织的采集需要先穿刺骨髓，并采集一定体积及长度，且需要保证采集的骨髓组织完整度较好，后续的各项检查才能准确进行。而手动采集骨髓时，医生手动钻入骨髓组织也非常费力，导致手术过程负担较大，效率较低，如果穿刺过程中施力方向偏移，还可能对骨骼造成额外损伤，因此失败几率比较高。The biopsy needle and the bone marrow biopsy device provided by the invention are mainly used for obtaining bone marrow tissue in bone marrow biopsy. The collection of bone marrow tissue needs to first puncture the bone marrow, and collect a certain volume and length, and it is necessary to ensure that the integrity of the collected bone marrow tissue is good, and subsequent inspections can be carried out accurately. When manually collecting bone marrow, it is also very laborious for the doctor to manually drill into the bone marrow tissue, resulting in a large burden and low efficiency in the surgical process. If the force is applied in the direction of deviation during the puncture process, it may cause additional damage to the bone, so the probability of failure is relatively high. .
现有技术中，骨髓采集装置包括活检针和抽吸设备，活检针包括针芯和针管。采集骨髓时，需要先打穿骨膜，再将针芯取出。利用针管继续穿刺获取骨髓，或者连通针管与抽吸泵，来抽取骨髓。在继续穿刺获取骨髓后，需要退针来带出骨髓，退针前难以将骨髓完全离断，导致骨髓容易从针管内脱落。而抽取骨髓组织时，则可能导致骨髓组织受到抽吸力后被打乱，破坏骨髓组织的完整度，影响后续的病理诊断。In the prior art, a bone marrow collection device includes a biopsy needle and a suction device, and the biopsy needle includes a needle core and a needle tube. When collecting bone marrow, the periosteum needs to be pierced first, and then the needle core is removed. Use the needle to continue puncturing to obtain the bone marrow, or connect the needle and the suction pump to extract the bone marrow. After continuing to puncture to obtain bone marrow, the needle needs to be withdrawn to bring out the bone marrow. It is difficult to completely cut the bone marrow before withdrawing the needle, so that the bone marrow is easy to fall out of the needle tube. When the bone marrow tissue is extracted, it may cause the bone marrow tissue to be disrupted by the suction force, destroy the integrity of the bone marrow tissue, and affect the subsequent pathological diagnosis.
而本发明提供的一种活检针、活检针组及骨髓活检装置，能够在骨髓采集前利用可伸缩的针尖组件形成针尖并封闭容纳骨髓组织的容纳腔，在穿刺后再收回针尖组件以打开容纳腔，从而通过继续穿刺来采集骨髓，骨髓组织的采集量可以通过穿刺的深度来控制，以确保采集足量的骨髓组织。采集完成后再利用针尖组件伸出封闭容纳腔，以避免骨髓组织脱落。以此通过一次穿刺就能够获取足量且完整的骨髓组织，有利于后续的病理检查。而且活检针还可以通过连接头与电驱动组件实现快速装拆，以便于利用电驱动装置来带动活检针进行穿刺，有效提高了活检针的穿刺效率，也能够有效减轻手术的负担。However, the present invention provides a biopsy needle, a biopsy needle set and a bone marrow biopsy device, which can use a retractable needle tip assembly to form a needle tip and seal a accommodating cavity for accommodating bone marrow tissue before bone marrow collection, and then retract the needle tip assembly to open the accommodating cavity after puncturing. cavity, so that the bone marrow can be collected by continuing to puncture, and the amount of bone marrow tissue collected can be controlled by the depth of the puncture to ensure that a sufficient amount of bone marrow tissue is collected. After the collection is completed, the needle tip assembly is used to extend the sealing cavity to prevent the bone marrow tissue from falling off. In this way, a sufficient and complete bone marrow tissue can be obtained through one puncture, which is beneficial to the subsequent pathological examination. Moreover, the biopsy needle can also be quickly assembled and disassembled through the connector and the electric drive assembly, so that the electric drive device can be used to drive the biopsy needle for puncturing, which effectively improves the puncturing efficiency of the biopsy needle and can effectively reduce the burden of the operation.
图1所示为本发明一些实施例中活检针的结构示意图。图2所示为本发明一些实施例中活检针的剖面结构示意图。参照图1和图2所示，该活检针包括：外管100、内管200以及针尖组件300。外管100具有第一端和第二端，其两端设有开口，第一端的开口处的外侧壁上设有切割面130，切割面130用于切割骨髓组织，第二端用于与电驱动装置500相连接。内管200则设置在外管100内，且内管200内部具有贯通设置的容纳腔210，容纳腔210与两端的开口分别连通。内管200靠近第二端的一侧的外侧壁与外管100的内侧壁之间形成第一空间220，针尖组件300设置在第一空间220内针尖组件300可选择性的伸出第一空间220以形成针尖，并封闭容纳腔210。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a biopsy needle in some embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a biopsy needle in some embodiments of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the biopsy needle includes: an
具体地，外管100可以包括套管110和连接管120两部分，套管110整体呈圆柱状并套设在连接管120的外侧壁上，二者固定连接，固定方式可以为卡接、粘接，也可以通过其他方式固定连接。内管200则穿设在连接管120内，并与连接管120转动连接，这种设置方式能够更加方便活检针的生产和组装，降低制造难度。应当理解的是，套管110与连接管120也可以一体成型，而具体外管100的构成可以根据实际的应用场景和使用条件来设计，本发明不做限定。Specifically, the
内管200的长度大于套管110的长度，连接管120的第二端可以呈圆锥台型，第二端的开口设置在小端面上，切割面130设置在圆锥台型的斜面上，且设置多个，多个切割面130沿圆锥台的周向环设。套管110的第二端的端面与该圆锥台的大端面抵接。内管200穿入该圆锥台内部，并与圆锥台的内侧壁形成上述的第一空间220，且第一空间220与开口连接。应当理解的是，连接管 120的第二端也可以呈其他形状，比如花瓣状、伞状以及锥形等，只要满足其边线在延伸方向上能够相交于一点即可，本申请不对连接管120的第二端的形状做具体限定。The length of the
而在第一空间220内就可以设置相应的驱动机构来与针尖组件300连接，以驱动针尖组件300伸出第一空间220，具体驱动机构可以是螺杆机构、齿轮机构、也可以为通过微型电机做动力源的驱动机构，又或者是螺杆齿轮的联动机构等，具体可以根据实际的安装空间来设计，本申请不做具体限定。In the
在进行骨髓组织活检时，先将外管100和内管200一并穿刺到骨髓组织内，外管100上的切割面130能够使得外管100更容易刺入骨髓组织内。穿刺前，针尖组件300伸出第一空间220形成针尖并封闭容纳腔210，穿刺到一定的深度后，通过带动外管100相对于内管200转动，就可以将针尖组件300收入第一空间220内以打开容纳腔210，此时只需要再推动内管200和外管100穿刺，骨髓组织就可以进入容纳腔210内，外管100转动利用切割面130离断骨髓组织，同时还使得针尖组件300伸出以形成针尖并封闭容纳腔210，即可将骨髓组织保存在容纳腔210内，完成骨髓组织的采集。以此获取的骨髓组织保存较为完整，且获取的量可以通过穿刺的深度来控制，比如使活检针向骨髓腔内前进1.5到 2.5厘米，而通过设置在活检针上的刻度来确定前进的深度，也可以通过传感器精确检测活检针的前进距离，从而确保一次穿刺即可采集足量且完整的骨髓组织，有利于顺利进行后续的病理检查。同时还能够有效降低手术穿刺的次数，从而降低手术风险。When performing bone marrow tissue biopsy, the
参照图2所示，在本发明一些实施例中，内管200与外管100转动连接。针尖组件300分别与内管200及外管100相连接，以随着外管100相对于内管 200的转动而伸出或缩回第一空间220。Referring to FIG. 2 , in some embodiments of the present invention, the
具体的，内管200与连接管120转动连接，而针尖组件300与内管200相对滑动连接，滑动方向为内管200的轴线方向，针尖组件300与外管100则可以螺纹连接，则随着外管100的转动，而逐渐伸出第一空间220。当针尖组件 300伸出第一空间220时就能够拼接形成上述的针尖，同时封闭容纳腔210，当针尖组件300缩回第一空间220时，就可以打开容纳腔210。应当理解的是，针尖组件300也可与内管200螺纹连接，而与外管100滑动连接，也能够使得针尖组件300伸出或收缩，具体可以根据实际的加工要求和应用场景来设计。Specifically, the
图3所示为本发明一些实施例中活检针的针尖组件收缩时的剖面结构示意图。参照图3所示，在本发明一些实施例中，针尖组件300包括多个滑动片310。多个滑动片310沿内管200的周向环设，并滑动连接在第一空间220内，滑动片310的侧面与外管100的内壁螺纹连接。滑动片310靠近第二端的一侧穿过开口，以伸出第一空间220，该侧设有尖端320，多个尖端320在滑动片310滑出第一空间220时拼接形成针尖，同时封闭容纳腔210。FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a needle tip assembly of a biopsy needle in some embodiments of the present invention when it is retracted. Referring to FIG. 3 , in some embodiments of the present invention, the
具体地，滑动片310的截面可以呈等腰三角形或者等边三角形，三角形的一个顶角作为尖端320，该截面可以沿内管200的弧度形成弧形截面，以使得滑动片310能够与内管200的内侧壁贴合。在内管200靠近第二端的外侧壁上可以设置一个限位部340，限位部340可以沿内管200的周向延伸，其上下两个侧面均呈弧形，下侧面的弧形与内管的外侧壁贴合，上侧面的弧形则与滑动片310 的内侧壁贴合。应当理解的是，在滑动片310的内侧壁上还可以对应设置一个供限位部340滑移的限位槽，限位槽沿滑动片310的滑动方向延伸，以提高对滑动片310的限位效果。Specifically, the cross-section of the sliding
在带动针尖组件300伸出第一空间220时，就通过转动外管100来带动滑动片310移动，由于限位块340限制了滑动片310的移动方向，当外管100转动时，就能够带动滑动片310顺利伸出第一空间220，多个滑动片310的侧面就会依次拼接，多个尖端320拼接在一起后就形成针尖，并顺利对容纳腔210完成封闭。When the
参照图3所示，在本发明一些实施例中，每个滑动片310的内表面上均设置一个卡接部330，卡接部330位于滑动片310靠近尖端320的一侧，多个卡接部330的侧面之间可选择性地拼接。卡接部330远离尖端320的一侧与内管200 的端面抵接定位。卡接部330的侧面设置多个切割缺口331以用于切割骨髓组织。Referring to FIG. 3 , in some embodiments of the present invention, a clamping
具体地，卡接部330整体可以块状，其形状可以根据滑动片310的形状来设计，卡接部330远离滑动片310的一侧可以呈弧面，以与内管200的圆形端面相配合。多个切割缺口331可以设置在卡接部330的中间位置，并沿内管200 的轴线方向间隔分布，相邻切割缺口331之间可以形成具有尖端320的切割端，也可以形成厚度由厚变薄的切面，或者也可以形成其他符合切割要求的形状，本发明不做具体限定。Specifically, the
通过设置卡接部330，在多个滑动片310拼接后，多个卡接部330能够填充针尖，使得针尖的强度提高，以便于顺利穿刺骨骼。而在滑动片310打开时，还可以与内管200配合，对滑动片310的移动范围产生限位。同时利用切割缺口331对骨髓组织进行有效的切割，以快速完成骨髓组织的分离。By arranging the
参照图2和图3所示，本申请还提供一种活检针组，该活检针组包括连接头400和如上述任一实施例中的活检针。连接头400具有第一壳体401和第二壳体402，内管200远离第二端的一端和外管100的第一端均与第一壳体401连接。第二壳体402可选择性的与连接电驱动装置500锁定或释放。且第一壳体 401、第二壳体402、内管200、外管100以及电驱动装置500均同轴设置。Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the present application further provides a biopsy needle set, the biopsy needle set includes a
具体地，连接头400整体可以呈圆柱状，第一壳体401和第二壳体402沿内管200的轴线方向分布，二者可以滑动配合。第一壳体401的侧面上具有开口，供内管200和外管100伸入连接，以实现抓握连接头400来带动外管100 相对于内管200转动。第二壳体402则开设相应的开口，以与电驱动装置500 连接。电驱动装置500与第二壳体402的连接方式可以为卡接，在电驱动装置 500上设置一个卡接头，卡接头上具有环槽，而在第二壳体402的开口内可以设置能够插入环槽内的结构，比如卡簧、插杆、弹性块等。应当理解的是，也可以在第二壳体402的开口内设置环槽，而能够插入环槽内的结构设置在卡接头上，具体设置方式可以根据实际的应用场景来设计，本申请不做限定。Specifically, the connecting
在本申请一些实施例中，电驱动装置500与第二壳体402的连接方式还可以为电磁吸附连接。比如可以在电驱动装置500上设置电磁铁，而在第二壳体402内设置能够与电磁铁电磁吸附的吸附件。在电磁铁插入第二壳体402后，为电磁铁通电，即可将电磁铁与吸附件吸附在一起，以实现电磁吸附连接。电驱动装置500与第二壳体402的连接方式还可以为固定连接螺纹连接等，具体的连接方式，可以根据实际的应用场景和连接头400的尺寸来设计，本发明不做限定。In some embodiments of the present application, the connection between the
参照图3所示，在本发明一些实施例中，第一壳体401包括：外壳体410、内壳体420。内壳体420固定在外壳体410内，外管100的第一端伸入外壳体 410内并与外壳体410转动连接，内管200与内壳体420固定连接。Referring to FIG. 3 , in some embodiments of the present invention, the
具体地，外壳体410包括安装筒411和安装壳412，安装筒411设置在安装壳412内，内壳体420就固定在安装筒411内，内管200就伸入安装筒411内并与内壳体420固定连接，固定方式可以为粘接或者焊接等。安装筒411的端面与安装壳412的端面一体成型。而外管100的第二端则伸入安装筒411，安装筒411的内侧壁上设置一个卡环，外管100的第二端外侧壁上设置一个与卡环相卡接的卡接台，以实现外管100与安装筒的转动连接。应当理解的是，外管 100上也可以设置相应卡槽来与卡环滑动配合，或者卡环设置在外管100的外侧壁上，而在安装筒411的内侧壁上设置相应的卡槽，只要满足外管100与安装筒411能够转动连接即可，本申请不对外管100的具体装配结构做限定。Specifically, the
参照图2和图3所示，在本发明一些实施例中，第二壳体402与第一壳体 401滑动配合。连接头还包括连接壳430、弹性件440、卡接环460以及固定件 450。第二壳体402滑动套接在连接壳430上，连接壳430用于与电驱动装置500 连接。弹性件440设置在外壳体410内，且弹性件440具有第一端和第二端，弹性件440的第一端与第一壳体401抵接。卡接环滑动连接在第一壳体401内，且部分地伸出第一壳体401而与第二壳体402相连接，弹性件440的第二端与卡接环460抵接，以限制第二壳体402相对于第一壳体401的滑动。固定件450 套设在连接壳430上并与第二壳体402相连接，固定件450随着第二壳体402 的滑动而选择性地伸入连接壳430内以固定电驱动装置500。Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , in some embodiments of the present invention, the
具体地，安装壳412的直径大于安装筒411的直径，以在安装壳412的内侧壁和安装筒411的外侧壁之间形成滑动间隙413，弹性件440设置在滑动间隙 413内。滑动间隙413也可以由安装壳412顶部内壁与安装筒411的顶壁之间形成，即安装壳412部分直径大于安装筒411的直径，而不需要安装壳412整体的直径均大于安装筒411的直径。还可以直接在安装壳412或者安装筒411上设置相应的安装孔来作为滑动间隙413，具体可以根据实际的安装空间来设计，本申请不对滑动间隙413的具体构成做限定。而弹性件440可以采用弹簧，也可以采用弹性杆等弹性构件，具体可根据安装空间的大小来设计，本发明不做限定。卡接环460滑动连接在滑动间隙413内，卡接环460上设置多个沿轴向延伸的卡钩，多个卡钩沿周向间隔分布，卡钩远离第一壳体401的一端与第二壳体402勾连卡接。同时在连接壳430的外侧壁上还可以设置一个顶环，顶环与卡接环460抵接使得顶环与卡接环460相互作用，从而限制卡接环460的移动范围。Specifically, the diameter of the mounting
固定件450设置在连接壳430与第二壳体之间，固定件450则可以采用扭簧，扭簧呈“Ω”，其顶端与连接壳430的内侧壁抵接，第二壳体402的内侧壁倾斜设置，连接壳430上则开设有供扭簧两端选择性伸入的通孔。The fixing
而连接壳430远离内管200的一端用于插接电驱动装置500的驱动部530，驱动部530上可以开始供扭簧插入的环槽531，以对驱动部530形成卡接。连接壳430靠近内管200的一端与安装筒411固定连接，二者可以一体成型，以提高连接头400的整体性，也可以通过焊接、卡接等方式固定连接。The end of the connecting
在进行骨髓组织采集前，可以先滑动第二壳体402，推动卡接环460挤压弹性件440，弹性件440产生压缩变形，同时第二壳体402内的斜面也会挤压固定件450，使得固定件450部分离开连接壳430，再将电驱动装置500的驱动部530 伸入连接壳430内，此时松开第二壳体402，弹性件440就会复位，从而推动卡接环460和第二壳体402复位，扭簧也会复位而部分伸入连接壳430内并插入驱动部530的环槽531中，从而实现对电驱动装置500的固定，以此可以方便对电驱动装置500安装，以便于快速完成对骨髓组织采集，而电驱动装置500的拆卸与上述安装过程相反，在此不再赘述。Before the bone marrow tissue collection is performed, the
图4所示为本发明一些实施例中骨髓活检装置的结构示意图。图5所示为本发明一些实施例中骨髓活检装置的剖视结构示意图。参照图4和图5所示，本发明还提供一种骨髓活检装置，其包括如上述任一实施例中的活检针以及电驱动装置500。电驱动装置500的驱动部530与活检针相连接。FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a bone marrow biopsy device in some embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a bone marrow biopsy device in some embodiments of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the present invention further provides a bone marrow biopsy device, which includes the biopsy needle as in any of the above embodiments and an
具体地，电驱动装置500可以包括操作壳510、设置在操作壳510内的驱动组件520以及设置在操作壳510上且与驱动组件520连接的驱动部530，驱动部 530上可以设置相应的卡接结构来与活检针固定。而卡接结构可以与活检针固定连接，再与驱动部530卡接，也可以与驱动部530固定连接，再与活检针卡接，具体设置方式可以根据实际的应用场景来设计，本发明不做限定。Specifically, the
在进行骨髓活检时，就可以将电驱动装置500与活检针连接，以为活检针穿刺骨骼提供电动助力，以有效减少手术过程中医生的负担。When performing bone marrow biopsy, the
由于骨髓活检装置包括上述任一实施例中的活检针，因此骨髓活检装置具备活检针的全部技术效果，在此不再赘述。Since the bone marrow biopsy device includes the biopsy needle in any of the above embodiments, the bone marrow biopsy device has all the technical effects of the biopsy needle, which will not be repeated here.
图6所示为本发明一些实施例中骨髓活检装置应用在骨髓活检手术中的流程示意图。参照图6所示，在利用该骨髓活检装置进行骨髓采集时，具体步骤如下：FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart showing the application of a bone marrow biopsy device in a bone marrow biopsy operation according to some embodiments of the present invention. Referring to Figure 6, when using the bone marrow biopsy device to collect bone marrow, the specific steps are as follows:
S100：利用连接头400将电驱动装置500与活检针固定连接在一起。S100: The
电驱动装置500用于为活检针穿刺骨骼提供电子助力，而连接头400则可以采用卡接结构或者电磁吸附的固定结构等，以实现二者的连接。且活检针在穿刺时，多个滑动片310均要伸出以形成针尖。The
S200：将活检针抵在穿刺部位，启动电驱动装置500带动活检针转动以穿刺骨骼并伸入骨髓组织内。S200: Abut the biopsy needle against the puncture site, and activate the
电驱动装置500能够带动活检针在一定转速内旋转，转速可以为500rpm± 20％，也可以为其他转速。以利于针尖穿入骨骼内的骨髓组织，此时内管200和外管100就均位于骨髓组织内。The
S300：转动外管100，带动滑动片310收缩以打开容纳腔210，继续穿刺骨髓后转动外管100，带动滑动片310伸出以封闭容纳腔210。S300 : Rotate the
外管100的转动能够带动滑动片310伸出或收缩，当穿入骨髓组织内后，滑动片310收缩就能够打开容纳腔210，继续推动外管100伸入以进一步穿刺骨髓，当碰到骨膜时，就可以带动外管100回退1到2厘米，再转动外管100使得滑动片310伸出，从而封闭容纳腔210，同时利用切割面将骨髓组织切断，以此即可将足量且完整的骨髓组织保存在容纳腔210内。The rotation of the
S400：抽出外管100和内管200，分离电驱动装置500与连接头400。S400 : Pull out the
分离连接头400与电驱动装置500后，再转动外管100使得滑动片310收缩打开容纳腔210，通过顶针既可以将容纳腔210内的骨髓组织顶出，以进行后续的病理诊断。After separating the
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为了清楚说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，能够进行各种明显的变化、重新调整和替代而不会脱离本发明的保护范围。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. There is no need and cannot be exhaustive of all implementations here. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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