CN114964202A - Miniaturized hybrid integrated circuit for processing signal of fiber-optic gyroscope - Google Patents
Miniaturized hybrid integrated circuit for processing signal of fiber-optic gyroscopeDownload PDFInfo
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及微电子及传感信号处理技术领域，具体涉及一种用于光纤陀螺信号处理的小型化混合集成电路。The invention relates to the technical field of microelectronics and sensor signal processing, in particular to a miniaturized hybrid integrated circuit used for fiber optic gyro signal processing.
背景技术Background technique
光纤陀螺是惯性导航系统的一个重要部件，主要由光路和信号处理电路两部分组成。在传统的设计中，信号处理电路采用分立的塑封或陶封器件进行封装涉及，这种封装设计效率低、成本高，并且占用空间较大，不利于光纤陀螺的小型化。Fiber optic gyroscope is an important part of inertial navigation system, which is mainly composed of optical path and signal processing circuit. In the traditional design, the signal processing circuit is encapsulated by discrete plastic or ceramic encapsulation devices, which has low efficiency, high cost, and occupies a large space, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of the fiber optic gyroscope.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
为解决以上现有技术存在的问题，本发明提出了一种用于光纤陀螺信号处理的小型化混合集成电路，该电路包括：模数转换及前级调理单元、数模转换及后级驱动单元、可编程逻辑及配置存储器单元、串行数模转换单元、串口通讯单元以及输入选通单元；每个单元通过基板进行电气连接，且每个单元协同工作，实现光纤陀螺信号处理。In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a miniaturized hybrid integrated circuit for fiber optic gyroscope signal processing. , programmable logic and configuration memory unit, serial digital-to-analog conversion unit, serial communication unit and input gating unit; each unit is electrically connected through the substrate, and each unit works together to realize fiber optic gyroscope signal processing.
优选的，模数转换及前级调理单元包括高速差分运放和高速模数转换器，高速差分运放与高速模数转换器连接，通过高速差分运放对采集的光纤陀螺探测器信号进行放大，并将放大后的信号输入到高速模数转换器中进行数模转换，得到14位数字信号。Preferably, the analog-to-digital conversion and pre-conditioning unit includes a high-speed differential op amp and a high-speed analog-to-digital converter, the high-speed differential op amp is connected to the high-speed analog-to-digital converter, and the collected fiber optic gyro detector signal is amplified by the high-speed differential op amp , and input the amplified signal into a high-speed analog-to-digital converter for digital-to-analog conversion, and obtain a 14-bit digital signal.
优选的，数模转换及后级驱动单元包含一个高速数模转换器和轨到轨运放；高速数模转换器的输出端与轨到轨运放的输入端连接；数模转换及后级驱动单元将16位数字信号转换为差分模拟信号，将转换后的模拟信号用于Y波导驱动。Preferably, the digital-to-analog conversion and post-stage driving unit includes a high-speed digital-to-analog converter and a rail-to-rail operational amplifier; the output end of the high-speed digital-to-analog converter is connected to the input end of the rail-to-rail operational amplifier; the digital-to-analog conversion and post-stage The driving unit converts the 16-bit digital signal into a differential analog signal, and uses the converted analog signal for driving the Y-waveguide.
优选的，可编程逻辑及配置存储器单元包括可编程逻辑阵列和FLASH存储芯片；其中可编程逻辑阵列用于对模数转换及前级调理单元输出的数字信号进行处理，FLASH存储芯片用于对可编程逻辑阵列中的程序和数据进行存储。Preferably, the programmable logic and configuration memory unit includes a programmable logic array and a FLASH memory chip; wherein the programmable logic array is used to process the digital signal output by the analog-to-digital conversion and the pre-conditioning unit, and the FLASH memory chip is used to Programs and data are stored in the programming logic array.
优选的，串行数模转换单元为12位SPI串行数模转换器。Preferably, the serial digital-to-analog conversion unit is a 12-bit SPI serial digital-to-analog converter.
优选的，串口通讯单元包括1路RS-485/422接口接收单元和1路RS-485/422接口发送单元，用于数据通讯。Preferably, the serial communication unit includes one RS-485/422 interface receiving unit and one RS-485/422 interface transmitting unit for data communication.
优选的，输入选通单元为一个二选一单刀双掷模拟开关，用于对输入信号进行选通控制。Preferably, the input gating unit is a two-to-one SPDT analog switch, which is used for gating control of the input signal.
优选的，模数转换及前级调理单元、数模转换及后级驱动单元、可编程逻辑及配置存储器单元、串行数模转换单元、输入选通单元以及串口通讯单元采用多芯片塑封SiP技术将其封装于同一个塑封体，实现一体化封装。Preferably, the analog-to-digital conversion and pre-conditioning unit, digital-to-analog conversion and post-drive unit, programmable logic and configuration memory unit, serial digital-to-analog conversion unit, input gating unit and serial communication unit adopt multi-chip plastic packaging SiP technology It is packaged in the same plastic body to achieve integrated packaging.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1、本发明对光纤陀螺信号处理电路进行集成化设计，使得电路具有信号调理采集功能、数字信号处理功能、闭环控制功能、RS-485/422串口通讯功能，可以实现信号斩波和第二控制回路，提高系统精度，简化系统应用，提升光纤陀螺设计效率；1. The present invention integrates the design of the fiber optic gyro signal processing circuit, so that the circuit has the function of signal conditioning and acquisition, digital signal processing, closed-loop control, and RS-485/422 serial communication function, and can realize signal chopping and second control. loop, improve system accuracy, simplify system application, and improve the design efficiency of fiber optic gyroscope;
2、本发明的模数转换及前级调理单元的信号放大倍数可调，数模转换及后级驱动单元输出电压范围≥9VPP，能够大范围适用各种光纤陀螺系统；2. The signal amplification factor of the analog-to-digital conversion and pre-stage conditioning unit of the present invention is adjustable, and the output voltage range of the digital-to-analog conversion and post-stage driving unit is ≥9VPP , which can be widely used in various fiber optic gyroscope systems;
3、采用多芯片塑封SiP技术，基于多层布线基板，实现高密度电气连接，显著减小电路尺寸和重量，利于光纤陀螺小型化。3. Using multi-chip plastic packaging SiP technology, based on multi-layer wiring substrates, to achieve high-density electrical connections, significantly reduce circuit size and weight, and facilitate the miniaturization of fiber optic gyroscopes.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明提供的一种用于光纤陀螺信号处理的小型化混合集成电路结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural diagram of a miniaturized hybrid integrated circuit for fiber optic gyro signal processing provided by the present invention;
图2为本发明提供的一种用于光纤陀螺信号处理的小型化混合集成电路封装示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a miniaturized hybrid integrated circuit package for fiber optic gyro signal processing provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
需要说明的是，以下实施例中所提供的图示仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本构想，遂图式中仅显示与本发明中有关的组件而非按照实际实施时的组件数目、形状及尺寸绘制，其实际实施时各组件的型态、数量及比例可为一种随意的改变，且其组件布局型态也可能更为复杂。It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic way, so the drawings only show the components related to the present invention rather than the number, shape and number of components in actual implementation. For dimension drawing, the type, quantity and proportion of each component can be changed at will in actual implementation, and the component layout may also be more complicated.
本发明提供一种用于光纤陀螺信号处理的小型化混合集成电路的具体实施方式，如图1所示，该电路包括：模数转换及前级调理单元、数模转换及后级驱动单元、可编程逻辑及配置存储器单元、串行数模转换单元、串口通讯单元以及输入选通单元；每个单元通过基板进行电气连接，且每个单元协同工作，实现光纤陀螺信号处理。The present invention provides a specific implementation of a miniaturized hybrid integrated circuit for fiber optic gyroscope signal processing. As shown in FIG. 1 , the circuit includes: an analog-to-digital conversion and pre-conditioning unit, a digital-to-analog conversion and a post-stage driving unit, Programmable logic and configuration memory unit, serial digital-to-analog conversion unit, serial communication unit and input gating unit; each unit is electrically connected through the substrate, and each unit works together to realize fiber optic gyro signal processing.
在本实施例中，腔体底座内部的布线方式为多层布线，用于各个单元独立的电气连接，实现多器件、多芯片的一体化封装，该方法大大减小了电路的封装尺寸。In this embodiment, the wiring mode inside the cavity base is multi-layer wiring, which is used for independent electrical connection of each unit to realize the integrated packaging of multiple devices and chips. This method greatly reduces the packaging size of the circuit.
在本实施例中模数转换及前级调理单元集成高速差分运放和高速模数转换器，差分运放放大倍数外部可调，差分运放与模数转换器之间设计有抗混叠滤波器，模数转换器可以采集2VPP的模拟信号，并转换为14位数字信号，最高转换速率50Msps。In this embodiment, the analog-to-digital conversion and pre-conditioning unit integrates a high-speed differential op amp and a high-speed analog-to-digital converter, the differential op amp magnification is externally adjustable, and an anti-aliasing filter is designed between the differential op amp and the analog-to-digital converter The analog-to-digital converter can collect 2VPP analog signals and convert them into 14-bit digital signals with a maximum conversion rate of 50Msps.
模数转换及前级调理单元中各个器件包括高速差分运放、高速模数转换器、四个电阻以及一个电容；电阻R1的一端连接高速差分运放的正极输入端，另一端分别与高速差分运放的负极输出端和电阻R2连接；电阻R2的另一端分别与电容的一端和高速模数转换器的负极输入端连接；电阻R3的一端连接高速差分运放的负极输入端，另一端分别连接高速差分运放的正极输出端和电阻R4；电阻R4的另一端分别与电容的另一端和高速模数转换器的正极输入端连接，构成模数转换及前级调理单元。由于模数转换及前级调理单元中设置有高速差分运放，可以对输入信号进行放大，其放大的倍数可以通过电路外部的两个输入电阻分别与R1和R3的比值进行调整，能够大范围适用各种光纤陀螺系统。Each device in the analog-to-digital conversion and pre-conditioning unit includes a high-speed differential op amp, a high-speed analog-to-digital converter, four resistors and a capacitor; one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the positive input end of the high-speed differential op amp, and the other end is connected to the high-speed differential op amp respectively. The negative output end of the op amp is connected to the resistor R2; the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to one end of the capacitor and the negative input end of the high-speed analog-to-digital converter respectively; one end of the resistor R3 is connected to the negative input end of the high-speed differential op amp, and the other end is respectively Connect the positive output terminal of the high-speed differential op amp to the resistor R4; the other end of the resistor R4 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor and the positive input terminal of the high-speed analog-to-digital converter to form an analog-to-digital conversion and pre-conditioning unit. Because the high-speed differential op amp is set in the analog-to-digital conversion and pre-conditioning unit, the input signal can be amplified, and the amplification factor can be adjusted by the ratio of the two input resistors outside the circuit to R1 and R3 respectively, which can be used in a large range. Applicable to various fiber optic gyro systems.
在本实施例中，数模转换及后级驱动单元集成高速数模转换器和轨到轨运放，数模转换器最高转换速率50MHz，可以把16位数字信号转换为差分模拟信号，轨到轨运放对差分模拟信号幅度进行放大，输出差分幅度≥9VPP，主要用于驱动Y波导。In this embodiment, the digital-to-analog conversion and post-stage driving unit integrates a high-speed digital-to-analog converter and a rail-to-rail operational amplifier. The maximum conversion rate of the digital-to-analog converter is 50MHz, which can convert a 16-bit digital signal into a differential analog signal. The rail op amp amplifies the differential analog signal amplitude, and the output differential amplitude is ≥9VPP , which is mainly used to drive the Y-waveguide.
数模转换及后级驱动单元包括高速数模转换器、轨到轨运放以及6个电阻；高速数模转换器正极输出端分别连接电阻R5和电阻R6的一端，电阻R5的另一端接地，电阻R6的另一端与轨到轨运放的正极输入端连接；电阻R7的两端分别连接轨到轨运放的正极输入端和负极输出端；高速数模转换器的负极输出端分别连接电阻R8和电阻R9的一端，电阻R8的另一端接地，电阻R9的另一端连接接轨到轨运放的负极输入端；电阻R10的两端分别连接接轨到轨运放的负极输入端和正极输出端，构成数模转换及后级驱动单元。The digital-to-analog conversion and post-drive unit includes a high-speed digital-to-analog converter, a rail-to-rail operational amplifier, and 6 resistors; the positive output terminals of the high-speed digital-to-analog converter are respectively connected to one end of the resistor R5 and the resistor R6, and the other end of the resistor R5 is grounded. The other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the positive input terminal of the rail-to-rail operational amplifier; the two ends of the resistor R7 are respectively connected to the positive input terminal and the negative output terminal of the rail-to-rail operational amplifier; the negative output terminal of the high-speed digital-to-analog converter is respectively connected to the resistance. One end of R8 and resistor R9, the other end of resistor R8 is grounded, the other end of resistor R9 is connected to the negative input terminal of the rail-to-rail op amp; the two ends of the resistor R10 are connected to the negative input terminal and the positive output terminal of the rail-to-rail op amp respectively , constitute the digital-to-analog conversion and post-stage drive unit.
在本实施例中，可编程逻辑及配置存储器单元包括可编程逻辑阵列和FLASH存储芯片；其中可编程逻辑阵列用于对模数转换及前级调理单元输出的数字信号进行处理，FLASH存储芯片用于对可编程逻辑阵列中的程序和数据进行存储。In this embodiment, the programmable logic and configuration memory unit includes a programmable logic array and a FLASH memory chip; the programmable logic array is used to process the digital signals output by the analog-to-digital conversion and the pre-conditioning unit, and the FLASH memory chip is used for For storing programs and data in programmable logic arrays.
具体的，可编程逻辑及配置存储器单元集成FPGA和FLASH，其中FPGA具有不少于4000个LUTs，4000个DFFs，700K-bit RAM，1个PLL可编程资源，FPGA完成数字信号处理。FLASH具有4M-bit的容量，可以实现FPGA程序和数据的存储。Specifically, the programmable logic and configuration memory unit integrates FPGA and FLASH, wherein the FPGA has no less than 4000 LUTs, 4000 DFFs, 700K-bit RAM, 1 PLL programmable resource, and the FPGA completes digital signal processing. FLASH has a capacity of 4M-bit, which can realize the storage of FPGA programs and data.
在本实施例中，串行数模转换单元采用12位SPI串行数模转换器，具有双通道输出，输出电压范围0～4V，可以给16位并行数模转换器提供基准电压。In this embodiment, the serial digital-to-analog conversion unit adopts a 12-bit SPI serial digital-to-analog converter, has dual-channel output, and an output voltage range of 0-4V, which can provide a reference voltage for the 16-bit parallel digital-to-analog converter.
串口通讯单元包括1路RS-485/422接口接收单元和1路RS-485/422接口发送单元，用于数据通讯。The serial communication unit includes 1 channel RS-485/422 interface receiving unit and 1 channel RS-485/422 interface sending unit for data communication.
在本实施例中，输入选通单元采用二选一单刀双掷模拟开关实现，其速度快，传输延迟时间td≤30ns，导通电阻小，RON≤4.5Ω，可以对输入信号进行选通控制。In this embodiment, the input gating unit is implemented by a two-selection-one SPDT analog switch, which has fast speed, transmission delay time td≤30ns, small on-resistance, RON ≤4.5Ω, and can gate the input signal. control.
模数转换及前级调理单元、数模转换及后级驱动单元、可编程逻辑及配置存储器单元、串行数模转换单元、输入选通单元以及串口通讯单元采用多芯片塑封SiP技术将其封装于同一个塑封体，实现一体化封装。Analog-to-digital conversion and pre-conditioning unit, digital-to-analog conversion and rear-level drive unit, programmable logic and configuration memory unit, serial digital-to-analog conversion unit, input strobe unit and serial communication unit are packaged with multi-chip plastic SiP technology. In the same plastic package to achieve integrated packaging.
具体的，所使用的多芯片塑封SiP封装技术，采用多层布线基板，封装尺寸为14.00±0.10mm×14.00±0.10mm×1.46±0.10mm。Specifically, the used multi-chip plastic packaging SiP packaging technology adopts a multi-layer wiring substrate, and the packaging size is 14.00±0.10mm×14.00±0.10mm×1.46±0.10mm.
一种用于光纤陀螺信号处理的小型化混合集成电路，该电路中，输入选通单元首先对输入信号进行选通控制，可以对输入信号中的尖刺进行斩波；模数转换及前级调理单元对输入选通后的信号进行滤波、放大、模数转换，输出14位数字信号到可编程逻辑及配置存储器单元，可编程逻辑及配置存储器单元对数字信号进行解算，并输出16位数字调制控制信号给数模转换及后级驱动单元，由数模转换及后级驱动单元转换为模拟调制控制信号，驱动Y波导实现闭环控制；可编程逻辑及配置存储器单元给模数转换及前级调理单元和数模转换及后级驱动单元提供时钟信号，对串行数模转换单元进行配置，把光纤陀螺输出数据发送给RS-485/422串口通讯单元，实现对外通讯。A miniaturized hybrid integrated circuit for fiber optic gyroscope signal processing. In the circuit, an input gating unit firstly performs gating control on the input signal, and can chop the spikes in the input signal; The conditioning unit filters, amplifies, and converts the input gated signal, and outputs a 14-bit digital signal to the programmable logic and configuration memory unit. The programmable logic and configuration memory unit solves the digital signal and outputs 16-bit digital signal. The digital modulation control signal is sent to the digital-to-analog conversion and post-drive unit, which is converted into an analog modulation control signal by the digital-to-analog conversion and post-drive unit, and drives the Y waveguide to realize closed-loop control; The stage conditioning unit, digital-to-analog conversion and post-stage drive unit provide clock signals, configure the serial digital-to-analog conversion unit, and send the output data of the fiber optic gyro to the RS-485/422 serial communication unit to realize external communication.
具体地，在上述一种用于光纤陀螺信号处理的小型化混合集成电路中各个电子元器件均选用裸芯片，电阻和电容选用0201封装的片式元件，磁珠选用0402封装的片式元件，不仅可减少封装体积，同时，所选用电子元器件能够满足军用使用环境，扩大了电路的使用场景，便于推广应用。Specifically, in the above-mentioned miniaturized hybrid integrated circuit for fiber optic gyroscope signal processing, bare chips are used for each electronic component, 0201 packaged chip components are used for resistors and capacitors, and 0402 packaged chip components are used for magnetic beads. Not only can the package volume be reduced, but at the same time, the selected electronic components can meet the military use environment, expand the use scene of the circuit, and facilitate the promotion and application.
一种用于光纤陀螺信号处理的小型化混合集成电路封装结构示意图，如图2所示，该结构包括：采用多芯片SiP塑封技术，基于多层布线基板，集成了9颗裸芯片和多颗无源器件。A schematic diagram of a miniaturized hybrid integrated circuit package structure for fiber optic gyroscope signal processing, as shown in Figure 2, the structure includes: using multi-chip SiP plastic packaging technology, based on a multi-layer wiring substrate, integrating 9 bare chips and multiple Passive components.
具体的，U3为二选一单刀双掷开关，构成输入选通单元；U4为高速差分运放，U5为模数转换器，U4、U5与外围阻容实现模数转换及前级调理单元；U8为数模转换器，U9为轨到轨运放，U8、U9与外围阻容实现数模转换及后级驱动单元；U7为串行SPI数模转换器，构成串行数模转换单元；U1为FPGA、U2为FLASH，U1、U2实现可编程逻辑及配置存储器单元；U6为RS-485/422接口芯片，构成RS-485/422串口通讯单元。Specifically, U3 is a two-to-one SPDT switch, which constitutes an input gating unit; U4 is a high-speed differential op amp, U5 is an analog-to-digital converter, and U4, U5 and peripheral resistance-capacitance realize analog-to-digital conversion and pre-conditioning unit; U8 is a digital-to-analog converter, U9 is a rail-to-rail op amp, U8, U9 and peripheral resistance and capacitance realize digital-to-analog conversion and post-stage drive unit; U7 is a serial SPI digital-to-analog converter, which constitutes a serial digital-to-analog conversion unit; U1 is FPGA, U2 is FLASH, U1, U2 realize programmable logic and configuration memory unit; U6 is RS-485/422 interface chip, which constitutes RS-485/422 serial communication unit.
优选的，采用±5V和3.3V的电源为各个芯片供电，为各个电源引脚提供适当的旁路电容，电容的大小为10μF和0.1μF，保证多功能电路的正常工作。Preferably, ±5V and 3.3V power supplies are used to power each chip, and appropriate bypass capacitors are provided for each power supply pin, and the capacitors are 10 μF and 0.1 μF to ensure the normal operation of the multi-function circuit.
本发明采用多芯片塑封SiP技术，设计多层布线基板集成各个元器件，其中，所述模数转换及前级调理单元、数模转换及后级驱动单元、可编程逻辑及配置存储器单元、串行数模转换单元、输入选通单元、RS-485/422串口通讯单元封装于同一个塑封体内，相对于现有的电路结构封装，显著提高了集成度，减少了电路尺寸和重量，且本发明应用简单方便，可以提高设计效率。所以，本发明有效克服了现有技术中的种种缺点而具高度产业利用价值。The present invention adopts multi-chip plastic encapsulation SiP technology to design a multi-layer wiring substrate to integrate various components. The line digital-to-analog conversion unit, the input strobe unit, and the RS-485/422 serial communication unit are packaged in the same plastic package. Compared with the existing circuit structure package, the integration level is significantly improved, and the circuit size and weight are reduced. The application of the invention is simple and convenient, and the design efficiency can be improved. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
当介绍本申请的各种实施例的元件时，冠词“一”、“一个”、“这个”和“所述”都意图表示有一个或多个元件。词语“包括”、“包含”和“具有”都是包括性的并意味着除了列出的元件之外，还可以有其它元件。When introducing elements of various embodiments of the present application, the articles "a," "an," "the," and "said" are intended to mean that there are one or more of the elements. The words "comprising", "comprising" and "having" are all inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements other than the listed elements.
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“设置”、“连接”、“固定”、“旋接”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "arrangement", "connection", "fixation" and "swivel connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, or It can be a detachable connection or an integrated body; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction between the two elements. Unless otherwise clearly defined, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.
尽管已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本申请的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本申请的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application and modifications, the scope of this application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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