CN114961989A - Engine crankshaft disc headstock and automatic adjusting method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an engine crankshaft turning head and an automatic adjusting method thereof, wherein the turning head comprises a turning head seat and turning pins, wherein at least two turning pins protrude out of one side of the turning head seat and can move in the radial direction or the axial direction relative to the turning head seat so as to change the distance between the turning pins protruding out of the turning head seat. According to the invention, based on the adjustment of the machine type structure, the matching of the disk head is automatically realized, an adapter is not required to be added, and the manual intervention and the recycling of an adapter tool can be saved; the only external drive of the invention is the positioning of the clutch block, but the operation is tightly used during the model changing, thereby greatly improving the stability of the structure; the whole disc head does not need to be replaced, so that the equipment space is greatly reduced; the invention can be widely applied to the high-flexibility assembly line of the current engine, the end surface structures of the crankshafts of engines with different discharge capacities are different, and the crankshafts can be automatically switched based on the engine models, so that the multi-model automatic assembly is realized.

Description

Engine crankshaft disc headstock and automatic adjusting method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engines of vehicles, in particular to an engine crankshaft disc headstock and an automatic adjusting method thereof.

Background

In the process of assembling the engine, process monitoring is added at different stages, so that process abnormity, such as abnormal size of parts, quality defects, artificial abnormal input, equipment problems and the like, can be effectively identified.

Based on the background, the modern engine assembly line is additionally provided with the process detection processes of rotary torque detection, valve clearance detection and the like, and the processes need to perform turning on the crankshaft to realize detection of different positions. In addition, with the increase of labor cost and the continuous requirement of ergonomics, the automation rate is already used as a new index (such as automatic tightening of a connecting rod) of an assembly line and is used as an important parameter for planning a production line. The demand for crankshaft jiggers is also increasing.

Present automatic equipment bent axle plate locomotive can only be applicable to a crankshaft structure, when involving multiple model when mixing production, need increase the adapter or change the dish locomotive, solves multimachine type barring problem, and this has improved the artifical input cost greatly, has also increased the complexity of equipment and has occupied area space, seriously restricts the automation rate of whole line.

In view of the above, the present invention provides an engine crankshaft head and an automatic adjustment method thereof, so as to solve the above technical problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an engine crankshaft barring head and an automatic adjusting method thereof, which can solve the problem that a multi-model crankshaft barring structure is different and cannot be compatible, and achieve the purposes of low cost and high stability.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an engine crankshaft barring gear which comprises a barring gear seat and a barring pin,

wherein at least two barring pins protrude out of one side of the barring headstock and are movable in a radial or axial direction relative to the barring headstock to vary the distance between the barring pins protruding out of the barring headstock.

The engine crankshaft turning head further comprises a turning pin mounting block for mounting a turning pin, the turning pin mounting block is connected with a lead screw, and the lead screw is driven by a servo motor so as to drive the turning pin to move along the radial direction of the turning head.

The engine crankshaft turning head further comprises a turning pin mounting block for mounting a turning pin, and an air cylinder is mounted on the other side of the turning head seat and connected with the turning pin mounting block so as to drive the turning pin to move along the radial direction of the turning head seat.

The engine crankshaft disk headstock is characterized in that an asymmetric connecting end connected with a clutch block is arranged on the other side of the disk headstock, and the clutch block is driven by a motor so as to drive the disk headstock to rotate.

The engine crankshaft barring head is characterized in that two pairs of barring pins are oppositely arranged on one side of the barring head seat in a pairwise mode, the barring pins can move in the axial direction of the barring head seat, and the relative distance between one pair of barring pins is different from that between the other pair of barring pins.

The engine crankshaft plate headstock is characterized in that each plate turning pin is connected with a lead screw, and the lead screws are driven by servo motors.

The engine crankshaft plate locomotive is characterized in that each plate turning pin is independently driven by an air cylinder.

The engine crankshaft disc headstock further comprises a molded line block, a cylindrical cavity is arranged on the other side of the disc headstock, one side of the molded line block is connected with the disc turning pin, the other side of the molded line block is used for being connected with the clutch block and can rotate under the driving of the clutch block, and a relatively-arranged higher convex portion and a relatively-arranged lower concave portion are arranged on one side of the molded line block, which is connected with the disc turning pin.

The engine crankshaft disc headstock is characterized in that an asymmetric connecting end connected with a clutch block is arranged on the other side of the molded line block, and the clutch block is driven by a motor.

The invention also provides an automatic adjusting method for the engine crankshaft head, wherein the relative position of the barring pin on the barring head seat is adjusted along the radial direction or the axial direction, so that engine crankshafts with different specifications can be adapted.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) based on the adjustment of the machine type structure, the matching of the disk head is automatically realized, an adapter is not required to be added, and manual intervention and the recycling of an adapter tool can be omitted;

(2) the only external drive of the invention is the positioning of the clutch block, but the operation is tightly used during the model changing, thereby greatly improving the stability of the structure;

(3) the whole disc head does not need to be replaced, so that the equipment space is greatly reduced;

(4) the invention can be widely applied to the high-flexibility assembly line of the current engine, the end surface structures of the crankshafts of engines with different discharge capacities are different, and the crankshafts can be automatically switched based on the engine models, so that the multi-model automatic assembly is realized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a disc head side according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a perspective view of the other side of the barring head according to the first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an asymmetric connection end of a disc head according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a truck head side according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a pallet truck head according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a disc head (without mold blocks) according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a perspective view of a molded line block according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a screw drive according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a clutch plate according to the present invention;

fig. 10 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a clutch plate according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to clearly illustrate the summary of the invention, the invention is described below with reference to examples.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

With the background that the requirements of a multi-model mixed production flexible assembly line are continuously improved, the automatic model changing method for the crankshaft jigger meets the requirements of low cost and high stability, so that the engine crankshaft jigger head and the automatic adjusting method thereof greatly improve the automation rate of the assembly line and the stability of the production line.

First embodiment

A first embodiment of the present invention provides a radial self-adjusting engine crankshaft head, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, which mainly includes: abarring headstock 11, abarring pin 12 and a barringpin mounting block 13.

Thejigger head seat 11 is disc-shaped, two jiggerpin installation blocks 13 which can move along the radial direction of thejigger head seat 11 and are oppositely installed are installed on one side of thejigger head seat 11, the twojigger pins 12 are respectively installed on the two jiggerpin installation blocks 13, and the relative distance of the twojigger pins 12 is adjusted by adjusting the relative distance between the two jiggerpin installation blocks 13 so as to adapt to engine crankshafts with different specifications. In use, according to the interval between the barring holes on the engine crankshaft, the relative distance of twobarring pins 12 is adjusted, and thebarring pins 12 are inserted into the barring holes and positioned, so that the crankshaft rotates under the driving of the barring head.

The other side of thebarring head seat 11 is provided with a driving source. In a preferred embodiment, thekingpin mounting block 13 is driven by a servo motor. Specifically, the two turningpin mounting blocks 13 are respectively connected with alead screw 14, and thelead screw 14 is driven by a servo motor. When the servo motor drives thescrew rod 14 to rotate, and further drives the barringpin mounting block 13 to move to a preset position on thescrew rod 14 along the radial direction of thebarring headstock 11, the servo motor stops rotating, and the barringpin mounting block 13 and thebarring pin 12 can be fixed at the preset position. The servo motor is installed on thebarring gear seat 11 and rotates synchronously with the lead screw, and the servo motor is provided with an electric brush to meet the input of a power supply in the rotating process. Preferably, a bevel gear is arranged in the turningpin mounting block 13 so as to complete 90-degree reversing driving.

In another preferred embodiment, the drive source is a pneumatic source. Specifically, two air cylinders are mounted on the other side of thebarring head seat 11, and are respectively connected with the two barringpin mounting blocks 13, so that the other side of thebarring head seat 11 slides back and forth along the radial direction of thebarring head seat 11 under the driving of the air cylinders. In addition, a pneumatic rotary joint is arranged at the joint of the cylinder and the turningpin mounting block 13 so as to ensure the connection of a static air source input pipe and a rotary disc vehicle head.

In addition, as shown in fig. 3, the other side of the engine crankshaft head with the radial automatic adjustment is provided with anasymmetric connection end 15 connected with a clutch block (not shown in the figure) which is driven by a motor to drive the disk head to rotate. The asymmetric connectingend 15 is a cylindrical structure extending from the other side of the turning gear head seat, the outer circumference of the cylindrical structure is a cylinder, a plurality oftooth parts 16 which are asymmetrically arranged are arranged in the cylindrical structure, and thetooth parts 16 are used for being connected with the strip-shaped groove of the clutch block. Due to the fact that the plurality oftooth portions 16 are arranged asymmetrically, when the clutch block is connected with thetooth portions 16, the position uniqueness of the disk head can be guaranteed simultaneously.

Second embodiment

A second embodiment of the present invention provides an engine crankshaft head with automatic axial adjustment, as shown in fig. 4 to 8, which mainly includes: ajigger seat 21, ajigger pin 22, and a jiggerpin mounting block 23.

Thebarring headstock 21 is disc-shaped, and at least two barringpin mounting blocks 23 which are relatively mounted and can move along the axial direction of thebarring headstock 21 are mounted on one side of the barring headstock. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, two pairs of jiggerpin mounting blocks 23 are oppositely arranged on one side of thejigger head seat 21 two by two, and the relative distance between one pair of jiggerpin mounting blocks 23 is different from the relative distance between the other pair of jiggerpin mounting blocks 23, so as to adapt to engine crankshafts with different specifications. Note that, for the convenience of structural display, the structure of one of the pair of barring pins and the barring pin mounting block thereof is omitted in fig. 4.

Oneturning pin 22 is provided on each turningpin mounting block 23. In use, one pair of the barringpin mounting blocks 23 is selectively extended and inserted into the barring holes according to the specification of the engine crankshaft according to the distance between the barring holes on the engine crankshaft, and the other pair of the barringpin mounting blocks 23 is retracted, so that the crankshaft is driven by the barring head to rotate.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, each turningpin mounting block 23 is connected with alead screw 24, the lead screws 24 are respectively driven by a servo motor (not shown in the figure), the turningpin mounting blocks 23 can be driven to move in the axial direction through the rotation of the lead screws, so that the adjustment of different turning pins is realized, and a sliding connection pair can be added when the base is matched with the lead screws. The power supply of the servo motor can adopt an electric brush structure, and the input of the power supply in the rotating process is met. Wherein the two barring pins in the cross-sectional view shown in fig. 6 are adjacently arranged barring pins, rather than oppositely arranged barring pins.

As shown in fig. 8, when only one pair of jigger pins 22 are disposed on thejigger seat 21, the other outer side of thejigger seat 21 is driven by the jigger motor to rotate, and thelead screw 24 is rotated and converted into the axial feed motion of the jigger pins 22.

Further, the jiggerpin mounting block 23 may be driven by an air cylinder alone to move in the axial direction.

In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 and 7, the other side of the barringgear seat 21 is provided with a cylindrical cavity, one side of theprofile block 25 is connected with the barringpin mounting block 23, and the other side of theprofile block 25 is used for connecting with theclutch block 26. In particular, the side of theprofile block 25 that is connected to the barringpin mounting block 23 has a streamlined rugged surface (fig. 7), in particular the rugged or equal side of theprofile block 25 has in particular oppositely arranged higher elevations and oppositely arranged lower depressions. Through the rotation of the moldedblocks 25 in the axial direction, the convex parts of the moldedblocks 25 correspond to one pair of the jigger pins 22, the concave parts of the molded blocks correspond to the other pair of the jigger pins 22, the jigger pins 22 corresponding to the convex parts extend out of thejigger base 21 and are used for being connected with the engine crankshaft, and the jigger pins 22 corresponding to the concave parts retract into thejigger base 21, so that the interference on the rotation of the engine crankshaft is avoided. In the embodiment, the air cylinder or the servo motor is omitted, so that the structure is more compact and the assembly is convenient.

In addition, in a preferred embodiment, the barringpin mounting block 23 may be omitted, that is, the barringpin 22 is mounted in the pin hole of the barringhead seat 21, and is designed in a pin type structure, a head of the barring pin contacts the moldedblock 25, and a spring (not shown in the figure) may be added between the barringhead seat 21 and the barringpin 22, so as to generate a pushing force pushing the barringpin 22 to retract into the barringhead seat 21.

Finally, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the other side of theprofile block 25 of the axially self-adjusting engine crank head is provided with an asymmetric connection end 27 connected with aclutch block 26, and theclutch block 26 is driven by a motor so as to drive the disk head to rotate. Theasymmetric connecting end 27 is a cylindrical structure extending from the other side of the turning gear head seat, the outer circumference of the cylindrical structure is a cylinder, a plurality oftooth parts 28 are asymmetrically arranged in the cylindrical structure, and thetooth parts 28 are used for being connected with the long strip grooves of the clutch block. Due to the fact that the plurality oftooth parts 28 are arranged asymmetrically, when the clutch block is connected with thetooth parts 28, the position uniqueness of the disk head can be guaranteed at the same time. When the mold needs to be changed, the locking shaft extends out of the upper part of the station by using the air cylinder and extends into the strip groove, and the position of the clutch block is changed by using the servo motion of the inherent forward and backward motion of the equipment barring shaft direction, so that the automatic mold changing is realized. Different reference circle engaging structures are designed in the clutch block, one end of the clutch block is engaged with the turninghead seat 21, and the other end of the clutch block is engaged with the moldedline block 25.

The relative motion of the barringheadstock 21 and the moldedline block 25 realizes locking and relative motion through theclutch block 26, namely when the clutch block is disengaged from the molded line block, the molded line block and the barring headstock can independently move, the barring headstock is dragged to rotate through the servo motor, the spatial position of the barring pin can be changed, and automatic model change is realized; when the clutch block is meshed with the molded line block, the turning head seat and the molded line block rotate relatively and are locked, and the normal crankshaft turning function can be realized.

Preferably, the jigger servo motors are all provided with absolute encoders, so that in order to ensure the uniqueness of jigger jiggering, an asymmetric structure is designed at each meshing position, such as the meshing of a jigger head seat and a clutch block, and the meshing of a clutch block and a molded line block.

Preferably, the invention can also manually increase the adapters and design the loop wire adapter tool for recycling. One end of the adapter is matched with the crankshaft, the other end of the adapter is made into a universal structure to be matched with the turning head, and when each type reaches a station in front of the turning head, the adapter corresponding to the type is manually installed on the crankshaft and enters a test station along with the engine. After leaving the station for the end of measurement, the adapter is removed and returned to the installation station.

In addition, the invention also provides an automatic adjustment method applying the engine crankshaft turning head, which is mainly used for adapting to engine crankshafts with different specifications by adjusting the relative position of the turning pin on the turning head seat.

In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

(1) based on the adjustment of the machine type structure, the matching of the disk head is automatically realized, an adapter is not required to be added, and manual intervention and the recycling of an adapter tool can be omitted;

(2) the only external drive of the invention is the positioning of the clutch block, but the operation is tightly used during the model changing, thereby greatly improving the stability of the structure;

(3) the whole disc head does not need to be replaced, so that the equipment space is greatly reduced;

(4) the invention can be widely applied to the high-flexibility assembly line of the current engine, the end surfaces of crankshafts of engines with different displacement have different structures, and the headstock of the crankshaft disk can be automatically switched based on the engine type, so that multi-machine type automatic assembly is realized.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. An engine crankshaft head, which is characterized by comprising a head seat and a head pin,

wherein at least two barring pins protrude out of one side of the barring headstock and are movable in a radial or axial direction relative to the barring headstock to vary the distance between the barring pins protruding out of the barring headstock.

2. The engine crankshaft headstock of claim 1, further comprising a jigger pin mounting block for mounting jigger pins, the jigger pin mounting block being connected to a lead screw, the lead screw being driven by a servo motor to drive the jigger pins to move in a radial direction of the jigger headstock.

3. The engine crankshaft headstock of claim 1, further comprising a jigger pin mounting block for mounting jigger pins, wherein an air cylinder is mounted on the other side of the jigger seat, and the air cylinder is connected with the jigger pin mounting block so as to drive the jigger pins to move along the radial direction of the jigger seat.

4. The engine crankshaft headstock of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the other side of the headstock is provided with an asymmetric connection end connected to a clutch block, the clutch block being driven by a motor to drive the headstock in rotation.

5. The engine crankshaft headstock of claim 1, wherein two pairs of jigger pins are disposed opposite to each other on one side of the jigger headstock, the jigger pins being movable in an axial direction of the jigger headstock, and wherein a relative distance of one pair of jigger pins is different from a relative distance of the other pair of jigger pins.

6. The engine crankshaft headstock of claim 5, wherein a lead screw is connected to each barring pin, the lead screw being driven by a servo motor.

7. The engine crankshaft locomotive according to claim 5, wherein each barring pin is driven individually by a cylinder.

8. The engine crankshaft pulley head of claim 5, further comprising a molded line block, wherein the other side of the pulley head seat is provided with a cylindrical cavity, one side of the molded line block is connected with the pulley pin, the other side of the molded line block is used for being connected with the clutch block and can rotate under the driving of the clutch block, and the side of the molded line block connected with the pulley pin is provided with a relatively higher convex portion and a relatively lower concave portion.

9. The engine crankshaft disk locomotive according to claim 8, wherein an asymmetric connection end connected with a clutch block is arranged on the other side of the profile block, and the clutch block is driven by a motor.

10. The method for automatically adjusting the engine crankshaft headstock according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is applied, wherein the relative positions of the barring pins on the headstock are adjusted in the radial direction or the axial direction, so that engine crankshafts with different specifications can be adapted.

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