CN114927818A - Battery module and battery pack - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery module and a battery pack, wherein the battery module comprises a shell and a plurality of single batteries, and a plastic bracket is arranged between every two adjacent single batteries; the plastic bracket comprises a first connecting part, a second connecting part and a third connecting part; adjacent single batteries are separated through the third connecting portion, the middle portion of the third connecting portion is formed into a first avoidance area in a hollow mode, and expansion deformation of the single batteries is avoided through the first avoidance area. According to the battery module, the original adhesive tape and the original plastic top cover are replaced by the plastic support between the two adjacent single batteries, so that the mounting procedures are reduced, and the cost is reduced; the plastic support is novel in structure, has the function of avoiding the swelling of the single batteries, has multiple functions of binding wires and/or positioning and fixing the busbar and/or the cooling air duct, meets the requirements of different battery module lengths and serial-parallel numbers, is high in compatibility, and greatly reduces the production cost.

Description

Battery module and battery pack

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a battery module and a battery pack.

Background

The battery module is a main component of a battery pack of a new energy automobile, and in the prior art, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the battery module mainly comprises a shell; the battery unit comprises a plurality of battery units which are arranged in the shell, and the plurality of battery units are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the shell; two adhesive tapes which are arranged at intervals are arranged between the adjacent single batteries so as to avoid the bulging of the corresponding single batteries through the interval space; the plastic top covers are multiple and located at the tops of the single batteries, and the multiple plastic top covers and the multiple single batteries are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode. In addition, the plastic top cover in the prior art can also be of an integrated structure;

the structure of the prior art needs two processes of bonding two adhesive tapes and buckling the plastic top cover between the single batteries, so that the number of the processes is increased, and the production cost is high.

Therefore, in view of the above technical problems, it is urgently required by those skilled in the art to develop a battery module and a battery pack.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a battery module and a battery pack, wherein a plastic support is arranged between adjacent single batteries, and the plastic support is used for directly replacing two rubber strips and a plastic top cover, so that the installation procedures are reduced, and the cost is reduced.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the battery module comprises a shell and a plurality of single batteries arranged along the length direction of the shell, and is characterized in that a plastic bracket is arranged between every two adjacent single batteries;

the plastic support includes:

the first connecting part is positioned at the top of the single battery;

the second connecting part is positioned at the bottom of the single battery; and

a third connection part connected to the first connection part and the second connection part and extending in a height direction of the unit battery;

and the adjacent single batteries are separated through the third connecting part, the middle parts of the third connecting parts are hollowed to form a first avoidance area, and the expansion deformation of the single batteries is avoided through the first avoidance area.

Further, the first connection portion includes:

a first body portion extending in a longitudinal direction of the unit battery; and

the first convex part is positioned at the position close to the end part in the length direction of the first main body part and protrudes out of the surface of the first main body part;

the length of the first convex part is matched with the width of the first main body part;

one end of the joint of the first convex part and the first main body part is provided with a wire binding groove which penetrates through the first convex part.

Further, the battery module still includes:

a plurality of bus bars electrically connected with the corresponding unit cells; and

the collection wiring harness extends along the length direction of the battery module and is provided with a plurality of collection parts, and each collection part is connected with the corresponding busbar;

gather the pencil arrange in on the first convex part, gather the pencil through wearing to locate bandage in the ligature groove with plastic support fixed connection.

Furthermore, the first connecting part and the second connecting part are both provided with channels;

the channel of the first connecting part is positioned in the middle part; the two channels and the first avoiding area of the third connecting part form a branch air duct, and the branch air duct is used for heat dissipation and ventilation of the battery module.

Further, the device also comprises a bus bar;

the single battery is provided with two polar columns;

the first connecting part comprises a first main body part, and a second avoidance area for avoiding the pole is formed at the matching position of the first main body part and the pole;

a positioning part protrudes from the surface of the first main body part;

the busbar is provided with a positioning hole, and the busbar is positioned and installed through the positioning part and the positioning hole.

Further, the first connecting portion further includes:

second protrusions located at both ends of the first body in the longitudinal direction;

one end of the second convex part in the thickness direction of the single battery is provided with a first elastic part, and the other end of the second convex part in the thickness direction of the single battery is provided with a mounting hole penetrating through the second convex part.

Further, a bus bar mounting space is reserved on the first main body part close to the second convex part;

the first main body part is provided with a second elastic part matched with the first elastic part, and two sides of the bus bar in the width direction are respectively clamped and fixed through the first elastic part and the second elastic part.

The invention also discloses a battery pack which comprises a box body and a battery module arranged in the box body, wherein the plastic bracket is arranged between adjacent single batteries in the battery module.

In the above technical scheme, the battery module and the battery pack provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:

according to the battery module, the original adhesive tape and the original plastic top cover are replaced by the plastic support between the two adjacent single batteries, so that the mounting procedures are reduced, and the cost is reduced; the plastic support is novel in structure, has the functions of avoiding the swelling of the single batteries and binding and/or positioning the fixed busbar and/or the cooling air duct, meets the requirements of different battery module lengths and serial-parallel numbers, is high in compatibility, and greatly reduces the production cost.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a battery module in the prior art;

fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a battery module in the related art;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention when the battery module is a multi-string one;

fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention when a plurality of battery modules are connected in series;

fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a first structure of a plastic bracket of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view illustrating a second structure of a plastic bracket of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a third structure of a plastic bracket of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is a multi-string two-parallel battery module;

fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention in which a plurality of strings are connected in parallel;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals:

1. a battery module; 2. a plastic support; 3. collecting a wire harness; 4. binding a belt; 5. a bus bar; 6. a box body; 7. an insulating cover plate;

101. a single battery;

201. a first connection portion; 202. a second connecting portion; 203. a third connecting portion; 204. a channel; 205. a second convex portion; 206. a first elastic part; 207. a second elastic part; 208. a positioning part; 209. a second avoidance region;

20101. a first main body portion; 20102. a first convex portion; 20103. binding a wire groove;

20301. a first avoidance region;

20501. mounting holes;

20701. a connecting arm; 20702. a clamping part;

301. a collecting part;

501. positioning holes; 502. avoiding holes; 503. a notch;

601. an air inlet; 602. an air outlet; 603. an air inlet duct; 604. an air outlet duct.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

See fig. 3-9;

thebattery module 1 of the embodiment comprises a shell and a plurality ofsingle batteries 101 arranged along the length direction of the shell, wherein aplastic bracket 2 is arranged between every two adjacentsingle batteries 101;

wherein, theplastic bracket 2 of the present embodiment includes:

afirst connection part 201 on the top of theunit cell 101;

asecond connection portion 202 located at the bottom of theunit cell 101; and

athird connection portion 203 connected to thefirst connection portion 201 and thesecond connection portion 202 and extending in the height direction of theunit battery 101;

the adjacentsingle batteries 101 are separated by thethird connection portion 203, the middle portion of thethird connection portion 203 is hollowed to form afirst avoidance region 20301, and the expansion deformation of the single battery 01 is avoided by thefirst avoidance region 20301.

Specifically, in order to overcome the defect of avoiding the swelling deformation by separating the adjacentsingle batteries 101 in a manner of adhesive tape in the prior art, theplastic bracket 2 is disposed between the two adjacentsingle batteries 101, theplastic bracket 2 disclosed in this embodiment mainly includes a first connectingportion 201 at the upper end, a second connectingportion 202 at the lower end, and a third connectingportion 203 in the middle, wherein the first connectingportion 201 is located at the upper end of thesingle battery 101, the second connectingportion 202 is located at the lower end of thesingle battery 101, the height direction of thesingle battery 101 is limited by the first connectingportion 201 and the second connectingportion 202, and at this time, the third connectingportion 203 is located between the twosingle batteries 101, so as to isolate the two adjacentsingle batteries 101 by the third connectingportion 203. Meanwhile, according to the expansion deformation of thesingle battery 101 during the operation of thebattery module 1, a hollowedfirst avoidance region 20301 is processed at the middle position of thethird connection portion 203, and the size of the first avoidance region 0301 is larger than the size of the expansion deformation part of thesingle battery 101 so as to effectively avoid the expansion deformation of thesingle battery 101 through the hollowedfirst avoidance region 20301.

Referring to fig. 5, preferably, thefirst connection portion 201 of the present embodiment includes:

afirst body part 20101 extending in the longitudinal direction of the battery cell 01; and

a firstconvex part 20102 which is located at a position near an end part in the length direction of thefirst body part 20101 and protrudes from the surface of thefirst body part 20101;

the length of thefirst protrusion 20102 matches the width of thefirst body 20101;

one end of the joint between thefirst protrusion 20102 and thefirst body 20101 is provided with abinding groove 20103 penetrating thefirst protrusion 20102.

Wherein, above-mentionedbattery module 1 still includes:

a plurality ofbus bars 5, thebus bars 5 being electrically connected to thecorresponding unit cells 101; and

thecollecting wire harness 3 extends along the length direction of thebattery module 1, thecollecting wire harness 3 is provided with a plurality of collectingparts 301, and each collectingpart 301 is connected with the correspondingbus bar 5;

thecollection wire harness 3 is arranged on the firstconvex part 20102, and thecollection wire harness 3 is fixedly connected with theplastic bracket 2 through aribbon 4 arranged in thewire tying groove 20103 in a penetrating mode.

The present embodiment further defines the structure of the first connectingportion 201, and in order to be able to mate with the bus bars 5 of thebattery modules 1, the collectingharness 3, the first connectingportion 201 of the present embodiment mainly includes the firstmain body portion 20101 and the first protrudingportion 20102, the first protrudingportion 20102 is formed at a position where the firstmain body portion 20101 is close to both ends in the longitudinal direction, and abinding groove 20103 penetrating the first protrudingportion 20102 is machined at the junction between the first protrudingportion 20102 and the firstmain body portion 20101 and at one end of the first protrudingportion 20102 in the longitudinal direction. Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, a plurality ofbus bars 5 are arranged according to the connection requirement of thesingle battery 101, thecollection harness 3 extends along the length direction of thebattery module 1, and is specifically located on the upper surface of the firstconvex portion 20102, and since the firstconvex portion 20102 is provided with thewire tying groove 20103, thecollection harness 3 of the present embodiment fixes thecollection harness 3 on theplastic bracket 2 in a way that a plurality ofties 4 and a plurality ofwire tying grooves 20103 are matched one by one. Adopt this mode can firmly bindcollection pencil 3 onplastic support 2 throughribbon 4, avoid the vibration to arouse thatcollection pencil 3 shakes to cause the disconnection of electric connection department.

The collectingharness 3 has a plurality of collectingparts 301, and is connected to thebus bar 5 to collect information of theunit batteries 101 through the collectingparts 301.

Referring to fig. 6, preferably, in consideration of the heat dissipation problem of thebattery module 1, thefirst connection portion 201 and thesecond connection portion 202 of the present embodiment are both provided with achannel 204;

thechannel 204 of thefirst connection 201 is in a middle position;

the twochannels 204 and thefirst escape area 20301 of the third connectingportion 203 form a branch air duct for heat dissipation and ventilation of thebattery module 1.

The branch air ducts formed by theplastic support 2 are respectively communicated with theair inlet duct 603 and theair outlet duct 604 formed inside thebattery module 1, so that large-area heat dissipation of thesingle battery 101 can be realized.

Preferably, thesingle battery 101 of the present embodiment has two poles;

the first connecting part comprises a firstmain body part 20101, and asecond avoidance area 209 for avoiding the pole is formed at the matching position of the firstmain body part 20101 and the pole in the embodiment;

the surface of the firstmain body part 20101 protrudes with apositioning part 208;

thebusbar 5 is provided with apositioning hole 501, and thebusbar 5 is positioned and installed through thepositioning part 208 and thepositioning hole 501.

In order to avoid the pole of thesingle battery 101, second avoidingregions 209 are processed on the firstmain body part 20101, specifically, a group of second avoidingregions 209 are arranged at two ends of the firstmain body part 20101 in the length direction, and because thesingle batteries 101 are arranged on two sides of theplastic support 2, each group of second avoidingregions 209 comprises two symmetrically distributed second avoidingregions 209, and meanwhile, thepositioning part 208 is positioned between the two symmetrical second avoidingregions 209; as a preferred embodiment, thepositioning portion 208 according to the present embodiment may be a positioning column.

Thebus bar 5 is provided with apositioning hole 501 matching with thepositioning portion 208.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, when thebattery module 1 is a multi-string structure, thebus bar 5 electrically connects corresponding poles of two adjacentsingle batteries 101, thebus bar 5 is provided with apositioning hole 501, thepositioning hole 501 is matched with thepositioning portion 208 to position thebus bar 5, the firstelastic portion 206 and the secondelastic portion 207 on two sides of thebus bar 5 are clamped and fixed, and thebus bar 5 is welded to the corresponding poles of the correspondingsingle batteries 101 by laser.

Referring to fig. 8 and 9, when thebattery module 1 is a multi-string two-parallel battery module, thebus bar 5 is electrically connected to corresponding poles of four adjacentsingle batteries 101, one or twopositioning holes 501 are formed in thebus bar 5, in this embodiment, twopositioning holes 501 are taken as an example for further explanation and explanation, and oneavoidance hole 502 is provided, so as to avoid thepositioning portion 208 which is not needed for positioning through theavoidance hole 502, the positioning of thebus bar 5 is realized by matching the positioning holes 501 with thecorresponding positioning portions 208, the clamping fixation is realized through the firstelastic portion 206 and the secondelastic portion 207 which are located at two sides of thebus bar 5, and thebus bar 5 is electrically connected to the corresponding poles of the correspondingsingle batteries 101 through laser welding; as an expanded embodiment, since there are many elastic parts for clamping thebus bar 5, which causes a problem of low working efficiency, thecorresponding notch 503 or groove avoiding on thebus bar 5 may be started without the elastic part for clamping.

Through the above-mentioned many clusters of one and many clusters of two-in-onebattery module 1's contrast, can find, adopt theplastic support 2 of this embodiment can be compatible different cluster and parallel numbers, and among the prior art, refer to the plastic top cap among the battery module shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, contain the separation blade, the separation blade is located the both sides of busbar and can cause needs two kinds of plastic top caps, when many clusters are many in parallel, need more various plastic top caps, can not compatible different cluster and parallel numbers demand, certainly also can be the plastic top cap of integral type, but the plastic top cap of integral type has limited the length and the cluster and parallel number of module. Different electric quantities and voltage platforms of different vehicles can cause the battery modules to have different lengths and/or different serial-parallel numbers, and the serial-parallel of the battery modules in the prior art can be limited by the structural design of the plastic top cover, so that the different serial-parallel numbers need the plastic top covers with different structures, thereby increasing the design and mould cost and improving the production cost; when theplastic support 2 of the embodiment is adopted, the requirements of different lengths and serial-parallel numbers of thebattery modules 1 can be met, and the production cost is reduced.

The first connectingportion 201 of the present embodiment includes:

second protrusions 205 located at both ends of thefirst body 20101 in the longitudinal direction;

one end of the secondconvex portion 205 in the thickness direction of theunit cell 101 has a firstelastic portion 206, and the other end of the secondconvex portion 205 in the thickness direction of theunit cell 101 has a mountinghole 20501 penetrating through the secondconvex portion 205;

the insulatingcover 7 of thebattery module 1 and theplastic bracket 2 are fixedly assembled in the mountinghole 20501.

As shown in fig. 7, further, a bus bar mounting space is reserved on the firstmain body portion 20101 near the secondconvex portion 205;

thefirst body part 20101 has a secondelastic part 207 engaged with the firstelastic part 206, and both sides of thebus bar 5 in the width direction are respectively fixed by the firstelastic part 206 and the secondelastic part 207 in a snap-fit manner.

In order to be able to cooperate with thebus bar 5 to achieve the fixed mounting of thebus bar 5, theplastic bracket 2 of the present embodiment is provided with second protrudingportions 205 at the end portions of the two ends of the first connectingportion 201, the second protrudingportions 205 have firstelastic portions 206, meanwhile, the firstmain body portion 20101 on the side cooperating with the firstelastic portions 206 is provided with secondelastic portions 207, the space between the firstelastic portions 206 and the secondelastic portions 207 is a bus bar mounting space, and after thebus bar 5 is inserted into the bus bar mounting space, the two sides of thebus bar 5 in the width direction are respectively clamped and fixed by the firstelastic portions 206 and the secondelastic portions 207. The secondelastic part 207 of the present embodiment includes a connectingarm 20701 and a snap-inpart 20702 at the top of the connectingarm 20701 to snap-in thebusbar 5 through the snap-inpart 20702.

In addition, thesecond projection 205 is provided with a mountinghole 20501, and the insulatingcover 7 can be fixed by a fastener.

Referring to fig. 10, the invention also discloses a battery pack, which comprises abox body 6 and abattery module 1 arranged in thebox body 6, wherein theplastic bracket 2 is arranged between adjacentsingle batteries 101 in thebattery module 1.

Specifically, the battery pack of the present embodiment mainly includes acase 6, and the inside of thecase 6 is formed to be hollow as thebattery module 1. When theplastic bracket 2 is provided with the branched air duct, one side of thebox body 6 along the length direction of thebattery module 1 is provided with anair inlet 601, and the other end of thebox body 6 along the length direction is provided with anair outlet 602; the bottom of thebox body 6 is provided with a groove which is configured into anair inlet duct 603 communicated with theair inlet 601; in addition, the upper part of thebox body 6 is formed into anair outlet duct 604 communicated with theair outlet 602; theplastic support 2 is provided with a branch air duct communicated with theair inlet duct 603 and theair outlet duct 604, the branch air duct penetrates through theplastic support 2 along the height direction of thesingle battery 101, and the branch air duct is formed by a channel and two large faces of the adjacentsingle battery 101.

Preferably, thebattery module 1 further includes an insulatingcover plate 7, and the insulatingcover plate 7 is mounted on the top of the first connectingportion 201 and forms an air outlet channel with the first connectingportion 201.

In the above technical scheme, the battery module and the battery pack provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:

according to thebattery module 1, theplastic support 2 is used for replacing the original adhesive tape and the original plastic top cover between two adjacentsingle batteries 101, so that the installation procedures are reduced, and the cost is reduced; thisplastic support 2 novel structure, existing avoidbattery cell 101 bloated function and have the bundle line and/or fix a position fixedbusbar 5 and/or cooling duct multiple functions again, and satisfy the demand of 1 length of different battery modules and cluster parallel number, and the compatibility is strong, has greatly reduced manufacturing cost.

While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The battery module (1) comprises a shell and a plurality of single batteries (101) arranged along the length direction of the shell, and is characterized in that a plastic bracket (2) is arranged between every two adjacent single batteries (101);

the plastic support (2) comprises:

a first connection portion (201) located at the top of the unit cell (101);

a second connection portion (202) located at the bottom of the unit battery (101); and

a third connection portion (203) connected to the first connection portion (201) and the second connection portion (202) and extending in a height direction of the unit battery (101);

the adjacent single batteries (101) are separated through the third connecting portion (203), the middle of the third connecting portion (203) is formed into a first avoidance area (20301) in a hollow mode, and expansion deformation of the single batteries (101) is avoided through the first avoidance area (20301).

2. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the first connection part (201) comprises:

a first main body part (20101) extending in the longitudinal direction of the battery cell (101); and

a first convex part (20102) which is positioned at a position close to the end part of the first main body part (20101) in the length direction and protrudes out of the surface of the first main body part (20101);

the length of the first protrusion (20102) matches the width of the first body portion (20101);

one end of the connection part of the first convex part (20102) and the first main body part (20101) is provided with a binding groove (20103) penetrating through the first convex part (20102).

3. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein the battery module (1) further comprises:

a plurality of busbars (5), the busbars (5) being electrically connected with the corresponding single cells (101); and

the collecting wire harness (3) extends along the length direction of the battery module (1), the collecting wire harness (3) is provided with a plurality of collecting parts (301), and each collecting part (301) is connected with the corresponding busbar (5);

gather pencil (3) arrange in on first convex part (20102), gather pencil (3) through wearing to locate ribbon (4) in bundling groove (20103) with plastic support (2) fixed connection.

4. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the first connecting portion (201) and the second connecting portion (202) are each provided with a channel (204);

the channel (204) of the first connection part (201) is located in the middle; the two channels (204) and the first avoidance area (20301) of the third connecting part (203) form a branch air duct, and the branch air duct is used for heat dissipation and ventilation of the battery module (1).

5. The battery module according to claim 1, further comprising a bus bar (5);

the single battery (101) is provided with two poles;

the first connecting part comprises a first main body part (20101), and a second avoidance area (209) for avoiding the pole is formed at the matching position of the first main body part and the pole;

a positioning part (208) protrudes from the surface of the first main body part (20101);

the busbar (5) is provided with a positioning hole (501), and the busbar (5) is positioned and installed through the positioning part (208) and the positioning hole (501).

6. The battery module according to claim 5, wherein the first connection part (201) further comprises:

second protrusions (205) located at both ends of the first body (201) in the longitudinal direction;

one end of the second convex part (205) along the thickness direction of the single battery (101) is provided with a first elastic part (206), and the other end of the second convex part (205) along the thickness direction of the single battery (101) is provided with a mounting hole (20501) penetrating through the second convex part (205).

7. The battery module according to claim 6, wherein the bus bar mounting space is reserved on the first main body portion (20101) near the second convex portion (205);

the first main body part (20101) is provided with a second elastic part (207) matched with the first elastic part (206), and two sides of the bus bar (5) in the width direction are respectively clamped and fixed through the first elastic part (206) and the second elastic part (207).

8. Battery pack comprising a housing (6) and a battery module (1) mounted in the housing (6), characterized in that a plastic carrier (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is mounted between adjacent battery cells (101) in the battery module (1).

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