CN114905561A - A Bone Cutting Device for Surface Partial Prosthesis Replacement - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明提供一种用于表面部分假体置换的骨切割装置，包括：超声切割件以及覆盖于超声切割件表面且与其旋转连接的支套，使得所述支套轴套于固定在骨软骨缺损处13的刻度导针上，通过滑动所述超声切割件上的滑柄在所述支套上开设的滑槽内滑动而对骨软骨缺损处13进行超声切割；其中，所述超声切割件的切割刀为弧形，使其对同一骨软骨缺损处13进行正、反两次切割的路径构成半球形。优点是：可有效防止切割过程中骨沫、碎屑四处飞溅，避免手术创面污染，改善手术环境。

The present invention provides a bone cutting device for surface partial prosthesis replacement, comprising: an ultrasonic cutting member and a support sleeve covering the surface of the ultrasonic cutting member and rotatably connected with it, so that the support sleeve shaft sleeve is fixed on the osteochondral defect. On the scale guide needle at position 13, ultrasonic cutting is performed on the osteochondral defect position 13 by sliding the sliding handle on the ultrasonic cutting member in the chute provided on the support sleeve; wherein, the ultrasonic cutting member is The cutting knife is arc-shaped, so that the path of forward and reverse cutting the same osteochondral defect 13 forms a hemispherical path. The advantages are: it can effectively prevent bone foam and debris from splashing around during the cutting process, avoid surgical wound contamination, and improve the surgical environment.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种用于表面部分假体置换的骨切割装置A Bone Cutting Device for Surface Partial Prosthesis Replacement

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，具体地说是一种用于表面部分假体置换的骨切割装置。The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a bone cutting device used for surface partial prosthesis replacement.

背景技术Background technique

膝关节局灶性骨软骨损伤是一种常见疾病，其可导致患者膝关节疼痛、活动受限，严重影响患者生活质量。该损伤若处于早期，面积较小，可采取口服非甾体抗炎药、康复锻炼等保守治疗；若保守治疗失败，一般可考虑微骨折、钻孔或骨软骨移植等手术方式。但对于上述保守或非保守方式治疗失败的病灶较大中老年患者，治疗方式有限。近年来出现的部分假体置换可以用于此类关节严重局灶性骨软骨损伤的治疗。Focal osteochondral injury of the knee joint is a common disease, which can lead to knee pain, limited mobility, and seriously affect the quality of life of patients. If the injury is in the early stage and the area is small, conservative treatment such as oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and rehabilitation exercises can be adopted; if the conservative treatment fails, surgical methods such as microfracture, drilling or osteochondral transplantation can generally be considered. However, for middle-aged and elderly patients with large lesions who have failed conservative or non-conservative treatment, the treatment options are limited. Partial prosthetic replacements that have appeared in recent years can be used for the treatment of severe focal osteochondral injuries in such joints.

而对于部分表面假体置换手术，目前植入过程前的骨道处理多使用骨钻。在操作过程中易于发生骨沫、碎屑四处飞溅情况的发生，影响手术操作视野，溅出的碎屑从手术衣反弹进入手术区，易污染手术创面，导致术后关节和切口感染。For partial surface prosthesis replacement surgery, bone drills are currently used for bone tunnel treatment before the implantation process. During the operation, bone foam and debris are prone to splash around, which affects the field of view of the surgical operation. The splashed debris bounces from the surgical gown into the surgical area, which is easy to contaminate the surgical wound and cause postoperative joint and incision infection.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明提供一种用于表面部分假体置换的骨切割装置，使得在切割过程中防止体液、骨屑四处飞溅，且切割效率高，便于满足表面假体的植入环境。The present invention provides a bone cutting device for surface partial prosthesis replacement, which prevents bodily fluids and bone chips from splashing around during the cutting process, has high cutting efficiency, and is convenient for the implantation environment of surface prostheses.

为了实现上述发明目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

一种用于表面部分假体置换的骨切割装置，包括：超声切割件以及覆盖于超声切割件表面且与其旋转连接的支套，使得所述支套轴套于固定在骨软骨缺损处的刻度导针上，通过滑动所述超声切割件上的滑柄在所述支套上开设的滑槽内滑动而对骨软骨缺损处进行超声切割；A bone cutting device for surface partial prosthesis replacement, comprising: an ultrasonic cutting member and a support sleeve covering the surface of the ultrasonic cutting member and rotatably connected with it, so that the support sleeve is sleeved on a scale fixed at the osteochondral defect On the guide needle, ultrasonic cutting is performed on the osteochondral defect by sliding the sliding handle on the ultrasonic cutting member in the sliding groove provided on the support sleeve;

其中，所述超声切割件的切割刀为弧形，使其对同一顾软骨缺损处进行正、反两次切割的路径构成半球形。Wherein, the cutting blade of the ultrasonic cutting element is arc-shaped, so that the path of forward and reverse cutting the same cartilage defect is formed into a hemisphere.

优选地，所述超声切割件还包括连接杆、以及通过连接管与滑柄连接的骨刀动力系统，通过所述骨刀动力系统控制所述切割刀工作；Preferably, the ultrasonic cutting element further comprises a connecting rod and a bone knife power system connected with the sliding handle through a connecting pipe, and the cutting knife is controlled to work by the bone knife power system;

其中，所述连接杆、所述滑柄、所述连接管、所述骨道动力系统均位于所述支套外，且所述连接杆背离所述滑柄的一端延伸至所述滑槽内与之对应的切割刀连接。Wherein, the connecting rod, the sliding handle, the connecting tube, and the bone tunnel power system are all located outside the support sleeve, and the end of the connecting rod facing away from the sliding handle extends into the chute Connect with the corresponding cutting knife.

优选地，所述切割刀与所述支套的轮廓相同，且所述切割刀上背离所述滑槽的一侧设有刃口，所述连接杆位于背离所述刃口一侧的所述切割刀上。Preferably, the contour of the cutting knife and the support sleeve is the same, and a cutting edge is provided on the side of the cutting knife away from the chute, and the connecting rod is located on the side away from the cutting edge. on the cutting knife.

优选地，所述切割刀上设有刃口的一端开设有至少两个对称设置的弧形口、以及至少一条加强肋，且相邻所述弧形口通过所述加强肋连接。Preferably, at least two symmetrically arranged arc-shaped openings and at least one reinforcing rib are formed at the end of the cutting knife on which the cutting edge is provided, and the adjacent arc-shaped openings are connected by the reinforcing rib.

优选地，所述切割刀上背离所述刃口的一端设有一条形缝，且所述条形缝的开设轨迹与所述滑槽的轨迹相同，使得所述条形缝的顶点用于刻度导针穿过。Preferably, a strip-shaped slit is provided on the end of the cutting knife away from the cutting edge, and the opening trajectory of the strip-shaped slit is the same as that of the chute, so that the apex of the strip-shaped slit is used for scale The needle passes through.

优选地，所述切割刀的轮廓为空心的半球形，且所述刃口的周长为该半球形的一半。Preferably, the contour of the cutting blade is a hollow hemisphere, and the circumference of the cutting edge is half of the hemisphere.

优选地，所述超声切割件与所述支套通过连接件进行旋转连接，所述旋转件包括带螺帽的连接轴以及适配套设于所述连接轴上的螺片，使得所述连接轴的插入端依次穿过所述支套、所述超声切割件后通过所述螺片锁紧。Preferably, the ultrasonic cutting member and the support sleeve are rotatably connected through a connecting member, and the rotating member includes a connecting shaft with a nut and a screw plate adapted to be fitted on the connecting shaft, so that the connection is The insertion end of the shaft passes through the support sleeve and the ultrasonic cutting piece in sequence and is locked by the screw.

优选地，所述连接杆的宽度与所述滑槽的宽度适配，通过所述连接杆在所述滑柄的推动下沿所述滑槽的轨迹滑动，以使所述刃口滑出或滑进所述支套。Preferably, the width of the connecting rod is adapted to the width of the sliding groove, and the connecting rod slides along the track of the sliding groove under the push of the sliding handle, so that the cutting edge slides out or Slide into the holder.

优选地，所述切割刀上的条形缝与所述支套上的一滑槽对应设置。Preferably, the strip slit on the cutting knife is arranged corresponding to a chute on the support sleeve.

本发明的一种用于表面部分假体置换的骨切割装置，其优点是：本发明设计的装置使得空心的圆球形切割刀在滑柄的引导下伸入关节腔内的细微处进行有针对性地切割，使得定制化部分的表面假体移植条件更成熟；另外，本发明支套的结构设计，可有效防止切割过程中骨沫、碎屑四处飞溅，避免污染手术创面，改善手术环境。A bone cutting device for surface partial prosthesis replacement of the present invention has the advantages that: the device designed by the present invention enables the hollow spherical cutting knife to protrude into the fine part of the joint cavity under the guidance of the sliding handle to carry out targeted In addition, the structural design of the support sleeve of the present invention can effectively prevent bone foam and debris from splashing around during the cutting process, avoid contamination of the surgical wound, and improve the surgical environment.

附图说明Description of drawings

附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分一起用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中：The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification to explain the present invention, and not to limit the present invention. In the attached image:

图1为本发明一种用于表面部分假体置换的骨切割装置的结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bone cutting device for surface partial prosthesis replacement according to the present invention;

图2为支套的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the structural representation of support sleeve;

图3为超声切割件的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is the structural representation of ultrasonic cutting part;

图4为一表面骨软骨缺损处的示意图；Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of a surface osteochondral defect;

超声切割件1、支套2、刻度导针3、滑柄4、滑槽5、连接杆6、连接管7、骨刀动力系统8、切割刀9、弧形口10、加强肋11、条形缝12、骨软骨缺损处13。Ultrasonic cutting part 1,support sleeve 2,scale guide pin 3, slidinghandle 4,chute 5, connectingrod 6, connectingtube 7, boneknife power system 8,cutting knife 9,arc opening 10, reinforcingribs 11, strips Shapeseam 12,osteochondral defect 13.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行说明，应当理解，此处所描述的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

根据图1-4所示，本发明提供一种操作方便、快速有效的用于表面部分假体置换的骨切割装置，具体超声切割件1以及覆盖于超声切割件1表面且与其旋转连接的支套2，使得所述支套2轴套于固定在骨软骨缺损处13的刻度导针3上，通过滑动所述超声切割件1上的滑柄4在所述支套2上开设的滑槽5内滑动而对骨软骨缺损处13进行超声切割；该实施例中，刻度导针3是通过其它辅助工具植入骨软骨缺损处13中央，为后续使用本发明装置进行骨切割定位用；而所述超声切割件1的工作原理是将交流电信号转化为超声信号，通过超声换能器引导而产生振动以对骨软骨缺损处13进行切割操作。1-4 , the present invention provides a bone cutting device for surface partial prosthesis replacement that is easy to operate, fast and effective, specifically an ultrasonic cutting member 1 and a support that covers the surface of the ultrasonic cutting member 1 and is rotatably connected to it.Sleeve 2, so that thesupport sleeve 2 is sleeved on thescale guide pin 3 fixed at theosteochondral defect 13, and the chute opened on thesupport sleeve 2 by sliding thesliding handle 4 on the ultrasonic cutting member 1 Sliding in 5 to carry out ultrasonic cutting at theosteochondral defect 13; in this embodiment, thescale guide pin 3 is implanted in the center of theosteochondral defect 13 through other auxiliary tools, for the subsequent use of the device of the present invention for bone cutting and positioning; and The working principle of the ultrasonic cutting element 1 is to convert alternating current signals into ultrasonic signals, and generate vibrations guided by an ultrasonic transducer to cut theosteochondral defect 13 .

其中，为使切割快速完成、同时提高患者术中体验，所述超声切割件1的切割刀9为弧形，使其对同一骨软骨缺损处13进行正、反两次切割的路径构成半球形，使用该发明结构进行切割的面相较其它切割方式更能保证切割面的平滑度。Wherein, in order to quickly complete the cutting and improve the patient’s intraoperative experience, thecutting blade 9 of the ultrasonic cutting element 1 is arc-shaped, so that the path of forward and reverse cutting the sameosteochondral defect 13 forms a hemispherical path. , compared with other cutting methods, the cutting surface using the structure of the invention can ensure the smoothness of the cutting surface.

该实施例中，所述支套2为聚乙烯材质，可设计为半透明状态，其直径可为1cm、1.5cm、2cm、2.5cm，具体根据需要选择设定。而所述滑槽5沿其轨迹的弧度为90°，优选地，所述滑槽5靠近所述支套2顶点一端与所述支套2中心构成的直线同所述支套2的纵向直径之间的夹角为5°、所述滑套远离所述支套2顶点一端与所述支套2中心构成的直线同所述支套2的纵向直径之间的夹角为95°。In this embodiment, thesupport sleeve 2 is made of polyethylene, which can be designed to be translucent, and its diameter can be 1 cm, 1.5 cm, 2 cm, or 2.5 cm, which can be selected and set according to needs. The arc of thechute 5 along its trajectory is 90°. Preferably, the straight line formed by the end of thechute 5 near the vertex of thesupport sleeve 2 and the center of thesupport sleeve 2 is the same as the longitudinal diameter of thesupport sleeve 2 The included angle between them is 5°, and the included angle between the straight line formed by the end of the sliding sleeve away from the vertex of thesupport sleeve 2 and the center of thesupport sleeve 2 and the longitudinal diameter of thesupport sleeve 2 is 95°.

在具体实施例中，所述超声切割件1还包括连接杆6、以及通过连接管7与滑柄4连接的骨刀动力系统8，通过所述骨刀动力系统8控制切割刀9工作；其中，所述连接杆6、所述滑柄4、所述连接管7、所述骨刀动力系统8均位于所述支套2外，且所述连接杆6背离所述滑柄4的一端延伸至所述滑槽5内与之对应的切割刀9连接。该实施例中，通过开启所述骨刀动力系统8，将其上的交流电信号转化为超声信号，而滑柄4内设有超声换能器，使得所述滑柄4既具有推动作用，又具有连接作用，同时内部还装有超声换能器，以将超声信号传递给切割刀9，在该实施例中，所述滑柄4与所述连接杆6连接的一体结构的工作原理以及角色就相当于现有技术中超声骨刀中的手柄，通过手柄向切割骨刀提供动能进行超声振动。In a specific embodiment, the ultrasonic cutting member 1 further includes a connectingrod 6 and a boneknife power system 8 connected with thesliding handle 4 through a connectingpipe 7, and the boneknife power system 8 controls the operation of thecutting knife 9; wherein , the connectingrod 6 , thesliding handle 4 , the connectingpipe 7 , and the boneknife power system 8 are all located outside thesupport sleeve 2 , and the end of the connectingrod 6 away from thesliding handle 4 extends It is connected to thecorresponding cutting blade 9 in thechute 5 . In this embodiment, by turning on theosteotome power system 8, the alternating current signal on it is converted into an ultrasonic signal, and thesliding handle 4 is provided with an ultrasonic transducer, so that thesliding handle 4 has a pushing effect, It also has a connecting function, and is also equipped with an ultrasonic transducer inside to transmit ultrasonic signals to thecutting blade 9. In this embodiment, the working principle of the integrated structure in which thesliding handle 4 is connected with the connectingrod 6 and the The role is equivalent to the handle in the ultrasonic osteotome in the prior art, and the handle provides kinetic energy to the osteotome to perform ultrasonic vibration.

本发明中所述的骨刀动力系统8的结构可市售获得，因此不做详细赘述；连接管7内至少有一根电源线，用于提供动、至少一根出雾管用于骨切割过程中喷射而清洗切割处。The structure of the boneknife power system 8 described in the present invention is commercially available, so it will not be described in detail; there is at least one power cord in the connectingpipe 7, which is used to provide power and at least one mist outlet pipe for the bone cutting process. Spray to clean the cut.

为结构美观，同时便于操作且不伤害骨软骨缺损处13，所述切割刀9与所述支套2的轮廓相同，且所述切割刀9上背离所述滑槽5的一侧设有刃口，所述连接杆6位于背离所述刃口一侧的所述切割刀9上。该实施例中所述的刃口即为用于对骨软骨缺损处13进行振动切割的切割边。In order to be beautiful in structure, easy to operate and not damage theosteochondral defect 13, the profile of thecutting knife 9 is the same as that of thesupport sleeve 2, and the side of thecutting knife 9 away from thechute 5 is provided with a blade The connectingrod 6 is located on thecutting blade 9 on the side facing away from the cutting edge. The cutting edge described in this embodiment is the cutting edge used to vibrate theosteochondral defect 13 .

在具体实施例中，为减轻对骨软骨缺损处13的压力，同时降低成本且便于推动所述滑柄4操作，所述切割刀9上设有刃口的一端开设有至少两个对称设置的弧形口10、以及至少一条加强肋11，且相邻所述弧形口10通过所述加强肋11连接；所述加强肋11的材质与所述切割刀9其它部分材质相同。In a specific embodiment, in order to reduce the pressure on theosteochondral defect 13, reduce the cost and facilitate the operation of pushing thesliding handle 4, the end of thecutting knife 9 with the cutting edge is provided with at least two symmetrically arranged The arc-shaped opening 10 and at least one reinforcingrib 11 are connected with the adjacent arc-shaped openings 10 through the reinforcingrib 11 ; the material of the reinforcingrib 11 is the same as that of the other parts of thecutting blade 9 .

而为了在使用本发明装置过程中，使其始终围绕既定骨软骨缺损处13中心切割，从而提高切割准确度，所述切割刀9上背离所述刃口的一端设有一条形缝12，且所述条形缝12的开设轨迹与所述滑槽5的轨迹相同，使得所述条形缝12的顶点用于刻度导针3穿过，当所述滑柄4滑动过程中，所述支套2由于刻度导针3的作用始终进行定位，不会发生移位。而所述切割刀9上的条形缝12与所述支套2上的一滑槽5对应设置，当所述滑柄4运动至刻度导针3一侧时不会与刻度导针3相撞。In order to make it always cut around the center of the predeterminedosteochondral defect 13 during the process of using the device of the present invention, thereby improving the cutting accuracy, the end of thecutting blade 9 away from the cutting edge is provided with aslit 12, and The opening trajectory of thestrip slit 12 is the same as the trajectory of thechute 5, so that the vertex of thestrip slit 12 is used for theguide needle 3 to pass through. When thesliding handle 4 slides, the support Due to the function of thescale guide needle 3, thesleeve 2 is always positioned and will not be displaced. Thestrip slit 12 on thecutting knife 9 is correspondingly arranged with asliding groove 5 on thesupport sleeve 2 . When thesliding handle 4 moves to the side of thescale guide needle 3 , it will not be in contact with thescale guide needle 3 . Collide.

在进一步的实施例中，为保持切割效率，所述切割刀9的轮廓为空心的半球形，且所述刃口的周长为该半球形的一半；In a further embodiment, in order to maintain the cutting efficiency, the outline of thecutting blade 9 is a hollow hemisphere, and the circumference of the cutting edge is half of the hemisphere;

所述超声切割件1与所述支套2通过旋转件13进行旋转连接，所述旋转件13包括带螺帽的连接轴以及适配套设于所述连接轴上的螺片，使得所述连接轴的插入端依次穿过所述支套2、所述超声切割件1后通过所述螺片锁紧，而该实施例中，所述连接轴、所述螺片的材质均为软性材质设置，例如橡胶。The ultrasonic cutting member 1 and thesupport sleeve 2 are rotatably connected through a rotatingmember 13, and the rotatingmember 13 includes a connecting shaft with a nut and a screw plate that is adapted to be fitted on the connecting shaft, so that the The insertion end of the connecting shaft passes through thesupport sleeve 2 and the ultrasonic cutting member 1 in turn and is then locked by the screw piece. In this embodiment, the materials of the connecting shaft and the screw piece are both soft Material settings, such as rubber.

在具体实施例中，所述连接杆6的宽度与所述滑槽5的宽度适配，通过所述连接杆6在所述滑柄4的推动下沿所述滑槽5的轨迹滑动，以使所述刃口滑出或滑进所述支套2。In a specific embodiment, the width of the connectingrod 6 is adapted to the width of thesliding groove 5 , and the connectingrod 6 slides along the trajectory of thesliding groove 5 under the push of thesliding handle 4 to The cutting edge is slid out or into thesupport 2 .

本发明是这样实现的：The present invention is realized in this way:

在前期计算好需要使用的部分表面假体的型号(具体为直径)；然后选择好适配的本发明装置；Calculate the model (specifically the diameter) of the partial surface prosthesis to be used in the early stage; then select the suitable device of the present invention;

将支套2放置于骨软骨缺损处13的同时，使得刻度导针3穿过所述条形缝12，此时，所述支套2覆盖的圆周略大于骨软骨缺损处13；再一边按压住支撑杆用于牢牢固定本发明装置，避免本发明装置在后续操作过程中挪动而影响切割，另一边启动主机及超声换能器开关，刀刃在电能的作用下开始振动；While placing thesupport sleeve 2 at theosteochondral defect 13, make thescale guide needle 3 pass through thestrip slit 12, at this time, the circumference covered by thesupport sleeve 2 is slightly larger than theosteochondral defect 13; Pressing the support rod is used to firmly fix the device of the present invention to avoid the device of the present invention moving during the subsequent operation and affecting the cutting. On the other side, the switch of the host and the ultrasonic transducer is activated, and the blade starts to vibrate under the action of electric energy;

同时，术者推动所述滑柄4使其从半球体的5°处移动至95°处，此时边完成本发明装置对骨软骨缺损处13一半的切割动作，然后选择本发明装置支套旋转180°后重复上述动作以对骨软骨缺损处13另一半进行切割，继而完成骨软骨缺损处13的切割，该切割方式速度快的同时，避免切割过程中的液体、骨屑四处飞溅；At the same time, the operator pushes the slidinghandle 4 to move it from 5° of the hemisphere to 95°. At this time, the device of the present invention cuts half of theosteochondral defect 13, and then selects the support of the device of the present invention. After rotating 180°, the above-mentioned actions are repeated to cut the other half of theosteochondral defect 13, and then the cutting of theosteochondral defect 13 is completed. While the cutting speed is fast, the liquid and bone chips in the cutting process are avoided from splashing around;

另外，采用超声波振动的切割方式，增加了切割取骨的效率，同时，切割的形状也满足自主设计的表面部分假体的植入环境情况，同时方便更换所述切割刀9与所述支撑套。In addition, the cutting method of ultrasonic vibration increases the efficiency of cutting and taking out bone. At the same time, the shape of the cutting also meets the implantation environment of the self-designed surface part prosthesis, and at the same time, it is convenient to replace the cuttingknife 9 and the support sleeve. .

本发明中未明确说明的原理、结构、过程等均为本领域技术人员经过常规技术手段可获得的。The principles, structures, processes, etc. that are not explicitly described in the present invention can be obtained by those skilled in the art through conventional technical means.

显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, provided that these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (9)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种用于表面部分假体置换的骨切割装置，其特征在于：包括超声切割件(1)以及覆盖于超声切割件(1)表面且与其旋转连接的支套(2)，使得所述支套(2)轴套于固定在骨软骨缺损处(13)的刻度导针(3)上，通过滑动所述超声切割件(1)上的滑柄(4)在所述支套(2)上开设的滑槽(5)内滑动而对骨软骨缺损处(13)进行超声切割；1. A bone cutting device for surface partial prosthesis replacement, characterized in that it comprises an ultrasonic cutting member (1) and a support sleeve (2) that is covered on the surface of the ultrasonic cutting member (1) and is rotatably connected with it, so that the The support sleeve (2) is sleeved on the scale guide pin (3) fixed at the osteochondral defect (13), and the support sleeve (4) is placed on the support sleeve (4) by sliding the sliding handle (4) on the ultrasonic cutting member (1). 2) sliding in the chute (5) opened on the upper part to carry out ultrasonic cutting to the osteochondral defect (13);其中，所述超声切割件(1)的切割刀(9)为弧形，使其对同一骨软骨缺损处(13)进行正、反两次切割的路径构成半球形。Wherein, the cutting blade (9) of the ultrasonic cutting element (1) is arc-shaped, so that the path of forward and reverse cutting on the same osteochondral defect (13) forms a hemisphere.2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于表面部分假体置换的骨切割装置，其特征在于：所述超声切割件(1)还包括连接杆(6)、以及通过连接管(7)与滑柄(4)连接的骨刀动力系统(8)，通过所述骨刀动力系统(8)控制所述切割刀(9)工作；2. A bone cutting device for partial surface prosthesis replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ultrasonic cutting member (1) further comprises a connecting rod (6) and a connecting pipe (7) The bone knife power system (8) connected with the sliding handle (4) controls the operation of the cutting knife (9) through the bone knife power system (8);其中，所述连接杆(6)、所述滑柄(4)、所述连接管(7)、所述骨道动力系统均位于所述支套(2)外，且所述连接杆(6)背离所述滑柄(4)的一端延伸至所述滑槽(5)内与之对应的切割刀(9)连接。Wherein, the connecting rod (6), the sliding handle (4), the connecting pipe (7), and the bone tunnel power system are all located outside the support sleeve (2), and the connecting rod (6) ) at one end away from the sliding handle (4) extends into the sliding groove (5) to connect with the corresponding cutting knife (9).3.根据权利要求2所述的一种用于表面部分假体置换的骨切割装置，其特征在于：所述切割刀(9)与所述支套(2)的轮廓相同，且所述切割刀(9)上背离所述滑槽(5)的一侧设有刃口，所述连接杆(6)位于背离所述刃口一侧的所述切割刀(9)上。3. A bone cutting device for partial surface prosthesis replacement according to claim 2, characterized in that: the cutting knife (9) has the same contour as the support (2), and the cutting A cutting edge is provided on the side of the knife (9) facing away from the chute (5), and the connecting rod (6) is located on the cutting knife (9) on the side facing away from the cutting edge.4.根据权利要求3所述的一种用于表面部分假体置换的骨切割装置，其特征在于：所述切割刀(9)上设有刃口的一端开设有至少两个对称设置的弧形口(10)、以及至少一条加强肋(11)，且相邻所述弧形口(10)通过所述加强肋(11)连接。4. A bone cutting device for surface partial prosthesis replacement according to claim 3, characterized in that: at least two symmetrically arranged arcs are opened on the end of the cutting knife (9) with a cutting edge A shaped opening (10) and at least one reinforcing rib (11), and the adjacent arc-shaped openings (10) are connected by the reinforcing rib (11).5.根据权利要求3所述的一种用于表面部分假体置换的骨切割装置，其特征在于：所述切割刀(9)上背离所述刃口的一端设有一条形缝(12)，且所述条形缝(12)的开设轨迹与所述滑槽(5)的轨迹相同，使得所述条形缝(12)的顶点用于刻度导针(3)穿过。5. A bone cutting device for partial surface prosthesis replacement according to claim 3, characterized in that: a slit (12) is provided on the end of the cutting knife (9) away from the cutting edge , and the opening trajectory of the strip slit (12) is the same as the trajectory of the chute (5), so that the apex of the strip slit (12) is used for the graduation guide needle (3) to pass through.6.根据权利要求3所述的一种用于表面部分假体置换的骨切割装置，其特征在于：所述切割刀(9)的轮廓为空心的半球形，且所述刃口的周长为该半球形的一半。6. A bone cutting device for partial surface prosthesis replacement according to claim 3, characterized in that: the contour of the cutting knife (9) is a hollow hemisphere, and the circumference of the cutting edge is is half of the hemisphere.7.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于表面部分假体置换的骨切割装置，其特征在于：所述超声切割件(1)与所述支套(2)通过连接件进行旋转连接，所述旋转件包括带螺帽的连接轴以及适配套设于所述连接轴上的螺片，使得所述连接轴的插入端依次穿过所述支套(2)、所述超声切割件(1)后通过所述螺片锁紧。7. A bone cutting device for partial surface prosthesis replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ultrasonic cutting member (1) and the support sleeve (2) are rotatably connected through a connecting member, The rotating member includes a connecting shaft with a nut and a screw plate that is adapted to be fitted on the connecting shaft, so that the insertion end of the connecting shaft passes through the support sleeve (2) and the ultrasonic cutting member in sequence. (1) Afterwards, it is locked by the screw.8.根据权利要求3所述的一种用于表面部分假体置换的骨切割装置，其特征在于：所述连接杆(6)的宽度与所述滑槽(5)的宽度适配，通过所述连接杆(6)在所述滑柄(4)的推动下沿所述滑槽(5)的轨迹滑动，以使所述刃口滑出或滑进所述支套(2)。8. A bone cutting device for partial surface prosthesis replacement according to claim 3, characterized in that: the width of the connecting rod (6) is adapted to the width of the sliding groove (5), through The connecting rod (6) slides along the track of the sliding groove (5) under the push of the sliding handle (4), so that the cutting edge slides out or slides into the support sleeve (2).9.根据权利要求5所述的一种用于表面部分假体置换的骨切割装置，其特征在于：所述切割刀(9)上的条形缝(12)与所述支套(2)上的一滑槽(5)对应设置。9. A bone cutting device for partial surface prosthesis replacement according to claim 5, characterized in that: the strip-shaped slit (12) on the cutting knife (9) and the support sleeve (2) A chute (5) on the top is correspondingly arranged.

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