Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a multidirectional impact stuck-relieving method for well logging and a power well diameter instrument thereof, which can effectively reduce the loss of operation time caused by eccentric clamping stagnation and improve the working efficiency.
The technical scheme is that in order to achieve the purpose, the multi-directional impact unclamping method for well logging and the power well diameter instrument thereof adopt the power well diameter instrument to log, and specifically comprise the following steps:
Step I, performing primary impact, namely driving a buffer system to move forwards through a screw rod by a motor, driving an energy storage mechanism to store energy continuously by a hanging tooth unlocking system, unlocking the hanging tooth unlocking system after the buffer system moves for a distance, and instantly releasing the energy storage mechanism to drive an impact arm to perform primary impact on a well wall;
Step II, performing secondary impact, namely driving a buffer system, a hanging tooth unlocking system and an indexing mechanism to reversely axially move through a screw rod by a motor, hanging teeth, storing energy in a forward rotation way after hanging the teeth, recovering an impact arm for the primary impact through a resetting system, enabling an impact block to be clockwise positioned through the indexing mechanism after storing energy to a certain distance, aligning the impact arm for the next group, and repeating the step I after indexing is completed, so as to complete the secondary impact;
step III, performing multiple impact, namely repeating the step II for multiple times until the unlocking operation is completed;
and IV, stopping impacting, and performing transposition according to the step II.
The instrument string comprises an instrument string body, wherein the instrument string body comprises a cylindrical shell, a motor is arranged inside the shell, the motor is axially fixed along the shell through a first inner supporting piece, an output shaft of the motor is connected with a screw rod in a transmission mode, the screw rod is axially arranged along the shell, the screw rod is fixed on the first inner supporting piece through a first fixing block, an axial hole for the screw rod to penetrate through is formed in the first fixing block, the screw rod and the axial hole are in fit relative rotation through a bearing, a first moving block is arranged at the tail end of the screw rod in a threaded fit mode, a plurality of first limiting blocks are arranged on the outer side face of the first moving block, first axial grooves for the first limiting blocks to slide are correspondingly formed in the first inner supporting piece, the first moving block is connected with a buffer system in a threaded fit mode, the buffer system is sleeved on a central shaft, the central shaft is arranged along the central axis of the shell, and the central shaft is fixed at the lower end of the first inner supporting piece.
Further, the upper end of the screw rod is supported on the upper end face of the first fixed block through a nut, the screw rod is provided with a nut in a threaded fit manner, and the nut is screwed on the lower end face of the first fixed block; the anti-drag structure comprises an upper gasket and a lower gasket, and a roller set is arranged between the upper gasket and the lower gasket, wherein the roller set comprises a plurality of cylindrical rollers, and the rollers are arranged around the screw rod;
The first inner support piece is fixedly provided with a first moving block locking device, the first moving block locking device comprises a slide way fixedly arranged on the first inner support piece, a slide bar is arranged in the slide way in a sliding manner, the slide bar axially moves along the screw rod, the lower end of the slide bar is fixed on the first moving block, and when the slide bar is completely inserted into the slide way, the slide bar is fixed with the lower port of the slide way through threaded fit;
The speed reduction buffer structure is arranged on one side of the first moving block and comprises an upper speed reduction part and a lower speed reduction part, the upper speed reduction part is arranged at the starting end of the moving stroke of the first moving block, and the lower speed reduction part is arranged at the end of the moving stroke of the first moving block.
Further, the buffer system comprises a first transmission rod which is fixed on the first moving block through threaded connection, an extrusion sleeve is arranged at the lower end of the first transmission rod, and the outer wall of the extrusion sleeve is attached to the inner wall of the shell in a sliding manner; the pressing sleeve pushes the upper buffer piece, the lower end of the upper buffer piece is supported on a disc part at the bottom end of the pressing block, and the outer wall of the disc part is attached to the inner wall of the pressing sleeve in a sliding manner;
The pressing block pushes the lower buffer piece, the lower end of the lower buffer piece is supported on the clamping block, the clamping block is fixed on the inner wall of the extrusion sleeve through threaded connection, the lower buffer piece is sleeved on the outer side of the top end of the second transmission rod, the second transmission rod is fixed below the pressing block, the second transmission rod is sleeved on the central shaft, and a through hole for the second transmission rod to pass through is formed in the clamping block.
Further, the hanging tooth unlocking system comprises a rotating tooth structure and a hanging tooth structure, wherein the rotating tooth structure comprises a multi-stage shaft sleeve fixed on the second transmission rod, the multi-stage shaft sleeve is connected with a rotating tooth through a torsion spring, the torsion spring and the rotating tooth are sleeved on the multi-stage shaft sleeve, the rotating tooth is axially fixed relative to the multi-stage shaft sleeve, and the rotating tooth is rotationally arranged relative to the multi-stage shaft sleeve;
The rotating teeth comprise rotating seats sleeved on the multi-stage shaft sleeve and a plurality of teeth arranged around the rotating seats, and the teeth are used for hanging the hanging tooth structure;
An unlocking block is arranged on the outer side wall of the rotating seat, the upper end face of the unlocking block moves along the lower end face of the unlocking driving block, the contact surfaces of the unlocking block and the unlocking driving block are cambered surfaces which are upwards inclined anticlockwise, the unlocking driving block is fixed on a second inner supporting piece, and the second inner supporting piece is fixedly arranged relative to the shell;
The upper end face of the tooth is a plane, and the lower end face of the tooth is a cambered surface which is inclined upwards clockwise.
The gear hanging structure comprises a plurality of gear hanging arms arranged corresponding to the gear, wherein the tail ends of the gear hanging arms are provided with cylindrical protruding blocks, the protruding blocks are used for hooking the gear, the gear hanging arms are fixed on a mounting shaft sleeve, the mounting shaft sleeve is sleeved on the top end of a movable shaft sleeve, the mounting shaft sleeve is fixed relative to the movable shaft sleeve, the movable shaft sleeve is sleeved on the second transmission rod, the lower end of the mounting shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with an indexing mechanism, the lower end of the indexing mechanism is provided with an impact block, the impact block is used for triggering the impact system, the indexing mechanism is sleeved on the movable shaft sleeve, the mounting shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with an energy storage mechanism, and the energy storage mechanism is sleeved on the outer side of the indexing mechanism;
The hanging arm is arranged in a sliding mode along a second axial groove, the second axial groove is arranged along the central shaft in the axial direction, and the second axial groove is formed in the second inner supporting piece.
Further, the indexing mechanism comprises an upper indexing shaft sleeve, a lower indexing shaft sleeve and a plurality of indexing stop pins, wherein the upper indexing shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with the mounting shaft sleeve, a plurality of third axial grooves are formed in the upper indexing shaft sleeve corresponding to the plurality of indexing stop pins, the indexing stop pins slide in the third axial grooves, the indexing stop pins are fixed on a second fixed block, and the second fixed block is fixed relative to the shell;
The contact ends of the upper indexing shaft sleeve and the lower indexing shaft sleeve are all provided with a plurality of indexing surfaces in a surrounding mode, the indexing surfaces are cambered surfaces which are inclined upwards clockwise, and the lower port of the upper indexing shaft sleeve is just meshed with the lower indexing shaft sleeve;
further, the energy storage mechanism comprises an energy storage pull rod fixed on the installation shaft sleeve, the energy storage pull rod axially moves along the central shaft, the bottom end of the energy storage pull rod is a disc-shaped supporting block, and an energy storage spring is arranged between the supporting block and the second fixed block.
Further, the impact system comprises a plurality of impact arms, the impact arms are arranged in a multi-way mode around the outer wall of the shell, the shell is provided with a containing groove for containing the impact arms, the movable end of each impact arm is arranged corresponding to an outlet for the impact of the impact block, the other end of each impact arm is hinged to the reset system, each impact arm comprises two sections hinged to each other, and a roller is arranged at the hinged position.
Further, the reset system comprises a plurality of reset units corresponding to the impact arms, the shells of the reset units are fixed on the shell through pins, reset springs are arranged in the shells of the reset units, the upper ends of the reset springs are connected with push rods, and the movable ends of the push rods are hinged to the lower ends of the impact arms.
The multi-directional impact unclamping method for logging and the power borehole diameter instrument thereof have the beneficial effects that the impact arms are supported on the borehole wall in a multi-directional manner, so that the whole instrument string is subjected to central measurement work, the loss of operation time caused by eccentricity can be effectively reduced, the working efficiency is improved, and the impact arms are impacted on the borehole wall for multiple times in a multi-directional manner through the linkage cooperation of the power part, the buffer part, the hanging tooth unlocking part, the transposition part, the energy storage part, the impact part and the reset part, so that the unclamping effect is achieved, the loss of operation time caused by clamping stagnation can be effectively reduced, and the working efficiency is further improved.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The multi-directional impact unclamping method for well logging and the power well diameter instrument thereof are described in the accompanying figures 1-13, and the power well diameter instrument is adopted for well logging, and specifically comprise the following steps:
Step I, performing primary impact, namely firstly, driving a buffer system 10 to move forwards through a screw rod 4 by a motor 3, and simultaneously driving an energy storage mechanism 30 to continuously store energy by a hanging tooth unlocking system 19, wherein after the buffer system 10 moves for a certain distance, the hanging tooth unlocking system 19 is unlocked, and the energy storage mechanism 30 is instantly released to drive an impact arm 29-1 to perform primary impact on a well wall;
Step II, performing secondary impact, namely firstly, driving a buffer system 10, a hanging tooth unlocking system 19 and an indexing mechanism 27 to reversely axially move by a motor 3 through a screw rod 4, hanging teeth, then forwardly rotating to store energy, recovering an impact arm 29-1 for the primary impact through a reset system 36, after storing energy to a certain distance, enabling an impact block 28 to clockwise rotate through the indexing mechanism 27 to align with the next group of impact arms 29-1, and repeating the step I after completing the indexing to complete the secondary impact;
step III, performing multiple impact, namely repeating the step II for multiple times until the unlocking operation is completed;
and IV, stopping impacting, and performing transposition according to the step II.
The instrument string comprises an instrument string body 1, wherein the instrument string body 1 comprises a cylindrical shell 2, hanging buckles 2-1 are arranged at two ends of the shell 2 and used for being externally connected with other logging equipment, a motor 3 is arranged in the shell 2, the motor 3 is axially fixed along the shell 2 through a first inner supporting piece 6, an output shaft of the motor 3 is connected with a screw rod 4 in a transmission manner, the screw rod 4 is axially arranged along the shell 2, the screw rod 4 is fixed on the first inner supporting piece 6 through a first fixed block 5, an axial hole for the screw rod 4 to pass through is formed in the first fixed block 5, the screw rod 4 and the axial hole are matched and relatively rotate, a first moving block 7 is arranged at the tail end of the screw rod 4 through threaded fit, a plurality of first limiting blocks 8 are arranged on the outer side surface of the first moving block 7, a first axial groove 9 for the first limiting blocks 8 to slide is correspondingly arranged on the first inner supporting piece 6, the first moving block 7 is connected with a buffer system 10 through threaded fit, a central shaft 11 is sleeved on the buffer system 10, and the central shaft 11 is fixed in the shell 11 along the central shaft 11;
The screw rod is prevented from moving axially through the first fixed block, stable transmission is guaranteed, the first limiting block is matched with the first axial groove to limit the rotation freedom degree of the first movable block, on the basis, rotation power provided by the electrode is converted into axial power through threaded matching of the first movable block and the screw rod so as to meet the driving requirement of an instrument string, the central shaft is fixed at the lower end of the first inner support piece and serves as a guiding foundation for movement of each part, mutual matching among the parts is facilitated, and the structure is compact and reasonable.
The upper end of the screw rod 4 is supported on the upper end face of the first fixed block 5 through a nut, a nut is arranged on the screw rod 4 in a threaded fit manner, the nut is screwed on the lower end face of the first fixed block 5, a resistance reducing structure 12 is arranged between the first fixed block 5 and the nut and between the first fixed block 5 and the nut, the resistance reducing structure 12 comprises an upper gasket 12-1 and a lower gasket 12-2, a roller group 12-3 is arranged between the upper gasket 12-1 and the lower gasket 12-2, the roller group 12-3 comprises a plurality of cylindrical rollers 12-4, and the rollers 12-4 are arranged around the screw rod 4;
The sliding friction between the fixed block and the screw rod and the nut is converted into rolling friction through the drag reduction structure, so that the energy loss is effectively reduced, and the transmission efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 4, a first moving block locking device 13 is fixedly arranged on the first inner support member 6, the first moving block locking device 13 comprises a slide way 13-1 fixedly arranged on the first inner support member 6, a sliding rod 13-2 is slidably arranged in the slide way 13-1, the sliding rod 13-2 axially moves along the screw rod 4, the lower end of the sliding rod 13-2 is fixed on the first moving block 7, and when the sliding rod 13-2 is completely inserted into the slide way 13-1, the sliding rod 13-2 and the lower port of the slide way 13-1 are fixed through threaded fit;
Through setting up first movable block locking device, as a means of instrument protection, during transportation and when not using, can be through the device with first movable block fixed, prevent unnecessary wearing and tearing and collide with, effectual life who improves the instrument has practiced thrift the cost
The first moving block 7 is provided with a deceleration buffer structure 14 on one side, the deceleration buffer structure 14 comprises an upper deceleration part 14-1 and a lower deceleration part 14-2, the upper deceleration part 14-1 is arranged at the starting end of the moving stroke of the first moving block 7, the lower deceleration part 14-2 is arranged at the final end of the moving stroke of the first moving block 7, and the first moving block is effectively decelerated at the starting end and the final end of the moving stroke through the deceleration buffer structure, so that collision caused by inertia is prevented.
The buffer system 10 comprises a first transmission rod 15 which is fixed on the first movable block 7 through threaded connection, wherein an extrusion sleeve 16 is arranged at the lower end of the first transmission rod 15, the outer wall of the extrusion sleeve 16 is attached to the inner wall of the shell 2 in a sliding manner, the extrusion sleeve 16 pushes an upper buffer piece 10-1, the lower end of the upper buffer piece 10-1 is supported on a disc part 17-1 at the bottom end of a pressing block 17, the outer wall of the disc part 17-1 is attached to the inner wall of the extrusion sleeve 16 in a sliding manner, the upper buffer piece 10-1 is sleeved on the outer side of a columnar part 17-2 above the disc part 17-1, and the pressing block 17 is sleeved on the central shaft 11;
the pressing block 17 pushes the lower buffer member 10-2, the lower end of the lower buffer member 10-2 is supported on the clamping block 16-1, the clamping block 16-1 is fixed on the inner wall of the extrusion sleeve 16 through threaded connection, the lower buffer member 10-2 is sleeved on the outer side of the top end of the second transmission rod 18, the second transmission rod 18 is fixed below the pressing block 17, and the second transmission rod 18 is sleeved on the central shaft 11, and a through hole for the second transmission rod 18 to pass through is formed in the clamping block 16-1;
The upper buffer part 10-1 and the lower buffer part 10-2 are formed by overlapping two pairs of horn-shaped annular elastic rings, and the upper buffer part and the lower buffer part are arranged, so that the buffer effect is better, the upper buffer part and the lower buffer part are separated from each other, and layered multistage drag reduction can be realized.
The hanging tooth unlocking system 19 comprises a rotating tooth structure 20 and a hanging tooth structure 21, the rotating tooth structure 20 comprises a multi-stage shaft sleeve 22 fixed on the second transmission rod 18, the multi-stage shaft sleeve 22 is connected with a rotating tooth 24 through a torsion spring 23, the torsion spring 23 and the rotating tooth are sleeved on the multi-stage shaft sleeve 22, the rotating tooth 24 is axially fixed relative to the multi-stage shaft sleeve 22, the rotating tooth 24 is rotatably arranged relative to the multi-stage shaft sleeve 22, and the purpose is that the rotating tooth is pushed to rotate and misplacement by the hanging tooth structure through the arrangement of the torsion spring, so that the rotating tooth can quickly return to just hook the hanging tooth structure after the hanging tooth structure passes through, and the hanging tooth effect is achieved.
The rotating teeth 24 comprise a rotating seat 24-1 sleeved on the multi-stage shaft sleeve 22 and a plurality of teeth 24-2 arranged around the rotating seat 24-1, and the teeth 24-2 are used for hanging the hanging tooth structure 21;
An unlocking block 37 is arranged on the outer side wall of the rotating seat 24-1, the upper end surface of the unlocking block 37 moves along the lower end surface of an unlocking driving block 38, the contact surfaces of the unlocking block 37 and the unlocking driving block 38 are all cambered surfaces which are inclined upwards anticlockwise, the unlocking driving block 38 is fixed on a second inner supporting piece 32, and the second inner supporting piece 32 is fixedly arranged relative to the shell 2;
Through the cambered surface that anticlockwise slope upwards, can change the axial removal of commentaries on classics tooth structure into the rotation of commentaries on classics tooth to make tooth and hanging tooth structure dislocation, reach the effect of unblock.
The upper end face of the tooth 24-2 is a plane, which is favorable for better hooking the tooth hanging structure, and is not blocked when the tooth hanging structure is unlocked, the lower end face of the tooth 24-2 is a cambered surface which is inclined upwards clockwise, so that the thrust exerted on the cambered surface by the tooth hanging structure 21 is conveniently converted into thrust for driving the rotating tooth to rotate when the tooth is hung, the rotating tooth is rotated and misplaced, and the effect of hanging the tooth is finally achieved.
The hanging tooth structure 21 comprises a plurality of hanging arms 21-1 arranged corresponding to the teeth 24-2, cylindrical protruding blocks 21-2 are arranged at the tail ends of the hanging arms 21-1, the protruding blocks 21-2 are used for hooking the teeth 24-2, the hanging arms 21-1 are fixed on a mounting shaft sleeve 25, the mounting shaft sleeve 25 is sleeved on the top end of a movable shaft sleeve 26, the mounting shaft sleeve 25 is fixed relative to the movable shaft sleeve 26, the movable shaft sleeve 26 is sleeved on the second transmission rod 18, the lower end of the mounting shaft sleeve 25 is fixedly connected with an indexing mechanism 27, the lower end of the indexing mechanism 27 is provided with a striking block 28, the striking block 28 is used for triggering the impact system 29, the indexing mechanism 27 is sleeved on the movable shaft sleeve 26, the mounting shaft sleeve 25 is fixedly connected with an energy storage mechanism 30, and the energy storage mechanism 30 is sleeved on the outer side of the indexing mechanism 27;
The cylindrical protruding blocks are smoother in the tooth hanging process; the device has the advantages that the shaft sleeve is arranged to serve as a transmission part, the indexing mechanism and the energy storage mechanism can synchronously act along with the hanging tooth unlocking system, and the device is particularly characterized in that energy can be continuously stored in the unlocking process, the unlocking completion release energy is known, the impact force can be maximized, after one impact is completed, the indexing mechanism completes indexing in the next impact energy storage process, the working time of all parts is reasonably overlapped, the working efficiency is effectively improved, the energy storage mechanism and the indexing mechanism are overlapped and sleeved, and complementary interference is realized, so that the device is compact in structure, the length of an instrument string is shortened, and the defect of rigidity reduction caused by overlong is avoided.
The hanging arm 21-1 is slidably disposed along the second axial groove 31, the second axial groove 31 is axially disposed along the central shaft 11, the second axial groove 31 is disposed on the second inner support member 32, and the hanging tooth structure can only move along the axial direction due to the limitation of the hanging arm and the second axial groove, so that the situation that the rotating tooth structure and the hanging tooth structure rotate relatively to each other and the hanging tooth cannot be completed is avoided.
The indexing mechanism 27 comprises an upper indexing shaft sleeve 27-1, a lower indexing shaft sleeve 27-2 and a plurality of indexing stop pins 27-3, the upper indexing shaft sleeve 27-1 is fixedly connected with the mounting shaft sleeve 25, a plurality of third axial grooves 27-4 are formed in the upper indexing shaft sleeve 27-1 corresponding to the plurality of indexing stop pins 27-3, the indexing stop pins 27-3 slide in the third axial grooves 27-4, the indexing stop pins 27-3 are fixed on a second fixed block 33, the second fixed block 33 is fixed relative to the housing 2, and a spring is arranged between the lower end of the lower indexing shaft sleeve 27-2 and the lower end of the movable shaft sleeve 26;
The contact ends of the upper indexing shaft sleeve 27-1 and the lower indexing shaft sleeve 27-2 are all provided with a plurality of indexing surfaces 27-5 in a surrounding manner, the indexing surfaces 27-5 are cambered surfaces which are inclined upwards clockwise, and the lower port of the upper indexing shaft sleeve 27-1 is just meshed with the lower indexing shaft sleeve 27-2;
In the second impact energy storage process, the upper indexing shaft sleeve is driven by the mounting shaft sleeve to move along the axial direction, the lower indexing shaft sleeve is also driven by the mounting shaft sleeve to move along the axial positive rotating shaft, the lower indexing shaft sleeve moves along the axial direction under the action of the spring thrust until the lower indexing shaft sleeve is blocked by the indexing stop pin, the lower indexing shaft sleeve is separated from the upper indexing shaft sleeve, at the moment, the top end of the indexing surface of the lower indexing shaft sleeve is in contact with the indexing stop pin, and the spring has no thrust force because the spring still recovers the restoring length, so that the lower indexing shaft sleeve is pushed by the spring to move upwards continuously, the indexing surface is attached to the indexing stop pin to move, the lower indexing shaft sleeve is enabled to rotate clockwise, and the impact block is aligned to the next impact arm, so that the indexing is realized.
The energy storage mechanism 30 comprises an energy storage pull rod 34 fixed on the mounting shaft sleeve 25, the energy storage pull rod 34 moves axially along the central shaft 11, the bottom end of the energy storage pull rod 34 is a disc-shaped supporting block 34-1, and an energy storage spring is arranged between the supporting block 34-1 and the second fixed block 33;
The mounting shaft sleeve is used for transmitting power to drive the energy storage pull rod to move along the positive rotation shaft, so that the support block is gradually close to the second fixed block, and the energy storage spring is compressed, thereby achieving the energy storage effect.
The impact system 29 comprises a plurality of impact arms 29-1, wherein the impact arms 29-1 are arranged around the outer wall of the shell 2 in a multi-way, the shell 2 is provided with a containing groove 29-2 for containing the impact arms 29-1, the movable end of the impact arms 29-1 is arranged corresponding to an outlet for the impact of the impact block 28, the other end of the impact arms 29-1 is hinged with the reset system 36, the impact arms 29-1 comprise two sections hinged with each other, and the hinge part is provided with rollers 29-3;
The impact arm can be better stored by arranging the accommodating groove, the impact arm can be better protected by fixing the impact arm through the safety pin in the transportation process, the hinged part can be rapidly bent after the movable end is subjected to severe impact, the impact part can be outwards impacted, a better impact effect can be achieved, the roller is arranged, firstly, the roller is made of most rubber, has a certain buffering effect, and is lower in abrasion and replacement cost, secondly, when the impact arm is used as a supporting arm to be supported on a well wall, the movement of an instrument string in the well can be facilitated through the roller.
The reset system 36 comprises a plurality of reset units 36-1 arranged corresponding to the impact arms 29-1, wherein the shell of the reset unit 36-1 is fixed on the shell 2 through pins, a reset spring 36-2 is arranged in the shell of the reset unit 36-1, the upper end of the reset spring 36-2 is connected with a push rod 36-3, and the movable end of the push rod is hinged to the lower end of the impact arm 29-1;
the spring is used as a reset structure and is arranged at the tail end of the instrument string, so that a certain buffer effect is achieved while a reset effect is achieved.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention, and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the invention as set forth above, and are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.