CN114815010A - A lens array and device for 3D levitation imaging - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开了一种用于3D悬浮成像的透镜阵列及其装置，该透镜阵列包括：球面固定板和透镜阵列次单元；球面固定板设有卡槽，透镜阵列次单元通过卡槽固定安装于球面固定板上。该装置包括：图像源、半反半透镜和透镜阵列；图像源用于产生图像光线能量；半反半透镜用于改变图像光线能量分布；透镜阵列用于将半反半透镜反射过来的光线能量按原方向返回；图像源设置于水平面，半反半透镜设置于图像源的上方，与水平面呈45°倾斜设置，透镜阵列设置于图像源和半反半透镜的后方。通过使用本发明，能够提高悬浮成像的分辨率和稳定性且扩大视场角。本发明作为一种用于3D悬浮成像的透镜阵列及其装置，可广泛应用于悬浮成像领域。

The invention discloses a lens array for 3D levitation imaging and a device thereof. The lens array comprises: a spherical fixing plate and a lens array sub-unit; the spherical fixing plate is provided with a slot, and the lens array sub-unit is fixedly installed on the Spherical fixed plate. The device includes: an image source, a half mirror and a lens array; the image source is used to generate image light energy; the half mirror is used to change the image light energy distribution; the lens array is used to reflect the light energy from the half mirror Return in the original direction; the image source is set on the horizontal plane, the semi-reflective semi-mirror is set above the image source, and is set at an inclination of 45° to the horizontal plane, and the lens array is set behind the image source and the semi-reflective semi-mirror. By using the present invention, the resolution and stability of the levitation imaging can be improved and the field of view can be enlarged. As a lens array for 3D levitation imaging and a device thereof, the present invention can be widely used in the field of levitation imaging.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种用于3D悬浮成像的透镜阵列及其装置A lens array and device for 3D levitation imaging

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及悬浮成像领域，尤其涉及一种用于3D悬浮成像的透镜阵列及其装置。The invention relates to the field of levitation imaging, in particular to a lens array and a device thereof for 3D levitation imaging.

背景技术Background technique

悬浮成像或无介质空中成像(显示)系统能提供亦真亦幻的视觉体验，具有广泛的应用前景。新冠疫情形势严峻的背景下，无接触显示的应用需求日益增加，如公共场所的电梯按钮、售票机、柜员机等场合，悬浮成像显示以及无接触空中操控的方式能更有利于保障公众健康，防止病毒传播。而悬浮成像系统则能很好契合这种应用场景。Suspended imaging or medium-free aerial imaging (display) systems can provide both real and phantom visual experience, and have broad application prospects. In the context of the severe situation of the new crown epidemic, the application demand for contactless display is increasing day by day, such as elevator buttons, ticket machines, teller machines in public places, etc., floating imaging display and contactless air control methods can be more conducive to protecting public health and preventing spread of virus. The levitation imaging system can well fit this application scenario.

目前有多种技术方案实现无介质空中悬浮成像。常用的方法是使用雾或水滴作为虚拟屏幕显示悬浮在空中的图像，然而，虚拟屏幕很容易受到气流的影响，浮动图像的质量会恶化。另一种方案是使用大型凸透镜或菲涅耳透镜在空气中漂浮2D/3D图像。然而，浮动图像存在失真、颜色偏差和视角受限等问题。一种方案是使用由多个反射器组成的二面角反射器阵列(DCRA)实现浮动显示，然而，它的视角有限，在浮动图像周围观察到明显的残像。还有一种方案利用商用回复反射器(反光膜/逆光膜)实现无介质空中成像，然而目前市面上销售的回复反射器是针对道路安全设计，其技术指标要求逆反光线具有一定的发散角，因此这导致了使用这些反光膜搭建的悬浮成像系统成像质量模糊，分辨率不高。At present, there are various technical solutions to achieve medium-free aerial levitation imaging. The common method is to use fog or water droplets as a virtual screen to display the floating image in the air. However, the virtual screen is easily affected by the airflow, and the quality of the floating image will deteriorate. Another option is to use large convex or Fresnel lenses to float 2D/3D images in the air. However, floating images suffer from distortion, color deviation, and limited viewing angles. One solution is to use a dihedral corner reflector array (DCRA) consisting of multiple reflectors to achieve a floating display, however, it has a limited viewing angle and significant afterimages are observed around the floating image. There is also a solution that uses commercial retro-reflectors (reflective film/backlight film) to achieve medium-free aerial imaging. However, the retro-reflectors currently available on the market are designed for road safety, and their technical indicators require that the retro-reflector has a certain divergence angle. Therefore, This leads to the blurred image quality and low resolution of the floating imaging system built with these reflective films.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的是提供一种用于3D悬浮成像的透镜阵列及其装置，能够提高悬浮成像的分辨率和稳定性且扩大视场角。In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a lens array for 3D levitation imaging and a device thereof, which can improve the resolution and stability of levitation imaging and enlarge the field of view.

本发明所采用的第一技术方案是：一种用于3D悬浮成像的透镜阵列，包括：球面固定板和透镜阵列次单元；所述球面固定板设有卡槽，所述透镜阵列次单元通过所述卡槽固定安装于所述球面固定板上。The first technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a lens array for 3D floating imaging, comprising: a spherical fixing plate and a lens array sub-unit; the spherical fixing plate is provided with a slot, and the lens array sub-unit passes through The card slot is fixedly mounted on the spherical fixing plate.

进一步，所述透镜阵列次单元包括透镜单元，所述透镜单元包括前表面、后表面和折射墙，所述前表面为透射面，所述后表面为反射面，所述折射墙设于所述前表面和所述后表面之间。Further, the lens array sub-unit includes a lens unit, the lens unit includes a front surface, a rear surface and a refraction wall, the front surface is a transmission surface, the rear surface is a reflection surface, and the refraction wall is arranged on the between the front surface and the rear surface.

进一步，所述前表面和后表面均为球面，所述前表面与后表面共球心。Further, both the front surface and the rear surface are spherical, and the front surface and the rear surface share a spherical center.

进一步，所述前表面的孔径小于后表面的孔径。Further, the pore size of the front surface is smaller than the pore size of the rear surface.

进一步，所述透镜单元的面型精度范围为1～10um，表面精度范围为1～50nm。Further, the surface shape precision of the lens unit ranges from 1 to 10um, and the surface precision ranges from 1 to 50nm.

进一步，所述透镜单元的参数关系式如下：Further, the parameter relationship of the lens unit is as follows:

上式中，D₁为前表面孔径，R₁为前表面半径，R₂为后表面半径，n为折射墙的折射率，k为1至8之间的任意值。In the above formula, D₁ is the front surface aperture, R₁ is the front surface radius, R₂ is the rear surface radius, n is the refractive index of the refraction wall, and k is any value between 1 and 8.

本发明所采用的第二技术方案是：一种用于3D悬浮成像的装置，包括：The second technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a device for 3D levitation imaging, comprising:

图像源、半反半透镜和如上述透镜阵列；Image source, half mirror and lens array as above;

所述图像源用于产生图像光线能量；the image source is used to generate image light energy;

所述半反半透镜用于改变图像光线能量分布；The half mirror is used to change the light energy distribution of the image;

所述透镜阵列用于将半反半透镜反射过来的光线能量按原方向返回；The lens array is used to return the light energy reflected by the half mirror and half mirror in the original direction;

所述图像源设置于水平面，所述半反半透镜设置于图像源的上方，与水平面呈45°倾斜设置，所述透镜阵列设置于所述图像源和所述半反半透镜的后方。The image source is arranged on a horizontal plane, the half mirror is arranged above the image source, and is arranged at an inclination of 45° to the horizontal plane, and the lens array is arranged behind the image source and the half mirror.

进一步，所述透镜阵列的球心设置于观看位置。Further, the spherical center of the lens array is set at the viewing position.

本发明方法及系统的有益效果是：本发明首先通过设计一种用于3D悬浮成像的透镜阵列，该透镜单元的前表面为透射面，该后表面为反射面，实现入射光的原路折返；然后利用卡槽结构，将透镜阵列次单元拼接固定于球面固定板上，降低了加工难度和成本，提高了悬浮成像的稳定性；最后将透镜阵列应用于3D悬浮成像中，并将透镜阵列的球心设置于观看位置，扩大视场角且提高分辨率。The beneficial effects of the method and system of the present invention are: the present invention firstly designs a lens array for 3D levitation imaging, the front surface of the lens unit is a transmission surface, and the rear surface is a reflective surface, so as to realize the return of the incident light. ; Then, using the slot structure, the lens array sub-units are spliced and fixed on the spherical fixing plate, which reduces the processing difficulty and cost, and improves the stability of the levitation imaging; finally, the lens array is applied to the 3D levitation imaging, and the lens array The center of the sphere is set at the viewing position, expanding the field of view and improving the resolution.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明一种用于3D悬浮成像的透镜阵列的结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lens array for 3D levitation imaging of the present invention;

图2是本发明一种用于3D悬浮成像的装置的结构示意图；2 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for 3D levitation imaging according to the present invention;

图3是本发明具体实施例透镜阵列次单元的结构示意图；3 is a schematic structural diagram of a lens array sub-unit according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

图4是本发明具体实施例透镜单元的结构示意图；4 is a schematic structural diagram of a lens unit according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

图5是本发明具体实施例3D悬浮成像装置的结构示意图；5 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D suspension imaging device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

图6是本发明具体实施例3D悬浮成像装置的平面结构示意图；6 is a schematic plan view of a 3D suspension imaging device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

图7是本发明具体实施例透镜单元参数设置示意图；FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of parameter setting of a lens unit according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

图8是本发明具体实施例的透镜阵列与平面型透镜阵列的效果对比图。FIG. 8 is a comparison diagram of the effects of a lens array and a planar lens array according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

附图标记如下：The reference numbers are as follows:

10、图像源；10. Image source;

20、半反半透镜；20. Half mirror half mirror;

30、透镜阵列；31、球面固定板；311、卡槽；32、透镜阵列次单元；33、透镜单元；331、前表面；332、后表面；333、折射墙；30, lens array; 31, spherical fixing plate; 311, card slot; 32, lens array subunit; 33, lens unit; 331, front surface; 332, rear surface; 333, refraction wall;

40、子图像；40. Subimage;

50、平面型透镜阵列。50. Planar lens array.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明。对于以下实施例中的步骤编号，其仅为了便于阐述说明而设置，对步骤之间的顺序不做任何限定，实施例中的各步骤的执行顺序均可根据本领域技术人员的理解来进行适应性调整。The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The numbers of the steps in the following embodiments are only set for the convenience of description, and the sequence between the steps is not limited in any way, and the execution sequence of each step in the embodiments can be adapted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art Sexual adjustment.

参照图1、图3和图4，本发明提供了一种用于3D悬浮成像的透镜阵列，包括：球面固定板31和透镜阵列次单元32；球面固定板31设有卡槽311，透镜阵列次单元32通过卡槽311固定安装于球面固定板31上；透镜阵列次单元32包括透镜单元33，透镜单元33包括前表面331、后表面332和折射墙333，前表面331为透射面，后表面332为反射面，折射墙333设于前表面331和后表面332之间，折射墙333用于改变进入前表面331的光源的方向。1 , 3 and 4, the present invention provides a lens array for 3D floating imaging, including: aspherical fixing plate 31 and alens array sub-unit 32; thespherical fixing plate 31 is provided with aslot 311, and the lens array Thesub-unit 32 is fixedly installed on thespherical fixing plate 31 through thecard slot 311; thelens array sub-unit 32 includes alens unit 33, and thelens unit 33 includes afront surface 331, arear surface 332 and arefraction wall 333. Thefront surface 331 is a transmission surface, and the rear Thesurface 332 is a reflective surface, and arefraction wall 333 is disposed between thefront surface 331 and therear surface 332 , and therefraction wall 333 is used to change the direction of the light source entering thefront surface 331 .

其中，折射墙333可以采用PMMA、亚克力、玻璃和光学环氧树脂能材料，后表面可以进行镀膜呈反射面。Among them, therefraction wall 333 can be made of PMMA, acrylic, glass and optical epoxy resin materials, and the rear surface can be coated to form a reflective surface.

在进行应用时，如图4所示，入射光线从S1处进入，由于前表面331为透射面，所以入射光线的方向不会改变且将入射光线尽可能地打到透镜单元33的后表面332上，然后通过折射墙333改变了入射光线的方向，由于后表面332为反射面，可以将由前表面331折射来的光线实现关于入射光线对称地反射回前表面331处，最后光源从S2处射出。In the application, as shown in FIG. 4 , the incident light enters from S1 . Since thefront surface 331 is a transmission surface, the direction of the incident light will not change and the incident light will hit therear surface 332 of thelens unit 33 as much as possible. Then, the direction of the incident light is changed by therefraction wall 333. Since therear surface 332 is a reflective surface, the light refracted by thefront surface 331 can be symmetrically reflected back to thefront surface 331 with respect to the incident light, and finally the light source is emitted from S2. .

为了降低像差，如图4所示，将前表面331设置为球面，且该前表面331孔径大小的一半位置作为聚焦标准，即入射高度为孔径大小一半的一条平行光线经过该前表面331后将准确地聚焦在透镜阵列30单元后表面332的正中心。In order to reduce the aberration, as shown in FIG. 4 , thefront surface 331 is set as a spherical surface, and the half position of the aperture size of thefront surface 331 is used as the focusing standard, that is, a parallel light whose incident height is half the aperture size passes through thefront surface 331 . The focus will be exactly at the exact center of therear surface 332 of thelens array 30 element.

需要指出的是，前表面331也可以采用非球面或者自由曲面。It should be noted that, thefront surface 331 may also be an aspherical surface or a free-form surface.

为了实现回复反射功能，如图4所示，将后表面332设置成球面，且该后表面332的球心与前表面331的球面的球心重合。In order to realize the retro-reflection function, as shown in FIG. 4 , therear surface 332 is set as a spherical surface, and the spherical center of therear surface 332 coincides with the spherical center of thefront surface 331 .

在进行应用时，由前表面331入射的光线聚焦到后表面332上时，由于该聚焦光线关于球面的法方向对称，因此入射光将经过后表面332对称地反射，使得反射光与原入射光的方向平行反向，实现回复反射功能。During application, when the light incident from thefront surface 331 is focused on theback surface 332, since the focused light is symmetrical about the normal direction of the spherical surface, the incident light will be symmetrically reflected by theback surface 332, so that the reflected light is the same as the original incident light. The directions are parallel and opposite to achieve retro-reflection function.

需要指出的是，后表面332也可以采用非球面或者自由曲面。It should be noted that therear surface 332 may also be an aspherical surface or a free-form surface.

参照图2，一种用于3D悬浮成像的装置，包括图像源10、半反半透镜20和上述透镜阵列30；Referring to FIG. 2 , an apparatus for 3D levitation imaging includes animage source 10 , a semi-reflective semi-mirror 20 and the above-mentionedlens array 30 ;

图像源10用于产生图像光线能量；Theimage source 10 is used to generate image light energy;

半反半透镜20用于改变图像光线能量分布；The halfmirror half mirror 20 is used to change the light energy distribution of the image;

透镜阵列30用于将半反半透镜20反射过来的光线能量按原方向返回；Thelens array 30 is used to return the light energy reflected by the halfmirror half mirror 20 in the original direction;

图像源10设置于水平面，半反半透镜20设置于图像源10的上方，与水平面呈45°倾斜设置，透镜阵列30设置于图像源10和半反半透镜20的后方。Theimage source 10 is arranged on a horizontal plane, thehalf mirror 20 is arranged above theimage source 10 , and is inclined at 45° to the horizontal plane. Thelens array 30 is arranged behind theimage source 10 and thehalf mirror 20 .

在进行应用时，如图5和图6所示，将图像源10放置在水平位置，该图像源10可以由液晶显示屏、LED屏、静态图像或者3D实物组成；半反半透镜20置于图像源10上方，与水平面呈45°倾斜放置，该半反半透镜20对可见光波段实现50％光能反射和50％光能透射；透镜阵列30置于图像源10和半反半透镜20后方；图像源10发出的光线能量一半透过半反半透镜20向上传播，另一半光能反射到透镜阵列30上，经过透镜阵列30后按原方向返回，该光线透过半反半透镜20后将在图像源10关于半反半透镜20对称的空中位置形成子图像40的实像，从而实现悬浮显示效果。During application, as shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, theimage source 10 is placed in a horizontal position, and theimage source 10 can be composed of a liquid crystal display screen, an LED screen, a static image or a 3D object; Above theimage source 10, it is placed at an inclination of 45° to the horizontal plane, and the semi-reflection and semi-mirror 20 realizes 50% light energy reflection and 50% light energy transmission in the visible light band; thelens array 30 is placed behind theimage source 10 and the semi-reflector and semi-mirror 20 ; Half of the light energy emitted by theimage source 10 propagates upward through the half mirror andhalf mirror 20, and the other half of the light energy is reflected on thelens array 30, and returns in the original direction after passing through thelens array 30. After passing through the halfmirror half mirror 20, the light will be Theimage source 10 forms a real image of the sub-image 40 with respect to the symmetric mid-air position of the semi-reflective semi-mirror 20 , so as to achieve a floating display effect.

进一步，为了扩大视场角和降低像差，如图2所示，该透镜阵列30的球心位置位于观看位置处。Further, in order to enlarge the viewing angle and reduce aberration, as shown in FIG. 2 , the position of the spherical center of thelens array 30 is located at the viewing position.

在进行应用时，从图像源10发出的光线，首先经过半反半透镜20的反射，依次打到透镜阵列30上，该光线经过透镜单元33的对称反射后按原方向返回，再经过半反半透镜20后到达成像位置即子图像40处，实现无介质的3D悬浮成像显示；其中，子图像40与图像源10关于半反半透镜20对称。During the application, the light emitted from theimage source 10 is first reflected by the half mirror andhalf mirror 20, and then hits thelens array 30 in turn. After thehalf mirror 20 reaches the imaging position, that is, the sub-image 40 , a 3D floating imaging display without a medium is realized;

为了更好地说明本发明提供的球形透镜阵列30的有益效果，参照图8，将本发明提供的球形透镜阵列30与平面型透镜阵列50进行对比，假设一般平面型透镜阵列50位于半反半透镜20右侧，如此，半反半透镜20和平面型透镜阵列50也可以构成常规的悬浮成像装置。假设从图像源10发出的一束光线a，经过半反半透镜20反射，反射光为a′，反射光a′与球形透镜单元33的光轴平行(夹角趋向于零)；而a′如果直接按原方向继续传播到a″，光线a″与平面型透镜阵列50的光轴之间的夹角则为θ，虽然理论上回复反射器对不同入射角(与光轴的夹角)的光线能实现原路返回，但是按照像差理论，与光轴夹角越大的入射光将产生更大的像差，而像差是导致成像模糊的主要原因。要有效消除离轴像差，增加球形回复反射器(即球形透镜阵列30)的入射角度，必然要增加球形回复反射器的透镜单元33内部的表面数目，无疑会增加加工难度和成本。而从入射光a′和a″所对应的入射光角度可知，球形透镜阵列30比平面型透镜阵列50能更大限度地减少所需要的回复反射光的入射角度，在有效角度中(反射光线进入人眼的部分)，甚至能将入射光的入射角降低至零。因此，该发明的球形透镜阵列30的结构能有效减少透镜单元33的离轴像差带来的图像分辨率下降，提高显示分辨率并降低加工成本和难度。In order to better illustrate the beneficial effects of thespherical lens array 30 provided by the present invention, referring to FIG. 8 , thespherical lens array 30 provided by the present invention is compared with theplanar lens array 50 , assuming that the generallyplanar lens array 50 is located in the semi-reverse half On the right side of thelens 20, in this way, the halfmirror half mirror 20 and theflat lens array 50 can also constitute a conventional floating imaging device. Suppose that a beam of light a emitted from theimage source 10 is reflected by the semi-reflective semi-mirror 20, the reflected light is a', and the reflected light a' is parallel to the optical axis of the spherical lens unit 33 (the included angle tends to zero); and a' If it continues to propagate directly to a" in the original direction, the angle between the light a" and the optical axis of theplanar lens array 50 is θ, although theoretically the retro reflector has different incident angles (angles with the optical axis) However, according to the aberration theory, the incident light with a larger angle to the optical axis will produce a larger aberration, and aberration is the main cause of blurred images. To effectively eliminate off-axis aberration and increase the incident angle of the spherical retroreflector (ie the spherical lens array 30 ), it is necessary to increase the number of surfaces inside thelens unit 33 of the spherical retroreflector, which will undoubtedly increase the difficulty and cost of processing. From the incident light angles corresponding to the incident light a' and a", it can be known that thespherical lens array 30 can reduce the required incident angle of the retro-reflected light to a greater extent than theplane lens array 50. In the effective angle (reflected light The part entering the human eye) can even reduce the incident angle of the incident light to zero. Therefore, the structure of thespherical lens array 30 of the invention can effectively reduce the image resolution reduction caused by the off-axis aberration of thelens unit 33, and improve the Display resolution and reduce processing cost and difficulty.

另外，本发明公开了该球形回复反射器的模拟实验结果，其回复反射光线的发散角小于0.01度，不符合用于道路安全的反光膜标准，但是十分符合3D悬浮成像系统应用；实验证明，该球形回复反射器的工作角度达到60度以上，成像点像差在250um以下，能实现大视场角和高分辨率的悬浮成像显示效果。In addition, the present invention discloses the simulation experiment result of the spherical retro-reflector, the divergence angle of the retro-reflected light is less than 0.01 degree, which does not meet the standard of reflective film for road safety, but is very suitable for the application of 3D suspension imaging system; The spherical retro-reflector has a working angle of more than 60 degrees and an imaging point aberration of less than 250um, which can achieve a large field of view and a high-resolution floating imaging display effect.

本发明还公开了该透镜阵列30的制作方法，该透镜阵列30的制作可以采用一次成型的注塑工艺或者次单元平板透镜阵列30拼接的工艺实现。The present invention also discloses a manufacturing method of thelens array 30 , and the manufacture of thelens array 30 can be realized by a one-shot injection molding process or a splicing process of the sub-unitflat lens array 30 .

采用一次成型注塑工艺的透镜阵列30是通过超精密CNC技术进行制作，首先根据透镜单元33参数关系式确定透镜单元33参数并制作透镜单元33，然后每个透镜单元33的光轴共同指向人眼观看位置，形成圆形透镜阵列30的整体结构，最后通过一次成型的方式加工出该透镜阵列30，利用光学塑料注塑成型的工艺形成一个整体的光学器件；由于该透镜阵列30的功能主要用于成像，因此每个透镜单元33的面型精度须达到1～10um，表面精度需达到50纳米以下；对于一次成型的注塑工艺而言，加工的精度要求非常高，因此成本很难控制。Thelens array 30 using the one-shot injection molding process is manufactured by ultra-precision CNC technology. First, the parameters of thelens unit 33 are determined according to the parameter relationship of thelens unit 33 and thelens unit 33 is manufactured, and then the optical axis of eachlens unit 33 points to the human eye. At the viewing position, the overall structure of thecircular lens array 30 is formed, and finally thelens array 30 is processed by one-time molding, and an integral optical device is formed by the optical plastic injection molding process; because the function of thelens array 30 is mainly used for For imaging, the surface precision of eachlens unit 33 must reach 1-10um, and the surface precision must reach below 50 nanometers; for the one-shot injection molding process, the processing precision is very high, so the cost is difficult to control.

如图1、图3和图7所示，以次单元平板透镜阵列30拼接的制作方法如下：As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 3 and FIG. 7 , the manufacturing method of splicing with the sub-unitflat lens array 30 is as follows:

首先，根据透镜单元33参数关系式确定透镜单元33参数并制作透镜单元33，其次，在一块平面上集成若干透镜单元33，形成一块面积较小的透镜阵列次单元32，然后根据人眼位置为球心，加工一块用于固定每个透镜阵列次单元32的球面固定板31，球面固定板31可以用金属或塑料材料制备，主要对透镜阵列次单元32起支撑和固定作用，使得每一个透镜阵列次单元32的中心光轴指向人眼所在位置，最后按图3所示的方式依次排满平面透镜阵列次单元32。这种制备方法要求每一个透镜阵列次单元32的长宽尺寸较小，应控制在透镜阵列次单元32的长度/宽度对球心所张的角度应小于1-3度，此时透镜阵列次单元32上的各个透镜单元33的光轴可以近似看做指向球心。Firstly, the parameters of thelens unit 33 are determined according to the parameter relationship of thelens unit 33 and thelens unit 33 is fabricated. Secondly,several lens units 33 are integrated on a plane to form a lens array sub-unit 32 with a smaller area, and then according to the position of the human eye as The center of the sphere is to process aspherical fixing plate 31 for fixing eachlens array sub-unit 32. Thespherical fixing plate 31 can be made of metal or plastic material, and mainly supports and fixes the lens array sub-unit 32, so that each lens The central optical axis of the array sub-unit 32 points to the position of the human eye, and finally the planelens array sub-units 32 are sequentially filled in the manner shown in FIG. 3 . This preparation method requires that the length and width of each lens array sub-unit 32 are small, and the angle between the length/width of the lens array sub-unit 32 to the center of the sphere should be controlled to be less than 1-3 degrees. The optical axis of eachlens unit 33 on theunit 32 can be approximately regarded as pointing to the center of the sphere.

透镜单元33各个参数关系设置如图7所示，透镜单元33的参数关系式如下：The parameter relationship of thelens unit 33 is set as shown in FIG. 7 , and the parameter relationship of thelens unit 33 is as follows:

上式中，D₁为前表面331孔径，R₁为前表面331半径，R₂为后表面332半径，n为折射墙333的折射率，k为1至8之间的任意值。In the above formula, D₁ is the aperture of thefront surface 331 , R₁ is the radius of thefront surface 331 , R₂ is the radius of therear surface 332 , n is the refractive index of therefraction wall 333 , and k is any value between 1 and 8.

其中，D₁的取值约在50um-500um之间，D₂可以选取为D₁的1.5-3倍，透镜单元33参数关系式可以通过适当选取的方式确定各个参数。Among them, the value of D₁ is about 50um-500um, D₂ can be selected to be 1.5-3 times of D₁ , and the parameter relationship of thelens unit 33 can be appropriately selected to determine each parameter.

以上是对本发明的较佳实施进行了具体说明，但本发明创造并不限于所述实施例，熟悉本领域的技术人员在不违背本发明精神的前提下还可做作出种种的等同变形或替换，这些等同的变形或替换均包含在本申请权利要求所限定的范围内。The above is a specific description of the preferred implementation of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various equivalent deformations or replacements without departing from the spirit of the present invention. , these equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims (8)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种用于3D悬浮成像的透镜阵列，其特征在于，包括：球面固定板和透镜阵列次单元；所述球面固定板设有卡槽，所述透镜阵列次单元通过所述卡槽固定安装于所述球面固定板上。1. A lens array for 3D levitation imaging, characterized in that it comprises: a spherical fixing plate and a lens array subunit; the spherical fixing plate is provided with a slot, and the lens array subunit is fixed by the slot installed on the spherical fixing plate.2.根据权利要求1所述一种用于3D悬浮成像的透镜阵列，其特征在于，所述透镜阵列次单元包括透镜单元，所述透镜单元包括前表面、后表面和折射墙，所述前表面为透射面，所述后表面为反射面，所述折射墙设于所述前表面和所述后表面之间。2 . The lens array for 3D levitation imaging according to claim 1 , wherein the lens array sub-unit comprises a lens unit, and the lens unit comprises a front surface, a back surface and a refraction wall, and the front The surface is a transmissive surface, the rear surface is a reflective surface, and the refraction wall is arranged between the front surface and the rear surface.3.根据权利要求2所述一种用于3D悬浮成像的透镜阵列，其特征在于，所述前表面和后表面均为球面，所述前表面与后表面共球心。3 . The lens array for 3D levitation imaging according to claim 2 , wherein the front surface and the rear surface are both spherical surfaces, and the front surface and the rear surface share a spherical center. 4 .4.根据权利要求3所述一种用于3D悬浮成像的透镜阵列，其特征在于，所述前表面的孔径小于后表面的孔径。4 . The lens array for 3D levitation imaging according to claim 3 , wherein the aperture of the front surface is smaller than the aperture of the rear surface. 5 .5.根据权利要求2所述一种用于3D悬浮成像的透镜阵列，其特征在于，所述透镜单元的面型精度范围为1～10um，表面精度范围为1～50nm。5 . The lens array for 3D levitation imaging according to claim 2 , wherein the surface shape precision of the lens unit ranges from 1 to 10 μm, and the surface precision ranges from 1 to 50 nm. 6 .6.根据权利要求2所述一种用于3D悬浮成像的透镜阵列，其特征在于，所述透镜单元的参数关系式如下：6. The lens array for 3D levitation imaging according to claim 2, wherein the parameter relationship of the lens unit is as follows:

上式中，D₁为前表面孔径，R₁为前表面半径，R₂为后表面半径，n为折射墙的折射率，k为1至8之间的任意值。In the above formula, D₁ is the front surface aperture, R₁ is the front surface radius, R₂ is the rear surface radius, n is the refractive index of the refraction wall, and k is any value between 1 and 8.7.一种用于3D悬浮成像的装置，其特征在于，包括：7. A device for 3D levitation imaging, comprising:图像源、半反半透镜和如权利要求1至6项中任意一项所述透镜阵列；an image source, a half mirror and a lens array according to any one of claims 1 to 6;所述图像源用于产生图像光线能量；the image source is used to generate image light energy;所述半反半透镜用于改变图像光线能量分布；The half mirror is used to change the light energy distribution of the image;所述透镜阵列用于将半反半透镜反射过来的光线能量按原方向返回；The lens array is used to return the light energy reflected by the half mirror and half mirror in the original direction;所述图像源设置于水平面，所述半反半透镜设置于图像源的上方，与水平面呈45°倾斜设置，所述透镜阵列设置于所述图像源和所述半反半透镜的后方。The image source is arranged on a horizontal plane, the half mirror is arranged above the image source, and is arranged at an inclination of 45° to the horizontal plane, and the lens array is arranged behind the image source and the half mirror.8.根据权利要求7所述一种用于3D悬浮成像的装置，其特征在于，所述透镜阵列的球心设置于观看位置。8 . The device for 3D levitation imaging according to claim 7 , wherein the spherical center of the lens array is set at the viewing position. 9 .

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