CN114804781B - Durable PHC tubular pile concrete and PHC tubular pile - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the field of tubular piles, and particularly discloses durable PHC tubular pile concrete and a PHC tubular pile. The durable PHC tubular pile concrete comprises the following components: 340-470 parts of cement, 30-50 parts of waterproof particles, 780-1300 parts of aggregate, 25-60 parts of mineral powder, 25-60 parts of fly ash, 3-5 parts of a water reducing agent and 68-94 parts of water; the waterproof particles comprise (by weight ratio) 1 (2-5): (15-22) VAE emulsion, acrylic emulsion, stone powder; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing waterproof particles, premixing and mixing; the preparation method of the PHC tubular pile prepared by the durable PHC tubular pile concrete comprises the following steps: cleaning a mould, spraying a release agent, manufacturing a reinforcement cage framework and a pipe pile joint, filling the mould, grouting, closing the mould, tensioning, centrifuging, autoclaving, maintaining and removing the mould. The PHC tubular pile of this application need not additionally to spray epoxy waterproof coating also can possess good waterproof performance, has simplified tubular pile production processes.

Description

Translated fromChinese

耐久型PHC管桩混凝土及PHC管桩Durable PHC pipe pile concrete and PHC pipe pile

技术领域technical field

本申请涉及管桩领域，更具体地说，它涉及耐久型PHC管桩混凝土及PHC管桩。The application relates to the field of pipe piles, more specifically, it relates to durable PHC pipe pile concrete and PHC pipe piles.

背景技术Background technique

预应力高强度混凝土管桩，又称PHC管桩，具有强度高、造价低、施工快捷等优点，主要用作地基材料来提高地基的承载能力和建筑物的稳定性，广泛应用于码头、港口、大跨度桥梁的等多种工程中。Prestressed high-strength concrete pipe piles, also known as PHC pipe piles, have the advantages of high strength, low cost, and quick construction. They are mainly used as foundation materials to improve the bearing capacity of foundations and the stability of buildings. They are widely used in docks and ports. , Long-span bridges and other projects.

由于PHC管桩应用场景的多样性，部分PHC管桩处于潮湿环境，在长期使用过程中，PHC管桩会因水分渗透逐渐出现裂纹等现象，从而会导致PHC管桩的强度下降，最终影响PHC管桩的正常使用。即，PHC管桩的防水性差会导致PHC管桩的耐久性差。为了提高PHC管桩在潮湿环境中的耐久性，现有技术采取在PHC管桩的外侧壁喷涂防水层的方式，从而提高PHC管桩的防水性能。Due to the diversity of PHC pipe pile application scenarios, some PHC pipe piles are in a humid environment. During long-term use, PHC pipe piles will gradually appear cracks due to water penetration, which will lead to a decrease in the strength of PHC pipe piles and eventually affect PHC pipe piles. Normal use of piles. That is, the poor waterproofness of the PHC pipe pile leads to poor durability of the PHC pipe pile. In order to improve the durability of the PHC pipe pile in a humid environment, the prior art adopts a method of spraying a waterproof layer on the outer wall of the PHC pipe pile, thereby improving the waterproof performance of the PHC pipe pile.

针对上述中的相关技术，发明人认为在PHC管桩外侧壁喷涂防水层的方式不仅多增加了一部工序，增加了能源的消耗，而且还增加了人力资源的消耗，从而增加了生产成本地投入。In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventor believes that the method of spraying the waterproof layer on the outer wall of the PHC pipe pile not only adds an additional process, increases the consumption of energy, but also increases the consumption of human resources, thereby increasing the production cost. put in.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为了降低能耗，减少人力消耗，降低生产成本，本申请提供耐久型PHC管桩混凝土及PHC管桩。In order to reduce energy consumption, reduce manpower consumption, and reduce production costs, the application provides durable PHC pipe pile concrete and PHC pipe piles.

本申请提供的耐久型PHC管桩混凝土及PHC管桩采用如下的技术方案：The durable PHC pipe pile concrete and PHC pipe pile provided by this application adopt the following technical scheme:

第一方面，本申请提供一种耐久型PHC管桩混凝土，采用如下的技术方案：In the first aspect, the application provides a durable PHC pipe pile concrete, which adopts the following technical scheme:

耐久型PHC管桩混凝土，按重量份数，包括有以下组分：水泥340～470份，防水颗粒30～50份，骨料780～1300份，矿粉25～60份，粉煤灰25～60份，减水剂3～5份，水68～94份；Durable PHC pipe pile concrete includes the following components in parts by weight: 340-470 parts of cement, 30-50 parts of waterproof particles, 780-1300 parts of aggregate, 25-60 parts of mineral powder, and 25-50 parts of fly ash 60 parts, 3-5 parts of water reducer, 68-94 parts of water;

所述防水颗粒包括重量比为1：(2～5)：(15～22)的VAE乳液、丙烯酸乳液、石粉。The waterproof particles include VAE emulsion, acrylic emulsion and stone powder with a weight ratio of 1:(2-5):(15-22).

实验结果显示，通过采用上述技术方案制得的管桩具备优秀的防水效果，从而使得PHC管桩具有优良的耐久性。Experimental results show that the pipe piles prepared by adopting the above technical scheme have excellent waterproof effect, so that the PHC pipe piles have excellent durability.

结合对管桩横断面的组分分布，分析本申请具备优良防水性能的原因在于，在离心过程中，防水颗粒在离心力的作用下向外层迁移，使得防水颗粒更多分布于靠近管桩外壁处，相当于离心过程中在靠近管桩外壁处形成了防水层，从而使得本申请具备优秀的防水效果。Combined with the component distribution of the cross-section of the pipe pile, the reason why this application has excellent waterproof performance is that during the centrifugation process, the waterproof particles migrate to the outer layer under the action of centrifugal force, so that more waterproof particles are distributed near the outer wall of the pipe pile. , which is equivalent to forming a waterproof layer near the outer wall of the pipe pile during the centrifugation process, so that this application has an excellent waterproof effect.

可选的，所述石粉为天青石粉、重晶石粉、玄武岩粉、辉绿岩粉中的一种或多种，且石粉的粒径为15～36μm。Optionally, the stone powder is one or more of lapis lazuli powder, barite powder, basalt powder, and diabase powder, and the particle size of the stone powder is 15-36 μm.

上述种类的石粉密度大，粒径较小，能够使防水颗粒在离心过程中顺利分层在混凝土的最外层，而且，能够在混凝土最外层形成孔隙较小的密实的防水层，以提高防水性。再者，实验结果显示，采用上述种类的石粉，制得的管桩的力学性能均能满足使用要求，这说明，上述种类的石粉均不会对耐久型PHC管桩混凝土的力学等性能产生不利影响。The above-mentioned types of stone powder have a high density and a small particle size, which can make the waterproof particles smoothly layered on the outermost layer of the concrete during the centrifugation process, and can form a dense waterproof layer with smaller pores on the outermost layer of the concrete to improve water resistance. Furthermore, the experimental results show that the mechanical properties of the pipe piles prepared by using the above-mentioned types of stone powder can meet the requirements of use, which shows that the above-mentioned types of stone powder will not be harmful to the mechanical properties of the durable PHC pipe pile concrete. Influence.

可选的，所述VAE乳液的粘度为500～4000mPa·s，pH值为3～7，固含量为55～57％；丙烯酸乳液的粘度为400～3000mPa·s，pH值为7～9，固含量为49％～51％。Optionally, the viscosity of the VAE emulsion is 500-4000mPa·s, the pH value is 3-7, and the solid content is 55-57%; the viscosity of the acrylic emulsion is 400-3000mPa·s, the pH value is 7-9, The solid content is 49% to 51%.

通过采用上述技术方案，上述VAE乳液、丙烯酸乳液的粘度、pH值以及固含量适中，不仅有利于保障管桩的防水性以及力学性能，而且施工时的可操作性较佳。By adopting the above technical solution, the viscosity, pH value and solid content of the above-mentioned VAE emulsion and acrylic emulsion are moderate, which not only helps to ensure the waterproofness and mechanical properties of the pipe pile, but also has better operability during construction.

可选的，所述防水颗粒还包括重量占比为2～4份的聚丙烯酰胺。Optionally, the waterproof particles further include 2-4 parts by weight of polyacrylamide.

实验结果显示，在防水颗粒中加入聚丙烯酰胺，能够使得防水颗粒在管桩的外层的分布更加均匀，从而进一步提高了管桩的防水性能。The experimental results show that adding polyacrylamide to the waterproof particles can make the distribution of the waterproof particles more uniform on the outer layer of the pipe pile, thereby further improving the waterproof performance of the pipe pile.

可选的，所述防水颗粒的VAE乳液、丙烯酸乳液、石粉、聚丙烯酰胺的重量比为1：3：18：3。Optionally, the weight ratio of VAE emulsion, acrylic emulsion, stone powder and polyacrylamide of the waterproof particles is 1:3:18:3.

实验结果显示，通过采用上述技术方案，所制得的耐久型PHC管桩混凝土的防水性能最佳。Experimental results show that by adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the waterproof performance of the durable PHC pipe pile concrete prepared is the best.

可选的，所述的耐久型PHC管桩混凝土的制备方法，包括以下步骤：Optionally, the preparation method of the durable PHC pipe pile concrete comprises the following steps:

制备防水颗粒：将丙烯酸乳液、VAE乳液、石粉均匀混合，获得防水颗粒；Preparation of waterproof particles: uniformly mix acrylic emulsion, VAE emulsion, and stone powder to obtain waterproof particles;

预拌合：将水泥、骨料、矿粉、粉煤灰、减水剂、水搅拌混合，直至混合均匀，得到混凝土预拌混合物；Pre-mixing: mixing cement, aggregate, mineral powder, fly ash, water reducer, and water until the mixture is evenly mixed to obtain a ready-mixed concrete mixture;

拌合：将防水颗粒加入混凝土预拌混合物中，搅拌混合，得到耐久型PHC管桩混凝土。Mixing: Add waterproof particles into the concrete ready-mixed mixture, stir and mix to obtain durable PHC pipe pile concrete.

通过采用上述技术方案，首先获得均匀的防水颗粒，以及混凝土预拌混合物，再利用防水颗粒提高混凝土预拌混合物的防水性，从而获得耐久型PHC管桩混凝土，而且，该制备方法操作简单，实用性强。By adopting the above technical scheme, first obtain uniform waterproof particles and ready-mixed concrete mixture, and then use waterproof particles to improve the waterproofness of the ready-mixed concrete mixture, thereby obtaining durable PHC pipe pile concrete, and the preparation method is simple and practical Strong.

第二方面，本申请提供一种上述耐久型PHC管桩混凝土制得的PHC管桩。In a second aspect, the present application provides a PHC pipe pile made of the above-mentioned durable PHC pipe pile concrete.

通过采用上述技术方案，制得的PHC管桩具有高抗压强度以及高防水性能。By adopting the above technical scheme, the prepared PHC pipe pile has high compressive strength and high waterproof performance.

第三方面，本申请提供一种上述管桩的制备方法，包括有离心步骤，所述离心处理包括如下阶段：In a third aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing the above pipe pile, including a centrifugation step, and the centrifugation treatment includes the following stages:

低速阶段：53～63r/min的转速离心2～3min；Low-speed stage: Centrifuge at a speed of 53-63r/min for 2-3 minutes;

低中速阶段：105～126r/min的转速离心1.5～2min；Low and medium speed stage: centrifuge at 105~126r/min for 1.5~2min;

中速阶段：240～330r/min的转速离心2～4min；Medium-speed stage: centrifuge at 240-330r/min for 2-4min;

高速阶段：420～480r/min的转速离心5～8min。High-speed stage: centrifuge at 420-480r/min for 5-8min.

通过采用上述离心转速和离心时间，使得防水颗粒能够更加快速、顺利地扩散至管桩的最外层，而且防水颗粒能够分布得更加均匀，从而管桩具有更好的防水性能。同时，由于管桩模具在合模时部分耐久型PHC管桩混凝土被压得过紧，必须经低速阶段使其松懈，以避免管桩成型后出现“蜂窝”现象，另外，离心时的混凝土坍落度出现损失，甚至是出现“假凝”现象，低速阶段能使其恢复至原有坍落度；低中速阶段是为了使混凝土均匀分布于管桩模具的内壁；中速阶段有利于使混凝土克服离心力突增，以减少混凝土出现内外分层的现象，从而提高管桩的强度；高速阶段是使混凝土密实成型为管桩的重要阶段。By adopting the above centrifugal speed and centrifugation time, the waterproof particles can spread to the outermost layer of the pipe pile more quickly and smoothly, and the waterproof particles can be distributed more evenly, so that the pipe pile has better waterproof performance. At the same time, because the concrete of some durable PHC pipe piles is over-pressed when the pipe pile mold is closed, it must be loosened at a low speed stage to avoid the "honeycomb" phenomenon after the pipe pile is formed. In addition, the concrete collapsed during centrifugation Loss of slump, or even "false setting" phenomenon, the low speed stage can restore it to the original slump; the low and medium speed stage is to make the concrete evenly distributed on the inner wall of the pipe pile mold; Concrete overcomes the sudden increase of centrifugal force to reduce the phenomenon of internal and external delamination of concrete, thereby improving the strength of pipe piles; the high-speed stage is an important stage for making concrete densely formed into pipe piles.

可选的，离心步骤之前还包括以下步骤：Optionally, the following steps are also included before the centrifugation step:

对管桩模具进行清模，并喷涂脱模剂；Clean the pipe pile mold and spray the mold release agent;

制作钢筋笼骨架和管桩端头，并将钢筋笼骨架和管桩端头装入管桩模具中；Make the steel cage skeleton and pipe pile ends, and put the steel cage skeleton and pipe pile ends into the pipe pile mould;

将耐久型PHC管桩混凝土注入管桩模具中，合模，并对合模后的管桩模具进行预应力张拉处理；Inject the durable PHC pipe pile concrete into the pipe pile mold, close the mold, and perform prestress tension treatment on the pipe pile mold after mold closing;

离心步骤之后还包括以下步骤：The following steps are also included after the centrifugation step:

对离心完成后的混凝土及管桩模具进行压蒸养护；Carry out autoclave curing of concrete and pipe pile molds after centrifugation;

蒸压养护完成后，拆卸模具并脱模，获得PHC管桩。After the autoclave curing is completed, the mold is disassembled and demolded to obtain the PHC pipe pile.

通过采用上述技术方案，首先清理管桩模具的内壁，以减少杂质混入耐久型PHC管桩混凝土中，从而对成型后的管桩产生不利影响。脱模剂有利于PHC管桩顺利脱模。之后依次进行张拉、离心、两次蒸养均有利于提高PHC管桩的抗压强度等力学性能。By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, firstly, the inner wall of the pipe pile mold is cleaned to reduce the mixing of impurities into the durable PHC pipe pile concrete, thereby adversely affecting the formed pipe pile. The release agent is conducive to the smooth release of the PHC pipe pile. Afterwards, stretching, centrifugation, and steam curing twice are beneficial to improve the mechanical properties of PHC pipe piles such as compressive strength.

可选的，所述脱模剂采用滑石粉。Optionally, the release agent is talcum powder.

通过采用上述技术方案，滑石粉具有抗酸性，不会与防水颗粒中的丙烯酸乳液、VAE乳液发生反应，从而不会影响防水颗粒的防水效果。By adopting the above technical scheme, the talcum powder has acid resistance, and will not react with the acrylic emulsion and VAE emulsion in the waterproof particles, thus will not affect the waterproof effect of the waterproof particles.

综上所述，本申请具有以下有益效果：In summary, the application has the following beneficial effects:

1、本申请通过加入采用VAE乳液、丙烯酸乳液、石粉、聚丙烯酰胺混合形成的防水颗粒，获得了具有高防水性能、高抗压强度的耐久型PHC管桩混凝土及PHC管桩；1. This application has obtained durable PHC pipe pile concrete and PHC pipe pile with high waterproof performance and high compressive strength by adding waterproof particles mixed with VAE emulsion, acrylic emulsion, stone powder and polyacrylamide;

2、本申请的PHC管桩无需额外喷涂环氧树脂防水涂层也能具备良好的防水性能，简化了管桩生产工序。2. The PHC pipe pile of the present application can also have good waterproof performance without additional spraying of epoxy resin waterproof coating, which simplifies the production process of pipe piles.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下对本申请作进一步详细说明。The present application is described in further detail below.

原料介绍Raw material introduction

表1耐久型PHC管桩混凝土的制备原料Table 1 The raw materials for the preparation of durable PHC pipe pile concrete

原料raw material出处及型号介绍Source and model introduction硅酸盐水泥Portland cement型号：P.Ⅱ52.5Model: P.Ⅱ52.5VAE乳液VAE emulsion牌号：CP143，粘度2500～4000mPa·s，pH值4～5，固含量55％Brand: CP143, viscosity 2500-4000mPa·s, pH 4-5, solid content 55%丙烯酸乳液acrylic emulsion牌号：BLJ-5619，粘度500～2000mPa·s，pH值7～9，固含量50％Brand: BLJ-5619, viscosity 500-2000mPa·s, pH value 7-9, solid content 50%天青石粉lapis lazuli powder粒径15～36μmParticle size 15～36μm聚丙烯酰胺polyacrylamide分子量500～1200，固含量88％～91％Molecular weight 500~1200, solid content 88%~91%粗骨料Coarse aggregate碎石，粒径5～20mm连续级配Gravel, particle size 5 ~ 20mm continuous gradation细骨料fine aggregate河砂，含泥量0.4％～0.6％，细度模数2.3～2.7River sand, mud content 0.4%~0.6%, fineness modulus 2.3~2.7矿粉mineral powderS95级矿粉，比表面积400～500kg/㎡，活性指数≥95％S95 grade mineral powder, specific surface area 400-500kg/㎡, activity index ≥ 95%粉煤灰fly ash细度500～800目Fineness 500～800 mesh聚羧酸减水剂Polycarboxylate superplasticizer牌号：SPF-300，固含量39％～40％Brand: SPF-300, solid content 39% to 40%水water自来水tap water

实施例Example

实施例1Example 1

耐久型PHC管桩混凝土，制备原料包括：水泥340kg，防水颗粒50kg，骨料780kg，矿粉60kg，粉煤灰25kg，聚羧酸减水剂5kg，水68kg；其中，防水颗粒包括重量比为1：5：15的VAE乳液、丙烯酸乳液、天青石粉，骨料包括细骨料280kg，粗骨料500kg。Durable PHC pipe pile concrete, the preparation raw materials include: cement 340kg, waterproof particles 50kg, aggregate 780kg, mineral powder 60kg, fly ash 25kg, polycarboxylate superplasticizer 5kg, water 68kg; among them, waterproof particles include weight ratio of 1:5:15 VAE emulsion, acrylic emulsion, lapis lazuli powder, aggregates include fine aggregate 280kg, coarse aggregate 500kg.

该耐久型PHC管桩混凝土的制备方法包括有以下步骤：The preparation method of the durable PHC pipe pile concrete comprises the following steps:

制备防水颗粒：将VAE乳液、丙烯酸乳液、天青石粉在25℃下搅拌15min，获得防水颗粒；预拌合：将水泥、骨料、矿粉、粉煤灰、减水剂、水加入搅拌机中，搅拌2min，获得混凝土预拌混合物；Preparation of waterproof particles: Stir VAE emulsion, acrylic emulsion, and lapis lazuli powder at 25°C for 15 minutes to obtain waterproof particles; pre-mixing: add cement, aggregate, mineral powder, fly ash, water reducer, and water into the mixer , and stirred for 2 minutes to obtain ready-mixed concrete;

拌合：将防水颗粒加入混凝土预拌混合物中，搅拌1min，获得耐久型PHC管桩混凝土。Mixing: Add waterproof particles into the ready-mixed concrete mixture and stir for 1 minute to obtain durable PHC pipe pile concrete.

用该耐久型PHC管桩混凝土制得的PHC管桩，其制备方法包括有以下步骤：The PHC pipe pile that this durable type PHC pipe pile concrete is made, its preparation method comprises the following steps:

对管桩模具进行清模，并喷涂滑石粉脱模剂；Clean the pipe pile mold and spray talcum powder release agent;

制作钢筋笼骨架和管桩端头，并将钢筋笼骨架和管桩端头装入管桩模具中；Make the steel cage skeleton and pipe pile ends, and put the steel cage skeleton and pipe pile ends into the pipe pile mould;

将耐久型PHC管桩混凝土注入管桩模具中，合模，并对合模后的管桩模具进行预应力张拉处理；Inject the durable PHC pipe pile concrete into the pipe pile mold, close the mold, and perform prestress tension treatment on the pipe pile mold after mold closing;

张拉处理完成后，对管桩模具进行离心处理，离心处理的步骤依次为60r/min的转速离心2min的低速阶段，提升转速至115r/min的转速离心2min的低中速阶段，继续提升转速至290r/min的转速离心4min的中速阶段，最后提升转速至480r/min的转速离心7min的高速阶段；After the tensioning process is completed, the pipe pile mold is subjected to centrifugation. The centrifugation steps are followed by a low-speed stage of centrifugation at a speed of 60r/min for 2 minutes, and a low-medium speed stage of centrifugation at a speed of 115r/min for 2 minutes. Continue to increase the speed Centrifuge at a speed of 290r/min for 4 minutes at a medium-speed stage, and finally increase the speed to a speed of 480r/min for a high-speed stage of centrifugation for 7 minutes;

对离心完成后的混凝土及管桩模具进行压蒸养护，第一次蒸汽养护90℃恒温5h，第二次高压蒸养180℃恒温5h；After the centrifugation is completed, the concrete and pipe pile molds are autoclaved and cured. The first steam curing is at a constant temperature of 90°C for 5 hours, and the second high-pressure steam curing is at a constant temperature of 180°C for 5 hours;

蒸压养护完成后，拆卸模具并脱模，获得PHC管桩。After the autoclave curing is completed, the mold is disassembled and demolded to obtain the PHC pipe pile.

实施例2Example 2

耐久型PHC管桩混凝土，制备原料包括：水泥470kg，防水颗30kg，骨料1300kg，矿粉25kg，粉煤灰60kg，聚羧酸减水剂3kg，水94kg；其中，防水颗粒包括重量比为1：2：22的VAE乳液、丙烯酸乳液、天青石粉，骨料包括细骨料364kg，粗骨料936kg。Durable PHC pipe pile concrete, the preparation raw materials include: cement 470kg, waterproof particles 30kg, aggregate 1300kg, mineral powder 25kg, fly ash 60kg, polycarboxylate superplasticizer 3kg, water 94kg; among them, waterproof particles include a weight ratio of 1:2:22 VAE emulsion, acrylic emulsion, lapis lazuli powder, aggregates include fine aggregate 364kg, coarse aggregate 936kg.

该耐久型PHC管桩混凝土的制备方法包括有以下步骤：The preparation method of the durable PHC pipe pile concrete comprises the following steps:

制备防水颗粒：将VAE乳液、丙烯酸乳液、天青石粉在25℃下搅拌15min，获得防水颗粒；预拌合：将水泥、骨料、矿粉、粉煤灰、减水剂、水加入搅拌机中，搅拌2min，获得混凝土预拌混合物；Preparation of waterproof particles: Stir VAE emulsion, acrylic emulsion, and lapis lazuli powder at 25°C for 15 minutes to obtain waterproof particles; pre-mixing: add cement, aggregate, mineral powder, fly ash, water reducer, and water into the mixer , and stirred for 2 minutes to obtain ready-mixed concrete;

拌合：将防水颗粒加入混凝土预拌混合物中，搅拌1min，获得耐久型PHC管桩混凝土。Mixing: Add waterproof particles into the ready-mixed concrete mixture and stir for 1 minute to obtain durable PHC pipe pile concrete.

用该耐久型PHC管桩混凝土制得的PHC管桩，其制备方法包括有以下步骤：The PHC pipe pile that this durable type PHC pipe pile concrete is made, its preparation method comprises the following steps:

对管桩模具进行清模，并喷涂滑石粉脱模剂；Clean the pipe pile mold and spray talcum powder release agent;

制作钢筋笼骨架和管桩端头，并将钢筋笼骨架和管桩端头装入管桩模具中；Make the steel cage skeleton and pipe pile ends, and put the steel cage skeleton and pipe pile ends into the pipe pile mould;

将耐久型PHC管桩混凝土注入管桩模具中，合模，并对合模后的管桩模具进行预应力张拉处理；Inject the durable PHC pipe pile concrete into the pipe pile mold, close the mold, and perform prestress tension treatment on the pipe pile mold after mold closing;

张拉处理完成后，对管桩模具进行离心处理，离心处理的步骤依次为60r/min的转速离心2min的低速阶段，提升转速至115r/min的转速离心2min的低中速阶段，继续提升转速至290r/min的转速离心4min的中速阶段，最后提升转速至480r/min的转速离心7min的高速阶段；After the tensioning process is completed, the pipe pile mold is subjected to centrifugation. The centrifugation steps are followed by a low-speed stage of centrifugation at a speed of 60r/min for 2 minutes, and a low-medium speed stage of centrifugation at a speed of 115r/min for 2 minutes. Continue to increase the speed Centrifuge at a speed of 290r/min for 4 minutes at a medium-speed stage, and finally increase the speed to a speed of 480r/min for a high-speed stage of centrifugation for 7 minutes;

对离心完成后的混凝土及管桩模具进行压蒸养护，第一次蒸汽养护90℃恒温5h，第二次高压蒸养180℃恒温5h；After the centrifugation is completed, the concrete and pipe pile molds are autoclaved and cured. The first steam curing is at a constant temperature of 90°C for 5 hours, and the second high-pressure steam curing is at a constant temperature of 180°C for 5 hours;

蒸压养护完成后，拆卸模具并脱模，获得PHC管桩。After the autoclave curing is completed, the mold is disassembled and demolded to obtain the PHC pipe pile.

实施例3Example 3

耐久型PHC管桩混凝土，制备原料包括：水泥405kg，防水颗粒40kg，骨料1040kg，矿粉42.5kg，粉煤灰42.5kg，聚羧酸减水剂4kg，水81kg；其中，防水颗粒包括重量比为1：3：18的VAE乳液、丙烯酸乳液、天青石粉，骨料包括细骨料333kg，粗骨料707kg。Durable PHC pipe pile concrete, the preparation raw materials include: cement 405kg, waterproof particles 40kg, aggregate 1040kg, mineral powder 42.5kg, fly ash 42.5kg, polycarboxylate superplasticizer 4kg, water 81kg; among them, waterproof particles include weight VAE emulsion, acrylic emulsion, and lapis lazuli powder with a ratio of 1:3:18. The aggregate includes 333kg of fine aggregate and 707kg of coarse aggregate.

该耐久型PHC管桩混凝土的制备方法包括有以下步骤：The preparation method of the durable PHC pipe pile concrete comprises the following steps:

制备防水颗粒：将VAE乳液、丙烯酸乳液、天青石粉在25℃下搅拌15min，获得防水颗粒；预拌合：将水泥、骨料、矿粉、粉煤灰、减水剂、水加入搅拌机中，搅拌2min，获得混凝土预拌混合物；Preparation of waterproof particles: Stir VAE emulsion, acrylic emulsion, and lapis lazuli powder at 25°C for 15 minutes to obtain waterproof particles; pre-mixing: add cement, aggregate, mineral powder, fly ash, water reducer, and water into the mixer , and stirred for 2 minutes to obtain ready-mixed concrete;

拌合：将防水颗粒加入混凝土预拌混合物中，搅拌1min，获得耐久型PHC管桩混凝土。Mixing: Add waterproof particles into the ready-mixed concrete mixture and stir for 1 minute to obtain durable PHC pipe pile concrete.

用该耐久型PHC管桩混凝土制得的PHC管桩，其制备方法包括有以下步骤：The PHC pipe pile that this durable type PHC pipe pile concrete is made, its preparation method comprises the following steps:

对管桩模具进行清模，并喷涂滑石粉脱模剂；Clean the pipe pile mold and spray talcum powder release agent;

制作钢筋笼骨架和管桩端头，并将钢筋笼骨架和管桩端头装入管桩模具中；Make the steel cage skeleton and pipe pile ends, and put the steel cage skeleton and pipe pile ends into the pipe pile mould;

将耐久型PHC管桩混凝土注入管桩模具中，合模，并对合模后的管桩模具进行预应力张拉处理；Inject the durable PHC pipe pile concrete into the pipe pile mold, close the mold, and perform prestress tension treatment on the pipe pile mold after mold closing;

张拉处理完成后，对管桩模具进行离心处理，离心处理的步骤依次为60r/min的转速离心2min的低速阶段，提升转速至115r/min的转速离心2min的低中速阶段，继续提升转速至290r/min的转速离心4min的中速阶段，最后提升转速至480r/min的转速离心7min的高速阶段；After the tensioning process is completed, the pipe pile mold is subjected to centrifugation. The centrifugation steps are followed by a low-speed stage of centrifugation at a speed of 60r/min for 2 minutes, and a low-medium speed stage of centrifugation at a speed of 115r/min for 2 minutes. Continue to increase the speed Centrifuge at a speed of 290r/min for 4 minutes at a medium-speed stage, and finally increase the speed to a speed of 480r/min for a high-speed stage of centrifugation for 7 minutes;

对离心完成后的混凝土及管桩模具进行压蒸养护，第一次蒸汽养护90℃恒温5h，第二次高压蒸养180℃恒温5h；After the centrifugation is completed, the concrete and pipe pile molds are autoclaved and cured. The first steam curing is at a constant temperature of 90°C for 5 hours, and the second high-pressure steam curing is at a constant temperature of 180°C for 5 hours;

蒸压养护完成后，拆卸模具并脱模，获得PHC管桩。After the autoclave curing is completed, the mold is disassembled and demolded to obtain the PHC pipe pile.

实施例4Example 4

耐久型PHC管桩混凝土，与实施例3的区别在于：防水颗粒包括重量比为1：3：18：2的VAE乳液、丙烯酸乳液、天青石粉、聚丙烯酰胺。The difference between durable PHC pipe pile concrete and Example 3 is that the waterproof particles include VAE emulsion, acrylic emulsion, lapis lazuli powder, and polyacrylamide in a weight ratio of 1:3:18:2.

实施例5Example 5

耐久型PHC管桩混凝土，与实施例3的区别在于：防水颗粒包括重量比为1：3：18：4的VAE乳液、丙烯酸乳液、天青石粉、聚丙烯酰胺。The difference between durable PHC pipe pile concrete and Example 3 is that the waterproof particles include VAE emulsion, acrylic emulsion, lapis lazuli powder, and polyacrylamide in a weight ratio of 1:3:18:4.

实施例6Example 6

耐久型PHC管桩混凝土，与实施例3的区别在于：防水颗粒包括重量比为1：3：18：3的VAE乳液、丙烯酸乳液、天青石粉、聚丙烯酰胺。The difference between durable PHC pipe pile concrete and Example 3 is that the waterproof particles include VAE emulsion, acrylic emulsion, lapis lazuli powder, and polyacrylamide in a weight ratio of 1:3:18:3.

对比例comparative example

对比例1Comparative example 1

一种现有的具有防水功能的混凝土PHC管桩，购自市场，以硅酸盐水泥、黄砂、粉煤灰、镍铁渣粉、碎石、纳米级轻度重钙粉、减水剂、缓凝剂为主要原料，并添加沥青作为防水材料。A kind of existing concrete PHC pipe pile with waterproof function is purchased from the market, with Portland cement, yellow sand, fly ash, nickel-iron slag powder, crushed stone, nano-scale mild heavy calcium powder, water reducer, The retarder is the main raw material, and asphalt is added as a waterproof material.

对比例2Comparative example 2

一种现有的具有防水功效的耐腐蚀混凝土PHC管桩，购自市场，以普通硅酸盐水泥、碎石、矿粉、粉煤灰、减水剂、水作为主要原料，该PHC管桩外壁喷涂有环氧树脂防水涂层，且该PHC管桩具有优秀的抗压强度和防水性能。An existing corrosion-resistant concrete PHC pipe pile with waterproof effect is purchased from the market and uses ordinary Portland cement, gravel, mineral powder, fly ash, water reducing agent, and water as main raw materials. The PHC pipe pile The outer wall is sprayed with epoxy resin waterproof coating, and the PHC pipe pile has excellent compressive strength and waterproof performance.

性能检测performance testing

将各实施例1～6的耐久型PHC管桩混凝土制为外径200mm，高度300mm，壁厚40mm的PHC管桩样品，再对管桩样品进行力学性能以及防水性能测试。The durable PHC pipe pile concrete of each embodiment 1-6 was made into a PHC pipe pile sample with an outer diameter of 200mm, a height of 300mm, and a wall thickness of 40mm, and then the mechanical performance and waterproof performance of the pipe pile samples were tested.

其中，力学性能采用抗压强度作为表征，根据GB 13476-2009《先张法预应力混凝土管桩》及GB/T 50081-2002《普通混凝土力学性能试验方法》，使用YAW-2000D抗压强度试验机进行测试。Among them, the mechanical properties are characterized by compressive strength. According to GB 13476-2009 "Pretensioned Prestressed Concrete Pipe Pile" and GB/T 50081-2002 "Test Methods for Mechanical Properties of Ordinary Concrete", the YAW-2000D compressive strength test is used machine for testing.

防水性能的测试，采用如下方式：称取管桩样品的质量，再将样品放入水中浸泡，每隔一定时间取出，擦干样品表面的水分后，再次称取样品的质量,样品的质量增加得越少，说明吸水率越低，即防水性能越好。The test of waterproof performance adopts the following method: weigh the mass of the pipe pile sample, then soak the sample in water, take it out at regular intervals, wipe off the moisture on the surface of the sample, weigh the sample again, and the mass of the sample increases. The less it is, the lower the water absorption rate, that is, the better the waterproof performance.

表2实施例1～6和对比例1～2制备的管桩样品的抗压强度测试结果The compressive strength test results of the pipe pile samples prepared in Table 2 Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2

根据表2记载的测试数据，与对比例1相比，本申请实施例1～3的抗压强度有较大幅度的提升。与对比例2相比，本申请实施例1～3的抗压强度和防水性虽然有所降低，但是，本申请无需再额外施工喷涂防水层，简化了管桩的生产步骤。According to the test data recorded in Table 2, compared with Comparative Example 1, the compressive strength of Examples 1-3 of the present application has been greatly improved. Compared with Comparative Example 2, although the compressive strength and waterproofness of Examples 1-3 of the present application are reduced, the present application does not require additional construction of spraying waterproof layer, which simplifies the production steps of pipe piles.

结合对管桩横断面的组分分布，分析本申请具备优良防水性能的原因在于，在离心过程中，防水颗粒在离心力的作用下向外层迁移，使得防水颗粒更多分布于靠近管桩外壁处，相当于离心过程中在靠近管桩外壁处形成了防水层，从而使得本申请具备优秀的防水效果。Combined with the component distribution of the cross-section of the pipe pile, the reason why this application has excellent waterproof performance is that during the centrifugation process, the waterproof particles migrate to the outer layer under the action of centrifugal force, so that more waterproof particles are distributed near the outer wall of the pipe pile. , which means that a waterproof layer is formed near the outer wall of the pipe pile during the centrifugation process, which makes this application have an excellent waterproof effect.

再者，对比例2的防水手段是在管桩外壁喷涂防水层，对比例1的防水手段是在混凝土中掺入具有防水效果的沥青，而本申请的防水手段是借助离心步骤使得混凝土中的防水颗粒外移形成防水层，即，本申请的防水手段的原理与对比例1～2均不同，为本领域的防水研究提供了一种新的思路。Furthermore, the waterproof means of comparative example 2 is to spray a waterproof layer on the outer wall of the pipe pile, the waterproof means of comparative example 1 is to mix asphalt with waterproof effect in concrete, and the waterproof means of the present application is to make the concrete in concrete The waterproof particles move outward to form a waterproof layer, that is, the principle of the waterproof means of the present application is different from that of Comparative Examples 1-2, which provides a new idea for waterproof research in this field.

结合实施例3～6可以看出，在防水颗粒中加入聚丙烯酰胺，能够同时进一步提升管桩的防水性能和抗压强度，这应该与聚丙烯酰胺的加入有利于减轻防水颗粒聚集有关。From Examples 3 to 6, it can be seen that adding polyacrylamide to waterproof particles can further improve the waterproof performance and compressive strength of pipe piles, which should be related to the fact that the addition of polyacrylamide is beneficial to reduce the aggregation of waterproof particles.

上述具体实施例仅仅是对本申请的解释，其并不是对本申请的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本申请做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但均应涵盖于本申请的保护范围之内。The above-mentioned specific embodiments are only explanations of the present application, and they are not limitations of the present application. Those skilled in the art may make modifications to the present application as required after reading this specification, but all of them shall be covered by the scope of the present application. within the scope of protection.

Claims (2)

Translated fromChinese

1.PHC管桩的制备方法，其特征在于，1. The preparation method of PHC pipe pile is characterized in that,按重量份数，采用的耐久型PHC管桩混凝土的制备原料包括：水泥405份，防水颗粒40份，骨料1040份，矿粉42.5份，粉煤灰42.5份,聚羧酸减水剂4份，水81份；其中，所述防水颗粒包括重量比为1：3：18：3的VAE乳液、丙烯酸乳液、天青石粉、聚丙烯酰铵，天青石粉的粒径为15～36μm；所述骨料包括细骨料333份，粗骨料707份；所述VAE乳液的粘度为500～4000mPa·s，pH值为3～7，固含量为55～57％；所述丙烯酸乳液的粘度为400～3000mPa·s，pH值为7～9，固含量为49％～51％；According to parts by weight, the raw materials for the preparation of durable PHC pipe pile concrete include: 405 parts of cement, 40 parts of waterproof particles, 1040 parts of aggregate, 42.5 parts of mineral powder, 42.5 parts of fly ash, polycarboxylate superplasticizer 4 81 parts of water; wherein, the waterproof particles include VAE emulsion, acrylic emulsion, lapis lazuli powder, and ammonium polyacrylamide with a weight ratio of 1:3:18:3, and the particle size of the lapis lazuli powder is 15-36 μm; The aggregate includes 333 parts of fine aggregate and 707 parts of coarse aggregate; the viscosity of the VAE emulsion is 500-4000mPa·s, the pH value is 3-7, and the solid content is 55-57%; The viscosity is 400-3000mPa·s, the pH value is 7-9, and the solid content is 49%-51%;所述耐久型PHC管桩混凝土的制备方法包括有以下步骤：The preparation method of described durable type PHC pipe pile concrete comprises the following steps:制备防水颗粒：将VAE乳液、丙烯酸乳液、天青石粉、聚丙烯酰铵在25℃下搅拌15min，获得防水颗粒；Preparation of waterproof particles: Stir VAE emulsion, acrylic emulsion, lapis lazuli powder, and ammonium polyacrylamide at 25°C for 15 minutes to obtain waterproof particles;预拌合：将水泥、骨料、矿粉、粉煤灰、减水剂、水加入搅拌机中，搅拌2min，获得混凝土预拌混合物；Pre-mixing: Add cement, aggregate, mineral powder, fly ash, water reducer, and water into the mixer, and stir for 2 minutes to obtain a concrete ready-mixed mixture;拌合：将防水颗粒加入混凝土预拌混合物中，搅拌lmin，获得耐久型PHC管桩混凝土；Mixing: Add waterproof particles into the concrete ready-mixed mixture, and stir for 1 minute to obtain durable PHC pipe pile concrete;所述PHC管桩的制备方法包括有以下步骤：The preparation method of described PHC pile comprises the following steps:对管桩模具进行清模，并喷涂滑石粉脱模剂；Clean the pipe pile mold and spray talcum powder release agent;制作钢筋笼骨架和管桩端头，并将钢筋笼骨架和管桩端头装入管桩模具中；Make the steel cage skeleton and pipe pile ends, and put the steel cage skeleton and pipe pile ends into the pipe pile mould;将耐久型PHC管桩混凝土注入管桩模具中，合模，并对合模后的管桩模具进行预应力张拉处理；Inject the durable PHC pipe pile concrete into the pipe pile mold, close the mold, and perform prestress tension treatment on the pipe pile mold after mold closing;张拉处理完成后，对管桩模具进行离心处理，离心处理的步骤依次为60r/min的转速离心2min的低速阶段，提升转速至115r/min的转速离心2min的低中速阶段，继续提升转速至290r/min的转速离心4min的中速阶段，最后提升转速至480r/min的转速离心7min的高速阶段；After the tensioning process is completed, the pipe pile mold is subjected to centrifugation. The centrifugation steps are followed by a low-speed stage of centrifugation at a speed of 60r/min for 2 minutes, and a low-medium speed stage of centrifugation at a speed of 115r/min for 2 minutes. Continue to increase the speed Centrifuge at a speed of 290r/min for 4 minutes at a medium-speed stage, and finally increase the speed to a speed of 480r/min for a high-speed stage of centrifugation for 7 minutes;对离心完成后的混凝土及管桩模具进行压蒸养护，第一次蒸汽养护90℃恒温5h，第二次高压蒸养180℃恒温5h；After the centrifugation is completed, the concrete and pipe pile molds are autoclaved and cured. The first steam curing is at a constant temperature of 90°C for 5 hours, and the second high-pressure steam curing is at a constant temperature of 180°C for 5 hours;蒸压养护完成后，拆卸模具并脱模，获得PHC管桩。After the autoclave curing is completed, the mold is disassembled and demolded to obtain the PHC pipe pile.2.一种权利要求1所述的制备方法制得的PHC管桩。2. the PHC pipe pile that a kind of preparation method according to claim 1 makes.