CN114752413A - Co-gasification of coal and natural gas coupled with new energy synthesis gas reaction system and method - Google Patents
Co-gasification of coal and natural gas coupled with new energy synthesis gas reaction system and methodDownload PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及新能源、煤化工技术领域，具体地涉及煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的合成气反应系统及方法。The invention relates to the technical fields of new energy and coal chemical industry, in particular to a synthesis gas reaction system and method for coupling new energy by co-gasification of coal and natural gas.
背景技术Background technique
以风电、光电为代表的新能源电力具有波动性大，随机性强的特点，高比例接入既有电力系统将使供电保障受到挑战，因此上网通道受到诸多限制，进而限制了新能源的大规模发展。在这种形势下，开拓新能源电力就近或临近消纳的途径成为其大规模发展的必要支撑条件。此外随着新能源电力成本的快速下降以及碳税效应的逐渐显著，未来短期内绿氢的成本将与煤制氢成本接近或拉平。New energy power represented by wind power and photovoltaics has the characteristics of high volatility and strong randomness. A high proportion of access to the existing power system will challenge the power supply guarantee. Therefore, the access to the Internet is subject to many restrictions, which in turn limits the large-scale use of new energy. scale development. Under this circumstance, developing new energy power sources near or near consumption has become a necessary support for its large-scale development. In addition, with the rapid decline in the cost of new energy power and the gradually significant effect of carbon tax, the cost of green hydrogen will be close to or equal to the cost of coal-to-hydrogen production in the short term.
传统煤化工中，煤制合成气是煤化工装置的基础单元。由于煤炭氢碳比低，粗合成气需要经变换反应来调节氢碳比以满足下游需求，在此过程中会产生煤化工过程中最显著的碳排放。另外对于化工装置而言，稳定生产在任何条件下都是首先要被考虑的。同样以60万吨/年煤制烯烃工厂为例，现有流程变换装置每小时产出不同等级蒸汽约500吨，变换装置开与不开，蒸汽平衡将多出500吨的余量或缺口，由于蒸汽不能存储，整个装置不可能实现连续稳定运行。In traditional coal chemical industry, coal-to-synthesis gas is the basic unit of coal chemical plant. Due to the low hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of coal, the crude syngas needs to undergo a shift reaction to adjust the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio to meet the downstream demand, which produces the most significant carbon emissions in the coal chemical process. In addition, for chemical plants, stable production is the first consideration under any conditions. Also taking a 600,000-ton/year coal-to-olefins plant as an example, the existing process conversion device produces about 500 tons of steam of different grades per hour. If the conversion device is turned on or not, the steam balance will have an excess or gap of 500 tons. Since the steam cannot be stored, it is impossible to achieve continuous and stable operation of the entire device.
因此，实现氢气的稳定输出是煤化工与绿氢耦合的前提条件。要实现煤制合成气与绿氢的耦合，需要提供一种能够稳定实现的方法。Therefore, realizing the stable output of hydrogen is a prerequisite for the coupling of coal chemical industry and green hydrogen. To realize the coupling of coal-to-synthesis gas and green hydrogen, it is necessary to provide a method that can be realized stably.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术存在的新能源耦合煤化工存在波动性、间歇性的问题，提供煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的合成气反应系统及方法。该系统及利用该系统的方法可以灵活性地接纳新能源生产的绿氢，维持煤化工进行合成气反应的稳定生产，避免能量二次转化损失，显著降低煤化工装置碳排放和投资，并为新能源发电的大规模建设提供支撑。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a synthesis gas reaction system and method for coupling new energy with coal and natural gas co-gasification in order to overcome the volatility and intermittent problems of new energy coupling coal chemical industry existing in the prior art. The system and the method using the system can flexibly accept green hydrogen produced by new energy, maintain the stable production of syngas reaction in coal chemical industry, avoid the loss of secondary conversion of energy, significantly reduce carbon emissions and investment in coal chemical plants, and provide Provide support for the large-scale construction of new energy power generation.
为了实现上述目的，本发明第一方面提供一种煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的合成气反应系统，该系统包括：新能源发电装置、气化炉、合成气洗涤装置、合成气反应单元、电解制氢装置和氢气缓冲罐；其中，In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a synthesis gas reaction system for co-gasification of coal and natural gas coupled with new energy sources. The system includes: a new energy power generation device, a gasifier, a synthesis gas washing device, and a synthesis gas reaction unit , electrolytic hydrogen production device and hydrogen buffer tank; among them,
所述电解制氢装置连通所述新能源发电装置、氢气缓冲罐，利用所述新能源发电装置产生的电将水进行电解，产生的氢气通入所述氢气缓冲罐；The electrolytic hydrogen production device is connected with the new energy power generation device and the hydrogen buffer tank, and the electricity generated by the new energy power generation device is used to electrolyze water, and the generated hydrogen is passed into the hydrogen buffer tank;
所述合成气洗涤装置连通所述氢气缓冲罐、气化炉和合成气反应单元，用于a)将所述气化炉产生的粗合成气和来自所述氢气缓冲罐的氢气的混合气进行洗涤，得到的净合成气通入所述合成气反应单元进行合成气反应，或者，b)将所述气化炉产生的粗合成气进行洗涤，并将得到的洗涤合成气与来自所述氢气缓冲罐的氢气混合而得的调和合成气通入所述合成气反应单元进行合成气反应。The syngas scrubbing device communicates with the hydrogen buffer tank, the gasifier and the syngas reaction unit, and is used for a) performing a mixture of the crude syngas produced by the gasifier and the hydrogen from the hydrogen buffer tank. Washing, the obtained net syngas is passed into the syngas reaction unit for syngas reaction, or, b) washing the crude syngas produced by the gasifier, and combining the obtained washed syngas with hydrogen from the hydrogen The blended synthesis gas obtained by mixing the hydrogen in the buffer tank is passed into the synthesis gas reaction unit for synthesis gas reaction.
本发明第二方面提供一种煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的方法，其特征在于，采用上述煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的合成气反应系统，包括以下步骤：A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for coupling new energy by co-gasification of coal and natural gas, characterized in that the above-mentioned synthesis gas reaction system for co-gasification of coal and natural gas coupled with new energy comprises the following steps:
将水煤浆或煤粉、天然气、氧气和水蒸汽通入所述系统中的气化炉进行气化，通过调节天然气的输入量得到满足预设H2/CO比值的粗合成气；Passing coal-water slurry or pulverized coal, natural gas, oxygen and water vapor into the gasifier in the system for gasification, and by adjusting the input amount of natural gas, the crude synthesis gas satisfying the preset H2 /CO ratio is obtained;
将来自所述系统的新能源发电装置的电用于所述系统的电解制氢装置进行电解水产生氢气；The electricity from the new energy power generation device of the system is used for the electrolysis hydrogen production device of the system to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen;
控制所述氢气与所述粗合成气混合，得到满足目标需求的混合气并进行洗涤得到净合成气用于合成气反应；或者，将所述粗合成气进行洗涤得到洗涤合成气，再与所述氢气混合，得到满足目标要求的调和合成气并进行合成气反应；其中，Controlling the mixing of the hydrogen and the crude syngas to obtain a mixed gas that meets the target requirements and washing to obtain a net syngas for the syngas reaction; or, washing the crude syngas to obtain a washed syngas, which is then mixed with the The hydrogen is mixed to obtain the blended synthesis gas that meets the target requirements and the synthesis gas reaction is carried out; wherein,
所述方法不包括水煤气的变换反应过程。The method does not include a water gas shift reaction process.
通过上述技术方案，将新能源与煤、天然气共气化系统进行耦合，可以灵活性地适应新能源输出的波动性、间歇性，实现耦合系统的连续稳定运行，避免对下游单元的影响；本发明可显著降低煤化工装置的碳排放，避免大型储能装置的建设，降低空分装置的投资，避免能量二次转化损失，并为新能源发电的大规模建设提供支撑。Through the above technical solutions, the new energy is coupled with the coal and natural gas co-gasification system, which can flexibly adapt to the volatility and intermittent nature of the output of new energy, realize the continuous and stable operation of the coupled system, and avoid the impact on the downstream units; The invention can significantly reduce carbon emissions of coal chemical plants, avoid the construction of large energy storage devices, reduce investment in air separation plants, avoid secondary energy conversion losses, and provide support for large-scale construction of new energy power generation.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的合成气反应系统第一种结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the first kind of structure schematic diagram of the synthesis gas reaction system of the present invention that is coupled with new energy by coal and natural gas co-gasification;
图2是本发明煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的合成气反应系统第二种结构示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the synthesis gas reaction system of the present invention for the co-gasification of coal and natural gas coupled with new energy;
图3是本发明煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的合成气反应系统第三种结构示意图；Fig. 3 is the third structural schematic diagram of the synthesis gas reaction system of the present invention for the co-gasification of coal and natural gas coupled with new energy;
图4是本发明煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的合成气反应系统第四种结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the fourth structure of the synthesis gas reaction system of the present invention for the co-gasification of coal and natural gas coupled with new energy.
附图标记说明Description of reference numerals
1、电解制氢装置 2、氢气压缩机1. Electrolytic
3、氢气缓冲罐 4、氧气压缩机3.
5、氧气缓冲罐 6、气化炉5. Oxygen buffer tank 6. Gasifier
7、合成气洗涤装置 8、空分装置7. Syngas
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限制本发明。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
本发明第一方面提供一种煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的合成气反应系统，该系统包括：新能源发电装置、气化炉、合成气洗涤装置、合成气反应单元、电解制氢装置、氢气缓冲罐、氧气管缓冲罐、氢气支路和氧气支路；其中，A first aspect of the present invention provides a synthesis gas reaction system for co-gasification of coal and natural gas coupled with new energy sources. The system includes: a new energy power generation device, a gasifier, a synthesis gas washing device, a synthesis gas reaction unit, and an electrolysis hydrogen production device. , hydrogen buffer tank, oxygen pipe buffer tank, hydrogen branch and oxygen branch; of which,
所述电解制氢装置连通所述新能源发电装置、氢气缓冲罐，利用所述新能源发电装置产生的电将水进行电解，产生的氢气通入所述氢气缓冲罐；The electrolytic hydrogen production device is connected with the new energy power generation device and the hydrogen buffer tank, and the electricity generated by the new energy power generation device is used to electrolyze water, and the generated hydrogen is passed into the hydrogen buffer tank;
所述合成气洗涤装置连通所述氢气缓冲罐、气化炉和合成气反应单元，用于a)将所述气化炉产生的粗合成气和来自所述氢气缓冲罐的氢气的混合气进行洗涤，得到的净合成气通入所述合成气反应单元进行合成气反应，或者，b)将所述气化炉产生的粗合成气进行洗涤，并将得到的洗涤合成气与来自所述氢气缓冲罐的氢气混合而得的调和合成气通入所述合成气反应单元进行合成气反应。The syngas scrubbing device communicates with the hydrogen buffer tank, the gasifier and the syngas reaction unit, and is used for a) performing a mixture of the crude syngas produced by the gasifier and the hydrogen from the hydrogen buffer tank. Washing, the obtained net syngas is passed into the syngas reaction unit for syngas reaction, or, b) washing the crude syngas produced by the gasifier, and combining the obtained washed syngas with hydrogen from the hydrogen The blended synthesis gas obtained by mixing the hydrogen in the buffer tank is passed into the synthesis gas reaction unit for synthesis gas reaction.
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，优选地，所述系统还包括设置在所述电解制氢装置和气化炉之间的氧气管缓冲罐，用于向所述气化炉通入氧气。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the system further comprises an oxygen pipe buffer tank arranged between the electrolytic hydrogen production device and the gasifier, for feeding oxygen into the gasifier.
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，优选地，所述氢气支路与所述氢气缓冲罐并联设置；所述氧气支路与所述氧气缓冲罐并联设置。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the hydrogen branch circuit is arranged in parallel with the hydrogen buffer tank; the oxygen branch circuit is arranged in parallel with the oxygen buffer tank.
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，优选地，所述氢气缓冲罐与所述电解制氢装置之间设有氢气压缩机；所述氢气缓冲罐与所述合成气洗涤装置之间的管线上设置有氢气流量调节阀。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, a hydrogen compressor is provided between the hydrogen buffer tank and the electrolytic hydrogen production device; the pipeline between the hydrogen buffer tank and the syngas scrubbing device A hydrogen flow regulating valve is arranged on the top.
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，优选地，所述氧气缓冲罐与所述电解制氢装置之间设有氧气压缩机；所述氧气缓冲罐与所述气化炉之间的管线上设置有氧气流量调节阀。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, an oxygen compressor is provided between the oxygen buffer tank and the electrolytic hydrogen production device; on the pipeline between the oxygen buffer tank and the gasifier An oxygen flow regulating valve is provided.
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，优选地，所述系统还包括与所述氢气缓冲罐并联设置的氢气支路，与所述氧气缓冲罐并联设置的氧气支路。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the system further comprises a hydrogen branch circuit arranged in parallel with the hydrogen buffer tank, and an oxygen branch circuit arranged in parallel with the oxygen buffer tank.
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，优选地，所述气化炉包括并联的煤气化炉和天然气气化炉。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the gasifier includes a parallel coal gasifier and a natural gas gasifier.
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，优选地，所述合成气反应包括但不限于甲醇合成、乙二醇合成、甲烷合成、费托合成等反应；所述合成气反应还包括将净合成气或调和合成气去除二氧化碳和硫化氢的预处理过程。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the synthesis gas reaction includes, but is not limited to, methanol synthesis, ethylene glycol synthesis, methane synthesis, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and other reactions; the synthesis gas reaction also includes the synthesis of net synthesis A pretreatment process for the removal of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from gas or blended syngas.
根据本发明第一种特别优选的实施方式，一种煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的合成气反应系统，如图1所示，该系统包括：新能源发电装置、气化炉、合成气洗涤装置、合成气反应单元、电解制氢装置、氢气缓冲罐、氧气管缓冲罐和电脑控制单元；其中，气化炉优选为煤-天然气共进料的气化炉，According to the first particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, a synthesis gas reaction system for co-gasification of coal and natural gas coupled with new energy, as shown in FIG. 1 , the system includes: a new energy power generation device, a gasifier, a synthesis gas washing device, synthesis gas reaction unit, electrolytic hydrogen production device, hydrogen buffer tank, oxygen pipe buffer tank and computer control unit; wherein, the gasifier is preferably a gasifier with coal-natural gas co-feeding,
所述电解制氢装置连通所述新能源发电装置、氢气缓冲罐，利用所述新能源发电装置产生的电将水进行电解，产生的氢气通入所述氢气缓冲罐；The electrolytic hydrogen production device is connected with the new energy power generation device and the hydrogen buffer tank, and the electricity generated by the new energy power generation device is used to electrolyze water, and the generated hydrogen is passed into the hydrogen buffer tank;
所述合成气洗涤装置连通所述氢气缓冲罐、气化炉和合成气反应单元，用于将所述气化炉产生的粗合成气和来自所述氢气缓冲罐的氢气的混合气进行洗涤，得到的净合成气通入所述合成气反应单元进行合成气反应；The syngas scrubbing device communicates with the hydrogen buffer tank, the gasifier and the syngas reaction unit, and is used for washing the crude syngas produced by the gasifier and the mixed gas of hydrogen from the hydrogen buffer tank, The obtained net syngas is passed into the syngas reaction unit for syngas reaction;
所述氧气管缓冲罐设置在所述电解制氢装置和气化炉之间的氧气管缓冲罐，用于向所述气化炉通入氧气；The oxygen pipe buffer tank is arranged in the oxygen pipe buffer tank between the electrolytic hydrogen production device and the gasifier, and is used for feeding oxygen into the gasifier;
所述氢气缓冲罐与所述电解制氢装置之间设有氢气压缩机；所述氢气缓冲罐与所述合成气洗涤装置之间的管线上设置有氢气流量调节阀；所述氧气缓冲罐与所述电解制氢装置之间设有氧气压缩机；所述氧气缓冲罐与所述气化炉之间的管线上设置有氧气流量调节阀。A hydrogen compressor is arranged between the hydrogen buffer tank and the electrolysis hydrogen production device; a hydrogen flow regulating valve is arranged on the pipeline between the hydrogen buffer tank and the synthesis gas washing device; the oxygen buffer tank is connected to the An oxygen compressor is arranged between the electrolytic hydrogen production devices; an oxygen flow regulating valve is arranged on the pipeline between the oxygen buffer tank and the gasifier.
更优选地，如图2所示，该系统还包括氢气支路和氧气支路，所述氢气支路与所述氢气缓冲罐并联设置；所述氧气支路与所述氧气缓冲罐并联设置。More preferably, as shown in FIG. 2 , the system further includes a hydrogen branch circuit and an oxygen branch circuit, the hydrogen branch circuit is arranged in parallel with the hydrogen buffer tank; the oxygen branch circuit is arranged in parallel with the oxygen buffer tank.
根据本发明第二种特别优选的实施方式，一种煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的合成气反应系统，如图3所示，该系统包括：新能源发电装置、气化炉、合成气洗涤装置、合成气反应单元、电解制氢装置、氢气缓冲罐、氧气管缓冲罐和电脑控制单元；其中，气化炉优选为煤-天然气共进料的气化炉，According to a second particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, a synthesis gas reaction system for co-gasification of coal and natural gas coupled with new energy, as shown in FIG. 3 , the system includes: a new energy power generation device, a gasifier, a synthesis gas washing device, synthesis gas reaction unit, electrolytic hydrogen production device, hydrogen buffer tank, oxygen pipe buffer tank and computer control unit; wherein, the gasifier is preferably a gasifier with coal-natural gas co-feeding,
所述电解制氢装置连通所述新能源发电装置、氢气缓冲罐，利用所述新能源发电装置产生的电将水进行电解，产生的氢气通入所述氢气缓冲罐；The electrolytic hydrogen production device is connected with the new energy power generation device and the hydrogen buffer tank, and the electricity generated by the new energy power generation device is used to electrolyze water, and the generated hydrogen is passed into the hydrogen buffer tank;
所述合成气洗涤装置连通所述氢气缓冲罐、气化炉和合成气反应单元，用于将所述气化炉产生的粗合成气进行洗涤，并将得到的洗涤合成气与来自所述氢气缓冲罐的氢气混合而得的调和合成气通入所述合成气反应单元进行合成气反应。优选地，该系统还包括设置在气化炉入口前的空分装置，用于从空气中分离出氧气，并将氧气送入气化炉中；The syngas scrubbing device communicates with the hydrogen buffer tank, the gasifier and the syngas reaction unit, and is used for washing the crude syngas produced by the gasifier, and combining the obtained washed syngas with the hydrogen from the hydrogen The blended synthesis gas obtained by mixing the hydrogen in the buffer tank is passed into the synthesis gas reaction unit for synthesis gas reaction. Preferably, the system further comprises an air separation device arranged before the inlet of the gasifier, for separating oxygen from the air and sending the oxygen into the gasifier;
所述氧气管缓冲罐设置在所述电解制氢装置和气化炉之间的氧气管缓冲罐，用于向所述气化炉通入氧气；The oxygen pipe buffer tank is arranged in the oxygen pipe buffer tank between the electrolytic hydrogen production device and the gasifier, and is used for feeding oxygen into the gasifier;
所述氢气缓冲罐与所述电解制氢装置之间设有氢气压缩机；所述氢气缓冲罐与所述合成气洗涤装置之间的管线上设置有氢气流量调节阀；所述氧气缓冲罐与所述电解制氢装置之间设有氧气压缩机；所述氧气缓冲罐与所述气化炉之间的管线上设置有氧气流量调节阀。A hydrogen compressor is arranged between the hydrogen buffer tank and the electrolysis hydrogen production device; a hydrogen flow regulating valve is arranged on the pipeline between the hydrogen buffer tank and the synthesis gas washing device; the oxygen buffer tank is connected to the An oxygen compressor is arranged between the electrolytic hydrogen production devices; an oxygen flow regulating valve is arranged on the pipeline between the oxygen buffer tank and the gasifier.
更优选地，该系统还包括空分装置，与气化炉连通，用于从空气中分离出氧气送入气化炉中，当新能源发电装置供电不足导致电解制氢装置无法产生足够的氧气时，启动空分装置为气化炉提供足量的氧气。More preferably, the system also includes an air separation unit, which is communicated with the gasifier, and is used to separate oxygen from the air and send it to the gasifier. When the power supply of the new energy power generation device is insufficient, the electrolytic hydrogen production device cannot produce enough oxygen. , start the air separation unit to provide sufficient oxygen for the gasifier.
更优选地，如图4所示，该系统还包括氢气支路和氧气支路，所述氢气支路与所述氢气缓冲罐并联设置；所述氧气支路与所述氧气缓冲罐并联设置。More preferably, as shown in FIG. 4 , the system further includes a hydrogen branch circuit and an oxygen branch circuit, the hydrogen branch circuit is arranged in parallel with the hydrogen buffer tank; the oxygen branch circuit is arranged in parallel with the oxygen buffer tank.
本发明第二方面提供一种煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的合成气反应方法，采用上述煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的合成气反应系统，包括以下步骤：A second aspect of the present invention provides a synthesis gas reaction method for co-gasification of coal and natural gas coupled with new energy sources. The above-mentioned synthesis gas reaction system for co-gasification of coal and natural gas coupled with new energy sources includes the following steps:
将水煤浆或煤粉、天然气、氧气和水蒸汽通入所述系统中的气化炉进行气化，通过调节天然气的输入量得到满足预设H2/CO比值的粗合成气；Passing coal-water slurry or pulverized coal, natural gas, oxygen and water vapor into the gasifier in the system for gasification, and by adjusting the input amount of natural gas, the crude synthesis gas satisfying the preset H2 /CO ratio is obtained;
将来自所述系统的新能源发电装置的电用于所述系统的电解制氢装置进行电解水产生氢气；所述电解水产生氧气，并将所述氧气通入所述气化炉用于所述气化；The electricity from the new energy power generation device of the system is used for the electrolysis hydrogen production device of the system to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen; the electrolyzed water generates oxygen, and the oxygen is passed into the gasifier for all gasification;
控制所述氢气与所述粗合成气混合，得到满足目标需求的混合气并进行洗涤得到净合成气用于合成气反应；或者，将所述粗合成气进行洗涤得到洗涤合成气，再与所述氢气混合，得到满足目标要求的调和合成气并进行合成气反应；其中，Controlling the mixing of the hydrogen and the crude syngas to obtain a mixed gas that meets the target requirements and washing to obtain a net syngas for the syngas reaction; or, washing the crude syngas to obtain a washed syngas, which is then mixed with the The hydrogen is mixed to obtain the blended synthesis gas that meets the target requirements and the synthesis gas reaction is carried out; wherein,
所述方法不包括变换反应过程。The method does not include a shift reaction process.
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，优选地，所述方法还包括：将所述氢气进行存储，再以预设流量输出并与所述粗合成气混合或与所述洗涤合成气混合。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the method further comprises: storing the hydrogen, and then outputting it at a preset flow rate and mixing with the raw syngas or mixing with the scrubbed syngas.
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，优选地，所述方法还包括：根据氢气的输出流量和所述粗合成气的预设H2/CO比值反向确定天然气、水蒸气和氧气的流量。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the method further comprises: inversely determining the flow rates of natural gas, water vapor and oxygen according to the output flow rate of hydrogen and the preset H2 /CO ratio of the crude synthesis gas .
煤炭碳多氢少，天然气氢多碳少。煤气化粗合成气氢碳比(H2/CO)一般接近1，天然气气化合成气氢碳比一般在3.5以上。以煤、天然气共气化为基础，通过调节煤、天然气、氧气、蒸汽等反应介质的流量等反应条件，可以根据绿氢的输出量灵活地调节出口粗合成气氢碳比。基于此，可以适应性地解决风光电-电解制氢耦合煤化工存在的波动性、间歇性的问题。Coal has more carbon and less hydrogen, and natural gas has more hydrogen and less carbon. The hydrogen-to-carbon ratio (H2 /CO) of crude coal gasification synthesis gas is generally close to 1, and the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of natural gas gasification synthesis gas is generally above 3.5. Based on the co-gasification of coal and natural gas, by adjusting the reaction conditions such as the flow rate of coal, natural gas, oxygen, steam and other reaction media, the hydrogen-carbon ratio of the crude synthesis gas at the outlet can be flexibly adjusted according to the output of green hydrogen. Based on this, the fluctuating and intermittent problems of the wind-photovoltaic-electrolytic hydrogen production coupled coal chemical industry can be solved adaptively.
实施例1Example 1
一种煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的合成气反应系统，如图1所示，该系统包括：新能源发电装置、气化炉、合成气洗涤装置、合成气反应单元、电解制氢装置、氢气缓冲罐、氧气管缓冲罐和电脑控制单元；其中，气化炉优选为煤-天然气共进料的气化炉，A synthesis gas reaction system for coal and natural gas co-gasification coupled with new energy, as shown in Figure 1, the system includes: a new energy power generation device, a gasifier, a synthesis gas scrubbing device, a synthesis gas reaction unit, and an electrolysis hydrogen production device , hydrogen buffer tank, oxygen pipe buffer tank and computer control unit; wherein, the gasifier is preferably a coal-natural gas co-feed gasifier,
所述电解制氢装置连通所述新能源发电装置、氢气缓冲罐，利用所述新能源发电装置产生的电将水进行电解，产生的氢气通入所述氢气缓冲罐；The electrolytic hydrogen production device is connected with the new energy power generation device and the hydrogen buffer tank, and the electricity generated by the new energy power generation device is used to electrolyze water, and the generated hydrogen is passed into the hydrogen buffer tank;
所述合成气洗涤装置连通所述氢气缓冲罐、气化炉和合成气反应单元，用于将所述气化炉产生的粗合成气和来自所述氢气缓冲罐的氢气的混合气进行洗涤，得到的净合成气通入所述合成气反应单元进行合成气反应；The syngas scrubbing device communicates with the hydrogen buffer tank, the gasifier and the syngas reaction unit, and is used for washing the crude syngas produced by the gasifier and the mixed gas of hydrogen from the hydrogen buffer tank, The obtained net syngas is passed into the syngas reaction unit for syngas reaction;
所述氧气管缓冲罐设置在所述电解制氢装置和气化炉之间的氧气管缓冲罐，用于向所述气化炉通入氧气；The oxygen pipe buffer tank is arranged in the oxygen pipe buffer tank between the electrolytic hydrogen production device and the gasifier, and is used for feeding oxygen into the gasifier;
所述氢气缓冲罐与所述电解制氢装置之间设有氢气压缩机；所述氢气缓冲罐与所述合成气洗涤装置之间的管线上设置有氢气流量调节阀；所述氧气缓冲罐与所述电解制氢装置之间设有氧气压缩机；所述氧气缓冲罐与所述气化炉之间的管线上设置有氧气流量调节阀。A hydrogen compressor is arranged between the hydrogen buffer tank and the electrolysis hydrogen production device; a hydrogen flow regulating valve is arranged on the pipeline between the hydrogen buffer tank and the synthesis gas washing device; the oxygen buffer tank is connected to the An oxygen compressor is arranged between the electrolytic hydrogen production devices; an oxygen flow regulating valve is arranged on the pipeline between the oxygen buffer tank and the gasifier.
一种煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的费托合成方法，基于上述系统，包括以下步骤：去离子水在新能源电力作用下，通过电解制氢装置进行电解水产生氢气和氧气。氢气进入氢气缓冲罐，氢气缓冲罐内氢气储量根据温度、压力由电脑控制单元进行反算。根据氢气输入量和氢气缓冲罐内氢气储量设定氢气输出量。氢气的输出流量一般设成日间平均小时输出量，并保持相对稳定，以避免共气化炉操作条件的频繁波动。保证出洗涤塔(即合成气洗涤装置)合成气H2/CO比满足下游单元的需求。根据绿氢输出量反算气化炉出口净合成气组成及流量，并进而确定进气化炉煤(包括水煤浆和/或煤粉)、天然气、蒸汽、氧气等介质的流量。根据氧气输入量和氧气缓冲罐内氧气储量设定氧气输出量。出氧气缓冲罐氧气流量设定后保持相对稳定，进气化炉总氧气的流量确定后，调节出空分装置氧气的量，以保证进气化炉氧气流量达到设定值。绿氢与粗合成气汇合位置优先考虑在洗涤塔之前，一来可以避免对后续装置操作波动性的影响，二来可以给粗合成气预降温。混合后的粗合成气进入洗涤塔降温，降温后的粗合成气检测H2/CO比以确保满足下游要求。出气化炉黑水和出洗涤塔灰水，滤出灰渣排出装置。A Fischer-Tropsch synthesis method for coal and natural gas co-gasification coupled with new energy, based on the above system, comprising the following steps: deionized water is electrolyzed by an electrolysis hydrogen production device under the action of new energy power to generate hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen enters the hydrogen buffer tank, and the hydrogen storage in the hydrogen buffer tank is back-calculated by the computer control unit according to the temperature and pressure. Set the hydrogen output according to the hydrogen input and the hydrogen storage in the hydrogen buffer tank. The output flow of hydrogen is generally set to the average hourly output during the day, and is kept relatively stable to avoid frequent fluctuations in the operating conditions of the co-gasifier. Ensure that the synthesis gas H2 /CO ratio at the outgoing scrubber (ie, the synthesis gas scrubbing device) meets the requirements of the downstream unit. According to the output of green hydrogen, the composition and flow of the net syngas at the gasifier outlet are calculated back, and then the flow of coal (including coal-water slurry and/or pulverized coal), natural gas, steam, oxygen and other media into the gasifier is determined. The oxygen output is set according to the oxygen input and the oxygen storage in the oxygen buffer tank. After setting, the oxygen flow rate of the oxygen buffer tank remains relatively stable. After the total oxygen flow rate of the inlet gasifier is determined, adjust the oxygen amount of the outlet air separation unit to ensure that the oxygen flow rate of the gas inlet gasifier reaches the set value. The confluence position of green hydrogen and crude syngas is prioritized before the scrubber, which can avoid the impact on the operation fluctuation of subsequent units, and can pre-cool the crude syngas. The mixed crude syngas enters the scrubber for cooling, and the cooled crude syngas is tested for H2 /CO ratio to ensure that the downstream requirements are met. The black water of the gasifier and the ash water of the washing tower are discharged, and the ash and slag are filtered out of the discharge device.
示例性地，基于本实施例煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的费托合成方法，以1000MW光电耦合60万吨/年煤制烯烃为例，运行模式简述如下。电解制氢装置1中设置200个1000Nm3/h，根据光电输入功率，自动调节开停数量(理论上可调节负荷范围0.5-100％)，以保持较高的能量利用效率。出电解制氢装置1的氢气、氧气压缩至约9MPaG后分别进入氢气缓冲罐3、氧气缓冲罐5。氢气压缩机2、氧气压缩机4均采用变频型，可根据产气量自动调节功率。氢气缓冲罐5(储氢能力假定36吨)输出氢气按照满负荷的0％、20％、40％、60％、80％、100％六个模式，氢气缓冲罐3、氧气缓冲罐5输出模式的设置主要是避免气化炉6操作条件、进料调节阀的频繁变动，简化操作。正常情况下，输出流量参照日间平均产氢负荷保持不变。储氢/储氧能力、操作模式可以根据实际情况变动。压缩后的氢气按照操作模式经调节阀调节流量，去往合成气洗涤塔(即合成气洗涤装置7)入口，与出气化炉6的粗合成气汇合后进入合成气洗涤塔。根据绿氢的输出流量确定气化炉操作条件。气化炉6采用煤/天然气共进料气化炉，控制氧气、煤、天然气、水等的进料量，进而控制出气化炉粗合成气的H2/CO比，匹配性的适应氢气缓冲罐3的输出模式，保证进入洗涤塔合成气H2/CO比满足下游单元的需求。Exemplarily, based on the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis method of coal and natural gas co-gasification coupled with new energy in this embodiment, taking 1000MW photoelectric coupling 600,000 tons/year coal-to-olefins as an example, the operation mode is briefly described as follows. 200 units of 1000Nm3 /h are set in the electrolytic
与采用分别设置、分开进料气化方式相比，共进料气化炉操作条件波动较小。以60万吨/年煤制烯烃为例，极端条件下，煤气化只提供甲醇合成所需一氧化碳，不足的氢气全由电解制氢装置提供，此时电解制氢流量217600Nm3/h，气化装置煤耗175.4t/h，气化炉产生的有效气量合计27.9万Nm3/h；另一极端条件下，电解制氢装置完全不提供氢气，此时气化装置煤耗83t/h，天然气消耗12.9万Nm3/h，气化炉内有效气量49.5万Nm3/h。从有效气量的角度讲，炉内负荷变动为56.3-100％；从煤耗量的角度讲，负荷变动为47.3-100％。考虑到在有气体缓冲罐的情况下可实现有限模式操作(按照上述四个模式)，从有效气量的角度讲，负荷变动为68-100％；煤气化喷嘴流量负荷变动范围55-100％。在多种新能源供给(例如风光互补)的情况下，气化炉操作条件波动的范围更小。Compared with the gasification method with separate setting and separate feed, the operating conditions of the co-feed gasifier fluctuate less. Taking 600,000 tons/year coal- to-olefins as an example, under extreme conditions, coal gasification only provides the carbon monoxide required for methanol synthesis, and the insufficient hydrogen is all provided by the electrolysis hydrogen production unit. The coal consumption of the device is 175.4t/h, and the total effective gas generated by the gasifier is 279,000 Nm3 /h; under the other extreme conditions, the electrolytic hydrogen production device does not supply hydrogen at all, at this time, the coal consumption of the gasification device is 83t/h, and the natural gas consumption is 12.9 10,000 Nm3 /h, and the effective gas volume in the gasifier is 495,000 Nm3 /h. From the perspective of effective gas volume, the load variation in the furnace is 56.3-100%; from the perspective of coal consumption, the load variation is 47.3-100%. Considering that limited mode operation (according to the above four modes) can be achieved in the presence of a gas buffer tank, from the perspective of effective gas volume, the load variation is 68-100%; the coal gasification nozzle flow load variation range is 55-100%. In the case of multiple new energy supplies (eg wind-solar hybrids), the range of fluctuations in gasifier operating conditions is smaller.
本发明也适用于煤气化炉、天然气气化炉分开设置的情况。这种情况下，对负荷变动容忍度相比煤、天然气共气化的方式更低，操作空间相对较小。The present invention is also applicable to the case where the coal gasifier and the natural gas gasifier are installed separately. In this case, the tolerance to load fluctuation is lower than that of coal and natural gas co-gasification, and the operating space is relatively small.
实施例2Example 2
本实施例的煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的合成气反应系统与实施例1的系统相同，区别在于，如图2所示，该系统还包括氢气支路和氧气支路，所述氢气支路与所述氢气缓冲罐并联设置；所述氧气支路与所述氧气缓冲罐并联设置。The coal and natural gas co-gasification coupling new energy synthesis gas reaction system in this embodiment is the same as the system in
基于上述系统，本实施例与实施例1的煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的费托合成方法相同，区别在于，当气体输出高于系统平均负荷时，关闭氢气缓冲罐和氧气缓冲罐的出储气罐流量调节阀，调节入储气罐流量调节阀，起到“削峰”作用；在气体输出低于平均负荷时，关闭氢气缓冲罐和氧气缓冲罐的入储气罐流量调节阀，调节出储气罐流量调节阀，起到“填谷”作用。简而言之，通过调节进入/离开储罐的气体量，对主流路上绿氢、绿氧的输出量进行调整，对于波动性大的新能源绿氢、绿氧起到“削峰填谷”的作用。Based on the above system, this embodiment is the same as the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis method of coal and natural gas co-gasification coupled with new energy in
实施例3Example 3
本实施例的煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的系统与实施例1的系统相同，区别在于，如图3所示，所述合成气洗涤装置连通所述氢气缓冲罐、气化炉和合成气反应单元，用于将所述气化炉产生的粗合成气进行洗涤，并将得到的洗涤合成气与来自所述氢气缓冲罐的氢气混合而得的调和合成气通入所述合成气反应单元进行合成气反应。优选地，该系统还包括设置在气化炉入口前的空分装置，用于从空气中分离出氧气，并将氧气送入气化炉中。The system for coupling new energy by co-gasification of coal and natural gas in this embodiment is the same as the system in
实施例4Example 4
本实施例的煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的合成气反应系统与实施例2的系统相同，区别在于，如图4所示，所述合成气洗涤装置连通所述氢气缓冲罐、气化炉和合成气反应单元，用于将所述气化炉产生的粗合成气进行洗涤，并将得到的洗涤合成气与来自所述氢气缓冲罐的氢气混合而得的调和合成气通入所述合成气反应单元进行合成气反应。The coal and natural gas co-gasification coupling new energy synthesis gas reaction system in this embodiment is the same as the system in
采用本发明的煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的合成气反应系统可以灵活性地适应不同的绿氢输出负荷。180万吨/年甲醇合成装置所需合成气中氢气流量约34万Nm3/h，一氧化碳流量约15万Nm3/h，在该场景下不同绿氢输出负荷下，煤、天然气共气化炉天然气、氧气、水、煤进料量如表1所示。The synthesis gas reaction system using the coal and natural gas co-gasification coupled with new energy sources of the present invention can flexibly adapt to different green hydrogen output loads. The hydrogen flow in the synthesis gas required by the 1.8 million tons/year methanol synthesis unit is about 340,000 Nm3/h, and the carbon monoxide flow is about 150,000 Nm3/h. Under different green hydrogen output loads in this scenario, coal and natural gas co-gasifier natural gas , oxygen, water, coal feed amount is shown in table 1.
表1不同绿氢输出负荷下煤、天然气共气化炉进料(180万吨/年甲醇合成)Table 1 Co-gasifier feed of coal and natural gas under different green hydrogen output loads (1.8 million tons/year methanol synthesis)
注：煤炭元素氢碳比为0.8；Note: The hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of coal elements is 0.8;
由表1数据可知，本发明所述的系统和方法在新能源电力无输出和全负荷输出条件下都能够稳定输出满足下游氢碳比要求的合成气。该系统及利用该系统的方法可以灵活性地接纳新能源生产的绿氢，可以适应性地解决风光电-电解制氢耦合煤化工存在的波动性、间歇性的问题。It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that the system and method of the present invention can stably output synthesis gas that meets the downstream hydrogen-carbon ratio requirements under the conditions of no output of new energy power and full-load output. The system and the method using the system can flexibly accept green hydrogen produced by new energy sources, and can adaptively solve the problems of volatility and intermittency existing in wind-electricity-electrolysis-hydrogen-producing coupled coal chemical industry.
综上所述，针对新能源输出的波动性与煤化工装置运行稳定性要求之间的矛盾，本发明提出的煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的合成气反应系统，可以灵活性地接纳新能源生产的绿氢，维持稳定生产，避免能量二次转化损失，显著降低煤化工装置碳排放和投资，并为新能源发电的大规模建设提供支撑。采用本发明煤与天然气共气化耦合新能源的合成气反应系统，以60万吨/年煤制烯烃装置耦合100万kW光伏制氢为例，按照光伏发电等效满负荷时数1300h计算，每年可减少二氧化碳排放约50万吨。本发明可通过电解制氢副产氧气，可降低空分装置规模，降低其投资。To sum up, in view of the contradiction between the volatility of new energy output and the operational stability requirements of coal chemical plants, the coal and natural gas co-gasification coupling new energy synthesis gas reaction system proposed by the present invention can flexibly accept new energy sources. The green hydrogen produced by energy can maintain stable production, avoid secondary energy conversion losses, significantly reduce carbon emissions and investment in coal chemical plants, and provide support for the large-scale construction of new energy power generation. Using the coal and natural gas co-gasification coupling new energy synthesis gas reaction system of the present invention, taking a 600,000-ton/year coal-to-olefins plant coupled with 1 million kW photovoltaic hydrogen production as an example, and calculating according to the equivalent full-load hours of photovoltaic power generation 1300h, It can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about 500,000 tons per year. The invention can produce oxygen by-producing hydrogen by electrolysis, and can reduce the scale and investment of the air separation device.
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不限于此。在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型，但这些简单变型和组合同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容，均属于本发明的保护范围。The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, but these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in the present invention, and belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
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