CN114732443A - Clinical diagnosis sampling device that uses of gastroenterology - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开了一种消化内科临床用诊断取样装置，包括：内管，所述内管的外侧设有外管，所述外管与内管之间设有气流通过的气道；取样机构，所述取样机构安装在外管外侧，所述取样机构与外管连通，所述取样机构被充气后膨胀后在食道内刮擦，使得食道脱落细胞被收集；充气机构，所述充气机构安装在内管与外管的端部，所述充气机构将气体冲入取样机构内；阶段调节机构，所述阶段调节机构安装在外管与内管之间，本发明可以通过单个气囊可以在患者食道不同位置分阶段分别取样，方便确定病灶的具体位置，充气机构保持气囊充起的前提下，减小与患者食道内壁的摩擦阻力，减小患者食道黏膜破损的可能性，方便患者较为舒适的取样。

The invention discloses a clinical diagnostic sampling device for gastroenterology, comprising: an inner tube, an outer tube is arranged on the outer side of the inner tube, and an air passage through which airflow passes is arranged between the outer tube and the inner tube; a sampling mechanism, The sampling mechanism is installed on the outer side of the outer tube, the sampling mechanism is communicated with the outer tube, the sampling mechanism is inflated and then inflated and scraped in the esophagus, so that the esophagus exfoliated cells are collected; the inflation mechanism, the inflation mechanism is installed inside the esophagus. The end of the tube and the outer tube, the inflating mechanism flushes the gas into the sampling mechanism; the stage adjustment mechanism, the stage adjustment mechanism is installed between the outer tube and the inner tube, the present invention can use a single air bag to be in different positions of the patient's esophagus Sampling in stages is convenient to determine the specific location of the lesion. On the premise that the inflation mechanism keeps the airbag inflated, the frictional resistance with the inner wall of the patient's esophagus is reduced, the possibility of damage to the patient's esophageal mucosa is reduced, and the patient is more comfortable sampling.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种消化内科临床用诊断取样装置A diagnostic sampling device for clinical use in gastroenterology

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，具体为一种消化内科临床用诊断取样装置。The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a clinical diagnostic sampling device for gastroenterology.

背景技术Background technique

消化内科是研究食管、胃、小肠、大肠、肝、胆及胰腺等疾病为主要内容的临床三级学科。消化内科疾病种类繁多，医学知识面广，操作复杂而精细。Gastroenterology is a three-level clinical discipline that studies diseases of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder and pancreas. Gastroenterology has a wide variety of diseases, a wide range of medical knowledge, and complex and delicate operations.

消化内科在诊断时需要对患者血液、尿液、粪便或者组织细胞取样后化验并分析，从而确定患者的病灶位置及病因，在对患者食道脱落细胞取样时，通常采用拉网采集细胞学检查法对患者食道细胞取样，也就是将一长65厘米、直径0.25厘米的双腔树胶管(在顶端附着带网气囊)从口腔缓缓送入胃内，充气20～30毫升(视病人情况而定)，徐徐向外拉，随时调节充气量，使网既能通过又能充分与食管壁摩擦，网囊取出后，将网囊表面的擦取物涂片、固定、染色后，就可以在光学显微镜下进行观察了，但是，网囊在食管内摩擦过程中，运动的行程较大，只能粗略的确定病灶的大概区域，需要重复多次的检查以确定病灶的具体位置，操作过程较为繁琐，不方便医生的操作，患者的食管反复摩擦可能造成患者食管位置黏膜破损，患者较为不适，为此，我们提出一种消化内科临床用诊断取样装置。The gastroenterology department needs to sample blood, urine, feces or tissue cells of the patient for testing and analysis during diagnosis, so as to determine the location and cause of the patient's lesions. When sampling the exfoliated cells of the patient's esophagus, the method of pulling net collection cytology is usually used. Sampling the patient's esophagus cells, that is, a double-lumen rubber tube with a length of 65 cm and a diameter of 0.25 cm (with a mesh balloon attached to the top) is slowly sent into the stomach from the mouth, and inflated 20-30 ml (depending on the patient's condition) ), slowly pull out, adjust the inflation volume at any time, so that the mesh can pass through and fully rub against the esophagus wall. It was observed under an optical microscope. However, during the friction process of the mesh sac in the esophagus, the movement stroke is relatively large, and the approximate area of the lesion can only be roughly determined. Repeated inspections are required to determine the specific location of the lesion. The operation process is relatively It is cumbersome and inconvenient for doctors to operate. Repeated friction of the patient's esophagus may cause damage to the mucosa of the patient's esophagus, making the patient uncomfortable. For this reason, we propose a clinical diagnostic sampling device for gastroenterology.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的在于提供一种消化内科临床用诊断取样装置，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a clinical diagnostic sampling device for gastroenterology to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种消化内科临床用诊断取样装置，包括：In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a clinical diagnostic sampling device for gastroenterology, comprising:

内管，所述内管的外侧设有外管，所述外管与内管之间设有气流通过的气道；an inner tube, an outer tube is arranged on the outer side of the inner tube, and an air passage for air flow is arranged between the outer tube and the inner tube;

取样机构，所述取样机构安装在外管外侧，所述取样机构与外管连通，所述取样机构被充气后膨胀后在食道内刮擦，使得食道脱落细胞被收集；a sampling mechanism, the sampling mechanism is installed on the outside of the outer tube, the sampling mechanism is communicated with the outer tube, and the sampling mechanism is inflated and inflated and then scraped in the esophagus, so that the esophagus exfoliated cells are collected;

充气机构，所述充气机构安装在内管与外管的端部，所述充气机构将气体冲入取样机构内；an inflation mechanism, the inflation mechanism is installed at the ends of the inner tube and the outer tube, and the inflation mechanism flushes the gas into the sampling mechanism;

阶段调节机构，所述阶段调节机构安装在外管与内管之间，所述阶段调节机构在取样机构取样时，使得取样机构分别取样食道不同位置。A stage adjustment mechanism, the stage adjustment mechanism is installed between the outer tube and the inner tube, and the stage adjustment mechanism enables the sampling mechanism to sample different positions of the esophagus respectively when the sampling mechanism is sampling.

优选的，所述取样机构包括安装在外管一侧的气囊，所述气囊与气道内部连通，所述气囊的顶部设有多个对患者食道刮擦的刮擦环，每个所述刮擦环的一侧设有对刮擦后刮擦环封闭的密封环，所述密封环与刮擦环均与气囊固定连接。Preferably, the sampling mechanism includes an airbag installed on one side of the outer tube, the airbag communicates with the interior of the airway, and a plurality of scraping rings for scraping the patient's esophagus are arranged on the top of the airbag, and each of the scraping rings One side of the ring is provided with a sealing ring that closes the scraping ring after scraping, and both the sealing ring and the scraping ring are fixedly connected with the airbag.

优选的，所述阶段调节机构包括安装在外管外侧的推动环，所述推动环的一侧位于气囊的外侧，所述内管的内部设有拉绳，所述拉绳的一端与推动环固定连接，所述拉绳穿过内管延伸至内管的外侧，所述气囊的内部设有多个将气囊分隔的分隔板，每个所述分隔板上均设有将气体传递的压紧板，所述外管表面设有多个气孔，所述外管位于每个气孔之间均设有隔断板，所述外管内设有连通孔，所述连通孔的一侧设有对连通孔密封的封板。Preferably, the stage adjustment mechanism includes a push ring installed on the outer side of the outer tube, one side of the push ring is located at the outer side of the airbag, the inner tube is provided with a pull rope, and one end of the pull rope is fixed with the push ring connection, the drawstring extends through the inner tube to the outside of the inner tube, the interior of the airbag is provided with a plurality of partition plates that separate the airbag, and each of the partition plates is provided with a pressure for transmitting the gas. The surface of the outer tube is provided with a plurality of air holes, the outer tube is provided with a partition plate between each air hole, the outer tube is provided with a communication hole, and one side of the communication hole is provided with a pair of communication holes. Hole-sealed cover plate.

优选的，所述隔断板与压紧板之间通过连接杆连接，所述压紧板与分隔板紧密贴合，所述隔断板位于内管的内壁。Preferably, the partition plate and the pressing plate are connected by connecting rods, the pressing plate and the partition plate are closely attached, and the partition plate is located on the inner wall of the inner tube.

优选的，所述充气机构包括安装在外管一端的套筒，所述套筒的一侧设有与外部气压泵连通的气管，所述套筒的一侧设有连接筒，所述连接筒的内部滑动连接有活塞，所述活塞的端部设有贯穿连接筒的活塞杆，所述连接筒与活塞之间设有弹簧。Preferably, the inflation mechanism includes a sleeve installed at one end of the outer tube, one side of the sleeve is provided with an air pipe communicating with an external air pressure pump, one side of the sleeve is provided with a connecting cylinder, and the connecting cylinder is A piston is slidably connected inside, the end of the piston is provided with a piston rod which penetrates the connecting cylinder, and a spring is arranged between the connecting cylinder and the piston.

优选的，所述活塞杆的顶部设有金属盘，所述连接筒的顶部设有金属环，所述金属盘与金属环之间与外部充气设备电性连接。Preferably, a metal disk is provided on the top of the piston rod, and a metal ring is provided on the top of the connecting cylinder, and the metal disk and the metal ring are electrically connected to an external inflatable device.

优选的，所述刮擦环向医护人员手持端方向倾斜，所述密封环的外径小于刮擦环的内径，所述密封环的横截面呈倾斜状。Preferably, the scraping ring is inclined toward the hand-held end of the medical staff, the outer diameter of the sealing ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the scraping ring, and the cross section of the sealing ring is inclined.

优选的，所述外管的外部设有对拉绳收卷并将取样机构从食道内抽出的收卷机构，所述收卷机构包括用于医护人员手持的框架，所述框架的内部设有收卷筒，所述收卷筒将拉绳缠绕。Preferably, the outside of the outer tube is provided with a rewinding mechanism for rewinding the drawstring and withdrawing the sampling mechanism from the esophagus, the rewinding mechanism includes a frame for medical staff to hold, and the inside of the frame is provided with A take-up reel wraps the drawstring.

优选的，所述外管的一侧设有连接绳，所述收卷筒包括用于拉绳收卷的收卷部一，所述收卷部一的两侧设有两个对连接绳收卷的收卷部二，所述收卷部二的外径为收卷部一外径的两倍。Preferably, one side of the outer tube is provided with a connecting rope, the reeling drum includes a reeling part 1 for pulling the rope, and two pairs of connecting rope reels are arranged on both sides of the reeling part 1 The second winding part of the roll, the outer diameter of the second winding part is twice the outer diameter of the first winding part.

本发明至少存在以下有益效果：The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

通过取样机构对食道表面刮擦并取样脱落细胞，通过充气机构在气囊膨胀或者萎缩时对其放气或充气，通过阶段调节机构对食道不同位置使用气囊的不同位置取样，取样相对应，相对于现有技术中，网囊在食管内摩擦过程中，运动的行程较大，只能粗略的确定病灶的大概区域，需要重复多次的检查以确定病灶的具体位置，操作过程较为繁琐，不方便医生的操作，患者的食管反复摩擦可能造成患者食管位置黏膜破损，患者较为不适，本发明可以通过单个气囊可以在患者食道不同位置分阶段分别取样，方便确定病灶的具体位置，充气机构保持气囊充起的前提下，减小与患者食道内壁的摩擦阻力，减小患者食道黏膜破损的可能性，方便患者较为舒适的取样。Scrape the surface of the esophagus and sample exfoliated cells through the sampling mechanism, deflate or inflate the air bag when it expands or shrinks through the inflation mechanism, and use the stage adjustment mechanism to sample different positions of the esophagus using the air bag. In the prior art, during the friction process of the mesh bag in the esophagus, the movement stroke is relatively large, and the approximate area of the lesion can only be roughly determined. Repeated inspections are required to determine the specific location of the lesion, and the operation process is cumbersome and inconvenient. In the operation of the doctor, repeated friction of the patient's esophagus may cause the mucosa of the patient's esophagus to be damaged, and the patient is relatively uncomfortable. The present invention can use a single air bag to take samples at different positions of the patient's esophagus in stages, which is convenient for determining the specific location of the lesion, and the inflation mechanism keeps the air bag inflated. On the premise of starting, reduce the frictional resistance with the inner wall of the patient's esophagus, reduce the possibility of damage to the patient's esophagus mucosa, and facilitate the patient to take more comfortable sampling.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

图2为本发明另一视角结构示意图；2 is a schematic structural diagram of another viewing angle of the present invention;

图3为本发明取样机构结构图；Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of sampling mechanism of the present invention;

图4为本发明取样机构局部剖视图；4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the sampling mechanism of the present invention;

图5为本发明外管局部剖视图；5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the outer tube of the present invention;

图6为本发明内管局部剖视图；6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the inner tube of the present invention;

图7为本发明充气机构局部爆炸图；Fig. 7 is a partial exploded view of the inflation mechanism of the present invention;

图8为本发明充气机构与收卷机构结构图；8 is a structural diagram of the inflating mechanism and the winding mechanism of the present invention;

图9为本发明气囊与推动环运动行程图。FIG. 9 is a movement stroke diagram of the airbag and the push ring according to the present invention.

图中：1-内管；2-外管；3-取样机构；31-气囊；32-刮擦环；33-密封环；4-充气机构；41-套筒；42-气管；43-连接筒；44-活塞；45-活塞杆；46-金属盘；47-金属环；5-阶段调节机构；51-推动环；52-拉绳；53-分隔板；54-压紧板；55-隔断板；56-封板；57-连接杆；6-收卷机构；61-框架；62-收卷筒；621-收卷部一；622-收卷部二；63-连接绳。In the figure: 1-inner tube; 2-outer tube; 3-sampling mechanism; 31-airbag; 32-scraping ring; 33-seal ring; 4-inflating mechanism; 41-sleeve; 42-trachea; 43-connection Cylinder; 44-piston; 45-piston rod; 46-metal disc; 47-metal ring; 5-stage adjustment mechanism; 51-push ring; 52-pull rope; 53-partition plate; 54-press plate; 55 - partition board; 56 - sealing plate; 57 - connecting rod; 6 - winding mechanism; 61 - frame; 62 - winding drum; 621 - winding section one; 622 - winding section two; 63 - connecting rope.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

请参阅图1-9，本发明提供一种技术方案：一种消化内科临床用诊断取样装置，包括：1-9, the present invention provides a technical solution: a clinical diagnostic sampling device for gastroenterology, including:

内管1，所述内管1的外侧设有外管2，所述外管2与内管1之间设有气流通过的气道，外管2与内管1固定连接，外管2与内管1均插入患者食道内；Inner tube 1, the outer side of the inner tube 1 is provided with anouter tube 2, an air passage through which airflow passes between theouter tube 2 and the inner tube 1, theouter tube 2 and the inner tube 1 are fixedly connected, and theouter tube 2 and the inner tube 1 are fixedly connected. Inner tube 1 is inserted into the patient's esophagus;

取样机构3，所述取样机构3安装在外管2外侧，所述取样机构3与外管2连通，所述取样机构3被充气后膨胀后在食道内刮擦，使得食道脱落细胞被收集，取样机构3在患者食道刮擦时，会将患者食道不同位置脱落细胞分别收集并保存，减小食道不同位置脱落细胞相互混合的可能性，进而可以较为方便在化验后较为准确的确定患者病灶位置，以方便后续的治疗；Sampling mechanism 3, thesampling mechanism 3 is installed on the outside of theouter tube 2, thesampling mechanism 3 is communicated with theouter tube 2, thesampling mechanism 3 is inflated and inflated and then scraped in the esophagus, so that the esophagus exfoliated cells are collected and sampled When the patient's esophagus is scraped, theinstitution 3 will collect and store the exfoliated cells from different positions of the patient's esophagus separately, which reduces the possibility of mixing the exfoliated cells in different positions of the esophagus, so that it is more convenient to more accurately determine the location of the patient's lesion after the test. to facilitate subsequent treatment;

充气机构4，所述充气机构4安装在内管1与外管2的端部，所述充气机构4将气体冲入取样机构3内，充气机构4对内管1与外管2之间的气道充气，将气体冲入取样机构3内，进而取样机构3膨胀后抵紧食道，充气机构4方便提供较为稳定的气压，方便取样机构3在患者食道为刮擦，而且充气机构4可以根据取样机构3与食道之间的挤压力自动调节取样机构3的膨胀程度，在食道较为狭窄时放出部分气体，在食道较为宽阔时冲入部分气体；The inflation mechanism 4 is installed at the ends of the inner tube 1 and theouter tube 2. The inflation mechanism 4 flushes the gas into thesampling mechanism 3. The airway is inflated, and the gas is flushed into thesampling mechanism 3, and then thesampling mechanism 3 is inflated and pressed against the esophagus. The inflation mechanism 4 is convenient to provide a relatively stable air pressure, and it is convenient for thesampling mechanism 3 to scrape the patient's esophagus, and the inflation mechanism 4 can be based on The squeezing force between thesampling mechanism 3 and the esophagus automatically adjusts the degree of expansion of thesampling mechanism 3, releasing part of the gas when the esophagus is relatively narrow, and rushing in part of the gas when the esophagus is relatively wide;

阶段调节机构5，所述阶段调节机构5安装在外管2与内管1之间，所述阶段调节机构5在取样机构3取样时，使得取样机构3分别取样食道不同位置，阶段调节机构5在取样机构3被充气后，在拉动取样机构3时，保证取样机构3不同位置分别对食道不同位置取样，较为精确在食道各个位置取样，进而可以方便医护人员确定病灶的位置，以方便后续的治疗。Thestage adjustment mechanism 5, thestage adjustment mechanism 5 is installed between theouter tube 2 and the inner tube 1, thestage adjustment mechanism 5 makes thesampling mechanism 3 sample different positions of the esophagus respectively when thesampling mechanism 3 is sampling, and thestage adjustment mechanism 5 is in the esophagus. After thesampling mechanism 3 is inflated, when thesampling mechanism 3 is pulled, it is ensured that different positions of thesampling mechanism 3 take samples from different positions of the esophagus, and thesampling mechanism 3 is more accurate at each position of the esophagus, which can facilitate the medical staff to determine the position of the lesion and facilitate subsequent treatment. .

所述取样机构3包括安装在外管2一侧的气囊31，气囊31的两端均与外管2固定连接，所述气囊31与气道内部连通，所述气囊31的顶部设有多个对患者食道刮擦的刮擦环32，每个所述刮擦环32的一侧设有对刮擦后刮擦环32封闭的密封环33，所述密封环33与刮擦环32均与气囊31固定连接，密封环33与刮擦环32分别与气囊31一体成型，所述刮擦环32向医护人员手持端方向倾斜，所述密封环33的外径小于刮擦环32的内径，所述密封环33的横截面呈倾斜状。在气囊31冲入气体时，气囊31膨胀在患者食道内，在拉动气囊31移动时，不同的刮擦环32对食道不同位置刮擦，将刮擦后脱落的细胞收集，而且在收集后密封环33翻转将刮擦环32密封，减小食道其余位置对收集位置的细胞污染，进而可以较为准确的确定食道病灶位置，方便医护人员展开后续的治疗。Thesampling mechanism 3 includes anairbag 31 installed on one side of theouter tube 2, both ends of theairbag 31 are fixedly connected to theouter tube 2, theairbag 31 is communicated with the inside of the airway, and the top of theairbag 31 is provided with a plurality of pairs of pairs. The scrapingring 32 for scraping the patient's esophagus, one side of each scrapingring 32 is provided with a sealingring 33 that closes thescraping ring 32 after scraping, the sealingring 33 and thescraping ring 32 are both connected to the airbag. 31 is fixedly connected, the sealingring 33 and thescraping ring 32 are integrally formed with theairbag 31 respectively, the scrapingring 32 is inclined toward the hand-held end of the medical staff, and the outer diameter of the sealingring 33 is smaller than the inner diameter of thescraping ring 32, so the The cross section of the sealingring 33 is inclined. When theairbag 31 is flushed into the gas, theairbag 31 expands in the patient's esophagus, and when theairbag 31 is pulled to move, different scraping rings 32 scrape different positions of the esophagus, collect the cells that fall off after scraping, and seal after the collection Thering 33 is turned over to seal thescraping ring 32, which reduces the cell contamination of the rest of the esophagus to the collection location, thereby more accurately determining the location of the esophageal lesion, which is convenient for medical staff to carry out subsequent treatment.

所述阶段调节机构5包括安装在外管2外侧的推动环51，推动环51套在外管2的外侧，推动环51在移动时会贴合在气囊31的表面，所述推动环51的一侧位于气囊31的外侧，所述内管1的内部设有拉绳52，所述拉绳52的一端与推动环51固定连接，所述拉绳52穿过内管1延伸至内管1的外侧，所述气囊31的内部设有多个将气囊31分隔的分隔板53，分隔板53与气囊31固定连接，分隔板53为弹性板，每个所述分隔板53上均设有将气体传递的压紧板54，压紧板54为弹性板，压紧板54的部分固定在分隔板53上，所述外管2表面设有多个气孔，所述外管2位于每个气孔之间均设有隔断板55，隔断板55与外管2部分固定连接，隔断板55可以相对外管2内壁翻转，所述外管2内设有连通孔，所述连通孔的一侧设有对连通孔密封的封板56，封板56与外管2固定连接，封板56为弹性板，在封板56被推动环51压紧后，封板56会将连通孔密封。Thestage adjustment mechanism 5 includes apush ring 51 installed on the outer side of theouter tube 2, thepush ring 51 is sleeved on the outer side of theouter tube 2, thepush ring 51 will fit on the surface of theairbag 31 when moving, and one side of thepush ring 51 Located on the outside of theairbag 31 , the inner tube 1 is provided with apull cord 52 , one end of thepull cord 52 is fixedly connected to thepush ring 51 , and thepull cord 52 extends through the inner tube 1 to the outside of the inner tube 1 , the interior of theairbag 31 is provided with a plurality ofpartition plates 53 separating theairbag 31, thepartition plates 53 are fixedly connected with theairbag 31, thepartition plate 53 is an elastic plate, and eachpartition plate 53 is provided with There is apressing plate 54 that transmits the gas, thepressing plate 54 is an elastic plate, and the part of thepressing plate 54 is fixed on thepartition plate 53, the surface of theouter tube 2 is provided with a plurality of air holes, and theouter tube 2 is located in thepartition plate 53. Apartition plate 55 is arranged between each air hole. Thepartition plate 55 is fixedly connected with theouter tube 2. Thepartition plate 55 can be turned over relative to the inner wall of theouter tube 2. Theouter tube 2 is provided with a communication hole. One side is provided with a sealingplate 56 for sealing the communication hole, the sealingplate 56 is fixedly connected with theouter pipe 2, the sealingplate 56 is an elastic plate, after the sealingplate 56 is pressed by thepush ring 51, the sealingplate 56 will seal the communication hole .

所述隔断板55与压紧板54之间通过连接杆57连接，连接杆57的的两端分别与压紧板54和隔断板55固定连接，所述压紧板54与分隔板53紧密贴合，所述隔断板55位于内管1的内壁。Thepartition plate 55 and thepressing plate 54 are connected by connectingrods 57, and the two ends of the connectingrod 57 are respectively fixedly connected with thepressing plate 54 and thepartition plate 55, and thepressing plate 54 is tightly connected with thepartition plate 53. Fittingly, thepartition plate 55 is located on the inner wall of the inner tube 1 .

在医护人员将外管2。内管1和取样机构3插入患者食道内后，首先充气机构4对外管2与内管1的气道内充气，气体通过连通孔直接进入封板56一侧的气囊31内，此时气体将气囊31部分膨胀，拉动外管2与拉绳52，外管2与拉绳52同步向体外运动，此时拉绳52拉动推动环51在气囊31表面移动，在刮擦环32将食道细胞刮擦后，推动环51推动密封环33转动，密封环33在转动后盖合在刮擦环32上，将食道刮擦的脱落细胞密封，在推动环51移动至封板56位置后，推动环51推动封板56转动，封板56插入连通孔内将连通孔密封，推动环51挤压气囊31的气体进入压紧板54位置处，压紧板54在气压的作用下打开，压紧板54通过连接杆57推动隔断板55打开，气囊31再次与气道连通，充气机构4可以补充气体，保持气囊31刮擦位置处于膨胀状态，在推动环51脱离分隔板53后进入下一个气囊腔体内，上一个腔体在推动环51挤压作用下缩回，在推动环51不断移动过程中，气囊31也不断的沿着食道运动，进而对食道一段长度分别收集，进而方便较为精确的收集食道各个位置的脱落细胞，方便医护人员确定病灶的具体位置，其次，在气囊31插入胃部后，连通孔对气囊31充气时，拉动气囊31可以确定是否处于食道与胃部连接位置，方便在食道内取样，此外在取样结束后，可以将气囊31剪开，直接提取刮擦环32与密封环33之间的脱落细胞，更加方便医护人员的操作，而且位于圆周方向的细胞也不易混合，不仅沿着食道长度方向确定病灶的位置，还能沿着圆周方向确定病灶的位置，定位更为准确。The medical staff will place theouter tube 2. After the inner tube 1 and thesampling mechanism 3 are inserted into the patient's esophagus, the inflation mechanism 4 first inflates the airways of theouter tube 2 and the inner tube 1, and the gas directly enters theairbag 31 on the side of the sealingplate 56 through the communication hole, and the airbag will be filled by the air. 31 partially expands, pulls theouter tube 2 and thepull rope 52, theouter tube 2 and thepull rope 52 move to the outside of the body synchronously, at this time thepull rope 52 pulls thepush ring 51 to move on the surface of theair bag 31, and scrapes the esophageal cells on thescraping ring 32 Then, the pushingring 51 pushes the sealingring 33 to rotate, the sealingring 33 is covered on thescraping ring 32 after the rotation, and seals the exfoliated cells scraped by the esophagus. After the pushingring 51 is moved to the position of the sealingplate 56, the Push the sealingplate 56 to rotate, the sealingplate 56 is inserted into the communication hole to seal the communication hole, push thering 51 to squeeze the gas of theairbag 31 into the position of thecompression plate 54, thecompression plate 54 is opened under the action of air pressure, and thecompression plate 54 Thepartition plate 55 is pushed open by the connectingrod 57, theairbag 31 is connected to the airway again, the inflation mechanism 4 can supplement the gas, keep the scraping position of theairbag 31 in an expanded state, and enter the next airbag cavity after thepush ring 51 is separated from thepartition plate 53 In the body, the last cavity is retracted under the pressing action of thepush ring 51. During the continuous movement of thepush ring 51, theair bag 31 also moves along the esophagus, and then collects a length of the esophagus separately, thereby facilitating more accurate collection. The exfoliated cells in various positions of the esophagus are convenient for medical staff to determine the specific location of the lesion. Secondly, after theairbag 31 is inserted into the stomach, when theairbag 31 is inflated by the communication hole, theairbag 31 can be pulled to determine whether it is at the connection position between the esophagus and the stomach, which is convenient for Sampling in the esophagus, in addition, after the sampling is completed, theairbag 31 can be cut open to directly extract the exfoliated cells between the scrapingring 32 and the sealingring 33, which is more convenient for medical staff to operate, and the cells located in the circumferential direction are not easy to mix. Not only the position of the lesion is determined along the length of the esophagus, but also the position of the lesion can be determined along the circumferential direction, and the positioning is more accurate.

所述充气机构4包括安装在外管2一端的套筒41，套筒41与外管2可通过螺纹连接或者挤压后套接，进而方便充气机构4的重复使用，所述套筒41的一侧设有与外部气压泵连通的气管42，气管42与套筒41固定连接，气管42与外部充气设备连通，所述套筒41的一侧设有连接筒43，连接筒43与套筒41固定连接且内部连通，所述连接筒43的内部滑动连接有活塞44，所述活塞44的端部设有贯穿连接筒43的活塞杆45，活塞杆45与连接筒43滑动连接，所述连接筒43与活塞44之间设有弹簧，弹簧的两端分别与连接筒43和活塞44固定连接。The inflatable mechanism 4 includes asleeve 41 installed at one end of theouter tube 2. Thesleeve 41 and theouter tube 2 can be threadedly connected or sleeved after being squeezed, thereby facilitating the repeated use of the inflatable mechanism 4. The side is provided with atrachea 42 that communicates with an external air pump. Thetrachea 42 is fixedly connected to thesleeve 41. Thetrachea 42 is communicated with an external inflatable device. One side of thesleeve 41 is provided with a connectingcylinder 43, which is connected to thesleeve 41. Fixed connection and internal communication, the interior of the connectingcylinder 43 is slidably connected with apiston 44, the end of thepiston 44 is provided with apiston rod 45 that penetrates the connectingcylinder 43, thepiston rod 45 is slidably connected with the connectingcylinder 43, and the connection A spring is provided between thecylinder 43 and thepiston 44 , and both ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the connectingcylinder 43 and thepiston 44 respectively.

所述活塞杆45的顶部设有金属盘46，金属盘46与活塞杆45固定连接，所述连接筒43的顶部设有金属环47，金属环47与连接筒43固定连接，所述金属盘46与金属环47之间与外部充气设备电性连接。The top of thepiston rod 45 is provided with ametal disk 46, which is fixedly connected to thepiston rod 45, and the top of the connectingcylinder 43 is provided with ametal ring 47, which is fixedly connected to the connectingcylinder 43, and the metal disk is 46 and themetal ring 47 are electrically connected to an external inflatable device.

在进行充气时，医护人员打开外部充气设备，金属环47与金属盘46接触，气体冲入气道内，气囊31被充起，在气压达到与患者食道充分接触时，此时，活塞44沿着连接筒43移动，活塞44带动活塞杆45上移，活塞杆45带动金属盘46与金属环47脱离，进而充气设备停止充气，在推动环51挤压气囊31时，气压压力较大会推动活塞44上移，活塞44脱离连接筒43时，气体排出气道，进而减小气囊31被挤压时对患者食道的损伤，在推动环51进入气囊31的的下一个腔体时，气压不足时，活塞44下降，活塞44带动活塞杆45下降，活塞杆45带动金属盘46与金属环47接触，充气设备继续充气，进而确保气囊31内的气体刚好刮擦食道还不会对食道造成损伤，更加方便医护人员的操作。During inflation, the medical staff opens the external inflation device, themetal ring 47 contacts themetal disc 46, the gas rushes into the airway, and theair bag 31 is inflated. The connectingcylinder 43 moves, thepiston 44 drives thepiston rod 45 to move up, thepiston rod 45 drives themetal disc 46 to disengage from themetal ring 47, and then the inflation device stops inflating. When thepiston 44 is moved up, when thepiston 44 is separated from the connectingcylinder 43, the gas is discharged from the airway, thereby reducing the damage to the patient's esophagus when theairbag 31 is squeezed. When thering 51 is pushed into the next cavity of theairbag 31, when the air pressure is insufficient, Thepiston 44 descends, thepiston 44 drives thepiston rod 45 to descend, thepiston rod 45 drives themetal disc 46 to contact themetal ring 47, and the inflation device continues to inflate, thereby ensuring that the gas in theairbag 31 just scratches the esophagus and will not cause damage to the esophagus. It is convenient for medical staff to operate.

根据上述实施例，实施例二，所述外管2的外部设有对拉绳52收卷并将取样机构3从食道内抽出的收卷机构6，所述收卷机构6包括用于医护人员手持的框架61，收卷筒62通过转轴与框架61转动连接，所述框架61的内部设有收卷筒62，所述收卷筒62将拉绳52缠绕，转轴的外侧设有用于摇动的把手。According to the above-mentioned embodiment, in the second embodiment, the outside of theouter tube 2 is provided with arewinding mechanism 6 that rewinds thedrawstring 52 and pulls thesampling mechanism 3 out of the esophagus. The hand-heldframe 61, the take-up drum 62 is rotatably connected to theframe 61 through a rotating shaft, the inside of theframe 61 is provided with a take-up drum 62, the take-up drum 62 winds thepull rope 52, and the outside of the rotating shaft is provided with a swinging drum. handle.

所述外管2的一侧设有连接绳63，连接绳63与套筒41固定连接，套筒41与外管2固定连接，所述收卷筒62包括用于拉绳52收卷的收卷部一621，所述收卷部一621的两侧设有两个对连接绳63收卷的收卷部二622，所述收卷部二622的外径为收卷部一621外径的两倍。One side of theouter tube 2 is provided with a connectingrope 63, which is fixedly connected to thesleeve 41, and thesleeve 41 is fixedly connected to theouter tube 2. Rolling part one 621, the two sides of the winding part one 621 are provided with two windingparts 622 for winding the connectingrope 63, the outer diameter of the winding part two 622 is the outer diameter of the winding part one 621 twice.

在抽出气囊31、外管2和内管1时，医护人员手持框架61，摇动把手，把手带动连接绳63和拉绳52同步拉动，在收卷时气囊31需要完全收集脱落细胞，气囊31需要移动两倍气囊31的长度，而推动环51移动气囊31长度即可，请参照图9，通过收卷部一621与收卷部二622的配合拉动，在推动环51在气囊31上移动的同时，推动环51还需要与气囊31同步移动，为了保证气囊31完全作用在食道长度，需要将收卷部一621收卷拉绳52收卷长度为收卷部二622连接绳63收卷的一半，进而更加有效的利用气囊31，气囊31移动的距离为2A，而推动环51移动距离为A，从而相对移动距离是不同的。When pulling out theair bag 31, theouter tube 2 and the inner tube 1, the medical staff holds theframe 61, shakes the handle, and the handle drives the connectingrope 63 and the pullingrope 52 to pull synchronously. Move twice the length of theairbag 31, and push thering 51 to move the length of theairbag 31, please refer to FIG. At the same time, thepush ring 51 also needs to move synchronously with theairbag 31. In order to ensure that theairbag 31 fully acts on the length of the esophagus, it is necessary to rewind the length of the rewinding part 1 621 and the pullingrope 52 to the length of the rewindingpart 2 622 connectingrope 63 rewinding. Theairbag 31 is used more effectively. Theairbag 31 moves a distance of 2A, while thepush ring 51 moves a distance A, so the relative moving distances are different.

需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any relationship between these entities or operations. any such actual relationship or sequence exists. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or device that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes not explicitly listed or other elements inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus.

尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention and modifications, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (9)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种消化内科临床用诊断取样装置，包括：1. A clinical diagnostic sampling device for gastroenterology, comprising:内管(1)，所述内管(1)的外侧设有外管(2)，所述外管(2)与内管(1)之间设有气流通过的气道；an inner pipe (1), an outer pipe (2) is provided on the outer side of the inner pipe (1), and an air passage for air flow is arranged between the outer pipe (2) and the inner pipe (1);其特征在于：It is characterized by:取样机构(3)，所述取样机构(3)安装在外管(2)外侧，所述取样机构(3)与外管(2)连通，所述取样机构(3)被充气后膨胀后在食道内刮擦，使得食道脱落细胞被收集；Sampling mechanism (3), the sampling mechanism (3) is installed on the outside of the outer tube (2), the sampling mechanism (3) is communicated with the outer tube (2), and the sampling mechanism (3) is inflated after being inflated and then inflated in the esophagus Internal scraping so that esophageal exfoliated cells are collected;充气机构(4)，所述充气机构(4)安装在内管(1)与外管(2)的端部，所述充气机构(4)将气体冲入取样机构(3)内；an inflation mechanism (4), the inflation mechanism (4) is installed at the ends of the inner pipe (1) and the outer pipe (2), and the inflation mechanism (4) flushes the gas into the sampling mechanism (3);阶段调节机构(5)，所述阶段调节机构(5)安装在外管(2)与内管(1)之间，所述阶段调节机构(5)在取样机构(3)取样时，使得取样机构(3)分别取样食道不同位置。A stage adjustment mechanism (5), the stage adjustment mechanism (5) is installed between the outer pipe (2) and the inner pipe (1), and the stage adjustment mechanism (5) makes the sampling mechanism (3) take samples when the sampling mechanism (3) is sampling. (3) Sampling different positions of the esophagus respectively.2.根据权利要求1所述的一种消化内科临床用诊断取样装置，其特征在于：所述取样机构(3)包括安装在外管(2)一侧的气囊(31)，所述气囊(31)与气道内部连通，所述气囊(31)的顶部设有多个对患者食道刮擦的刮擦环(32)，每个所述刮擦环(32)的一侧设有对刮擦后刮擦环(32)封闭的密封环(33)，所述密封环(33)与刮擦环(32)均与气囊(31)固定连接。2 . The clinical diagnostic sampling device for gastroenterology according to claim 1 , wherein the sampling mechanism ( 3 ) comprises an air bag ( 31 ) installed on one side of the outer tube ( 2 ), and the air bag ( 31 ). ) is communicated with the interior of the airway, the top of the air bag (31) is provided with a plurality of scraping rings (32) for scraping the patient’s esophagus, and one side of each said scraping ring (32) is provided with a pair of scraping rings (32). A sealing ring (33) closed by the rear scraping ring (32), the sealing ring (33) and the scraping ring (32) are both fixedly connected with the airbag (31).3.根据权利要求2所述的一种消化内科临床用诊断取样装置，其特征在于：所述阶段调节机构(5)包括安装在外管(2)外侧的推动环(51)，所述推动环(51)的一侧位于气囊(31)的外侧，所述内管(1)的内部设有拉绳(52)，所述拉绳(52)的一端与推动环(51)固定连接，所述拉绳(52)穿过内管(1)延伸至内管(1)的外侧，所述气囊(31)的内部设有多个将气囊(31)分隔的分隔板(53)，每个所述分隔板(53)上均设有将气体传递的压紧板(54)，所述外管(2)表面设有多个气孔，所述外管(2)位于每个气孔之间均设有隔断板(55)，所述外管(2)内设有连通孔，所述连通孔的一侧设有对连通孔密封的封板(56)。3 . The clinical diagnostic sampling device for gastroenterology according to claim 2 , wherein the stage adjustment mechanism ( 5 ) comprises a push ring ( 51 ) mounted on the outer side of the outer tube ( 2 ), and the push ring One side of (51) is located on the outside of the airbag (31), the inner tube (1) is provided with a pull rope (52), and one end of the pull rope (52) is fixedly connected with the push ring (51), so The pulling rope (52) extends through the inner tube (1) to the outside of the inner tube (1), and the interior of the airbag (31) is provided with a plurality of partition plates (53) for dividing the airbag (31), each Each of the partition plates (53) is provided with a pressing plate (54) for transmitting gas, a plurality of air holes are formed on the surface of the outer pipe (2), and the outer pipe (2) is located between each air hole. A partition plate (55) is provided between the two, the outer tube (2) is provided with a communication hole, and one side of the communication hole is provided with a sealing plate (56) that seals the communication hole.4.根据权利要求3所述的一种消化内科临床用诊断取样装置，其特征在于：所述隔断板(55)与压紧板(54)之间通过连接杆(57)连接，所述压紧板(54)与分隔板(53)紧密贴合，所述隔断板(55)位于内管(1)的内壁。4 . The clinical diagnostic sampling device for gastroenterology according to claim 3 , wherein the partition plate ( 55 ) and the pressing plate ( 54 ) are connected by a connecting rod ( 57 ). The tight plate (54) is closely attached to the partition plate (53), and the partition plate (55) is located on the inner wall of the inner pipe (1).5.根据权利要求1所述的一种消化内科临床用诊断取样装置，其特征在于：所述充气机构(4)包括安装在外管(2)一端的套筒(41)，所述套筒(41)的一侧设有与外部气压泵连通的气管(42)，所述套筒(41)的一侧设有连接筒(43)，所述连接筒(43)的内部滑动连接有活塞(44)，所述活塞(44)的端部设有贯穿连接筒(43)的活塞杆(45)，所述连接筒(43)与活塞(44)之间设有弹簧。5. A clinical diagnostic sampling device for gastroenterology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inflation mechanism (4) comprises a sleeve (41) installed at one end of the outer tube (2), the sleeve ( One side of 41) is provided with a gas pipe (42) communicating with an external air pressure pump, one side of the sleeve (41) is provided with a connecting cylinder (43), and a piston (43) is slidably connected inside the connecting cylinder (43). 44), the end of the piston (44) is provided with a piston rod (45) penetrating the connecting cylinder (43), and a spring is provided between the connecting cylinder (43) and the piston (44).6.根据权利要求5所述的一种消化内科临床用诊断取样装置，其特征在于：所述活塞杆(45)的顶部设有金属盘(46)，所述连接筒(43)的顶部设有金属环(47)，所述金属盘(46)与金属环(47)之间与外部充气设备电性连接。6. A clinical diagnostic sampling device for gastroenterology according to claim 5, characterized in that: the top of the piston rod (45) is provided with a metal plate (46), and the top of the connecting cylinder (43) is provided with a metal plate (46). There is a metal ring (47), and the metal disc (46) and the metal ring (47) are electrically connected with an external inflatable device.7.根据权利要求2所述的一种消化内科临床用诊断取样装置，其特征在于：所述刮擦环(32)向医护人员手持端方向倾斜，所述密封环(33)的外径小于刮擦环(32)的内径，所述密封环(33)的横截面呈倾斜状。7. A clinical diagnostic sampling device for gastroenterology according to claim 2, characterized in that: the scraping ring (32) is inclined toward the hand-held end of the medical staff, and the outer diameter of the sealing ring (33) is less than The inner diameter of the scraping ring (32), the cross section of the sealing ring (33) is inclined.8.根据权利要求1所述的一种消化内科临床用诊断取样装置，其特征在于：所述外管(2)的外部设有对拉绳(52)收卷并将取样机构(3)从食道内抽出的收卷机构(6)，所述收卷机构(6)包括用于医护人员手持的框架(61)，所述框架(61)的内部设有收卷筒(62)，所述收卷筒(62)将拉绳(52)缠绕。8 . The clinical diagnostic sampling device for gastroenterology according to claim 1 , wherein the outer tube ( 2 ) is provided with a pull rope ( 52 ) to wind up and the sampling mechanism ( 3 ) from the A rewinding mechanism (6) drawn out from the esophagus, the rewinding mechanism (6) includes a frame (61) for medical staff to hold, a rewinding drum (62) is arranged inside the frame (61), and the The take-up drum (62) winds the drawstring (52).9.根据权利要求9所述的一种消化内科临床用诊断取样装置，其特征在于：所述外管(2)的一侧设有连接绳(63)，所述收卷筒(62)包括用于拉绳(52)收卷的收卷部一(621)，所述收卷部一(621)的两侧设有两个对连接绳(63)收卷的收卷部二(622)，所述收卷部二(622)的外径为收卷部一(621)外径的两倍。9 . The clinical diagnostic sampling device for gastroenterology according to claim 9 , wherein a connecting rope ( 63 ) is provided on one side of the outer tube ( 2 ), and the winding drum ( 62 ) comprises a A winding part 1 (621) for winding the pulling rope (52), two winding parts (622) for winding the connecting rope (63) are provided on both sides of the winding part 1 (621). , the outer diameter of the second winding portion (622) is twice the outer diameter of the first winding portion (621).

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