Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method for communicating on a bandwidth part (pair), which is used for reducing data congestion of terminal equipment so as to improve the success rate of data transmission.
In a first aspect, a method of communicating over a bandwidth part BWP pair is provided, comprising switching from a first BWP to a second BWP pair of a terminal device, a downstream BWP of the first BWP pair being used for receiving paging messages from a network device by a plurality of terminal devices in a cell in which the terminal device is located, wherein the plurality of terminal devices comprises the terminal device, a radio resource control, RRC, state of the terminal device being a radio resource control, IDLE, RRC IDLE state or a radio resource control, INACTIVE state, RRC INACTIVE state, when on the first BWP pair, and accessing the network device on the second BWP pair. The first BWP pair is a common BWP pair.
When the method of the first aspect is applied to BWP-based design, it may be described that a method of communicating over a BWP is provided, comprising switching from a first BWP to a second BWP of a terminal device, the first BWP being used for a plurality of terminal devices in a cell in which the terminal device is located to receive paging messages from a network device, wherein the plurality of terminal devices comprises the terminal device, a radio resource control RRC state of the terminal device being a radio resource control IDLE RRC IDLE state or a radio resource control INACTIVE state RRC INACTIVE state while on the first BWP, and accessing the network device on the second BWP. The first BWP is a common BWP. The first BWP is configured to receive paging messages from network devices by a plurality of terminal devices in a cell in which the terminal devices are located, and includes downlink resources in the first BWP being configured to receive paging messages from the network devices by the plurality of terminal devices in the cell in which the terminal devices are located. Accessing the network device on the second BWP comprises sending a PRACH or an access preamble to the network device on uplink resources in the second BWP.
In the method, when the terminal device is in an RRC_IDLE state or an RRC_INACTIVE state, the terminal device is resident on the public first BWP (pair) to monitor for paging messages, and when the terminal device needs to access the network device, for example, the terminal device receives the paging message of the terminal device or is triggered by a higher layer of the terminal device, the terminal device is switched from the public first BWP (pair) to a second BWP (pair) specific to the terminal device so as to access the network device on the second BWP (pair). By the method, a plurality of terminal devices can be scattered on each specific second BWP (pair) to access the network device, thereby avoiding access congestion and improving access success rate.
In one possible design, the method further comprises performing an RRC establishment on the second BWP pair and the network device, the RRC state of the terminal device transitioning from the RRC_IDLE state or the RRC_INACTIVE state to a radio resource control-CONNECTED RRC-CONNECTED state.
By this method, after the second BWP pair accesses the network device, the terminal device can establish an RRC connection with the network device, so that the terminal device-specific data can be transmitted.
In one possible design, if the RRC state of the terminal device is an RRC_INACTIVE state, the method further includes performing an RRC recovery on the second BWP pair and the network device, the RRC state of the terminal device transitioning from the RRC_INACTIVE state to a radio resource control-connection RRC-CONNECTED state.
By the method, after the second BWP pair is accessed to the network device, the terminal device can perform RRC recovery with the network device, recover the RRC connection with the network device, and therefore the terminal device specific data can be transmitted.
In one possible design, the switching from the first BWP to the second BWP pair includes switching from the first BWP to the second BWP pair after receiving the paging message of the terminal device on a downlink BWP of the first BWP pair or after being triggered by a higher layer of the terminal device.
In one possible design, the configuration of the second BWP pair is predefined.
By this method, the signaling overhead for configuring the second BWP pair can be saved.
In one possible design, the method further includes receiving a configuration of the second BWP pair from the network device.
By the method, the second BWP pair can be configured according to the channel condition of the terminal equipment, so that the channel quality is better when the data of the terminal equipment is transmitted on the second BWP pair, and the success rate of data transmission is high.
In one possible design, the configuration of the second BWP pair is indicated by a radio resource control-release RRC-release message, a paging message, a broadcast channel, or a system message.
By the method, the terminal equipment can timely acquire the configuration information of the second BWP pair. When the configuration information of the second BWP pair is indicated using the paging message, the broadcast channel, or the system message, the configuration of the second BWP pair may also be updated according to the channel condition or the system load, thereby improving the success rate of data transmission or reducing the data transmission delay.
In one possible design, the configuration of the second BWP pair is used to indicate that the PDCCH and/or PDSCH transmitted on the downlink BWP of the second BWP pair is a channel of quasi co-location QCL. The QCL channels of the PDCCH and the PDSCH may be the same or different, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present application. For example, the configuration of the second BWP pair is used to indicate that the physical downlink control channel PDCCH transmitted on the downlink BWP of the second BWP pair and the synchronization signal block SSB transmitted on the downlink BWP of the first BWP pair are QCL, and/or the configuration of the second BWP pair is used to indicate that the physical downlink shared channel PDSCH transmitted on the downlink BWP of the second BWP pair and the SSB transmitted on the downlink BWP of the first BWP pair are QCL.
By the method, the terminal equipment can acquire the channel estimation by using the SSB, and the PDCCH and/or the PDSCH is demodulated by using the channel estimation result, so that the terminal equipment can not need to additionally perform the channel estimation for the PDCCH or the PDSCH, the implementation complexity is reduced, and the power consumption of the terminal equipment is saved.
In a possible design, the method further comprises determining the second BWP pair according to the identity of the terminal device. Illustratively, the second BWP pair is determined from a set of candidate second BWP pairs according to the identity of the terminal device. By this method, the signaling overhead for configuring the second BWP pair can be saved.
Similar to the above design, the configuration of the second BWP pairs in the candidate second BWP pair set is predefined or indicated by a radio resource control-release RRC-release message, a paging message, a broadcast channel or a system message. Optionally, the configuration of the second BWP pair is used to indicate that the PDCCH and/or PDSCH transmitted on the downlink BWP of said second BWP pair is a channel of quasi co-location QCL.
In a second aspect, a method of communicating over a bandwidth part BWP pair is provided, comprising switching from a first BWP to a second BWP pair of a terminal device, a downstream BWP of the first BWP pair being used for receiving paging messages from a network device by a plurality of terminal devices in a cell in which the terminal device is located, wherein the plurality of terminal devices comprises the terminal device, a radio resource control, RRC, state of the terminal device being a radio resource control, INACTIVE state, rrc_inactive state, when the first BWP pair is up, and transmitting specific information of the terminal device over the second BWP pair and the network device, wherein the RRC state of the terminal device is rrc_inactive state when the second BWP pair is up. The first BWP pair is a common BWP pair. Optionally, the method further comprises switching from the second BWP to the first BWP pair after transmission of the specific information of the terminal device on the second BWP pair and on the network device. After switching from the second BWP to the first BWP pair, it is relocated to the first BWP pair, and a paging message may be listened to from a network device on a downlink BWP of the first BWP pair, and a synchronization signal, a physical broadcast channel, a system message, etc. may be received on the downlink BWP.
When the method of the second aspect is applied to BWP based design, it may be described that a method of communicating over a bandwidth part BWP is provided, comprising switching from a first BWP to a second BWP of a terminal device, the first BWP being used for receiving paging messages from a network device by a plurality of terminal devices in a cell in which the terminal device is located, wherein the plurality of terminal devices comprises the terminal device, a radio resource control RRC state of the terminal device being a radio resource control_inactive state rrc_inactive state while on the first BWP, and transmitting specific information of the terminal device over the second BWP and the network device, wherein the RRC state of the terminal device is an rrc_inactive state while on the second BWP. The first BWP is a common BWP. Optionally, the method further comprises switching from the second BWP to the first BWP after transmission of specific information of the terminal device on the second BWP and by the network device. After switching from the second BWP to the first BWP, the network device may monitor the paging message on the downlink resource of the first BWP, and may receive the synchronization signal, the physical broadcast channel, and/or the system message on the downlink resource. The transmission of the specific information of the terminal device is performed on the second BWP and the network device, including the transmission of the specific uplink information of the terminal device on the uplink resource of the second BWP and the network device, and/or the transmission of the specific downlink information of the terminal device on the downlink resource of the second BWP and the network device.
In the method, when the terminal device is in an RRC_INACTIVE state, the terminal device is resident on a public first BWP (pair) to monitor for paging messages, and when the terminal device needs to perform data transmission with the network device, for example, the terminal device receives the paging message of the terminal device or is triggered by a higher layer of the terminal device, the terminal device is switched from the public first BWP (pair) to a second BWP (pair) specific to the terminal device, and the data transmission is performed on the second BWP (pair) and the network device. At any time, the terminal device may optionally switch back to the first BWP (pair) to camp. By the method, a plurality of terminal devices can be dispersed on the specific second BWP (pair) and the network device to perform data transmission, access congestion is avoided, the success rate of data transmission is improved, or the data can be transmitted in time to reduce time delay.
The switching from the first BWP pair to the second BWP pair, the configuration of the second BWP pair, etc. may refer to the corresponding contents in the first aspect, and are not repeated here.
In a third aspect, a method of communicating over a bandwidth part BWP pair is provided, comprising transmitting one or more of a broadcast message, a paging message, and system information to a plurality of terminal devices in a cell in which the terminal devices are located over a first BWP pair, wherein the plurality of terminal devices includes the terminal devices, a radio resource control RRC state of the terminal devices being a radio resource control IDLE RRC IDLE state or a radio resource control INACTIVE state RRC INACTIVE state when the first BWP pair is over, and performing a random access procedure on a second BWP pair of the terminal devices and the terminal devices. The first BWP pair is a common BWP pair.
The configuration of the second BWP pair may refer to the corresponding content in the first aspect, and will not be described herein.
In a fourth aspect, a method for communicating over a bandwidth part BWP pair is provided, comprising transmitting one or more of a broadcast message, a paging message, and system information to a plurality of terminal devices in a cell in which the terminal devices are located over a first BWP pair, wherein the plurality of terminal devices includes the terminal devices, a radio resource control, RRC, state of the terminal devices is a radio resource control, INACTIVE state, rrc_inactive state when the first BWP pair is over, and transmitting specific information of the terminal devices over a second BWP pair of the terminal devices and the terminal devices, wherein the RRC state of the terminal devices is an rrc_inactive state when the second BWP pair is over. The first BWP pair is a common BWP pair.
The configuration of the second BWP pair may refer to the corresponding content in the first aspect, and will not be described herein.
In a fifth aspect, an apparatus is provided, where the apparatus may be a terminal device, an apparatus in a terminal device, or an apparatus that can be used in a matching manner with a terminal device. In one design, the apparatus may include modules corresponding to the methods/operations/steps/actions described in the first aspect and/or the second aspect, where the modules may be hardware circuits, software, or a combination of hardware circuits and software. In one design, the apparatus may include a processing module and a communication module to implement the method described in the first and/or second aspect.
In a possible design, the processing module is configured to switch from a first BWP to a second BWP pair of the terminal device, wherein a downlink BWP of the first BWP pair is configured to receive paging messages from a network device by a plurality of terminal devices in a cell in which the terminal device is located, wherein the plurality of terminal devices includes the terminal device, and a radio resource control RRC state of the terminal device is a radio resource control_idle state or a radio resource control_inactive state rrc_inactive state when the first BWP pair is located, and the processing module uses the communication module to access the network device on the second BWP pair. The first BWP pair is a common BWP pair.
In a possible design, the processing module is configured to switch from a first BWP to a second BWP pair of a terminal device, wherein a downlink BWP of the first BWP pair is configured to receive paging messages from a network device by a plurality of terminal devices in a cell in which the terminal device is located, wherein the plurality of terminal devices includes the terminal device, and a radio resource control RRC state of the terminal device is a radio resource control_inactive state rrc_inactive state when the first BWP pair is located, and the processing module is configured to perform transmission of specific information of the terminal device by using the communication module on the second BWP pair and the network device, and wherein the RRC state of the terminal device is an rrc_inactive state when the second BWP pair is located. The first BWP pair is a common BWP pair.
The switching from the first BWP pair to the second BWP, the configuration of the second BWP pair, etc. may refer to the corresponding contents in the first aspect, and will not be described here again.
In a sixth aspect, an apparatus is provided, where the apparatus may be a network device, an apparatus in a network device, or an apparatus that can be used in cooperation with a network device. In one design, the apparatus may include modules corresponding to the methods/operations/steps/actions described in the third aspect and/or the fourth aspect, where the modules may be hardware circuits, software, or a combination of hardware circuits and software. In one design, the apparatus may include a processing module and a communication module to implement the method described in the third and/or fourth aspect.
In a possible design, the processing module utilizes the communication module to send one or more of a broadcast message, a paging message, and system information to a plurality of terminal devices in a cell in which the terminal devices are located on a first BWP pair, wherein the plurality of terminal devices include the terminal devices, a radio resource control RRC state of the terminal devices is a radio resource control IDLE RRC IDLE state or a radio resource control INACTIVE state RRC INACTIVE state when the first BWP pair is on, and a random access procedure is performed on a second BWP pair of the terminal devices and the terminal devices. The first BWP pair is a common BWP pair.
In a possible design the processing module uses the communication module to send one or more of a broadcast message, a paging message, and system information to a plurality of terminal devices in a cell in which the terminal devices are located on a first BWP pair, wherein the plurality of terminal devices includes the terminal device, a radio resource control, RRC, state of the terminal device is a radio resource control, INACTIVE state, RRC INACTIVE state when the first BWP pair is on, and a transmission of specific information of the terminal device is performed on a second BWP pair of the terminal device and the terminal device, wherein the RRC state of the terminal device is an RRC INACTIVE state when the second BWP pair is on. The first BWP pair is a common BWP pair.
The configuration of the second BWP pair and the like may refer to the corresponding contents in the first aspect, and are not described herein.
In a seventh aspect, there is provided an apparatus comprising a processor for implementing the method described in the first and/or second aspects above. Optionally, the apparatus comprises a memory for storing instructions and data. The memory is coupled to the processor, and the processor, when executing instructions stored in the memory, may implement the method described in the first aspect and/or the second aspect. The apparatus may also include a communication interface for the apparatus to communicate with other devices, which may be transceivers, circuits, buses, modules, pins, or other types of communication interfaces, as examples, and other devices may be network devices.
In a possible design, the apparatus includes a memory to store instructions, a processor to switch from a first BWP to a second BWP pair of a terminal device, a downstream BWP of the first BWP pair to receive paging messages from a network device by a plurality of terminal devices in a cell in which the terminal device is located, wherein the plurality of terminal devices includes the terminal device, a radio resource control RRC state of the terminal device is a radio resource control IDLE RRC IDLE state or a radio resource control INACTIVE state RRC INACTIVE state when the first BWP pair is up, and the processor accesses the network device on the second BWP pair using a communication interface. The first BWP pair is a common BWP pair.
In a possible design the apparatus comprises a memory for storing instructions, a processor for switching from a first BWP to a second BWP pair of a terminal device, the first BWP pair being used for receiving paging messages from a network device for a plurality of terminal devices in a cell in which the terminal device is located, wherein the plurality of terminal devices comprises the terminal device, a radio resource control, RRC, state of the terminal device being a radio resource control, INACTIVE state, RRC INACTIVE state, when on the first BWP, and the processor being operative with a communication interface for transmission of specific information of the terminal device on the second BWP pair of the terminal device and the network device, wherein the RRC state of the terminal device is RRC INACTIVE state when on the second BWP pair. The first BWP pair is a common BWP pair.
In an eighth aspect, there is provided an apparatus comprising a processor for implementing the method described in the third and/or fourth aspects above. Optionally, the apparatus comprises a memory for storing instructions and data. The memory is coupled to the processor, which when executing instructions stored in the memory, may implement the method described in the third and/or fourth aspect above. The apparatus may also include a communication interface for the apparatus to communicate with other devices, which may be transceivers, circuits, buses, modules, pins, or other types of communication interfaces, as examples, and the other devices may be terminal devices.
In a possible design, the apparatus includes a memory for storing instructions, a processor for transmitting one or more of a broadcast message, a paging message, and system information to a plurality of terminal devices in a cell in which the terminal devices are located over a first BWP pair using a communication interface, wherein the plurality of terminal devices includes the terminal devices, a radio resource control RRC state of the terminal devices is a radio resource control IDLE RRC IDLE state or a radio resource control INACTIVE state RRC INACTIVE state when the first BWP pair is over, and a random access procedure is performed on a second BWP pair of the terminal devices and the terminal devices. The first BWP pair is a common BWP pair.
In a possible design, the apparatus comprises a memory for storing instructions, a processor for transmitting one or more of a broadcast message, a paging message, and system information to a plurality of terminal devices in a cell in which the terminal devices are located over a first BWP pair, wherein the plurality of terminal devices includes the terminal devices, a radio resource control, RRC, state of the terminal devices is a radio resource control, INACTIVE state, RRC INACTIVE state when the first BWP pair is over, and a transmission of specific information of the terminal devices is performed over a second BWP pair of the terminal devices and the terminal devices, wherein the RRC state of the terminal devices is an rrc_inactive state when the second BWP pair is over. The first BWP pair is a common BWP pair.
In a ninth aspect, there is provided a computer readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform at least one of the methods described in the first to fourth aspects.
In a tenth aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform at least one of the methods described in the first to fourth aspects.
In an eleventh aspect, a chip system is provided, the chip system comprising a processor and further comprising a memory for implementing at least one of the methods described in the first to fourth aspects above. The chip system may be formed of a chip or may include a chip and other discrete devices.
In a twelfth aspect, there is provided a system comprising an apparatus (e.g. a terminal device) according to the fifth or seventh aspect, and an apparatus (e.g. a network device) according to the sixth or eighth aspect.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to various communication systems, such as a long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system, a fifth generation (5th generation,5G) mobile communication system, a wireless-fidelity (WiFi) system, a future communication system, a system integrating various communication systems, and the like, and the embodiment of the application is not limited. Wherein 5G may also be referred to as New Radio (NR).
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to various communication scenes, such as one or more of enhanced mobile broadband (enhanced mobile broadband, eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (ultra-low-latency communication, URLLC), machine type communication (MACHINE TYPE communication, MTC), large-scale machine type communication (MASSIVE MACHINE TYPE communication, mMTC), device-to-device (D2D), vehicle external connection (vehicle to everything, V2X), vehicle-to-vehicle (vehicle to vehicle, V2V), internet of things (internet of things, ioT) and the like.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to communication among communication equipment. The communication between the communication devices may include communication between a network device and a terminal device, communication between a network device and a network device, and/or communication between a terminal device and a terminal device. In embodiments of the present application, the term "communication" may also be described as "transmitting," "information transmitting," or "signaling," etc. The transmission may include transmission and/or reception. In the embodiment of the present application, a technical solution is described by taking a communication between a network device and a terminal device as an example, and a person skilled in the art may also use the technical solution to perform communication between other scheduling entities and subordinate entities, for example, communication between a macro base station and a micro base station, for example, communication between a first terminal device and a second terminal device. The scheduling entity may allocate air interface resources for the subordinate entity. The air interface resources include one or more of time domain resources, frequency domain resources, code resources, and space resources. In the embodiment of the present application, the plurality may be two, three, four or more, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited.
In the embodiment of the application, the communication between the network equipment and the terminal equipment comprises that the network equipment sends downlink signals/information to the terminal equipment and/or the terminal equipment sends uplink signals/information to the network equipment.
In the embodiment of the application, "/" can indicate that the related objects are in an OR relationship, for example, A/B can indicate A or B, and/or can be used for describing that the related objects have three relationships, for example, A and/or B, and can indicate that A exists alone, A exists together with B, and B exists alone. Wherein A, B may be singular or plural. In the embodiment of the application, the technical features with the same or similar functions can be distinguished by adopting words such as first word, second word and the like. The terms "first," "second," and the like do not necessarily denote any order of quantity or order of execution, nor do the terms "first," "second," and the like. In embodiments of the application, the words "exemplary" or "such as" are used to mean that an example, instance, or illustration, an embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "such as" is not to be interpreted as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. The use of the word "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete fashion to facilitate understanding.
The terminal device related to the embodiment of the application can also be called a terminal, can be a device with a wireless receiving and transmitting function, can be deployed on land, including indoor, outdoor, and/or handheld or vehicle-mounted, can be deployed on water surface (such as a ship, etc.), and can be deployed in air (such as an airplane, a balloon, a satellite, etc.). The terminal device may be a User Equipment (UE) including a handheld device, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, or a computing device with wireless communication capabilities. The UE may be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer, or a computer with a wireless transceiver function, for example. The terminal device may also be a Virtual Reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in unmanned, a wireless terminal in telemedicine, a wireless terminal in smart grid, a wireless terminal in smart city (SMART CITY), and/or a wireless terminal in smart home (smart home), etc.
In the embodiment of the application, the device for realizing the function of the terminal equipment can be the terminal equipment, and also can be a device which can support the terminal equipment to realize the function, such as a chip system, and the device can be installed in the terminal equipment or matched with the terminal equipment for use. In the embodiment of the application, the chip system can be composed of chips, and can also comprise chips and other discrete devices. In the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the device for implementing the function of the terminal device is the terminal device, and the terminal device is the UE, which is taken as an example, to describe the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application.
The network device according to the embodiment of the present application includes a Base Station (BS), which may be a device deployed in a radio access network and capable of performing wireless communication with a terminal device. The base station may take many forms, such as macro base station, micro base station, relay station, access point, etc. The base station related to the embodiment of the application can be a base station in a 5G system or a base station in an LTE system, where the base station in the 5G system can also be called a transmission receiving point (transmission reception point, TRP) or a next generation node B (generation Node B, gNB or gNodeB). In the embodiment of the application, the device for realizing the function of the network equipment can be the network equipment, and also can be a device which can support the network equipment to realize the function, such as a chip system, and the device can be installed in the network equipment or matched with the network equipment for use. In the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the device for implementing the function of the network device is a network device, and the network device is a base station as an example, which describes the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application.
In the communication system, the UE may access the base station and communicate with the base station. Illustratively, a base station may manage one or more (e.g., 3 or 6, etc.) cells, and a UE may access the base station in at least one of the one or more cells and communicate with the base station in the cell to which the UE is accessing. In the embodiment of the present application, at least one may be 1,2, 3 or more, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited.
In one possible implementation, fig. 1 is an exemplary diagram of a base station and a UE communicating over a bandwidth part (BWP) pair.
As shown in fig. 1, after power-on, when the UE wants to access the base station, the UE may receive a synchronization signal and a broadcast channel from the base station, and may receive system information, such as a system information block (system information block, SIB) 1, from the base station. The system information may indicate configuration information of an initial (initial) BWP pair on which the UE may access the base station. The UE is in an RRC CONNECTED (rrc_connected) state during or after the UE has established a radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) connection with the base station. The UE may perform data transmission with the base station on the initial BWP pair. On the initial BWP pair, the base station may configure at least one BWP pair (configured BWP pair of the UE) for the UE through signaling, and may configure an active BWP pair for the UE from the at least one BWP pair. After the UE switches up from the initial BWP pair to the active BWP pair, the UE may transmit a Physical Uplink SHARED CHANNEL (PUSCH) to the base station and/or receive a specific physical downlink shared channel (physical downlink SHARED CHANNEL, PDSCH) of the UE from the base station on the active BWP pair. The active BWP pair may be the same as the initial BWP pair or different from the initial BWP pair, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. In the rrc_connected state, the base station may reconfigure an active BWP pair of the UE and/or reconfigure a configured BWP pair of the UE. Subsequently, if the RRC release procedure is performed, when the state of the UE is changed from the rrc_connected state to the RRC IDLE (rrc_idle) state or the RRC INACTIVE (rrc_inactive) state, the UE switches from the active BWP pair to the above-described initial BWP pair to receive a paging message, a synchronization signal, a broadcast channel, and/or system information, etc., from the base station, i.e., the UE camps (camp) on the initial BWP pair. Subsequently, if it is desired to implement the RRC setup or RRC recovery procedure, the UE accesses the base station on the initial BWP pair, for example, performs a random access procedure, an RRC setup procedure, and/or an RRC recovery procedure on the initial BWP pair, when the UE is again converted from the rrc_idle state or the rrc_inactive state to the rrc_connected state.
In a communication scenario, such as mMTC or an internet of things communication scenario, a new UE type is introduced, which may be referred to as a new wireless reduced (NR-lite) UE. Features of the NR-lite UE include at least one of supporting smaller bandwidth, requiring low power consumption, and/or for bursty packet transmission. The UE may also be referred to as a lightweight UE, a simple UE, or other names, and embodiments of the present application are not limited. Based on the characteristics of the NR-lite UE, in order to reduce the power consumption of the NR-lite UE, the UE may be set to an RRC_IDLE state or an RRC_INACTIVE state when there is no data transmission of the UE for a period of time, and the UE establishes an RRC connection with the base station from the initial BWP pair to transition to the RRC_CONNECTED state when there is a new packet transmission of the UE. Since the initial BWP pair is a common BWP pair in a cell and is generally narrow in bandwidth, when NR-lite UEs are more in a communication scenario and need to switch frequently between rrc_idle state or rrc_inactive state and rrc_connected state, there are a large number of NR-lite UEs accessing the base station simultaneously on the same narrowband BWP pair, resulting in congestion and low access success rate. Further, when a large number of NR-lite UEs and base stations transmit data on an initial BWP pair, for example, PDSCH and/or PUSCH, the data congestion may be caused due to the narrower bandwidth of the initial BWP pair, and the delay of data transmission is larger.
The embodiment of the application uses NR-lite UE as an illustration of technical problems, but the embodiment of the application can be applied to various types of UE, such as traditional (legacy) UE, common UE and the like, so as to improve the access success rate of the UE or the user experience.
In order to reduce congestion, embodiments of the present application provide a new method of communicating over a BWP (pair), which may be used for both BWP-based and BWP-based designs.
In the embodiment of the application, in the BWP pair-based design, one BWP can be used for downlink signal transmission or uplink signal transmission, but cannot be used for both downlink signal transmission and uplink signal transmission. In this design, when the base station and the UE communicate on a carrier, one or more BWP pairs may be configured for the UE from the resources of the carrier for communication between the base station and the UE. One BWP pair may include at least one downstream BWP and at least one upstream BWP. For example, a BWP pair includes one downstream BWP and one upstream BWP, or a BWP pair includes one downstream BWP, one upstream BWP and one auxiliary upstream (supplementary uplink, SUL) BWP. A BWP, for example, a downlink BWP or an uplink BWP, may include a continuous frequency domain resource, for example, including a number of consecutive subcarriers, resource Blocks (RBs), or resource block groups (resource block group, RBGs), etc.
For one BWP pair, the base station and the UE perform downlink signal transmission on a downlink BWP in the BWP pair, which is transmitted from the base station to the UE, and uplink signal transmission on an uplink BWP in the BWP pair, which is transmitted from the UE to the base station, when the base station and the UE communicate on the BWP pair. Illustratively, the base station transmits paging messages, synchronization signals, broadcast channels, physical downlink control channels (physical downlink control channel, PDCCH), physical downlink shared channels (physical downlink SHARED CHANNEL, PDSCH), and/or reference signals, etc. to the UEs on the downlink BWP, and/or the UEs transmit physical uplink shared channels (SHARED CHANNEL, PUSCH), physical uplink control channels (physical uplink control channel, PUCCH), and/or reference signals, etc. to the base station on the uplink BWP.
Alternatively, the base station may configure one or more (e.g., 2,3, 4, or other number) candidate BWP pairs for the UE, from which the base station may configure at least one active BWP pair for the UE, which may be used for data transmission by the base station and the UE.
In the embodiment of the application, in the BWP-based design, one BWP can be used for carrying out downlink signal transmission and uplink signal transmission. In this design, when the base station and the UE communicate on a carrier, one or more BWP may be configured for the UE from the resources of the carrier for communication between the base station and the UE. A BWP may include a continuous segment of frequency domain resources, for example, including a number of consecutive subcarriers, or Resource Blocks (RBs), etc. The BWP may include an upstream portion and/or a downstream portion.
Illustratively, for a BWP, the base station and the UE communicate on the BWP, if a downlink resource portion is included in the BWP, the base station transmits a paging message, a synchronization signal, a broadcast channel, a PDCCH, a PDSCH, and/or a reference signal to the UE on the downlink resource portion of the BWP, and/or if an uplink resource portion is included in the BWP, the UE transmits a PUSCH, a PUCCH, and/or a reference signal, etc. to the base station on the uplink resource portion of the BWP.
Alternatively, the base station may configure one or more candidate BWP for the UE, and the base station may configure at least one active BWP for the UE from among the one or more candidate BWP, the active BWP being used for data transmission by the base station and the UE.
The method provided by the embodiment of the application is suitable for the BWP pair-based design and the BWP pair-based design. For simplicity of description, the solution provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described by taking a BWP pair-based design as an example, and when the solution is used for the BWP-based design, the BWP pair is replaced with BWP (for example, denoted as BWP a), then the uplink BWP in the BWP pair is replaced with BWP a (for example, an uplink resource portion in BWP a), and the downlink BWP in the BWP pair is replaced with BWP a (for example, a downlink resource portion in BWP a), that is, the functions of both the downlink BWP and the uplink BWP in the BWP pair are implemented on BWP a. In addition, BWP in the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application (including uplink BWP, downlink BWP, or BWP introduced in the BWP-based design) is intended to illustrate resources for communication, and the BWP may be replaced by a subband, a transmission bandwidth, and/or a component carrier, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a technical solution provided by an embodiment of the present application.
In operation 201, the RRC state of the UE is an rrc_idle state or an rrc_inactive state, and the UE camps on the first BWP pair.
As described above, the UE may access the base station and communicate with the base station. The UE may perform an RRC establishment procedure with the base station during or after accessing the base station, and after the RRC connection is established with the base station, the RRC state of the UE is an rrc_connected state. The RRC state of the UE may then transition among the rrc_idle state, the rrc_connected state, and the rrc_inactive state.
Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an RRC state transition example of a UE according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3:
1. In the rrc_connected state, the base station may cause the state of the UE to be converted from the rrc_connected state to the rrc_idle state or the rrc_inactive state through an RRC release procedure, for example, transmitting an RRC release (RRCRELEASE) message to the UE.
Illustratively, when the UE is in the rrc_connected state, there is a connection between the UE and the base station. At this time, the base station knows that the UE is within the coverage area of the base station or within the management range of the base station, for example, the base station knows that the UE is within the coverage area of a cell managed by the base station, the core network knows which base station the UE is within the coverage area or within the management range, and the core network knows through which base station the UE can be located or found.
When the UE is in rrc_connected state, the base station and the UE may perform transmission of a UE-specific data channel and/or a control channel, so that specific information or unicast information of the UE may be transmitted. For example, the base station may transmit UE-specific physical downlink control channels (physical downlink control channel, PDCCH) and/or PDSCH to the UE, and/or the UE may transmit UE-specific PUSCH and/or physical uplink control channels (physical uplink control channel, PUCCH) to the base station.
Illustratively, the UE-specific PDCCH satisfies one or more of the following conditions that a resource location of the PDCCH is specific to the UE, a cyclic redundancy check (cyclic redundancy check, CRC) of the PDCCH is scrambled by an identity of the UE, the PDCCH being used to schedule the UE-specific PDSCH or PUSCH. Wherein, the PDCCH is used for scheduling PDSCH and/or PUSCH may also be described as that the PDCCH is used for carrying transmission parameters of the PDSCH and/or PUSCH. The transmission parameters of the PDSCH or PUSCH include one or more of time domain resource locations, frequency domain resource locations, modulation coding schemes (modulation and coding scheme, MCS), modulation schemes, coding schemes, transport block sizes (transport block size, TBS), and redundancy versions (redundancy version, RV), frequency hopping indications, and power control commands. In an embodiment of the application, the identity of the UE may be a cell radio network temporary identity (cell radio network temporary identifier, C-RNTI) of the UE or other type of radio network temporary identity (radio network temporary identifier, RNTI) of the UE.
Illustratively, the UE-specific PDSCH satisfies one or more of the following conditions that the transmission parameters of the PDSCH are specific to the UE or the UE group in which the UE is located, the PDSCH is scheduled by the UE-specific PDCCH, the CRC of the PDSCH is scrambled by the identity of the UE, and the information carried on the PDSCH is specific to the UE or the UE group in which the UE is located.
Illustratively, the UE-specific PUSCH satisfies one or more of the following conditions that the transmission parameters of the PUSCH are specific to the UE or to the UE group in which the UE is located, the PUSCH is scheduled by the UE-specific PDCCH, the CRC of the PUSCH is scrambled by the identity of the UE, and the information carried on the PUSCH is specific to the UE or to the UE group in which the UE is located.
Illustratively, the UE-specific PUCCH satisfies one or more of the following conditions, the transmission parameters of the PUCCH being specific to the UE or the UE group in which the UE is located, the CRC of the PUCCH being scrambled by the identity of the UE, the information carried on the PUCCH being specific to the UE or the UE group in which the UE is located.
2. In the rrc_idle state, the UE may transition the state of the UE from the rrc_idle state to the rrc_connected state through an RRC setup procedure. In the rrc_idle state, after the UE receives the paging message from the base station or after being triggered by a higher layer of the UE, the UE may initiate an RRC establishment procedure in an attempt to establish an RRC connection with the base station to enter the rrc_connected state. For example, the RRC establishment procedure between the UE and the base station includes the UE sending an RRC establishment request (RRCSetupResuest) message to the base station, the base station sending an RRC establishment (RRCSetup) message to the UE so that the state of the UE can be transitioned to the RRC_CONNECTED state, or the base station sending an RRC reject (RRCReject) message to the UE so that the UE continues to stay in the RRC_IDLE state.
When the UE is in rrc_idle state, there is no connection between the UE and the base station. At this time, the base station does not know whether the UE is within the coverage of the base station or within the management range of the base station, for example, the base station does not know whether the UE is within the coverage of a cell managed by the base station, the core network does not know which base station the UE is within the coverage of or within the management range, and the core network does not know through which base station the UE can be located or found.
When the UE is in the rrc_idle state, the UE may receive a paging message, a synchronization signal, a broadcast message, and/or system information, etc. from the base station. In this case, the UE cannot perform unicast data transmission with the base station, for example, cannot receive the UE-specific PDSCH and PDCCH from the base station, or cannot transmit the UE-specific PUSCH and PUCCH to the base station.
In the embodiment of the application, the scenario that the higher layer of the UE triggers the UE to initiate the RRC establishment process includes, but is not limited to, that the UE needs to send information to the base station. Illustratively, the service data adaptation protocol (SERVICE DATA adaptation protocol, SDAP) layer, packet data convergence layer protocol (PACKET DATA convergence protocol, PDCP) layer, and/or radio link control (radio link control, RLC) layer of the UE triggers the RRC layer of the UE and the base station to perform an RRC setup procedure, and the RRC layer of the UE triggers the medium access control (MEDIA ACCESS control, MAC) layer of the UE and the base station to perform an access procedure, thereby performing an RRC setup procedure during or after the access.
3. In the rrc_inactive state, the UE may transition the state of the UE from the rrc_inactive state to the rrc_connected state through an RRC setup or RRC resume (resume) procedure, and the base station may transition the state of the UE from the rrc_inactive state to the rrc_idle state through an RRC release procedure. In the rrc_inactive state, after the UE receives the paging message from the base station or after being triggered by a higher layer of the UE, the UE may initiate an RRC recovery procedure in an attempt to recover the RRC connection with the base station to enter the rrc_connected state. For example, the RRC recovery procedure between the UE and the base station includes the UE sending an RRC recovery request (RRCResumeResuest) message to the base station, the base station sending an RRC setup (RRCSetup) message or an RRC recovery (RRCResume) message to the UE so that the state of the UE can be changed to an RRC_CONNECTED state, or the base station sending an RRC release (RRCRELEASE) message to the UE so that the state of the UE is changed from an RRC_INACTIVE state to an RRC_IDLE state, or the base station sending an RRC reject (RRCReject) message to the UE so that the UE continues to stay in the RRC_INACTIVE state.
When the UE is in rrc_inactive state, there is no connection between the UE and the base station. At this time, the base station does not know whether the UE is within the coverage of the base station or within the management range of the base station, for example, the base station does not know whether the UE is within the coverage of a cell managed by the base station, the core network knows which base station the UE is within the coverage of or within the management range, and the core network knows through which base station the UE can be located or found.
When the UE is in the rrc_inactive state, the UE may receive paging messages, synchronization signals, broadcast messages, and/or system information, etc. from the base station.
In an embodiment of the present application, the UE resides on a first BWP pair, which may be the initial BWP pair described previously, and downlink BWP of the first BWP pair is used to receive the paging message from the base station. The downlink BWP of the first BWP pair may also be used to receive one or more of a synchronization signal (synchronization signal, SS), a physical broadcast channel (physical broadcast channel, PBCH), and system information from the base station. The synchronization signal may be a separate signal, e.g., synchronization signal, SS, or may include multiple separate signals, e.g., a primary synchronization signal (primary synchronization signal, PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (secondary synchronization signal, SSs). The PSS, SSS and PBCH may be transmitted in separate forms or may be transmitted in a combined form, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. When PSS, SSS and PBCH are transmitted in a combination, the combination may be referred to as a synchronization signal block (synchronization signal block, SSB). The information carried on the PBCH may also be referred to as a master information block (master information block, MIB). The system information may be carried on PDSCH, which may be considered a common PDSCH, in the form of system information blocks (system information block, SIBs) that may be received by all UEs in the cell.
The UE camping on the first BWP pair may also be described as the RRC state of the UE being either rrc_inactive state or rrc_connected state, the UE listening for paging messages on the first BWP pair. The UE may also receive SSB and/or system information from the base station over the first BWP pair.
The first BWP pair is a common BWP pair for a plurality of UEs in a cell in which the UEs are located to receive the above-described paging message, SSB, and/or system information. For example for all UEs in the cell in which the UE is located, or for a group of UEs in the cell in which the UE is located. Wherein the set of UEs is a plurality of UEs in a cell in which the UE is located, the set of UEs including the UE. In the embodiment of the present application, a group of UEs may include 2, 3, 4,5 or more UEs, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present application.
In operation 202, the UE switches from the first BWP to a second BWP pair, and transmits UE-specific information between the second BWP and the base station, or accesses the base station.
For example, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, after the UE and the base station establish an RRC connection, the RRC state of the UE is rrc_connected, and the base station and the UE may perform transmission of the UE-specific data channel and/or control channel. Assuming that the state of the UE is rrc_connected state, the UE operates on the fourth BWP pair. The fourth BWP pair may be the same as or different from the first BWP pair, the second BWP pair, or the third BWP pair, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited. Subsequently, the base station may send an RRC release message to the UE such that the state of the UE transitions to an rrc_idle state or an rrc_inactive state, and the UE switches from the fourth BWP pair to the first BWP pair, camps on the first BWP pair, and listens on the first BWP pair for paging messages. After higher layer triggering of the UE or after the UE receives a paging message from the base station on the downlink BWP of the first BWP pair, the UE switches from the first BWP to the second BWP pair, and the UE accesses the base station on the second BWP pair or performs transmission of UE-specific information on the second BWP pair and the base station. Optionally, the base station may also send one or more of a paging message, a synchronization signal, a PBCH, and a system message for the UE on the second BWP pair.
In this case, when the UE is in the rrc_idle state or the rrc_inactive state, camping on the common first BWP pair listens for paging messages, and when the UE needs to perform information transmission with the base station, the UE switches from the common first BWP to the second BWP pair of the UE to access the base station on the second BWP pair or performs UE-specific information transmission with the base station on the second BWP pair. By the method, a plurality of UEs can be dispersed on each specific second BWP pair to access the base station or carry out information transmission, so that congestion is avoided.
The second BWP pair is specific to the UE or to the UE group in which the UE is located.
In one possible design, the first BWP pair is specific to all UEs in the cell in which the UE is located, and the second BWP pair is specific to the UE or to the first UE group in which the UE is located. The UE is included in the first UE group.
In one possible design, the first BWP pair is for a second group of UEs in the cell, the second BWP pair being specific to the UE. In a cell, specific second BWP pairs of different UEs may be the same or different, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present application. The UE is included in the second UE group.
The first UE group and the second UE group may be the same or different, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited.
For operation 202, there may be the following designs 1 and 2.
Design 1. The RRC state of the UE camping on the first BWP pair is either rrc_idle state or rrc_inactive state, and the UE accesses the base station on the second BWP pair.
The method may be described as a UE being handed over from a first BWP pair to a second BWP pair of the UE, a downlink BWP of the first BWP pair being used for a plurality of UEs in a cell in which the UE is located to receive paging messages from a base station, wherein the plurality of UEs include the UE, an RRC state of the UE being an rrc_idle state or an rrc_inactive state while on the first BWP pair, and the UE accessing the base station on the second BWP pair.
Illustratively, as described above, a UE in the rrc_idle state or rrc_inactive state resides on the first BWP pair, and listens for paging messages on the first BWP pair. When the higher layer of the UE triggers uplink data transmission or when the UE receives a paging message from the base station on the downlink BWP of the first BWP pair to trigger downlink data transmission, the UE switches from the first BWP pair to the second BWP pair and accesses the base station on the second BWP pair. During or after accessing the base station, the UE may perform RRC establishment with the base station on the second BWP pair such that the state of the UE is converted from the rrc_idle state or the rrc_inactive state to the rrc_connected state. The base station and the UE may then transmit the UE-specific data channel and/or control channel on the second BWP pair.
When the UE camps on the first BWP pair, the RRC state of the UE is rrc_idle or rrc_inactive, by the method shown in design 1, for a plurality of UEs in a cell, the plurality of UEs camps on the same common first BWP pair, but accesses the base station on each UE-specific second BWP pair, so that the plurality of UEs can be dispersed on the plurality of second BWP pairs to access the base station, reduce collision between the plurality of UEs, reduce congestion, and improve access success rate of the UEs.
In the embodiment of the application, when the UE accesses the base station, a four-step access method or a two-step access method can be adopted.
Illustratively, fig. 4A is a flowchart illustrating a four-step access method. In the four-step access method, the UE sends an access preamble (preamble) to the base station through a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), that is, sends a message 1 to the base station, after receiving the access preamble, the base station sends a random access response (random access response, RAR) to the UE, that is, the base station sends a message 2 to the UE, the RAR may indicate a resource location of PUSCH, the UE sends a message 3 to the base station through PUSCH according to the resource location of PUSCH indicated by the message 2, and after receiving the message 3, the base station may send a message 4 to the UE. Alternatively, the message 3 may include an RRC setup request (RRCSetupResuest) message or an RRC resume request (RRCResumeResuest) message. Alternatively, one or more of the following information, namely, an RRC setup (RRCSetup) message, an RRC resume (RRCResume) message, an acknowledgement (acknowledgement)/negative acknowledgement (negative acknowledgement, NACK) of the PUSCH in the message 3, a power control command, and the like, may be included in the message 4.
Illustratively, fig. 4B is a flowchart illustrating a two-step access method. In the two-step access method, the UE transmits an access preamble (preamble) to the base station through the PRACH, and transmits uplink data to the base station through the PUSCH, namely, the UE transmits a message A to the base station, and after receiving the message A, the base station transmits a message B to the UE. Alternatively, the message a may include an RRC setup request (RRCSetupResuest) message or an RRC resume request (RRCResumeResuest) message. Alternatively, one or more of the following information, such as an RRC setup (RRCSetup) message, an RRC resume (RRCResume) message, an ACK/NACK for the PUSCH in message A, a power control command, and the like, may be included in message B.
Optionally, the RRC state of the UE is an rrc_idle state or an rrc_inactive state in the first BWP pair, and the UE switches from the first BWP pair to a second BWP pair, where it accesses the base station. After or during the access to the base station, the UE and the base station perform an RRC establishment procedure, so that the RRC state of the UE is switched from an rrc_idle state or an rrc_inactive state to an rrc_connected state.
Optionally, in the first BWP pair, the UE switches from the first BWP pair to the second BWP pair, where it accesses the base station, in the RRC state rrc_inactive state of the UE. After or during the access to the base station, the UE and the base station perform an RRC recovery procedure, so that the RRC state of the UE is switched from the rrc_inactive state to the rrc_connected state.
When the UE switches to the second BWP pair, operates on the second BWP pair, and the RRC state of the UE is the rrc_connected state, the base station and the UE may perform transmission of the UE-specific data channel and/or control channel on the second BWP pair.
In the embodiment of the present application, when the base station and the UE transmit the UE-specific data channel and/or the control channel on the second BWP pair, the base station may transmit the UE-specific physical downlink control channel (physical downlink control channel, PDCCH) and/or PDSCH to the UE on the downlink BWP in the second BWP pair, and/or the UE may transmit the UE-specific PUSCH to the base station on the uplink BWP in the second BWP pair.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, when the UE is operating on the second BWP pair and the RRC state of the UE is rrc_connected state, the base station may further configure the UE with a new active BWP pair, e.g. a third BWP pair, switch from the second BWP to the third BWP pair, and transmit UE-specific data channels and/or control channels on the third BWP pair and the base station. By the method, the base station can update the active BWP pair of the UE according to the service type, the channel condition or the system load of the UE, so that the signal quality on the active BWP pair for the communication between the base station and the UE is higher or the available resources are more, and the information transmission success rate is higher or the transmission rate is higher.
In the embodiment of the present application, the base station configures a new active BWP pair for the UE, and illustratively, on a downlink BWP on the second BWP pair, the base station transmits a PDCCH for the UE, the PDCCH indicating that the new active BWP pair of the UE is a third BWP pair in the candidate BWP pair set of the UE. Upon receiving the PDCCH, the UE switches from the second BWP pair to a third BWP pair on which to transmit UE-specific data channels and/or control channels with the base station. The method of UE transmitting the UE-specific data channel and/or control channel on the third BWP pair and the base station is similar to the method of UE transmitting the UE-specific data channel and/or control channel on the second BWP pair and the base station, and the second BWP pair may be replaced with the third BWP pair, which is not described herein. Wherein the set of candidate BWP pairs of the UE includes one or more BWP pairs, and the set of candidate BWP pairs may be configured for the UE through a broadcast channel, a system message, an RRC message, or a MAC Control Element (CE).
Design 2. The RRC state of the UE camping on the first BWP pair is rrc_inactive state, and the UE performs transmission of UE specific information on the second BWP pair and the base station.
The method may be described as a UE switching from a first BWP pair to a second BWP pair, a downlink BWP of the first BWP pair being used for a plurality of UEs in a cell in which the UE is located to receive paging messages from a base station, wherein the plurality of UEs include the UE, an RRC state of the UE being an rrc_inactive state when on the first BWP pair, and transmitting specific information of the UE on the second BWP pair and the base station, wherein the RRC state of the UE is the rrc_inactive state when on the second BWP pair. For example, the RRC state of the UE is an rrc_inactive state when the second BWP pair transmits specific information of the UE to the base station.
In this design, the UE in rrc_inactive state may utilize the second BWP pair for unicast data transmission or for transmission of UE-specific information. The RRC state of the UE is rrc_inactive state in the first BWP pair, and the UE switches from the first BWP pair to the second BWP pair, on which the UE-specific data channel and/or control channel transmission is performed with the base station.
Optionally, the UE then switches from the second BWP pair to the first BWP pair, continuing to camp on the first BWP pair. In this procedure, the RRC state of the UE is the rrc_inactive state.
Illustratively, as described above, the UE in the rrc_inactive state camps on the first BWP pair, listening for paging messages on the first BWP pair. When the higher layer of the UE triggers uplink data transmission or when the UE receives a paging message from the base station on the downlink BWP of the first BWP pair to trigger downlink data transmission, the UE switches from the first BWP pair to the second BWP pair, and the state of the UE remains in rrc_inactive state, and the specific information of the UE is transmitted on the second BWP pair and the base station. After the transmission is completed, the UE may switch back from the second BWP to the first BWP pair, camp again on the first BWP pair in the rrc_inactive state, to listen for paging messages, synchronization signals, broadcast messages, and/or system messages, etc.
When the UE camps on the first BWP pair and the RRC state of the UE is rrc_inactive state, the method shown in design 2 is designed to enable a plurality of UEs in a cell to camp on the same common first BWP pair, but transmit UE specific information on each UE specific second BWP pair and the base station, so that the information of the plurality of UEs can be dispersed on the plurality of second BWP pairs, reduce data congestion, avoid long transmission delay of the information of the UEs, avoid interference among the plurality of UEs, and improve the demodulation success rate of the information of the UEs.
Fig. 5A to 5E are exemplary diagrams of a flow of UE specific information transmission by a UE in an rrc_inactive state using a second BWP pair.
Fig. 5A shows uplink data transmission.
In operation a501, the UE is in an rrc_connected state, and the base station transmits an RRC release message to the UE, so that the state of the UE is converted into an rrc_inactive state.
When the UE is in the rrc_connected state, the UE operates on a fourth BWP pair, which may be the same as or different from the first BWP pair, the second BWP pair, or the third BWP pair, and embodiments of the present application are not limited. Alternatively, the RRC release message may also be used to indicate the configuration of the second BWP pair, as described below.
In operation a502, the UE camps on the first BWP pair.
After the state of the UE transitions from the rrc_connected state to the rrc_inactive state, the UE camps on the first BWP pair.
In operation a503, the UE transmits UE-specific data to the base station on the uplink BWP of the second BWP pair.
When the higher layer of the UE triggers, the UE switches from the first BWP pair to the second BWP pair.
In design 2, when UE transmits UE-specific data to the base station, the UE may transmit through an uplink physical layer data channel, for example, through PUSCH. The transmission parameters of the PUSCH may be predefined, or may be configured by the base station for the UE, or may be predefined by a part of kinds of transmission parameters configured by the base station for the UE. The PUSCH satisfies one or more of the following conditions that the transmission parameters of the PUSCH are specific to the UE or the UE group in which the UE is located, that the CRC of the PUSCH is scrambled by the identity of the UE, and that the information carried on the PUSCH is specific to the UE or the UE group in which the UE is located.
In design 2, the base station may configure the UE with the transmission parameters of the PUSCH by one of the RRC release message in operation a501, the PBCH sent to the UE on the first BWP pair or the second BWP pair, the system message, or the PDCCH/PDSCH previously received from the base station (e.g., the PDCCH/PDSCH previously received, the PDCCH/PDSCH received at the previous data transmission or the previous traffic transmission).
Illustratively, in embodiments of the present application, the UE-specific data/information sent to or received from the base station by the UE may include one or more of voice, video, electronic mail (email), chat information, electronic payment, and/or web pages viewed, among others.
Optionally, in operation a504, the UE receives Acknowledgement (ACK)/negative acknowledgement (negative acknowledgement, NACK) feedback of the PUSCH transmitted in operation a503 on the downlink BWP of the second BWP pair.
In one traffic transmission, the UE may perform operations a503 and a504 at least once (e.g., 1,2, or more times, etc.). For example, in one traffic transmission, if there are more uplink data to be transmitted by the UE, the UE may perform operations a503 and a504 multiple times without completing the transmission through one PUSCH. As another example, the UE may perform multiple traffic transmissions over multiple PUSCH transmissions on the second BWP pair.
In operation a505, the UE again resides on the first BWP pair.
Illustratively, the UE, after transmitting one or more traffic to the base station, switches from the second BWP pair to the first BWP pair and re-camps on the first BWP pair.
Illustratively, after the UE transmits one or more traffic to the base station, the first timer is started, and the first timer is restarted when the UE has new traffic to send to the base station or when PUSCH is sent to the base station. After the first timer expires, the UE switches from the second BWP to the first BWP pair and re-camps on the first BWP pair.
The uplink data transmission is shown in fig. 5B.
Operations B501-B502 are the same as operations A501-A502.
In operation B503, the UE transmits the preamble and the UE-specific data to the base station on the uplink BWP of the second BWP pair.
In addition to including operation a503, the UE in operation B503 may also transmit an access preamble (preamble), which may also be referred to as a preamble, to the base station. Illustratively, the UE transmits a preamble to the base station through a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) channel, and the base station may estimate a timing advance (TIMING ADVANCE, TA) and/or a channel of the UE using the preamble for demodulating a PUSCH transmitted by the UE.
Operations B504-B505 are the same as operations a504-a505. Similar to fig. 5A, operation B504 is an option.
The uplink data transmission is shown in fig. 5C.
Operations C501-C502 are the same as operations A501-A502.
In operation C503, the UE transmits the preamble to the base station on the uplink BWP of the second BWP pair.
When the higher layer of the UE triggers, the UE switches from the first BWP pair to the second BWP pair.
Illustratively, the UE sends a preamble to the base station over the PRACH channel, which may estimate the timing advance (TIMING ADVANCE, TA) of the UE using the preamble.
In operation C504, the UE receives a random access response (random access response, RAR) from the base station on the downlink BWP of the second BWP pair. The RAR may be used to indicate the TA of the UE, and/or transmission parameters of the PUSCH of the UE.
Operation C505 includes operation a503.
With respect to operation a503, alternatively, in operation C505, the transmission parameters of the PUSCH may be indicated for the UE by the base station through the RAR in operation C504.
Operations C506-C507 are the same as operations A504-A505. Similar to fig. 5A, operation C506 is an option.
The downlink data transmission is shown in fig. 5D.
Operations D501-D502 are the same as operations A501-A502.
In operation D503, the UE receives specific data of the UE from the base station on the downlink BWP of the second BWP pair.
Upon receiving the paging message transmitted by the base station on the first BWP pair, the UE switches from the first BWP pair to the second BWP pair and receives downlink data transmitted by the base station on the second BWP pair.
When the base station transmits UE-specific data to the UE, the UE may transmit the UE-specific data through a downlink physical layer data channel, for example, PDSCH. The transmission parameters of the PDSCH may be predefined, or may be configured by the base station for the UE, or may be predefined for a part of kinds of transmission parameters configured by the base station for the UE. The PDSCH satisfies one or more of the following conditions that the transmission parameters of the PDSCH are UE-specific or UE group-specific in which the UE is located, that the CRC of the PDSCH is scrambled by the identity of the UE, and that the information carried on the PDSCH is UE-specific or UE group-specific in which the UE is located.
The base station configures transmission parameters of the PDSCH for the UE may be configured by one of the RRC release message in operation D501, the PBCH transmitted to the UE on the first BWP pair or the second BWP pair, or the system message, or the paging message transmitted by the base station received on the first BWP pair.
Optionally, in operation D504, the UE transmits ACK/NACK of the PDSCH to the base station on the uplink BWP of the second BWP pair.
The UE may perform operation D503 and operation D504 at least once (e.g., 1,2, or more times, etc.) on the second BWP pair.
In operation D505, the UE again resides on the first BWP pair.
For example, the UE starts the second timer after receiving the first PDSCH from the base station or transmitting the first ACK/NACK to the base station, and restarts the timer after receiving the second PDSCH from the base station or transmitting the second ACK/NACK to the base station. After the timer expires, the UE switches from the second BWP pair to the first BWP pair and re-camps on the first BWP pair.
The downlink data transmission is shown in fig. 5E.
Operations E501-E502 are the same as operations A501-A502.
In operation E503, the UE transmits a preamble to the base station on an uplink BWP of the second BWP pair.
Upon receiving the paging message sent by the base station on the first BWP pair, the UE switches from the first BWP to the second BWP pair.
The UE sends the preamble to the base station through the PRACH channel, and the base station may learn that the UE is still located in the coverage area of the base station by using the preamble, so that downlink data may be sent to the UE, thereby avoiding waste of downlink resources. Wherein the identity of the UE may be identified by one or more of a sequence value, a time domain resource, a frequency domain resource, and a code resource of the preamble so that the base station knows which UE transmitted the preamble.
Operations E504-E506, as well as operations D503-D505.
Alternatively, the UE may have both downlink and uplink data transmission when performing data transmission on the second BWP pair, or may have multiple uplink data transmission, for example, fig. 5F-5L may be obtained by combining the steps in fig. 5A to 5E.
In the above methods, the UE may obtain the information of the second BWP pair by configuring the second BWP pair method 1, the second BWP pair method 2, or any one of the second BWP pair methods 3 as follows:
configuring the second BWP pair method 1:
the second BWP pair is predefined. For example, the resource location of the second BWP pair is fixed or predefined, for example, the relative resource locations of the second BWP pair and the first BWP pair are fixed or predefined.
By the method, the second BWP pair does not need to be configured through additional signaling, and signaling overhead between the base station and the UE can be saved.
Configuring the second BWP method 2:
the second BWP pair is configured for the UE by the base station through signaling. The UE receives a configuration of the second BWP pair from the network device.
The base station may configure the second BWP pair for the UE, may configure information of the second BWP pair for the UE, or may configure information of a set of candidate second BWP pairs for the UE and indicate an index of the second BWP pair of the UE from the set of candidate second BWP pairs, or may configure information of the set of candidate second BWP pairs for the UE, which may select the second BWP pair of the UE from the set of candidate second BWP pairs, alternatively the UE may indicate the selected second BWP pair to the base station through signaling. Wherein the set of candidate second BWP pairs includes one or more candidate second BWP pairs, each candidate second BWP pair corresponds to an index, the configuring of the set of candidate second BWP pairs for the UE may be further described as configuring information of each candidate second BWP pair in the set of candidate second BWP pairs for the UE, the second BWP pair or the selected second BWP pair indicated in the set of candidate second BWP pairs may be referred to as an active second BWP pair of the UE or an operating second BWP pair of the UE, and the second BWP pair or the selected second BWP pair indicated in the set of candidate second BWP pairs may be one second BWP pair or a plurality of second BWP pairs, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present application.
By the method, the base station can configure the second BWP pair according to the channel condition or service type of the UE, so that the channel quality is better when the information of the UE is transmitted on the second BWP pair, and the transmission success rate is high.
Illustratively, the base station configures the second BWP pair for the UE, and transmits an RRC release message, a PBCH, a system message, or a paging message to the UE, where the RRC release message, the PBCH, the system message, or the paging message includes an indication of information of the second BWP pair configured for the UE, or information of the second BWP pair configured for the UE.
By the method, the base station can update the configuration of the second BWP pair according to the change of the channel condition, the service type or the system load of the UE, so that the success rate of information transmission of the UE is improved, or the transmission time delay of the information of the UE is reduced.
In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the base station may release the RRC connection with the UE through the RRC release message, and cause the UE to transition to the rrc_idle state or the rrc_inactive state. In the RRC release message, the base station may configure the second BWP pair for the UE.
In the second BWP pair configuration method 2, the PBCH, the system message, or the paging message may be received by the UE on the first BWP pair or may be received before the UE camps on the first BWP pair, for example, the UE receives on the fourth BWP pair described in fig. 5A-5E, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
Illustratively, the base station indicates the index of the second BWP pair of the UE from the set of candidate second BWP pairs through the RRC release message. Wherein the information of the candidate second BWP pair set is configured by the base station for the UE through the PBCH, the system message, or the paging message, or is predefined.
The base station indicates an index of the second BWP pair of the UE from the candidate second BWP pair set by a paging message, for example. Wherein the information of the candidate second BWP pair set is configured for the UE by the base station through an RRC release message, a PBCH, or a system message, or is predefined.
Illustratively, the base station indicates an index of the second BWP pair of the UE from the set of candidate second BWP pairs through the PBCH. Wherein the information of the candidate second BWP pair set is configured for the UE by the base station through an RRC release message, a paging message, or a system message, or is predefined.
The base station indicates an index of the second BWP pair of the UE from the set of candidate second BWP pairs by a system message, for example. Wherein the information of the candidate second BWP pair set is configured for the UE by the base station through an RRC release message, a paging message, or a PBCH, or is predefined.
The base station configures the UE with or predefines the information of the set of candidate second BWP pairs, illustratively through an RRC release message, a PBCH, a system message, or a paging message, and the UE selects a second BWP pair of the UE from the set of candidate second BWP pairs.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, when the base station configures information of one (candidate) second BWP pair for the UE, one or more of a BWP Identifier (ID), a time domain resource location, a frequency domain resource location, a subcarrier spacing, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) type, configuration information of a physical uplink control channel (physical uplink control channel, PUCCH) transmitted on the BWP, configuration information of a PUSCH transmitted on the BWP, and configuration information of a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmitted on the BWP may be configured for the uplink BWP of the (candidate) second BWP pair.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, when the base station configures the UE with the information of one (candidate) second BWP pair, one or more of BWP ID, time domain resource location, frequency domain resource location, subcarrier spacing, CP type, configuration information of PDCCH transmitted on the BWP, and configuration information of PDSCH transmitted on the BWP may be configured for the downlink BWP of the (candidate) second BWP pair.
Illustratively, the signaling format of the configuration of the second BWP pair carried in the RRC release message is as follows. Wherein the cell of the RRC release message is RRCRELEASE-IEs.
Illustratively, the signaling format of the index of the second BWP pair carried in the RRC release message is as follows. Wherein the information element of the RRC release message is RRCRELEASE-IEs, and the information domain of the index of the second BWP pair is
ResumeBWPpairIndex the information of the candidate second BWP pair is configured in the system message SIB 1-NB-IEs.
Illustratively, in the signaling formats of the two examples above, the configured cells of the second BWP pair
BWPpairConfig are as follows.
Alternatively, for the configuration of the PDCCH, it may be indicated in the configuration that the PDCCH and the SSB, synchronization signal, or PBCH transmitted on the first BWP pair are quasi co-located (QCL), i.e., the PDCCH and the SSB, synchronization signal, or PBCH transmitted on the first BWP pair share the same channel conditions. Illustratively, after receiving an SSB on the first BWP pair, the UE may obtain a channel estimate of the SSB, which may be used to demodulate the PDCCH.
Alternatively, for the configuration of PDSCH, it may be indicated in the configuration that the SSB, synchronization signal, or PBCH transmitted on the PDSCH and the first BWP pair is QCL, i.e., the SSB, synchronization signal, or PBCH transmitted on the PDSCH and the first BWP pair share the same channel conditions. For example, after receiving an SSB on the first BWP pair, the UE may obtain a channel estimate of the SSB, which may be used to demodulate the PDSCH.
By the method, the UE obtains the channel estimation by using SSB and the like, and demodulates the PDCCH and/or the PDSCH by using the channel estimation result, so that the UE can not need to additionally carry out the channel estimation for the PDCCH or the PDSCH, the implementation complexity of the UE is reduced, and the power consumption of the UE is saved.
Configuring the second BWP method 3:
The second BWP pair is determined according to an Identifier (ID) of the UE. Illustratively, the ID of the UE may be a radio network temporary identity (radio network temporary identifier, RNTI) of the UE or an international mobile equipment identity (international mobile equipment identity, IMEI) of the UE. The RNTI of the UE may be a cell radio network temporary identity (cell radio network temporary identifier, C-RNTI) of the UE or a semi-persistent scheduling-radio network temporary identity (semi-PERSISTENT SCHEDULING RNTI, SPS-RNTI, etc.), which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
Illustratively, the index of the second BWP pair of the UE in the candidate second BWP pair set of the UE is (x×k) mod N. Where x represents the UE ID, K is an integer, K is predefined or the base station is configured for the UE by signaling, N represents the number of candidate second BWP pairs in the set of candidate second BWP pairs of the UE, and mod represents the modulo operation. For the description of the set of candidate second BWP for the UE, please refer to the above-mentioned method 2 for configuring the second BWP, and the description thereof will not be repeated here.
Illustratively, the index of the second BWP pair of the UE in the candidate second BWP pair set of the UE is x0+ (xmod M) xN. Where x represents the UE ID, x0, N and M are integers, x0, N and/or M are predefined or the base station is configured for the UE by signaling. For example, x0, N, and M are all predefined, or x0, N, and M are all configured by the base station for the UE by signaling, or x0 and N are predefined, and M is configured by the base station for the UE by signaling, embodiments of the present application are not limited. Illustratively, N represents the number of candidate second BWP pairs in the set of candidate second BWP pairs for the UE. For the description of the set of candidate second BWP for the UE, please refer to the above-mentioned method 2 for configuring the second BWP, and the description thereof will not be repeated here.
Illustratively, the second BWP of the UE indexes a particular RB (e.g., a start RB, an intermediate RB, or a last RB, etc.) as x0+ (x mod U) P. Wherein x represents a UE ID, x0, P and U are integers, x0, P and/or U are predefined or the base station is configured for the UE by signaling. For example, x0, P, and U are all predefined, or x0, P, and U are all configured by the base station for the UE through signaling, or x0 and P are predefined, and U is configured by the base station for the UE through signaling, the embodiments of the present application are not limited. Illustratively, P represents the number of RBs included in the maximum bandwidth supported by the UE, which may also be described as the bandwidth capability of the UE. For downlink BWP in the second BWP pair, the above formula may obtain an index of a specific RB in the downlink BWP, where P represents the number of RBs included in the maximum downlink bandwidth supported by the UE, and for uplink BWP in the second BWP pair, the above formula may obtain an index of a specific RB in the uplink BWP, where P represents the number of RBs included in the maximum uplink bandwidth supported by the UE. The maximum uplink bandwidth supported by the UE and the maximum downlink bandwidth supported by the UE may be the same or different, and the embodiment of the present application is not limited.
The method provided by the embodiment of the application is described from the aspect of interaction between the base station and the terminal equipment (such as UE). In order to implement the functions in the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, the base station and/or the terminal device may include a hardware structure and/or a software module, and each function is implemented in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module. Some of the functions described above are performed in a hardware configuration, a software module, or a combination of hardware and software modules, depending on the specific application of the solution and design constraints.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus 600 according to an embodiment of the present application.
In one possible implementation, the apparatus 600 may be a terminal device, and may implement a terminal device side method provided by an embodiment of the present application, or the apparatus 600 may be an apparatus capable of supporting a terminal device to implement the method, where the apparatus 600 may be installed in or used in a matching manner with the terminal device.
In another possible implementation, the apparatus 600 may be a base station, and may implement a base station side method provided in the embodiment of the present application, or the apparatus 600 may be an apparatus capable of supporting the base station to implement the method, where the apparatus 600 may be installed in the base station or used in cooperation with the base station.
The apparatus 600 may be a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module. The apparatus 600 may be implemented by a system-on-chip. The apparatus 600 includes a processing module 602 and a communication module 604. The processing module 602 may generate a signal to be transmitted and may transmit the signal using the communication module 604. The processing module 602 may receive signals using the communication module 604 and process the received signals. The processing module 602 is coupled to the communication module 604.
The coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an indirect coupling or connection between devices, units, or modules, which may be in electrical, mechanical, or other form for the exchange of information between the devices, units, or modules. The coupling may be a wired connection or a wireless connection.
In the embodiment of the present application, the communication module may be a circuit, a module, a bus, an interface, a transceiver, a pin, or other devices capable of implementing a transceiver function, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus 700 according to an embodiment of the present application.
In one possible implementation, the apparatus 700 may be a terminal device, and may implement a terminal device side method provided in an embodiment of the present application, or the apparatus 700 may be an apparatus, such as a chip system, capable of supporting a terminal device to implement the method, where the apparatus 700 may be installed in the terminal device or used in a matching manner with the terminal device.
In another possible implementation, the apparatus 700 may be a base station, and may implement a base station side method provided in the embodiment of the present application, or the apparatus 700 may be an apparatus, such as a chip system, capable of supporting the base station to implement the method, where the apparatus 700 may be installed in the base station or used in cooperation with the base station.
As shown in fig. 7, an apparatus 700 includes a processing system 702 therein for implementing the method provided by the embodiment of the present application. The processing system 702 may be a circuit that may be implemented by a system-on-chip. The processing system 702 includes one or more processors 722 that may be used to implement the methods provided by embodiments of the present application. When other devices are included in the processing system 702 than the processor 722, the processor 722 may also be used to manage other devices included in the processing system 702, which may be, for example, one or more of the memory 724, bus 726, and bus interface 728 described below. For example, the processor 722 may be used to manage the memory 724, or the processor 722 may be used to manage the memory 724, bus 726, and bus interface 728.
One or more memories 724 may also be included in the processing system 702 for storing instructions and/or data. Memory 724 may be included in processor 722. If memory 724 is included in processing system 702, processor 722 may be coupled to memory 724. Processor 722 may operate in conjunction with memory 724. Processor 722 can execute instructions stored in memory 724. The methods provided by embodiments of the present application may be implemented when processor 722 executes instructions stored in memory 724. Processor 722 may also read data stored in memory 724. The memory 724 may also store data that is available to the processor 722 when executing instructions.
In an embodiment of the application, the processor may be a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, etc. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or other conventional processor, or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be performed by a hardware processor, or by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
In an embodiment of the application, the memory comprises a volatile memory (RAM), such as a random-access memory (RAM), a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as a flash memory (flash memory), a hard disk (HARD DISK DRIVE, HDD) or a solid state disk (solid-state disk) (STATE DRIVE, SSD), a combination of the above types of memories, and any other device having a storage function, such as a circuit, a device or a software module.
The processing system 702 may also include a bus interface 728 to provide an interface between the bus 726 and other devices. The bus interface may also be referred to as a communication interface, among other things. In the embodiment of the present application, the communication interface may be a circuit, a module, a bus, an interface, a transceiver, a pin, or other devices capable of implementing a transceiver function, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present application.
Optionally, the apparatus 700 comprises a transceiver 706 for communicating with other communication devices via a transmission medium, so that other apparatuses for use in the apparatus 700 may communicate with other communication devices. Wherein the other device may be the processing system 702. Illustratively, other ones of the apparatus 700 may communicate with other communication devices, receive and/or transmit corresponding information, using the transceiver 706. It may also be described that other devices in device 700 may receive the first information, where the first information is received by transceiver 706 over a transmission medium, where the first information may interact between transceiver 706 and other devices in device 700 via bus interface 728 or via bus interface 728 and bus 726, and/or that other devices in device 700 may transmit the second information, where the second information may be transmitted by transceiver 706 over a transmission medium, where the second information may interact between transceiver 706 and other devices in device 700 via bus interface 728 or via bus interface 728 and bus 726.
The apparatus 700 may also include a user interface 704, the user interface 704 being an interface between a user and the apparatus 700, possibly for information interaction with the apparatus 700. By way of example, the user interface 704 may be at least one of a keyboard, a mouse, a display, a speaker (speaker), a microphone, and a joystick.
The foregoing describes a device configuration provided by embodiments of the present application primarily from the perspective of device 700. In this apparatus, the processing system 702 includes a processor 722 and may further include one or more of a memory 724, a bus 726, and a bus interface 728 for implementing a method according to an embodiment of the application. The processing system 702 is also within the scope of the present application.
In the embodiment of the device, the module division of the device is a logic function division, and other division modes can be adopted in actual implementation. For example, each functional module of the apparatus may be integrated into one module, each functional module may exist alone, or two or more functional modules may be integrated into one module.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can be realized completely or partially by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, produces a flow or function in accordance with embodiments of the present application, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a terminal device, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, or digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, or microwave, etc.). The computer readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains an integration of one or more available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD)), or a semiconductor medium, etc.
In the embodiments of the present application, where there is no logical conflict, embodiments may be referred to each other, for example, methods and/or terms between method embodiments may be referred to each other, for example, functions and/or terms between apparatus embodiments and method embodiments may be referred to each other.
Various modifications and alterations to the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, the present application is intended to include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims, the examples, or the equivalents thereof.