CN1147070A - Optical system of projector with optical aberration compensation lens - Google Patents

Abstract

An optical system with aberrant compensating lens for searchlight features that based on a prior Mangin optical system, an aberrant compensating lens is set up between light soruce and internal reflecting lens. After compensating, its coma aberration is less than that of parabolic searchlight by two orders of magnitude and its spherical aberration is less than that of Margin searchlight by two orders of magnetude. The influence of aberration on projected light beam is basically eliminated and lighting distance is increased.

Description

The searchlight optics system that has the aberration compensation lens

The present invention proposes a kind of searchlight optics system, specifically a kind of searchlight optics system that has the aberration compensation lens.

At present domestic and international widely used searchlight optics system, its principle is made of with cover glass 1 light source 2, parabolic mirror 3 as shown in Figure 1, and it has following five shortcomings:

(1) is difficult to processing, cost height

Parabolic mirror accurately, its paraboloid surface type is difficult to be processed into, and is not suitable for producing the cost height in enormous quantities.

(2) reflectivity is low, and efficient is low

Parabolic mirror is an external reflectance, and its reflective coating can only be that mechanical strength is big, the anticorrosive strong but chromium film of reflectivity low (less than 55%).

(3) coma is especially big, causes that obviously outgoing beam disperses

Parabolic mirror, the light that on its focus, sends only, the reflection rear is strict collimated light beam, and any lighting source all can not be a spot light, not being in after light that the point at its focus place sends, the reflection is the not parallel light beam with certain angle of divergence, and this defective that causes beam divergence is coma, and the coma of parabolic mirror is very big, cause that obviously whole emergent light disperses, make and illuminate distance and descend.

(4) focal length is short, and the emergent light collimation is bad

Pick object plane speculum, as shown in Figure 1, owing to taked the form of axial installation bulb, bulb wraps in the parabola, and promptly its focus is positioned at parabola, so its focal length is short, less than 1/4 of bore, so the theoretical angle of divergence of whole outgoing beam () big, the collimation of whole outgoing beam is bad, and illumination distances is descended.

(5) be unfavorable for the light source cooling, the bulb loss is big

Because in parabolic and can't cool off, the bulb loss is big with light source package.

In view of above shortcoming; France's graceful gold of engineer (Mangin) proposed to replace parabolic mirror with sphere internal reflection lens in 1876; as shown in Figure 2: wherein 1 is cover glass, and 2 is light source, and 3 are the internal reflection lens; because sphere is easy to process suitable production in enormous quantities the in enormous quantities; just overcome shortcoming (1), owing to be the internal reflection film, its rete can be a bad mechanical strength; anticorrosive difference but the high aluminium film of reflectivity; after adding the silicon monoxide protection, its reflectivity can reach 90%, has overcome shortcoming (2); because light source is the axle placement of hanging down; focal length is long, and the collimation of emergent light is good, has overcome shortcoming (4); light source is convenient to cooling, has overcome shortcoming (5).

It's a pity, the anaberrational effective parameter of graceful golden Characteristic of Search Light System has only one (bendings of internal reflection lens), only can be used to eliminate a kind of aberration (elementary spherical aberration) though its coma has only 1/3 of corresponding parabolic mirror, but it has bigger residual spherical aberration, outgoing beam is dispersed, and this is the main cause that graceful golden searchlight is not used widely.

The object of the invention proposes at the deficiency of graceful golden searchlight optics system, and keeps its advantage.The present invention seeks to that aberration compensation lens realize by increasing dispersing in the light path of graceful golden searchlight.

Elaborate content of the present invention below:

Searchlight is a wide-aperture optical system of small field of view, has only spherical aberration, coma, and ratio chromatism, and chromatism of position are influential to it, if these four kinds of aberrations are all very little, then the light beam that penetrates from searchlight only have the theoretical angle of divergence (

), shaft size is very little again if light source hangs down, and then outgoing beam is a good collimated light beam.

In these four kinds of aberrations, the position look minimum to the beam divergence influence, because it is axisymmetric aberration, be equivalent in the scope of chromatism of position, be arranged in order light sources of different colors, as long as the value of chromatism of position is less than the axial dimension of light source, then influence not quite, can consider the elimination of its excess-three kind aberration so emphatically by just dispersing of position light beam that look causes.

Graceful golden searchlight has only the bending of a useful variable-internal reflection lens, only may be used for eliminating a kind of aberration (elementary spherical aberration).Add after the aberration compensation lens, then increased the bending and the anaberration variable d of two useful variable-lens 4 again₃, can be used to eliminate coma and residual spherical aberration.As for ratio chromatism,, aperture light blocked place on the internal reflection lens 3, its plane of refraction be the plane of incidence be again exit facet, the two is in the position that light blocks symmetry, times look very little, lens 4 are near the summit of divergent beams, the visual field is very little again, so its times look also very little.

The present invention is under the constant situation of each position of components of existing graceful golden searchlight optics system, the aberration compensation lens are positioned between light source 2 and the internal reflection lens 3, the effect of aberration compensation lens is to produce identical with internal reflection lens sizes and the aberration of opposite in sign descends the aberration of whole system significantly.d₂And d₄Being lens thickness, approximately is 1/5～1/10 of lens diameter, to add indeformable being as the criterion in man-hour.d₁And d₃All are anaberration variablees, calculate, d₁Be worth little, d₃Value is big, greatly to ratio about 1: 5.Aberration compensation lens and internal reflection lens all have the sphere interface in the present invention, its plane of refraction plating anti-reflection film, interior reflective surface aluminizer and silicon monoxide protection.Cover glass 1, aberration compensation lens 4 and internal reflection lens 3 all with making through the float glass of fully annealing, can (for example: rain, snow) be worked and not burst under any bad weather.When light source 2 is high-power xenon lamp, can between light source and aberration compensation lens, add one deck cover glass again, two layers of cover glass form the passageway of a pair of circulation wind, taken away the heat that bulb produces, promptly cooled off bulb, increase its service life, protected aberration compensation lens and internal reflection lens 3 not to be heated tempestuously again; When light source was based on halogen bulb, the quartz glass outside plating reflective coating at bulb only stayed a window, forms a blackbody cavity on its right side, and luminous energy only may be launched to the right through this window; When light source is high-power xenon lamp, then add the little spherical reflector that a centre of sphere is positioned at light source center in its left side, luminous energy is launched to the right.Like this.Both can cut off bulb diverging light left, and avoid it to reduce the contrast of remote illumination, increase remote illumination light intensity again.

Like this, though optical system proposed by the invention has spherical aberration, coma and ratio chromatism, can be eliminated, and the position look can not considered again.This is at present from aberration theory, especially handles the aberration of searchlight from the height of THEORY OF HIGH ORDER ABERRATIONS, and the harmfulness of aberration is controlled to the searchlight optics structure of minimum degree.

The present invention is owing to adopt the aberration compensation lens, the aberration of whole optical path system is well compensated, and coma is than approximately little two orders of magnitude of parabolic searchlight, and spherical aberration is than little two orders of magnitude of graceful golden searchlight, aberration is eliminated substantially to the influence of outgoing beam collimation, illuminates distance and increases.It is best that the present invention has the emergent light collimation, illuminates distance characteristics farthest, and can be used widely in following occasion.

(1) 3 " searchlight of bore is used rechargeable battery 12V, and 50W estimates to illuminate distance and is about 250 meters, can be military, make frontier officer's search lamp, patrol lamp, civilian usefulness such as go hunting, go fishing, sound the night watches.

(2) 5 " searchlight of bore, with rechargeable battery or electrical network electricity, transformation obtains 24V again, 100W; 400～450 meters of distances are illuminated in the land actual measurement, 300 meters of marine actual measurements, land is use fixedly, blocks one side; in case the robber, marine use is bigger, makes the search lamp of middle-size and small-size fishing boat.

(3) 8 " searchlight of bore is used 50V, the 300W spherical xenon lamp, and illuminating distance estimations is 1200 meters, can be used for bulk storage plant, the locomotive headlamp can be made in labour education and rehabilitation school, reform-through-labour farm, prison.Illuminator under the helicopter (as following the trail of the robber).

The searchlight of (4) 10 ", 12 " bore, with 50V, 500W spherical xenon lamp, illuminating distance estimations is 2000～2500 meters, can be used as the headlamp of large-scale naval vessels, extra large lamp is swept by coastal plant.

The searchlight of (5) 14 " 16 " bore is used 65V, 1000W～2000W spherical xenon lamp, and illuminating distance estimations is 3000～4000 meters, can be used as large-scale celebration, and evening, heavenwards was strafed, and one light beam replaces fireworks display.

Remote illumination almost is blank in China, and the present invention has the extensive use future.

Fig. 1 is existing searchlight optics system principle structural representation.

Fig. 2 is graceful golden searchlight optics system principle structural representation.

Fig. 3 is an optical system theory structure schematic diagram proposed by the invention.

Embodiment:

16 " searchlight of bore, clear aperture D=406.4, f ＇=292.34, SinU ＇=0.695.Adopt 65V, the spherical xenon lamp of 2000W is made light source, and its light source is the bright ball of diameter 6.

The structural parameters of optical system

The radius of curvature vertex distance material of lens

r₁=-303.4 17.5 float glasses

r₂＝-520 -17.5

r₃＝-303.4 -281.18

r₄＝-126.92

r₅=-695-14 float glasses

As follows with all formula result of calculation of general The Calculation of Optical Path:

1. spherical aberration: l '_Am=L ＇_A.707=0.0301, L '_A.85=0.00011

2. coma: maximum field of view maximum K '_Tm=-K '_T.707=-0.001

3. ratio chromatism: full visual field H ＇_F-H ＇_C=0.0002088

4. chromatism of position: l ＇_C-l ＇_F=-1.42

And the parabolic Characteristic of Search Light System of identical bore and focal length, though do not have spherical aberration, aberration, coma is very big, being 1.328, is 147 times of last routine coma, and the graceful golden Characteristic of Search Light System of identical bore and focal length, residual spherical aberration is 1.5115, is to go up 50 times of example, and coma is 0.4615 to be to go up 51 times of example.

Can reach a conclusion, though this example has spherical aberration, coma and ratio chromatism,, all very little, and chromatism of position also have only light source axial dimension 1/4.2, very little to the parallel degree influence of outgoing beam.

Claims (2)

1. a searchlight optics system that has the aberration compensation lens is characterized in that: be made up of cover glass [1], light source [2], internal reflection lens [3] and aberration compensation lens [4]; Wherein aberration compensation lens [4] are positioned between light source [2] and the internal reflection lens [3].

2. optical system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: aberration compensation lens [4] and internal reflection lens [3] all have the sphere interface, and in its plane of refraction plating anti-reflection film, interior reflective surface aluminizer and silicon monoxide protection.