技术领域Technical field
本申请实施例涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种网络管理方法和设备。The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communications, and in particular, to a network management method and device.
背景技术Background technique
行业广域网络通常为双平面组网，省、市、县等广域网路由器之间的链路一般租用运营商多业务传送平台(mufti service transport platform，MSTP)等二层专线。其中1个或者2个平面正逐渐从MSTP专线演变为三方网络。在进行软件定义网络(software definednetworking，SDN)算路时，需要对三方网络管理。Industrial WANs are usually dual-plane networks, and links between WAN routers in provinces, cities, and counties generally rent Layer 2 dedicated lines such as carrier multi-service transport platform (MSTP). One or two of the planes are gradually evolving from MSTP dedicated lines to three-party networks. When performing software defined network (SDN) path calculation, it is necessary to manage the three-party network.
相关技术中，当需要计算穿越三方网络的路径时，需要借用隧道技术获得该三方网络的相关算路属性：如时延、带宽等信息，如借助通用路由封装协议(generic routingencapsulation，GRE)隧道，采用段路由(segment routing，SR)多协议标签交换(muftiprotocol label switching，MPLS)/基于IPv6的段路由(Segment Routing over IPv6，SRv6)的GRE承载业务，通过GRE隧道承载链路属性，进行SDN算路。In related technologies, when a path across a three-party network needs to be calculated, tunneling technology needs to be used to obtain the relevant path calculation attributes of the three-party network: such as delay, bandwidth and other information. For example, with the help of a generic routing encapsulation protocol (GRE) tunnel, Use segment routing (SR) multi-protocol label switching (MPLS)/IPv6-based segment routing (Segment Routing over IPv6, SRv6) GRE to carry services, carry link attributes through GRE tunnels, and perform SDN calculations road.
由于嵌套了SR MPLS/SRv6和GRE两层隧道，方案复杂，报文开销大。此外，为了业务就近互通，需要所有设备之间全网状(FULL-MESH)建立GRE隧道，GRE隧道数量多，管理难度大。Since two-layer tunnels, SR MPLS/SRv6 and GRE, are nested, the solution is complex and the message overhead is high. In addition, in order to communicate services nearby, full-mesh (FULL-MESH) GRE tunnels need to be established between all devices. The large number of GRE tunnels makes management difficult.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本申请提出一种网络管理方法、装置、设备、系统及计算机可读存储介质，用于解决三方网络的网络管理难度大的问题。This application proposes a network management method, device, equipment, system and computer-readable storage medium to solve the problem of difficult network management of third-party networks.
第一方面，提供了一种网络管理方法，该方法应用于控制设备，控制设备位于包括第一目标设备、第二目标设备和控制设备的目标网络中，第一目标设备和第二目标设备通过三方网络连接，方法包括：控制设备获得第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间的三方网络中的链路的信息，根据三方网络中的链路的信息进行网络管理。In a first aspect, a network management method is provided. The method is applied to a control device. The control device is located in a target network including a first target device, a second target device and a control device. The first target device and the second target device pass The three-party network connection method includes: the control device obtains the information of the link in the three-party network between the first target device and the second target device, and performs network management based on the information of the link in the three-party network.
其中，该三方网络为第三方如其他运营商提供的网络，或者该三方网络是与L2专线互联的网络由不同管理员组织管理的网络。该三方网络可以是不由控制设备直接管理的网络，也可以是由控制设备管理但是不支持第六版网络协议的段路由(segment routingover IPv6，SRv6)。当网络中两台设备之间经过一个三方网络时，由于控制设备无法获得两台设备之间的三方网络相关的链路信息等，因而无法对这两台设备之间的三方网络进行管理，如无法获得流量工程(traffic engineering，TE)算路信息，则无法实现路径计算等网络管理功能。The third-party network is a network provided by a third party, such as another operator, or the third-party network is a network interconnected with an L2 dedicated line and is managed by different administrator organizations. The third-party network may be a network that is not directly managed by the control device, or may be a segment routing over IPv6 (SRv6) that is managed by the control device but does not support version 6 network protocol. When two devices in the network pass through a three-party network, the control device cannot obtain the link information related to the three-party network between the two devices, etc., so it cannot manage the three-party network between the two devices, such as If traffic engineering (TE) path calculation information cannot be obtained, network management functions such as path calculation cannot be implemented.
本申请提供的方法在包括三方网络的情况下，通过控制设备获得第一目标设备和第二目标设备在三方网络中的链路的信息，基于该三方网络中的链路的信息能够针对包括这类三方网络的目标网络进行管理。例如，控制设备能够基于获得的三方网络中的链路的信息，实现计算基于SRv6的跨越三方网络的路径等网络管理功能。In the case of a three-party network, the method provided by this application obtains the information of the link between the first target device and the second target device in the three-party network through the control device. Based on the information of the link in the three-party network, it can be used for the target device including the three-party network. The target network is managed like a third-party network. For example, the control device can implement network management functions such as calculating SRv6-based paths across the three-party network based on the obtained link information in the three-party network.
在一种可能的实现方式中，三方网络中的链路的信息包括：第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间建立的虚拟链路的信息；或第一链路的信息和第二链路的信息，第一链路为第一目标设备与三方网络中包括的虚拟设备之间的链路，第二链路为第二目标设备与虚拟设备之间的链路。In a possible implementation, the information about the links in the three-party network includes: information about the virtual link established between the first target device and the second target device; or information about the first link and the second link information, the first link is a link between the first target device and the virtual device included in the third-party network, and the second link is a link between the second target device and the virtual device.
通过在两台设备之间建立一条虚拟链路，该控制设备可以获得该虚拟链路的相关信息，从而根据该虚拟链路的信息来进行网络管理。第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间建立的虚拟链路也可以理解为一个虚拟隧道，通过虚拟隧道表示一条链路，则该链路的信息也可以是该虚拟隧道的信息。By establishing a virtual link between two devices, the control device can obtain relevant information about the virtual link and perform network management based on the information about the virtual link. The virtual link established between the first target device and the second target device can also be understood as a virtual tunnel. A link is represented by the virtual tunnel, and the information of the link can also be the information of the virtual tunnel.
无论是建立虚拟链路，还是配置虚拟设备，控制设备均可根据上述三方网络中链路的信息还原包括三方网络和第一目标设备以及第二目标设备的网络拓扑。通过在三方网络中配置虚拟设备，使得控制设备在还原目标网络的拓扑时，还原的网络拓扑更接近实际拓扑，使得网络管理的准确性更高。Whether it is establishing a virtual link or configuring a virtual device, the control device can restore the network topology including the third-party network and the first target device and the second target device based on the link information in the above-mentioned three-party network. By configuring virtual devices in the third-party network, when the control device restores the topology of the target network, the restored network topology is closer to the actual topology, making network management more accurate.
在一种可能的实现方式中，控制设备获得第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间的三方网络中的链路的信息，包括：控制设备接收第一目标设备上报的第一报文，第一报文包括三方网络中的链路的信息。In a possible implementation manner, the control device obtains the information of the link in the three-party network between the first target device and the second target device, including: the control device receives the first message reported by the first target device; A packet includes information about links in the three-party network.
在一种可能的实现方式中，三方网络中的链路的信息携带在第一报文的链路网络层可达信息NLRI中，或者，三方网络中的链路的信息携带在第一报文的第六版网络协议的段路由SRv6段标识SID NLRI中。In a possible implementation, the information of the links in the three-party network is carried in the link network layer reachability information NLRI of the first message, or the information of the links in the three-party network is carried in the first message. The Segment Routing of Network Protocol 6 SRv6 Segment Identifier SID is in NLRI.
该第一报文还包括链路标识，该链路标识用于指示第一报文包括三方网络中的链路的信息。控制设备通过识别该链路标识，该控制设备能够确定该第一报文包括有三方网络中的链路的信息，由此触发控制设备进一步解析第一报文中携带的三方网络中的链路的信息。例如，第一报文还包括虚拟链路标识，该虚拟链路标识用于指示第一报文包括虚拟链路的信息。The first message also includes a link identifier, and the link identifier is used to indicate that the first message includes information about links in the three-party network. By identifying the link identifier, the control device can determine that the first message includes information about the link in the three-party network, thereby triggering the control device to further parse the link in the three-party network carried in the first message. Information. For example, the first message further includes a virtual link identifier, and the virtual link identifier is used to indicate that the first message includes information about the virtual link.
在一种可能的实现方式中，控制设备获得第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间的三方网络中的链路的信息，包括：控制设备获得配置的三方网络中的链路的信息。在控制设备上配置三方网络中的链路的信息，则无需三方网络中的设备上报，而由控制设备直接从自身的配置中获取三方网络中的链路的信息，提高了获取效率。In a possible implementation manner, the control device obtains the information of the link in the three-party network between the first target device and the second target device, including: the control device obtains the information of the link in the configured three-party network. Configuring the information of the links in the three-party network on the control device eliminates the need for the devices in the three-party network to report it. Instead, the control device directly obtains the information of the links in the three-party network from its own configuration, which improves the acquisition efficiency.
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：控制设备获得配置的虚拟设备的信息。In a possible implementation, the method further includes: controlling the device to obtain information about the configured virtual device.
在一种可能的实现方式中，控制设备根据三方网络中的链路的信息进行网络管理，包括：控制设备显示三方网络中的链路的信息和非三方网络中的链路的信息。In a possible implementation manner, the control device performs network management based on the information of the links in the three-party network, including: the control device displays the information of the links in the three-party network and the information of the links in the non-three-party network.
在一种可能的实现方式中，非三方网络的链路两端的网际协议IP地址在同一个网段，三方网络的链路两端的IP地址在不同网段；或者，非三方网络的链路的标签包括节点标签和链路标签，三方网络的链路的标签包括节点标签，不包括链路标签。In a possible implementation, the Internet Protocol IP addresses at both ends of the link in the non-three-party network are in the same network segment, and the IP addresses at both ends of the link in the three-party network are in different network segments; or, the IP addresses at both ends of the link in the non-three-party network are in different network segments; Labels include node labels and link labels. The label of a link in a three-party network includes node labels but does not include link labels.
在一种可能的实现方式中，控制设备根据三方网络中的链路的信息进行网络管理，包括：控制设备根据三方网络中的链路的信息计算第一目标设备与第二目标设备之间的路径信息；In a possible implementation, the control device performs network management based on the information of the links in the three-party network, including: the control device calculates the distance between the first target device and the second target device based on the information of the links in the three-party network. path information;
控制设备向第一目标设备发送路径信息。The control device sends path information to the first target device.
在一种可能的实现方式中，控制设备获得第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间的三方网络中的链路的信息之后，还包括：控制设备为第一目标设备在三方网络中的链路分配链路标签，链路标签包括出口标签和入口标签中的至少一种，出口标签用于指示出接口，入口标签用于指示入接口。In a possible implementation manner, after the control device obtains the information about the link in the three-party network between the first target device and the second target device, it further includes: the control device establishes the link between the first target device and the second target device in the three-party network. The link label includes at least one of an egress label and an ingress label. The egress label is used to indicate the egress interface, and the ingress label is used to indicate the ingress interface.
通过为上述三方网络中的链路分配出入口标签，可以更好的规划网络路径。尤其是入口标签，由于控制设备无法直接控制三方网络中的设备，通过为第一目标设备分配入口标签的情况，可以指定报文的转发路径有入口标签对应的接口进入第一目标设备，更好的进行路径计算和网络流量控制。By assigning entrance and exit labels to the links in the above three-party network, network paths can be better planned. Especially for the entrance label, since the control device cannot directly control the devices in the third-party network, by assigning the entrance label to the first target device, the forwarding path of the packet can be specified to have the interface corresponding to the entrance label enter the first target device, which is better Perform path calculation and network flow control.
在一种可能的实现方式中，控制设备为第一目标设备在三方网络中的链路分配链路标签之后，还包括：控制设备将链路标签发送给第一目标设备，链路标签通过扩展的边界网关协议BGP类型长度值TLV携带。In a possible implementation, after the control device allocates a link label to the link of the first target device in the three-party network, the method further includes: the control device sends the link label to the first target device, and the link label is extended by The Border Gateway Protocol BGP type length value is carried by the TLV.
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一目标设备与第二目标设备之间的三方网络中的链路通过边界网关协议BGP出口对等体工程EPE创建。In a possible implementation manner, the link in the three-party network between the first target device and the second target device is created through the Border Gateway Protocol BGP egress peer engineering EPE.
在一种可能的实现方式中，链路的信息包括算路属性，算路属性包括流量工程TE度量、亲和属性、共享风险链路组SRLG、最大可预留带宽、测量链路时延的双向主动测量协议TWAMP实例中的至少一种。In a possible implementation, the link information includes path calculation attributes, and the path calculation attributes include traffic engineering TE metrics, affinity attributes, shared risk link group SRLG, maximum reservable bandwidth, and measured link delay. At least one of the two-way active measurement protocol TWAMP instances.
通过控制设备获得的链路的算路属性，从而使得控制设备可以计算跨三方网络的路径。这样计算出来的路径，可以是一个不需要封装额外的如GRE等隧道头的SR路径。网络管理更简单。The control device obtains the path calculation attributes of the link, so that the control device can calculate the path across the three-party network. The path calculated in this way can be an SR path that does not need to encapsulate additional tunnel headers such as GRE. Network management is simpler.
在一种可能的实现方式中，链路的信息还包括接口参数，链路时延、链路接口速率、链路流量大小、链路带宽利用率中的至少一种。In a possible implementation manner, the link information also includes interface parameters, at least one of link delay, link interface rate, link traffic size, and link bandwidth utilization.
控制设备获得的更多的链路信息，更利于实现网络路径计算、流量调优等网络管理功能。The control device obtains more link information, which is more conducive to network management functions such as network path calculation and traffic optimization.
第二方面，提供了一种网络管理方法，该方法应用于第一目标设备，第一目标设备位于包括第一目标设备、第二目标设备和控制设备的目标网络中，第一目标设备和第二目标设备通过三方网络连接，方法包括：第一目标设备接收控制设备发送的链路标签，链路标签由控制设备为第一目标设备在三方网络中的链路分配，链路标签包括出口标签和入口标签中的至少一种，出口标签用于指示出接口，入口标签用于指示入接口；第一目标设备对链路标签进行处理。In a second aspect, a network management method is provided. The method is applied to a first target device. The first target device is located in a target network including a first target device, a second target device and a control device. The first target device and the third target device are located in a target network. The two target devices are connected through the three-party network. The method includes: the first target device receives a link label sent by the control device. The link label is allocated by the control device for the link of the first target device in the three-party network. The link label includes an egress label. and at least one of an ingress label, the egress label is used to indicate an outbound interface, and the ingress label is used to indicate an inbound interface; the first target device processes the link label.
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一目标设备接收控制设备发送的链路标签之前，还包括：第一目标设备获得第一目标设备上配置的第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间的三方网络中的链路的信息；第一目标设备向控制设备上报三方网络中的链路的信息，三方网络中的链路的信息用于控制设备进行网络管理。In a possible implementation, before the first target device receives the link label sent by the control device, the method further includes: the first target device obtains the link between the first target device and the second target device configured on the first target device. Information about the links in the three-party network; the first target device reports the information about the links in the three-party network to the control device, and the information about the links in the three-party network is used for the control device to perform network management.
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一目标设备向控制设备上报三方网络中的链路的信息，包括：第一目标设备向控制设备发送第一报文，第一报文包括三方网络中的链路的信息。In a possible implementation manner, the first target device reports the information of the links in the three-party network to the control device, including: the first target device sends a first message to the control device, and the first message includes the link information in the three-party network. Link information.
在一种可能的实现方式中，三方网络中的链路的信息携带在第一报文的链路网络层可达信息NLRI中，或者，三方网络中的链路的信息携带在第一报文的第六版网络协议的段路由SRv6段标识SID NLRI中。In a possible implementation, the information of the links in the three-party network is carried in the link network layer reachability information NLRI of the first message, or the information of the links in the three-party network is carried in the first message. The Segment Routing of Network Protocol 6 SRv6 Segment Identifier SID is in NLRI.
在一种可能的实现方式中，三方网络中的链路的信息包括：第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间建立的虚拟链路的信息；或第一链路的信息和第二链路的信息，第一链路为第一目标设备与三方网络中包括的虚拟设备之间的链路，第二链路为第二目标设备与虚拟设备之间的链路。In a possible implementation, the information about the links in the three-party network includes: information about the virtual link established between the first target device and the second target device; or information about the first link and the second link information, the first link is a link between the first target device and the virtual device included in the third-party network, and the second link is a link between the second target device and the virtual device.
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一目标设备对链路标签进行处理，包括：第一目标设备获取第二报文，在第二报文中封装链路标签，得到第三报文；第一目标设备发送第三报文。In a possible implementation, the first target device processes the link label, including: the first target device obtains the second message, encapsulates the link label in the second message, and obtains the third message; A target device sends a third message.
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一目标设备对链路标签进行处理，包括：第一目标设备接收第四报文，第四报文中封装有入口标签；第一目标设备将入口标签从第四报文中弹出，得到第五报文；第一目标设备发送第五报文。In a possible implementation, the first target device processes the link label, including: the first target device receives a fourth message, the fourth message is encapsulated with an ingress label; the first target device converts the ingress label from The fourth message pops up and the fifth message is obtained; the first target device sends the fifth message.
第三方面，提供了一种网络管理装置，该装置应用于控制设备，控制设备位于包括第一目标设备、第二目标设备和控制设备的目标网络中，第一目标设备和第二目标设备通过三方网络连接，装置包括：In a third aspect, a network management device is provided. The device is applied to a control device. The control device is located in a target network including a first target device, a second target device and a control device. The first target device and the second target device pass Three-party network connection, devices include:
获取模块，用于获得第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间的三方网络中的链路的信息；An acquisition module, configured to obtain information about the link in the three-party network between the first target device and the second target device;
管理模块，用于根据三方网络中的链路的信息进行网络管理。The management module is used for network management based on the information of links in the three-party network.
在一种可能的实现方式中，获取模块，用于接收第一目标设备上报的第一报文，第一报文包括三方网络中的链路的信息。In a possible implementation manner, the acquisition module is configured to receive a first message reported by the first target device, where the first message includes information about links in the three-party network.
在一种可能的实现方式中，三方网络中的链路的信息携带在第一报文的链路网络层可达信息NLRI中，或者，三方网络中的链路的信息携带在第一报文的第六版网络协议的段路由SRv6段标识SID NLRI中。In a possible implementation, the information of the links in the three-party network is carried in the link network layer reachability information NLRI of the first message, or the information of the links in the three-party network is carried in the first message. The Segment Routing of Network Protocol 6 SRv6 Segment Identifier SID is in NLRI.
在一种可能的实现方式中，获取模块，用于获得配置的三方网络中的链路的信息。In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining module is used to obtain information about links in the configured three-party network.
在一种可能的实现方式中，三方网络中的链路的信息包括：第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间建立的虚拟链路的信息；或第一链路的信息和第二链路的信息，第一链路为第一目标设备与三方网络中包括的虚拟设备之间的链路，第二链路为第二目标设备与虚拟设备之间的链路。In a possible implementation, the information about the links in the three-party network includes: information about the virtual link established between the first target device and the second target device; or information about the first link and the second link information, the first link is a link between the first target device and the virtual device included in the third-party network, and the second link is a link between the second target device and the virtual device.
在一种可能的实现方式中，获取模块，还用于获得配置的虚拟设备的信息。In a possible implementation, the acquisition module is also used to obtain information about the configured virtual device.
在一种可能的实现方式中，管理模块，用于显示三方网络中的链路的信息和非三方网络中的链路的信息。In a possible implementation, the management module is configured to display information about links in the three-party network and information about links in the non-three-party network.
在一种可能的实现方式中，非三方网络的链路两端的网际协议IP地址在同一个网段，三方网络的链路两端的IP地址在不同网段；或者，非三方网络的链路的标签包括节点标签和链路标签，三方网络的链路的标签包括节点标签，不包括链路标签。In a possible implementation, the Internet Protocol IP addresses at both ends of the link in the non-three-party network are in the same network segment, and the IP addresses at both ends of the link in the three-party network are in different network segments; or, the IP addresses at both ends of the link in the non-three-party network are in different network segments; Labels include node labels and link labels. The label of a link in a three-party network includes node labels but does not include link labels.
在一种可能的实现方式中，管理模块，用于根据三方网络中的链路的信息计算第一目标设备与第二目标设备之间的路径信息；向第一目标设备发送路径信息。In a possible implementation, the management module is configured to calculate path information between the first target device and the second target device based on link information in the three-party network; and send the path information to the first target device.
在一种可能的实现方式中，管理模块，还用于为第一目标设备在三方网络中的链路分配链路标签，链路标签包括出口标签和入口标签中的至少一种，出口标签用于指示出接口，入口标签用于指示入接口。In a possible implementation, the management module is also configured to assign a link label to the link of the first target device in the third-party network. The link label includes at least one of an egress label and an ingress label. The egress label is For indicating the outgoing interface, the ingress label is used for indicating the incoming interface.
在一种可能的实现方式中，管理模块，还用于将链路标签发送给第一目标设备，链路标签通过扩展的边界网关协议BGP类型长度值TLV携带。In a possible implementation manner, the management module is also configured to send the link label to the first target device, and the link label is carried through the extended Border Gateway Protocol BGP type length value TLV.
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一目标设备与第二目标设备之间的三方网络中的链路通过边界网关协议BGP出口对等体工程EPE创建。In a possible implementation manner, the link in the three-party network between the first target device and the second target device is created through the Border Gateway Protocol BGP egress peer engineering EPE.
在一种可能的实现方式中，链路的信息包括算路属性，算路属性包括流量工程TE度量、亲和属性、共享风险链路组SRLG、最大可预留带宽、测量链路时延的双向主动测量协议TWAMP实例中的至少一种。In a possible implementation, the link information includes path calculation attributes, and the path calculation attributes include traffic engineering TE metrics, affinity attributes, shared risk link group SRLG, maximum reservable bandwidth, and measured link delay. At least one of the two-way active measurement protocol TWAMP instances.
在一种可能的实现方式中，链路的信息还包括接口参数，链路时延、链路接口速率、链路流量大小、链路带宽利用率中的至少一种。In a possible implementation manner, the link information also includes interface parameters, at least one of link delay, link interface rate, link traffic size, and link bandwidth utilization.
第四方面，提供了一种网络管理装置，该装置应用于第一目标设备，第一目标设备位于包括第一目标设备、第二目标设备和控制设备的目标网络中，第一目标设备和第二目标设备通过三方网络连接，装置包括：In a fourth aspect, a network management device is provided. The device is applied to a first target device. The first target device is located in a target network including a first target device, a second target device and a control device. The first target device and the third target device are located in a target network. The two target devices are connected through a third-party network, and the devices include:
接收模块，用于接收控制设备发送的链路标签，链路标签由控制设备为第一目标设备在三方网络中的链路分配，链路标签包括出口标签和入口标签中的至少一种，出口标签用于指示出接口，入口标签用于指示入接口；A receiving module, configured to receive a link label sent by the control device. The link label is allocated by the control device for the link of the first target device in the three-party network. The link label includes at least one of an egress label and an ingress label. The egress label The label is used to indicate the outgoing interface, and the ingress label is used to indicate the incoming interface;
处理模块，用于对链路标签进行处理。Processing module, used to process link labels.
在一种可能的实现方式中，装置还包括：In a possible implementation, the device further includes:
获取模块，用于获得第一目标设备上配置的第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间的三方网络中的链路的信息；An acquisition module configured to obtain information about the link in the three-party network between the first target device and the second target device configured on the first target device;
上报模块，用于向控制设备上报三方网络中的链路的信息，三方网络中的链路的信息用于控制设备进行网络管理。The reporting module is used to report the information of the links in the three-party network to the control device. The information of the links in the three-party network is used by the control device for network management.
在一种可能的实现方式中，上报模块，用于向控制设备发送第一报文，第一报文包括三方网络中的链路的信息。In a possible implementation manner, the reporting module is configured to send a first message to the control device, where the first message includes information about links in the three-party network.
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理模块，用于获取第二报文，在第二报文中封装链路标签，得到第三报文；发送第三报文。In a possible implementation manner, the processing module is configured to obtain the second message, encapsulate the link label in the second message to obtain the third message, and send the third message.
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理模块，用于接收第四报文，第四报文中封装有入口标签；将入口标签从第四报文中弹出，得到第五报文；发送第五报文。In a possible implementation, the processing module is configured to receive a fourth message, in which an entry tag is encapsulated; pop the entry tag out of the fourth message to obtain a fifth message; and send the fifth message. message.
第五方面，提供了一种网络管理设备，包括处理器，处理器与存储器耦合，存储器中存储有至少一条程序指令或代码，至少一条程序指令或代码由处理器加载并执行，以使网络管理设备实现第一方面或第二方面中任一项的网络管理方法。In a fifth aspect, a network management device is provided, including a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory. At least one program instruction or code is stored in the memory. The at least one program instruction or code is loaded and executed by the processor to enable network management. The device implements the network management method of any one of the first aspect or the second aspect.
第六方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，存储介质中存储有至少一条程序指令或代码，程序指令或代码由处理器加载并执行时以使计算机实现如第一方面或第二方面中任一项的网络管理方法。In a sixth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. At least one program instruction or code is stored in the storage medium. When the program instruction or code is loaded and executed by a processor, the computer implements the method as described in the first aspect or the second aspect. Any network management method.
第七方面，提供了一种网络管理系统，系统包括第一目标设备、第二目标设备和控制设备，控制设备用于执行第一方面任一项的网络管理方法，第一目标设备和第二目标设备用于执行第二方面任一项的网络管理方法。In a seventh aspect, a network management system is provided. The system includes a first target device, a second target device and a control device. The control device is used to execute any one of the network management methods of the first aspect. The first target device and the second target device are The target device is used to perform any of the network management methods of the second aspect.
提供了另一种通信装置，该装置包括：收发器、存储器和处理器。其中，该收发器、该存储器和该处理器通过内部连接通路互相通信，该存储器用于存储指令，该处理器用于执行该存储器存储的指令，以控制收发器接收信号，并控制收发器发送信号，并且当该处理器执行该存储器存储的指令时，使得该处理器执行第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的实施方式中的方法，或者执行第二方面或第二方面的任一种可能的实施方式中的方法。Another communication device is provided, the device including: a transceiver, a memory, and a processor. Wherein, the transceiver, the memory and the processor communicate with each other through an internal connection path, the memory is used to store instructions, and the processor is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory to control the transceiver to receive signals and control the transceiver to send signals. , and when the processor executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor is caused to execute the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, or to execute the second aspect or any one of the second aspects. possible implementation methods.
作为一种示例性实施例，处理器为一个或多个，存储器为一个或多个。As an exemplary embodiment, there are one or more processors and one or more memories.
作为一种示例性实施例，存储器可以与处理器集成在一起，或者存储器与处理器分离设置。As an exemplary embodiment, the memory may be integrated with the processor, or the memory may be provided separately from the processor.
在具体实现过程中，存储器可以为非瞬时性(non-transitory)存储器，例如只读存储器(read only memory，ROM)，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上，本申请实施例对存储器的类型以及存储器与处理器的设置方式不做限定。In the specific implementation process, the memory can be a non-transitory memory, such as a read only memory (ROM), which can be integrated on the same chip as the processor, or can be set in different On the chip, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of memory and the arrangement of the memory and the processor.
提供了一种计算机程序(产品)，计算机程序(产品)包括：计算机程序代码，当计算机程序代码被计算机运行时，使得计算机执行上述各方面中的方法。A computer program (product) is provided. The computer program (product) includes: computer program code. When the computer program code is run by a computer, it causes the computer to perform the methods in the above aspects.
提供了一种芯片，包括处理器，用于从存储器中调用并运行存储器中存储的指令，使得安装有芯片的通信设备执行上述各方面中的方法。A chip is provided, including a processor for calling and running instructions stored in the memory, so that the communication device installed with the chip executes the methods in the above aspects.
提供另一种芯片，包括：输入接口、输出接口、处理器和存储器，输入接口、输出接口、处理器以及存储器之间通过内部连接通路相连，处理器用于执行存储器中的代码，当代码被执行时，处理器用于执行上述各方面中的方法。Provide another chip, including: input interface, output interface, processor and memory. The input interface, output interface, processor and memory are connected through internal connection paths. The processor is used to execute the code in the memory. When the code is executed , the processor is used to perform the methods in the above aspects.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种目标网络的结构示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a target network provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种网络管理方法流程图；Figure 2 is a flow chart of a network management method provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种NLRI结构示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an NLRI provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种SRv6 SID NLRI结构示意图；Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an SRv6 SID NLRI provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种分配标签的网络结构示意图；Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a network structure for label distribution provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种BGP EPE的标签结构示意图；Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the label structure of a BGP EPE provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种Flags字段结构示意图；Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a Flags field structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种TLV的结构示意图；Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a TLV provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种目标网络的结构示意图；Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a target network provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图10是本申请实施例提供的一种网络拓扑的结构示意图；Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a network topology provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图11是本申请实施例提供的一种网络管理方法交互示意图；Figure 11 is an interaction diagram of a network management method provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图12是本申请实施例提供的一种目标网络的结构示意图；Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a target network provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图13是本申请实施例提供的一种配置有虚拟设备的目标网络的结构示意图；Figure 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a target network configured with virtual devices provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图14是本申请实施例提供的一种网络管理方法交互示意图；Figure 14 is an interactive schematic diagram of a network management method provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图15是本申请实施例提供的一种配置有虚拟设备的目标网络的结构示意图；Figure 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a target network configured with virtual devices provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图16是本申请实施例提供的一种配置有虚拟设备的目标网络的结构示意图；Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a target network configured with virtual devices provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图17是本申请实施例提供的一种网络管理装置的结构示意图；Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a network management device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图18是本申请实施例提供的一种网络管理装置的结构示意图；Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a network management device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图19是本申请实施例提供的一种网络设备的结构示意图；Figure 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图20是本申请实施例提供的一种网络设备的结构示意图；Figure 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图21是本申请实施例提供的一种网络设备的结构示意图。Figure 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本申请的实施方式部分使用的术语仅用于对本申请的实施例进行解释，而非旨在限定本申请。下面结合附图，对本发明的实施例进行描述。The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
广域网(wide area network，WAN)，又称外网、公网，是连接不同地区局域网或城域网计算机通信的远程网。广域网通常为双平面组网，且每个平面层级通常有2台设备互为备份。省、市、县等广域网路由器之间的链路一般租用运营商MSTP等二层(L2)专线。随着网络的发展，广域网中1个或者2个平面正逐渐从MSTP专线演变为三层专线，由于一些三层专线并不被控制设备直接管理，因而也可称为三方网络。通常该三方网络为第三方如其他运营商提供的网络，或者该三方网络是与L2专线互联的网络由不同管理员组织管理的网络。该三方网络可以是不由控制设备管理的网络，或者也可以是由控制设备管理，但是不支持第六版网络协议的段路由(segment routing over IPv6，SRv6)，因此，这类三方网络的管理难度较大。Wide area network (WAN), also known as external network and public network, is a remote network that connects computer communications in local area networks or metropolitan area networks in different regions. WAN is usually a dual-plane network, and there are usually two devices at each plane level to back up each other. Links between WAN routers in provinces, cities, counties, etc. generally rent Layer 2 (L2) dedicated lines such as carrier MSTP. With the development of the network, one or two planes in the WAN are gradually evolving from MSTP dedicated lines to Layer 3 dedicated lines. Since some Layer 3 dedicated lines are not directly managed by the control device, they can also be called three-party networks. Usually, the third-party network is a network provided by a third party, such as another operator, or the third-party network is a network interconnected with an L2 dedicated line and is managed by different administrator organizations. The third-party network may be a network that is not managed by the control device, or it may be managed by the control device but does not support segment routing over IPv6 (SRv6) of the sixth version of the network protocol. Therefore, the management of such a third-party network is difficult. larger.
以如图1所示的包括三方网络的目标网络为例，图1中，该目标网络包括8个网络设备，分别为R1-R6，以及S1和S2。R1、R3、R5之间通过L2专线互联，R2、R4、R6通过三方网络互联，S1和S2之间可以通过L2专线互联的网络以及三方网络进行交互。该网络中，还可以包括控制设备，该控制设备可以管理图1所示的网络设备R1-R6，但是，该控制设备无法管理三方网络。如，无法获得R2与R6之间的网络连接信息，R2与R6之间的网络时延、带宽等信息，导致管理困难，无法计算SRv6隧道严格路径。Take the target network including the three-party network shown in Figure 1 as an example. In Figure 1, the target network includes 8 network devices, namely R1-R6, as well as S1 and S2. R1, R3, and R5 are interconnected through the L2 dedicated line, R2, R4, and R6 are interconnected through the three-party network. S1 and S2 can interact through the L2 dedicated line interconnection network and the three-party network. The network may also include a control device, which can manage the network devices R1-R6 shown in Figure 1. However, the control device cannot manage the three-party network. For example, it is impossible to obtain the network connection information between R2 and R6, the network delay, bandwidth and other information between R2 and R6, which makes management difficult and cannot calculate the strict path of the SRv6 tunnel.
对此，本申请实施例提供了一种网络管理方法，通过该方法能够针对包括这类三方网络的目标网络进行管理。接下来，以本申请实施例提供的网络管理方法应用于控制设备为例进行说明。该控制设备位于包括第一目标设备、第二目标设备和该控制设备的目标网络中，第一目标设备和第二目标设备通过三方网络连接。如图2所示，该网络管理方法包括如下几个步骤。In this regard, embodiments of the present application provide a network management method, through which a target network including such a third-party network can be managed. Next, the network management method provided by the embodiment of the present application is applied to the control device as an example for description. The control device is located in a target network including a first target device, a second target device and the control device, and the first target device and the second target device are connected through a three-party network. As shown in Figure 2, the network management method includes the following steps.
201，控制设备获得第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间的三方网络中的链路的信息。201. The control device obtains information about the link in the three-party network between the first target device and the second target device.
该三方网络中的链路的信息包括但不限于第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间建立的虚拟链路的信息。通过在两台设备之间建立一条虚拟链路，该控制设备可以获得该虚拟链路的相关信息，从而根据该虚拟链路的信息来进行网络管理，例如，计算SRv6隧道路径。该第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间建立的虚拟链路也可以理解为一个虚拟隧道，通过虚拟隧道表示一条链路，则该虚拟链路的信息也可以是该虚拟隧道的信息。The information of the links in the three-party network includes but is not limited to the information of the virtual link established between the first target device and the second target device. By establishing a virtual link between two devices, the control device can obtain relevant information about the virtual link and perform network management based on the information about the virtual link, for example, calculating the SRv6 tunnel path. The virtual link established between the first target device and the second target device can also be understood as a virtual tunnel. A virtual tunnel represents a link, and the information of the virtual link can also be the information of the virtual tunnel.
除了在第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间建立虚拟链路的方式外，可选地，本申请实施例提供的方法还可在三方网络中配置虚拟设备，并建立第一目标设备与虚拟设备之间的第一链路以及第二目标设备与虚拟设备之间的第二链路。该种情况下，三方网络中的链路的信息包括该第一链路的信息以及第二链路的信息。通过在三方网络中配置虚拟设备，使得控制设备在还原目标网络的拓扑时，还原的网络拓扑更接近实际拓扑，使得网络管理的准确性更高。In addition to the method of establishing a virtual link between the first target device and the second target device, optionally, the method provided by the embodiment of the present application can also configure the virtual device in the three-party network and establish the connection between the first target device and the virtual link. a first link between the devices and a second link between the second target device and the virtual device. In this case, the information of the links in the three-party network includes the information of the first link and the information of the second link. By configuring virtual devices in the third-party network, when the control device restores the topology of the target network, the restored network topology is closer to the actual topology, making network management more accurate.
可选地，为了控制设备能够识别该虚拟设备，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括在控制设备配置该虚拟设备的信息，因此，控制设备除了获得第一链路的信息和第二链路的信息，该控制设备还获得配置的虚拟设备的信息。本申请实施例不对虚拟设备的信息进行限定，包括但不限于虚拟设备的标识等。Optionally, in order for the control device to identify the virtual device, the method provided by the embodiment of the present application also includes configuring the information of the virtual device on the control device. Therefore, in addition to obtaining the information of the first link and the information of the second link, the control device Information, the control device also obtains information about the configured virtual device. The embodiments of this application do not limit the information of the virtual device, including but not limited to the identification of the virtual device, etc.
可选地，无论三方网络中的链路的信息是上述哪种情况，控制设备获得第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间的三方网络中的链路的信息，包括但不限于如下两种方式。Optionally, no matter which of the above situations is the information about the link in the three-party network, the control device obtains the information about the link in the three-party network between the first target device and the second target device, including but not limited to the following two: Way.
方式一：控制设备接收第一目标设备上报的第一报文，该第一报文包括三方网络中的链路的信息。Method 1: The control device receives the first message reported by the first target device, where the first message includes information about the links in the three-party network.
该方式一中，在第一目标设备和第二目标设备上配置三方网络中的链路的信息，由第一目标设备和第二目标设备将配置的三方网络中的链路的信息上报给控制设备，使得控制设备由此获得该三方网络中的链路的信息。例如，第一目标设备与第二目标设备之间的三方网络中的链路通过BGP出口对等体工程(egress peer engineering，EPE)创建。在第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间建立虚拟链路的方式此处暂不赘述，可参见如下图11所示实施例的相关描述。在一种可选的实现方式中，无论采用哪种方式建立三方网络中的链路，第一目标设备和第二目标设备均可通过第一报文向控制设备上报三方网络中的链路的信息。In this method one, the information of the links in the three-party network is configured on the first target device and the second target device, and the first target device and the second target device report the configured information of the links in the three-party network to the control device, so that the control device can obtain information about the links in the three-party network. For example, the link in the three-party network between the first target device and the second target device is created through BGP egress peer engineering (egress peer engineering, EPE). The method of establishing a virtual link between the first target device and the second target device will not be described in detail here. Please refer to the relevant description of the embodiment shown in Figure 11 below. In an optional implementation, no matter which method is used to establish the link in the three-party network, the first target device and the second target device can report the information of the link in the three-party network to the control device through the first message. information.
本申请实施例不对第一报文携带三方网络中的链路的信息的方式进行限定，由于报文的链路网络层可达信息(network layer reachability information，NLRI)用于描述(border gateway protocol，BGP)邻居迭代的出接口的链路信息，以图3所示的NLRI结构示意图为例，该NLRI除了包括协议标识(protocol ID)、标识符(identifier)、局部节点描述符(local node descriptors)和远程节点描述符(remote node descriptors)，还包括链路属性(link-attribute)。因此，本申请实施例提供的方法中，三方网络中的链路的信息包括但不限于携带在第一报文的链路网络层可达信息(network layer reachabilityinformation，NLRI)中。The embodiment of the present application does not limit the way in which the first message carries the information of the link in the three-party network, because the link network layer reachability information (NLRI) of the message is used to describe (border gateway protocol, BGP) neighbor iteration of the link information of the outbound interface, taking the NLRI structural diagram shown in Figure 3 as an example. In addition to the protocol ID, identifier, and local node descriptors, the NLRI and remote node descriptors, including link-attributes. Therefore, in the method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the information of the links in the three-party network includes but is not limited to the link network layer reachability information (NLRI) carried in the first message.
可选地，SRv6段标识(segment identifier，SID)NLRI用于描述BGP邻居信息，如图4所示的SRv6 SID NLRI结构示意图，该SRv6 SID NLRI未携带link-attribute。因此，本申请实施例提供的方法中，通过扩展SRv6 SID NLRI携带link-attribute属性，则三方网络中的链路的信息携带在SRv6 SID NLRI中。Optionally, the SRv6 segment identifier (SID) NLRI is used to describe BGP neighbor information, as shown in Figure 4, a schematic structural diagram of the SRv6 SID NLRI. The SRv6 SID NLRI does not carry the link-attribute. Therefore, in the method provided by the embodiment of this application, by extending the SRv6 SID NLRI to carry the link-attribute attribute, the information of the links in the three-party network is carried in the SRv6 SID NLRI.
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一报文还包括链路标识，该链路标识用于指示第一报文包括三方网络中的链路的信息。本申请实施例不对链路标识在第一报文中的位置进行限定，控制设备能够从该第一报文中识别出该链路标识即可。通过识别该链路标识，该控制设备能够确定该第一报文包括有三方网络中的链路的信息，由此触发控制设备进一步解析第一报文中携带的三方网络中的链路的信息。In a possible implementation manner, the first message further includes a link identifier, and the link identifier is used to indicate that the first message includes information about links in the three-party network. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the position of the link identifier in the first message, as long as the control device can identify the link identifier from the first message. By identifying the link identifier, the control device can determine that the first message includes information about the link in the three-party network, thereby triggering the control device to further parse the information about the link in the three-party network carried in the first message. .
需要说明的是，以上仅以第一目标设备向控制设备上报三方网络中的链路的信息为例进行说明，在实施本申请的方法时，第二目标设备也可向控制设备上报三方网络中的链路的信息。第二目标设备向控制设备上报三方网络中的链路的信息的方式可参考上述第一目标设备采用的方式，本申请实施例对此不再加以赘述。It should be noted that the above description only takes the first target device reporting the information of the links in the three-party network to the control device as an example. When implementing the method of this application, the second target device can also report the information on the links in the three-party network to the control device. link information. The method for the second target device to report the link information in the three-party network to the control device may refer to the method adopted by the above-mentioned first target device, which will not be described again in the embodiment of this application.
方式二：控制设备获得第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间的三方网络中的链路的信息，包括：控制设备获得配置的三方网络中的链路的信息。Method 2: The control device obtains the information of the link in the three-party network between the first target device and the second target device, including: the control device obtains the information of the link in the configured three-party network.
该方式二是在控制设备上配置三方网络中的链路的信息，则无需三方网络中的设备上报，而由控制设备直接从自身的配置中获取三方网络中的链路的信息。例如，在控制设备上手动创建虚拟链路，手动配置算路属性、虚拟链路与物理接口的对应关系等信息。对于虚拟链路的带宽、时延采用简单网络管理协议(simple network management protocol，SNMP)、遥测(telemetry)等方式收集。The second method is to configure the information of the links in the third-party network on the control device, so that the devices in the third-party network do not need to report it, and the control device directly obtains the information of the links in the third-party network from its own configuration. For example, manually create a virtual link on the control device, manually configure path calculation attributes, the correspondence between the virtual link and the physical interface, and other information. The bandwidth and delay of virtual links are collected using simple network management protocol (SNMP), telemetry and other methods.
针对在三方网络中配置虚拟设备的方式，通过在控制设备上配置三方网络中的链路的信息时，第一目标设备和第二目标设备等实际设备和虚拟设备之间链路的算路属性(TE metric、亲和属性、SRLG、最大可预留带宽、测量链路时延的TWAMP实例等)直接在控制设备上配置和获取，第一目标设备和第二目标设备等实际设备上可不生成相应配置信息。链路时延、链路接口速率等信息，可由第一目标设备和第二目标设备等实际设备通过BGP-LS或者Telemetry、SNMP方式上送控制设备。Regarding the method of configuring virtual devices in a three-party network, when configuring the link information in the three-party network on the control device, the path calculation attributes of the links between actual devices such as the first target device and the second target device and the virtual device (TE metric, affinity attributes, SRLG, maximum reservable bandwidth, TWAMP instance for measuring link delay, etc.) are configured and obtained directly on the control device, and do not need to be generated on actual devices such as the first target device and the second target device. Corresponding configuration information. Information such as link delay and link interface rate can be sent to the control device by actual devices such as the first target device and the second target device through BGP-LS or Telemetry or SNMP.
无论是采用上述哪种方式获得第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间的三方网络中的链路的信息，示例性地，三方网络中的链路的信息包括算路属性，算路属性包括但不限于TE度量、亲和属性、共享风险链路组(shared risk link group，SRLG)、最大可预留带宽、测量链路时延的双向主动测量协议(two-way active measurement protocol，TWAMP)实例中的至少一种。通过控制设备获得的链路的算路属性，从而使得控制设备可以计算跨三方网络的路径。这样计算出来的路径，可以是一个不需要封装额外的如GRE等隧道头的SR路径。网络管理更简单。No matter which of the above methods is used to obtain the information of the link in the three-party network between the first target device and the second target device, for example, the information of the link in the three-party network includes path calculation attributes, and the path calculation attributes include But not limited to TE measurement, affinity attributes, shared risk link group (SRLG), maximum reservable bandwidth, two-way active measurement protocol (TWAMP) for measuring link delay At least one of the examples. The control device obtains the path calculation attributes of the link, so that the control device can calculate the path across the three-party network. The path calculated in this way can be an SR path that does not need to encapsulate additional tunnel headers such as GRE. Network management is simpler.
可选地，该链路的信息还包括接口参数，链路时延、链路接口速率、链路流量大小、链路带宽利用率中的至少一种。控制设备获得的更多的链路信息，更利于实现网络路径计算、流量调优等网络管理功能。Optionally, the link information also includes interface parameters, at least one of link delay, link interface rate, link traffic size, and link bandwidth utilization. The control device obtains more link information, which is more conducive to network management functions such as network path calculation and traffic optimization.
在一种可能的实现方式中，控制设备获得第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间的三方网络中的链路的信息之后，还包括：控制设备为第一目标设备在三方网络中的链路分配链路标签，链路标签包括出口标签和入口标签中的至少一种，出口标签用于指示出接口，入口标签用于指示入接口。In a possible implementation manner, after the control device obtains the information about the link in the three-party network between the first target device and the second target device, it further includes: the control device establishes the link between the first target device and the second target device in the three-party network. The link label includes at least one of an egress label and an ingress label. The egress label is used to indicate the egress interface, and the ingress label is used to indicate the ingress interface.
例如，对于虚拟链路，可以同时分配出口标签和入口标签。如果只分配出口标签，对端有多个入接口时，无法指定从对端哪个入接口接收报文。如图5所示的网络为例，如果SRv6POLICY隧道路径希望从R2的G1/0/0出，从R6的G1/0/0入，但由于控制设备无法真实的控制三方网络与R6连接的出接口，则控制设备除了指定R2 G1/0/0的出口标签外，还需要指定R6的G1/0/0的入口标签，比如标签栈为[……200::1,611::1……]，否则SRv6 POLICY报文到了三方网络后，三方网络无法区分报文从哪个接口发送给R6。指定了入接口后，由于入接口可以影响路由的选择，使得三方网络中的设备会选择与该入接口对应的接口向R6设备发送报文。For example, for a virtual link, both egress and ingress labels can be assigned. If only the egress label is assigned, when the peer has multiple inbound interfaces, you cannot specify which inbound interface to receive packets from. Take the network shown in Figure 5 as an example. If the SRv6 POLICY tunnel path wants to go out from G1/0/0 of R2 and in from G1/0/0 of R6, the control device cannot actually control the outgoing connection between the third-party network and R6. interface, in addition to specifying the egress label of R2 G1/0/0, the control device also needs to specify the ingress label of R6 G1/0/0. For example, the label stack is [...200::1,611::1...], Otherwise, after the SRv6 POLICY message reaches the third-party network, the three-party network cannot distinguish the interface from which the message is sent to R6. After specifying the inbound interface, since the inbound interface can affect route selection, the devices in the third-party network will select the interface corresponding to the inbound interface to send packets to the R6 device.
通过为上述三方网络中的链路分配出入口标签，可以更好的规划网络路径。尤其是入口标签，由于控制设备无法直接控制三方网络中的设备，通过为第一目标设备分配入口标签的情况，可以指定报文的转发路径有入口标签对应的接口进入第一目标设备，更好的进行路径计算和网络流量控制。By assigning entrance and exit labels to the links in the above three-party network, network paths can be better planned. Especially for the entrance label, since the control device cannot directly control the devices in the third-party network, by assigning the entrance label to the first target device, the forwarding path of the packet can be specified to have the interface corresponding to the entrance label enter the first target device, which is better Perform path calculation and network flow control.
控制设备为第一目标设备在三方网络中的链路分配链路标签之后，还包括：控制设备将链路标签发送给第一目标设备，链路标签通过扩展的BGP类型长度值(type-length-value，TLV)携带。相应的，第一目标设备接收控制设备发送的链路标签，第一目标设备对链路标签进行处理。After the control device allocates a link label to the link of the first target device in the three-party network, it also includes: the control device sends the link label to the first target device, and the link label passes the extended BGP type length value (type-length -value, TLV) carried. Correspondingly, the first target device receives the link label sent by the control device, and the first target device processes the link label.
可选地，除了控制设备为三方网络中的链路分配链路标签的方式外，如果三方网络中的链路在第一目标设备和第二目标设备上配置，则也可由第一目标设备和第二目标设备为第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间的三方网络的链路分配链路标签。之后，第一目标设备和第二目标设备将分配的链路标签上报给控制设备。Optionally, in addition to the way in which the control device allocates link labels to the links in the three-party network, if the links in the three-party network are configured on the first target device and the second target device, the first target device and the second target device may also be configured. The second target device allocates a link label to the link of the three-party network between the first target device and the second target device. Afterwards, the first target device and the second target device report the assigned link label to the control device.
无论是控制设备还是第一目标设备和第二目标设备为虚拟链路分配标签，多链路对接场景中，除了指定出口标签之外，还需要指定入口标签，以控制从哪个接口接收报文。如果当前BGP-LS协议不支持入口标签，则可以扩展TLV分配入口标签。例如，当前BGP-LSfor BGP EPE的标签定义如图6所示。该标签中，类型(Type)为1101(PeerNode SID)，1102(PeerAdj SID)或1103(PeerSet SID)。PeerNode SID是节点标签，PeerAdj SID是链路标签。Weight为负载分担权重。其中，标志(Flags)的结构如图7所示，包括如下几种内容。Whether the control device or the first target device and the second target device allocate labels for virtual links, in a multi-link interconnection scenario, in addition to specifying the egress label, you also need to specify the ingress label to control which interface to receive packets from. If the current BGP-LS protocol does not support ingress labels, the TLV can be extended to allocate ingress labels. For example, the current label definition of BGP-LS for BGP EPE is shown in Figure 6. In this tag, the type (Type) is 1101 (PeerNode SID), 1102 (PeerAdj SID) or 1103 (PeerSet SID). PeerNode SID is the node label and PeerAdj SID is the link label. Weight is the load sharing weight. Among them, the structure of Flags is shown in Figure 7, including the following contents.
V：1表示SID携带了标签值，缺省有效。V: 1 indicates that the SID carries the label value, which is valid by default.
L：1表示SID为本地标签，缺省有效。L: 1 indicates that the SID is a local label, which is valid by default.
B：快速重路由(fast reroute，FRR)备用路径标签。B: Fast reroute (FRR) backup path label.
P：表示永久标签，路由器、会话、端口重启依然有效。P: Indicates a permanent label, which is still valid after router, session, and port restart.
如图7所示，基于当前协议定义，本申请实施例提供的方法可对Flags字段扩展D字段，表示链路方向，比如：1为出方向，0为入方向，缺省为出方向。As shown in Figure 7, based on the current protocol definition, the method provided by the embodiment of this application can extend the D field to the Flags field to indicate the link direction, for example: 1 is the outbound direction, 0 is the inbound direction, and the default is the outbound direction.
由第一目标设备和第二目标设备分配链路标签时，第一目标设备和第二目标设备在向控制设备上报三方网络中的链路的信息时，将三方网络的链路的链路标签一并上报。例如，第一目标设备和第二目标设备可通过BGP-LS报文上报三方网络中的链路的信息，在BGP-链接状态(link-state，LS)标准(RFC8571)里扩展TLV，通过该TLV区分虚拟链路还是实际链路。When the first target device and the second target device allocate link labels, the first target device and the second target device report the link information of the three-party network to the control device. Report together. For example, the first target device and the second target device can report link information in the three-party network through BGP-LS messages, and extend the TLV in the BGP-link-state (LS) standard (RFC8571). TLV differentiates between a virtual link and a real link.
TLV的结构如图8所示，例如，TLV包括的类型(Type)为1130，长度(Length)为2，还包括保留字段(Reserved)，链接类型(Link Type)中，0表示物理链路，1表示虚拟链路，缺省为0。The structure of the TLV is shown in Figure 8. For example, the TLV includes a type (Type) of 1130, a length (Length) of 2, and a reserved field (Reserved). In the link type (Link Type), 0 represents a physical link. 1 indicates a virtual link, and the default is 0.
需要说明的是，即使未采用上述方式一由第一目标设备向控制设备上报三方网络中的链路的信息，控制设备获取到三方网络中的链路的信息后，也仍然可以为该三方网络中的链路分配链路标签。例如，控制设备通过方式二获得三方网络中的链路的信息后，控制设备为该三方网络的链路分配链路标签，也可进一步将该链路标签发送给第一目标设备。另外，由于第二目标设备也可以采用第一目标设备的方式向控制设备上报三方网络的信息，控制设备也可在分配链路标签后，将该链路标签发送给第二目标设备。也就是说，即使是控制设备从自身的配置中获取三方网络中的链路的信息，第一目标设备和第二目标设备并没有向控制设备上报该三方网络中的链路的信息，但第一目标设备和第二目标设备也仍然可以接收该控制设备发送的链路标签，并对该链路标签进行处理。It should be noted that even if the first target device does not use the above method to report the information of the links in the three-party network to the control device, the control device can still obtain the information of the links in the three-party network. Links in are assigned link labels. For example, after the control device obtains the information of the link in the third-party network through method 2, the control device allocates a link label to the link in the third-party network, and may further send the link label to the first target device. In addition, since the second target device can also report the information of the three-party network to the control device in the same manner as the first target device, the control device can also send the link label to the second target device after allocating the link label. That is to say, even if the control device obtains the information of the links in the three-party network from its own configuration, the first target device and the second target device do not report the information of the links in the three-party network to the control device, but the third target device does not report the information of the links in the third-party network to the control device. A target device and a second target device can still receive the link label sent by the control device and process the link label.
关于第一目标设备和第二目标设备对链路标签的处理方式，可参见图5所示实施例中的506的相关描述，此处暂不赘述。Regarding the processing method of the link label by the first target device and the second target device, please refer to the relevant description of 506 in the embodiment shown in Figure 5, which will not be described again here.
202，控制设备根据三方网络中的链路的信息进行网络管理。202. The control device performs network management based on the information of the links in the three-party network.
控制设备获得三方网络中的链路的信息之后，便可以根据不同的应用场景基于该三方网络中的链路的信息进行网络管理。关于控制设备根据三方网络中的链路的信息进行网络管理的方式，本申请实施例不进行限定，包括但不限于如下两种管理场景。After the control device obtains the information of the links in the three-party network, it can perform network management based on the information of the links in the three-party network according to different application scenarios. The embodiments of this application are not limited to the manner in which the control device performs network management based on the link information in the three-party network, including but not limited to the following two management scenarios.
场景一，控制设备显示三方网络中的链路的信息和非三方网络中的链路的信息。Scenario 1: The control device displays information about links in the three-party network and information about links in the non-three-party network.
以如图9所示的目标网络为例，R2、R4和R6通过三方网络连接，三方网络连接的不同设备的不同物理口之间，形成多条虚拟链路。例如，R2通过物理口G1/0/0与三方网络连接，R6通过G1/0/0和G2/0/0两个物理口与三方网络连接，则R2到R6之间还原为2条虚拟链路，如图10所示，分别为R2的G1/0/0到R6的G1/0/0，R2的G1/0/0到R6的G2/0/0。Taking the target network as shown in Figure 9 as an example, R2, R4 and R6 are connected through a three-party network. Multiple virtual links are formed between different physical ports of different devices connected by the three-party network. For example, R2 is connected to a third-party network through physical port G1/0/0, and R6 is connected to a third-party network through two physical ports G1/0/0 and G2/0/0, then there are two virtual links between R2 and R6. The paths, as shown in Figure 10, are from G1/0/0 of R2 to G1/0/0 of R6, and from G1/0/0 of R2 to G2/0/0 of R6.
控制设备获取到三方网络中的链路的信息之后，可根据上述三方网络中链路的信息还原包括三方网络和第一目标设备以及第二目标设备的网络拓扑，该网络拓扑包括三方网络中的链路，还包括非三方网络中的链路。以第一目标设备与第二目标设备之间的三方网络中的链路通过BGP EPE创建为例，控制设备在还原网络拓扑时，对于直连的BGP EPE，还是跨三方网络的BGP EPE进行了区分。例如，如图10所示，直连的BGP EPE还原网络拓扑时，还原为实际链路，图10中以实线连接。跨三方网络的多跳BGP EPE，还原为虚拟链路，图10中以虚线连接。After the control device obtains the information about the links in the three-party network, it can restore the network topology including the three-party network and the first target device and the second target device based on the above-mentioned link information in the three-party network. The network topology includes the three-party network topology. Links also include links in non-three-party networks. Take the link in the three-party network between the first target device and the second target device that is created through BGP EPE as an example. When the control device restores the network topology, it performs the restoration of the directly connected BGP EPE or the BGP EPE across the three-party network. distinguish. For example, as shown in Figure 10, when the directly connected BGP EPE restores the network topology, it is restored to the actual link, which is connected by a solid line in Figure 10. The multi-hop BGP EPE across the three-party network is restored to a virtual link, connected by a dotted line in Figure 10.
本申请实施例不对区分三方网络中的链路的信息和非三方网络中的链路的信息的方式进行限定，例如，非三方网络的链路两端的IP地址在同一个网段，三方网络的链路两端的IP地址在不同网段。则控制设备在还原网络拓扑时，如果链路两端的IP地址在同一个网段内，则还原为实际链路，如果链路两端的IP地址不在同一个网段内，则还原为虚拟链路。The embodiments of this application do not limit the way to distinguish the information of links in the three-party network from the information of the links in the non-three-party network. For example, the IP addresses at both ends of the link in the non-three-party network are in the same network segment, and the IP addresses at both ends of the link in the non-three-party network are in the same network segment. The IP addresses at both ends of the link are in different network segments. When the control device restores the network topology, if the IP addresses at both ends of the link are in the same network segment, it will be restored to an actual link. If the IP addresses at both ends of the link are not in the same network segment, it will be restored to a virtual link. .
可选地，还可通过标签对三方网络的链路和非三方网络的链路进行区分。在一种可能的实现方式中，为链路分配标签时，有两类标签，分别是节点标签(PeerNode SID)和链路标签(PeerAdj SID)。可以通过上送标签的内容来区分是否为虚拟链路。例如，直连BGPEPE邻居上送标签时，同时上送节点标签和链路标签，跨三方网络的多跳BGP EPE邻居上送标签时，只上送节点标签。也就是说，非三方网络的链路的标签包括节点标签和链路标签，三方网络的链路的标签包括节点标签，不包括链路标签。因此，控制设备还原网络拓扑时，可基于标签对实际链路和虚拟链路进行区分。Optionally, labels can also be used to distinguish links in the three-party network and links in the non-three-party network. In a possible implementation, when assigning labels to links, there are two types of labels, namely node labels (PeerNode SID) and link labels (PeerAdj SID). You can distinguish whether it is a virtual link by sending the label content. For example, when a directly connected BGPEPE neighbor sends a label, both the node label and the link label are sent. When a multi-hop BGP EPE neighbor across a three-party network sends a label, only the node label is sent. That is to say, the label of a link in a non-three-party network includes a node label and a link label, and the label of a link in a three-party network includes a node label but does not include a link label. Therefore, when the control device restores the network topology, it can distinguish between actual links and virtual links based on labels.
场景二，控制设备根据三方网络中的链路的信息计算第一目标设备与第二目标设备之间的路径信息；控制设备向第一目标设备发送路径信息。Scenario 2: The control device calculates path information between the first target device and the second target device based on the link information in the three-party network; the control device sends the path information to the first target device.
由于控制设备获取到了三方网络中的链路的信息，而该三方网络中的链路的信息包括了算路属性，因此，该控制设备可根据业务带宽、时延等要求，计算SRv6 POLICY隧道路径，可以严格指定隧道经过的每一跳路径，对于虚拟链路，可以指定从哪条虚拟链路转发报文。为了使得第一目标设备和第二目标设备能够转发报文，控制设备向第一目标设备发送路径信息。Since the control device has obtained the information of the links in the three-party network, and the information of the links in the three-party network includes path calculation attributes, the control device can calculate the SRv6 POLICY tunnel path according to the service bandwidth, delay and other requirements. , you can strictly specify each hop path that the tunnel passes through. For virtual links, you can specify which virtual link to forward packets from. In order to enable the first target device and the second target device to forward the message, the control device sends path information to the first target device.
综上所述，本申请实施例提供的方法，在包括三方网络的情况下，通过控制设备获得第一目标设备和第二目标设备在三方网络中的链路的信息，基于该三方网络中的链路的信息能够针对包括这类三方网络的目标网络进行管理。例如，控制设备基于获得的三方网络中的链路的信息，实现计算基于SRv6的跨越三方网络的路径等网络管理功能。To sum up, the method provided by the embodiments of the present application, when a three-party network is included, obtains the link information of the first target device and the second target device in the three-party network through the control device, based on the three-party network. Link information can be managed for target networks including such third-party networks. For example, the control device implements network management functions such as calculating SRv6-based paths across the three-party network based on the obtained link information in the three-party network.
此外，无论是建立虚拟链路，还是配置虚拟设备，控制设备均可根据三方网络中链路的信息还原包括三方网络和第一目标设备以及第二目标设备的网络拓扑。通过在三方网络中配置虚拟设备，使得控制设备在还原目标网络的拓扑时，还原的网络拓扑更接近实际拓扑，使得网络管理的准确性更高。In addition, whether a virtual link is established or a virtual device is configured, the control device can restore the network topology including the third-party network and the first target device and the second target device based on the link information in the third-party network. By configuring virtual devices in the third-party network, when the control device restores the topology of the target network, the restored network topology is closer to the actual topology, making network management more accurate.
接下来，以第一目标设备与控制设备的交互过程为例，对本申请实施例提供的网络管理方法进行说明。如图11所示，该网络管理方法包括如下几个步骤。Next, the network management method provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described, taking the interaction process between the first target device and the control device as an example. As shown in Figure 11, the network management method includes the following steps.
1101，第一目标设备获得第一目标设备上配置的第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间的虚拟链路的信息。1101. The first target device obtains information about the virtual link between the first target device and the second target device configured on the first target device.
其中，第一目标设备和第二目标设备可作为三方网络的对接设备，采用人工配置的方式在该对接设备上配置有链路的信息。本申请实施例不对创建三方网络的链路的方式进行限定。例如，可在第一目标设备和第二目标设备上配置虚拟链路视图，在虚拟链路视图下配置算路属性，实现虚拟链路的配置。配置之后，还可进行虚拟链路测试，举例如下：The first target device and the second target device may serve as docking devices of the three-party network, and link information is configured on the docking devices through manual configuration. The embodiments of this application do not limit the method of creating a link in a three-party network. For example, the virtual link view can be configured on the first target device and the second target device, and the path calculation attributes can be configured in the virtual link view to implement the configuration of the virtual link. After configuration, virtual link testing can also be performed, for example:
Virtual Link test1Virtual Link test1
Link binding interface GE1/0/0 //虚拟链路绑定本端的物理接口Link binding interface GE1/0/0 //The virtual link is bound to the local physical interface
local ipv6-address unnumbered interface GE1/0/0 //虚拟链路本端IP地址，可以借用物理接口IP地址local ipv6-address unnumbered interface GE1/0/0 //The local IP address of the virtual link, you can borrow the physical interface IP address
remote ipv6-address 200::1 //虚拟链路对端IP地址remote ipv6-address 200::1 //Virtual link peer IP address
TWAMP test1 // TWAMP实例，用于探测虚拟链路的时延TWAMP test1 // TWAMP instance, used to detect the delay of virtual links
te metric value // TE算路权重te metric value // TE path calculation weight
link administrative group name //亲和属性link administrative group name //Affinity attribute
SRLG value //共享风险链路组SRLG value //Shared risk link group
bandwidth max-reservable-bandwidth value //最大可预留带宽bandwidth max-reservable-bandwidth value //Maximum reservable bandwidth
为了减少手工命令行配置的繁杂工作，可以通过控制设备将可视化界面下发进行配置，在控制设备界面上输入必要的参数，控制设备自动生成对应的命令行配置，通过网络配置协议(network configuration protocol，NETCONF)或者简单网络管理协议(simplenetwork management protocol，SNMP)等接口下发给设备。In order to reduce the complicated work of manual command line configuration, the visual interface can be delivered to the control device for configuration. The necessary parameters can be entered on the control device interface. The control device automatically generates the corresponding command line configuration. Through the network configuration protocol , NETCONF) or simple network management protocol (simple network management protocol, SNMP) and other interfaces are delivered to the device.
除上述创建虚拟链路的方式外，还可通过BGP EPE创建，举例如下：In addition to the above methods of creating a virtual link, it can also be created through BGP EPE. For example:
bgp 100bgp 100
peer 2::2egress-engineering srv6 locator a1peer 2::2egress-engineering srv6 locator a1
peer 2::2virtual-link //将该peer设置为虚链路，会创建一个虚链路视图peer 2::2virtual-link //Set the peer as a virtual link and create a virtual link view.
TWAMP test1 // TWAMP实例，用于探测虚拟链路的时延TWAMP test1 // TWAMP instance, used to detect the delay of virtual links
te metric value // TE算路权重te metric value // TE path calculation weight
link administrative group name //亲和属性link administrative group name //Affinity attribute
SRLG value //共享风险链路组SRLG value //Shared risk link group
bandwidth max-reservable-bandwidth value //最大可预留带宽bandwidth max-reservable-bandwidth value //Maximum reservable bandwidth
通过借助BGP视图创建虚拟链路，系统架构改动较小，开发工作量小。此外，通过BGP信令可以检测虚拟链路连通性，判断虚拟链路的状态。By creating virtual links with the help of BGP views, system architecture changes are small and development workload is small. In addition, BGP signaling can be used to detect virtual link connectivity and determine the status of the virtual link.
无论是哪种方式创建三方网络的链路，在一种可能的实现方式中，三方网络中的链路的信息包括：第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间建立的虚拟链路的信息。No matter which method is used to create a link in the three-party network, in a possible implementation manner, the information about the link in the three-party network includes: information about the virtual link established between the first target device and the second target device.
示例性地，该三方网络中的链路的信息包括算路属性，示例性地，算路属性包括但不限于TE度量、亲和属性、SRLG、最大可预留带宽、测量链路时延的TWAMP实例中的至少一种。可选地，该链路的信息还包括接口参数，链路时延、链路接口速率、链路流量大小、链路带宽利用率中的至少一种。Exemplarily, the information of the links in the three-party network includes path calculation attributes. Exemplarily, the path calculation attributes include but are not limited to TE metrics, affinity attributes, SRLG, maximum reservable bandwidth, and measured link delay. At least one of the TWAMP instances. Optionally, the link information also includes interface parameters, at least one of link delay, link interface rate, link traffic size, and link bandwidth utilization.
1102，第一目标设备向控制设备上报虚拟链路的信息。1102. The first target device reports virtual link information to the control device.
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一目标设备向控制设备上报虚拟链路的信息，包括：第一目标设备向控制设备发送第一报文，该第一报文包括虚拟链路的信息。In a possible implementation manner, the first target device reporting virtual link information to the control device includes: the first target device sending a first message to the control device, where the first message includes the virtual link information.
示例性地，虚拟链路的信息携带在第一报文的NLRI中，或者，虚拟链路的信息携带在第一报文的SRv6 SID NLRI中。For example, the information of the virtual link is carried in the NLRI of the first packet, or the information of the virtual link is carried in the SRv6 SID NLRI of the first packet.
1103，控制设备获得第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间的虚拟链路的信息。1103. The control device obtains information about the virtual link between the first target device and the second target device.
控制设备除了获得第一目标设备上报的第一目标设备与第二目标设备之间的虚拟链路的信息，还获得第二目标设备上报的第一目标设备与第二目标设备之间的虚拟链路的信息。第一目标设备和第二目标设备上报虚拟链路的信息的方式，可参见上述201中的相关描述，此处不再赘述。In addition to obtaining the virtual link information between the first target device and the second target device reported by the first target device, the control device also obtains the virtual link between the first target device and the second target device reported by the second target device. road information. For the manner in which the first target device and the second target device report the virtual link information, please refer to the relevant description in step 201 above, which will not be described again here.
1104，控制设备为第一目标设备在三方网络中的虚拟链路分配链路标签。1104. The control device allocates a link label to the virtual link of the first target device in the three-party network.
在一种可能的实现方式中，链路标签包括出口标签和入口标签中的至少一种，出口标签用于指示出接口，入口标签用于指示入接口。分配链路标签的方式可参见上述201的相关描述，此处不再赘述。In a possible implementation, the link label includes at least one of an egress label and an ingress label. The egress label is used to indicate the egress interface, and the ingress label is used to indicate the ingress interface. For the method of allocating link labels, please refer to the relevant description of 201 above, and will not be described again here.
1105，控制设备将链路标签发送给第一目标设备。1105. The control device sends the link label to the first target device.
本申请实施例不对控制设备将链路标签发送给第一目标设备的方式进行限定，示例性地，链路标签通过扩展的BGP TLV携带。发送链路标签的方式可参见上述201的相关描述，此处不再赘述。The embodiment of the present application does not limit the manner in which the control device sends the link label to the first target device. For example, the link label is carried through an extended BGP TLV. For the method of sending link labels, please refer to the relevant description of 201 above, and will not be described again here.
1106，第一目标设备接收控制设备发送的链路标签，对链路标签进行处理。1106. The first target device receives the link label sent by the control device and processes the link label.
第一目标设备对链路标签进行处理，包括但不限于如下两种处理方式。The first target device processes the link label, including but not limited to the following two processing methods.
处理方式一，第一目标设备获取第二报文，在第二报文中封装链路标签，得到第三报文；第一目标设备发送第三报文。In the first processing method, the first target device obtains the second message, encapsulates the link label in the second message, and obtains the third message; the first target device sends the third message.
本申请实施例不对第二报文的具体类型以及第二报文的内容进行限定，由于为三方网络中的链路分配了链路标签，因而在传输第二报文时，可在该第二报文中封装链路标签，得到第三报文。通过在报文中封装链路标签，能够指定从哪个接口接收报文。The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific type of the second message and the content of the second message. Since link labels are allocated to the links in the three-party network, when the second message is transmitted, the second message can be The link label is encapsulated in the message to obtain the third message. By encapsulating link labels in packets, you can specify the interface from which packets are received.
处理方式二，第一目标设备接收第四报文，第四报文中封装有入口标签；第一目标设备将入口标签从第四报文中弹出，得到第五报文；第一目标设备发送第五报文。Processing method two: the first target device receives the fourth message, and the fourth message is encapsulated with the entrance label; the first target device pops the entrance label out of the fourth message to obtain the fifth message; the first target device sends The fifth message.
该种方式下，第一目标设备接收第四报文，由于该第四报文封装有入口标签，因而第一目标设备在转发该第四报文之前，先将入口标签从第四报文中弹出，得到第五报文，将不包括该入口标签的第五报文进行发送。In this way, the first target device receives the fourth message. Since the fourth message is encapsulated with the entry label, the first target device first removes the entry label from the fourth message before forwarding the fourth message. Pops up, gets the fifth message, and sends the fifth message that does not include the entry tag.
接下来，以三方网络中配置有虚拟设备为例，对本申请实施例提供的方法进行举例说明。原始的目标网络的网络拓扑如图12所示，该目标网络包括R1-R6这6个网络设备，其中，R2和R6之间通过三方网络连接。基于本申请实施例提供的方法，在控制设备上增加虚拟设备图标表示三方网络，如图13所示。可选地，除了增加虚拟设备的图标外，也可以通过云等其他图标表示三方网络，本申请实施例对此不加以限定。Next, taking a virtual device configured in a three-party network as an example, the method provided by the embodiment of the present application will be illustrated. The network topology of the original target network is shown in Figure 12. The target network includes six network devices R1-R6, among which R2 and R6 are connected through a three-party network. Based on the method provided by the embodiment of this application, a virtual device icon is added to the control device to represent the three-party network, as shown in Figure 13. Optionally, in addition to adding the icon of the virtual device, the third-party network can also be represented by other icons such as cloud, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
在图13所示的网络拓扑基础上，参见图14，本申请实施例提供的网络管理方法包括如下几个步骤。Based on the network topology shown in Figure 13, referring to Figure 14, the network management method provided by the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps.
1401，第一目标设备获得第一目标设备上配置的第一目标设备和虚拟设备之间的第一链路的信息。1401. The first target device obtains information about the first link between the first target device and the virtual device configured on the first target device.
在与三方网络对接的第一目标设备上，与虚拟设备建立BGP EPE邻居，获得第一目标设备与虚拟设备之间的第一链路的信息。除此之外，第二目标设备也与虚拟设备建立BGPEPE邻居，获得第二目标设备与虚拟设备之间的第二链路的信息。On the first target device connected to the third-party network, establish a BGP EPE neighbor with the virtual device, and obtain information about the first link between the first target device and the virtual device. In addition, the second target device also establishes a BGPEPE neighbor with the virtual device to obtain information about the second link between the second target device and the virtual device.
1402，第一目标设备向控制设备上报第一链路的信息。1402. The first target device reports the first link information to the control device.
示例性地，第一目标设备可通过BGP-LS将BGP EPE邻居关系上报控制设备。例如，如图13所示，R2将BGP EPE邻居的本端IP地址、对端IP地址、本端接口名称或者接口索引上报给控制设备。For example, the first target device may report the BGP EPE neighbor relationship to the control device through BGP-LS. For example, as shown in Figure 13, R2 reports the local IP address, peer IP address, local interface name, or interface index of the BGP EPE neighbor to the control device.
此外，在第一目标设备和虚拟设备之间的链路上配置有第一链路的信息，例如包括算路属性(TE metric、亲和属性、SRLG、最大可预留带宽、测量链路时延的TWAMP实例等)，第一目标设备通过BGP-LS将算路属性、链路时延、链路接口速率等第一链路的信息上报给控制设备。In addition, information about the first link is configured on the link between the first target device and the virtual device, including, for example, path calculation attributes (TE metric, affinity attributes, SRLG, maximum reservable bandwidth, link measurement time Delayed TWAMP instance, etc.), the first target device reports the first link information such as path calculation attributes, link delay, link interface rate, etc. to the control device through BGP-LS.
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一目标设备向控制设备上报第一链路的信息，包括：第一目标设备向控制设备发送第一报文，该第一报文包括第一链路的信息。示例性地，第一链路的信息携带在第一报文的NLRI中，或者，第一链路的信息携带在第一报文的SRv6 SIDNLRI中。In a possible implementation manner, the first target device reports the information of the first link to the control device, including: the first target device sends a first message to the control device, where the first message includes the information of the first link. information. For example, the information of the first link is carried in the NLRI of the first packet, or the information of the first link is carried in the SRv6 SIDNLRI of the first packet.
1403，控制设备获得第一目标设备和虚拟设备之间的第一链路的信息。1403. The control device obtains information about the first link between the first target device and the virtual device.
控制设备除了获得第一目标设备上报的第一目标设备与虚拟设备之间的第一链路的信息，还获得第二目标设备上报的第二目标设备与虚拟设备之间的第二链路的信息。第一目标设备上报第一链路的信息和第二目标设备上报第二链路的信息的方式，可参见上述201中的相关描述，此处不再赘述。In addition to obtaining the information about the first link between the first target device and the virtual device reported by the first target device, the control device also obtains the information about the second link between the second target device and the virtual device reported by the second target device. information. For the manner in which the first target device reports the information of the first link and the second target device reports the information of the second link, please refer to the relevant description in step 201 above, which will not be described again here.
控制设备获取到第一链路的信息和第二链路的信息后，便可基于该三方网络中的信息对网络进行管理。示例性地，控制设备根据目标网络的网络拓扑以及各条链路的链路信息基于带宽算路时，对网络拓扑中非三层网络的设备进行出接口带宽算路，不对虚拟设备进行出接口带宽算路。例如，与三方网络单链路对接时，虚拟设备相当于松散算路。比如图13中，R2到R4的流量，只需要指定R2的出口即可，不需要指定虚拟设备的出口。与三方网络多链路对接时，虚拟设备需要严格算路。比如R2到R6的流量，由于虚拟设备到R6之间有2条物理链路，算路时，除了指定R2的出口外，还需要指定虚拟设备的出口。After the control device obtains the information of the first link and the information of the second link, it can manage the network based on the information in the three-party network. For example, when the control device calculates paths based on bandwidth based on the network topology of the target network and the link information of each link, it performs outbound interface bandwidth path calculation on devices that are not Layer 3 networks in the network topology, and does not perform outbound interface calculations on virtual devices. Bandwidth counts. For example, when connected to a single link of a third-party network, the virtual device is equivalent to loose path calculation. For example, in Figure 13, for traffic from R2 to R4, you only need to specify the egress of R2, and there is no need to specify the egress of the virtual device. When connecting to multi-link third-party networks, virtual devices need to perform strict path calculations. For example, for traffic from R2 to R6, since there are two physical links between the virtual device and R6, when calculating the path, in addition to specifying the egress of R2, you also need to specify the egress of the virtual device.
可选地，根据时延算路时，由于无法探测实际设备和虚拟设备之间的时延，采用跨虚拟设备的时延进行算路。比如采用R2到R4，R2到R6的时延进行算路。Optionally, when calculating the path based on the delay, since the delay between the actual device and the virtual device cannot be detected, the delay across the virtual devices is used to calculate the path. For example, the delay from R2 to R4 and R2 to R6 is used to calculate the path.
1404，控制设备为第一链路分配链路标签。1404. The control device allocates a link label to the first link.
控制设备获得第一链路的信息和第二链路的信息后，该控制设备可根据该三方网络中的链路的信息还原虚拟设备与实际设备即第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间的链路，实现拓扑还原。After the control device obtains the information of the first link and the information of the second link, the control device can restore the relationship between the virtual device and the actual device, that is, the first target device and the second target device according to the link information in the three-party network. links to achieve topology restoration.
需要说明的是，如果三方网络的设备不支持BGP EPE，或者不具备创建BGP EPE邻居的条件时，可以手动在控制设备上创建虚拟设备和实际设备即第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间的链路，并指定该链路对应实际设备的哪个接口。It should be noted that if the device on the third-party network does not support BGP EPE, or does not have the conditions to create a BGP EPE neighbor, you can manually create a virtual device on the control device and the actual device, that is, the first target device and the second target device. link, and specify which interface of the actual device the link corresponds to.
在一种可能的实现方式中，链路标签包括出口标签和入口标签中的至少一种，出口标签用于指示出接口，入口标签用于指示入接口。分配链路标签的方式可参见上述201的相关描述，此处不再赘述。控制设备不仅为第一链路分配链路标签，同样也对第二链路分配链路标签。In a possible implementation, the link label includes at least one of an egress label and an ingress label. The egress label is used to indicate the egress interface, and the ingress label is used to indicate the ingress interface. For the method of allocating link labels, please refer to the relevant description of 201 above, and will not be described again here. The control device not only allocates a link label to the first link, but also allocates a link label to the second link.
除了控制设备为虚拟设备的接口分配标签外，还可由第一目标设备分配标签。多链路对接场景，严格算路除了指定实际设备的出接口外，还需要指定虚拟设备的出接口。如图15所示，R2到R6的流量需要指定从虚拟设备的哪个接口发给R6，需要指定虚拟设备的出接口标签。由于虚拟设备无法分配标签，可通过R6给虚拟设备分配标签，相当于给R6分配入接口标签，如图16所示。如果当前BGP-LS协议不支持入口标签，可以扩展TLV分配入口标签。分配链路标签的方式可参见上述201的相关描述，此处不再赘述。In addition to the control device assigning labels to the interfaces of the virtual device, the first target device may also assign labels. In multi-link docking scenarios, strict path calculation requires specifying the outbound interface of the virtual device in addition to the outbound interface of the actual device. As shown in Figure 15, the traffic from R2 to R6 needs to be specified from which interface of the virtual device is sent to R6, and the outbound interface label of the virtual device needs to be specified. Since virtual devices cannot be assigned labels, labels can be assigned to virtual devices through R6, which is equivalent to assigning incoming interface labels to R6, as shown in Figure 16. If the current BGP-LS protocol does not support ingress labels, the TLV can be extended to allocate ingress labels. For the method of allocating link labels, please refer to the relevant description of 201 above, and will not be described again here.
1405，控制设备将链路标签发送给第一目标设备。1405. The control device sends the link label to the first target device.
本申请实施例不对控制设备将链路标签发送给第一目标设备的方式进行限定，示例性地，链路标签通过扩展的BGP TLV携带。发送链路标签的方式可参见上述201的相关描述，此处不再赘述。此外，控制设备还可将第二链路的链路标签发送给第二目标设备。The embodiment of the present application does not limit the manner in which the control device sends the link label to the first target device. For example, the link label is carried through an extended BGP TLV. For the method of sending link labels, please refer to the relevant description of 201 above, and will not be described again here. In addition, the control device may also send the link label of the second link to the second target device.
1406，第一目标设备接收控制设备发送的链路标签，对链路标签进行处理。1406. The first target device receives the link label sent by the control device and processes the link label.
第一目标设备对链路标签进行处理的方式可参见上述1106的相关描述，此处不再赘述。For the manner in which the first target device processes the link label, please refer to the relevant description of step 1106 above, which will not be described again here.
本申请实施例提供的方法中，通过在三方网络中配置虚拟设备，从而能够建立第一目标设备与虚拟设备之间的链路，使得控制设备能够基于该链路的信息实现网络管理，还原的网络拓扑与实际拓扑更接近，提高了管理的准确性。In the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, by configuring the virtual device in the three-party network, a link between the first target device and the virtual device can be established, so that the control device can implement network management based on the information of the link, and the restored The network topology is closer to the actual topology, improving management accuracy.
本申请实施例提供了一种网络管理装置，该装置应用于控制设备，该控制设备位于包括第一目标设备、第二目标设备和控制设备的目标网络中，第一目标设备和第二目标设备通过三方网络连接。如图17所示，该装置包括：Embodiments of the present application provide a network management device, which is applied to a control device. The control device is located in a target network including a first target device, a second target device, and a control device. The first target device and the second target device Connect via a third-party network. As shown in Figure 17, the device includes:
获取模块1701，用于获得第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间的三方网络中的链路的信息；The acquisition module 1701 is used to obtain information about the link in the three-party network between the first target device and the second target device;
管理模块1702，用于根据三方网络中的链路的信息进行网络管理。The management module 1702 is used to perform network management based on the information of links in the three-party network.
在一种可能的实现方式中，获取模块1701，用于接收第一目标设备上报的第一报文，第一报文包括三方网络中的链路的信息。In a possible implementation, the acquisition module 1701 is configured to receive a first message reported by the first target device, where the first message includes information about links in the three-party network.
在一种可能的实现方式中，三方网络中的链路的信息携带在第一报文的链路网络层可达信息NLRI中，或者，三方网络中的链路的信息携带在第一报文的第六版网络协议的段路由SRv6段标识SID NLRI中。In a possible implementation, the information of the links in the three-party network is carried in the link network layer reachability information NLRI of the first message, or the information of the links in the three-party network is carried in the first message. The Segment Routing of Network Protocol 6 SRv6 Segment Identifier SID is in NLRI.
在一种可能的实现方式中，获取模块1701，用于获得配置的三方网络中的链路的信息。In a possible implementation, the acquisition module 1701 is configured to obtain information about links in the configured three-party network.
在一种可能的实现方式中，三方网络中的链路的信息包括：第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间建立的虚拟链路的信息；或第一链路的信息和第二链路的信息，第一链路为第一目标设备与三方网络中包括的虚拟设备之间的链路，第二链路为第二目标设备与虚拟设备之间的链路。In a possible implementation, the information about the links in the three-party network includes: information about the virtual link established between the first target device and the second target device; or information about the first link and the second link information, the first link is a link between the first target device and the virtual device included in the third-party network, and the second link is a link between the second target device and the virtual device.
在一种可能的实现方式中，获取模块1701，还用于获得配置的虚拟设备的信息。In a possible implementation, the acquisition module 1701 is also used to obtain information about the configured virtual device.
在一种可能的实现方式中，管理模块1702，用于显示三方网络中的链路的信息和非三方网络中的链路的信息。In a possible implementation, the management module 1702 is configured to display information about links in the three-party network and information about links in the non-three-party network.
在一种可能的实现方式中，非三方网络的链路两端的网际协议IP地址在同一个网段，三方网络的链路两端的IP地址在不同网段；或者，非三方网络的链路的标签包括节点标签和链路标签，三方网络的链路的标签包括节点标签，不包括链路标签。In a possible implementation, the Internet Protocol IP addresses at both ends of the link in the non-three-party network are in the same network segment, and the IP addresses at both ends of the link in the three-party network are in different network segments; or, the IP addresses at both ends of the link in the non-three-party network are in different network segments; Labels include node labels and link labels. The label of a link in a three-party network includes node labels but does not include link labels.
在一种可能的实现方式中，管理模块1702，用于根据三方网络中的链路的信息计算第一目标设备与第二目标设备之间的路径信息；向第一目标设备发送路径信息。In a possible implementation, the management module 1702 is configured to calculate path information between the first target device and the second target device based on the link information in the three-party network; and send the path information to the first target device.
在一种可能的实现方式中，管理模块1702，还用于为第一目标设备在三方网络中的链路分配链路标签，链路标签包括出口标签和入口标签中的至少一种，出口标签用于指示出接口，入口标签用于指示入接口。In a possible implementation, the management module 1702 is also configured to assign a link label to the link of the first target device in the three-party network. The link label includes at least one of an egress label and an ingress label. The egress label It is used to indicate the outgoing interface, and the ingress label is used to indicate the incoming interface.
在一种可能的实现方式中，管理模块1702，还用于将链路标签发送给第一目标设备，链路标签通过扩展的边界网关协议BGP类型长度值TLV携带。In a possible implementation, the management module 1702 is also configured to send the link label to the first target device, where the link label is carried through the extended Border Gateway Protocol BGP type length value TLV.
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一目标设备与第二目标设备之间的三方网络中的链路通过边界网关协议BGP出口对等体工程EPE创建。In a possible implementation manner, the link in the three-party network between the first target device and the second target device is created through the Border Gateway Protocol BGP egress peer engineering EPE.
在一种可能的实现方式中，链路的信息包括算路属性，算路属性包括流量工程TE度量、亲和属性、共享风险链路组SRLG、最大可预留带宽、测量链路时延的双向主动测量协议TWAMP实例中的至少一种。In a possible implementation, the link information includes path calculation attributes, and the path calculation attributes include traffic engineering TE metrics, affinity attributes, shared risk link group SRLG, maximum reservable bandwidth, and measured link delay. At least one of the two-way active measurement protocol TWAMP instances.
在一种可能的实现方式中，链路的信息还包括接口参数，链路时延、链路接口速率、链路流量大小、链路带宽利用率中的至少一种。In a possible implementation manner, the link information also includes interface parameters, at least one of link delay, link interface rate, link traffic size, and link bandwidth utilization.
本申请实施例还提供了一种网络管理装置，该装置应用于第一目标设备，第一目标设备位于包括第一目标设备、第二目标设备和控制设备的目标网络中，第一目标设备和第二目标设备通过三方网络连接。参见图18，该装置包括：An embodiment of the present application also provides a network management device, which is applied to a first target device. The first target device is located in a target network including a first target device, a second target device, and a control device. The first target device and The second target device is connected via a three-party network. Referring to Figure 18, the device includes:
接收模块1801，用于接收控制设备发送的链路标签，链路标签由控制设备为第一目标设备在三方网络中的链路分配，链路标签包括出口标签和入口标签中的至少一种，出口标签用于指示出接口，入口标签用于指示入接口；The receiving module 1801 is configured to receive a link label sent by the control device. The link label is allocated by the control device for the link of the first target device in the three-party network. The link label includes at least one of an egress label and an ingress label. The egress label is used to indicate the outgoing interface, and the ingress label is used to indicate the incoming interface;
处理模块1802，用于对链路标签进行处理。The processing module 1802 is used to process link labels.
在一种可能的实现方式中，装置还包括：In a possible implementation, the device further includes:
获取模块，用于获得第一目标设备上配置的第一目标设备和第二目标设备之间的三方网络中的链路的信息；An acquisition module configured to obtain information about the link in the three-party network between the first target device and the second target device configured on the first target device;
上报模块，用于向控制设备上报三方网络中的链路的信息，三方网络中的链路的信息用于控制设备进行网络管理。The reporting module is used to report the information of the links in the three-party network to the control device. The information of the links in the three-party network is used by the control device for network management.
在一种可能的实现方式中，上报模块，用于向控制设备发送第一报文，第一报文包括三方网络中的链路的信息。In a possible implementation manner, the reporting module is configured to send a first message to the control device, where the first message includes information about links in the three-party network.
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理模块1802，用于获取第二报文，在第二报文中封装链路标签，得到第三报文；发送第三报文。In a possible implementation, the processing module 1802 is configured to obtain the second message, encapsulate the link label in the second message to obtain the third message, and send the third message.
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理模块1802，用于接收第四报文，第四报文中封装有入口标签；将入口标签从第四报文中弹出，得到第五报文；发送第五报文。In a possible implementation, the processing module 1802 is configured to receive a fourth message, in which an entry tag is encapsulated; pop the entry tag out of the fourth message to obtain a fifth message; and send the fourth message. Five messages.
应理解的是，上述图17和图18提供的装置在实现其功能时，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将设备的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。另外，上述实施例提供的装置与方法实施例属于同一构思，其具体实现过程详见方法实施例，这里不再赘述。It should be understood that when implementing the functions of the devices provided in Figures 17 and 18, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above functions can be allocated to different functional modules as needed. , that is, dividing the internal structure of the device into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the apparatus and method embodiments provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process can be found in the method embodiments, which will not be described again here.
上述实施例中的控制设备和第一目标设备和第二目标设备的具体硬件结构如图19所示的网络设备1500，包括通信接口1501、处理器1502和存储器1503。通信接口1501、处理器1502和存储器1503之间通过总线1504连接。其中，通信接口1501用于接收报文和发送报文，存储器1503用于存放指令或程序代码，处理器1502用于调用存储器1503中的指令或程序代码使得该网络设备执行上述方法实施例中控制设备、第一目标设备和第二目标设备的相关处理步骤。The specific hardware structure of the control device, the first target device and the second target device in the above embodiment is shown in the network device 1500 in Figure 19, including a communication interface 1501, a processor 1502 and a memory 1503. The communication interface 1501, the processor 1502 and the memory 1503 are connected through a bus 1504. Among them, the communication interface 1501 is used to receive and send messages, the memory 1503 is used to store instructions or program codes, and the processor 1502 is used to call the instructions or program codes in the memory 1503 to cause the network device to perform the control in the above method embodiment. The related processing steps of the device, the first target device, and the second target device.
网络设备1500还可以对应于上述图17所示的装置，例如，图17中所涉及的获取模块1701和管理模块1702相当于处理器1502。又例如，图18中所涉及的接收模块1801相当于通信接口1501，处理模块1802相当于处理器1502。The network device 1500 may also correspond to the device shown in FIG. 17 above. For example, the acquisition module 1701 and the management module 1702 involved in FIG. 17 are equivalent to the processor 1502. For another example, the receiving module 1801 involved in FIG. 18 is equivalent to the communication interface 1501, and the processing module 1802 is equivalent to the processor 1502.
参见图20，图20示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的网络设备2000的结构示意图。图20所示的网络设备2000用于执行上述图2、图11、图14所示的网络管理方法所涉及的操作。该网络设备2000例如是交换机、路由器等。Referring to Figure 20, Figure 20 shows a schematic structural diagram of a network device 2000 provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The network device 2000 shown in FIG. 20 is used to perform operations related to the network management methods shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 11, and FIG. 14. The network device 2000 is, for example, a switch, a router, etc.
如图20所示，网络设备2000包括至少一个处理器2001、存储器2003以及至少一个通信接口2004。As shown in Figure 20, the network device 2000 includes at least one processor 2001, a memory 2003, and at least one communication interface 2004.
处理器2001例如是通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、网络处理器(network processer，NP)、图形处理器(Graphics Processing Unit，GPU)、神经网络处理器(neural-network processingunits，NPU)、数据处理单元(Data Processing Unit，DPU)、微处理器或者一个或多个用于实现本申请方案的集成电路。例如，处理器2001包括专用集成电路(application-specificintegrated circuit，ASIC)，可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件、硬件部件或者其任意组合。PLD例如是复杂可编程逻辑器件(complex programmable logic device，CPLD)、现场可编程逻辑门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)、通用阵列逻辑(generic array logic，GAL)或其任意组合。其可以实现或执行结合本申请实施例公开内容所描述的各种逻辑方框、模块和电路。处理器也可以是实现计算功能的组合，例如包括一个或多个微处理器组合，DSP和微处理器的组合等等。The processor 2001 is, for example, a general central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), a network processor (NP), a graphics processing unit (GPU), Neural network processors (neural-network processing units, NPU), data processing units (Data Processing Unit, DPU), microprocessors or one or more integrated circuits used to implement the solution of the present application. For example, the processor 2001 includes an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. A PLD is, for example, a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a general array logic (GAL), or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute various logical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with the disclosure of the embodiments of this application. The processor can also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, and so on.
可选的，网络设备2000还包括总线。总线用于在网络设备2000的各组件之间传送信息。总线可以是外设部件互连标准(peripheral component interconnect，简称PCI)总线或扩展工业标准结构(extended industry standard architecture，简称EISA)总线等。总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图20中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。图20中网络设备2000的各组件之间除了采用总线连接，还可采用其他方式连接，本申请实施例不对各组件的连接方式进行限定。Optionally, the network device 2000 also includes a bus. Buses are used to transfer information between components of network device 2000. The bus may be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus. The bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of presentation, only one thick line is used in Figure 20, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus. In addition to bus connection, the various components of the network device 2000 in Figure 20 can also be connected in other ways. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the connection method of each component.
存储器2003例如是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其它类型的静态存储设备，又如是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其它类型的动态存储设备，又如是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only Memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compactdisc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其它光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其它磁存储设备，或者是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其它介质，但不限于此。存储器2003例如是独立存在，并通过总线与处理器2001相连接。存储器2003也可以和处理器2001集成在一起。The memory 2003 is, for example, a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, or a random access memory (random access memory, RAM) or a device that can store information and instructions. Other types of dynamic storage devices, such as electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compactdisc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, optical disk storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be used by Any other media accessed by a computer, but not limited to this. The memory 2003 exists independently, for example, and is connected to the processor 2001 through a bus. The memory 2003 may also be integrated with the processor 2001.
通信接口2004使用任何收发器一类的装置，用于与其它设备或通信网络通信，通信网络可以为以太网、无线接入网(RAN)或无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)等。通信接口2004可以包括有线通信接口，还可以包括无线通信接口。具体的，通信接口2004可以为以太(Ethernet)接口、快速以太(Fast Ethernet，FE)接口、千兆以太(Gigabit Ethernet，GE)接口，异步传输模式(Asynchronous Transfer Mode，ATM)接口，无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)接口，蜂窝网络通信接口或其组合。以太网接口可以是光接口，电接口或其组合。在本申请实施例中，通信接口2004可以用于网络设备2000与其他设备进行通信。The communication interface 2004 uses any device such as a transceiver for communicating with other devices or a communication network. The communication network may be Ethernet, a radio access network (RAN) or a wireless local area network (WLAN), etc. The communication interface 2004 may include a wired communication interface and may also include a wireless communication interface. Specifically, the communication interface 2004 can be an Ethernet (Ethernet) interface, a Fast Ethernet (FE) interface, a Gigabit Ethernet (GE) interface, an asynchronous transfer mode (Asynchronous Transfer Mode, ATM) interface, a wireless LAN ( wireless local area networks (WLAN) interface, cellular network communication interface or a combination thereof. The Ethernet interface can be an optical interface, an electrical interface, or a combination thereof. In this embodiment of the present application, the communication interface 2004 can be used for the network device 2000 to communicate with other devices.
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，处理器2001可以包括一个或多个CPU，如图20中所示的CPU0和CPU1。这些处理器中的每一个可以是一个单核(single-CPU)处理器，也可以是一个多核(multi-CPU)处理器。这里的处理器可以指一个或多个设备、电路、和/或用于处理数据(例如计算机程序指令)的处理核。In specific implementation, as an embodiment, the processor 2001 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 as shown in FIG. 20 . Each of these processors may be a single-CPU processor or a multi-CPU processor. A processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (eg, computer program instructions).
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，网络设备2000可以包括多个处理器，如图20中所示的处理器2001和处理器2005。这些处理器中的每一个可以是一个单核处理器(single-CPU)，也可以是一个多核处理器(multi-CPU)。这里的处理器可以指一个或多个设备、电路、和/或用于处理数据(如计算机程序指令)的处理核。In specific implementation, as an embodiment, the network device 2000 may include multiple processors, such as the processor 2001 and the processor 2005 shown in FIG. 20 . Each of these processors can be a single-core processor (single-CPU) or a multi-core processor (multi-CPU). A processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (such as computer program instructions).
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，网络设备2000还可以包括输出设备和输入设备。输出设备和处理器2001通信，可以以多种方式来显示信息。例如，输出设备可以是液晶显示器(liquid crystal display，LCD)、发光二级管(light emitting diode，LED)显示设备、阴极射线管(cathode ray tube，CRT)显示设备或投影仪(projector)等。输入设备和处理器2001通信，可以以多种方式接收用户的输入。例如，输入设备可以是鼠标、键盘、触摸屏设备或传感设备等。In specific implementation, as an embodiment, the network device 2000 may also include an output device and an input device. Output devices communicate with processor 2001 and can display information in a variety of ways. For example, the output device may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, a projector, etc. Input devices communicate with processor 2001 and can receive user input in a variety of ways. For example, the input device may be a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device or a sensing device, etc.
在一些实施例中，存储器2003用于存储执行本申请方案的程序代码2010，处理器2001可以执行存储器2003中存储的程序代码2010。也即是，网络设备2000可以通过处理器2001以及存储器2003中的程序代码2010，来实现方法实施例提供的网络管理方法。程序代码2010中可以包括一个或多个软件模块。可选地，处理器2001自身也可以存储执行本申请方案的程序代码或指令。In some embodiments, the memory 2003 is used to store the program code 2010 for executing the solution of the present application, and the processor 2001 can execute the program code 2010 stored in the memory 2003. That is, the network device 2000 can implement the network management method provided by the method embodiment through the processor 2001 and the program code 2010 in the memory 2003. Program code 2010 may include one or more software modules. Optionally, the processor 2001 itself can also store program codes or instructions for executing the solution of the present application.
在具体实施例中，本申请实施例的网络设备2000可对应于上述各个方法实施例中的第一目标设备和第二目标设备，网络设备2000中的处理器2001读取存储器2003中的程序代码2010或处理器2001自身存储的程序代码或指令，使图20所示的网络设备2000能够执行第一目标设备和第二目标设备所执行的全部或部分操作。In a specific embodiment, the network device 2000 in the embodiment of the present application may correspond to the first target device and the second target device in each of the above method embodiments. The processor 2001 in the network device 2000 reads the program code in the memory 2003 2010 or the program code or instructions stored in the processor 2001 itself enable the network device 2000 shown in FIG. 20 to perform all or part of the operations performed by the first target device and the second target device.
在具体实施例中，本申请实施例的网络设备2000可对应于上述各个方法实施例中的控制设备，网络设备2000中的处理器2001读取存储器2003中的程序代码2010或处理器2001自身存储的程序代码或指令，使图20所示的网络设备2000能够执行目标设备所执行的全部或部分操作。In a specific embodiment, the network device 2000 in the embodiment of the present application may correspond to the control device in each of the above method embodiments. The processor 2001 in the network device 2000 reads the program code 2010 in the memory 2003 or the processor 2001 itself stores The program code or instructions enable the network device 2000 shown in FIG. 20 to perform all or part of the operations performed by the target device.
网络设备2000还可以对应于上述图17和图18所示的装置，图17所示的装置中的每个功能模块采用网络设备2000的软件实现。换句话说，图17和图18所示的装置包括的功能模块为网络设备2000的处理器2001读取存储器2003中存储的程序代码2010后生成的。例如，图17中所涉及的获取模块1701和管理模块1702相当于处理器2001和/或处理器2005。又例如，图18中所涉及的接收模块1801相当于通信接口2004，处理模块1802相当于处理器2001和/或处理器2005。The network device 2000 may also correspond to the devices shown in FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 , and each functional module in the device shown in FIG. 17 is implemented by the software of the network device 2000. In other words, the functional modules included in the devices shown in Figures 17 and 18 are generated by the processor 2001 of the network device 2000 after reading the program code 2010 stored in the memory 2003. For example, the acquisition module 1701 and the management module 1702 involved in Figure 17 are equivalent to the processor 2001 and/or the processor 2005. For another example, the receiving module 1801 involved in FIG. 18 is equivalent to the communication interface 2004, and the processing module 1802 is equivalent to the processor 2001 and/or the processor 2005.
其中，图2、图11、图14所示的网络管理方法的各步骤通过网络设备2000的处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤，为避免重复，这里不再详细描述。Each step of the network management method shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 11, and FIG. 14 is completed through an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor of the network device 2000 or instructions in the form of software. The steps of the methods disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application can be directly implemented by a hardware processor for execution, or can be executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software module can be located in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers and other mature storage media in this field. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware. To avoid repetition, the details will not be described here.
参见图21，图21示出了本申请另一个示例性实施例提供的网络设备2100的结构示意图图21所示的网络设备2100用于执行上述图2、图11、图14所示的网络管理方法所涉及的全部或部分操作。该网络设备2100例如是交换机、路由器等，该网络设备2100可以由一般性的总线体系结构来实现。Referring to Figure 21, Figure 21 shows a schematic structural diagram of a network device 2100 provided by another exemplary embodiment of the present application. The network device 2100 shown in Figure 21 is used to perform the network management shown in Figure 2, Figure 11, and Figure 14. All or part of the operations involved in a method. The network device 2100 is, for example, a switch, a router, etc., and the network device 2100 can be implemented by a general bus architecture.
如图21所示，网络设备2100包括：主控板2110和接口板2130。As shown in Figure 21, the network device 2100 includes: a main control board 2110 and an interface board 2130.
主控板也称为主处理单元(main processing unit，MPU)或路由处理卡(routeprocessor card)，主控板2110用于对网络设备2100中各个组件的控制和管理，包括路由计算、设备管理、设备维护、协议处理功能。主控板2110包括：中央处理器2111和存储器2112。The main control board is also called the main processing unit (MPU) or route processor card. The main control board 2110 is used to control and manage various components in the network device 2100, including route calculation, device management, Equipment maintenance and protocol processing functions. The main control board 2110 includes: a central processing unit 2111 and a memory 2112.
接口板2130也称为线路接口单元卡(line processing unit，LPU)、线卡(linecard)或业务板。接口板2130用于提供各种业务接口并实现数据包的转发。业务接口包括而不限于以太网接口、POS(Packet over SONET/SDH)接口等，以太网接口例如是灵活以太网业务接口(Flexible Ethernet Clients，FlexE Clients)。接口板2130包括：中央处理器2131网络处理器2132、转发表项存储器2134和物理接口卡(ph10sical interface card，PIC)2133。The interface board 2130 is also called a line processing unit (LPU), line card (linecard) or service board. The interface board 2130 is used to provide various service interfaces and implement data packet forwarding. Service interfaces include, but are not limited to, Ethernet interfaces, POS (Packet over SONET/SDH) interfaces, etc. The Ethernet interfaces are, for example, Flexible Ethernet Clients (FlexE Clients). The interface board 2130 includes: a central processor 2131, a network processor 2132, a forwarding entry memory 2134, and a physical interface card (ph10sical interface card, PIC) 2133.
接口板2130上的中央处理器2131用于对接口板2130进行控制管理并与主控板2110上的中央处理器2111进行通信。The central processor 2131 on the interface board 2130 is used to control and manage the interface board 2130 and communicate with the central processor 2111 on the main control board 2110 .
网络处理器2132用于实现报文的发送处理。网络处理器2132的形态可以是转发芯片。转发芯片可以是网络处理器(network processor，NP)。在一些实施例中，转发芯片可以通过专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)或现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)实现。具体而言，网络处理器2132用于基于转发表项存储器2134保存的转发表转发接收到的报文，如果报文的目的地址为网络设备2100的地址，则将该报文上送至CPU(如中央处理器2131)处理；如果报文的目的地址不是网络设备2100的地址，则根据该目的地址从转发表中查找到该目的地址对应的下一跳和出接口，将该报文转发到该目的地址对应的出接口。其中，上行报文的处理可以包括：报文入接口的处理，转发表查找；下行报文的处理可以包括：转发表查找等等。在一些实施例中，中央处理器也可执行转发芯片的功能，比如基于通用CPU实现软件转发，从而接口板中不需要转发芯片。The network processor 2132 is used to implement message sending processing. The network processor 2132 may be in the form of a forwarding chip. The forwarding chip may be a network processor (NP). In some embodiments, the forwarding chip may be implemented by an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a field programmable gate array (FPGA). Specifically, the network processor 2132 is used to forward the received message based on the forwarding table stored in the forwarding table memory 2134. If the destination address of the message is the address of the network device 2100, the message is uploaded to the CPU ( Such as central processor 2131) processing; if the destination address of the message is not the address of the network device 2100, the next hop and outgoing interface corresponding to the destination address are found from the forwarding table according to the destination address, and the message is forwarded to The outbound interface corresponding to the destination address. Among them, the processing of uplink packets may include: processing of the packet incoming interface, forwarding table search; and the processing of downlink packets may include: forwarding table search, etc. In some embodiments, the central processing unit can also perform the function of the forwarding chip, such as implementing software forwarding based on a general-purpose CPU, so that there is no need for a forwarding chip in the interface board.
物理接口卡2133用于实现物理层的对接功能，原始的流量由此进入接口板2130，以及处理后的报文从该物理接口卡2133发出。物理接口卡2133也称为子卡，可安装在接口板2130上，负责将光电信号转换为报文并对报文进行合法性检查后转发给网络处理器2132处理。在一些实施例中，中央处理器2131也可执行网络处理器2132的功能，比如基于通用CPU实现软件转发，从而物理接口卡2133中不需要网络处理器2132。The physical interface card 2133 is used to implement the docking function of the physical layer. The original traffic enters the interface board 2130 through this, and the processed packets are sent out from the physical interface card 2133. The physical interface card 2133 is also called a daughter card and can be installed on the interface board 2130. It is responsible for converting photoelectric signals into messages and checking the validity of the messages before forwarding them to the network processor 2132 for processing. In some embodiments, the central processor 2131 can also perform the functions of the network processor 2132, such as implementing software forwarding based on a general-purpose CPU, so that the network processor 2132 is not required in the physical interface card 2133.
可选地，网络设备2100包括多个接口板，例如网络设备2100还包括接口板2140，接口板2140包括：中央处理器2141、网络处理器2142、转发表项存储器2144和物理接口卡2143。接口板2140中各部件的功能和实现方式与接口板2130相同或相似，在此不再赘述。Optionally, the network device 2100 includes multiple interface boards. For example, the network device 2100 also includes an interface board 2140. The interface board 2140 includes: a central processor 2141, a network processor 2142, a forwarding entry memory 2144, and a physical interface card 2143. The functions and implementation methods of each component in the interface board 2140 are the same as or similar to those of the interface board 2130 and will not be described again here.
可选地，网络设备2100还包括交换网板2120。交换网板2120也可以称为交换网板单元(switch fabric unit，SFU)。在网络设备有多个接口板的情况下，交换网板2120用于完成各接口板之间的数据交换。例如，接口板2130和接口板2140之间可以通过交换网板2120通信。Optionally, the network device 2100 also includes a switching network board 2120. The switching fabric unit 2120 may also be called a switching fabric unit (SFU). When the network device has multiple interface boards, the switching network board 2120 is used to complete data exchange between the interface boards. For example, the interface board 2130 and the interface board 2140 can communicate through the switching network board 2120.
主控板2110和接口板耦合。例如。主控板2110、接口板2130和接口板2140，以及交换网板2120之间通过系统总线与系统背板相连实现互通。在一种可能的实现方式中，主控板2110和接口板2130及接口板2140之间建立进程间通信协议(inter-processcommunication，IPC)通道，主控板2110和接口板2130及接口板2140之间通过IPC通道进行通信。The main control board 2110 is coupled with the interface board. For example. The main control board 2110, the interface board 2130, the interface board 2140, and the switching network board 2120 are connected to the system backplane through a system bus to achieve intercommunication. In a possible implementation, an inter-process communication protocol (IPC) channel is established between the main control board 2110 and the interface board 2130 and the interface board 2140. communicate through IPC channels.
在逻辑上，网络设备2100包括控制面和转发面，控制面包括主控板2110和中央处理器2111，转发面包括执行转发的各个组件，比如转发表项存储器2134、物理接口卡2133和网络处理器2132。控制面执行路由器、生成转发表、处理信令和协议报文、配置与维护网络设备的状态等功能，控制面将生成的转发表下发给转发面，在转发面，网络处理器2132基于控制面下发的转发表对物理接口卡2133收到的报文查表转发。控制面下发的转发表可以保存在转发表项存储器2134中。在有些实施例中，控制面和转发面可以完全分离，不在同一网络设备上。Logically, network device 2100 includes a control plane and a forwarding plane. The control plane includes a main control board 2110 and a central processor 2111. The forwarding plane includes various components that perform forwarding, such as forwarding entry memory 2134, physical interface card 2133, and network processing. Device 2132. The control plane executes functions such as router, generates forwarding tables, processes signaling and protocol messages, configures and maintains the status of network devices. The control plane sends the generated forwarding tables to the forwarding plane. On the forwarding plane, the network processor 2132 is based on the control The forwarding table delivered above looks up the table and forwards the packets received by the physical interface card 2133. The forwarding table delivered by the control plane may be stored in the forwarding table item storage 2134. In some embodiments, the control plane and forwarding plane may be completely separated and not on the same network device.
值得说明的是，主控板可能有一块或多块，有多块的时候可以包括主用主控板和备用主控板。接口板可能有一块或多块，网络设备的数据处理能力越强，提供的接口板越多。接口板上的物理接口卡也可以有一块或多块。交换网板可能没有，也可能有一块或多块，有多块的时候可以共同实现负荷分担冗余备份。在集中式转发架构下，网络设备可以不需要交换网板，接口板承担整个系统的业务数据的处理功能。在分布式转发架构下，网络设备可以有至少一块交换网板，通过交换网板实现多块接口板之间的数据交换，提供大容量的数据交换和处理能力。所以，分布式架构的网络设备的数据接入和处理能力要大于集中式架构的网络设备。可选地，网络设备的形态也可以是只有一块板卡，即没有交换网板，接口板和主控板的功能集成在该一块板卡上，此时接口板上的中央处理器和主控板上的中央处理器在该一块板卡上可以合并为一个中央处理器，执行两者叠加后的功能，这种形态网络设备的数据交换和处理能力较低(例如，低端交换机或路由器等网络设备)。具体采用哪种架构，取决于具体的组网部署场景，此处不做任何限定。It is worth mentioning that there may be one or more main control boards, and when there are multiple main control boards, they can include the main main control board and the backup main control board. There may be one or more interface boards. The stronger the data processing capability of the network device, the more interface boards are provided. There can also be one or more physical interface cards on the interface board. There may be no switching network board, or there may be one or more switching network boards. When there are multiple switching network boards, load sharing and redundant backup can be realized together. Under the centralized forwarding architecture, network equipment does not need switching network boards, and the interface boards are responsible for processing the business data of the entire system. Under the distributed forwarding architecture, network equipment can have at least one switching network board, which enables data exchange between multiple interface boards through the switching network board, providing large-capacity data exchange and processing capabilities. Therefore, the data access and processing capabilities of network equipment with a distributed architecture are greater than those with a centralized architecture. Optionally, the network device can also be in the form of only one board, that is, there is no switching network board. The functions of the interface board and the main control board are integrated on this board. In this case, the central processor and main control board on the interface board The central processor on the board can be combined into one central processor on this board to perform the superimposed functions of the two. This form of network equipment has low data exchange and processing capabilities (for example, low-end switches or routers, etc. Internet equipment). The specific architecture used depends on the specific networking deployment scenario and is not limited here.
在具体实施例中，网络设备2100对应于上述图2、图11和图14任一所示的应用于控制设备的网络管理装置。在一些实施例中，图17所示的网络管理装置中的获取模块1701和管理模块1702相当于网络设备2100中的中央处理器2111、网络处理器2132和网络处理器2142中的至少一个。In a specific embodiment, the network device 2100 corresponds to the network management device applied to the control device shown in any one of the above-mentioned FIG. 2, FIG. 11, and FIG. 14. In some embodiments, the acquisition module 1701 and the management module 1702 in the network management device shown in Figure 17 are equivalent to at least one of the central processor 2111, the network processor 2132 and the network processor 2142 in the network device 2100.
在一些实施例中，网络设备2100还对应于上述图18任一所示的应用于第一目标设备的网络管理装置。在一些实施例中，图18所示的网络管理装置中的接收模块1801相当于网络设备2100中的物理接口卡2133。图18所示的网络管理装置中的处理模块1802相当于网络设备2100中的中央处理器2111、网络处理器2132和网络处理器2142中的至少一个。其中，中央处理器2111、网络处理器2132和网络处理器2142中的至少一个是指中央处理器2111、网络处理器2132和网络处理器2142中的任意一个，或者多个构成任意组合。In some embodiments, the network device 2100 also corresponds to the network management device applied to the first target device shown in any one of the above-mentioned FIG. 18 . In some embodiments, the receiving module 1801 in the network management device shown in Figure 18 is equivalent to the physical interface card 2133 in the network device 2100. The processing module 1802 in the network management device shown in FIG. 18 is equivalent to at least one of the central processor 2111, the network processor 2132, and the network processor 2142 in the network device 2100. Among them, at least one of the central processor 2111, the network processor 2132, and the network processor 2142 refers to any one of the central processor 2111, the network processor 2132, and the network processor 2142, or any combination of a plurality of them.
基于上述图19、图20及图21所示的网络设备，本申请实施例还提供了一种网络管理系统，该网络管理系统包括：控制设备、第一目标设备及第二目标设备。可选的，控制设备、第一目标设备及第二目标设备为图19所示的网络设备1500或图20所示的网络设备2000或图21所示的网络设备2100。Based on the network devices shown in FIG. 19, FIG. 20 and FIG. 21, embodiments of the present application also provide a network management system. The network management system includes: a control device, a first target device and a second target device. Optionally, the control device, the first target device, and the second target device are the network device 1500 shown in FIG. 19 or the network device 2000 shown in FIG. 20 or the network device 2100 shown in FIG. 21 .
控制设备、第一目标设备及第二目标设备所执行的方法可参见上述图2、图11、图14所示实施例的相关描述，此处不再加以赘述。For the methods executed by the control device, the first target device, and the second target device, please refer to the relevant descriptions of the embodiments shown in FIG. 2 , FIG. 11 , and FIG. 14 , and will not be described again here.
应理解的是，上述处理器可以是中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processing，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(field－programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者是任何常规的处理器等。值得说明的是，处理器可以是支持进阶精简指令集机器(advanced RISC machines，ARM)架构的处理器。It should be understood that the above-mentioned processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processor, digital signal processing (DSP), or application specific integrated circuit. ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. It is worth noting that the processor may be a processor that supports advanced reduced instruction set machines (ARM) architecture.
进一步地，在一种可选的实施例中，上述存储器可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器提供指令和数据。存储器还可以包括非易失性随机存取存储器。例如，存储器还可以存储设备类型的信息。Further, in an optional embodiment, the above-mentioned memory may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provide instructions and data to the processor. Memory may also include non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory may also store device type information.
该存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用。例如，静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic random access memory，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data dateSDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(directrambus RAM，DR RAM)。The memory may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. Among them, the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically removable memory. Erase programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of illustration, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available. For example, static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (dynamic random access memory, DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (synchronous DRAM, SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access Memory (double data date SDRAM, DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM) and direct memory bus random access memory (directrambus RAM, DR RAM).
还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，存储介质中存储有至少一条程序指令或代码，程序指令或代码由处理器加载并执行时以使计算机实现如上图2、图11、图14中任一的网络管理方法。A computer-readable storage medium is also provided. At least one program instruction or code is stored in the storage medium. When the program instruction or code is loaded and executed by the processor, the computer can implement any one of the above figures 2, 11, and 14. network management methods.
本申请提供了一种计算机程序，当计算机程序被计算机执行时，可以使得处理器或计算机执行上述方法实施例中对应的各个步骤和/或流程。This application provides a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a computer, it can cause the processor or computer to execute corresponding steps and/or processes in the above method embodiments.
提供了一种芯片，包括处理器，用于从存储器中调用并运行存储器中存储的指令，使得安装有芯片的通信设备执行上述各方面中的方法。A chip is provided, including a processor for calling and running instructions stored in the memory, so that the communication device installed with the chip executes the methods in the above aspects.
提供另一种芯片，包括：输入接口、输出接口、处理器和存储器，输入接口、输出接口、处理器以及存储器之间通过内部连接通路相连，处理器用于执行存储器中的代码，当代码被执行时，处理器用于执行上述各方面中的方法。Provide another chip, including: input interface, output interface, processor and memory. The input interface, output interface, processor and memory are connected through internal connection paths. The processor is used to execute the code in the memory. When the code is executed , the processor is used to perform the methods in the above aspects.
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请的流程或功能。计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线)或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘Solid State Disk)等。In the above embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. A computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, processes or functions according to the present application are produced in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. Computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, e.g., computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server or data center via a wired link (e.g. Coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means to transmit to another website, computer, server or data center. Computer-readable storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, or other integrated media that contains one or more available media. Available media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), optical media (eg, DVD), or semiconductor media (eg, Solid State Disk), etc.
以上的具体实施方式，对本申请的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上仅为本申请的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本申请的保护范围，凡在本申请的技术方案的基础之上，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包括在本申请的保护范围之内。The above specific implementations further describe the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application in detail. It should be understood that the above are only specific implementations of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made on the basis of the technical solutions of this application shall be included in the protection scope of this application.
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例中描述的各方法步骤和模块，能够以软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各实施例的步骤及组成。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。本领域普通技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the method steps and modules described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. In order to clearly illustrate the interoperability of hardware and software, Alternatively, the steps and compositions of each embodiment have been generally described in terms of functions in the above description. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. One of ordinary skill in the art may implement the described functionality using different methods for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，该程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps to implement the above embodiments can be completed by hardware, or can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a program. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. As mentioned above, The storage medium can be read-only memory, magnetic disk or optical disk, etc.
当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。该计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机程序指令。作为示例，本申请实施例的方法可以在机器可执行指令的上下文中被描述，机器可执行指令诸如包括在目标的真实或者虚拟处理器上的器件中执行的程序模块中。一般而言，程序模块包括例程、程序、库、对象、类、组件、数据结构等，其执行特定的任务或者实现特定的抽象数据结构。在各实施例中，程序模块的功能可以在所描述的程序模块之间合并或者分割。用于程序模块的机器可执行指令可以在本地或者分布式设备内执行。在分布式设备中，程序模块可以位于本地和远程存储介质二者中。When implemented using software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer program instructions. By way of example, methods of embodiments of the present application may be described in the context of machine-executable instructions, such as included in a program module executing in a device on a target's real or virtual processor. Generally speaking, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, etc., which perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data structures. In various embodiments, the functionality of program modules may be combined or split between the described program modules. Machine-executable instructions for program modules can execute locally or on a distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules can be located in both local and remote storage media.
用于实现本申请实施例的方法的计算机程序代码可以用一种或多种编程语言编写。这些计算机程序代码可以提供给通用计算机、专用计算机或其他可编程的数据处理装置的处理器，使得程序代码在被计算机或其他可编程的数据处理装置执行的时候，引起在流程图和/或框图中规定的功能/操作被实施。程序代码可以完全在计算机上、部分在计算机上、作为独立的软件包、部分在计算机上且部分在远程计算机上或完全在远程计算机或服务器上执行。Computer program codes for implementing the methods of embodiments of the present application may be written in one or more programming languages. These computer program codes may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that when executed by the computer or other programmable data processing device, the program code causes the flowcharts and/or block diagrams to be displayed. The functions/operations specified in are implemented. The program code may execute entirely on the computer, partly on the computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server.
在本申请实施例的上下文中，计算机程序代码或者相关数据可以由任意适当载体承载，以使得设备、装置或者处理器能够执行上文描述的各种处理和操作。载体的示例包括信号、计算机可读介质等等。In the context of the embodiments of the present application, the computer program code or related data may be carried by any appropriate carrier, so that the device, device or processor can perform the various processes and operations described above. Examples of carriers include signals, computer-readable media, and the like.
信号的示例可以包括电、光、无线电、声音或其它形式的传播信号，诸如载波、红外信号等。Examples of signals may include electrical, optical, radio, acoustic, or other forms of propagated signals, such as carrier waves, infrared signals, and the like.
机器可读介质可以是包含或存储用于或有关于指令执行系统、装置或设备的程序的任何有形介质。机器可读介质可以是机器可读信号介质或机器可读存储介质。机器可读介质可以包括但不限于电子的、磁的、光学的、电磁的、红外的或半导体系统、装置或设备，或其任意合适的组合。机器可读存储介质的更详细示例包括带有一根或多根导线的电气连接、便携式计算机磁盘、硬盘、随机存储存取器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(EPROM或闪存)、光存储设备、磁存储设备，或其任意合适的组合。A machine-readable medium may be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program for or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. Machine-readable media may include, but are not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared or semiconductor systems, devices or devices, or any suitable combination thereof. More detailed examples of machine-readable storage media include an electrical connection with one or more wires, laptop computer disk, hard drive, random memory accessor (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory Memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为了描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、设备和模块的具体工作过程，可以参见前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and modules described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described again here.
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、设备和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的设备实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，该模块的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个模块或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口、设备或模块的间接耦合或通信连接，也可以是电的，机械的或其它的形式连接。In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the modules is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple modules or components may be combined or may be Integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or modules, or may be electrical, mechanical or other forms of connection.
该作为分离部件说明的模块可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为模块显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理模块，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络模块上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本申请实施例方案的目的。The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed to multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of the present application.
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能模块可以集成在一个处理模块中，也可以是各个模块单独物理存在，也可以是两个或两个以上模块集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically alone, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module. The above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software function modules.
该集成的模块如果以软件功能模块的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分，或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例中方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or contributes to the existing technology, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , including several instructions to cause a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods in various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code. .
本申请中术语“第一”“第二”等字样用于对作用和功能基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分，应理解，“第一”、“第二”、“第n”之间不具有逻辑或时序上的依赖关系，也不对数量和执行顺序进行限定。还应理解，尽管以下描述使用术语第一、第二等来描述各种元素，但这些元素不应受术语的限制。这些术语只是用于将一元素与另一元素区别分开。例如，在不脱离各种示例的范围的情况下，第一边缘网络设备可以被称为第二边缘网络设备，并且类似地，第二边缘网络设备可以被称为第一边缘网络设备。第一边缘网络和设备和第二边缘网络设备都可以是边缘网络设备，并且在某些情况下，可以是单独且不同的边缘网络设备。In this application, the terms "first", "second" and other words are used to distinguish the same or similar items with basically the same functions and functions. It should be understood that the terms "first", "second" and "nth" There is no logical or sequential dependency, and there is no limit on the number or execution order. It should also be understood that, although the following description uses the terms first, second, etc. to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by the terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of various examples, a first edge network device may be referred to as a second edge network device, and similarly, the second edge network device may be referred to as a first edge network device. Both the first edge network device and the second edge network device may be edge network devices, and, in some cases, may be separate and distinct edge network devices.
还应理解，在本申请的各个实施例中，各个过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。It should also be understood that in each embodiment of the present application, the size of the sequence number of each process does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not be determined by the execution order of the embodiments of the present application. The implementation process constitutes no limitation.
本申请中术语“至少一个”的含义是指一个或多个，本申请中术语“多个”的含义是指两个或两个以上，例如，多个第二报文是指两个或两个以上的第二报文。本文中术语“系统”和“网络”经常可互换使用。The term "at least one" in this application means one or more, and the term "multiple" in this application means two or more. For example, multiple second messages means two or more more than one second message. The terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably in this article.
应理解，在本文中对各种示例的描述中所使用的术语只是为了描述特定示例，而并非旨在进行限制。如在对各种示例的描述和所附权利要求书中所使用的那样，单数形式“一个(“a”，“an”)”和“该”旨在也包括复数形式，除非上下文另外明确地指示。It is to be understood that the terminology used in the description of various examples herein is for the purpose of describing particular examples only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in the description of various examples and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. instruct.
还应理解，术语“包括”(也称“includes”、“including”、“comprises”和/或“comprising”)当在本说明书中使用时指定存在所陈述的特征、整数、步骤、操作、元素、和/或部件，但是并不排除存在或添加一个或多个其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、元素、部件、和/或其分组。It will also be understood that the term "includes" (also "includes," "including," "comprises," and/or "comprising") when used in this specification specifies the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements , and/or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groupings thereof.
还应理解，术语“若”和“如果”可被解释为意指“当...时”(“when”或“upon”)或“响应于确定”或“响应于检测到”。类似地，根据上下文，短语“若确定...”或“若检测到[所陈述的条件或事件]”可被解释为意指“在确定...时”或“响应于确定...”或“在检测到[所陈述的条件或事件]时”或“响应于检测到[所陈述的条件或事件]”。It should also be understood that the terms "if" and "if" may be interpreted to mean "when" or "upon" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting." Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if it is determined..." or "if [stated condition or event] is detected" may be interpreted to mean "when it is determined..." or "in response to the determination... ” or “on detection of [stated condition or event]” or “in response to detection of [stated condition or event].”
应理解，根据A确定B并不意味着仅仅根据A确定B，还可以根据A和/或其它信息确定B。It should be understood that determining B based on A does not mean determining B only based on A, and B can also be determined based on A and/or other information.
还应理解，说明书通篇中提到的“一个实施例”、“一实施例”、“一种可能的实现方式”意味着与实施例或实现方式有关的特定特征、结构或特性包括在本申请的至少一个实施例中。因此，在整个说明书各处出现的“在一个实施例中”或“在一实施例中”、“一种可能的实现方式”未必一定指相同的实施例。此外，这些特定的特征、结构或特性可以任意适合的方式结合在一个或多个实施例中。It should also be understood that references throughout this specification to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and "a possible implementation" mean that specific features, structures, or characteristics related to the embodiment or implementation are included herein. In at least one embodiment of the application. Therefore, “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” or “a possible implementation” appearing in various places throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
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