在外科手术治疗时，常常需要对人体内的一些组织进行缝合或对组织开口进行闭合。例如，在进行外科手术时，首先将部分组织进行缝合，然后将这部分组织进行切除。又例如，在人体内可能会因各种原因形成一些瘘道，瘘道指的是因脓肿引起的连接于体外与有腔器官之间或两个有腔器官之间的病理性排脓管道。例如，肛门直肠瘘是肛肠领域常见的良性疾病，在需要进行手术治疗时，往往最后医生需要手工操作关闭瘘口。现有技术中出现了一些对组织进行缝合或组织开口进行处理的器械，然而，现有的器械的结构往往比较复杂。During surgical treatment, it is often necessary to suture some tissues in the human body or close tissue openings. For example, during a surgical operation, part of the tissue is first sutured and then removed. For another example, fistulas may form in the human body due to various reasons. Fistulas refer to pathological pus-draining ducts that are connected between the outside of the body and a cavity organ or between two cavity organs due to abscesses. For example, anorectal fistula is a common benign disease in the anorectal field. When surgical treatment is required, the doctor often needs to manually close the fistula. In the prior art, there are some instruments for suturing tissues or handling tissue openings. However, the structures of existing instruments are often more complicated.

发明内容Summary of the invention

针对现有技术中的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种外科吻合器，通过驱动组件驱动击发组件完成吻合器的闭合和击发，对组织进行吻合，实现组织缝合或组织开口关闭。In view of the problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a surgical stapler, which can complete the closing and firing of the stapler by driving a firing assembly through a driving assembly, anastomose tissues, and achieve tissue suturing or tissue opening closure.

本发明实施例提供一种外科吻合器，包括：An embodiment of the present invention provides a surgical stapler, comprising:

中空的壳体，所述壳体的侧壁开设有窗口；A hollow shell, wherein a window is provided on a side wall of the shell;

钉砧，固定于所述壳体的内部；An anvil, fixed inside the shell;

击发组件，位于所述钉砧的近端侧，所述击发组件的内部设置有吻合钉；A firing assembly is located at the proximal side of the anvil, and anastomotic staples are arranged inside the firing assembly;

驱动组件，所述吻合器击发时，所述驱动组件推动所述击发组件朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动，并将所述击发组件中的吻合钉朝向所述钉砧推出。The driving assembly pushes the firing assembly to move toward the distal end of the stapler and pushes the staples in the firing assembly toward the anvil when the stapler is fired.

在一些实施例中，初始状态下，所述击发组件位于所述窗口的近端侧，所述驱动组件推动所述击发组件朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动时，所述击发组件逐渐覆盖所述窗口并将所述击发组件中的吻合钉朝向所述钉砧推出。In some embodiments, in an initial state, the firing assembly is located on the proximal side of the window, and when the driving assembly pushes the firing assembly toward the distal side of the stapler, the firing assembly gradually covers the window and pushes the staples in the firing assembly toward the anvil.

在一些实施例中，所述击发组件包括钉仓和击发块，所述钉砧、所述钉仓和所述击发块依次沿所述吻合器的轴向方向从远端侧向近端侧排列。In some embodiments, the firing assembly includes a nail magazine and a firing block, and the anvil, the nail magazine and the firing block are arranged in sequence from the distal side to the proximal side along the axial direction of the stapler.

在一些实施例中，所述钉仓具有第一位置和第二位置，初始状态下，所述钉仓处于所述第一位置，所述吻合器击发时，所述驱动组件通过所述击发块推动所述钉仓向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动至所述第二位置；In some embodiments, the stapler has a first position and a second position. In an initial state, the stapler is in the first position. When the stapler is fired, the drive assembly pushes the stapler toward the distal end of the stapler to the second position through the firing block.

所述钉仓位于所述第二位置时，所述驱动组件继续推动所述击发块朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动，所述击发块将所述钉仓中的吻合钉朝向所述钉砧推出。When the staple cartridge is located at the second position, the drive assembly continues to push the firing block to move toward the distal end of the stapler, and the firing block pushes the staples in the staple cartridge toward the anvil.

在一些实施例中，所述击发组件还包括弹性件，所述弹性件的两端分别抵持所述钉仓和所述击发块。In some embodiments, the firing assembly further includes an elastic member, two ends of which respectively abut against the nail magazine and the firing block.

在一些实施例中，所述弹性件位于所述钉仓的内部，所述弹性件的远端侧抵持所述钉仓的远端侧面，所述弹性件的近端侧抵持所述击发块的远端侧面；In some embodiments, the elastic member is located inside the nail magazine, the distal side of the elastic member abuts against the distal side of the nail magazine, and the proximal side of the elastic member abuts against the distal side of the firing block;

所述钉仓位于所述第一位置时，所述击发块至少部分位于所述钉仓的内部，所述弹性件具有一初始压缩量，所述钉仓位于所述第二位置，且所述驱动组件推动所述击发块朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动时，所述击发块压缩所述弹性件以使得所述击发块继续进入所述钉仓的内部。When the nail magazine is located at the first position, the firing block is at least partially located inside the nail magazine, and the elastic member has an initial compression amount. When the nail magazine is located at the second position and the drive assembly pushes the firing block to move toward the distal side of the stapler, the firing block compresses the elastic member so that the firing block continues to enter the interior of the nail magazine.

在一些实施例中，所述击发块设置有沿所述吻合器的轴向方向延伸的行程槽，所述钉仓的近端侧设置有凸块，所述凸块位于所述行程槽中；In some embodiments, the firing block is provided with a travel groove extending along the axial direction of the stapler, and a proximal side of the staple cartridge is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion is located in the travel groove;

所述钉仓处于所述第一位置时，所述凸块位于所述行程槽的远端侧，所述钉仓运动至所述第二位置后，所述驱动组件继续向远端侧推动所述击发组件时，所述凸块相对于所述行程槽向所述吻合器的近端侧方向运动；When the staple cartridge is in the first position, the protrusion is located at the distal end side of the travel groove, and after the staple cartridge moves to the second position, when the driving assembly continues to push the firing assembly toward the distal end side, the protrusion moves toward the proximal end side of the stapler relative to the travel groove;

或，所述钉仓的侧面设置有沿所述吻合器的轴向方向延伸的行程槽，所述击发块的远端侧设置有凸块，所述凸块位于所述行程槽中；Or, a travel groove extending along the axial direction of the stapler is provided on the side of the stapler magazine, and a protrusion is provided on the distal end side of the firing block, and the protrusion is located in the travel groove;

所述钉仓处于所述第一位置时，所述凸块位于所述行程槽的近端侧，所述钉仓运动至所述第二位置后，所述驱动组件继续向远端侧推动所述击发组件时，所述凸块相对于所述行程槽向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动。When the nail magazine is in the first position, the protrusion is located on the proximal side of the travel groove. After the nail magazine moves to the second position, when the drive assembly continues to push the firing assembly toward the distal side, the protrusion moves toward the distal side of the stapler relative to the travel groove.

在一些实施例中，所述驱动组件包括驱动把手，所述驱动把手可旋转地连接至所述壳体，所述驱动把手沿第一方向运动时，所述驱动把手推动所述击发组件朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动。In some embodiments, the drive assembly includes a drive handle rotatably connected to the housing, and when the drive handle moves along a first direction, the drive handle pushes the firing assembly to move toward the distal side of the stapler.

在一些实施例中，所述驱动把手包括依次排列的击发配合部、枢转部和握持部，所述枢转部可旋转地连接至所述壳体，所述击发配合部与所述击发组件可旋转地连接。In some embodiments, the driving handle includes a firing engagement portion, a pivot portion, and a grip portion arranged in sequence, the pivot portion is rotatably connected to the housing, and the firing engagement portion is rotatably connected to the firing assembly.

在一些实施例中，还包括一传动件，所述传动件的两端分别可旋转地连接于所述击发组件的近端侧和所述驱动把手的击发配合部。In some embodiments, a transmission member is further included, and both ends of the transmission member are rotatably connected to the proximal side of the firing assembly and the firing matching portion of the driving handle.

在一些实施例中，所述钉砧和所述击发组件均贴近所述壳体的内侧壁设置，所述击发组件与所述枢转部位于所述壳体中心线的两侧。In some embodiments, the anvil and the firing assembly are both disposed close to the inner wall of the shell, and the firing assembly and the pivoting portion are located on both sides of the center line of the shell.

在一些实施例中，所述壳体的近端侧还设置有固定把手，所述固定把手中开设有安装槽，所述驱动把手的枢转部位于所述安装槽中，且所述枢转部可在所述安装槽中旋转。In some embodiments, a fixed handle is further provided on the proximal side of the shell, a mounting slot is provided in the fixed handle, a pivot portion of the driving handle is located in the mounting slot, and the pivot portion can rotate in the mounting slot.

在一些实施例中，还包括保险销，所述安装槽的一侧壁开设有通孔，所述保险销穿过所述通孔而至少部分进入所述安装槽中，且所述保险销可从所述通孔中拔出；In some embodiments, a safety pin is further included, a through hole is opened on one side wall of the installation slot, the safety pin passes through the through hole and at least partially enters the installation slot, and the safety pin can be pulled out from the through hole;

所述保险销至少部分位于所述安装槽中时，所述保险销位于所述驱动把手沿所述第一方向的旋转路径上。When the safety pin is at least partially located in the mounting groove, the safety pin is located on a rotation path of the driving handle along the first direction.

在一些实施例中，还包括沿所述吻合器的轴向方向延伸的导轨，所述钉砧、所述钉仓和所述击发块依次套设于所述导轨上。In some embodiments, it further includes a guide rail extending along the axial direction of the stapler, and the anvil, the staple magazine and the firing block are sequentially sleeved on the guide rail.

在一些实施例中，包括两个所述导轨，所述钉砧、所述钉仓和所述击发块的两侧分别沿从远段侧到近端侧方向套设于所述导轨。In some embodiments, two guide rails are included, and the anvil, the nail magazine and two sides of the firing block are respectively sleeved on the guide rails along the direction from the distal end side to the proximal end side.

在一些实施例中，所述导轨上设置有固定夹，所述壳体的侧壁开设有导轨定位孔，所述固定夹固定于所述导轨定位孔中。In some embodiments, a fixing clip is provided on the guide rail, a guide rail positioning hole is opened on the side wall of the shell, and the fixing clip is fixed in the guide rail positioning hole.

在一些实施例中，所述固定夹包括套设部和与所述套设部相连接的至少两个弹性臂，所述套设部套设于所述导轨的外部，所述弹性臂卡入所述导轨定位孔中。In some embodiments, the fixing clip includes a sleeve portion and at least two elastic arms connected to the sleeve portion, the sleeve portion is sleeved on the outside of the guide rail, and the elastic arms are inserted into the guide rail positioning holes.

在一些实施例中，所述壳体的近端侧开设有近端开口，所述击发组件从所述近端开口至少部分进入所述壳体的内部，所述驱动组件与所述击发组件的近端侧相连接。In some embodiments, a proximal opening is provided on the proximal side of the shell, the firing assembly at least partially enters the interior of the shell from the proximal opening, and the drive assembly is connected to the proximal side of the firing assembly.

在一些实施例中，所述壳体的远端侧表面为用于导向的弧形表面，所述弧形表面的远端侧表面开设有远端开口。In some embodiments, the distal side surface of the shell is an arcuate surface for guiding, and the distal side surface of the arcuate surface is provided with a distal opening.

在一些实施例中，还包括发光部件，所述发光部件位于所述壳体的内部。In some embodiments, a light emitting component is further included, and the light emitting component is located inside the shell.

本发明所提供的外科吻合器具有如下优点：The surgical stapler provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

本发明提供了一种对组织缝合或对组织开口进行关闭的器械，通过驱动组件驱动击发组件完成吻合器的击发，通过击发组件中的吻合钉在钉砧处成型而对组织进行吻合，实现了组织缝合或组织开口关闭，使用过程中将外科吻合器放置于病变位置，将需要吻合的组织拉入到钉砧和击发组件之间，操作驱动组件闭合和击发吻合器即可，操作简单，使用方便。The present invention provides an instrument for suturing tissue or closing tissue openings. The driving assembly drives the firing assembly to complete the firing of the stapler. The staplers in the firing assembly are formed at the staple anvil to anastomose the tissues, thereby achieving tissue suturing or closing of the tissue openings. During use, the surgical stapler is placed at the lesion position, the tissue to be anastomosed is pulled between the staple anvil and the firing assembly, and the driving assembly is operated to close and fire the stapler. The operation is simple and the use is convenient.

附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显。Other features, objectives and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from a reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following accompanying drawings.

图1是本发明一实施例的外科吻合器在初始状态下的主视图；FIG1 is a front view of a surgical stapler in an initial state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图2是本发明一实施例的外科吻合器在初始状态下的爆炸图；FIG2 is an exploded view of a surgical stapler in an initial state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图3是本发明一实施例的击发组件和钉砧在初始状态下的示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of a firing assembly and anvil in an initial state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图4是本发明一实施例的外科吻合器在击发状态下的主视图；FIG4 is a front view of a surgical stapler in a firing state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图5是本发明一实施例的外科吻合器在击发状态下的立体图；5 is a perspective view of a surgical stapler in a firing state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图6是本发明一实施例的外科吻合器在击发状态下的爆炸图；FIG6 is an exploded view of a surgical stapler in a fired state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图7是本发明一实施例的外科吻合器在击发状态下的立体图；7 is a perspective view of a surgical stapler in a firing state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图8是本发明一实施例的击发组件和钉砧在击发过程中的示意图；8 is a schematic diagram of a firing assembly and anvil during a firing process according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图9是本发明一实施例的击发组件和钉砧在击发完成时的示意图；9 is a schematic diagram of a firing assembly and anvil when firing is completed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图10是本发明一实施例的外科吻合器在击发状态下的爆炸图；FIG10 is an exploded view of a surgical stapler in a fired state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图11是本发明一实施例的击发组件和钉砧配合结构的爆炸图；11 is an exploded view of the firing assembly and the anvil matching structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图12是本发明一实施例的击发组件的爆炸图；FIG12 is an exploded view of a firing assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图13是本发明一实施例的击发组件在击发状态下的立体图；13 is a perspective view of a firing assembly in a firing state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图14是本发明一实施例的吻合钉的结构示意图；14 is a schematic structural diagram of an anastomotic staple according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图15是本发明一实施例的击发组件和钉砧配合结构的俯视图；15 is a top view of the firing assembly and the anvil matching structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图16是图15中A1-A1方向的剖视图；Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A1-A1 in Fig. 15;

图17是本发明一实施例的击发块的结构示意图；17 is a schematic structural diagram of a firing block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图18是本发明另一实施例的外科吻合器的壳体和驱动把手配合的示意图；18 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the housing and the driving handle of a surgical stapler according to another embodiment of the present invention;

图19是本发明另一实施例的外科吻合器的壳体的结构示意图；19 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing of a surgical stapler according to another embodiment of the present invention;

图20和图21是本发明再一实施例的外科吻合器的壳体和驱动把手配合的示意图；20 and 21 are schematic diagrams showing the cooperation between the housing and the driving handle of a surgical stapler according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;

图22是图21中的外科吻合器的保险销拔出时的示意图；FIG22 is a schematic diagram of the surgical stapler in FIG21 when the safety pin is pulled out;

图23和图24为本发明又一实施例的外科吻合器的结构示意图。23 and 24 are schematic structural diagrams of a surgical stapler according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.

附图标记：Reference numerals:

1 壳体 43 固定夹1 Housing 43 Retaining clip

11 壳体的远端侧 431 弹性臂11 Distal side of housing 431 Elastic arm

111 远端开口 432 套设部111 distal opening 432 sleeve portion

12 固定把手 5 击发块12 Fixed handle 5 Firing block

121 安装槽 51 击发片121 Mounting slot 51 Trigger

1211 第三通孔 52 击发引导部1211 third through hole 52 firing guide

122 第一通孔 53 行程槽122 First through hole 53 Travel groove

13 窗口 54 第一枢转轴13 Window 54 First pivot axis

14 导轨定位孔 55 让位槽14 Guide rail positioning hole 55 Clearance slot

15 近端开口 56 导槽15 Proximal opening 56 Guide groove

16 导块安装槽 57 止挡部16 Guide block mounting groove 57 Stopper

2 钉砧 6 传动件2 Anvil 6 Transmission parts

21 钉砧引导部 61 第一枢转孔21 anvil guide 61 first pivot hole

22 钉砧面 62 第二枢转孔22 anvil surface 62 second pivot hole

3 钉仓组件 63 挂钩部3 Nail magazine assembly 63 Hook part

31 钉仓 7 驱动组件31 Nail cartridge 7 Drive assembly

311 钉仓引导部 71 驱动把手311 Nail magazine guide 71 Driving handle

312 钉仓面 711 击发配合部312 Nail magazine surface 711 Firing matching part

3121 钉孔 7111 第二枢转轴3121 Nail hole 7111 Second pivot axis

313 凸块 712 枢转部313 projection 712 pivoting portion

32 弹性件 7121 第二通孔32 elastic member 7121 second through hole

33 吻合钉 713 握持部33 stapler 713 grip

331 固定端 72 连接销331 Fixed end 72 Connecting pin

332 尖刺端 74 保险销332 Spiked end 74 Safety pin

4 导轨 741 凸出部4 Rail 741 Protrusion

41 导轨的远端侧 742 阻挡部41 distal end of guide rail 742 blocking portion

42 导轨的近端侧 8 导块42 Near side of guide rail 8 Guide block

具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION

现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而，示例实施方式能够以多种形式实施，且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的实施方式；相反，提供这些实施方式使得本发明将全面和完整，并将示例实施方式的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。在图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的结构，因而将省略对它们的重复描述。Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention will be comprehensive and complete and fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their repeated description will be omitted.

本发明提供了一种外科吻合器，包括：中空的壳体，所述壳体的侧壁开设有窗口；钉砧，固定于所述壳体的内部；击发组件，位于所述钉砧的近端侧，所述击发组件的内部设置有吻合钉；以及驱动组件，所述吻合器击发时，所述驱动组件推动所述击发组件朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动，并将所述击发组件中的吻合钉朝向所述钉砧推出。The present invention provides a surgical stapler, comprising: a hollow shell, a side wall of which is provided with a window; an anvil fixed inside the shell; a firing assembly located on the proximal side of the anvil, wherein staples are arranged inside the firing assembly; and a driving assembly, wherein when the stapler is fired, the driving assembly pushes the firing assembly to move toward the distal side of the stapler and pushes the staples in the firing assembly toward the anvil.

该外科吻合器可以用于组织缝合或组织开口的关闭。在采用该吻合器对外科进行吻合时，首先将外科吻合器放置于病变位置，将需要吻合的组织通过所述侧壁的窗口拉入到所述壳体内部，使得所述组织位于所述钉砧和所述击发组件之间，然后通过驱动组件驱动击发组件朝向吻合器的远端侧运动而与钉砧夹紧组织，实现吻合器闭合，并通过击发组件中的吻合钉在钉砧处成型而对组织进行吻合，实现了组织缝合或组织开口关闭，操作简单，使用方便。此处，对于组织缝合来说，需要吻合的组织即为需要切除的部分组织，对于组织开口闭合来说，需要吻合的组织即为开口周围的组织。此外，本发明通过一套驱动组件既可以实现钉砧和击发组件之间的闭合以夹紧组织，又可以实现驱动吻合钉推出成型，即采用一套驱动组件即可以实现吻合器闭合和击发，结构更加精简。The surgical stapler can be used for tissue suturing or closing of tissue openings. When the stapler is used for surgical anastomosis, the surgical stapler is first placed at the lesion position, and the tissue to be anastomosed is pulled into the shell through the window of the side wall so that the tissue is located between the anvil and the firing assembly, and then the firing assembly is driven by the driving assembly to move toward the distal side of the stapler to clamp the tissue with the anvil, so as to achieve the closure of the stapler, and the staples in the firing assembly are formed at the anvil to anastomose the tissue, so as to achieve tissue suturing or tissue opening closure, which is simple to operate and convenient to use. Here, for tissue suturing, the tissue to be anastomosed is the part of the tissue to be removed, and for tissue opening closure, the tissue to be anastomosed is the tissue around the opening. In addition, the present invention can achieve the closure between the anvil and the firing assembly to clamp the tissue through a set of driving assemblies, and can also achieve the driving of the staples to push out and form, that is, the stapler can be closed and fired by using a set of driving assemblies, and the structure is more streamlined.

下面结合附图详细介绍本发明各个具体实施例的外科吻合器的结构，可以理解的是，各个具体实施例不作为本发明的保护范围的限制。The structures of surgical staplers of various specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the various specific embodiments are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

如图1～9所示，本发明一实施例提供了一种外科吻合器，包括：中空的壳体1，所述壳体1的侧壁开设有窗口13；钉砧2，固定于所述壳体1的内部，并且位于所述窗口13的远端侧；击发组件，位于所述钉砧2的近端侧，所述击发组件的内部设置有吻合钉；以及驱动组件7，所述吻合器击发时，所述驱动组件7推动所述击发组件朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动，并将所述击发组件中的吻合钉朝向所述钉砧2推出。As shown in FIGS. 1 to 9 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a surgical stapler, comprising: a hollow shell 1, a side wall of the shell 1 having a window 13; an anvil 2 fixed to the inside of the shell 1 and located at the distal side of the window 13; a firing assembly located at the proximal side of the anvil 2, wherein staples are arranged inside the firing assembly; and a driving assembly 7. When the stapler is fired, the driving assembly 7 pushes the firing assembly toward the distal side of the stapler and pushes the staples in the firing assembly toward the anvil 2.

在采用该吻合器对组织进行缝合或对组织开口进行吻合时，首先将外科吻合器放置于病变位置，以关闭瘘口为例，将外科吻合器经肛门放入到直肠内部，以对直肠中的组织进行缝合或组织开口进行关闭。在其他的实施方式中，外科吻合器也可以用于消化道其他位置的组织缝合或组织开口关闭，均属于本发明的保护范围之内。When the stapler is used to suture tissue or anastomose tissue openings, the surgical stapler is first placed at the lesion site. For example, to close a fistula, the surgical stapler is placed into the rectum through the anus to suture the tissue in the rectum or close the tissue opening. In other embodiments, the surgical stapler can also be used to suture tissue or close tissue openings at other locations in the digestive tract, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

在外科吻合器放置到位之后，可以使用手术钳等工具将需要吻合的组织通过侧壁所述窗口13拉入到所述壳体1内部，使得所述组织进入到所述钉砧2和所述击发组件之间，然后通过驱动组件7驱动击发组件朝向吻合器的远端侧运动而与钉砧2夹紧组织，即实现了吻合器的闭合，然后继续驱动组件7可以进一步驱动击发组件中的吻合钉在钉砧处成型而对组织进行吻合，实现了组织缝合或组织开口闭合。因此，本发明采用一套驱动组件即可以实现吻合器闭合和击发，结构更加精简。所述壳体1为管状或近似于管状的形状，所述窗口13设置于所述壳体1的侧壁，且在初始状态下，所述钉砧2和所述击发组件位于所述窗口13的两端，这样，在消化道组织的吻合过程中，吻合器贴合组织的自然生长形态，所述窗口13贴近待吻合的组织，更易于把待吻合的组织拉入位于所述壳体1侧壁的所述窗口13中，在吻合过后的组织更接近于人体组织的自然形态，不会造成术后的异物感等不适。After the surgical stapler is placed in place, surgical forceps and other tools can be used to pull the tissue to be anastomosed into the housing 1 through the window 13 on the side wall, so that the tissue enters between the anvil 2 and the firing assembly, and then the firing assembly is driven by the driving assembly 7 to move toward the distal end of the stapler to clamp the tissue with the anvil 2, thus achieving the closure of the stapler, and then the driving assembly 7 can further drive the staples in the firing assembly to form at the anvil to anastomose the tissue, thus achieving tissue suturing or tissue opening closure. Therefore, the present invention can achieve the closure and firing of the stapler by using a set of driving assemblies, and the structure is more streamlined. The shell 1 is tubular or quasi-tubular in shape, the window 13 is arranged on the side wall of the shell 1, and in the initial state, the anvil 2 and the firing assembly are located at both ends of the window 13, so that during the anastomosis of the digestive tract tissue, the stapler fits the natural growth form of the tissue, and the window 13 is close to the tissue to be anastomosed, which makes it easier to pull the tissue to be anastomosed into the window 13 located on the side wall of the shell 1. The tissue after anastomosis is closer to the natural form of human tissue, and will not cause discomfort such as foreign body sensation after surgery.

在该实施例中，初始状态下，所述击发组件位于所述窗口13的近端侧，所述驱动组件7推动所述击发组件朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动时，所述击发组件逐渐靠近所述钉砧2，并且逐渐覆盖所述窗口13并将所述击发组件中的吻合钉朝向所述钉砧2推出。In this embodiment, in the initial state, the firing assembly is located on the proximal side of the window 13. When the driving assembly 7 pushes the firing assembly toward the distal side of the stapler, the firing assembly gradually approaches the anvil 2, gradually covers the window 13, and pushes the staples in the firing assembly toward the anvil 2.

如图3所示，所述击发组件包括钉仓组件3和击发块5，所述钉仓组件包括用于承载吻合钉的钉仓31，从所述吻合器的远端侧方向到近端侧方向，所述钉砧2、所述钉仓31和所述击发块5依次沿所述吻合器的轴向方向排列，而且所述击发块5的远端设有与吻合钉对应的击发片，所述击发片至少部分位于所述钉仓31中，所述吻合钉位于所述击发片的远端侧。As shown in Figure 3, the firing assembly includes a nail magazine assembly 3 and a firing block 5. The nail magazine assembly includes a nail magazine 31 for carrying anastomotic staples. From the distal side direction to the proximal side direction of the stapler, the anvil 2, the nail magazine 31 and the firing block 5 are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the stapler, and the distal end of the firing block 5 is provided with a firing plate corresponding to the anastomotic staple, and the firing plate is at least partially located in the nail magazine 31, and the anastomotic staple is located on the distal side of the firing plate.

在本发明中，远端侧和近端侧是相对于操作者来说的，距离操作者较近的一端为近端侧，距离操作者较远的一端，即更靠近手术位置的一端为远端侧，沿所述吻合器的轴心的方向为轴向，即从吻合器的远端侧到近端侧的方向，或从吻合器的近端侧到远端侧的方向。在图1的视角中，壳体1的远端侧11即为壳体1的左端一侧，而壳体1的固定把手12位于壳体1的近端侧。图1中S1方向即为由近端侧至远端侧方向，S2方向即为由远端侧至近端侧方向。在本发明中，上下方向是以图1的视角中上下方向来定义的，即在图1中，D1方向为向上的方向。在图11的视角中，导轨4的远端侧41为其左端一侧，导轨4的近端侧42为其右端一侧。在本发明中，对于一个部件来说，内侧和外侧是相对于该部件的轴心来说的，靠近轴心的一侧为内侧，远离轴心的一侧为外侧。In the present invention, the distal side and the proximal side are relative to the operator, the end closer to the operator is the proximal side, the end farther from the operator, that is, the end closer to the surgical site is the distal side, and the direction along the axis of the stapler is the axial direction, that is, the direction from the distal side to the proximal side of the stapler, or from the proximal side to the distal side of the stapler. In the perspective of Figure 1, the distal side 11 of the shell 1 is the left side of the shell 1, and the fixed handle 12 of the shell 1 is located on the proximal side of the shell 1. The S1 direction in Figure 1 is the direction from the proximal side to the distal side, and the S2 direction is the direction from the distal side to the proximal side. In the present invention, the up and down directions are defined by the up and down directions in the perspective of Figure 1, that is, in Figure 1, the D1 direction is the upward direction. In the perspective of Figure 11, the distal side 41 of the guide rail 4 is its left side, and the proximal side 42 of the guide rail 4 is its right side. In the present invention, for a component, the inner side and the outer side are relative to the axis of the component, the side close to the axis is the inner side, and the side far from the axis is the outer side.

如图1和图2所示，在该实施例中，所述驱动组件7包括驱动把手71，所述驱动把手71可旋转地连接至所述壳体1，所述驱动把手71沿第一方向运动时，所述驱动把手71推动所述击发块5朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动。如图2所示，所述驱动把手71包括依次排列的击发配合部711、枢转部712和握持部713，所述枢转部712可旋转地连接至所述壳体1，所述击发配合部711与所述击发块5的近端侧可旋转地连接。如图2所示，在该实施例中，所述吻合器还包括一传动件6，所述传动件6的两端分别可旋转地连接于所述击发块5的近端侧和所述驱动把手71的击发配合部711。如图6和图7所示，所述钉砧2和所述击发组件均贴近所述壳体1的内侧壁设置，以增大所述壳体1内的视野和操作空间。所述击发组件与所述枢转部712位于所述壳体1中心线的两侧，以获得更高的击发力传递效率。在该实施例中，所述击发组件位于所述壳体1中心线的上侧，所述枢转部712位于所述壳体1中心线的下侧。在另一可替代的实施方式中，也可以，所述击发组件位于所述壳体1中心线的下侧，所述枢转部712位于所述壳体1中心线的上侧等，均属于本发明的保护范围之内。如图10和图12所示，所述传动件6的两端分别开设有第一枢转孔61和第二枢转孔62。击发块5的近端侧设置有第一枢转轴54，所述传动件6通过第一枢转孔61套设于第一枢转轴54上，且所述传动件6可绕所述第一枢转轴54旋转。击发配合部711设置有第二枢转轴7111，所述传动件6通过第二枢转孔62套设于所述第二枢转轴7111，且所述传动件6可绕所述第二枢转轴7111旋转。As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, in this embodiment, the driving assembly 7 includes a driving handle 71, which is rotatably connected to the housing 1. When the driving handle 71 moves in a first direction, the driving handle 71 pushes the firing block 5 to move toward the distal side of the stapler. As shown in Fig. 2, the driving handle 71 includes a firing matching portion 711, a pivoting portion 712 and a gripping portion 713 arranged in sequence, the pivoting portion 712 is rotatably connected to the housing 1, and the firing matching portion 711 is rotatably connected to the proximal side of the firing block 5. As shown in Fig. 2, in this embodiment, the stapler also includes a transmission member 6, and the two ends of the transmission member 6 are rotatably connected to the proximal side of the firing block 5 and the firing matching portion 711 of the driving handle 71, respectively. As shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the anvil 2 and the firing assembly are both arranged close to the inner side wall of the housing 1 to increase the field of view and operating space in the housing 1. The firing assembly and the pivot portion 712 are located on both sides of the center line of the shell 1 to obtain a higher firing force transmission efficiency. In this embodiment, the firing assembly is located on the upper side of the center line of the shell 1, and the pivot portion 712 is located on the lower side of the center line of the shell 1. In another alternative embodiment, it is also possible that the firing assembly is located on the lower side of the center line of the shell 1, and the pivot portion 712 is located on the upper side of the center line of the shell 1, etc., all of which belong to the protection scope of the present invention. As shown in Figures 10 and 12, a first pivot hole 61 and a second pivot hole 62 are respectively provided at both ends of the transmission member 6. A first pivot shaft 54 is provided on the proximal side of the firing block 5, and the transmission member 6 is sleeved on the first pivot shaft 54 through the first pivot hole 61, and the transmission member 6 can rotate around the first pivot shaft 54. The firing matching portion 711 is provided with a second pivot shaft 7111 , and the transmission member 6 is sleeved on the second pivot shaft 7111 through a second pivot hole 62 , and the transmission member 6 can rotate around the second pivot shaft 7111 .

如图7所示，所述壳体1的近端侧开设有近端开口15，所述击发组件从所述近端开口15进入所述壳体1的内部。操作者也可以通过近端开口15看到吻合器的内部，以及使用手术钳等外科工具，对待吻合的组织进行操作。在该实施例中，所述钉砧2和所述钉仓组件3均位于所述壳体1的内部的上方，所述窗口13开设于所述壳体1的上表面，且所述窗口13的位置与所述钉砧2的位置相对应，方便将所述需要吻合的组织通过所述窗口13拉入到所述钉砧2与所述钉仓组件3之间。在其他可替代的实施方式中，所述窗口13也可以设置于所述壳体1的侧壁的其他位置，而不限于图7中示出的位置。As shown in FIG7 , a proximal opening 15 is provided on the proximal side of the housing 1, and the firing assembly enters the interior of the housing 1 through the proximal opening 15. The operator can also see the interior of the stapler through the proximal opening 15, and use surgical tools such as surgical forceps to operate on the tissue to be anastomosed. In this embodiment, the anvil 2 and the staple cartridge assembly 3 are both located above the interior of the housing 1, and the window 13 is provided on the upper surface of the housing 1, and the position of the window 13 corresponds to the position of the anvil 2, so that the tissue to be anastomosed can be pulled between the anvil 2 and the staple cartridge assembly 3 through the window 13. In other alternative embodiments, the window 13 can also be provided at other positions of the side wall of the housing 1, and is not limited to the position shown in FIG7 .

如图2所示，在该实施例中，所述壳体1的远端侧表面开设有远端开口111，所述远端开口111避免在所述吻合器放置入组织时，吻合器的远端与组织腔体之间形成密闭的空间，避免消化道内部正常的分泌的气体液体及内容物造成的影响此外，由于所述钉砧2和所述钉仓组件3均靠近所述壳体1的内侧上表面设置，而且所述钉砧2和所述钉仓组件3均为占位很小的壁状结构更方便操作者观察壳体1的内部，以及提供了更大的操作空间。在该实施例中，所述远端开口111位于所述壳体1的远端侧表面的中部，即所述远端开口111与所述吻合器的轴心对齐，且为一个圆形的开口。在其他可替代的实施方式中，所述远端开口111也可以开设于其他位置，也可以为其他形状，例如所述远端开口111为设置在远端侧壁的至少两个贯通远端侧壁的圆形、或者椭圆形开口，均属于本发明的保护范围之内。As shown in FIG. 2 , in this embodiment, a distal opening 111 is provided on the distal side surface of the housing 1. The distal opening 111 prevents the formation of a closed space between the distal end of the stapler and the tissue cavity when the stapler is placed into the tissue, thereby avoiding the influence of the normal secretion of gas, liquid and contents in the digestive tract. In addition, since the anvil 2 and the stapler assembly 3 are both arranged close to the inner upper surface of the housing 1, and the anvil 2 and the stapler assembly 3 are both wall-like structures with a small footprint, it is more convenient for the operator to observe the interior of the housing 1, and a larger operating space is provided. In this embodiment, the distal opening 111 is located in the middle of the distal side surface of the housing 1, that is, the distal opening 111 is aligned with the axis of the stapler and is a circular opening. In other alternative embodiments, the distal opening 111 can also be opened at other positions or in other shapes, for example, the distal opening 111 is at least two circular or elliptical openings that penetrate the distal side wall and are arranged on the distal side wall, all of which are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

如图1和图2所示，所述壳体1的远端侧表面可以为用于导向的弧形表面，即所述壳体1的远端侧直径小于其主体部分的直径，而使得其远端侧形成一个近似圆锥形的导向部，可以更方便地引导壳体1穿过肛门插入到直肠的内部，或引导壳体1更容易地进入消化道的其他病变部位，同时保护粘膜层不受到损伤。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the distal side surface of the shell 1 can be an arcuate surface for guiding, that is, the distal side diameter of the shell 1 is smaller than the diameter of its main part, so that the distal side forms an approximately conical guiding portion, which can more conveniently guide the shell 1 through the anus to be inserted into the rectum, or guide the shell 1 to more easily enter other lesions in the digestive tract, while protecting the mucosal layer from damage.

进一步地，在该实施例中，为了便于操作者观察壳体1的内部，所述外科吻合器还包括发光部件，所述发光部件位于所述壳体1的内部。所述发光部件可以是夜光涂层，涂覆于所述壳体1的内侧表面，在黑暗的环境中会自然发光。在其他的实施方式中，所述发光部件也可以采用其他的结构，例如涂覆或者嵌置有夜光涂层的发光块等，均属于本发明的保护范围之内。Furthermore, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate the operator to observe the interior of the housing 1, the surgical stapler further includes a light-emitting component, which is located inside the housing 1. The light-emitting component may be a luminous coating, which is applied to the inner surface of the housing 1 and emits light naturally in a dark environment. In other embodiments, the light-emitting component may also adopt other structures, such as a light-emitting block coated or embedded with a luminous coating, etc., which are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

下面结合图1～9对外科吻合器的击发过程进行具体描述。如图1～3所示，为该实施例中外科吻合器在初始状态下(即未击发时)的结构示意图。如图4～9所示，为该实施例中外科吻合器在击发时的结构示意图。The firing process of the surgical stapler is described in detail below in conjunction with Figures 1 to 9. Figures 1 to 3 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the surgical stapler in the initial state (i.e., not fired) in this embodiment. Figures 4 to 9 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the surgical stapler in this embodiment when fired.

在该实施例中，在不同的状态下，所述钉仓31具有第一位置和第二位置，所述第二位置位于所述第一位置的远端侧。初始状态下，所述钉仓31位于所述第一位置，所述第一位置位于所述窗口13的近端侧。此时，所述钉仓31可以完全位于所述窗口13的近端侧即不与所述窗口13重合，或者，所述钉仓31部分位于所述窗口13的近端侧即部分与所述窗口13重合，但整体位于所述窗口13的相对近端侧，所述钉仓31从所述第一位置向所述第二位置运动时，所述钉仓31逐渐覆盖所述窗口13。所述击发块5具有第三位置、第四位置和第五位置，所述第四位置位于所述第三位置的远端侧，所述第五位置位于所述第四位置的远端侧。如图1～3所示，初始状态下，驱动把手71未被握持，所述钉仓31处于初始的第一位置，所述击发块5位于初始的第三位置。In this embodiment, in different states, the nail magazine 31 has a first position and a second position, and the second position is located at the distal side of the first position. In the initial state, the nail magazine 31 is located at the first position, and the first position is located at the proximal side of the window 13. At this time, the nail magazine 31 can be completely located at the proximal side of the window 13, that is, it does not overlap with the window 13, or the nail magazine 31 is partially located at the proximal side of the window 13, that is, it partially overlaps with the window 13, but the whole is located at the relatively proximal side of the window 13. When the nail magazine 31 moves from the first position to the second position, the nail magazine 31 gradually covers the window 13. The firing block 5 has a third position, a fourth position and a fifth position, and the fourth position is located at the distal side of the third position, and the fifth position is located at the distal side of the fourth position. As shown in Figures 1 to 3, in the initial state, the driving handle 71 is not held, the nail magazine 31 is in the initial first position, and the firing block 5 is in the initial third position.

如图4和图5所示，沿第一方向(即图4中的S3方向)握持驱动把手71时，驱动把手71沿第一方向旋转，击发配合部711向远端侧方向(即图4中S1方向)推动击发块5，使得击发块5从所述第三位置运动向远端侧方向至所述第四位置，即到达如图8所示的位置，在击发块5从第三位置运动到第四位置的过程中，击发块5和钉仓31是联动的，即击发块5和钉仓31之间没有相对运动，击发块5和钉仓31同步在击发块5的推动作用下向远端侧运动至第二位置，此处第二位置即为钉砧2和钉仓31夹紧组织的手术位置，即实现了吻合器的闭合。As shown in Figures 4 and 5, when the driving handle 71 is held along the first direction (i.e., the S3 direction in Figure 4), the driving handle 71 rotates along the first direction, and the firing matching portion 711 pushes the firing block 5 toward the distal side direction (i.e., the S1 direction in Figure 4), so that the firing block 5 moves from the third position to the distal side direction to the fourth position, that is, reaches the position shown in Figure 8. In the process of the firing block 5 moving from the third position to the fourth position, the firing block 5 and the nail magazine 31 are linked, that is, there is no relative movement between the firing block 5 and the nail magazine 31, and the firing block 5 and the nail magazine 31 synchronously move toward the distal side to the second position under the pushing action of the firing block 5. Here, the second position is the surgical position where the anvil 2 and the nail magazine 31 clamp the tissue, that is, the closure of the stapler is achieved.

击发块5在第四位置时，继续沿第一方向握持驱动把手71，驱动把手71驱动击发块5继续向远端侧方向运动至第五位置，即如图9所示的击发块5的位置。在所述击发块5从第四位置向第五位置运动的过程中，击发块5与钉仓31不再联动，钉仓31的位置保持在第二位置不变，击发块5继续向远端侧运动进入到钉仓31的内部，而使得击发块3的远端侧的击发片51可以将钉仓31内部的吻合钉朝向钉砧2方向推出，实现吻合器的击发。因此，本发明通过一个驱动把手71即可以实现吻合器的闭合和击发。When the firing block 5 is at the fourth position, the driving handle 71 is continued to be held in the first direction, and the driving handle 71 drives the firing block 5 to continue to move in the distal direction to the fifth position, that is, the position of the firing block 5 as shown in FIG. 9. During the movement of the firing block 5 from the fourth position to the fifth position, the firing block 5 and the stapler 31 are no longer linked, the position of the stapler 31 remains unchanged at the second position, and the firing block 5 continues to move in the distal direction into the interior of the stapler 31, so that the firing piece 51 at the distal side of the firing block 3 can push the staples in the stapler 31 toward the anvil 2, thereby achieving the firing of the stapler. Therefore, the present invention can achieve the closing and firing of the stapler through a driving handle 71.

图10中示出了该实施例中驱动把手71与壳体1配合的结构。如图10所示，所述壳体1的近端侧设置有固定把手12。所述固定把手12中开设有安装槽121，所述驱动把手71的枢转部712位于所述安装槽121中，且所述枢转部712可在所述安装槽121中旋转。具体地，所示安装槽121的侧壁开设有第一通孔122，所述驱动把手71的枢转部712开设有第二通孔7121，所述驱动组件7还包括连接销72，所述连接销72穿设于所述第一通孔122和所述枢转部712中，所述枢转部712可以绕所述连接销72旋转。在该实施例中，所述固定把手12与所述吻合器的轴向方向成一定角度，方便操作者握持，也不会对壳体1的近端开口15形成遮挡，操作者可以更方便地从近端开口15处观察壳体1的内部。在其他可替代的实施方式中，所述固定把手12也可以沿所述吻合器的轴向方向延伸设置，或采用其他的形状和/或其他的与壳体1的连接方式，均属于本发明的保护范围之内。在其他可替代的实施方式中，所述固定把手12也可以不设置所述安装槽，所述驱动把手71的外侧壁与所述固定把手12的外侧壁贴合设置，或者在所述驱动把手71中设置安装槽，所述固定把手12穿设于所述安装槽中，均属于本发明的保护范围之内。FIG10 shows the structure of the driving handle 71 and the housing 1 in this embodiment. As shown in FIG10 , a fixed handle 12 is provided on the proximal side of the housing 1. A mounting slot 121 is provided in the fixed handle 12, and the pivoting portion 712 of the driving handle 71 is located in the mounting slot 121, and the pivoting portion 712 can rotate in the mounting slot 121. Specifically, a first through hole 122 is provided on the side wall of the mounting slot 121, and a second through hole 7121 is provided on the pivoting portion 712 of the driving handle 71. The driving assembly 7 also includes a connecting pin 72, and the connecting pin 72 is inserted in the first through hole 122 and the pivoting portion 712, and the pivoting portion 712 can rotate around the connecting pin 72. In this embodiment, the fixed handle 12 is at a certain angle to the axial direction of the stapler, which is convenient for the operator to hold, and will not block the proximal opening 15 of the housing 1. The operator can more conveniently observe the interior of the housing 1 from the proximal opening 15. In other alternative embodiments, the fixed handle 12 may also be extended along the axial direction of the stapler, or adopt other shapes and/or other connection methods with the housing 1, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention. In other alternative embodiments, the fixed handle 12 may not be provided with the mounting groove, the outer side wall of the driving handle 71 is provided in close contact with the outer side wall of the fixed handle 12, or a mounting groove is provided in the driving handle 71, and the fixed handle 12 is inserted into the mounting groove, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

如图9～11所示，在该实施例中，所述外科吻合器还包括沿所述吻合器的轴向方向延伸的导轨4，所述钉砧2、所述钉仓组件3和所述击发块5从所述吻合器的远端侧到近端侧方向依次套设于所述导轨4上。所述导轨4可以对所述钉仓组件3和所述击发块5轴向方向运动进行引导和限定，保持所述钉仓组件3和所述钉砧2在轴向方向对齐，从而保证所述钉仓组件3中的吻合钉推出后能够在钉砧2的钉砧面22上的对应位置成型。所述导轨4的远端侧41可以固定于所述壳体1的内部，所述钉砧2的上部也可以固定于所述壳体1的内部，从而保持所述导轨4和所述钉砧2相对于壳体1的位置稳定性，但本发明不限于此。As shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 , in this embodiment, the surgical stapler further includes a guide rail 4 extending in the axial direction of the stapler, and the anvil 2, the staple cartridge assembly 3 and the firing block 5 are sequentially sleeved on the guide rail 4 from the distal end side to the proximal end side of the stapler. The guide rail 4 can guide and limit the axial movement of the staple cartridge assembly 3 and the firing block 5, and keep the staple cartridge assembly 3 and the anvil 2 aligned in the axial direction, thereby ensuring that the staples in the staple cartridge assembly 3 can be formed at the corresponding positions on the anvil surface 22 of the anvil 2 after being pushed out. The distal end 41 of the guide rail 4 can be fixed inside the housing 1, and the upper part of the anvil 2 can also be fixed inside the housing 1, thereby maintaining the position stability of the guide rail 4 and the anvil 2 relative to the housing 1, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

如图11所示，在该实施例中，所述外科吻合器包括两个所述导轨4，所述钉砧2、所述钉仓31和所述击发块5的两侧沿吻合器轴向方向依次分别套设于所述导轨4。在其他可替代的实施方式中，所述导轨4也不限于设置两个，也可以设置为一个或多个，均属于本发明的保护范围之内。所述钉砧2的两侧分别具有一个钉砧引导部21，套设于两个导轨4上，两个钉砧引导部21之间为钉砧面22。如图11和图13所示，所述钉仓31包括两个钉仓引导部311，分别套设于两个导轨4上，两个钉仓引导部311之间为钉仓面312，钉仓面312中设置有多个钉孔3121，所述钉孔3121可以排成一排或排成多排，当所述钉孔3121为至少两排时，可以彼此交错设置，即在内圈的所述钉孔3121与在外圈的所述钉孔3121沿直径方向的投影有重合。如图14所示的吻合钉33设置于所述钉仓31的钉孔3121的内侧。在所述吻合器击发时，所述击发块5推动所述吻合钉33从所述钉仓31的钉孔3121中推出。如图11所示，所述击发块5的远端侧设置有击发片51，用于在吻合器击发时将所述吻合钉33从所述钉仓31中推出，所述击发块5的两侧分别设置有击发引导部52。如图14所示，所述吻合钉33包括固定端331和尖刺端332，所述吻合钉33的固定端331固定于所述钉仓31的内侧。所述吻合器击发时，所述击发块5的击发片51推动所述吻合钉33的尖刺端332穿过钉孔3121，刺破组织后到达钉砧2，在钉砧2的钉砧面22成型，且所述固定端311从所述钉仓31脱离而固定在组织上，实现对组织的吻合。图14中的吻合钉的形状和结构仅为示例，在其他可替代的实施方式中，所述吻合钉可以采用其他的形状和结构，均属于本发明的保护范围之内。例如，在另一可替代的实施方式中，所述吻合钉为“B”字形钉，所述吻合钉包括两侧的两个可刺破组织的钉脚，吻合钉在钉砧上成型时，吻合钉的两个钉腿抵压在钉砧的钉槽上弯曲变形使吻合钉成类“B”字形状。As shown in FIG. 11 , in this embodiment, the surgical stapler includes two guide rails 4, and the two sides of the anvil 2, the stapler magazine 31 and the firing block 5 are respectively sleeved on the guide rails 4 in sequence along the axial direction of the stapler. In other alternative embodiments, the guide rails 4 are not limited to being set at two, and can also be set at one or more, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The two sides of the anvil 2 are respectively provided with an anvil guide 21, which is sleeved on the two guide rails 4, and the anvil surface 22 is between the two anvil guides 21. As shown in Fig. 11 and Fig. 13, the stapler 31 comprises two stapler guides 311, which are respectively sleeved on two guide rails 4. A stapler surface 312 is provided between the two stapler guides 311. A plurality of staple holes 3121 are provided in the stapler surface 312. The staple holes 3121 can be arranged in one row or in multiple rows. When the staple holes 3121 are arranged in at least two rows, they can be arranged alternately with each other, that is, the projections of the staple holes 3121 in the inner circle and the staple holes 3121 in the outer circle along the diameter direction overlap. The staplers 33 shown in Fig. 14 are provided on the inner side of the staple holes 3121 of the stapler 31. When the stapler is fired, the firing block 5 pushes the staplers 33 out of the staple holes 3121 of the stapler 31. As shown in FIG11 , a firing piece 51 is provided at the distal end of the firing block 5 for pushing the stapler 33 out of the stapler magazine 31 when the stapler is fired, and firing guides 52 are provided on both sides of the firing block 5. As shown in FIG14 , the stapler 33 includes a fixed end 331 and a spike end 332, and the fixed end 331 of the stapler 33 is fixed to the inner side of the stapler magazine 31. When the stapler is fired, the firing piece 51 of the firing block 5 pushes the spike end 332 of the stapler 33 through the staple hole 3121, pierces the tissue and reaches the staple anvil 2, and is formed on the staple anvil surface 22 of the staple anvil 2, and the fixed end 311 is separated from the stapler magazine 31 and fixed on the tissue to achieve tissue anastomosis. The shape and structure of the stapler in FIG14 are only examples. In other alternative embodiments, the stapler can adopt other shapes and structures, which are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. For example, in another alternative embodiment, the staple is a "B"-shaped staple, which includes two staple legs on both sides that can pierce tissue. When the staple is formed on the anvil, the two staple legs of the staple are pressed against the staple groove of the anvil and bent and deformed to make the staple into a "B"-shaped shape.

如图10和图11所示，为了进一步对导轨4的位置进行限定，避免在吻合器使用过程中导轨4发生不希望的位移，所述导轨4上设置有固定夹43，所述壳体1的侧壁开设有导轨定位孔14，所述固定夹43固定于所述导轨定位孔14中。As shown in Figures 10 and 11, in order to further limit the position of the guide rail 4 and avoid undesired displacement of the guide rail 4 during the use of the anastomosis device, a fixing clip 43 is provided on the guide rail 4, and a guide rail positioning hole 14 is opened on the side wall of the shell 1, and the fixing clip 43 is fixed in the guide rail positioning hole 14.

进一步地，所述固定夹43可以是可拆卸地固定于所述导轨定位孔14中。如图11所示，所述固定夹43包括套设部432和与所述套设部432相连接的至少两个弹性臂431，所述套设部432套设于所述导轨4的外部，所述弹性臂431卡入所述导轨定位孔14中。施加外力使得所述弹性臂431向内侧弯折时，所述弹性臂431的整体宽度变小，可以进入到所述导轨定位孔14中，释放外力，所述弹性臂431在其本身弹性力作用下向外侧扩张，与所述导轨定位孔14形成相对稳定的配合。所述固定件43可以采用金属固定件43或塑料固定件43，但本发明不限于此，采用其他材质也是可以的。Furthermore, the fixing clip 43 can be detachably fixed in the guide rail positioning hole 14. As shown in FIG11 , the fixing clip 43 includes a sleeve portion 432 and at least two elastic arms 431 connected to the sleeve portion 432, the sleeve portion 432 is sleeved on the outside of the guide rail 4, and the elastic arm 431 is inserted into the guide rail positioning hole 14. When an external force is applied to bend the elastic arm 431 inward, the overall width of the elastic arm 431 becomes smaller, and the elastic arm 431 can enter the guide rail positioning hole 14. When the external force is released, the elastic arm 431 expands outward under the action of its own elastic force, and forms a relatively stable fit with the guide rail positioning hole 14. The fixing member 43 can be a metal fixing member 43 or a plastic fixing member 43, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and other materials can also be used.

如图9～11所示，所述击发块5的两侧与所述导轨4的固定夹43相对应的位置分别设置有让位槽55，该让位槽55沿吻合器的轴向方向延伸。具体地，由于固定夹43是相对于壳体1不动的，而击发块5在吻合器击发时会沿吻合器轴向方向运动，因此，该让位槽沿吻合器轴向方向的长度大于等于所述让位槽55从所述第三位置(即图2中示出的位置)运动到所述第五位置(即图9中示出的位置)的运动距离，从而可以保证所述击发块5在被驱动向吻合器的远端侧方向运动的过程中，不会被固定夹43阻碍。此外，固定夹43和让位槽55的配合结构也可以对击发块5的位置进行限定，例如，所述固定夹43设置于所述让位槽55的最远端，固定夹43的远端面抵持于所述让位槽55的远端面，限定击发块5在初始的第三位置时不会向吻合器的近端侧运动，同时，限定击发块5到达第五位置后不会继续向吻合器的远端侧运动，即到达第五位置后，所述击发块5的近端面抵持于所述让位槽55的近端面，从而保证了击发块5的位置稳定性。在所述固定夹43为可拆卸地与所述壳体1连接的情况下，将所述固定夹43移除后，所述击发块5沿吻合器轴向方向的运动不会再受到固定夹43的限制。As shown in Figs. 9 to 11, the positions corresponding to the fixing clips 43 of the guide rail 4 on both sides of the firing block 5 are respectively provided with clearance grooves 55, and the clearance grooves 55 extend along the axial direction of the stapler. Specifically, since the fixing clips 43 are stationary relative to the housing 1, and the firing block 5 moves along the axial direction of the stapler when the stapler is fired, the length of the clearance groove along the axial direction of the stapler is greater than or equal to the movement distance of the clearance groove 55 from the third position (i.e., the position shown in Fig. 2) to the fifth position (i.e., the position shown in Fig. 9), thereby ensuring that the firing block 5 will not be hindered by the fixing clips 43 when being driven to move toward the distal side of the stapler. In addition, the matching structure of the fixing clip 43 and the clearance groove 55 can also limit the position of the firing block 5. For example, the fixing clip 43 is arranged at the farthest end of the clearance groove 55, and the distal end surface of the fixing clip 43 abuts against the distal end surface of the clearance groove 55, which limits the firing block 5 from moving toward the proximal end side of the stapler at the initial third position. At the same time, it limits the firing block 5 from continuing to move toward the distal end side of the stapler after reaching the fifth position, that is, after reaching the fifth position, the proximal end surface of the firing block 5 abuts against the proximal end surface of the clearance groove 55, thereby ensuring the position stability of the firing block 5. In the case where the fixing clip 43 is detachably connected to the housing 1, after the fixing clip 43 is removed, the movement of the firing block 5 along the axial direction of the stapler will no longer be restricted by the fixing clip 43.

如图12～16所示，在该实施例中，所述击发组件还包括弹性件32，所述弹性件32的两端分别抵持所述钉仓31和所述击发块5。所述弹性件32位于所述钉仓31的内部，所述弹性件32的远端侧抵持所述钉仓31的远端侧面，所述弹性件32的近端侧抵持所述击发块5的远端侧面。As shown in FIGS. 12 to 16 , in this embodiment, the firing assembly further comprises an elastic member 32, and the two ends of the elastic member 32 respectively abut against the nail magazine 31 and the firing block 5. The elastic member 32 is located inside the nail magazine 31, the distal end of the elastic member 32 abuts against the distal side surface of the nail magazine 31, and the proximal end of the elastic member 32 abuts against the distal side surface of the firing block 5.

如图12～16所示，在该实施例中，所述弹性件32包括两个压簧，所述两个压簧分别设置于所述钉仓31的两个钉仓引导部311中，并且分别套设在两个所述导轨4上。如图16和图17所示，所述击发块5的远端侧设置有用于击发吻合钉33的击发片51，击发片51的两侧为击发引导部52的远端侧面，所述击发引导部52的远端侧面和所述钉仓31的远端侧面之间设置有所述弹性件32。As shown in FIGS. 12 to 16 , in this embodiment, the elastic member 32 includes two compression springs, which are respectively arranged in the two staple cartridge guides 311 of the staple cartridge 31 and respectively sleeved on the two guide rails 4. As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 , a firing piece 51 for firing the staples 33 is arranged at the distal end of the firing block 5, and both sides of the firing piece 51 are the distal side surfaces of the firing guide 52, and the elastic member 32 is arranged between the distal side surface of the firing guide 52 and the distal side surface of the staple cartridge 31.

初始状态下(即图3的状态)，所述钉仓31处于所述第一位置，所述击发块5处于所述第三位置，此时，所述弹性件32可以处于未被压缩的状态，也可以处于具有一定初始压缩量的状态，此时握持所述驱动把手71，所述驱动把手71给所述击发块5的推力不足以克服所述弹性件32抵抗变形的力，因此所述钉仓31与所述击发块5通过所述弹性件32实现联动，所述击发块5推动所述钉仓31同步向钉砧2侧运动，所述击发块5运动至第四位置，所述钉仓31运动至第二位置(即图8的状态)。此时，由于所述钉仓31和所述钉砧2一起夹紧组织，继续握持驱动把手71时，会受到组织对钉仓31继续向远端侧方向运动的阻力，因此，需要增大驱动把手71的握持力，驱动把手71给击发块5的推力变大而克服所述弹性件32抵抗变形的力，压缩所述弹性件32变形，此时所述钉仓31不再向远端侧方向运动，而所述击发块5继续向远端侧运动至第五位置(即图9的状态)。所述击发块5的击发片51突出于所述击发引导部52的远端侧面，因此，所述击发片51与所述钉仓31中的吻合钉接触并将所述吻合钉朝向钉砧2推出，实现吻合器的击发。In the initial state (i.e., the state of Figure 3), the nail magazine 31 is in the first position, and the firing block 5 is in the third position. At this time, the elastic member 32 can be in an uncompressed state or in a state with a certain initial compression amount. At this time, the driving handle 71 is held, and the thrust of the driving handle 71 to the firing block 5 is not enough to overcome the force of the elastic member 32 resisting deformation. Therefore, the nail magazine 31 and the firing block 5 are linked through the elastic member 32, and the firing block 5 pushes the nail magazine 31 to move synchronously toward the anvil 2 side, the firing block 5 moves to the fourth position, and the nail magazine 31 moves to the second position (i.e., the state of Figure 8). At this time, since the staple cartridge 31 and the nail anvil 2 clamp the tissue together, when the driving handle 71 is continued to be held, the tissue will resist the staple cartridge 31 from continuing to move toward the distal side. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the holding force of the driving handle 71, and the driving handle 71 pushes the firing block 5 with a larger thrust to overcome the force of the elastic member 32 resisting deformation, compressing the elastic member 32 to deform. At this time, the staple cartridge 31 no longer moves toward the distal side, and the firing block 5 continues to move toward the distal side to the fifth position (i.e., the state of FIG. 9). The firing piece 51 of the firing block 5 protrudes from the distal side of the firing guide 52, so the firing piece 51 contacts the staples in the staple cartridge 31 and pushes the staples toward the nail anvil 2 to achieve the firing of the stapler.

优选地，在初始状态下，所述弹性件32处于具有一定初始压缩量的状态，可以更好地限定所述击发块5和所述钉仓31的初始位置，并且在所述钉仓31从所述第一位置向第二位置运动时，所述击发块5和所述钉仓31稳定地配合。如图15和图16所示，在初始状态下，所述钉仓31位于所述第一位置时，所述击发块5至少部分位于所述钉仓31的内部，所述弹性件32具有一初始压缩量。结合图8和图9可以看出，至所述钉仓31运动至所述第二位置，且所述驱动把手71继续推动所述击发块5朝向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动时，所述击发块5可以压缩所述弹性件32以使得所述击发块5继续进入所述钉仓31的内部。Preferably, in the initial state, the elastic member 32 is in a state with a certain initial compression amount, which can better define the initial position of the firing block 5 and the nail magazine 31, and when the nail magazine 31 moves from the first position to the second position, the firing block 5 and the nail magazine 31 are stably matched. As shown in Figures 15 and 16, in the initial state, when the nail magazine 31 is located in the first position, the firing block 5 is at least partially located inside the nail magazine 31, and the elastic member 32 has an initial compression amount. In combination with Figures 8 and 9, it can be seen that when the nail magazine 31 moves to the second position and the driving handle 71 continues to push the firing block 5 toward the distal side of the stapler, the firing block 5 can compress the elastic member 32 so that the firing block 5 continues to enter the interior of the nail magazine 31.

如图12所示，为了更好地对所述钉仓31和所述击发块5的初始配合关系进行限定。所述击发块5的上侧面设置有沿所述吻合器的轴向方向延伸的行程槽53，所述钉仓31的近端侧的上表面内侧设置有凸块313，所述凸块313位于所述行程槽53中。为了不对所述击发块5沿吻合器轴向方向的运动形成阻碍，所述行程槽53沿吻合器轴向方向的长度大于或等于所述击发块5从所述第四位置运动至第五位置的运动距离。初始状态下，所述钉仓处于所述第一位置时，所述凸块313位于所述行程槽53的远端侧(即如图3所示的状态)，所述钉仓31运动至所述第二位置后，所述驱动把手71继续向远端侧方向推动所述击发块5时，所述行程槽53继续向远端侧方向运动，而所述凸块313位置是不动的，也即所述凸块313相对于所述行程槽53向所述吻合器的近端侧方向运动(即运动至图9所示的状态)。在另一可替代的实施方式中，也可以在所述钉仓31的侧面设置有沿所述吻合器的轴向方向延伸的行程槽，所述击发块5的远端侧设置有凸块，所述凸块位于所述行程槽中。初始状态下，所述钉仓处于所述第一位置时，所述凸块位于所述行程槽的近端侧，所述钉仓31运动至所述第二位置后，所述驱动把手71继续向远端侧推动所述击发组件时，所述凸块相对于所述行程槽向所述吻合器的远端侧方向运动。As shown in FIG12 , in order to better define the initial matching relationship between the stapler magazine 31 and the firing block 5, the upper side of the firing block 5 is provided with a travel groove 53 extending along the axial direction of the stapler, and the inner side of the upper surface of the proximal side of the stapler magazine 31 is provided with a protrusion 313, and the protrusion 313 is located in the travel groove 53. In order not to hinder the movement of the firing block 5 along the axial direction of the stapler, the length of the travel groove 53 along the axial direction of the stapler is greater than or equal to the movement distance of the firing block 5 from the fourth position to the fifth position. In the initial state, when the staple cartridge is in the first position, the protrusion 313 is located at the distal side of the travel groove 53 (i.e., the state shown in FIG. 3 ). After the staple cartridge 31 moves to the second position, when the driving handle 71 continues to push the firing block 5 in the distal direction, the travel groove 53 continues to move in the distal direction, and the position of the protrusion 313 is stationary, that is, the protrusion 313 moves relative to the travel groove 53 toward the proximal side of the stapler (i.e., moves to the state shown in FIG. 9 ). In another alternative embodiment, a travel groove extending in the axial direction of the stapler may also be provided on the side of the staple cartridge 31, and a protrusion is provided on the distal side of the firing block 5, and the protrusion is located in the travel groove. In the initial state, when the nail magazine is in the first position, the protrusion is located on the proximal side of the travel groove, and after the nail magazine 31 moves to the second position, when the driving handle 71 continues to push the firing assembly toward the distal side, the protrusion moves toward the distal side of the stapler relative to the travel groove.

为了保持初始状态下所述凸块313在所述行程槽53内部的稳定性，保证初始状态下所述凸块313不会从所述行程槽53的远端侧脱出，所述凸块313的远端侧面为垂直面，且所述行程槽53的远端侧面为垂直面。所述凸块313的远端侧面与所述行程槽53的远端侧面形成止挡结构。进一步地，为了提高所述凸块313在所述行程槽53中运动的顺畅性，所述凸块313的近端侧面为从上方到下方朝向远端侧方向倾斜的引导面。进一步地，所述行程槽53的近端侧面也可以形成为从上方到下方朝向远端侧方向倾斜的引导面。In order to maintain the stability of the protrusion 313 inside the travel groove 53 in the initial state and ensure that the protrusion 313 will not fall out from the distal side of the travel groove 53 in the initial state, the distal side surface of the protrusion 313 is a vertical surface, and the distal side surface of the travel groove 53 is a vertical surface. The distal side surface of the protrusion 313 and the distal side surface of the travel groove 53 form a stop structure. Further, in order to improve the smoothness of the movement of the protrusion 313 in the travel groove 53, the proximal side surface of the protrusion 313 is a guide surface inclined from top to bottom toward the distal side. Further, the proximal side surface of the travel groove 53 can also be formed as a guide surface inclined from top to bottom toward the distal side.

在不同的实施方式中，所述弹性件32可以是弹簧、金属弹片等结构，也可以是受到外力后可以压缩的柔性材料块，例如橡胶块、硅胶块等，均属于本发明的保护范围之内。In different embodiments, the elastic member 32 may be a spring, a metal spring, or other structures, or may be a flexible material block that can be compressed when subjected to external force, such as a rubber block, a silicone block, etc., all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

在另一可替代的实施方式中，也可以不设置该弹性件32，而是在击发块5的远端侧外壁和所述钉仓31的近端侧内壁之间设置摩擦阻尼机构(例如在钉仓31的近端侧内壁或所述击发块5的远端侧外壁设置有橡胶颗粒的摩擦阻尼层)，在初始状态下，握持所述驱动把手71，所述驱动把手71给所述击发块5的推力不足以克服所述摩擦阻尼机构的摩擦力，因此所述钉仓31与所述击发块5通过所述摩擦阻尼机构实现联动，所述击发块5推动所述钉仓31同步向钉砧2侧运动，所述击发块5运动至第四位置，所述钉仓31运动至第二位置(即图8的状态)。此时，由于所述钉仓31和所述钉砧2一起夹紧组织，继续握持驱动把手71时，会受到组织对钉仓31继续向远端侧方向运动的阻力，因此，需要增大驱动把手71的握持力，驱动把手71给击发块5的推力变大而克服所述摩擦阻尼机构的摩擦力，此时所述钉仓31在组织的反作用力下不再向远端侧方向运动，而所述击发块5继续向远端侧运动至第五位置(即图9的状态)。所述击发块5的击发片51突出于所述击发引导部52的远端侧面，因此，所述击发片51与所述钉仓31中的吻合钉接触并将所述吻合钉朝向钉砧2推出，实现吻合器的击发。In another alternative embodiment, the elastic member 32 may not be provided, and instead a friction damping mechanism may be provided between the distal side outer wall of the firing block 5 and the proximal side inner wall of the nail magazine 31 (for example, a friction damping layer of rubber particles is provided on the proximal side inner wall of the nail magazine 31 or the distal side outer wall of the firing block 5). In the initial state, the driving handle 71 is held, and the thrust of the driving handle 71 to the firing block 5 is insufficient to overcome the friction force of the friction damping mechanism. Therefore, the nail magazine 31 and the firing block 5 are linked via the friction damping mechanism, and the firing block 5 pushes the nail magazine 31 to move synchronously toward the anvil 2 side, the firing block 5 moves to the fourth position, and the nail magazine 31 moves to the second position (i.e., the state of FIG. 8 ). At this time, since the staple cartridge 31 and the nail anvil 2 clamp the tissue together, when the driving handle 71 is continued to be held, the tissue will resist the staple cartridge 31 from continuing to move toward the distal side. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the holding force of the driving handle 71, and the driving handle 71 will increase the thrust of the firing block 5 to overcome the friction of the friction damping mechanism. At this time, the staple cartridge 31 no longer moves toward the distal side under the reaction force of the tissue, and the firing block 5 continues to move toward the distal side to the fifth position (i.e., the state of FIG. 9). The firing piece 51 of the firing block 5 protrudes from the distal side of the firing guide 52, so the firing piece 51 contacts the staples in the staple cartridge 31 and pushes the staples toward the nail anvil 2 to achieve the firing of the stapler.

在以上所示的实施例中在击发完成后，松开所述驱动把手71，所述弹性件32不再受到外力作用，在自身弹性恢复力下，使得所述击发片51回退到初始状态的所述钉仓31内部位置。In the embodiment shown above, after the firing is completed, the driving handle 71 is released, and the elastic member 32 is no longer subjected to external force. Under its own elastic restoring force, the firing plate 51 returns to the internal position of the nail magazine 31 in the initial state.

如图18和图19所示，为本发明另一实施例的外科吻合器的壳体和驱动机构配合的结构示意图。该实施例与图1～17所示的实施例相比，区别在于，图1～17所示的实施例中，壳体1的上表面为平面。图18和图19所示的实施例中，壳体1的上表面为与壳体1的其他部位为一体的弧面。该实施例与图1～17所示的实施例相比，操作者可以有更好的操作视野，更方便从近端开口15处观察壳体1的内部操作。As shown in Figures 18 and 19, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shell and the driving mechanism of another embodiment of the surgical stapler of the present invention. Compared with the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 17, the difference between this embodiment and the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 17 is that, in the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 17, the upper surface of the shell 1 is a plane. In the embodiment shown in Figures 18 and 19, the upper surface of the shell 1 is an arc surface that is integrated with other parts of the shell 1. Compared with the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 17, this embodiment allows the operator to have a better operating field of view and is more convenient to observe the internal operation of the shell 1 from the proximal opening 15.

如图20～22所示，为本发明再一实施例的外科吻合器的结构示意图。在该实施例中，与图1～17所示的实施例相比，所述驱动组件7还包括保险销74，用于在外科吻合器未到达手术位置时，限定初始位置时驱动把手71的位置，防止出现误击发。As shown in Figures 20 to 22, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of a surgical stapler according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, compared with the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 17, the drive assembly 7 further includes a safety pin 74, which is used to limit the position of the drive handle 71 at the initial position when the surgical stapler has not reached the surgical position, so as to prevent misfiring.

如图20～22所示，所述安装槽121的一侧壁开设有第三通孔1211，所述保险销74穿过所述第三通孔1211而至少部分进入所述安装槽121中，且所述保险销74可从所述第三通孔1211中拔出。在该实施例中，所述保险销74包括凸出部741和阻挡部742，在初始状态下，所述阻挡部742穿过所述第三通孔1211而至少部分进入所述安装槽121中，所述凸出部741位于所述安装槽121的侧壁的外侧，且所述凸出部741的外径大于所述第三通孔1211的内径。所述阻挡部742的外径略小于所述第三通孔1211的内径，从而使得需要击发吻合器时，所述阻挡部742可以从所述第三通孔1211中拔出。As shown in FIGS. 20 to 22 , a third through hole 1211 is formed on one side wall of the mounting groove 121. The safety pin 74 passes through the third through hole 1211 and at least partially enters the mounting groove 121, and the safety pin 74 can be pulled out from the third through hole 1211. In this embodiment, the safety pin 74 includes a protruding portion 741 and a blocking portion 742. In the initial state, the blocking portion 742 passes through the third through hole 1211 and at least partially enters the mounting groove 121. The protruding portion 741 is located outside the side wall of the mounting groove 121, and the outer diameter of the protruding portion 741 is larger than the inner diameter of the third through hole 1211. The outer diameter of the blocking portion 742 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the third through hole 1211, so that when the stapler needs to be fired, the blocking portion 742 can be pulled out from the third through hole 1211.

如图21所示，在初始状态下，所述外科吻合器未到达手术位置时，所述保险销74穿过所述第三通孔1211而至少部分进入所述安装槽121中，所述保险销74位于所述驱动把手71沿所述第一方向的旋转路径上。此时如果握持所述驱动把手71，则所述驱动把手71沿第一方向的旋转运动会被所述保险销74所阻挡，也就不会驱动所述击发组件，不会实现吻合器的误击发。如图22所示，在所述外科吻合器到达手术位置，需要击发吻合器时，可以将所述保险销74从所述安装槽121的第三通孔1211中拔出，此时所述保险销74不会再阻挡所述驱动把手71沿第一方向的旋转运动，握持所述驱动把手71，可以实现吻合器的击发。As shown in FIG. 21 , in the initial state, when the surgical stapler has not reached the surgical position, the safety pin 74 passes through the third through hole 1211 and at least partially enters the mounting groove 121, and the safety pin 74 is located on the rotation path of the driving handle 71 along the first direction. At this time, if the driving handle 71 is held, the rotational movement of the driving handle 71 along the first direction will be blocked by the safety pin 74, and the firing assembly will not be driven, and the stapler will not be fired accidentally. As shown in FIG. 22 , when the surgical stapler reaches the surgical position and needs to be fired, the safety pin 74 can be pulled out of the third through hole 1211 of the mounting groove 121, and the safety pin 74 will no longer block the rotational movement of the driving handle 71 along the first direction, and the firing of the stapler can be achieved by holding the driving handle 71.

如图23和图24所示，为本发明又一实施例的外科吻合器的结构示意图。该实施例与图1～17的实施例的不同之处在于，该实施例中，所述外科吻合器还包括导块8，所述导块8的一端固定于所述壳体1，所述导块8的另一端嵌设于所述击发块5表面开设的导槽56中，且所述导块8可以在所述导槽56中沿吻合器的轴向方向运动。因此，所述导槽56和导块8配合的结构可以对所述吻合器击发时所述击发块5的运动起到导向作用，保持击发组件沿吻合器轴向方向运动。所述导槽56可以是开设于所述击发块5表面的通槽，也可以是未连通至所述击发块5的下表面的槽。在所述击发块5为通槽时，所述导块8也可以为工字型结构，即两端的宽度大于中部连接部的宽度，所述导块8的连接部嵌设于所述导槽56中，且所述导块8的两端分别位于所述导槽56的上下两侧。所述导块8的两端的宽度均大于所述导槽56的宽度，从而避免所述导块8从所述导槽56中意外分离，并且形成所述导槽56与所述导块8之间稳定的配合。As shown in Figures 23 and 24, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of a surgical stapler according to another embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment of Figures 1 to 17 is that, in this embodiment, the surgical stapler also includes a guide block 8, one end of which is fixed to the housing 1, and the other end of the guide block 8 is embedded in a guide groove 56 provided on the surface of the firing block 5, and the guide block 8 can move in the guide groove 56 along the axial direction of the stapler. Therefore, the structure of the guide groove 56 and the guide block 8 can guide the movement of the firing block 5 when the stapler is fired, and keep the firing assembly moving along the axial direction of the stapler. The guide groove 56 can be a through groove provided on the surface of the firing block 5, or it can be a groove that is not connected to the lower surface of the firing block 5. When the firing block 5 is a through slot, the guide block 8 may also be an I-shaped structure, that is, the width of the two ends is greater than the width of the middle connecting portion, the connecting portion of the guide block 8 is embedded in the guide slot 56, and the two ends of the guide block 8 are respectively located at the upper and lower sides of the guide slot 56. The width of the two ends of the guide block 8 is greater than the width of the guide slot 56, thereby preventing the guide block 8 from accidentally separating from the guide slot 56, and forming a stable fit between the guide slot 56 and the guide block 8.

如图24所示，所述壳体1上开设有导块安装槽16，所述导块8固定于所述导块安装槽16中。所述导块安装槽16可以是贯通所述壳体1的侧壁的通槽，也可以是只开设在所述壳体1内侧壁而不连通至壳体1外侧壁的槽。在其他可替代的实施方式中，所述导块8和所述壳体1之间也可以通过其他连接方式固定，例如螺接、铆接等，或者所述壳体1上设置导块连接部(如采用凸块、梁等结构)，所述导块8与所述导块连接部连接。As shown in FIG24 , the housing 1 is provided with a guide block mounting groove 16, and the guide block 8 is fixed in the guide block mounting groove 16. The guide block mounting groove 16 may be a through groove that passes through the side wall of the housing 1, or may be a groove that is only provided on the inner side wall of the housing 1 and is not connected to the outer side wall of the housing 1. In other alternative embodiments, the guide block 8 and the housing 1 may also be fixed by other connection methods, such as screw connection, riveting, etc., or a guide block connecting portion (such as a structure of a convex block, a beam, etc.) is provided on the housing 1, and the guide block 8 is connected to the guide block connecting portion.

如图24所示，在该实施例中，所述传动件6的一端为挂钩63，挂钩63可旋转地挂在击发块5的近端侧的第一枢转轴54上，且所述挂钩部63可相对于所述第一枢转轴54旋转一定角度而脱离所述第一枢转轴54。为了保持在吻合器使用过程中挂钩63与击发块5配合的稳定性，所述击发块5的近端侧进一步设置一止挡部57，该止挡部57阻挡所述挂钩63从所述第一枢转轴54中意外脱出。As shown in FIG. 24 , in this embodiment, one end of the transmission member 6 is a hook 63, which is rotatably hung on the first pivot shaft 54 at the proximal side of the firing block 5, and the hook portion 63 can rotate a certain angle relative to the first pivot shaft 54 and disengage from the first pivot shaft 54. In order to maintain the stability of the hook 63 and the firing block 5 during the use of the stapler, a stopper 57 is further provided at the proximal side of the firing block 5, and the stopper 57 prevents the hook 63 from accidentally coming off the first pivot shaft 54.

上述的各个实施例的具体结构可以进一步进行组合，例如图20～图22的实施例中，所述外科吻合器的壳体1的上表面可以为如图1～17所示的平面，也可以为图18和图19所示的弧面。图18～22的实施例中，所述击发组件的结构、所述击发组件和所述驱动组件的配合方式、所述驱动组件和所述壳体的配合方式、所述击发组件和所述壳体的配合方式等均可以采用图1～17中所示的实施例的结构，并可以在此基础上进行其他可替换的改进，均属于本发明的保护范围之内。图23和图24中的导块和导槽的结构可以与上述各个实施例的结构进行组合，例如在图1～17的实施例中增加导块和导槽的结构，图23和图24中的挂钩和止挡部的结构也可以与上述各个实施例的结构进行组合，得到新的结构，均属于本发明的保护范围之内。The specific structures of the above-mentioned embodiments can be further combined. For example, in the embodiments of Figures 20 to 22, the upper surface of the housing 1 of the surgical stapler can be a plane as shown in Figures 1 to 17, or a curved surface as shown in Figures 18 and 19. In the embodiments of Figures 18 to 22, the structure of the firing assembly, the matching mode of the firing assembly and the drive assembly, the matching mode of the drive assembly and the housing, and the matching mode of the firing assembly and the housing can all adopt the structure of the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 17, and other replaceable improvements can be made on this basis, all of which belong to the protection scope of the present invention. The structure of the guide block and the guide groove in Figures 23 and 24 can be combined with the structure of the above-mentioned embodiments. For example, the structure of the guide block and the guide groove is added in the embodiments of Figures 1 to 17, and the structure of the hook and the stopper in Figures 23 and 24 can also be combined with the structure of the above-mentioned embodiments to obtain a new structure, all of which belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

本发明提供了一种对组织进行缝合或对组织开口进行关闭的器械，通过驱动组件驱动击发组件完成吻合器的击发，通过击发组件中的吻合钉在钉砧处成型而对组织进行吻合，实现了组织缝合或组织开口关闭，使用过程中将外科吻合器放置于病变位置，将需要吻合的组织拉入到钉砧和击发组件之间，操作驱动组件闭合和击发吻合器即可，操作简单，使用方便。The present invention provides an instrument for suturing tissues or closing tissue openings. The firing assembly is driven by a driving assembly to complete the firing of the stapler. The staplers in the firing assembly are formed at the staple anvil to staple the tissues, thereby achieving tissue suturing or tissue opening closing. During use, the surgical stapler is placed at the lesion position, the tissue to be anastomosed is pulled between the staple anvil and the firing assembly, and the driving assembly is operated to close and fire the stapler. The operation is simple and the use is convenient.

以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.