CN114659554B - A fault diagnosis method for biomass pellet machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a fault diagnosis method of a biomass granulator, and belongs to the technical field of biomass granulators; a fault diagnosis method of a biomass particle machine comprises the steps of judging whether a fault monitoring parameter meets a preset fault cause judgment condition or not by collecting the fault monitoring parameter of the biomass particle machine, determining a fault type when the fault monitoring parameter meets the preset fault judgment condition, and acquiring, outputting and storing running state information of a preset period; by applying the technical scheme, when the fault occurs, namely the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault conditions, the corresponding fault type can be determined, and the running state information of the relevant time period is output and stored, so that relevant equipment or technicians can accurately locate the fault by analyzing the running state information, and further corresponding measures can be taken rapidly to remove the fault.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法A fault diagnosis method for biomass pellet machine

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及生物质颗粒机技术领域，特别是涉及一种生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法。The invention relates to the technical field of biomass pellet machines, in particular to a fault diagnosis method for biomass pellet machines.

背景技术Background technique

常见的生物质颗粒成型品质问题主要包括生物质颗粒表面碳化、生物质颗粒松散不成形和生物质颗粒尺寸不合格；而生物质颗粒品质的好坏极大的影响生物质颗粒的使用效果，表面碳化的生物质颗粒会极大的影响其燃烧性能，生物质颗粒尺寸不合格将影响其运输，而颗粒松散不成形将直接无法使用；在生物质颗粒成型过程中，生物质颗粒的性能收到诸多因素的影响，如原料含水率、成型压力、成型温度等；同时生物质颗粒机容易因为环模模孔的磨损以及粉料中的杂质阻塞，产生能耗增大的问题，严重的会导致生产事故；目前缺乏一种在出现上述问题后排查故障产生原因的方法，为了解决上述问题，本发明提出了一种生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法。The common quality problems of biomass granules mainly include surface carbonization of biomass granules, loose and unshaped biomass granules, and unqualified biomass granule size; and the quality of biomass granules greatly affects the use effect of biomass granules. Carbonized biomass particles will greatly affect its combustion performance, and the unqualified size of biomass particles will affect its transportation, and the loose and unshaped particles will directly be unusable; during the molding process of biomass particles, the performance of biomass particles will be affected Affected by many factors, such as raw material moisture content, molding pressure, molding temperature, etc.; at the same time, the biomass pellet machine is prone to the problem of increased energy consumption due to the wear of the ring die hole and the blockage of impurities in the powder, which will seriously lead to Production accidents; at present, there is a lack of a method for troubleshooting the cause of the failure after the above problems occur. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a fault diagnosis method for biomass pellet machines.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题：The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of biomass granulator fault diagnosis method, to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology:

目前缺乏一种生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法，给以后的调试和维修工作带来一定的困难。At present, there is a lack of a fault diagnosis method for biomass pellet machines, which will bring certain difficulties to future debugging and maintenance work.

为了实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

一种生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法，具体包括以下步骤：A method for diagnosing a biomass pellet machine failure, specifically comprising the following steps:

S1、采集生物质颗粒机的故障监控参数，所采集的故障监控参数包括生物质颗粒表面碳化度、生物质颗粒的成型密度、生物质颗粒的外形尺寸和生物质颗粒机的能耗参数；S1. Collect the fault monitoring parameters of the biomass pellet machine. The fault monitoring parameters collected include the degree of carbonization of the surface of the biomass pellets, the molding density of the biomass pellets, the external dimensions of the biomass pellets, and the energy consumption parameters of the biomass pellet machine;

S2、判断所采集到的故障监控参数是否满足预设故障原因判断条件；S2. Judging whether the collected fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault cause judgment conditions;

S3、当S2中所采集到的故障监控参数满足预设故障原因判断条件时，据此确定故障类型，获取、输出并保存预设时段的运行状态信息，并开始判断故障原因；S3. When the fault monitoring parameters collected in S2 meet the preset fault cause judgment conditions, determine the fault type accordingly, acquire, output and save the operation status information of the preset time period, and start to judge the fault cause;

S4、确定故障类型后，采集生物质颗粒机故障原因监控参数，故障原因监控参数包括环模温度、环模模孔内面正压力、主电机转速、生产能耗、生产速率，以及生物质颗粒成型密度、长径比和切面形状；S4. After determining the type of failure, collect the monitoring parameters of the cause of the failure of the biomass pellet machine. The monitoring parameters of the cause of the failure include the temperature of the ring die, the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole, the speed of the main motor, the production energy consumption, the production rate, and the formation of biomass particles Density, aspect ratio and cut shape;

S5、判断S4中所采集到的故障原因监控参数是否满足预设故障原因判断条件，确定具体故障原因，获取、输出并保存预设时段的运行状态信息。S5. Judging whether the fault cause monitoring parameters collected in S4 meet the preset fault cause judging conditions, determining the specific fault cause, acquiring, outputting and saving the operation status information of the preset time period.

优选地，所述S1中提到的颗粒表面碳化判断条件为：在连续ɑ个采样周期内环模温度的测量值均大于预设碳化值L；Preferably, the particle surface carbonization judging condition mentioned in S1 is: the measured values of the ring die temperature are all greater than the preset carbonization value L in consecutive ɑ sampling periods;

基于生物质颗粒表面碳化度的预设故障原因判断包括环模模孔堵塞故障、压辊间隙参数设置过大故障、电机转速设置过大故障、原料含水率参数设置过大故障；The preset failure cause judgment based on the degree of carbonization on the surface of biomass particles includes the failure of the ring die hole blockage, the failure of the roller gap parameter setting is too large, the motor speed setting is too large, and the raw material moisture content parameter setting is too large;

其中，所述环模模孔堵塞故障判断条件包括：在连续X个采样周期内环模温度的测量值均大于预设温度最大值a，且在连续Y个采样周期内生产速率的测量值均下降至b，其中X，Y为正整数；Wherein, the conditions for judging the failure of the ring die hole blockage include: the measured values of the ring die temperature are greater than the preset temperature maximum a in consecutive X sampling periods, and the measured values of the production rate are all greater than the preset temperature in continuous Y sampling periods. Descending to b, where X, Y are positive integers;

所述压辊间隙参数设置过大故障判断条件包括：The fault judgment conditions that the pressure roller gap parameter setting is too large include:

1)在连续X个采样周期内环模温度的测量值均小于预设温度最大值a，且在连续Z个采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于预设环模模孔内面正压力最大值c，其中Z为正整数；1) The measured values of the ring die temperature are less than the preset maximum temperature a in consecutive X sampling periods, and the measured values of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole are greater than the preset ring die holes in the continuous Z sampling cycles The maximum positive pressure c on the inner surface, where Z is a positive integer;

2)在连续X个采样周期内环模温度的测量值均大于预设温度最大值a，同时在连续Y个采样周期内生产速率的测量值均下降至b，且在连续Z个采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于预设环模模孔内面正压力最大值c；2) The measured values of the ring die temperature are greater than the preset maximum temperature a in consecutive X sampling periods, while the measured values of the production rate drop to b in consecutive Y sampling periods, and within Z consecutive sampling periods The measured values of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole are all greater than the preset maximum positive pressure c on the inner surface of the ring die hole;

所述电机转速设置过大故障判断条件包括：在排除模孔堵塞故障和压辊间隙参数设置过大故障后，在连续M个采样周期内电机转速的测量值均大于电机转速最大值d，其中M为正整数；The motor speed is set too large fault judgment conditions include: after eliminating the die hole clogging fault and roller gap parameter setting too large fault, the measured values of the motor speed are greater than the maximum value of the motor speed d in consecutive M sampling periods, where M is a positive integer;

所述原料含水率参数设置过大故障判断条件包括：排除了包括模孔堵塞故障、压辊间隙参数设置过大故障和电机转速设置过大故障。The conditions for judging the failure of the parameter setting of the moisture content of the raw material are too large include: the faults including the clogging of the die hole, the failure of the setting of the pressure roller gap parameter being too large and the failure of the motor speed setting being too large have been eliminated.

优选地，所述S1中提到的生物质颗粒的成型密度判断条件为：在连续β个采样周期内环模温度的测量值均大于预设碳化值j；Preferably, the condition for judging the molding density of biomass particles mentioned in S1 is: the measured values of the temperature of the ring die are greater than the preset carbonization value j in consecutive β sampling periods;

基于生物质颗粒的成型密度的预设故障原因判断包括电机转速设置过低故障、物料不足或绞龙阻塞故障、传动皮带或轴承故障、压辊间隙设置过小故障、模孔过度磨损失效故障；The preset failure cause judgment based on the molding density of biomass particles includes the failure of the motor speed setting too low, insufficient material or auger blockage, transmission belt or bearing failure, too small pressure roller gap setting failure, and excessive wear failure of the die hole;

其中，所述电机转速设置过低故障判断条件包括：在连续Y个采样周期内所述生产速率的测量值均下降至b，且在连续M个采样周期内电机转速的测量值均小于e；Wherein, the motor speed is set too low and the fault judgment condition includes: the measured values of the production rate all drop to b in consecutive Y sampling cycles, and the measured values of the motor speed in consecutive M sampling cycles are all less than e;

所述物料不足或绞龙阻塞故障判断条件包括：在连续Y个采样周期内生产速率的测量值均下降至b，并且在连续M个采样周期内电机转速的测量值均大于e，同时在连续L个采样周期内物料均未能正确下落，其中L为正整数；The conditions for judging the lack of material or the blocking failure of the auger include: the measured value of the production rate drops to b in consecutive Y sampling periods, and the measured value of the motor speed is greater than e in consecutive M sampling periods. The material fails to fall correctly during L sampling periods, where L is a positive integer;

所述传动皮带或轴承故障判断条件包括：在连续Y个采样周期内生产速率的测量值均下降至b，并且排除了电机转速设置过低故障、物料不足或绞龙阻塞故障；The conditions for judging the transmission belt or bearing failure include: the measured value of the production rate drops to b in consecutive Y sampling periods, and the failure of the motor speed setting is too low, the lack of material or the auger blocking failure;

所述压辊间隙设置过小故障判断条件包括：在连续两Y个采样周期内生产速率的测量值均高于b，且在连续Z个采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均小于预设环模模孔内面正压力最小值f；The fault judgment condition that the pressure roller gap is set too small includes: the measured value of the production rate in two consecutive Y sampling periods is higher than b, and the measured value of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole in the continuous Z sampling period is equal to Less than the minimum positive pressure f on the inner surface of the preset ring die hole;

所述模孔过度磨损失效故障判断条件包括：在连续Y个采样周期内生产速率的测量值均高于b，且在连续Z个采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于预设环模模孔内面正压力最小值f。The failure judgment condition of the excessive wear of the die hole includes: the measured value of the production rate is higher than b in consecutive Y sampling cycles, and the measured value of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die die hole is greater than the preset value in the continuous Z sampling cycle Set the minimum positive pressure f on the inner surface of the ring die hole.

优选地，所述S1中提到的基于生物质颗粒的成型密度的预设故障原因判断包括：主电机与刮刀电机转速设置不匹配以及刮刀磨损；Preferably, the preset fault cause judgment based on the molding density of biomass particles mentioned in S1 includes: the speed setting of the main motor and the scraper motor does not match and the scraper is worn;

其中，所述主电机与刮刀电机转速设置不匹配故障判断条件包括：在连续两个采样周期内生物质颗粒的长径比均不在区间(H，I)内；Wherein, the speed setting of the main motor and the scraper motor does not match the fault judgment condition including: the length-to-diameter ratio of the biomass particles is not in the interval (H, I) in two consecutive sampling periods;

所述刮刀磨损故障判断条件包括：在连续两个采样周期内生物质颗粒的端面切口出现斜口或不规则切口。The conditions for judging the scraper wear failure include: oblique or irregular cuts appear on the end faces of the biomass particles within two consecutive sampling periods.

优选地，所述S1中提到的生物质颗粒机的能耗参数判断条件为：在连续γ个采样周期内所述生物质颗粒机的总电流是否超过最大标准k；Preferably, the condition for judging the energy consumption parameters of the biomass pellet machine mentioned in S1 is: whether the total current of the biomass pellet machine exceeds the maximum standard k in consecutive γ sampling periods;

基于生物质颗粒机的能耗参数的预设故障原因判断包括传动装置损坏故障、模孔堵塞故障、挤压速度设定过低故障、压辊间隙设置过大故障、杂质过多阻塞故障；The preset failure cause judgment based on the energy consumption parameters of the biomass pellet machine includes the failure of the transmission device damage, the clogging of the die hole, the failure of the extrusion speed setting too low, the setting of the pressure roller gap is too large, and the failure of excessive impurities;

其中，所述传动装置损坏故障判断条件包括：在连续N个采样周期内生物质颗粒的密度均大于最大标准g，同时在连续M个采样周期内电机转速的测量值均大于e，且生物质颗粒切面面积未变小；Wherein, the conditions for judging the failure of the transmission device include: the density of biomass particles is greater than the maximum standard g in consecutive N sampling periods, and the measured values of the motor speed are greater than e in consecutive M sampling periods, and the biomass The sectional area of the particles does not become smaller;

所述模孔堵塞故障判断条件包括：在连续N个采样周期内生物质颗粒的密度均大于最大标准g，同时在连续M个采样周期内电机转速的测量值均大于e，且生物质颗粒切面面积变小；The conditions for judging the die hole blockage failure include: the density of the biomass particles is greater than the maximum standard g in consecutive N sampling periods, and the measured values of the motor speed are greater than e in consecutive M sampling periods, and the cut surface of the biomass particles The area becomes smaller;

所述挤压速度设定过低故障判断条件包括：在连续N个采样周期内生物质颗粒的密度均大于最大标准g，且在连续M个采样周期内电机转速的测量值均小于e；The failure judgment condition for setting the extrusion speed too low includes: the density of the biomass particles is greater than the maximum standard g in consecutive N sampling periods, and the measured value of the motor speed is less than e in consecutive M sampling periods;

所述压辊间隙设置过大故障判断条件包括：在连续N个采样周期内生物质颗粒的密度均小于最大标准g，且在连续Z个采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于c；The fault judgment condition that the pressure roller gap is set too large includes: the density of the biomass particles is less than the maximum standard g in consecutive N sampling periods, and the measured value of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole in the continuous Z sampling periods is equal to greater than c;

所述杂质过多阻塞故障判断条件包括：在连续N个采样周期内生物质颗粒的密度均小于最大标准g，且在连续Z个采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均小于c。The conditions for judging the failure of too much impurity blockage include: the density of biomass particles is less than the maximum standard g in consecutive N sampling periods, and the measured values of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole in continuous Z sampling periods are all less than c .

优选地，所述S1中提到的生物质颗粒碳化度参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：Preferably, the parameter collection of the degree of carbonization of biomass particles mentioned in S1 specifically includes the following steps:

A1、通过固定安装于生物质颗粒机本体落料区的碳化深度传感器测量生物质颗粒表面碳化度；A1. Measure the degree of carbonization on the surface of biomass particles through the carbonization depth sensor fixedly installed in the blanking area of the biomass pellet machine body;

A2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据E1中碳化深度传感器实时获取生物质颗粒表面碳化度；A2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the carbonization degree of the biomass pellet surface in real time according to the carbonization depth sensor in E1;

所述S1中提到的生物质颗粒机能耗参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The collection of energy consumption parameters of the biomass pellet machine mentioned in S1 specifically includes the following steps:

B1、通过安装于电气柜内的交流互感器测量生物质颗粒机的运行电流；B1. Measure the operating current of the biomass pellet machine through the AC transformer installed in the electrical cabinet;

B2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据B1中交流互感器实时获取生物质颗粒机的运行电流信息。B2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the operating current information of the biomass pellet machine in real time according to the AC transformer in B1.

优选地，所述S4中提到的环模温度参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：Preferably, the ring die temperature parameter collection mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:

C1、通过固定镶入在环模内壁的温度传感器的AT探头采集环模内壁温度；C1. Collect the temperature of the inner wall of the ring die through the AT probe fixedly embedded in the temperature sensor on the inner wall of the ring die;

C2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，将C1中温度传感器实时获取的环模内壁温度信息；C2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, the temperature information of the inner wall of the ring die obtained by the temperature sensor in C1 in real time;

所述S4中提到的环模模孔内面正压力参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The acquisition of positive pressure parameters on the inner surface of the ring die hole mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:

D1、通过固定安装于环模贯穿孔间的环体内壁的压力传感器采集环模孔内壁内面正压力e；D1. Collect the positive pressure e on the inner wall of the ring die hole through the pressure sensor fixedly installed on the ring inner wall between the through holes of the ring die;

D2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据D1中压力传感器实时获取的环模孔内壁内面正压力信息；D2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, the positive pressure information on the inner surface of the inner wall of the ring die hole is obtained in real time according to the pressure sensor in D1;

所述S4中提到的主电机转速参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The acquisition of the main motor speed parameter mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:

E1、通过固定安装于电机内的编码器采集电机转速；E1, collect the motor speed through the encoder fixedly installed in the motor;

E2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据E1中编码器实时获取电机转速信息；E2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the motor speed information in real time according to the encoder in E1;

所述S4中提到的生物质颗粒长径比参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The collection of biomass particle aspect ratio parameters mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:

F1、通过工业相机采集生物质颗粒成品图片，并将图像传输给工控机；F1. Collect pictures of finished biomass particles through industrial cameras, and transmit the images to industrial computers;

F2、通过工控机识别测量生物质颗粒的长度r与直径s；F2. Identify and measure the length r and diameter s of biomass particles through industrial computer;

F3、计算生物质颗粒的长径比ρ，其计算公式如下：F3, calculate the aspect ratio ρ of biomass particles, its calculation formula is as follows:

F4、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据工控机的测量结果实时获取生物质颗粒长径比；F4. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the aspect ratio of biomass pellets in real time according to the measurement results of the industrial computer;

所述S4中提到的生物质颗粒端面切口形状参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The collection of shape parameters of the end face of the biomass particles mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:

G1、通过工业相机采集生物质颗粒端面切口图片，并将图像传输给工控机；G1. Collect the picture of the incision of the end face of the biomass particle through the industrial camera, and transmit the picture to the industrial computer;

G2、通过工控机识别测量生物质颗粒的端面切口形状；G2. Identify and measure the shape of the end face incision of the biomass particles through the industrial computer;

G3、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据工控机的识别结果实时获取生物质颗粒端面切口平整度。G3. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the evenness of the end face of the biomass pellet in real time according to the identification result of the industrial computer.

与现有技术相比，本发明提供了一种生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法，具备以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a fault diagnosis method for a biomass pellet machine, which has the following beneficial effects:

本发明所提出的一种生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法，改变了现有的生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法，是通过检测生物质颗粒表面碳化度、生物质颗粒成型密度、生物质颗粒外形及尺寸以及生物质颗粒机的生产能耗，对故障现象进行判断；再通过测量环模孔内壁温度、环模孔内壁内面正压力、电机转速、生产速率、颗粒密度、颗粒外形及尺寸来对故障进行准确定位、进而可快速采取相应的措施排除故障。A fault diagnosis method for a biomass pellet machine proposed by the present invention changes the existing fault diagnosis method for a biomass pellet machine by detecting the degree of carbonization on the surface of biomass pellets, the forming density of biomass pellets, the shape and size of biomass pellets And the production energy consumption of the biomass pellet machine, to judge the fault phenomenon; and then by measuring the temperature of the inner wall of the ring die hole, the positive pressure of the inner wall of the ring die hole, the motor speed, the production rate, the particle density, the shape and size of the particle to diagnose the fault Accurate positioning, and then can quickly take corresponding measures to troubleshoot.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明提出的一种生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法的方法流程示意图；Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of a kind of biomass granulator fault diagnosis method that the present invention proposes;

图2为本发明提出的一种生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法的生物质颗粒表面碳化度故障诊断流程图；Fig. 2 is the fault diagnosis flowchart of the degree of carbonization on the surface of biomass particles of a kind of biomass pellet machine fault diagnosis method proposed by the present invention;

图3为本发明提出的一种生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法的生物质颗粒成型松散故障诊断流程图；Fig. 3 is a kind of biomass granulator fault diagnosis method of the present invention proposes the loose fault diagnosis flowchart of biomass particle forming;

图4为本发明提出的一种生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法的生物质颗粒机能耗异常增大故障诊断流程图；Fig. 4 is a fault diagnosis flow chart of abnormal increase in energy consumption of a biomass pellet machine in a biomass pellet machine fault diagnosis method proposed by the present invention;

图5为本发明提出的一种生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法的生物质颗粒外形故障诊断流程图。Fig. 5 is a flowchart of biomass particle shape fault diagnosis in a biomass pellet machine fault diagnosis method proposed by the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention.

实施例1：Example 1:

请参阅图1-5，一种生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法，具体包括以下步骤：Please refer to Figure 1-5, a biomass pellet machine fault diagnosis method, which specifically includes the following steps:

S1、采集生物质颗粒机的故障监控参数，所采集的故障监控参数包括生物质颗粒表面碳化度、生物质颗粒的成型密度、生物质颗粒的外形尺寸和生物质颗粒机的能耗参数；S1. Collect the fault monitoring parameters of the biomass pellet machine. The fault monitoring parameters collected include the degree of carbonization of the surface of the biomass pellets, the molding density of the biomass pellets, the external dimensions of the biomass pellets, and the energy consumption parameters of the biomass pellet machine;

S1中提到的颗粒表面碳化判断条件为：在连续多个采样周期ɑ内环模温度的测量值均大于预设碳化值L；The condition for judging particle surface carbonization mentioned in S1 is: the measured values of ring mold temperature in multiple consecutive sampling periods ɑ are all greater than the preset carbonization value L;

基于生物质颗粒表面碳化度的预设故障原因判断包括环模模孔堵塞故障、压辊间隙参数设置过大故障、电机转速设置过大故障、原料含水率参数设置过大故障；The preset failure cause judgment based on the degree of carbonization on the surface of biomass particles includes the failure of the ring die hole blockage, the failure of the roller gap parameter setting is too large, the motor speed setting is too large, and the raw material moisture content parameter setting is too large;

其中，环模模孔堵塞故障判断条件包括：在连续多个采样周期X内环模温度的测量值均大于预设温度最大值a，且在连续多个采样周期Y内生产速率的测量值均下降至b，其中X，Y为正整数；Among them, the conditions for judging the blockage fault of the ring die hole include: the measured values of the ring die temperature are greater than the preset temperature maximum value a in a plurality of consecutive sampling periods X, and the measured values of the production rate in a plurality of continuous sampling periods Y are equal to Descending to b, where X, Y are positive integers;

压辊间隙参数设置过大故障判断条件包括：The fault judgment conditions of the pressure roller gap parameter setting are too large include:

3)在连续多个采样周期X内环模温度的测量值均小于预设温度最大值a，且在连续多个采样周期Z内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于预设环模模孔内面正压力最大值c，其中Z为正整数；3) The measured values of the ring die temperature in multiple consecutive sampling periods X are all less than the preset maximum temperature a, and the measured values of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole in multiple consecutive sampling periods Z are greater than the preset ring die temperature The maximum positive pressure c on the inner surface of the die hole, where Z is a positive integer;

4)在连续多个采样周期X内环模温度的测量值均大于预设温度最大值a，同时在连续多个采样周期Y内生产速率的测量值均下降至b，且在连续多个采样周期Z内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于预设环模模孔内面正压力最大值c；4) The measured values of the ring die temperature in multiple consecutive sampling periods X are greater than the preset maximum temperature a, while the measured values of the production rate drop to b in multiple consecutive sampling periods Y, and The measured values of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole in the period Z are all greater than the preset maximum value c of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole;

电机转速设置过大故障判断条件包括：在排除模孔堵塞故障和压辊间隙参数设置过大故障后，在连续多个采样周期M内电机转速的测量值均大于电机转速最大值d，其中M为正整数；The fault judgment conditions for setting the motor speed too high include: after eliminating the fault of die hole clogging and roller gap parameter setting too large, the measured value of the motor speed is greater than the maximum value d of the motor speed in multiple consecutive sampling periods M, where M is a positive integer;

原料含水率参数设置过大故障判断条件包括：排除了包括模孔堵塞故障、压辊间隙参数设置过大故障和电机转速设置过大故障；The judgment conditions for the failure of the parameter setting of the moisture content of the raw material are too large include: the faults including the clogging of the die hole, the failure of the setting of the pressure roller gap parameter being too large and the failure of the motor speed setting being too large have been eliminated;

S1中提到的生物质颗粒的成型密度判断条件为：在连续多个采样周期β内环模温度的测量值均大于预设碳化值j；The condition for judging the molding density of biomass particles mentioned in S1 is: the measured values of the ring mold temperature in multiple consecutive sampling periods β are all greater than the preset carbonization value j;

基于生物质颗粒的成型密度的预设故障原因判断包括电机转速设置过低故障、物料不足或绞龙阻塞故障、传动皮带或轴承故障、压辊间隙设置过小故障、模孔过度磨损失效故障；The preset failure cause judgment based on the molding density of biomass particles includes the failure of the motor speed setting too low, insufficient material or auger blockage, transmission belt or bearing failure, too small pressure roller gap setting failure, and excessive wear failure of the die hole;

其中，电机转速设置过低故障判断条件包括：在连续多个采样周期Y内生产速率的测量值均下降至b，且在连续多个采样周期M内电机转速的测量值均小于e；Among them, the motor speed setting is too low fault judgment conditions include: the measured value of the production rate drops to b in a plurality of consecutive sampling periods Y, and the measured value of the motor speed in a plurality of consecutive sampling periods M is less than e;

物料不足或绞龙阻塞故障判断条件包括：在连续多个采样周期Y内生产速率的测量值均下降至b，并且在连续多个采样周期M内电机转速的测量值均大于e，同时在连续多个采样周期L内物料均未能正确下落，其中L为正整数；Judgment conditions for material shortage or auger blockage failure include: the measured value of production rate drops to b in multiple consecutive sampling periods Y, and the measured value of motor speed in multiple consecutive sampling periods M is greater than e, and at the same time in continuous The material failed to fall correctly in multiple sampling periods L, where L is a positive integer;

传动皮带或轴承故障判断条件包括：在连续多个采样周期Y内生产速率的测量值均下降至b，并且排除了电机转速设置过低故障、物料不足或绞龙阻塞故障；The conditions for judging the failure of the drive belt or bearing include: the measured value of the production rate drops to b in multiple consecutive sampling periods Y, and the failure of the motor speed setting is too low, the material is insufficient or the auger is blocked;

压辊间隙设置过小故障判断条件包括：在连续多个采样周期Y内生产速率的测量值均高于b，且在连续多个采样周期Z内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均小于预设环模模孔内面正压力最小值f；The fault judgment conditions of the pressure roller gap setting are too small include: the measured value of the production rate in multiple consecutive sampling periods Y is higher than b, and the measured value of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole in the continuous multiple sampling period Z is less than Preset the minimum positive pressure f on the inner surface of the ring die hole;

模孔过度磨损失效故障判断条件包括：在连续多个采样周期Y内生产速率的测量值均高于b，且在连续多个采样周期Z内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于预设环模模孔内面正压力最小值f；The failure judgment conditions for the excessive wear of the die hole include: the measured value of the production rate in multiple consecutive sampling periods Y is higher than b, and the measured value of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole in the continuous multiple sampling period Z is greater than the preset value. Set the minimum positive pressure f on the inner surface of the ring die hole;

S1中提到的基于生物质颗粒的成型密度的预设故障原因判断包括：主电机与刮刀电机转速设置不匹配以及刮刀磨损；The preset failure cause judgment based on the molding density of biomass particles mentioned in S1 includes: the speed settings of the main motor and the scraper motor do not match and the scraper is worn;

其中，主电机与刮刀电机转速设置不匹配故障判断条件包括：在连续两个采样周期内生物质颗粒的长径比均不在区间(H，I)内；Among them, the main motor and the scraper motor speed setting mismatch fault judgment conditions include: the length-to-diameter ratio of biomass particles is not in the interval (H, I) in two consecutive sampling periods;

刮刀磨损故障判断条件包括：在连续两个采样周期内生物质颗粒的端面切口出现斜口或不规则切口；The conditions for judging the scraper wear failure include: oblique or irregular cuts appear on the end face cuts of biomass particles within two consecutive sampling periods;

S1中提到的生物质颗粒机的能耗参数判断条件为：在连续多个采样周期γ内生物质颗粒机的总电流是否超过最大标准k；The judgment condition for the energy consumption parameters of the biomass pellet machine mentioned in S1 is: whether the total current of the biomass pellet machine exceeds the maximum standard k within multiple consecutive sampling periods γ;

基于生物质颗粒机的能耗参数的预设故障原因判断包括传动装置损坏故障、模孔堵塞故障、挤压速度设定过低故障、压辊间隙设置过大故障、杂质过多阻塞故障；The preset failure cause judgment based on the energy consumption parameters of the biomass pellet machine includes the failure of the transmission device damage, the clogging of the die hole, the failure of the extrusion speed setting too low, the setting of the pressure roller gap is too large, and the failure of excessive impurities;

其中，传动装置损坏故障判断条件包括：在连续多个采样周期N内生物质颗粒的密度均大于最大标准g，同时在连续多个采样周期M内电机转速的测量值均大于e，且生物质颗粒切面面积未变小；Among them, the transmission device damage fault judgment conditions include: the density of biomass particles is greater than the maximum standard g in multiple consecutive sampling periods N, and the measured value of the motor speed is greater than e in multiple consecutive sampling periods M, and the biomass The sectional area of the particles does not become smaller;

模孔堵塞故障判断条件包括：在连续多个采样周期N内生物质颗粒的密度均大于最大标准g，同时在连续多个采样周期M内电机转速的测量值均大于e，且生物质颗粒切面面积变小；The fault judgment conditions for die hole blockage include: the density of biomass particles is greater than the maximum standard g in multiple consecutive sampling periods N, and the measured value of the motor speed is greater than e in multiple consecutive sampling periods M, and the cut surface of biomass particles The area becomes smaller;

挤压速度设定过低故障判断条件包括：在连续多个采样周期N内生物质颗粒的密度均大于最大标准g，且在连续多个采样周期M内电机转速的测量值均小于e；Extrusion speed setting is too low fault judgment conditions include: the density of biomass particles is greater than the maximum standard g in multiple consecutive sampling periods N, and the measured value of the motor speed is less than e in multiple consecutive sampling periods M;

压辊间隙设置过大故障判断条件包括：在连续多个采样周期N内生物质颗粒的密度均小于最大标准g，且在连续多个采样周期Z内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于c；The fault judgment conditions for setting too large pressure roller gap include: the density of biomass particles is less than the maximum standard g in multiple consecutive sampling periods N, and the measured value of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole in multiple consecutive sampling periods Z is equal to greater than c;

杂质过多阻塞故障判断条件包括：在连续多个采样周期N内生物质颗粒的密度均小于最大标准g，且在连续多个采样周期Z内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均小于c；Judgment conditions for excessive impurity blocking faults include: the density of biomass particles is less than the maximum standard g in multiple consecutive sampling periods N, and the measured value of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole in multiple consecutive sampling periods Z is less than c ;

S1中提到的生物质颗粒碳化度参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The collection of carbonization degree parameters of biomass particles mentioned in S1 specifically includes the following steps:

A1、通过固定安装于生物质颗粒机本体落料区的碳化深度传感器测量生物质颗粒表面碳化度；A1. Measure the degree of carbonization on the surface of biomass particles through the carbonization depth sensor fixedly installed in the blanking area of the biomass pellet machine body;

A2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据E1中碳化深度传感器实时获取生物质颗粒表面碳化度；A2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the carbonization degree of the biomass pellet surface in real time according to the carbonization depth sensor in E1;

S1中提到的生物质颗粒机能耗参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The collection of energy consumption parameters of the biomass pellet machine mentioned in S1 specifically includes the following steps:

B1、通过安装于电气柜内的交流互感器测量生物质颗粒机的运行电流；B1. Measure the operating current of the biomass pellet machine through the AC transformer installed in the electrical cabinet;

B2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据B1中交流互感器实时获取生物质颗粒机的运行电流信息；B2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the operating current information of the biomass pellet machine in real time according to the AC transformer in B1;

S2、判断所采集到的故障监控参数是否满足预设故障原因判断条件；S2. Judging whether the collected fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault cause judgment conditions;

S3、当S2中所采集到的故障监控参数满足预设故障原因判断条件时，据此确定故障类型，获取、输出并保存预设时段的运行状态信息，并开始判断故障原因；S3. When the fault monitoring parameters collected in S2 meet the preset fault cause judgment conditions, determine the fault type accordingly, acquire, output and save the operation status information of the preset time period, and start to judge the fault cause;

S4、确定故障类型后，采集生物质颗粒机故障原因监控参数，故障原因监控参数包括环模温度、环模模孔内面正压力、主电机转速、生产能耗、生产速率，以及生物质颗粒成型密度、长径比和切面形状；S4. After determining the type of failure, collect the monitoring parameters of the cause of the failure of the biomass pellet machine. The monitoring parameters of the cause of the failure include the temperature of the ring die, the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole, the speed of the main motor, the production energy consumption, the production rate, and the formation of biomass particles Density, aspect ratio and cut shape;

S4中提到的环模温度参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The collection of ring die temperature parameters mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:

C1、通过固定镶入在环模内壁的温度传感器的AT探头采集环模内壁温度；C1. Collect the temperature of the inner wall of the ring die through the AT probe fixedly embedded in the temperature sensor on the inner wall of the ring die;

C2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，将C1中温度传感器实时获取的环模内壁温度信息；C2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, the temperature information of the inner wall of the ring die obtained by the temperature sensor in C1 in real time;

S4中提到的环模模孔内面正压力参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The collection of positive pressure parameters on the inner surface of the ring die hole mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:

D1、通过固定安装于环模贯穿孔间的环体内壁的压力传感器采集环模孔内壁内面正压力e；D1. Collect the positive pressure e on the inner wall of the ring die hole through the pressure sensor fixedly installed on the ring inner wall between the through holes of the ring die;

D2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据D1中压力传感器实时获取的环模孔内壁内面正压力信息；D2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, the positive pressure information on the inner surface of the inner wall of the ring die hole is obtained in real time according to the pressure sensor in D1;

S4中提到的主电机转速参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The acquisition of the main motor speed parameter mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:

E1、通过固定安装于电机内的编码器采集电机转速；E1, collect the motor speed through the encoder fixedly installed in the motor;

E2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据E1中编码器实时获取电机转速信息；E2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the motor speed information in real time according to the encoder in E1;

S4中提到的生物质颗粒长径比参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The collection of biomass particle aspect ratio parameters mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:

F1、通过工业相机采集生物质颗粒成品图片，并将图像传输给工控机；F1. Collect pictures of finished biomass particles through industrial cameras, and transmit the images to industrial computers;

F2、通过工控机识别测量生物质颗粒的长度r与直径s；F2. Identify and measure the length r and diameter s of biomass particles through industrial computer;

F3、计算生物质颗粒的长径比ρ，其计算公式如下：F3, calculate the aspect ratio ρ of biomass particles, its calculation formula is as follows:

F4、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据工控机的测量结果实时获取生物质颗粒长径比；F4. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the aspect ratio of biomass pellets in real time according to the measurement results of the industrial computer;

S4中提到的生物质颗粒端面切口形状参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The collection of shape parameters of the end face of the biomass particles mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:

G1、通过工业相机采集生物质颗粒端面切口图片，并将图像传输给工控机；G1. Collect the picture of the incision of the end face of the biomass particle through the industrial camera, and transmit the picture to the industrial computer;

G2、通过工控机识别测量生物质颗粒的端面切口形状；G2. Identify and measure the shape of the end face incision of the biomass particles through the industrial computer;

G3、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据工控机的识别结果实时获取生物质颗粒端面切口平整度G3. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the evenness of the end face of the biomass pellet in real time according to the identification result of the industrial computer

S5、判断S4中所采集到的故障原因监控参数是否满足预设故障原因判断条件，确定具体故障原因，获取、输出并保存预设时段的运行状态信息。S5. Judging whether the fault cause monitoring parameters collected in S4 meet the preset fault cause judging conditions, determining the specific fault cause, acquiring, outputting and saving the operation status information of the preset time period.

本发明所提出的一种生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法，改变了现有的生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法，是通过检测生物质颗粒表面碳化度、生物质颗粒成型密度、生物质颗粒外形及尺寸以及生物质颗粒机的生产能耗，对故障现象进行判断；再通过测量环模孔内壁温度、环模孔内壁内面正压力、电机转速、生产速率、颗粒密度、颗粒外形及尺寸来对故障进行准确定位、进而可快速采取相应的措施排除故障。A fault diagnosis method for a biomass pellet machine proposed by the present invention changes the existing fault diagnosis method for a biomass pellet machine by detecting the degree of carbonization on the surface of biomass pellets, the forming density of biomass pellets, the shape and size of biomass pellets And the production energy consumption of the biomass pellet machine, to judge the fault phenomenon; and then by measuring the temperature of the inner wall of the ring die hole, the positive pressure of the inner wall of the ring die hole, the motor speed, the production rate, the particle density, the shape and size of the particle to diagnose the fault Accurate positioning, and then can quickly take corresponding measures to troubleshoot.

实施例2：Example 2:

请参阅图1-5，基于实施例1但有所不同之处在于，一种生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法，具体包括以下步骤：Please refer to Figures 1-5, based on Embodiment 1 but different in that a method for fault diagnosis of a biomass pellet machine specifically includes the following steps:

S1、采集生物质颗粒机的故障监控参数，所采集的故障监控参数包括生物质颗粒表面碳化度、生物质颗粒的成型密度、生物质颗粒的外形尺寸和生物质颗粒机的能耗参数；S1. Collect the fault monitoring parameters of the biomass pellet machine. The fault monitoring parameters collected include the degree of carbonization of the surface of the biomass pellets, the molding density of the biomass pellets, the external dimensions of the biomass pellets, and the energy consumption parameters of the biomass pellet machine;

S1中提到的颗粒表面碳化判断条件为：在连续多个1min的采样周期内环模温度的测量值均大于10％(预设碳化值)；The condition for judging particle surface carbonization mentioned in S1 is: the measured values of ring die temperature are all greater than 10% (preset carbonization value) within multiple consecutive sampling periods of 1 min;

基于生物质颗粒表面碳化度的预设故障原因判断包括环模模孔堵塞故障、压辊间隙参数设置过大故障、电机转速设置过大故障、原料含水率参数设置过大故障；The preset failure cause judgment based on the degree of carbonization on the surface of biomass particles includes the failure of the ring die hole blockage, the failure of the roller gap parameter setting is too large, the motor speed setting is too large, and the raw material moisture content parameter setting is too large;

其中，环模模孔堵塞故障判断条件包括：在连续多个30S的采样周期内环模温度的测量值均大于160℃(预设温度最大值)，且在连续多个30S的采样周期内生产速率的测量值均下降至2000kg/h；Among them, the conditions for judging the blockage fault of the ring die hole include: the measured values of the ring die temperature are all greater than 160°C (the maximum value of the preset temperature) within a plurality of consecutive sampling periods of 30S, and the production is produced within a plurality of consecutive sampling periods of 30S The measured values of the speed all dropped to 2000kg/h;

压辊间隙参数设置过大故障判断条件包括：The fault judgment conditions of the pressure roller gap parameter setting are too large include:

5)在连续多个30S的采样周期内环模温度的测量值均小于160℃(预设温度最大值)，且在连续多个10S的采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于18000N(预设环模模孔内面正压力最大值)；5) The measured values of the temperature of the ring die are less than 160°C (the maximum value of the preset temperature) in the continuous sampling period of 30S, and the measured values of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole are all in the continuous sampling period of 10S. Greater than 18000N (the maximum positive pressure on the inner surface of the preset ring die hole);

6)在连续多个30S的采样周期内环模温度的测量值均大于160℃(预设温度最大值)，同时在连续多个30S的采样周期内生产速率的测量值均下降至2000kg/h，且在连续多个10S的采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于18000N(预设环模模孔内面正压力最大值)；6) The measured values of the ring die temperature are greater than 160°C (the maximum value of the preset temperature) in multiple consecutive 30S sampling periods, and the measured values of the production rate drop to 2000kg/h in multiple consecutive 30S sampling periods , and the measured value of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole is greater than 18000N (the maximum value of the preset positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole) in a continuous multiple 10S sampling period;

电机转速设置过大故障判断条件包括：在排除模孔堵塞故障和压辊间隙参数设置过大故障后，在连续多个10S的采样周期内电机转速的测量值均大于220r/min(电机设定转速最大值)；The fault judging conditions for excessive motor speed setting include: after eliminating the fault of die hole clogging and pressure roller gap parameter setting fault, the measured value of motor speed is greater than 220r/min in consecutive sampling periods of 10S (motor setting speed max);

原料含水率参数设置过大故障判断条件包括：排除了包括模孔堵塞故障、压辊间隙参数设置过大故障和电机设定转速设置过大故障；The judgment conditions for the failure of the parameter setting of the moisture content of the raw material are too large include: the faults including the blockage of the die hole, the fault of the excessive setting of the pressure roller gap parameter and the excessive setting of the motor set speed have been eliminated;

S1中提到的生物质颗粒的成型密度判断条件为：在连续多个10S的采样周期内颗粒密度的测量值均大于1.18g/cm³(预设颗粒密度最小标准)；The conditions for judging the molding density of biomass particles mentioned in S1 are: the measured values of the particle density are all greater than 1.18g/cm³ (preset minimum standard for particle density) in multiple consecutive 10S sampling periods;

基于生物质颗粒的成型密度的预设故障原因判断包括电机转速设置过低故障、物料不足或绞龙阻塞故障、传动皮带或轴承故障、压辊间隙设置过小故障、模孔过度磨损失效故障；The preset failure cause judgment based on the molding density of biomass particles includes the failure of the motor speed setting too low, insufficient material or auger blockage, transmission belt or bearing failure, too small pressure roller gap setting failure, and excessive wear failure of the die hole;

其中，电机转速设置过低故障判断条件包括：在连续多个30S的采样周期内生产速率的测量值均下降至2000kg/h，且在连续多个10S的采样周期内电机转速的测量值均小于160r/min(电机设定转速最小值)；Among them, the motor speed setting is too low fault judgment conditions include: the measured value of the production rate drops to 2000kg/h in multiple consecutive sampling periods of 30S, and the measured value of the motor speed is less than 160r/min (minimum motor speed setting);

物料不足或绞龙阻塞故障判断条件包括：在连续多个30S的采样周期内生产速率的测量值均下降至2000kg/h，并且在连续多个10S的采样周期内电机实际转速的测量值均大于160r/min(电机设定转速最小值)，同时在连续多个5S的采样周期内物料均未能正确下落；Judgment conditions for material shortage or auger blockage failure include: the measured value of the production rate drops to 2000kg/h in multiple consecutive sampling periods of 30S, and the measured value of the actual motor speed is greater than 160r/min (the minimum value of the motor’s set speed), and at the same time, the material failed to fall correctly during multiple consecutive 5S sampling periods;

传动皮带或轴承故障判断条件包括：在连续多个30S的采样周期内生产速率的测量值均下降至2000kg/h，并且排除了电机转速设置过低故障、物料不足或绞龙阻塞故障；The conditions for judging the failure of the transmission belt or bearing include: the measured value of the production rate drops to 2000kg/h in multiple consecutive sampling periods of 30S, and the failure of the motor speed setting is too low, the material is insufficient or the auger is blocked;

压辊间隙设置过小故障判断条件包括：在连续多个30S的采样周期内生产速率的测量值均高于2000kg/h，且在连续多个10S的采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均小于6000N(预设环模模孔内面正压力最小值)；The judgment conditions for the failure of the pressure roller gap setting are too small include: the measured value of the production rate is higher than 2000kg/h in multiple consecutive sampling periods of 30S, and the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole in the continuous sampling period of multiple 10S The measured values are all less than 6000N (minimum positive pressure on the inner surface of the preset ring die hole);

模孔过度磨损失效故障判断条件包括：在连续多个30S的采样周期内生产速率的测量值均高于2000kg/h，且在连续多个10S的采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于预设环模模孔内面正压力最小值6000N(预设环模模孔内面正压力最小值)；The failure judgment conditions of excessive wear of the die hole include: the measured value of the production rate is higher than 2000kg/h in multiple consecutive sampling periods of 30S, and the measurement of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole in the continuous sampling cycle of multiple 10S The values are greater than the minimum positive pressure on the inner surface of the preset ring die hole 6000N (the minimum positive pressure on the inner surface of the preset ring die hole);

S1中提到的基于生物质颗粒的成型密度的预设故障原因判断包括：主电机与刮刀电机转速设置不匹配以及刮刀磨损；The preset failure cause judgment based on the molding density of biomass particles mentioned in S1 includes: the speed settings of the main motor and the scraper motor do not match and the scraper is worn;

其中，主电机与刮刀电机转速设置不匹配故障判断条件包括：在连续两个采样周期内生物质颗粒的长径比均不在区间(4.5，5.5)内；Among them, the main motor and the scraper motor speed settings do not match the fault judgment conditions include: the aspect ratio of the biomass particles is not in the interval (4.5, 5.5) in two consecutive sampling periods;

刮刀磨损故障判断条件包括：在连续两个采样周期内生物质颗粒的端面切口出现斜口或不规则切口；The conditions for judging the scraper wear failure include: oblique or irregular cuts appear on the end face cuts of biomass particles within two consecutive sampling periods;

S1中提到的生物质颗粒机的能耗参数判断条件为：在连续多个10S的采样周期内生物质颗粒机的总电流是否超过55A(机器电流最大标准)；The judgment condition of the energy consumption parameters of the biomass pellet machine mentioned in S1 is: whether the total current of the biomass pellet machine exceeds 55A (the maximum standard of the machine current) in a continuous multiple 10S sampling period;

基于生物质颗粒机的能耗参数的预设故障原因判断包括环模下层粉料沉积板结故障、传动装置损坏故障、挤压速度设定过低故障、压辊间隙设置过大故障、杂质过多阻塞故障；The preset failure cause judgment based on the energy consumption parameters of the biomass pellet machine includes the failure of powder deposition and compaction in the lower layer of the ring die, the failure of the transmission device, the failure of the extrusion speed setting too low, the failure of the pressure roller gap setting too large, and the excessive impurities blocking fault;

其中，环模下层粉料沉积板结故障判断条件包括：在连续多个5S的采样周期内生物质颗粒的密度均大于1.18g/cm³(预设颗粒密度最大标准)，同时在连续多个10S的采样周期内电机实际转速的测量值均大于160r/min(电机设定转速最小值)，且在连续多个30S的采样周期内生物质颗粒机的生产速率均小于2000kg/h；Among them, the conditions for judging the compaction failure of powder deposition in the lower layer of the ring die include: the density of biomass particles is greater than 1.18g/cm³ (the preset maximum particle density standard) within a continuous sampling period of 5S; The measured values of the actual speed of the motor in the sampling period are all greater than 160r/min (the minimum set speed of the motor), and the production rate of the biomass pellet machine is less than 2000kg/h in consecutive sampling periods of 30S;

传动装置损坏故障判断条件包括：在连续多个5S的采样周期内生物质颗粒的密度均大于1.18g/cm³(预设颗粒密度最大标准)，同时在连续多个10S的采样周期内电机设定转速的测量值均大于160r/min(电机设定转速最小值)，在连续多个30S的采样周期内生物质颗粒机的生产速率均大于2000kg/h；The fault judgment conditions for transmission device damage include: the density of biomass particles is greater than 1.18g/cm³ (the preset maximum particle density standard) within multiple consecutive sampling periods of 5S; The measured values of the fixed speed are all greater than 160r/min (the minimum value of the set speed of the motor), and the production rate of the biomass pellet machine is greater than 2000kg/h in consecutive multiple 30S sampling periods;

挤压速度设定过低故障判断条件包括：在连续多个5S的采样周期内生物质颗粒的密度均大于1.18g/cm³(预设颗粒密度最大标准)，且在连续多个10S的采样周期内电机转速的测量值均小于160r/min(电机设定转速最小值)；Extrusion speed setting is too low. Fault judgment conditions include: the density of biomass particles is greater than 1.18g/cm³ (the preset maximum particle density standard) during multiple consecutive 5S sampling periods, and The measured value of the motor speed in the cycle is less than 160r/min (the minimum value of the motor set speed);

压辊间隙设置过大故障判断条件包括：在连续多个5S的采样周期内生物质颗粒的密度均小于1.18g/cm³(预设颗粒密度最大标准)，且在连续多个10S的采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于18000N(预设环模模孔内面正压力最大值)；The fault judgment conditions when the pressure roller gap is set too large include: the density of biomass particles is less than 1.18g/cm³ (the preset maximum particle density standard) during multiple consecutive 5S sampling periods, and The measured values of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the inner ring die hole are all greater than 18000N (the maximum positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole is preset);

杂质过多阻塞故障判断条件包括：在连续多个5S的采样周期内质颗粒的密度均小于1.18g/cm³(预设颗粒密度最大标准)，且在连续多个10S的采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均小于18000N(预设环模模孔内面正压力最大值)；Judgment conditions for excessive impurity blocking faults include: the density of endoplasmic particles is less than 1.18g/cm³ (the preset maximum particle density standard) during multiple consecutive sampling periods of 5S, and the ring mold The measured values of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the die hole are all less than 18000N (the maximum positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole is preset);

S1中提到的生物质颗粒碳化度参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The collection of carbonization degree parameters of biomass particles mentioned in S1 specifically includes the following steps:

A1、通过固定安装于生物质颗粒机本体落料区的碳化深度传感器测量生物质颗粒表面碳化度；A1. Measure the degree of carbonization on the surface of biomass particles through the carbonization depth sensor fixedly installed in the blanking area of the biomass pellet machine body;

A2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据A1中碳化深度传感器实时获取生物质颗粒表面碳化度；A2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the carbonization degree of the biomass pellet surface in real time according to the carbonization depth sensor in A1;

S1中提到的生物质颗粒机能耗参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The collection of energy consumption parameters of the biomass pellet machine mentioned in S1 specifically includes the following steps:

B1、通过安装于电气柜内的交流互感器测量生物质颗粒机的运行电流；B1. Measure the operating current of the biomass pellet machine through the AC transformer installed in the electrical cabinet;

B2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据B1中交流互感器实时获取生物质颗粒机的运行电流信息；B2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the operating current information of the biomass pellet machine in real time according to the AC transformer in B1;

S2、判断所采集到的故障监控参数是否满足预设故障原因判断条件；S2. Judging whether the collected fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault cause judgment conditions;

S3、当S2中所采集到的故障监控参数满足预设故障原因判断条件时，据此确定故障类型，获取、输出并保存预设时段的运行状态信息，并开始判断故障原因；S3. When the fault monitoring parameters collected in S2 meet the preset fault cause judgment conditions, determine the fault type accordingly, acquire, output and save the operation status information of the preset time period, and start to judge the fault cause;

S4、确定故障类型后，采集生物质颗粒机故障原因监控参数，故障原因监控参数包括环模温度、环模模孔内面正压力、主电机转速、生产能耗、生产速率，以及生物质颗粒成型密度、长径比和切面形状；S4. After determining the type of failure, collect the monitoring parameters of the cause of the failure of the biomass pellet machine. The monitoring parameters of the cause of the failure include the temperature of the ring die, the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole, the speed of the main motor, the production energy consumption, the production rate, and the formation of biomass particles Density, aspect ratio and cut shape;

S4中提到的环模温度参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The collection of ring die temperature parameters mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:

C1、通过固定镶入在环模内壁的温度传感器的AT探头采集环模内壁温度；C1. Collect the temperature of the inner wall of the ring die through the AT probe fixedly embedded in the temperature sensor on the inner wall of the ring die;

C2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，将C1中温度传感器实时获取的环模内壁温度信息；C2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, the temperature information of the inner wall of the ring die obtained by the temperature sensor in C1 in real time;

S4中提到的环模模孔内面正压力参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The collection of positive pressure parameters on the inner surface of the ring die hole mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:

D1、通过固定安装于环模贯穿孔间的环体内壁的压力传感器采集环模孔内壁内面正压力；D1. Collect the positive pressure on the inner wall of the ring die hole through the pressure sensor fixedly installed on the ring inner wall between the through holes of the ring die;

D2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据D1中压力传感器实时获取的环模孔内壁内面正压力信息；D2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, the positive pressure information on the inner surface of the inner wall of the ring die hole is obtained in real time according to the pressure sensor in D1;

S4中提到的主电机转速参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The acquisition of the main motor speed parameter mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:

E1、通过固定安装于电机内的编码器采集电机实际转速；E1. Acquire the actual speed of the motor through the encoder fixedly installed in the motor;

E2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据E1中编码器实时获取电机实际转速信息；E2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the actual speed information of the motor in real time according to the encoder in E1;

S4中提到的生物质颗粒长径比参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The collection of biomass particle aspect ratio parameters mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:

F1、通过工业相机采集生物质颗粒成品图片，并将图像传输给工控机；F1. Collect pictures of finished biomass particles through industrial cameras, and transmit the images to industrial computers;

F2、通过工控机识别测量生物质颗粒的长度r与直径s；F2. Identify and measure the length r and diameter s of biomass particles through industrial computer;

F3、计算生物质颗粒的长径比ρ，其计算公式如下：F3, calculate the aspect ratio ρ of biomass particles, its calculation formula is as follows:

F4、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据工控机的测量结果实时获取生物质颗粒长径比；F4. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the aspect ratio of biomass pellets in real time according to the measurement results of the industrial computer;

S4中提到的生物质颗粒端面切口形状参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The collection of shape parameters of the end face of the biomass particles mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:

G1、通过工业相机采集生物质颗粒端面切口图片，并将图像传输给工控机；G1. Collect the picture of the incision of the end face of the biomass particle through the industrial camera, and transmit the picture to the industrial computer;

G2、通过工控机识别测量生物质颗粒的端面切口形状；G2. Identify and measure the shape of the end face incision of the biomass particles through the industrial computer;

G3、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据工控机的识别结果实时获取生物质颗粒端面切口平整度；G3. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the flatness of the end face of the biomass pellet in real time according to the identification result of the industrial computer;

S5、判断S4中所采集到的故障原因监控参数是否满足预设故障原因判断条件，确定具体故障原因，获取、输出并保存预设时段的运行状态信息。S5. Judging whether the fault cause monitoring parameters collected in S4 meet the preset fault cause judging conditions, determining the specific fault cause, acquiring, outputting and saving the operation status information of the preset time period.

实施例3：Example 3:

请参阅图1-5，基于实施例1-2但有所不同之处在于，Please refer to Figure 1-5, based on Example 1-2 but different in that,

一种生物质颗粒机故障检测方法的流程图，其检测方法包含以下步骤：A flowchart of a fault detection method for a biomass pellet machine, the detection method comprising the following steps:

S101：采集生物质颗粒机故障监控参数；上述故障监控参数包括生物质颗粒表面碳化度、生物质颗粒的成型密度、生物质颗粒的外形尺寸和生物质颗粒机的能耗参数；S101: Collect failure monitoring parameters of the biomass pellet machine; the above fault monitoring parameters include the degree of carbonization of the surface of the biomass pellets, the molding density of the biomass pellets, the external dimensions of the biomass pellets, and the energy consumption parameters of the biomass pellet machine;

S102：判断故障监控参数是否满足预设故障判断条件；S102: judging whether the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault judging conditions;

S103：当故障监控参数满足预设故障判断条件时，确定故障类型，获取、输出并保存预设时段的运行状态信息，并开始判断故障原因。S103: When the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault judgment conditions, determine the fault type, acquire, output and save the operation status information of the preset time period, and start to judge the cause of the fault.

S104：采集生物质颗粒机故障原因监控参数；上述故障监控参数包括生物质颗粒表面碳化度、生物质颗粒的成型密度、生物质颗粒的外形尺寸和生物质颗粒机的能耗参数；S104: Collect monitoring parameters for the cause of the failure of the biomass pellet machine; the above-mentioned failure monitoring parameters include the degree of carbonization of the surface of the biomass particles, the molding density of the biomass particles, the external dimensions of the biomass particles, and the energy consumption parameters of the biomass pellet machine;

S105：判断故障故障原因监控参数是否满足预设故障原因判断条件，确定故障原因，获取、输出并保存预设时段的运行状态信息，并开始判断故障原因。S105: Determine whether the fault cause monitoring parameters meet the preset fault cause judgment conditions, determine the fault cause, acquire, output and save the operation status information of the preset period, and start to judge the fault cause.

S106：上述预设时段的运行状态信息，可通过工业总线(如工业以太网总线)形式，运用无线网络输出到远程服务器予以保存，用于进一步的故障分析和定位。S106: The operation status information of the above-mentioned preset period can be output to a remote server for storage through an industrial bus (such as an industrial Ethernet bus) and a wireless network, for further fault analysis and location.

S107：从上述技术方案可以看出，本申请实施例公开的生物质颗粒机故障检测方法通过对生物质颗粒机的故障监控参数进行采集，并根据预设故障判断条件对采集到的当前故障监控参数进行判断，当故障监控参数满足预设故障条件时，通过对生物质颗粒机的故障原因监控参数进行采集，确定当前的故障类型及原因，同时将相关时段的运行状态信息获取、输出并保存，使得相关设备或技术人员可通过分析这些运行状态信息来对故障进行准确定位、进而可快速采取相应的措施排除故障。因此，本发明实施例解决了现有技术的问题。S107: From the above technical solutions, it can be seen that the biomass pellet machine failure detection method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application collects the fault monitoring parameters of the biomass pellet machine, and monitors the collected current faults according to the preset fault judgment conditions When the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault conditions, the current fault type and cause are determined by collecting the fault cause monitoring parameters of the biomass pellet machine. , so that relevant equipment or technicians can accurately locate the fault by analyzing the operating status information, and then quickly take corresponding measures to eliminate the fault. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention solve the problems of the prior art.

S108：实际应用中，生物质颗粒机可能存在的故障包括生物质颗粒表面碳化、生物质颗粒的成型松散、生物质颗粒的外形尺寸故障和生物质颗粒机能耗异常增大故障，均可通过本申请实施例进行检测。S108: In actual application, the possible faults of the biomass pellet machine include carbonization of the surface of biomass pellets, loose shape of biomass pellets, faults in the shape and size of biomass pellets, and abnormal increase in energy consumption of biomass pellet machines. Apply for the embodiment to detect.

图2为本申请实施例二公开的一种生物质颗粒机故障检测方法的流程图。FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a biomass pellet machine failure detection method disclosed in Embodiment 2 of the present application.

如图2所示，本实施例二公开的生物质颗粒机故障检测方法包括如下步骤：As shown in Figure 2, the biomass pellet machine failure detection method disclosed in the second embodiment includes the following steps:

S201：周期性采集生物质颗粒的表面碳化度，采集方法为周期采样，采样周期优选500ms。S201: periodically collect the surface carbonization degree of the biomass particles, the collection method is periodic sampling, and the sampling period is preferably 500ms.

S202：生物质颗粒表面碳化判断条件包括：在连续多个1min的采样周期内环模温度的测量值均大于10％(预设碳化值)；S202: The conditions for judging the carbonization of the biomass particle surface include: the measured values of the temperature of the ring die are all greater than 10% (preset carbonization value) within a plurality of consecutive sampling periods of 1 min;

举例来说，根据实际应用情况，设定采集周期为500ms，预设连续采样周期为100ms；For example, according to the actual application situation, set the acquisition period to 500ms, and the default continuous sampling period to 100ms;

S203：当故障监控参数满足预设故障判断条件时，确定故障类型，获取、输出并保存预设时段的运行状态信息，并开始判断故障原因。故障原因包括有：环模模孔堵塞故障、压辊间隙参数设置过大故障、电机转速设置过大故障、原料含水率参数设置过大；S203: When the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault judgment conditions, determine the fault type, acquire, output and save the operation status information of the preset time period, and start to judge the cause of the fault. The reasons for the failure include: the blockage of the ring die hole, the excessive setting of the pressure roller gap parameter, the excessive setting of the motor speed, and the excessive setting of the moisture content parameter of the raw material;

环模模孔堵塞故障判断条件包括：在连续多个30S的采样周期内环模温度的测量值均大于160℃(预设温度最大值)，且在连续多个30S的采样周期内生产速率的测量值均下降至2000kg/h；The conditions for judging the blockage of the ring die hole include: the measured value of the ring die temperature is greater than 160°C (the maximum value of the preset temperature) within a plurality of consecutive 30S sampling periods, and the production rate is reduced within a plurality of continuous 30S sampling periods. The measured values all dropped to 2000kg/h;

压辊间隙参数设置过大故障判断条件包括：1.在连续多个30S的采样周期内环模温度的测量值均小于160℃(预设温度最大值)，且在连续多个10S的采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于18000N(预设环模模孔内面正压力最大值)，其中Z为正整数；2.在连续多个30S的采样周期内环模温度的测量值均大于160℃(预设温度最大值)，同时在连续多个30S的采样周期内生产速率的测量值均下降至2000kg/h，且在连续多个10S的采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于18000N(预设环模模孔内面正压力最大值)；The fault judgment conditions when the pressure roller gap parameter setting is too large include: 1. The measured values of the ring die temperature are all less than 160°C (the maximum value of the preset temperature) within multiple consecutive sampling periods of 30S, and The measured values of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the inner ring die hole are all greater than 18000N (the maximum value of the preset positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole), where Z is a positive integer; 2. Measurement of the temperature of the ring die in a continuous sampling period of 30S The values are all greater than 160°C (the maximum value of the preset temperature), and at the same time, the measured values of the production rate drop to 2000kg/h in the continuous sampling period of 30S, and the inner surface of the ring die hole in the continuous sampling period of 10S The measured values of the positive pressure are all greater than 18000N (the maximum value of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the preset ring die hole);

电机转速设置过大故障判断条件包括：在排除模孔堵塞故障和压辊间隙参数设置过大故障后，在连续多个10S的采样周期内电机转速的测量值均大于220r/min(电机设定转速最大值)；The fault judging conditions for excessive motor speed setting include: after eliminating the fault of die hole clogging and pressure roller gap parameter setting fault, the measured value of motor speed is greater than 220r/min in consecutive sampling periods of 10S (motor setting speed max);

原料含水率参数设置过大故障判断条件包括：排除了包括模孔堵塞故障、压辊间隙参数设置过大故障和电机转速设置过大故障；The judgment conditions for the failure of the parameter setting of the moisture content of the raw material are too large include: the faults including the clogging of the die hole, the failure of the setting of the pressure roller gap parameter being too large and the failure of the motor speed setting being too large have been eliminated;

当故障监控参数满足预设故障原因判断条件时，确定当前故障类型，获取、输出并保存预设时段的运行状态信息。When the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault cause judgment conditions, the current fault type is determined, and the operation status information of the preset period is acquired, output and saved.

图3为本申请实施例二公开的一种生物质颗粒机故障检测方法的流程图。FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a biomass pellet machine failure detection method disclosed in Embodiment 2 of the present application.

如图3所示，本实施例二公开的生物质颗粒机故障检测方法包括如下步骤：As shown in Figure 3, the biomass pellet machine failure detection method disclosed in the second embodiment includes the following steps:

S301：周期性采集生物质颗粒的成型密度，采集方法为周期采样，采样周期优选250ms。S301: periodically collect the molding density of the biomass particles, the collection method is periodic sampling, and the sampling period is preferably 250ms.

S302：颗粒松散判断条件包括：在连续β个采样周期内环模温度的测量值均大于10％(预设碳化值)；S302: The conditions for judging loose particles include: the measured values of the ring mold temperature are all greater than 10% (preset carbonization value) within β consecutive sampling periods;

举例来说，根据实际应用情况，设定采集周期为250ms，预设连续采样周期为100ms；For example, according to the actual application situation, set the acquisition period to 250ms, and the preset continuous sampling period to 100ms;

S303：当故障监控参数满足预设故障判断条件时，确定故障类型，获取、输出并保存预设时段的运行状态信息，并开始判断故障原因。故障原因包括有：电机转速设置过低故障、物料不足或绞龙阻塞故障、传动皮带或轴承故障、压辊间隙设置过小故障、模孔过度磨损失效故障；S303: When the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault judgment conditions, determine the fault type, acquire, output and save the operation status information of the preset time period, and start to judge the cause of the fault. Causes of failure include: motor speed setting is too low, material shortage or auger blockage, transmission belt or bearing failure, pressure roller clearance setting is too small, die hole excessive wear failure failure;

电机转速设置过低故障判断条件包括：在连续多个30S的采样周期内生产速率的测量值均下降至2000kg/h，且在连续多个10S的采样周期内电机转速的测量值均小于220r/min(电机设定转速最大值)；The motor speed setting is too low fault judgment conditions include: the measured value of the production rate drops to 2000kg/h in multiple consecutive sampling periods of 30S, and the measured value of the motor speed is less than 220r/h in multiple consecutive sampling cycles of 10S min (maximum motor speed setting);

物料不足或绞龙阻塞故障判断条件包括：在连续多个30S的采样周期内生产速率的测量值均下降至2000kg/h，并且在连续多个10S的采样周期内电机转速的测量值均大于220r/min(电机设定转速最大值)，同时在连续多个5S的采样周期内物料均未能正确下落；Judgment conditions for material shortage or auger blockage failure include: the measured value of the production rate drops to 2000kg/h in multiple consecutive sampling periods of 30S, and the measured value of the motor speed is greater than 220r in multiple consecutive sampling periods of 10S /min (maximum motor speed setting), and at the same time, the material failed to fall correctly during multiple consecutive 5S sampling periods;

传动皮带或轴承故障判断条件包括：在连续多个30S的采样周期内生产速率的测量值均下降至2000kg/h，并且排除了电机转速设置过低故障、物料不足或绞龙阻塞故障；The conditions for judging the failure of the transmission belt or bearing include: the measured value of the production rate drops to 2000kg/h in multiple consecutive sampling periods of 30S, and the failure of the motor speed setting is too low, the material is insufficient or the auger is blocked;

压辊间隙设置过小故障判断条件包括：在连续多个30S的采样周期内生产速率的测量值均高于2000kg/h，且在连续多个10S的采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均小于6000N(预设环模模孔内面正压力最小值)；The judgment conditions for the failure of the pressure roller gap setting are too small include: the measured value of the production rate is higher than 2000kg/h in multiple consecutive sampling periods of 30S, and the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole in the continuous sampling period of multiple 10S The measured values are all less than 6000N (minimum positive pressure on the inner surface of the preset ring die hole);

模孔过度磨损失效故障判断条件包括：在连续多个30S的采样周期内生产速率的测量值均高于2000kg/h，且在连续多个10S的采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于6000N(预设环模模孔内面正压力最小值)；The failure judgment conditions of excessive wear of the die hole include: the measured value of the production rate is higher than 2000kg/h in multiple consecutive sampling periods of 30S, and the measurement of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole in the continuous sampling cycle of multiple 10S The values are all greater than 6000N (minimum positive pressure on the inner surface of the preset ring die hole);

当故障监控参数满足预设故障原因判断条件时，确定当前故障类型，获取、输出并保存预设时段的运行状态信息。When the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault cause judgment conditions, the current fault type is determined, and the operation status information of the preset period is acquired, output and saved.

图4为本申请实施例二公开的一种生物质颗粒机故障检测方法的流程图。Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a biomass pellet machine failure detection method disclosed in Embodiment 2 of the present application.

如图4所示，本实施例二公开的生物质颗粒机故障检测方法包括如下步骤：As shown in Figure 4, the biomass pellet machine failure detection method disclosed in the second embodiment includes the following steps:

S401：周期性采集生物质颗粒的外形尺寸，采集方法为周期采样，采样周期优选1秒。S401: periodically collect the external dimensions of the biomass particles, the collection method is periodic sampling, and the sampling period is preferably 1 second.

S402：生物质颗粒的外形尺寸判断条件包括：在连续β个采样周期内环模温度的测量值均大于10％(预设碳化值)；S402: The conditions for judging the external dimensions of biomass particles include: the measured values of the ring die temperature are all greater than 10% (preset carbonization value) within β consecutive sampling periods;

举例来说，根据实际应用情况，设定采集周期为250ms，预设连续采样周期为1秒；For example, according to the actual application situation, set the acquisition period to 250ms, and the default continuous sampling period to 1 second;

S403：当故障监控参数满足预设故障判断条件时，确定故障类型，获取、输出并保存预设时段的运行状态信息，并开始判断故障原因。故障原因包括有：主电机与刮刀电机转速设置不匹配和刮刀磨损；S403: When the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault judgment conditions, determine the fault type, acquire, output and save the operation status information of the preset time period, and start to judge the cause of the fault. The reasons for the failure include: the speed settings of the main motor and the scraper motor do not match and the scraper is worn;

主电机与刮刀电机转速设置不匹配故障判断条件包括：在连续两个采样周期内生物质颗粒的长径比均不在区间(4.5，5.5)内；The main motor and the scraper motor speed settings do not match the fault judgment conditions include: the aspect ratio of the biomass particles is not within the interval (4.5, 5.5) in two consecutive sampling periods;

刮刀磨损故障判断条件包括：在连续两个采样周期内生物质颗粒的端面切口出现斜口或不规则切口；The conditions for judging the scraper wear failure include: oblique or irregular cuts appear on the end face cuts of biomass particles within two consecutive sampling periods;

当故障监控参数满足预设故障原因判断条件时，确定当前故障类型，获取、输出并保存预设时段的运行状态信息。When the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault cause judgment conditions, the current fault type is determined, and the operation status information of the preset period is acquired, output and saved.

图5为本申请实施例二公开的一种生物质颗粒机故障检测方法的流程图。FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a biomass pellet machine failure detection method disclosed in Embodiment 2 of the present application.

如图5所示，本实施例二公开的生物质颗粒机故障检测方法包括如下步骤：As shown in Figure 5, the biomass pellet machine failure detection method disclosed in the second embodiment includes the following steps:

S501：周期性采集生物质颗粒机的能耗信息，采集方法为周期采样，采样周期优选1秒。S501: Periodically collect the energy consumption information of the biomass pellet machine, the collection method is periodic sampling, and the sampling period is preferably 1 second.

S502：生物质颗粒的外形尺寸判断条件包括：在连续多个10S的采样周期内环模温度的测量值均大于10％(预设碳化值)；S502: The conditions for judging the external dimensions of biomass particles include: the measured values of the temperature of the ring die are all greater than 10% (preset carbonization value) within a plurality of consecutive 10S sampling periods;

举例来说，根据实际应用情况，设定采集周期为250ms，预设连续采样周期为100ms；For example, according to the actual application situation, set the acquisition period to 250ms, and the preset continuous sampling period to 100ms;

S503：当故障监控参数满足预设故障判断条件时，确定故障类型，获取、输出并保存预设时段的运行状态信息，并开始判断故障原因。故障原因包括有：传动装置损坏故障、模孔堵塞故障、挤压速度设定过低故障、压辊间隙设置过大故障、杂质过多阻塞故障；S503: When the fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault judgment conditions, determine the fault type, acquire, output and save the operation status information of the preset time period, and start to judge the cause of the fault. Causes of failure include: transmission device damage, die hole clogging, extrusion speed setting too low, pressure roller gap setting too large, too much impurity blocking;

生物质颗粒机能耗异常增大判断条件包括：在连续多个10S的采样周期内生物质颗粒机的总电流是否超过55A(机器电流最大标准)；Judgment conditions for the abnormal increase in energy consumption of the biomass pellet machine include: whether the total current of the biomass pellet machine exceeds 55A (the maximum standard of the machine current) within multiple consecutive 10S sampling periods;

传动装置损坏故障判断条件包括：在连续多个5S的采样周期内生物质颗粒的密度均大于1.18g/cm³(预设颗粒密度最大标准)，同时在连续多个10S的采样周期内电机转速的测量值均大于220r/min(电机设定转速最大值)，且生物质颗粒切面面积未变小；The fault judgment conditions for transmission device damage include: the density of biomass particles is greater than 1.18g/cm³ (the preset maximum particle density standard) within multiple consecutive sampling periods of 5S, and the motor speed is within multiple consecutive sampling periods of 10S The measured values are all greater than 220r/min (the maximum set speed of the motor), and the cross-sectional area of the biomass particles has not become smaller;

模孔堵塞故障判断条件包括：在连续多个5S的采样周期内生物质颗粒的密度均大于1.18g/cm³(预设颗粒密度最大标准)，同时在连续多个10S的采样周期内电机转速的测量值均大于220r/min(电机设定转速最大值)，且生物质颗粒切面面积变小；The conditions for judging the fault of die hole blockage include: the density of biomass particles is greater than 1.18g/^cm3 (the preset maximum particle density standard) within multiple consecutive 5S sampling periods, and the motor speed is within multiple consecutive 10S sampling periods. The measured values are all greater than 220r/min (the maximum set speed of the motor), and the cross-sectional area of the biomass particles becomes smaller;

挤压速度设定过低故障判断条件包括：在连续多个5S的采样周期内生物质颗粒的密度均大于1.18g/cm³(预设颗粒密度最大标准)，且在连续多个10S的采样周期内电机转速的测量值均小于220r/min(电机设定转速最大值)；Extrusion speed setting is too low. Fault judgment conditions include: the density of biomass particles is greater than 1.18g/cm³ (the preset maximum particle density standard) during multiple consecutive 5S sampling periods, and The measured value of the motor speed in the cycle is less than 220r/min (the maximum value of the motor's set speed);

压辊间隙设置过大故障判断条件包括：在连续多个5S的采样周期内生物质颗粒的密度均小于1.18g/cm³(预设颗粒密度最大标准)，且在连续多个10S的采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于18000N(预设环模模孔内面正压力最大值)；The fault judgment conditions when the pressure roller gap is set too large include: the density of biomass particles is less than 1.18g/cm³ (the preset maximum particle density standard) during multiple consecutive 5S sampling periods, and The measured values of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the inner ring die hole are all greater than 18000N (the maximum positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole is preset);

杂质过多阻塞故障判断条件包括：在连续多个5S的采样周期内质颗粒的密度均小于1.18g/cm³(预设颗粒密度最大标准)，且在连续多个10S的采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均小于18000N(预设环模模孔内面正压力最大值)。Judgment conditions for excessive impurity blocking faults include: the density of endoplasmic particles is less than 1.18g/cm³ (the preset maximum particle density standard) during multiple consecutive sampling periods of 5S, and the ring mold The measured values of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the die hole are all less than 18000N (the maximum positive pressure on the inner surface of the preset ring die hole).

以上，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Anyone familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, according to the technical solutions of the present invention and its Any equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concept shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法，其特征在于，具体包括以下步骤：1. A method for fault diagnosis of a biomass pellet machine, characterized in that, specifically comprising the following steps:S1、采集生物质颗粒机的故障监控参数，所采集的故障监控参数包括：S1. Collect the fault monitoring parameters of the biomass pellet machine. The collected fault monitoring parameters include:①生物质颗粒表面碳化度，其判断条件为：在连续ɑ个采样周期内环模温度的测量值均大于预设碳化值L；①The degree of carbonization on the surface of biomass particles, the judging condition is: the measured values of the ring die temperature are greater than the preset carbonization value L in consecutive ɑ sampling periods;基于生物质颗粒表面碳化度的预设故障原因判断包括环模模孔堵塞故障、压辊间隙参数设置过大故障、电机转速设置过大故障、原料含水率参数设置过大故障；The preset failure cause judgment based on the degree of carbonization on the surface of biomass particles includes the failure of the ring die hole blockage, the failure of the roller gap parameter setting is too large, the motor speed setting is too large, and the raw material moisture content parameter setting is too large;其中，所述环模模孔堵塞故障判断条件包括：在连续X个采样周期内环模温度的测量值均大于预设温度最大值a，且在连续Y个采样周期内生产速率的测量值均下降至b，其中X，Y为正整数；Wherein, the conditions for judging the failure of the ring die hole blockage include: the measured values of the ring die temperature are greater than the preset temperature maximum a in consecutive X sampling periods, and the measured values of the production rate are all greater than the preset temperature in continuous Y sampling periods. Descending to b, where X, Y are positive integers;所述压辊间隙参数设置过大故障判断条件包括：The fault judgment conditions that the pressure roller gap parameter setting is too large include:1）在连续X个采样周期内环模温度的测量值均小于预设温度最大值a，且在连续Z个采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于预设环模模孔内面正压力最大值c，其中Z为正整数；1) The measured values of the ring die temperature are less than the preset maximum temperature a in consecutive X sampling periods, and the measured values of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole are greater than the preset ring die holes in the continuous Z sampling cycles The maximum positive pressure c on the inner surface, where Z is a positive integer;2）在连续X个采样周期内环模温度的测量值均大于预设温度最大值a，同时在连续Y个采样周期内生产速率的测量值均下降至b，且在连续Z个采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于预设环模模孔内面正压力最大值c；2) The measured values of the ring die temperature are greater than the preset maximum temperature a in consecutive X sampling cycles, and the measured values of the production rate drop to b in consecutive Y sampling cycles, and within Z consecutive sampling cycles The measured values of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole are all greater than the preset maximum positive pressure c on the inner surface of the ring die hole;所述电机转速设置过大故障判断条件包括：在排除模孔堵塞故障和压辊间隙参数设置过大故障后，在连续M个采样周期内电机转速的测量值均大于电机转速最大值d，其中M为正整数；The motor speed is set too large fault judgment conditions include: after eliminating the die hole clogging fault and roller gap parameter setting too large fault, the measured values of the motor speed are greater than the maximum value of the motor speed d in consecutive M sampling periods, where M is a positive integer;所述原料含水率参数设置过大故障判断条件包括：排除了包括模孔堵塞故障、压辊间隙参数设置过大故障和电机转速设置过大故障；The conditions for judging the fault that the moisture content parameter of the raw material is set too large include: faults including die hole clogging, faults that are set too large for the pressure roller gap parameter, and faults that are set too high for the motor speed are excluded;②生物质颗粒的成型密度，其判断条件为：在连续β个采样周期内环模温度的测量值均大于预设碳化值j；②For the molding density of biomass particles, the judging condition is: the measured values of the ring die temperature are greater than the preset carbonization value j in consecutive β sampling periods;基于生物质颗粒的成型密度的预设故障原因判断包括电机转速设置过低故障、物料不足或绞龙阻塞故障、传动皮带或轴承故障、压辊间隙设置过小故障、模孔过度磨损失效故障；The preset failure cause judgment based on the molding density of biomass particles includes the failure of the motor speed setting too low, insufficient material or auger blockage, transmission belt or bearing failure, too small pressure roller gap setting failure, and excessive wear failure of the die hole;其中，所述电机转速设置过低故障判断条件包括：在连续Y个采样周期内所述生产速率的测量值均下降至b，且在连续M个采样周期内电机转速的测量值均小于e；Wherein, the motor speed is set too low and the fault judgment condition includes: the measured values of the production rate all drop to b in consecutive Y sampling cycles, and the measured values of the motor speed in consecutive M sampling cycles are all less than e;所述物料不足或绞龙阻塞故障判断条件包括：在连续Y个采样周期内生产速率的测量值均下降至b，并且在连续M个采样周期内电机转速的测量值均大于e，同时在连续L个采样周期内物料均未能正确下落，其中L为正整数；The conditions for judging the lack of material or the blocking failure of the auger include: the measured value of the production rate drops to b in consecutive Y sampling periods, and the measured value of the motor speed is greater than e in consecutive M sampling periods. The material fails to fall correctly during L sampling periods, where L is a positive integer;所述传动皮带或轴承故障判断条件包括：在连续Y个采样周期内生产速率的测量值均下降至b，并且排除了电机转速设置过低故障、物料不足或绞龙阻塞故障；The conditions for judging the transmission belt or bearing failure include: the measured value of the production rate drops to b in consecutive Y sampling periods, and the failure of the motor speed setting is too low, the lack of material or the auger blocking failure;所述压辊间隙设置过小故障判断条件包括：在连续两Y个采样周期内生产速率的测量值均高于b，且在连续Z个采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均小于预设环模模孔内面正压力最小值f；The fault judgment condition that the pressure roller gap is set too small includes: the measured value of the production rate in two consecutive Y sampling periods is higher than b, and the measured value of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole in the continuous Z sampling period is equal to Less than the minimum positive pressure f on the inner surface of the preset ring die hole;所述模孔过度磨损失效故障判断条件包括：在连续Y个采样周期内生产速率的测量值均高于b，且在连续Z个采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于预设环模模孔内面正压力最小值f；The failure judgment condition of the excessive wear of the die hole includes: the measured value of the production rate is higher than b in consecutive Y sampling cycles, and the measured value of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die die hole is greater than the preset value in the continuous Z sampling cycle Set the minimum positive pressure f on the inner surface of the ring die hole;③生物质颗粒的外形尺寸，其判断条件为：主电机与刮刀电机转速设置不匹配以及刮刀磨损；③ The external dimensions of biomass particles, the judgment conditions are: the speed settings of the main motor and the scraper motor do not match and the scraper is worn;其中，所述主电机与刮刀电机转速设置不匹配故障判断条件包括：在连续两个采样周期内生物质颗粒的长径比均不在区间（H，I）内；Wherein, the failure judgment condition of the speed setting mismatch between the main motor and the scraper motor includes: the length-to-diameter ratio of the biomass particles is not within the interval (H, I) in two consecutive sampling periods;所述刮刀磨损故障判断条件包括：在连续两个采样周期内生物质颗粒的端面切口出现斜口或不规则切口；The conditions for judging the scraper wear failure include: oblique or irregular cuts appear on the end face cuts of the biomass particles within two consecutive sampling periods;④生物质颗粒机的能耗参数，其判断条件为：在连续γ个采样周期内所述生物质颗粒机的总电流是否超过最大标准k；④ The energy consumption parameters of the biomass pellet machine, the judgment condition is: whether the total current of the biomass pellet machine exceeds the maximum standard k in consecutive γ sampling periods;基于生物质颗粒机的能耗参数的预设故障原因判断包括传动装置损坏故障、模孔堵塞故障、挤压速度设定过低故障、压辊间隙设置过大故障、杂质过多阻塞故障；The preset failure cause judgment based on the energy consumption parameters of the biomass pellet machine includes the failure of the transmission device damage, the clogging of the die hole, the failure of the extrusion speed setting too low, the setting of the pressure roller gap is too large, and the failure of excessive impurities;其中，所述传动装置损坏故障判断条件包括：在连续N个采样周期内生物质颗粒的密度均大于最大标准g，同时在连续M个采样周期内电机转速的测量值均大于e，且生物质颗粒切面面积未变小；Wherein, the conditions for judging the failure of the transmission device include: the density of biomass particles is greater than the maximum standard g in consecutive N sampling periods, and the measured values of the motor speed are greater than e in consecutive M sampling periods, and the biomass The sectional area of the particles does not become smaller;所述模孔堵塞故障判断条件包括：在连续N个采样周期内生物质颗粒的密度均大于最大标准g，同时在连续M个采样周期内电机转速的测量值均大于e，且生物质颗粒切面面积变小；The conditions for judging the die hole blockage failure include: the density of the biomass particles is greater than the maximum standard g in consecutive N sampling periods, and the measured values of the motor speed are greater than e in consecutive M sampling periods, and the cut surface of the biomass particles The area becomes smaller;所述挤压速度设定过低故障判断条件包括：在连续N个采样周期内生物质颗粒的密度均大于最大标准g，且在连续M个采样周期内电机转速的测量值均小于e；The failure judgment condition for setting the extrusion speed too low includes: the density of the biomass particles is greater than the maximum standard g in consecutive N sampling periods, and the measured value of the motor speed is less than e in consecutive M sampling periods;所述压辊间隙设置过大故障判断条件包括：在连续N个采样周期内生物质颗粒的密度均小于最大标准g，且在连续Z个采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均大于c；The fault judgment condition that the pressure roller gap is set too large includes: the density of the biomass particles is less than the maximum standard g in consecutive N sampling periods, and the measured value of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole in the continuous Z sampling periods is equal to greater than c;所述杂质过多阻塞故障判断条件包括：在连续N个采样周期内生物质颗粒的密度均小于最大标准g，且在连续Z个采样周期内环模模孔内面正压力的测量值均小于c；The conditions for judging the failure of too much impurity blockage include: the density of biomass particles is less than the maximum standard g in consecutive N sampling periods, and the measured values of the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole in continuous Z sampling periods are all less than c ;S2、判断所采集到的故障监控参数是否满足预设故障原因判断条件；S2. Judging whether the collected fault monitoring parameters meet the preset fault cause judgment conditions;S3、当S2中所采集到的故障监控参数满足预设故障原因判断条件时，据此确定故障类型，获取、输出并保存预设时段的运行状态信息，并开始判断故障原因；S3. When the fault monitoring parameters collected in S2 meet the preset fault cause judgment conditions, determine the fault type accordingly, acquire, output and save the operation status information of the preset time period, and start to judge the fault cause;S4、确定故障类型后，采集生物质颗粒机故障原因监控参数，故障原因监控参数包括环模温度、环模模孔内面正压力、主电机转速、生产能耗、生产速率，以及生物质颗粒成型密度、长径比和切面形状；S4. After determining the type of failure, collect the monitoring parameters of the cause of the failure of the biomass pellet machine. The monitoring parameters of the cause of the failure include the temperature of the ring die, the positive pressure on the inner surface of the ring die hole, the speed of the main motor, the production energy consumption, the production rate, and the formation of biomass particles Density, aspect ratio and cut shape;S5、判断S4中所采集到的故障原因监控参数是否满足预设故障原因判断条件，确定具体故障原因，获取、输出并保存预设时段的运行状态信息。S5. Judging whether the fault cause monitoring parameters collected in S4 meet the preset fault cause judging conditions, determining the specific fault cause, acquiring, outputting and saving the operation status information of the preset time period.2.根据权利要求1所述的一种生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法，其特征在于，所述S1中提到的生物质颗粒碳化度参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：2. A kind of biomass granulator fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the parameter collection of carbonization degree of biomass granules mentioned in the said S1 specifically comprises the following steps:A1、通过固定安装于生物质颗粒机本体落料区的碳化深度传感器测量生物质颗粒表面碳化度；A1. Measure the degree of carbonization on the surface of biomass particles through the carbonization depth sensor fixedly installed in the blanking area of the biomass pellet machine body;A2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据A1中碳化深度传感器实时获取生物质颗粒表面碳化度；A2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the carbonization degree of the biomass pellet surface in real time according to the carbonization depth sensor in A1;所述S1中提到的生物质颗粒机能耗参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The collection of energy consumption parameters of the biomass pellet machine mentioned in S1 specifically includes the following steps:B1、通过安装于电气柜内的交流互感器测量生物质颗粒机的运行电流；B1. Measure the operating current of the biomass pellet machine through the AC transformer installed in the electrical cabinet;B2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据B1中交流互感器实时获取生物质颗粒机的运行电流信息。B2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the operating current information of the biomass pellet machine in real time according to the AC transformer in B1.3.根据权利要求1所述的一种生物质颗粒机故障诊断方法，其特征在于，所述S4中提到的环模温度参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：3. a kind of biomass granulator fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the ring die temperature parameter collection mentioned in the described S4 specifically comprises the following steps:C1、通过固定镶入在环模内壁的温度传感器的AT探头采集环模内壁温度；C1. Collect the temperature of the inner wall of the ring die through the AT probe fixedly embedded in the temperature sensor on the inner wall of the ring die;C2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，将C1中温度传感器实时获取的环模内壁温度信息；C2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, the temperature information of the inner wall of the ring die obtained by the temperature sensor in C1 in real time;所述S4中提到的环模模孔内面正压力参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The acquisition of positive pressure parameters on the inner surface of the ring die hole mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:D1、通过固定安装于环模贯穿孔间的环体内壁的压力传感器采集环模孔内壁内面正压力e；D1. Collect the positive pressure e on the inner wall of the ring die hole through the pressure sensor fixedly installed on the ring inner wall between the through holes of the ring die;D2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据D1中压力传感器实时获取的环模孔内壁内面正压力信息；D2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, the positive pressure information on the inner surface of the inner wall of the ring die hole is obtained in real time according to the pressure sensor in D1;所述S4中提到的主电机转速参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The acquisition of the main motor speed parameter mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:E1、通过固定安装于电机内的编码器采集电机转速；E1, collect the motor speed through the encoder fixedly installed in the motor;E2、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据E1中编码器实时获取电机转速信息；E2. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the motor speed information in real time according to the encoder in E1;所述S4中提到的生物质颗粒长径比参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The collection of biomass particle aspect ratio parameters mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:F1、通过工业相机采集生物质颗粒成品图片，并将图像传输给工控机；F1. Collect pictures of finished biomass particles through industrial cameras, and transmit the images to industrial computers;F2、通过工控机识别测量生物质颗粒的长度r与直径s；F2. Identify and measure the length r and diameter s of biomass particles through industrial computer;F3、计算生物质颗粒的长径比ρ，其计算公式如下：F3, calculate the aspect ratio ρ of biomass particles, its calculation formula is as follows:； ;F4、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据工控机的测量结果实时获取生物质颗粒长径比；F4. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the aspect ratio of biomass pellets in real time according to the measurement results of the industrial computer;所述S4中提到的生物质颗粒端面切口形状参数采集，具体包括以下步骤：The collection of shape parameters of the end face of the biomass particles mentioned in S4 specifically includes the following steps:G1、通过工业相机采集生物质颗粒端面切口图片，并将图像传输给工控机；G1. Collect the picture of the incision of the end face of the biomass particle through the industrial camera, and transmit the picture to the industrial computer;G2、通过工控机识别测量生物质颗粒的端面切口形状；G2. Identify and measure the shape of the end face incision of the biomass particles through the industrial computer;G3、在生物质颗粒机本体工作时，根据工控机的识别结果实时获取生物质颗粒端面切口平整度。G3. When the biomass pellet machine body is working, obtain the evenness of the end face of the biomass pellet in real time according to the identification result of the industrial computer.

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