CN114554313A

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Info

Publication number: CN114554313A
Application number: CN202210136288.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李振杰; 刘林; 王永生; 邓士伟
Original assignee: Jiangsu Zhizhen Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Zhizhen Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-02-15
Filing date: 2022-02-15
Publication date: 2022-05-27

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种基于DLT645‑2007协议的电能表抄表方法，属于智能电网技术领域。报文交互时主站设备将需要抄读的多个数据标识依次组成列表，控制字域置1CH，长度字段填写相应值，计算校验和值，封装645协议报文，通过串口发送报文；从站设备接收报文，判断报文的合法性，解封装报文，依次取出各数据标识；从站设备根据各数据标识，填写各个应用层数据，将各数据标识和数据封装成645协议回复报文数据域，长度字段填写数据域总长度，控制字域置9CH，计算校验和值，通过串口发送报文；主站设备接收报文，判断报文的合法性，解封装报文，依次取出各数据标识应用层数据。本发明可以提高抄读数据效率，弥补协议上的不足。

The invention relates to a meter reading method of an electric energy meter based on the DLT645-2007 protocol, and belongs to the technical field of smart grids. When the message is exchanged, the master station device will form a list of multiple data identifiers that need to be read in turn, set the control word field to 1CH, fill in the corresponding value in the length field, calculate the checksum value, encapsulate the 645 protocol message, and send the message through the serial port; The slave device receives the message, judges the validity of the message, decapsulates the message, and takes out each data identifier in turn; the slave device fills in each application layer data according to each data identifier, and encapsulates each data identifier and data into a 645 protocol reply In the message data field, the length field is filled with the total length of the data field, the control word field is set to 9CH, the checksum value is calculated, and the message is sent through the serial port; the master device receives the message, judges the validity of the message, decapsulates the message, Each data identification application layer data is taken out in sequence. The invention can improve the efficiency of reading data and make up for the deficiency of the protocol.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种基于DLT645-2007协议的电能表抄表方法A meter reading method of electric energy meter based on DLT645-2007 protocol

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种基于DLT645-2007协议的电能表抄表方法，属于智能电网技术领域。The invention relates to a meter reading method of an electric energy meter based on the DLT645-2007 protocol, and belongs to the technical field of smart grids.

背景技术Background technique

DL/T645是一种应用于电力领域的电能表通信协议，有97版和2007版。目前使用较多的是2007版，本文中所涉及到的645协议不作特殊说明均指2007版；DL/T698是作为下一代的电能表通信协议，参考了面向对象的设计思想。应用两种协议的电表也称645电表和698电表。有些电表能够支持两种协议。645协议比较简单，698协议相对比较复杂。目前，城市中大部分小区仍采用645电表，将之前的大量645电表替换为698电表，投资比较大，不太现实，而645电表使用上差强人意。作者在研究中发现698协议虽然比较灵活，但实际使用中，设备之间通信仍然是固定的报文格式，灵活性并不占优势；而且698协议需要消耗更多字节，在通信效率上并不如645协议；在嵌入式设备上实现698协议需要更多硬件资源，而645协议需要较少；以上这些特点决定645协议仍然有一定生命力。DL/T645 is a communication protocol for electric energy meters used in the field of electric power. There are 97 editions and 2007 editions. At present, the 2007 version is used more, and the 645 protocol involved in this article refers to the 2007 version without special instructions; DL/T698 is the next-generation electric energy meter communication protocol, referring to the object-oriented design idea. The meters that apply the two protocols are also called 645 meters and 698 meters. Some meters are capable of supporting both protocols. The 645 protocol is relatively simple, and the 698 protocol is relatively complex. At present, most communities in the city still use 645 meters, replacing a large number of 645 meters with 698 meters. In the research, the author found that although the 698 protocol is more flexible, in actual use, the communication between devices is still a fixed message format, and the flexibility is not dominant; and the 698 protocol needs to consume more bytes, which is not efficient in communication. It is not as good as the 645 protocol; the implementation of the 698 protocol on embedded devices requires more hardware resources, while the 645 protocol requires less; the above characteristics determine that the 645 protocol still has a certain vitality.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的在于，克服现有技术中存在的问题，提供一种基于DLT645-2007协议的电能表抄表方法，本发明可以读列表数据，提高抄读数据效率，弥补645协议上的不足。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a meter reading method based on the DLT645-2007 protocol.

为了解决上述问题，本发明的一种基于DLT645-2007协议的电能表抄表方法，报文交互时的步骤如下：In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a meter reading method for an electric energy meter based on the DLT645-2007 protocol. The steps during message exchange are as follows:

步骤1：主站设备将需要抄读的多个数据标识依次组成列表，控制字域置1CH，长度字段填写相应值，数据域加33处理，计算校验和值，封装645协议报文，通过串口发送报文；Step 1: The master station device will form a list of multiple data identifiers that need to be read, set the control word field to 1CH, fill in the corresponding value in the length field, add 33 to the data field, calculate the checksum value, encapsulate the 645 protocol message, pass Serial port sends messages;

步骤2：从站设备接收报文，判断报文的合法性，解封装报文，数据域减33处理，根据长度字段值计算出携带数据标识数目，依次取出各数据标识；Step 2: The slave station device receives the message, judges the validity of the message, decapsulates the message, subtracts 33 from the data field, calculates the number of carried data identifiers according to the value of the length field, and takes out each data identifier in turn;

步骤3：从站设备根据各数据标识，填写各个应用层数据，将各数据标识和数据封装成645协议回复报文数据域，长度字段填写数据域总长度，控制字域置9CH，数据域加33处理，计算校验和值，通过串口发送报文；Step 3: The slave device fills in each application layer data according to each data identifier, encapsulates each data identifier and data into a 645 protocol reply message data field, the length field fills in the total length of the data field, the control word field is set to 9CH, and the data field is added. 33 Process, calculate the checksum value, and send the message through the serial port;

步骤4：主站设备接收报文，判断报文的合法性，解封装报文，数据域减33处理，根据协议中各数据标识定义长度和数据标识依次取出各数据标识应用层数据。Step 4: The master station device receives the message, judges the validity of the message, decapsulates the message, subtracts 33 from the data field, and sequentially retrieves the application layer data of each data flag according to the defined length and data flag of each data flag in the protocol.

进一步的，所述645协议报文的改进如下：Further, the improvement of the 645 protocol message is as follows:

在原有的DLT645-2007协议基础上增加功能码：Add function codes on the basis of the original DLT645-2007 protocol:

11100：读列表数据11100: read list data

11101：读列表后续数据。11101: Read the subsequent data of the list.

进一步的，所述645协议报文设定对应应用层的帧格式如下:Further, the frame format of the 645 protocol message setting corresponding to the application layer is as follows:

（a）读列表数据(a) Read list data

a1.主站请求帧a1. Master request frame

功能：请求读电能表数据Function: Request to read energy meter data

控制码：C=1CHControl code: C=1CH

数据域长度：L为各数据标识长度之和；Data field length: L is the sum of the lengths of each data identifier;

帧格式：Frame format:

68H68HA0A0……A5A568H68H1CH1CHLLDI0DI0……DI3DI3……DI0DI0……DI3DI3CSCS16H16H

a2.从站正常应答帧a2. Slave station normal response frame

控制码：C=9CH无后续数据帧，C=BCH有后续数据帧Control code: C=9CH has no subsequent data frame, C=BCH has subsequent data frame

数据域长度：C=9CH，L为各数据标识及数据长度之和,C=BCH,L<=200；Data field length: C=9CH, L is the sum of each data identifier and data length, C=BCH, L<=200;

无后续数据帧帧格式：No subsequent data frame frame format:

68H68HA0A0……A5A568H68H9CH9CHLLDI0DI0……DI3DI3N1N1……NmNm……CSCS16H16H

有后续数据帧帧格式：There are subsequent dataframe frame formats:

68H68HA0A0……A5A568H68HBCHBCHLLDI0DI0……DI3DI3N1N1……NmNm……CSCS16H16H

注：不支持抄读数据长度为非固定长度的数据标识；Note: It is not supported to read data identifiers whose data length is not fixed length;

a3.从站异常应答帧a3. Slave abnormal response frame

控制码：C=DCHControl code: C=DCH

数据域长度： L=01HData field length: L=01H

帧格式：Frame format:

68H68HA0A0……A5A568H68HDCHDCHLLERRERRCSCS16H16H

注:读数据中任何一个数据标识读出现错误，均返回错误，ERR填写对应错误信息字；Note: If any one of the data identifiers in the read data has an error in reading, an error will be returned, and the ERR will be filled in with the corresponding error message word;

（b）读列表后续数据(b) Read list follow-up data

b1.主站请求读后续帧b1. The master station requests to read subsequent frames

功能：请求读后续数据Function: Request to read subsequent data

控制码：C=1DHControl code: C=1DH

数据域长度：L为各数据标识之和加1。Data field length: L is the sum of each data identifier plus 1.

帧格式：Frame format:

68H68HA0A0……A5A568H68H1DH1DHLLDI0DI0……DI3DI3……DI0DI0……DI3DI3SEQSEQCSCS16H16H

b2.从站正常应答帧b2. Slave station normal response frame

控制码：C=9DH无后续数据帧，C=BDH有后续数据帧Control code: C=9DH without subsequent data frames, C=BDH with subsequent data frames

无后续数据帧帧格式：No subsequent data frame frame format:

68H68HA0A0……A5A568H68H9DH9DHLLDI0DI0……DI3DI3N1N1……NmNm……CSCSSEQSEQ16H16H

有后续数据帧帧格式There are subsequent data frame frame formats

68H68HA0A0……A5A568H68HBDHBDHLLDI0DI0……DI3DI3N1N1……NmNm……CSCSSEQSEQ16H16H

b3.从站异常应答帧：b3. Slave station abnormal response frame:

控制码：C=DDHControl code: C=DDH

数据域长度：L=01HData field length: L=01H

帧格式：Frame format:

68H68HA0A0……A5A568H68HDDHDDHLLERRERRCSCS16H16H

本发明的有益效果是：（1）可以减少现场施工难度和施工步骤；（2）可以实现不接485线，完成通道号与电表地址绑定关系的匹配率达到100%；（3）可以在边端设备实现上述功能，不需要主站介入，完成匹配之后将结果直接上送。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) it can reduce the difficulty and construction steps of on-site construction; (2) it can realize that the 485 line is not connected, and the matching rate of the binding relationship between the channel number and the electric meter address can reach 100%; The edge device implements the above functions without the intervention of the main station, and directly uploads the result after the matching is completed.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明一种基于DLT645-2007协议的电能表抄表方法的报文交互流程图；Fig. 1 is the message interaction flow chart of a kind of electric energy meter meter reading method based on DLT645-2007 protocol of the present invention;

图2为原645协议的控制码定义。Figure 2 is the control code definition of the original 645 protocol.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

现在结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的说明。这些附图均为简化的示意图，仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构，因此其仅显示与本发明有关的构成。The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, and only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, so they only show the structures related to the present invention.

如图1所示，本发明的一种基于DLT645-2007协议的电能表抄表方法，其特征在于，报文交互时的步骤如下：As shown in FIG. 1 , a method for reading an electric energy meter based on the DLT645-2007 protocol of the present invention is characterized in that the steps during message exchange are as follows:

步骤4：主站设备接收报文，判断报文的合法性，解封装报文，数据域减33处理，根据协议中各数据标识定义长度和数据标识依次取出各数据标识应用层数据。Step 4: The master station device receives the message, judges the validity of the message, decapsulates the message, subtracts 33 from the data field, and sequentially extracts the application layer data of each data flag according to the defined length and data flag of each data flag in the protocol.

所述645协议报文的改进如下：The improvement of the 645 protocol message is as follows:

11100：读列表数据11100: read list data

11101：读列表后续数据；11101: Read the subsequent data of the list;

原协议定义的帧格式如下表所示：The frame format defined by the original protocol is shown in the following table:

原协议的控制码定义如图1所示。The control code definition of the original protocol is shown in Figure 1.

645协议报文的改进如下：645 protocol packets are improved as follows:

11100：读列表数据11100: read list data

11101：读列表后续数据。11101: Read the subsequent data of the list.

645协议报文设定对应应用层的帧格式如下:645 protocol message setting corresponds to the frame format of the application layer as follows:

（a）读列表数据(a) Read list data

a1.主站请求帧a1. Master request frame

功能：请求读电能表数据Function: Request to read energy meter data

控制码：C=1CHControl code: C=1CH

帧格式：Frame format:

a2.从站正常应答帧a2. Slave station normal response frame

无后续数据帧帧格式：No subsequent data frame frame format:

有后续数据帧帧格式：There are subsequent dataframe frame formats:

a3.从站异常应答帧a3. Slave abnormal response frame

控制码：C=DCHControl code: C=DCH

数据域长度： L=01HData field length: L=01H

帧格式：Frame format:

68H68HA0A0……A5A568H68HDCHDCHLLERRERRCSCS16H16H

注:读数据中任何一个数据标识读出现错误，均返回错误，ERR填写对应错误信息字；Note: If any one of the data identifiers in the read data is read incorrectly, an error will be returned, and the ERR will be filled in with the corresponding error message word;

（b）读列表后续数据(b) Read list follow-up data

功能：请求读后续数据Function: Request to read subsequent data

控制码：C=1DHControl code: C=1DH

帧格式：Frame format:

b2.从站正常应答帧b2. Slave station normal response frame

控制码：C=9DH无后续数据帧，C=BDH有后续数据帧Control code: C=9DH has no subsequent data frame, C=BDH has subsequent data frame

无后续数据帧帧格式：No subsequent data frame frame format:

有后续数据帧帧格式There are subsequent data frame frame formats

b3.从站异常应答帧：b3. Slave station abnormal response frame:

控制码：C=DDHControl code: C=DDH

数据域长度：L=01HData field length: L=01H

帧格式：Frame format:

68H68HA0A0……A5A568H68HDDHDDHLLERRERRCSCS16H16H

以下通过某主站设备通过RS485线对某645电表从站设备抄读测试，电表串口速率为2400bps，通信地址为000000000001，主站设备一个抄表周期内，需要抄读电表正向有功总电能、反向有功总电能、电压数据快、电流数据块、瞬时有功功率数据块、瞬时视在功率数据块、功率因数数据块、零线电流8个数据项为例介绍。The following is a test of reading a 645 meter slave device by a master device through the RS485 line. The serial port rate of the meter is 2400bps, and the communication address is 000000000001. The master device needs to read the total positive active energy of the meter within one meter reading cycle The total reverse active energy, fast voltage data, current data block, instantaneous active power data block, instantaneous apparent power data block, power factor data block, and neutral current are introduced as examples.

按照645协议中读数据方法，主站设备需要依次实现8个数据项抄读，即发送抄读第一个数据项报文，电表收到报文处理后回复主站，主站接收到回复，再重复进行抄读下一数据项，直至8个数据项全部抄读结束。整个流程范例报文如下：According to the data reading method in the 645 protocol, the master station device needs to realize the reading of 8 data items in sequence, that is, send and read the first data item message, the meter will reply to the master station after receiving the message, and the master station will receive the reply, Repeatedly read the next data item until all 8 data items are read. The whole process example message is as follows:

1.正向有功总电能1. Positive total active energy

发送：68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 11 04 33 32 34 33 b2 16Send: 68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 11 04 33 32 34 33 b2 16

回复：68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 91 18 33 32 34 33 79 b6 ca 34 33 33 3333 9a 79 66 34 33 33 33 33 ab 69 97 33 96 16Re: 68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 91 18 33 32 34 33 79 b6 ca 34 33 33 3333 9a 79 66 34 33 33 33 33 ab 69 97 33 96 16

2.反向有功总电能2. Reverse active total energy

发送：68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 11 04 33 32 35 33 b3 16Send: 68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 11 04 33 32 35 33 b3 16

回复：68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 91 18 33 32 35 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 3333 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 43 16Re: 68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 91 18 33 32 35 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 3333 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 43 16

3.电压数据块3. Voltage data block

发送：68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 11 04 33 32 34 35 b4 16Send: 68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 11 04 33 32 34 35 b4 16

回复：68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 91 0a 33 32 34 35 85 55 32 32 32 32 dc16Re: 68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 91 0a 33 32 34 35 85 55 32 32 32 32 dc16

4.电流数据块4. Current data block

发送：68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 11 04 33 32 35 35 b5 16Send: 68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 11 04 33 32 35 35 b5 16

回复：68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 91 0d 33 32 35 35 9a 3c 33 32 32 32 3232 32 73 16Re: 68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 91 0d 33 32 35 35 9a 3c 33 32 32 32 3232 32 73 16

5.瞬时有功功率数据块5. Instantaneous Active Power Data Block

发送：68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 11 04 33 32 36 35 b6 16Send: 68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 11 04 33 32 36 35 b6 16

回复：68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 91 10 33 32 36 35 98 46 33 98 46 33 3232 32 32 32 32 90 16Re: 68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 91 10 33 32 36 35 98 46 33 98 46 33 3232 32 32 32 32 90 16

6.瞬时视在功率数据块6. Instantaneous apparent power data block

发送：68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 11 04 33 32 38 35 b8 16Send: 68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 11 04 33 32 38 35 b8 16

回复：68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 91 10 33 32 38 35 a9 54 33 a9 54 33 3232 32 32 32 32 d0 16Re: 68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 91 10 33 32 38 35 a9 54 33 a9 54 33 3232 32 32 32 32 d0 16

7.功率因数数据块7. Power Factor Data Block

发送：68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 11 04 33 32 39 35 b9 16Send: 68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 11 04 33 32 39 35 b9 16

回复：68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 91 0c 33 32 39 35 5a 39 5a 39 32 32 3232 2f 16Re: 68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 91 0c 33 32 39 35 5a 39 5a 39 32 32 3232 2f 16

8.零线电流8. Neutral current

发送：68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 11 04 34 33 b3 35 35 16Send: 68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 11 04 34 33 b3 35 35 16

回复：68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 91 07 34 33 b3 35 96 3c 33 bd 16Re: 68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 91 07 34 33 b3 35 96 3c 33 bd 16

采用本专利中提出的抄表方法，8个数据项组成一个数据列表抄读，主站设备只需要发送一条抄读报文，电表收到后填写8个数据项的回复，并发送至主站设备，主站设备接收后依次取出8个数据项的回复数据即可。实现范例如下：Using the meter reading method proposed in this patent, 8 data items form a data list for reading, the master station equipment only needs to send a reading message, and the meter will fill in the reply of the 8 data items after receiving it, and send it to the master station After receiving the device, the master station device can take out the reply data of 8 data items in turn. The implementation example is as follows:

发送：68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 1c 20 33 32 34 33 33 32 35 33 33 32 3435 33 32 35 35 33 32 36 35 33 32 38 35 33 32 39 35 34 33 b3 35 07 16Send: 68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 1c 20 33 32 34 33 33 32 35 33 33 32 3435 33 32 35 35 33 32 36 35 33 32 38 35 33 32 39 35 34 33 b3 35

回复：68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 9c 7a 33 32 34 33 79 b6 ca 34 33 33 3333 9a 79 66 34 33 33 33 33 ab 69 97 33 33 32 35 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 3333 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 32 34 35 85 55 32 32 32 32 33 32 35 35 9a3c 33 32 32 32 32 32 32 33 32 36 35 98 46 33 98 46 33 32 32 32 32 32 32 33 3238 35 a9 54 33 a9 54 33 32 32 32 32 32 32 33 32 39 35 5a 39 5a 39 32 32 32 3234 33 b3 35 96 3c 33 d1 16。Re: 68 00 00 00 00 00 01 68 9c 7a 33 32 34 33 79 b6 ca 34 33 33 3333 9a 79 66 34 33 33 33 33 ab 69 97 33 33 32 35 33 33 33 3 3 3 3 33 3 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 32 34 35 32 32 32 33 35 35 9A3C 33 32 32 32 33 36 33 98 46 32 32 32 32 32338 35 A9 54 33 a9 54 33 32 32 32 32 32 32 33 32 39 35 5a 39 5a 39 32 32 32 3234 33 b3 35 96 3c 33 d1 16.

本具体实施例的测试情况结果分析，单数据标识发送与收到回复之间约200毫秒，不考虑收到回复与发送下一条之间间隔，整个流程需要消耗约1600毫秒，收发报文字节总数需要346字节，整个流程复杂，采用本专利提出方法，虽然单条发送和回复报文字节数增加，但收发报文字节总数减少将近一半，耗时约500毫秒，整个流程简单；如下表所示：According to the analysis of the test results of this specific embodiment, the time between sending a single data identifier and receiving a reply is about 200 milliseconds. Regardless of the interval between receiving a reply and sending the next one, the entire process takes about 1600 milliseconds to send and receive message bytes. The total number of bytes is 346 bytes, and the whole process is complicated. Using the method proposed in this patent, although the number of bytes of a single sending and replying message increases, the total number of sending and receiving message bytes is reduced by nearly half, and it takes about 500 milliseconds. The whole process is simple; as follows: The table shows:

方法\性能method\performance理论耗时theoretical time收发总字节Total bytes sent and received流程process读数据方法read data method约1600msAbout 1600ms346346复杂complex读数据列表方法Read data list method约500msabout 500ms178178简单Simple

因此，本专利提出的抄表方法相对于采用协议中抄读电表方法，具备优势；理论在抄读数据项增多情况下，以及在电力线载波通信中，涉及到通信节点增多情况下，具备更大优势。Therefore, the meter reading method proposed in this patent has advantages over the meter reading method in the protocol; theoretically, when the number of data items to be read increases, and in the power line carrier communication, when the number of communication nodes is increased, it has greater Advantage.

以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。Taking the above ideal embodiments according to the present invention as inspiration, and through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.