Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. If not conflicting, the embodiments of the present application and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment of the application discloses an intelligent closestool which can be used as a common closestool and also can be used in the urine detection field, and can be used in places such as families, enterprises or hospitals for detecting urine of users, for example, the intelligent closestool can be used in the families, patients need long-term care, urine information needs to be frequently detected, the health condition of the patients is determined by analyzing urine data, although urine detection equipment of the hospitals is complete, doctors are high in specificity, expenses required to be paid in the hospitals are high, at present, more families are high, great burden is brought to the whole family due to the expenses of the hospitals, if the intelligent closestool is adopted, the patients can carry out urine detection in the families, so that not only are various expenses of the hospitals saved, but also the households are more convenient for caring for the patients, and in the families, personal transactions and family transactions can be considered, and more time is also available for caring for the patients. In addition, the patient with certain life self-care ability can independently take care of home, and the health condition of the patient can be known in real time according to the needs.
In addition, in a hospital, queuing detection is needed, in the detection process, a user can only sample in the toilet process by himself, after sampling is completed, a sampling sample is delivered to medical staff for detection and analysis, the sampling process in the whole process is inconvenient, queuing is time-consuming, if the intelligent closestool provided by the application is adopted, the user does not need to run at the hospital, queuing is not needed, the sampling process is simpler, the use is more convenient, and time and labor are saved.
The intelligent toilet includes a toilet body 100, a toilet seat 200, a toilet lid 300, a urine sampler 400, and a urine detection module. The toilet body 100 serves as a base body of the intelligent toilet, has a function of carrying various devices, and can also realize a defecation function of a general toilet. The toilet seat 200 is arranged on the toilet body 100, the toilet seat 200 is high in fit with a human body, the toilet seat 200 can increase comfort level of a user when the user uses a toilet, if the user uses the toilet seat 200 on the toilet when the weather is cold, the ice-cold toilet can be prevented from being directly contacted with the human body, in addition, the toilet sleeved with the toilet seat 200 is more sanitary and healthy, certain water pressure is provided when the toilet is flushed, bacteria can be caused to splash, and the toilet seat 200 has certain isolation and protection effects. The toilet cover 300 can ensure the sanitation of the toilet, and when the toilet is not used, the toilet cover 300 is closed to seal the toilet body 100, so that the entry of bacteria, dust or liquid and other impurities into the toilet is avoided. The urine sampler 400 may be disposed in the toilet body 100, or may be disposed above the toilet body 100, and located on a path along which urine flows into the toilet body 100, for sampling the urine. The urine detection module is disposed on the toilet cover 300 or the toilet body 100, and is used for sampling urine sampled by the urine sampler 400.
To facilitate understanding of the structure of the intelligent toilet, the components of the intelligent toilet will now be further described as follows:
The toilet body 100 includes a base 110 and a bowl 120. The lower bottom surface of the base 110 contacts the ground, the upper surface of the base 110 contacts the toilet seat 200, and the length and width of the upper surface of the base 110 are both greater than those of the lower bottom surface, so that a large toilet space can be realized while the occupied space is small. The toilet bowl 120 is in a conical structure, the conical structure is arranged upside down, the conical top point is located below the conical bottom surface, the toilet bowl body 100 further comprises a sewer pipe, one end of the pipe orifice of the sewer pipe is communicated with the conical top point of the toilet bowl 120, the other end of the sewer pipe is connected to the urinal, and the conical structure can effectively collect excrement and urine in the toilet bowl 120 and cleaning liquid during flushing.
The toilet cover 300 includes a toilet front cover 310 and a toilet rear cover 320, the toilet rear cover 320 is fixedly disposed on the toilet body 100, is located at the rear of the toilet body 100, the toilet front cover 310 is rotatably connected with the toilet body 100 or the toilet rear cover 320, is located at the front of the toilet, covers the toilet seat 200, and covers the toilet bowl 120. Preferably, in this embodiment, the front cover 310 of the toilet is rotatably connected with the rear cover 320 of the toilet, specifically, the two sides of the rear cover 320 of the toilet are provided with the first rotating shafts 321, the front cover 310 of the toilet is provided with the first bearing 311, the first rotating shafts 321 are mounted on the first bearing 311, the front cover 310 of the toilet can rotate back and forth relative to the rear cover 320 of the toilet, so as to realize that the front cover 310 of the toilet covers the toilet bowl 120 to protect the toilet, and the front cover 310 of the toilet is lifted, so that a user can use the toilet or perform urine detection. When the toilet front cover 310 is rotatably connected with the toilet body 100, a second rotating shaft (not shown) is fixedly disposed on the toilet body 100, a second bearing (not shown) is disposed on the toilet front cover 310, and the second bearing is sleeved on the second rotating shaft, so that the toilet front cover 310 can rotate back and forth relative to the toilet body 100.
When the toilet front cover 310 covers the toilet bowl 120, the toilet seat 200 is disposed between the toilet front cover 310 and the toilet body 100, the toilet lid 300 also protects the toilet seat 200, the toilet seat 200 is rotatably coupled to the toilet body 100 or the toilet lid 300, and the third bearing 210 is disposed on the toilet seat 200, so that when the toilet seat 200 is coupled to the toilet lid 300, the third bearing 210 is coupled to the first rotating shaft 321, and when the toilet seat 200 is coupled to the toilet body 100, the third bearing 210 is coupled to the second rotating shaft.
The intelligent closestool still includes consumptive material receiver 600, and consumptive material receiver 600 is used for providing the detection condition for urine detection module. The consumable storage box 600 comprises a plurality of replaceable reagent consumable boxes 620, and reagents for mixing with urine are contained in the plurality of replaceable reagent consumable boxes 620.
The urine detection module includes an optical urine detection module disposed on the toilet body 100 or the toilet lid 300. The optical urine detection module comprises a microscopic image acquisition module 720, a fluorescent image acquisition module and a spectrum information acquisition module, wherein the microscopic image acquisition module 720 is used for detecting urine by adopting a urine detection method based on microscopic images, the fluorescent image acquisition module is used for detecting urine by adopting a urine component detection method based on fluorescent reagents, and the spectrum information acquisition module is used for detecting urine by adopting a spectrum detection method of urine components. The urine detection module further comprises a chemical urine detection module, which is disposed on the toilet body 100 or the toilet lid 300. The chemical urine detection module includes a dry chemical urine detection module and an electrochemical body fluid detection device 750, and the electrochemical body fluid detection device 750 of the embodiment performs urine detection by using a urine electrochemical detection method described below.
The intelligent closestool still includes control system, urine transmission pipeline 780 and sample micropump 500, and urine transmission pipeline 780 is used for transmitting urine, and the bubble in the urine can be got rid of to sample micropump 500, also can quantitative acquisition and carry urine, and control system is used for controlling urine sampler 400 and carries out the urine sample, controls urine detection module 700 and carries out the urine detection.
Example 2
The intelligent toilet includes urine sampler 400, and urine sampler 400 can set up in toilet body 100, also can set up in toilet body 100 top for urine to flowing into the closestool takes a sample.
Referring to fig. 10 and 11, the present invention provides a urine sampler 400 including a switching mechanism 420 and a urine sampling head 410, wherein the urine sampling head 410 is detachably connected with the switching mechanism 420, and the urine sampling head 410 is directly contacted with urine to sample the urine.
Specifically, the urine sampling head 410 includes an elastic member 412a, the adapting mechanism 420 includes an adapting mechanism body 421, a mounting cavity 421b is provided on the adapting mechanism body 421, the elastic member 412a is inserted into the mounting cavity 421b, the elastic member 412a is elastically connected with the mounting cavity 421b, and the urine sampling head 410 can be inserted or taken out under the action of an external force. When urine sampler 400 blocks up or needs to wash, urine sampling head 410 can very convenient dismantlement to wash, repair or change urine sampling head 410 and urine sampler 400, the simple operation is convenient.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, an embodiment of the invention discloses a urine sampling head 410, the urine sampling head 410 includes a sampling head body 411 and a connection mechanism 412, a through hole 411a is provided on the sampling head body 411 for preventing foreign matters from entering, when external urine enters into the sampling head body 411 through the through hole 411a, the through hole 411a can filter the urine, the foreign matters in the urine are blocked outside the sampling head body 411, the connection mechanism 412 is provided at one end of the sampling head body 411, a detachable structure is provided on the connection mechanism 412, the detachable structure enables the urine sampling head 410 to be detachably connected with the sampling device, the sampling device is a device capable of performing urine sampling, under the action of external force, the urine sampling head 410 is connected with the sampling device, the sampling device is driven to perform urine sampling, the urine sampling head 410 and the sampling device are detached, the urine sampling head 410 and the sampling device are cleaned, repaired or replaced, and the structure is simple, and the operation is convenient.
To facilitate understanding of the structure of urine sampling head 410, the components of urine sampling head 410 will now be described separately as follows:
The specific structure of the detachable structure is not limited herein, as long as the urine sampling head 410 and the sampling device can be integrally and detachably connected, in this embodiment, the detachable structure includes at least one of the detachable structures such as an elastic member, a thread structure, a buckle, and the like, preferably, the detachable structure is an elastic member, and the elastic member has good connection performance and is convenient to install and detach.
Further, referring to fig. 5 to 7, an elastic member 412a is disposed on the connection mechanism 412, when the urine sampling head 410 is connected to the urine sampling device 400, the elastic member 412a is engaged with the urine sampling device 400, the elastic force of the elastic member 412a acts on the urine sampling device 400, the urine sampling device 400 also applies an opposite force to the elastic member 412a, meanwhile, a friction force is provided between the elastic member 412a and the urine sampling device 400, the urine sampling head 410 is stably connected to the urine sampling device 400 under the action of the friction force, and when the urine sampling head 410 needs to be disassembled, an external force is applied to the urine sampling head 410 and the urine sampling device 400, the applied external force is greater than the friction force between the elastic member 412a and the urine sampling device 400, and the urine sampling head 410 can be pulled out.
The elastic piece 412a is an independent element, the connecting mechanism 412 is provided with a groove 412b or a protrusion 412c, the elastic piece 412a is matched with the groove 412b or the protrusion 412c, the elastic piece 412a is sleeved on the groove 412b or the protrusion 412c and is fixed by the groove 412b or the protrusion 412c, when the elastic piece 412a needs to be installed, the elastic piece 412a is opened under the action of external force, so that the elastic piece 412a can pass through the connecting mechanism 412 to enter the periphery of the groove 412b or the protrusion 412c, and at the moment, the external force is removed, so that the elastic piece 412a is sleeved on the groove 412b or the protrusion 412 c. The number of the elastic members 412a may be one or more, when the number of the elastic members 412a is one, the elastic members 412a may be matched with the connection mechanism 412, the elastic members 412a may slide out of the grooves 412b or the protrusions 412c under the action of external force, and the installation cannot be completed. Further, the elastic members 412a include one or more of O-rings, V-rings, rectangular rings, wedge-shaped rings, X-rings, L-rings, U-rings, grooved O-rings or star-rings, and when a plurality of elastic members 412a with different shapes are selected, it is necessary to ensure that each elastic member 412a can be fully connected with the groove 412b or the protrusion 412c, preferably, a plurality of elastic members 412a with the same shape are selected, for example, the O-rings can be fully contacted with the urine sampler 400 and can be better processed. It is understood that the shape of the groove 412b or the protrusion 412c is adapted to the shape of the elastic member 412a, when the elastic member 412a is in the protrusion 412c structure, the groove 412b is selected to match the protrusion 412c, and when the elastic member 412a has the groove 412b structure, the protrusion 412c structure matching the groove 412b is selected.
In one embodiment, the elastic member 412a is integrated on the connection mechanism 412, where the elastic member 412a is integrally provided with the connection mechanism 412, and in this case, the connection mechanism 412 does not include the groove 412b or the protrusion 412c, the elastic member 412a may be in a ring structure, covering the peripheral surface of the connection mechanism 412, and the contact area between the elastic member 412a and the urine sampler 400 is larger, so that the connection is more stable.
Besides the function of fixing the urine sampling head 410, the elastic piece 412a also has a sealing function, the inner ring of the elastic piece 412a is tightly attached to the groove 412b or the protrusion 412c, the outer ring of the elastic piece 412a is tightly attached to the urine sampling device 400, and the elastic piece 412a has a waterproof effect, so that the elastic piece 412a can prevent filtered urine from flowing out of the connecting mechanism 412, and urine is collected in the sampling head body 411, and a sufficient urine sample is provided for the urine detection module.
In the present embodiment, the sampling head body 411 is made of metal, ceramic or plastic, but is not limited thereto, and preferably, the sampling head body 411 is made of a material with high corrosion resistance, such as ceramic.
Referring to fig. 5, the sampling head body 411 includes an upper sampling head portion 411b and a lower sampling head portion 411c, the through hole 411a is formed in the upper sampling head portion 411b, the upper sampling head portion 411b is directly contacted with urine, the urine flows into the sampling head body 411 through the through hole 411a, the shape of the through hole 411a is not limited herein, preferably, the through hole 411a may be in a geometric shape such as a circle, a square, an ellipse, a triangle, etc., the purpose of the through hole 411a is to prevent foreign matters from entering the sampling head body 411, the foreign matters may be coarse particulate matters, and the matters with a minimum width larger than the maximum width of the through hole 411a may be filtered. Further, the through holes 411a are arranged at intervals on the upper part 411b of the sampling head in a certain arrangement mode, can be arranged in an array mode, can be arranged in a staggered mode, and are arranged as uniformly as possible, so that the area of the upper part 411b of the sampling head is fully utilized, more through holes 411a can be formed in the upper part 411b of the sampling head, and the filtering effect is good when the liquid inlet amount is large.
Referring to fig. 7, the sampling head body 411 further includes a urine transfer tube 780, and the urine transfer tube 780 is used for transferring urine passing through the upper portion 411b of the sampling head. After urine enters the urine transmission pipeline 780, the urine transmission pipeline 780 transmits the urine to the urine detection module for urine detection.
Further, referring to fig. 5 to 9, the upper sampling head portion 411b is planar, concave or convex. The urine directly contacts with the upper part 411b of the sampling head, when the upper part 411b of the sampling head is in a plane structure, the sampling head is convenient to process, the cost can be saved, when the upper part 411b of the sampling head is in a concave structure, the urine left on the upper part 411b of the sampling head can flow into the body 411 of the sampling head along the concave structure as much as possible, the urine loss is less, the urine collecting speed is high, the detection efficiency is higher, and when the upper part 411b of the sampling head is in a convex structure, the inner volume of the body 411 of the sampling head is larger, the liquid storage amount of the urine sampling head 410 is larger, and a sufficient urine sample can be provided. The above three structures are selected according to practical situations, and the urine sampling head 410 is independently arranged, so that the sampling heads in the above three stages can be processed, and more suitable sampling heads can be selected under different situations.
Further, the lower portion 411c of the sampling head completely accommodates or partially accommodates urine filtered through the through hole 411 a.
In the case that the lower sampling head 411c partially accommodates the filtered urine, the lower sampling head 411c partially seals or does not seal, the urine passes through the filtering structure after being filtered by the through hole 411a and directly flows downwards, and does not gather in the filtering structure, in this case, the position of the urine transmission pipe 780 is not fixed, the opening of the pipe is arranged on the path of the urine inflow, and part of the urine directly flows into the urine transmission pipe 780, at this time, the urine sample obtained by the urine sampler 400 is fresh urine, the urine detection module detects according to the fresh urine, and the reference value of the detection result is higher.
In the case where the liquid collecting chamber completely accommodates the filtered urine, the sampling head lower portion 411c is hermetically sealed, and the urine is collected in the sampling head body 411. The end laminating of urine transmission pipeline 780 or be close to the bottom of sampling head lower part 411c, urine transmission pipeline 780 can more stable absorb urine, and the urine bubble of absorption is less, and the urine volume of absorption is bigger, can improve detection efficiency.
Further, the connection mechanism 412 includes a limiting mechanism 412d, and the limiting mechanism 412d is used to limit the assembly angle of the urine sampling head 410. Specifically, the limiting mechanism 412d is a limiting boss or a limiting groove, the switching mechanism 420 of the urine sampler 400 is connected with the connecting mechanism 412, the switching mechanism 420 is provided with a switching groove 421a or a switching boss matched with the limiting boss or the limiting groove, the boss is matched with the groove, the assembly angle of the urine sampling head 410 is limited, and the installed urine sampling head 410 can be prevented from rotating and is connected more stably.
The sampling head body 411 is integrally provided with or detachably connected to the connection mechanism 412. The integrated production steps are fewer, the processing difficulty of the sampling head body 411 and the connecting mechanism 412 which are detachably connected is lower, and in the embodiment, the sampling head body 411 and the connecting mechanism 412 are integrally arranged.
Example 4
The intelligent closestool still includes sample microfluidic pump 500, and sample microfluidic pump 500 sets up on the urine transmission pipeline between urine sampler 400 and the urine detection module, can be used to detach the gas in the urine, through the setting of sample microfluidic pump 500, can realize real-time and controllable setting to urine detection, convenient accurate urine detection and control.
Example 5
Referring to fig. 12 to 14, an embodiment of the invention discloses a replaceable reagent consumable cartridge 620, the replaceable reagent consumable cartridge 620 comprises a consumable cartridge body 621, a consumable cartridge reagent inlet 622, a consumable cartridge reagent outlet 623 and a consumable cartridge sealing member 624, wherein the consumable cartridge reagent inlet 622 and the consumable cartridge reagent outlet 623 are arranged on the consumable cartridge body 621, the consumable cartridge sealing member 624 is arranged on the consumable cartridge reagent outlet 623, when the consumable cartridge body 621 is installed, the consumable cartridge sealing member 624 is opened under the action of external force, the consumable cartridge reagent outlet 623 is communicated with the outside, the reagent in the replaceable reagent consumable cartridge 620 can flow out from the consumable cartridge reagent outlet 623 and be mixed with urine in the next process, when the consumable cartridge body 621 is disassembled, the consumable cartridge sealing member 624 is reset, the consumable cartridge reagent outlet 623 is closed, the reagent cannot flow out of the consumable cartridge reagent outlet 623, and the reagent can be stored in the replaceable reagent consumable cartridge 620. The setting of consumptive material box sealing member 624 for removable reagent consumptive material box 620 can dismantle at will and dismantle convenient, removable reagent consumptive material box 620 leakproofness after the dismantlement is good, is convenient for add or change reagent.
To facilitate understanding of the structure of the replaceable reagent consumable cartridge 620, the consumable cartridge body 621, the consumable cartridge reagent inlet 622, the consumable cartridge reagent outlet 623, and the consumable cartridge seal 624 will now be described, respectively, as follows:
The shape of consumptive material box body 621 can be tetrahedron, cone, cylinder or other polyhedral structure, its structure does not do to be limited, in this embodiment, the consumptive material box body 621 is preferably cuboid structure, when removable reagent consumptive material box 620 quantity is a plurality of, the installation can be compacter between the consumptive material box body 621 of cuboid structure, because intelligent closestool inner structure is numerous, the space is limited, the interior space that can reasonably be used to intelligent closestool of consumptive material box body 621 compact installation, and, the volume of cuboid consumptive material box body 621 is bigger, under the condition that occupies the same space, the volume of cuboid consumptive material box body 621 is bigger, the reagent that can hold is more.
Consumable box reagent entry 622 sets up on consumable box body 621, can locate consumable box body 621 top surface, also can locate consumable box body 621 side, when consumable box reagent entry 622 located consumable box body 621 side, should set up in the eminence as far as possible, in this embodiment, preferably, consumable box reagent entry 622 locates consumable box body 621 top surface, the higher the position that consumable box reagent entry 622 set up, is difficult to influence the storage of reagent more like: the consumable cartridge reagent inlet 622 is arranged on the side face of the consumable cartridge body 621, the liquid level of the reagent is lower than the lowest point of the consumable cartridge reagent inlet 622, and when the consumable cartridge reagent inlet 622 is arranged on the top face of the consumable cartridge body 621, the reagent can fill the whole container, and the situation that the liquid level is limited does not exist.
Referring to fig. 13, an electronic tag 621a for reading reagent information is disposed outside the consumable part box body 621, and when a reagent is contained in the replaceable reagent consumable part box 620, the electronic tag 621a can detect the reagent and read the related information of the reagent, and the related information of the reagent includes information such as a reagent model, a reagent capacity, a reagent quality, a reagent storage time, and the like. Further, the electronic tag 621a is an RFID or NFC tag, and the RFID technology, namely radio frequency identification technology (Radio Frequency Identification, RFID), is one of automatic identification technologies, and performs non-contact bidirectional data communication in a wireless radio frequency manner, and reads and writes a recording medium (electronic tag or radio frequency card) in a wireless radio frequency manner, so as to achieve the purpose of identification and data exchange. NFC technology-near field Communication technology (NEAR FIELD Communication) is an emerging technology, devices (such as mobile phones) using NFC technology can exchange data under the condition of being close to each other, and the devices are integrated and evolved by non-contact Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and interconnection and interworking technology, and through integrating functions of an inductive card reader, an inductive card and point-to-point Communication on a single chip, mobile terminal is utilized to realize applications such as mobile payment, electronic ticketing, access control, mobile identity identification, anti-counterfeiting and the like. Preferably, the RFID electronic tag is selected in the embodiment, so that the cost is low and the stability is high.
Referring to fig. 12, a transparent piece 621b for checking the reagent capacity is disposed outside the consumable cartridge body 621, and the transparent piece 621b can be made of glass or transparent adhesive tape, which combines sealing effect and observing effect. Further, the transparent member 621b is provided with a scale, the range of which covers the height range of the reagent, so as to accurately detect the reagent capacity.
Referring to fig. 14, a mounting hole 621c is further provided in the consumable cartridge body 621, the consumable cartridge sealing member 624 includes a reset member 624a, a latch 624b and a cover plate 624c, the reset member 624a is disposed in the mounting hole 621c, the reset member 624a reciprocates in the mounting hole 621c, the latch 624b is disposed at the lower end of the reset member 624a, the reset member 624a drives the latch 624b to reciprocate, and the closing and opening of the reagent outlet 623 of the consumable cartridge can be realized in the process of reciprocating the latch 624 b. The cover plate 624c is disposed at the upper end of the reset element 624a, the cover plate 624c is used for supporting the reset element 624a and limiting the reset position of the reset element 624a, the reset element 624a is fixedly disposed on the cover plate 624c, the cover plate 624c is fixedly disposed in the replaceable reagent consumable cartridge 620, and the direction in which the reset element 624a reciprocates is away from the cover plate 624c.
When the consumable cartridge body 621 is mounted, the elastic needle 624b compresses the reset piece 624a under the action of external force, the elastic needle 624b is not in contact with the reagent outlet 623 of the consumable cartridge, the cover plate 624c is communicated with the reset piece 624a, and the reagent flows out of the reagent outlet 623 of the consumable cartridge from the consumable cartridge body 621 through the cover plate 624c, the reset piece 624a and the elastic needle 624 b. Further, the cover plate 624c is provided with a plurality of small holes for flowing the reagent, and the small holes are arranged on the cover plate 624c and are in a frame shape, so that the reset piece 624a can be supported and the reagent can circulate. A first gap 625 is formed between the reset piece 624a and the wall of the mounting hole 621c, and the reagent can flow out of the reagent outlet 623 of the consumable cartridge through the first gap 625. In this embodiment, the reset element 624a is preferably a spring, the width of which is smaller than the diameter of the mounting hole 621c, and the middle of which is hollow, and the reagent can flow into the spring through the cover body, flow out from the spring to the first gap 625, and then flow out through the first gap 625. A second gap 626 is formed between the elastic needle 624b and the wall of the mounting hole 621c, the first gap 625 is communicated with the second gap 626, the second gap 626 is communicated with the reagent outlet 623 of the consumable cartridge, and the reagent flows into the second gap 626 through the first gap 625 and then flows out of the reagent outlet 623 of the consumable cartridge. In this embodiment, the width of the needle 624b is smaller than the diameter of the mounting hole 621c, the needle 624b is fixedly connected with the reset piece 624a, the needle 624b is sealed with the reset piece 624a, and the reagent can smoothly flow out of the reagent outlet 623 of the consumable cartridge.
The position of the elastic needle 624b corresponds to the position of the consumable cartridge reagent outlet 623, when the consumable cartridge body 621 is disassembled, the external force is removed, the reset piece 624a is reset, the reset piece 624a drives the elastic needle 624b to move downwards until the elastic needle 624b contacts with the consumable cartridge reagent outlet 623, the lower end surface of the elastic needle 624b covers the consumable cartridge reagent outlet 623, and the consumable cartridge reagent outlet 623 is closed.
Example 6
Referring to fig. 15 to 17, an embodiment of the invention discloses a consumable storage box 600, the consumable storage box 600 includes a consumable storage box body 610 and an electronic tag card reader 611, a plurality of replaceable reagent consumable boxes 620 are accommodated in the consumable storage box body 610, a plurality of reagents are accommodated in the replaceable reagent consumable boxes 620, the reagents can be fused with sample urine into a plurality of different mixed liquids at the same time so as to perform different types of detection, detection precision and range are improved, the electronic tag card reader 611 is arranged on the consumable storage box body 610 and is used for reading electronic tag 621a data on the replaceable reagent consumable boxes 620, and the electronic tag 621a data includes data of each reagent so that an operator can know relevant information of the reagents in time.
In order to facilitate understanding of the structure of the consumable storage box 600, the consumable storage box body 610, the electronic tag card reader 611 and the replaceable reagent consumable box 620 will now be described as follows:
the reagent types that hold in the consumptive material receiver body 610 are limited by the operator, and multiple reagent all sets up in removable reagent consumptive material box 620, and convenient operation can carry out unified management, also can make full use of intelligent closestool narrow and small inner space. In this embodiment, preferably, the reagents include four kinds, and after the four kinds of reagents are mixed with urine, the respective mixed solutions enter the urine detection module to perform microscopic detection, fluorescence detection, spectral detection and electrochemical detection. The range and the accuracy of urine detection can be improved by various detection modes.
Preferably, referring to fig. 15, the consumable storage box 600 further includes a consumable storage box upper cover 630, and the consumable storage box upper cover 630 is used for sealing the consumable storage box body 610. When the consumable box needs to be replaced, the consumable storage box upper cover 630 is uncovered, the consumable box is placed in the consumable storage box body 610, after the consumable storage box is placed, the consumable storage box upper cover 630 is assembled, and sealing of the consumable storage box body 610 is achieved. Further, the consumable cartridge is fastened between the consumable cartridge body 610 and the consumable cartridge upper cover 630, and fixing of the consumable cartridge is achieved.
Referring to fig. 15, a transparent window 612 is provided on the consumable storage box body 610, the transparent window 612 is used for observing the reagent capacity, a transparent piece 621b is provided on the replaceable reagent consumable box 620, the position of the transparent window 612 corresponds to the position of the transparent piece 621b on the replaceable reagent consumable box 620, the transparent piece 621b corresponds to the reagent in the replaceable reagent consumable box 620, the reagent capacity in the replaceable reagent consumable box 620 can be observed through the transparent piece 621b, and in order to observe the reagent capacities in the replaceable reagent consumable boxes 620 more intuitively, information reflected by the transparent piece 621b needs to be observed through the transparent window 612. Further, the transparent window 612 is partially transparent or fully transparent, the degree of transparency will determine the accuracy of the observation by the operator, and in this embodiment, the fully transparent window 612 is selected for better observation effect. Further, the transparent window 612 may be a transparent element such as glass. Of course, to ensure that the reagent capacity reflected by the transparent element 621b is more visual, the transparent window 612 may be just one window, and no other element is installed in the window, so that the operator can directly observe the reagent capacity reflected by the transparent element 621b through the window, and the observation effect is better, but in this embodiment, the transparent window 612 with glass is preferred, so that external dust can be effectively isolated, and dust is prevented from entering the replaceable reagent consumable box 620, and the detection effect is affected.
Referring to fig. 17, a plurality of pins 613 are disposed at the bottom of the consumable storage box body 610, and the plurality of pins 613 are used for opening a consumable cartridge reagent outlet 623 of the replaceable reagent consumable cartridge 620. The positions of the ejector pins 613 correspond to the positions of the ejector pins 624b of the replaceable reagent consumable cartridges 620. Thimble 613 can provide external force for removable reagent consumable cartridge 620, and when removable reagent consumable cartridge 620 installs, thimble 613 and bullet needle 624b contact, and piece 624a is compressed reset, and consumable cartridge reagent export 623 communicates the external world, and reagent in the removable reagent consumable cartridge 620 can follow consumable cartridge reagent export 623. When the replaceable reagent consumable cartridge 620 is disassembled, the ejector pin 624b is far away from the ejector pin 613 until the ejector pin 613 is not contacted with the ejector pin 624b, no external force is applied to the ejector pin 624b, the reset piece 624a is reset, and the ejector pin 624b seals the reagent outlet 623 of the consumable cartridge.
Further, referring to fig. 16, the consumable storage box body 610 further includes a consumable storage box liquid outlet 614, where the position of the consumable storage box liquid outlet 614 corresponds to the position of the consumable storage box reagent outlet 623, and the reagent flows out of the consumable storage box 600 from the consumable storage box reagent outlet 623 through the consumable storage box liquid outlet 614, and the reagent enters the next detection process to be mixed with urine to form a mixed solution, and the physical condition of the human body is judged by detecting the relevant data of the mixed solution.
Further, referring to fig. 16, an electronic tag 621a for reading reagent information is arranged outside the consumable cartridge body 621, an electronic tag reader 611 is arranged on the consumable storage cartridge body 610, and the position of the electronic tag reader 611 corresponds to the position of the electronic tag 621a on the replaceable reagent consumable cartridge 620. When the replaceable reagent consumable cassette 620 is filled with reagents, the electronic tag 621a can detect the reagents and read relevant information of the reagents, the relevant information of the reagents comprises information such as the types of the reagents, the capacity of the reagents, the quality of the reagents and the storage time of the reagents, and the like, and the electronic tag reader 611 can read and write the reagent information acquired by the electronic tag 621a, so that the monitoring and correction of the reagent information are realized. Further, the electronic tag 621a is an RFID electronic tag or an NFC electronic tag 621a, the electronic tag reader 611 is an RFID or NFC electronic tag reader 611, and the RFID technology-line radio frequency identification, that is, radio frequency identification technology (Radio Frequency Identification, RFID), is one of automatic identification technologies, and performs non-contact bidirectional data communication in a wireless radio frequency manner, and reads and writes a recording medium (electronic tag or radio frequency card) in a wireless radio frequency manner, so as to achieve the purpose of identifying a target and exchanging data. NFC technology-near field Communication technology (NEAR FIELD Communication) is an emerging technology, devices (such as mobile phones) using NFC technology can exchange data under the condition of being close to each other, and the devices are integrated and evolved by non-contact Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and interconnection and interworking technology, and through integrating functions of an inductive card reader, an inductive card and point-to-point Communication on a single chip, mobile terminal is utilized to realize applications such as mobile payment, electronic ticketing, access control, mobile identity identification, anti-counterfeiting and the like. Preferably, in this embodiment, an RFID electronic tag and an RFID electronic tag reader are selected, so that stability is higher.
Example 7
Referring to fig. 18 to 20, an embodiment of the invention discloses a microfluidic detection chip 710, which is disposed in an optical urine detection module to provide a detection environment for optical urine detection, and in particular, the optical urine detection module includes a microscopic image acquisition module 720, a fluorescent image acquisition module 740 and a spectral image acquisition module, and the microfluidic detection chip 710 is disposed in the three modules.
Referring to fig. 18 and 19, the microfluidic detection chip 710 provided by the present invention includes a detection chip body 711, a detection chip sample inlet 712, a sample detection chamber 713 and a first micro flow channel 714, the sample detection chamber 713 is disposed in the detection chip body 711 and is used for accommodating and assisting in detecting a sample, the first micro flow channel 714 is disposed in the detection chip body 711, the sample flows into the sample detection chamber 713 from the detection chip sample inlet 712 through the first micro flow channel 714, in this embodiment, the detection chip sample inlet 712, the sample detection chamber 713 and the first micro flow channel 714 are sequentially communicated, the sample can directly flow into the sample detection chamber 713 through the first micro flow channel 714 for detection, the integration level of the microfluidic detection chip 710 is high, no manual transfer of the detection sample is required, and the detection flow is simple.
The microfluidic detection chip 710 is detachably connected with the microscopic image acquisition module 720, the fluorescent image acquisition module 740 and the spectral image acquisition module, and when the detection chip body 711 in the three is polluted, the microfluidic detection chip 710 can be detached to replace a polluted detection device so as to ensure the accuracy of a detection result.
The microfluidic detection chip 710 is convenient to clean, the cleaning liquid is injected into the first micro flow channel 714, the cleaned sample flows out of the second micro flow channel 716, and the detection chip body 711, the first micro flow channel 714 and the second micro flow channel 716 can be cleaned conveniently.
To facilitate understanding of the structure of the microfluidic detection chip 710, the detection chip body 711, the detection chip sample inlet 712, the sample detection chamber 713, and the first micro flow channel 714 will now be described as follows:
Referring to fig. 18-20, sample detection chamber 713 is partially or fully transparent. The sample detection chamber is used for assisting in detecting a sample, the sample detection chamber 713 comprises an upper cavity wall, a lower cavity wall and a side wall, when the side wall is transparent, the upper cavity wall or the lower cavity wall is transparent, the sample is introduced into the detection chamber, an external light source can penetrate through the side wall, the transparent upper cavity wall or the lower cavity wall to enter the sample detection chamber 713, and light is reflected out of the sample detection chamber 713 through the transparent upper cavity wall or the lower cavity wall, so that a light source environment can be provided for sample detection. When the upper cavity wall and the lower cavity wall are transparent, light provided by the light source can penetrate through the upper cavity wall and the lower cavity wall from one side of the upper cavity wall or the lower cavity wall, and a light environment is provided for sample detection. The microfluidic detection chip 710 in this embodiment is used for assisting in detecting a sample, and has high integration level, simple structure and reduced detection cost.
In this embodiment, the first micro flow channel 714 is disposed in the detecting chip body 711, the sample detecting cavity 713 is located at one section of the first micro flow channel 714, the detecting chip sample inlet 712 is disposed at one end of the first micro flow channel 714 and is communicated with the outside, the sample flows into the first micro flow channel 714 from the detecting chip sample inlet 712 to directly enter the sample detecting cavity 713, and in the sample detecting cavity 713, the detecting module can directly detect urine without transferring the detected sample manually, and the detecting process is simpler.
The detection chip further comprises a detection chip sample outlet 715 and a second micro flow channel 716, wherein the detection chip sample outlet 715 is arranged at one end of the second micro flow channel 716 and is communicated with the outside, and a sample flows out of the detection chip sample outlet 715 from the sample detection chamber 713 through the second micro flow channel 716. The second micro flow channel 716 is arranged in the detection chip body 711, the first micro flow channel 714 is communicated with the second micro flow channel 716, a sample firstly enters the sample detection cavity 713 from the first micro flow channel 714, then flows into the second micro flow channel 716 from the sample detection cavity 713, and finally flows out of the detection chip through the detection chip sample outlet 715, so that sample detection is completed. In this embodiment, the detection chip includes both the first micro flow channel 714 and the second micro flow channel 716, if the sample is a detection sample, the sample forms a waste liquid after being detected by the first micro flow channel 714 and flows out from the second micro flow channel 716, the detection chip can be reused, and if the sample is a cleaning liquid, the inside of the detection chip can be cleaned for the next use.
In another embodiment, the detection chip only includes the first micro flow channel 714 and does not include the second micro flow channel 716, and the sample only cannot enter and exit, and the detection chip is a disposable product.
Referring to fig. 19 and 20, the detection chip body 711 further includes a device chamber for accommodating a detection device for providing a detection environment for sample detection.
Further, the device chamber includes a first device chamber 711a, the first device chamber 711a is configured to accommodate a light emitting device 711b, the light emitting device 711b emits a light source for detecting a sample, the light source projects onto the sample, and the sample projected by the light source is transmitted out of the microfluidic detection chip 710, so that the optical urine detection module detects and analyzes the sample. Further, the light emitting device 711b includes at least one of an ultraviolet light source, an infrared light source, or a visible light source.
Further, the device chamber further comprises a second device chamber 711c, the second device chamber 711c being adapted to house a temperature regulating device 711d. The location of the second device chamber 711c is not limited herein, as long as a suitable temperature environment can be provided for the sample detection chamber, and preferably, in this embodiment, the second device chamber 711c is disposed between the first device chamber 711a and the sample detection chamber 713, and is used for adjusting the temperature of the sample detection chamber 713, when detecting the sample, it is required to ensure that the sample is under a constant temperature condition, and the temperature adjustment device 711d provides a constant temperature environment for sample detection, and the detection effect under the constant temperature condition is better. Further, the temperature adjustment device 711d is partially or fully transparent, and the temperature adjustment device 711d is disposed between the light emitting device 711b and the sample, and the light source emitted by the light emitting device 711b can be projected onto the sample only when the temperature adjustment device 711d is fully or partially transparent. Further, the temperature adjustment device 711d includes a temperature sensor and a temperature control unit.
Further, the device chamber further includes a device seal 711e, in which the device seal 711e seals the bottom of the sample detection chamber 713, and in other embodiments, the device seal 711e may be disposed at other positions, so long as the device seal 711e is located between the sample detection chamber 713 and the second device chamber 711c, so as to ensure that the light emitted by the light emitting device 711b can pass through the device seal 711e to perform the function of assisting in detecting the sample. The device seal 711e also seals the device chamber, and the sample detection chamber 713 passes through the first microchannel 714, so that if the sample flows into the device chamber, the normal operation of each detection device will be affected, and accordingly, the device seal 711e isolates the sample detection chamber 713 from the device chamber, and can effectively prevent the sample from leaking. Further, the device seal 711e is partially or fully transparent, and the light source from the light emitting device 711b can be projected onto the sample only when the device seal 711e is fully or partially transparent.
Referring to fig. 18 to 20, the detection chip body 711 further includes a first chamber cover 711f, and the first chamber cover 711f is used to seal the sample detection chamber 713, prevent sample leakage, and enable good storage of the sample. Further, the first chamber cover 711f is partially or fully transparent, and the light source emitted from the light emitting device 711b can be projected onto the sample only when the first chamber cover 711f is fully or partially transparent. The light-transmitting chamber cover can transmit relevant information of the sample under the irradiation of the light source so as to analyze the sample.
The detection chip body 711 further includes a second chamber cover 711g, and the second chamber cover 711g is disposed at one side of the second micro flow channel 716 for sealing the second micro flow channel 716. The first chamber cover 711f and the second chamber cover 711g seal the entire detection chip body 711. First, the second chamber cover 711g is used as a supporting body to support and accommodate each detection device, the first chamber cover 711f is used as a cover plate to cover the second chamber cover 711g, the first chamber cover 711f is detachably connected with the second chamber cover 711g, specifically, the first chamber cover 711f is clamped, adhered or slidingly connected with the second chamber cover 711g, the first chamber cover 711f is detached, the internal structure of the microfluidic detection chip 710 can be checked, and cleaning, maintenance or replacement of internal components are facilitated.
Further, a sample detection chamber 713 is formed between the first chamber cover 711f and the device chamber, the sample detection chamber 713 is used for storing a sample to be detected, the position of the sample detection chamber 713 corresponds to the position of the device chamber, and the shape and the area of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the sample detection chamber 713 are also adapted to the cross-sectional shape and the area of the device chamber, so that the sample can be detected conveniently. Specifically, in this embodiment, the shape of the sample detection chamber 713 is consistent with the shape of the device chamber, the area size is also consistent, the light source of the sample detection chamber 713 can completely irradiate the sample in the sample storage chamber, the light source can be fully utilized, and the detection efficiency is higher.
Example 8
Referring to fig. 21 and 22, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a microscopic image information acquisition module 730, where the microscopic image information acquisition module 730 includes a microscope body 731, an objective table 735 and a microscopic optical information acquisition component 736, the microscope body 731 includes a lens group 732, a sample to be detected is disposed on the objective table 735, the objective table 735 is disposed on one side of the lens group 732 where an image is incident, the microscopic optical information acquisition component 736 is disposed on the microscope body 731, the sample to be detected forms a current microscopic image of the sample to be detected after being amplified by the lens group 732, the current microscopic image of the sample to be detected reflects the current state of the sample to be detected, the microscopic optical information acquisition component 736 disposed on the microscope body 731 can capture the current state of the sample to be detected, can extract biological information of the sample to be detected amplified by the microscope and store the biological information in the form of a picture, and can transfer the picture to a detection place for detection, so that the detection accuracy is higher, and at the same time, in order to avoid detection errors, the picture can also be called for performing a second verification. The position of the object stage 735, the microscope body 731 and the microscopic optical information collecting component 736 is relatively fixed, so that the sample to be detected can be directly detected after entering the object stage 735, and the detection is more convenient.
To facilitate understanding of the structure of the microscopic image information acquisition module 730, the microscope body 731, stage 735, and microscopic optical information acquisition assembly 736 will now be described separately as follows:
Referring to fig. 22, the microscope includes a light filtering component 734 and a zooming component 733, the light filtering component 734 is disposed between the micro-optical information collecting component 736 and the zooming component 733, the light filtering component 734 includes a first light filtering lens 734b and a second light filtering lens 734b sequentially disposed from one end of the micro-optical information collecting component 736, the first light filtering lens 734b and the second light filtering lens can select a required radiation band, so that the sample presents an image convenient for observation, the zooming component 733 can change focal length within a certain range, thereby obtaining images with different widths and different scene ranges, and the zooming component 733 can change the shooting range by changing the focal length without changing the shooting distance, so that the image composition is very beneficial.
Further, the zooming assembly 733 includes a first amplifying lens 733a, a second amplifying lens 733b and a protecting lens 733c sequentially disposed from one end of the filtering assembly 734, the first amplifying lens 733a and the second amplifying lens 733b provide an amplifying environment for the sample, the second amplifying lens 733b has a certain position, the sample is stored in the microfluidic detection chip 710, the sample is located between a focal length of one and a focal length of two times of the second amplifying lens 733b, the imaging of the sample is beyond the focal length of two times of the first amplifying lens 733a, the imaging is presented as an inverted and amplified real image, the position of the second amplifying lens 733b is certain, and the inverted real image of the first amplifying lens 733a is amplified and presented as an upright false image. The protective glass 733c is used to protect the components inside the microscope from external dust or impurities entering the interior of the microscope and contaminating the lenses.
Further, the first magnifying lens 733a, the second magnifying lens 733b and the protecting lens 733c are centered on the pair Ji Diefang, the first magnifying lens 733a is close to the filtering component 734, the protecting lens 733c is arranged at the tail end of the microscope close to the microfluidic detecting chip 710, and the second magnifying lens 733b is arranged between the first magnifying lens 733a and the protecting lens 733 c. The center alignment stacking can ensure that the relative positions of the first magnifying lens 733a, the second magnifying lens 733b and the protecting lens 733c are fixed, the magnification is a preset magnification, and the position of the object stage 735 corresponds to the position of the first magnifying lens 733a, the second magnifying lens 733b and the protecting lens 733c of the microscope. The positions of the sample, the protective lens 733c, the second magnifying lens 733b and the first magnifying lens 733a are relatively fixed, so that the sample on the stage 735 can be directly detected without frequently adjusting the position relationship among the parts.
Further, the first magnifier lens 733a is a fresnel lens, and the second magnifier lens 733b is a crescent lens or a fresnel lens. The crescent lens is adopted to detect the sample, the smallest collimation incident light focus can be generated, and the projection effect is good. The Fresnel lens is a threaded lens, and is mostly made of a thin sheet formed by injection molding of polyolefin materials, and also has glass, one surface of the lens is a smooth surface, and concentric circles from small to large are inscribed on the other surface of the lens, and the texture of the Fresnel lens is designed according to the interference and interference of light and the requirements of relative sensitivity and receiving angle.
Furthermore, the protecting mirror 733c is a plane mirror, the microfluidic detecting chip 710 includes a light emitting device 711b, a light source of the light emitting device 711b is directly irradiated on the sample, the position of the sample corresponds to that of the microscope, the light source emitted by the light emitting layer is directly irradiated on the microscope, so that the observation is inconvenient, the light reflecting capability of the plane mirror is weak, the plane mirror is arranged at the tail end of the microscope close to the microfluidic detecting chip 710, a better illumination environment can be provided, and the imaging effect of the microscope is better.
Referring to fig. 21, further, the micro-optical information collecting device 736 includes a CCD/CMOS integrated device, which is capable of converting light into electric charges and storing and transferring the electric charges, and also capable of taking out the stored electric charges to change the voltage, so that the CCD integrated device is an ideal imaging device, and has advantages of small volume, light weight, no influence of magnetic field, shock resistance and impact resistance, CMOS is a complementary metal oxide semiconductor, CMOS has N negatively charged and P positively charged semiconductors, and current generated by two complementary effects is read into an image displayed on a chip, so that the CMOS integrated device has low cost and saves more power.
Example 9
Referring to fig. 21 and 23, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a microscopic image acquisition module 720, which includes a microfluidic detection chip 710 and the foregoing microscopic image information acquisition module 730, wherein an objective table 735 is provided on the microfluidic detection chip 710, and the microfluidic detection chip 710 provides a detection environment for sample detection, such as a light environment and a constant temperature environment, so that an image acquired by the microscopic image acquisition module 720 is clearer and can reflect related information of a sample to be detected.
Further, the stage 735 is a sample detection chamber 713 provided on the microfluidic detection chip 710 for receiving a sample.
Example 10
Referring to fig. 24 and 25, an optical information acquisition module 740 is disclosed in an embodiment of the invention,
The optical information collection module 740 includes a microfluidic detection chip 710 and an optical information collection component 741, where the microfluidic detection chip 710 is configured to accommodate a sample and provide a detection environment for optical detection of the sample to assist in collecting optical information of the sample, and is configured to collect optical information of the sample, and in an image collection process, the microfluidic detection chip 710 can provide a detection environment for optical detection of the sample without a microscope, assist in collecting optical information of the sample, and the microfluidic detection chip 710 projects an optical image of the sample into the optical information collection component 741, and the optical information collection component 741 obtains and stores optical image information of the sample, so that cost can be saved. In addition, the sample can flow into the microfluidic detection chip 710, the optical information of the sample is directly collected by the optical information collecting component 740, the sample is not required to be manually transferred and detected, the detection flow is simple, and the cost is saved.
To facilitate understanding of the structure of the optical information collection module 740, the microfluidic detection chip 710 and the fluorescent optical information collection module 741 will now be described separately as follows:
Referring to fig. 26 and 27, the microfluidic detection chip 710 provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes a detection chip body 711, a detection chip sample inlet 712, a sample detection chamber 713 and a first micro flow channel 714, where the sample detection chamber 713 is disposed in the detection chip body 711 and is used for accommodating and assisting in detecting a sample, the first micro flow channel 714 is disposed in the detection chip body 711, the sample flows into the sample detection chamber 713 from the detection chip sample inlet 712 through the first micro flow channel 714, in this embodiment, the detection chip sample inlet 712, the sample detection chamber 713 and the first micro flow channel 714 are sequentially communicated, the sample can directly flow into the sample detection chamber 713 through the first micro flow channel 714 for detection, the integration level of the microfluidic detection chip 710 is high, no need of manual transfer of the detection sample, and the detection flow is simple. The microfluidic detection chip 710 is convenient to clean, the cleaning liquid is injected into the first micro flow channel 714, the cleaned sample flows out of the second micro flow channel 716, and the detection chip body 711, the first micro flow channel 714 and the second micro flow channel 716 can be cleaned conveniently.
Sample detection chamber 713 is partially or fully transparent. The sample detection chamber is used for assisting in detecting a sample, the sample detection chamber 713 comprises an upper cavity wall, a lower cavity wall and a side wall, when the side wall is transparent, the upper cavity wall or the lower cavity wall is transparent, the sample is introduced into the detection chamber, an external light source can penetrate through the side wall, the transparent upper cavity wall or the lower cavity wall to enter the sample detection chamber 713, and light is reflected out of the sample detection chamber 713 through the transparent upper cavity wall or the lower cavity wall, so that a light source environment can be provided for sample detection. When the upper cavity wall and the lower cavity wall are transparent, light provided by the light source can penetrate through the upper cavity wall and the lower cavity wall from one side of the upper cavity wall or the lower cavity wall, and a light environment is provided for sample detection. The microfluidic detection chip 710 in this embodiment is used for assisting in detecting a sample, and has high integration level, simple structure and reduced detection cost.
In this embodiment, the first micro flow channel 714 is disposed in the detection chip body 711, the sample detection chamber 713 is located at one section of the first micro flow channel 714, the detection chip sample inlet 712 is disposed at one end of the first micro flow channel 714 and is communicated with the outside, the sample flows into the first micro flow channel 714 from the detection chip sample inlet 712 to directly enter the sample detection chamber 713, and in the sample detection chamber 713, the detection module can directly detect the sample without transferring the detection sample manually, and the detection flow is simpler.
The detection chip further comprises a detection chip sample outlet 715 and a second micro flow channel 716, wherein the detection chip sample outlet 715 is arranged at one end of the second micro flow channel 716 and is communicated with the outside, and a sample flows out of the detection chip sample outlet 715 from the sample detection chamber 713 through the second micro flow channel 716. The second micro flow channel 716 is arranged in the detection chip body 711, the first micro flow channel 714 is communicated with the second micro flow channel 716, a sample firstly enters the sample detection cavity 713 from the first micro flow channel 714, then flows into the second micro flow channel 716 from the sample detection cavity 713, and finally flows out of the detection chip through the detection chip sample outlet 715, so that sample detection is completed. In this embodiment, the detection chip includes both the first micro flow channel 714 and the second micro flow channel 716, if the sample is a urine sample, the sample forms a waste liquid after being detected by the first micro flow channel 714 and flows out from the second micro flow channel 716, the detection chip can be reused, and if the sample is a cleaning liquid, the inside of the detection chip can be cleaned for the next use.
In another embodiment, the detection chip only includes the first micro flow channel 714 and does not include the second micro flow channel 716, and the sample only cannot enter and exit, and the detection chip is a disposable product.
The test chip body 711 also includes a device chamber for housing a test device for providing a test environment for sample testing.
Further, the device chamber includes a first device chamber 711a, the first device chamber 711a is configured to accommodate a light emitting device 711b, the light emitting device 711b emits a light source for detecting a sample, the light source projects onto the sample, and the sample projected by the light source is transmitted out of the microfluidic detection chip 710, so that the optical sample detection apparatus detects and analyzes the sample. Further, the light emitting device 711b includes at least one of an ultraviolet light source, an infrared light source, or a visible light source.
When the microfluidic detection chip 710 is applied to fluorescence image information collection, the light emitting device 711b emits a light source for exciting a fluorescent substance of a sample, the light source projects onto the sample, and the sample projected by the light source is transmitted out of the microfluidic detection chip 710, so that the optical sample detection device can detect and analyze the fluorescence image of the sample. Further, the light emitting device 711b includes at least one of an ultraviolet light source or a blue-violet light source.
When the microfluidic detection chip 710 is applied to spectrum information collection, the light emitting device 711b emits a light source for exciting spectrum information of a sample, the light source projects onto the sample, and the sample projected by the light source is transmitted out of the microfluidic detection chip 710, so that the optical sample detection device can detect and analyze the spectrum information of the sample. Further, the light emitting device 711b includes at least one of an infrared light source or X-rays.
Further, the device chamber further comprises a second device chamber 711c, the second device chamber 711c being adapted to house a temperature regulating device 711d. The location of the second device chamber 711c is not limited herein, as long as a suitable temperature environment can be provided for the sample detection chamber, and preferably, in this embodiment, the second device chamber 711c is disposed between the first device chamber 711a and the sample detection chamber 713, and is used for adjusting the temperature of the sample detection chamber 713, when detecting the sample, it is required to ensure that the sample is under a constant temperature condition, and the temperature adjustment device 711d provides a constant temperature environment for sample detection, and the detection effect under the constant temperature condition is better. Further, the temperature adjustment device 711d is partially or fully transparent, and the temperature adjustment device 711d is disposed between the light emitting device 711b and the sample, and the light source emitted by the light emitting device 711b can be projected onto the sample only when the temperature adjustment device 711d is fully or partially transparent. Further, the temperature adjustment device 711d includes a temperature sensor and a temperature control unit.
Further, the device chamber further includes a device seal 711e, in which the device seal 711e seals the bottom of the sample detection chamber 713, and in other embodiments, the device seal 711e may be disposed at other positions, so long as the device seal 711e is located between the sample detection chamber 713 and the second device chamber 711c, so as to ensure that the light emitted by the light emitting device 711b can pass through the device seal 711e to perform the function of assisting in detecting the sample. The device seal 711e also seals the device chamber, and the sample detection chamber 713 passes through the first microchannel 714, so that if the sample flows into the device chamber, the normal operation of each detection device will be affected, and accordingly, the device seal 711e isolates the sample detection chamber 713 from the device chamber, and can effectively prevent the sample from leaking. Further, the device seal 711e is partially or fully transparent, and the light source from the light emitting device 711b can be projected onto the sample only when the device seal 711e is fully or partially transparent.
Referring to fig. 18 to 27, the detection chip body 711 further includes a first chamber cover 711f, and the first chamber cover 711f is used to seal the sample detection chamber 713, prevent sample leakage, and enable good storage of the sample. Further, the first chamber cover 711f is partially or fully transparent, and the light source emitted from the light emitting device 711b can be projected onto the sample only when the first chamber cover 711f is fully or partially transparent. The light-transmitting chamber cover can transmit relevant information of the sample under the irradiation of the light source so as to analyze the sample.
Further, the first chamber cover 711f includes an excitation light filter layer 711h between the light emitting device 711b and the sample, the excitation light filter layer 711h for filtering light of spectrum or other light than fluorescence. When the excitation light filter layer 711h is used to filter out other light than fluorescence, the excitation light filter layer includes four groups of ultraviolet light, violet light, blue light, and green light.
The detection chip body 711 further includes a second chamber cover 711g, and the second chamber cover 711g is disposed at one side of the second micro flow channel 716 for sealing the second micro flow channel 716. The first chamber cover 711f and the second chamber cover 711g seal the entire detection chip body 711. First, the second chamber cover 711g is used as a supporting body to support and accommodate each detection device, the first chamber cover 711f is used as a cover plate 624c to cover the second chamber cover 711g, the first chamber cover 711f is detachably connected with the second chamber cover 711g, specifically, the first chamber cover 711f is clamped, adhered or slidingly connected with the second chamber cover 711g, the first chamber cover 711f is detached, the internal structure of the microfluidic detection chip 710 can be checked, and cleaning, maintenance or replacement of internal components are facilitated.
Further, a sample detection chamber 713 is formed between the first chamber cover 711f and the device chamber, the sample detection chamber 713 is used for storing a sample to be detected, the position of the sample detection chamber 713 corresponds to the position of the device chamber, and the shape and the area of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the sample detection chamber 713 are also adapted to the cross-sectional shape and the area of the device chamber, so that the sample can be detected conveniently. Specifically, in this embodiment, the shape of the sample detection chamber 713 is consistent with the shape of the device chamber, the area size is also consistent, the light source of the sample detection chamber 713 can completely irradiate the sample in the sample storage chamber, the light source can be fully utilized, and the detection efficiency is higher.
The optical information collection component 741 comprises an image information collection unit and/or a spectrum information collection unit, wherein the image information collection unit is used for collecting sample image information, and the spectrum information collection unit is used for collecting sample spectrum information. The type of the spectrum information collecting unit is not limited as long as the spectrum information of the sample can be received, in this embodiment, preferably, the spectrum information collecting unit includes a light ray and a micro spectrometer, wherein the optical fiber receiving light path is confocal receiving, that is, the receiving surface and the object surface are conjugate surfaces, so as to realize fixed-point spectrum receiving. One end of the receiving optical fiber is connected with the optical path of the microfluidic detection chip, and the other end of the receiving optical fiber is connected with the micro spectrometer, so that spectrum information in a microcosmic area of an object is obtained.
The image information acquisition unit includes at least one of a fluorescence information acquisition module, a microscopic image information acquisition module 730, and an infrared information acquisition module. The microscopic image information acquisition module 730 is used to acquire microscopic image information of the sample as described above. The fluorescence information acquisition module and the infrared information acquisition module can acquire fluorescence image information and infrared image information of a sample. The types of the fluorescence information acquisition module and the infrared information acquisition module are not limited, so long as the sample image information can be acquired, preferably, in the embodiment, the fluorescence information acquisition module and the infrared information acquisition module can be CCD/CMOS integrated components, the CCD integrated components can change light rays into charges, store and transfer the charges, and also can take out the stored charges to change the voltage, so the CCD integrated components are ideal imaging elements, the CCD integrated components have the advantages of small size, light weight, no influence of a magnetic field, vibration resistance, impact resistance and the like, the CMOS is a complementary metal oxide semiconductor, the COMS is provided with an N-negatively charged semiconductor and a P-positively charged semiconductor, the generated current generated by the two complementary effects is read into an image which is displayed on a chip, and the CMOS integrated components have low cost and are more power-saving.
The optical information acquisition component 741 comprises a light emitting device, wherein the light emitting device comprises light sources with different wave bands, ultraviolet light, infrared light and visible light, a light source environment is provided for sample detection, the light emitting device in the embodiment comprises the light emitting device in the microfluidic detection chip, and the light emitting device in the microfluidic detection chip and a sample detection cavity are both positioned in the microfluidic detection chip, so that an internal light source environment is provided for sample detection. The light emitting device in this embodiment also provides an external light source environment for sample detection, the sample detection chamber is used for assisting in detecting a sample, the sample detection chamber 713 includes an upper chamber wall, a lower chamber wall and a side wall, when the side wall is transparent, the upper chamber wall or the lower chamber wall is also transparent, the sample is introduced into the detection chamber, the external light source can enter the sample detection chamber 713 through the side wall, the transparent upper chamber wall or the lower chamber wall without passing through the microfluidic detection chip 710, and light is reflected out of the sample detection chamber 713 through the transparent upper chamber wall or the lower chamber wall, so that the external light source environment can be provided for sample detection.
The optical information acquisition module comprises the microscopic image acquisition module 720, and further comprises a fluorescent image acquisition module and a spectrum information acquisition module, and can be applied to urine detection, a urine sample is introduced into a sample detection cavity of the microfluidic detection chip, and the optical information acquisition module can acquire microscopic images, fluorescent images and spectrum information of the urine sample. The optical information acquisition module is not limited to be applied to the field of urine detection, but also can be applied to the field of detection of other human body biochemical indexes, and preferably, the sample type also comprises human body fluids such as serum (pulp), urine, saliva and the like, human tissues such as epithelial tissues, mixed liquid of excrement and liquid and the like.
The embodiment provides an optical sample detection device, including aforementioned micro-fluidic detection chip, optical information acquisition module, when optical sample detection device was used for detecting the urine sample, optical sample detection device was optical urine detection module.
Example 11
Referring to fig. 21, 23, 24 and 3, an embodiment of the invention discloses a urine detection module, which is arranged on an intelligent closestool and used for detecting urine, wherein the urine detection module comprises a chemical urine detection module and the optical urine detection module, the chemical urine detection module is used for detecting chemical components in urine to determine various inorganic substances and organic substances in the urine, the semi-quantitative and quantitative detection of the urine is used for carrying out auxiliary diagnosis and curative effect observation on diseases such as urinary system diseases, liver and gall diseases and diabetes, monitoring safety medication and evaluating health status, the optical urine detection module is used for collecting urine sample images, sending the collected images to a controller of the intelligent closestool for analysis or uploading the collected images to an appointed analysis place, and the controller is used for controlling an analysis module to analyze the images collected by the optical urine detection module and outputting analysis results of the urine samples and judging the physical condition of a user according to the analysis results.
The optical urine detection module comprises a microscopic image acquisition module 720, a fluorescent image acquisition module and a spectrum information acquisition module. The microscopic image acquisition module 720 adopts a microscope to check the forms and the quantity of the cell, the tubular type and the salt crystallization pair in urine, and the normal urine is generally free of red blood cells, white blood cells and epithelial cells, and also free of tubular type, and the increase of the components reflects the pathological changes of the urinary system, so that the physical condition of a user can be analyzed. The fluorescence image acquisition module acquires fluorescence information of the urine sample by adopting a fluorescence method, and directly projects the acquired fluorescence information onto the optical information acquisition module 741, so that the optical information acquisition module 741 acquires the fluorescence information of the urine sample. The spectrum information acquisition module can acquire the urine sample image in real time while detecting the urine sample spectrum, the spectrum can generate a signal related to the observation position, such as the counting rate of transmitted photons, the photoelectron yield of total or specific peaks, the fluorescence yield and the like, the signals can give out various information of elements, chemistry, magnetism and the like, and the physical condition of a user can be analyzed according to the spectrum information.
Example 12
Referring to fig. 28 to 31, an electrochemical detection chip 760 is disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, and is inserted onto a body fluid electrochemical detection module 770 for electrochemical detection of urine, wherein the electrochemical detection chip 760 includes an insulating substrate 761 and a plurality of chip electrodes 762, the plurality of chip electrodes 762 may be 1 or a plurality of chip electrodes 762, when the number of chip electrodes 762 is 1, urine drops on the chip electrodes 762, when the number of chip electrodes 762 is a plurality of chip electrodes 762 are arranged on the insulating substrate 761 at predetermined intervals. The plurality of chip electrodes 762 form the reaction part 762a and the conductive part 762b on the insulating substrate 761, urine makes the plurality of chip electrodes 762 conducted on the reaction part 762a to generate a plurality of electric signals to be transmitted to the conductive part 762b for detection, the electrochemical index of the urine is detected through the plurality of electric signals, the related condition of the urine is not judged manually through vision, and the detected urine data is more accurate. The reaction part is used for carrying out chemical reaction with urine, the conductive part is used for forming an electric loop, and the conductive part is not necessarily an electrode and can be a connecting conductor, so long as electric signal transmission can be carried out.
To facilitate understanding of the structure of the electrochemical detection chip 760, the insulating substrate 761 and the plurality of chip electrodes 762 will now be described as follows:
Referring to fig. 28 to 31, at least two chip electrodes 762 are provided, urine has conductivity, when the urine drops on the at least two chip electrodes 762, the urine is communicated with the at least two chip electrodes 762, preferably, the two chip electrodes 762 are taken as an example, the urine is connected with the two chip electrodes 762, the two chip electrodes 762 are respectively positive and negative, the conductive parts 762b of the two chip electrodes 762 are connected with the body fluid electrochemical detection module 770, an electrical loop is formed between the two chip electrodes 762, and an electrical signal on the electrical loop can be detected. When urine is communicated with the plurality of chip electrodes 762, an electric loop is formed between every two adjacent chip electrodes 762, and by detecting electric signals on the plurality of electric loops, a plurality of groups of data can be compared, and the detected result can be more accurate.
Further, the chip electrode 762 is a chip electrode 762, the chip electrode 762 is low in cost and convenient to install, the chip electrode 762 is only required to be adhered to the insulating substrate 761, and the adhered chip electrode 762 is not easy to fall off. Further, when the number of the chip electrodes 762 is plural, the chip electrodes 762 are consistent in structure and should be adhered at predetermined intervals, preferably at equal intervals, so as to ensure that the basic parameters of the circuits are consistent, and reduce the detection error.
Further, since the insulating substrate 761 is made of an insulating material and the chip electrode 762 needs to form an electrical circuit and eliminate interference of other non-insulating factors, it is necessary to ensure that the insulating substrate 761 is an insulator, and the insulating substrate 761 as an insulator does not affect related data information of the electrical circuit, so that the detection result is more accurate.
Further, the electrochemical index comprises one or more of urine specific gravity, urine pH value, urine protein, uric acid, potassium urine, sodium urine, calcium urine, phosphorus urine, sugar urine and chloride urine, which can be obtained by electric signal detection and analysis. Different detection materials are arranged on the chip electrode, and can detect the different indexes, the detection principle is the prior art, and the description is omitted here. The chip electrode on the reaction part comprises a detection material or the reaction part comprises a reaction layer, and the detection material is arranged on the reaction layer, so that the different electrochemical indexes can be detected through the detection material. The urine specific gravity and the urine PH value can be directly detected by the chip electrode, and a reaction layer and a detection material do not need to be arranged.
Referring to fig. 28 to 31, the reaction portion 762a and the conductive portion 762b are located on the same side of the insulating substrate 761 or are disposed on two opposite sides of the insulating substrate. When the reaction portion and the conductive portion are disposed on two opposite sides of the insulating substrate, the chip electrode 762 bypasses the edge of the insulating substrate 761 from one side of the insulating substrate 761 to the other side or the chip electrode 762 extends from one side of the insulating substrate 761 to the other side of the insulating substrate 761 through the inside of the insulating substrate 761, so that the urine can be prevented from flowing into the conductive portion 762b to cause short circuit of the electrical circuit, and the purpose of detection cannot be achieved. Further, the chip electrode 762 may bypass the long side of the insulating substrate 761 and may bypass the short side of the insulating substrate 761, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the chip electrode 762 bypass the short side of the insulating substrate 761, the chip electrode 762 may be laid along the length direction of the insulating substrate 761, the laid distance is longer, the reaction portion 762a is further away from the conductive portion 762b, and urine in the reaction portion 762a may be effectively prevented from flowing into the conductive portion 762b, so that the detection result of this embodiment may be more accurate.
Referring to fig. 31, in one embodiment, an insulating substrate 761 is provided with an isolation structure for protecting a reaction part 762a and a conductive part 762 b.
Specifically, the isolation structure includes a first separator 761a, the first separator 761a being for isolating communication of the reaction part 762a and the conductive part 762b of the substrate with the outside. The first separator 761a is matched with the body fluid electrochemical detection module 770, so that the internal liquid can be effectively prevented from overflowing outside, and the closed space is more beneficial to cleaning the detection module.
The isolation structure further includes a second isolation member 761b, the second isolation member 761b for isolating the reaction part 762a from the conductive part 762b. In this case, the height of the reaction portion 762a should be lower than that of the conductive portion 762b, and urine dropped into the reaction portion 762a does not penetrate into the conductive portion 762b, so that the conductive portion 762b is effectively prevented from being polluted by urine. Further, the second separator 761b has a concave structure, urine flowing into the reaction part 762a is collected in the second separator 761b and is communicated with the chip electrode 762 in the second separator 761b, and urine does not permeate into the conductive part 762b. Further, each of the chip electrodes 762 includes a chip electrode bending portion, and the chip electrode bending portion is adapted to a side wall of the reaction portion 762a, so that the chip electrodes 762 can be continuously and uninterruptedly arranged on the reaction portion 762a and the conductive portion 762b. Further, the reaction part 762a is provided with a reaction part liquid outlet 762c, the reaction part liquid outlet 762c extends out of the edge of the insulating substrate 761 from the second separator 761b, the liquid in the reaction part 762a can flow out from the reaction part 762a to the bottom of the reaction cavity 771c of the detection module through the reaction part liquid outlet 762c, and the liquid cannot overflow to the conductive part 762b, so that the conductive part 762b can be effectively protected.
Example 13
Referring to fig. 32 to 39, the invention discloses a body fluid electrochemical detection module 770, which is used for detecting human urine, is not limited to the field of urine detection, but can be applied to the field of detection of other human biochemical indexes, and preferably, the sample type also comprises human body fluids such as serum (pulp), urine, saliva and the like, human tissues such as epithelial tissues, mixed liquid of excrement and liquid and the like. The body fluid electrochemical detection module 770 includes a detection module body 771, an electrochemical sample inlet 772 and a plurality of connection electrodes 773, the detection module body 771 includes a reaction area 771a and a connection area 771b, the plurality of connection electrodes 773 are arranged on the connection area 771b according to a predetermined interval, the plurality of connection electrodes 773 are used for forming an electrochemical reaction loop, the plurality of connection electrodes 773 can be 1 or a plurality of connection electrodes 773, when the number of connection electrodes 773 is 1, urine drops on the chip electrode 762, the chip electrode 762 is connected with the connection electrodes 773 and forms an electrical loop, when the number of connection electrodes 773 is plurality, the plurality of connection electrodes 773 are arranged on the connection area 771b according to a predetermined interval, liquid enters the reaction area 771a from the electrochemical sample inlet 772, the liquid includes urine, the urine can carry out electrochemical reaction after entering the reaction area 771a, the plurality of connection electrodes 773 can detect various data of the urine, and the accuracy of urine detection can be improved.
In order to facilitate understanding of the structure of the body fluid electrochemical detection module 770, the components of the detection module will now be described as follows:
Referring to fig. 32 to 35, the detection module further includes an electrochemical sample outlet 774, and the electrochemical sample outlet 774 is used for flowing out the liquid. When the liquid is urine, the detected waste liquid flows from the electrochemical sample outlet 774 to the waste liquid pool, and when the liquid is cleaning liquid, the cleaned cleaning liquid also flows from the electrochemical sample outlet 774 to the waste liquid pool. Further, the detection module further comprises a sample outlet pipeline 776, the electrochemical sample outlet 774 is arranged at one end of the sample inlet pipeline 775, the other end of the sample inlet pipeline 775 is arranged in the reaction zone 771a, and liquid from the sample inlet pipeline 775 is discharged out of the detection module body 771 through the sample outlet pipeline 776 and the electrochemical sample outlet 774.
The body fluid electrochemical detection module 770 also includes a sample conduit 775 through which fluid enters the reaction zone 771a via an electrochemical sample inlet 772. The liquid flowing into the sample injection pipeline 775 comprises a mixed liquid of urine and reagent, and the sample injection pipeline 775 is provided with a micro-flow pump, so that quantitative acquisition of a liquid sample can be realized.
Further, the sample line 775 includes a sample line outlet 775b, the sample line outlet 775b is opposite to the reaction zone 771a, the liquid flowing from the sample line 775 to the reaction zone 771a is uniformly diffused, and the measured data is more accurate. The sampling pipeline 775 further comprises a sampling pipeline body 775a, the sampling pipeline body 775a is arranged along the length direction of the detection module, the sampling pipeline 775 further comprises a bending portion 775c, a sampling pipeline liquid outlet 775b is arranged at the tail end of the bending portion 775c, the head end of the bending portion 775c is connected with the sampling pipeline body 775a, the bending angle of the bending portion 775c is 90 degrees, and therefore the second liquid outlet of the sampling pipeline 775 which is arranged in parallel is opposite to the reaction area 771a.
Furthermore, the sample tube 775 is integrated in the detection module body 771, the sample tube 775 can be integrated on the side wall, the top wall or the inside of the module body, the sample tube 775 can be supported, and the sample tube 775 can be prevented from sliding so that the sample tube liquid outlet 775b is misplaced.
Referring to fig. 34 to fig. 39, further, the reaction area 771a includes a reaction chamber 771c, a sample outlet tube 776 is communicated with the reaction chamber 771c, the reaction chamber 771c is used for accommodating a liquid, specifically accommodating a sample to be detected and a waste liquid, the sample outlet tube 776 is used for discharging the waste liquid out of the detection module body 771, a reaction portion 762a of the detection chip is located in the reaction chamber 771c, the reaction portion 762a can only accommodate a small amount of liquid flowing in from the sample inlet tube 775, and an excessive liquid flows into the bottom of the reaction chamber 771c from the reaction portion 762a to become the waste liquid.
The reaction chamber 771c includes a chamber 771d and a sealing structure 771e, and the sealing structure 771e is used for sealing the chamber 771d, so that the reaction chamber 771c becomes a sealed chamber 771d, and liquid directly flows out of the sample tube 776 after flowing into the reaction chamber 771c, so that the liquid cannot be accumulated, overflows from the reaction chamber 771c, and cannot remain in the detection module body 771. Further, a sample tube mounting hole 711g is provided on the sealing structure 771e, the sample tube 775 is communicated with the reaction chamber 771c through the sample tube mounting hole 711g, and the sample tube 775 is hermetically connected with the sealing structure 771e through the sample tube mounting hole 711 g.
Further, referring to fig. 35 to 36, a liquid collecting groove 771f is provided at the bottom of the reaction chamber 771c, the liquid collecting groove 771f is communicated with the outlet pipe 776, and the liquid collecting groove 771f is used for collecting the liquid in the reaction area 771a into the outlet pipe 776. The lowest height of the liquid collecting tank 771f is not lower than the lowest height of the sample outlet pipeline 776, the side wall of the liquid collecting tank 771f is an arc surface or an inclined surface, the width of the bottom of the liquid collecting tank 771f is smaller than the height of the top, and liquid in the reaction zone 771a can be converged to the bottom of the liquid collecting tank 771f along the side wall of the liquid collecting tank 771f and then flows into the sample outlet pipeline 776 from the bottom.
The liquid is a urine sample or a cleaning liquid. When the liquid is a urine sample, the urine sample flows into the reaction part 762a of the detection chip from the sample injection pipeline 775 and forms an electric loop, the detection module detects parameters of the urine sample through the electric loop, the redundant urine flows into the reaction cavity 771c from the reaction part 762a, and waste liquid in the reaction cavity 771c can be converged into the liquid collection groove 771f and flows into the sample injection pipeline 776, and finally flows out of the detection module. When the liquid is a cleaning liquid, the liquid cleans the detection module, the cleaning liquid flows into the reaction area 771a from the sample injection pipeline 775 to clean the reaction part 762a of the detection chip, the redundant cleaning liquid and the cleaned waste liquid flow into the reaction cavity 771c to clean the side wall of the cavity 771d and the liquid collecting groove 771f, and the cleaned waste liquid flows out of the detection module from the sample outlet pipeline 776.
Example 14
Referring to fig. 38 and 39, the electrochemical body fluid detection device 750 includes an electrochemical detection chip 760 and the aforementioned body fluid electrochemical detection module 770, the detection module includes a connection area 771b and a reaction area 771a, the detection chip includes a reaction portion 762a, a conductive portion 762b and an isolation structure, the connection area 771b corresponds to the conductive portion b, the reaction area 771a corresponds to the reaction portion 762a, the conductive portion 762b is detachably inserted into the connection area 771b, a circuit is formed in the reaction area 771a and urine flows into the reaction portion 762a, the detection module calculates the conductivity of urine by detecting the current value in the circuit, the detection environment is wider, when the data of a plurality of urine samples are needed to be detected, the detection module can be quickly and conveniently plugged in and pulled out to replace the detection module, the detection module of different types has different electrodes, the different electrodes form different circuit loops, the current values on the different circuit loops are different, the finally detected conductivity is also different, the detected conductivity is also different, and the detected sample and the data can be analyzed by comparing with the pre-input reference value, thus the detected sample data is more accurate, and the detected sample data is analyzed. Meanwhile, the detection module can be reused, and the detection cost can be reduced. Meanwhile, the isolation structure may effectively protect the reaction part 762a and the conductive part 762b.
Further, the detection module includes a sealing structure 771e, where the sealing structure 771e is configured to cooperate with the isolation structure to seal the reaction portion 762a from the reaction region 771 a. After the sealing structure 771e seals the reaction part 762a and the reaction region 771a, the reaction part 762a and the reaction region 771a may be cleaned.
Further, the connection electrode 773 of the connection region 771b is provided corresponding to the chip electrode 762 of the conductive part 762b, and the reaction region 771a is provided corresponding to the reaction part 762 a.
Example 15
Referring to fig. 40, the embodiment of the invention discloses a rapid human body biochemical index detection system, which comprises a sampling device, a sampling device and a detection device, wherein the sampling device is used for collecting samples required for detecting human body biochemical indexes, the sampling device is used for transmitting the collected samples to a designated position for detection, the detection device is used for detecting the samples and obtaining human body biochemical index information, the detection device at least comprises an optical detection module and a chemical detection module, the sampling device is used for respectively transmitting the samples to the optical detection module and the chemical detection module, the optical detection module can detect the optical information of the samples, the chemical detection module can detect the chemical information of the samples, the optical information and the chemical information of the samples are combined, the human body biochemical index information can be detected more comprehensively, and the detected index information is more accurate.
Preferably, the sample types which can be detected by the human body biochemical index rapid detection system mainly comprise human body fluids such as serum (pulp), urine, saliva and the like, and human tissues such as epithelial tissues.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the body fluid is preferably urine, and the sampling device includes the aforementioned urine sampler and urine sampling head for sampling the urine sample.
Preferably, the sample injection device comprises a urine transmission pipeline, and the urine transmission pipeline transmits the urine sample collected by the urine sampler to the detection device for urine detection.
Preferably, the optical detection module comprises the optical urine detection module, the optical urine detection module can detect optical information of the urine sample, the chemical detection module comprises the chemical urine detection module, and the chemical detection module can detect chemical information of the urine sample.
Preferably, the optical detection module comprises a microscopic detection module for acquiring microscopic images of the sample. The microscopic detection module comprises the microscopic image acquisition module and is used for carrying out urine detection by adopting a later-described urine detection method based on the microscopic image according to the microscopic image of the acquired urine sample.
Preferably, the optical detection module comprises a fluorescence detection module for collecting images of the sample after fluorescence excitation. The fluorescence detection module comprises the fluorescence image acquisition module and is used for performing urine detection by adopting a urine component detection method based on fluorescent reagent according to the acquired image of the urine sample excited by fluorescence.
Preferably, the optical detection module comprises a spectrum detection module for detecting spectrum information of the sample. The spectrum detection module comprises the spectrum information acquisition module and is used for detecting urine according to the detected spectrum information of the urine sample by adopting a spectrum detection method of urine components.
Preferably, the chemical detection module comprises an electrochemical detection module for detecting the electric signal change information of the sample. The electrochemical detection module comprises the electrochemical body fluid detection device and is used for detecting urine according to the detected change information of the electric signal of the urine sample by adopting a urine electrochemical detection method.
Preferably, the sample introduction device comprises a microfluidic pump for temporarily storing and quantitatively transferring the sample.
Preferably, the system further comprises a cleaning device for cleaning the human body biochemical index rapid detection system. In one embodiment, the system itself may be used as a cleaning system, such as by introducing a cleaning fluid into the urine electrochemical detection module, and after the cleaning, the cleaning fluid becomes a waste fluid and flows out of the urine electrochemical detection module.
Preferably, the system also comprises a driving device for driving the human body biochemical index rapid detection system to work. The driving device can be a stepping motor for driving each part of the human body biochemical index rapid detection system to operate.
Preferably, the system further comprises a control device, wherein the control device is used for controlling the human body biochemical index rapid detection system. The control device can be a central processing unit, controls the sampling device to sample, controls the sampling device to transmit the acquired sample to the position of the detection device to detect, and controls the detection device to detect.
Example 16
Referring to fig. 41 to 43, an embodiment of the invention discloses a urine detection method based on microscopic images, which comprises the following steps:
s100, injecting urine into a sample detection chamber;
the sample detection cavity is positioned in the microfluidic detection chip, the position of the sample detection cavity is fixed in the detection process, the position of the sample detection cavity is relatively fixed with the position between the microscope body and the microscopic optical information acquisition component, urine can be directly injected into the sample detection cavity, the urine waits to be detected after entering the sample detection cavity, the manual adjustment of the placement position of the urine sample is not needed, and the detection flow is simple.
S110, controlling light of a background light source to enter the sample detection chamber through the chamber wall of the sample detection chamber;
the sample detection cavity comprises an upper cavity wall, a lower cavity wall and a side wall, when the side wall is transparent, the upper cavity wall or the lower cavity wall is also transparent, a sample is introduced into the detection cavity, an external background light source can penetrate through the side wall, the transparent upper cavity wall or the lower cavity wall to enter the sample detection cavity, and light is reflected out of the sample detection cavity through the transparent upper cavity wall or the lower cavity wall, so that a light source environment can be provided for sample detection. When the upper cavity wall and the lower cavity wall are transparent, light provided by the light source can penetrate through the upper cavity wall and the lower cavity wall from one side of the upper cavity wall or the lower cavity wall, and a light environment is provided for sample detection. The background light source arranged in the step can adapt to the requirements of different detection environments.
S120, acquiring microscopic image information of urine through a sample detection chamber;
the microscopic optical information acquisition component of the embodiment is arranged on one side of the microscope body and can acquire microscopic image information from the microscope body. The microscopic optical information acquisition component can store microscopic image information of the acquired urine sample, and the image information is handed over to a detection place for detection, so that the detection accuracy is higher. In addition, to avoid detection errors, the image information can also be called for secondary verification.
S130, acquiring a microscopic image of a urine sample;
And shooting the urine microscopic image by using a microscopic optical information acquisition component, storing the shot microscopic image and sending the microscopic image to a control system, and analyzing and processing the urine microscopic image.
S140, primarily classifying the urinary sediment through a neural network algorithm;
in this step, the type of the neural network algorithm is not limited, and at least one of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), and a neural network algorithm for generating a countermeasure network (GAN) may be selected, and preferably, in this embodiment, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is used in the present invention. Urine sediment is a shaped component in urine, is sediment formed by centrifuging the urine, is a combination of the urine with the formation components and the amount, comprises various shaped components such as cells, tubes, crystals, bacteria, sperms and the like, and needs to be determined when the urine is detected, so that the urine sediment needs to be initially classified.
S141, primarily classifying each urinary sediment according to the tube type, cells, crystals, bacteria and sperms;
The network structure of the CNN is provided with a convolution layer, a sampling layer and a full-connection layer, each layer is generally covered with a plurality of independent neurons, and the neurons are mutually connected to form a two-dimensional plane, so that the CNN has good performance in identifying two-dimensional shapes. The network structure in the new form can be kept unchanged when the image to be identified is scaled, translated and tilted, and has strong adaptability to image deformation. In the supervised mode, CNN adopts the supervised training mode because a large number of training samples are required and links are established between the training samples and the test samples.
Adopting CNN to carry out preliminary classification on each urinary sediment according to the tube type, cells, crystals, bacteria and sperms, wherein the convolution and sampling process mainly comprises feature extraction, feature mapping and sub-sampling:
S142, counting bacteria and sperms respectively;
Counting bacteria and sperms, wherein the number of the bacteria reflects the infection condition of the urinary tract, the more the bacteria are, the more serious the urinary tract infection condition is, and the number of the sperms reflects the health condition of the reproductive system of a human body.
S150, recognizing primarily classified urinary sediment through image processing and calculating morphological parameters and gray level statistical parameters of various urinary sediment;
In the step, the morphological parameters and the gray level statistical parameters reflect the image characteristics of various urine sediments, and the types of various urine sediments can be determined by calculating the morphological parameters and the gray level statistical parameters of various urine sediments.
Referring to fig. 43, the step S150 includes:
S151, performing image denoising treatment on the primarily classified urine sediment image;
And (3) removing some irrelevant information such as noise of the urinary sediment image, increasing contrast, improving image quality and clearly separating the foreground and the background of the urinary sediment image. The denoising method is not limited herein, and may be gaussian low-pass filtering, bilateral filtering denoising, non-local mean denoising, kernel regression denoising, and the like, and preferably, in this embodiment, a gaussian filter is selected for denoising, and the gaussian filter is a linear filter, so that noise can be effectively suppressed, and an image can be smoothed.
A two-dimensional gaussian function is as follows:
Where (x, y) is the point coordinates, which can be considered an integer in image processing, and σ is the standard deviation. To obtain a template for a gaussian filter, the gaussian function may be discretized, and the resulting gaussian function value may be used as a coefficient for the template and then applied to an image for picture processing.
S152, performing image enhancement processing on the urine sediment image subjected to the image denoising processing;
the image enhancement process can correct for the effects of uneven illumination on the urinary sediment image.
The definition of the top hat transform of the grayscale image f is f minus its on operation:
That(f)=f-(f°b)
The definition of the bottom cap transform of the grayscale image f is f-off operation minus f:
Bhat(f)=(f·b)-f
(f DEG b) represents an open operation of the result element on the target image, and (f DEG b) represents a close operation on the target element.
Therefore, the top cap-bottom cap transformation is then:
TBhat＝f+That-Bhat
S153, performing image segmentation processing on the urine sediment image subjected to the image enhancement processing;
The image edge algorithm is adopted to carry out image segmentation processing in the step, but the processing mode is not limited to the image edge algorithm, and can be a plurality of image segmentation algorithms, an image threshold segmentation algorithm, a segmentation algorithm based on regions, a morphological watershed algorithm and the like. An edge is a collection of gray scale abrupt pixels in an image, typically detected using differentiation. The edge detection algorithm comprises a Roberts operator, a Prewitt operator, a Sobel operator, a Marr-Hilderth edge detection algorithm, a Canny edge detection algorithm and the like, and in the step, the Canny edge detection algorithm is selected.
A) And calculating the gradient strength and the gradient direction of each pixel point in the image.
In the image, the degree and direction of change of the gradation value are expressed by gradients. Gx(m,n),gy (m, n), the gradient value and the gradient direction of the comprehensive gradient are calculated through the following formulas:
Where (m, n) is a point coordinate, which can be considered an integer in image processing.
B) Non-maximum (Non-Maximum Suppression) suppression is applied to eliminate spurious responses from edge detection. The width of the edge is made to be 1 pixel point as much as possible, if a pixel point belongs to the edge, the gradient value of the pixel point in the gradient direction is the largest. Otherwise, the gray value is set to 0 instead of the edge.
C) Double-Threshold (Double-Threshold) detection is applied to determine true and potential edges. Two thresholds (threshold) are set, maxVal and minVal, respectively. Where all greater than maxVal are detected as edges and all lower than minval are detected as non-edges. And judging the middle pixel point as an edge if the middle pixel point is adjacent to the pixel point determined as the edge, and judging the middle pixel point as a non-edge if the middle pixel point is not adjacent to the pixel point determined as the edge.
D) Edge detection is ultimately accomplished by suppressing isolated weak edges.
S154, identifying the shape characteristics of various urinary sediment;
s155, calculating morphological parameters and gray level statistical parameters of various urinary sediment.
The morphological parameters are calculated on the basis of a binary image photographed by a microscope, and are mainly used for acquiring morphological information as 5 sets of characteristic values. The morphological parameters include area S, perimeter L, circularity C, rectangularity R and contour fitting error.
A) Area S
The area S is the number of pixels in the target area and is therefore related to the boundary of the target.
Wherein p and q are the maximum values of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the region, and R is the target region.
B) Perimeter L
The perimeter L is the sum of all pixels on the boundary of the target area. The mathematical expression is as follows:
where N represents the total number of pixel points of the outline and Ti represents the number of chain codes to trace the outline of the cell from the ith point to the next point in a counter-clockwise direction.
C) Degree of circularity C
The image circularity C represents the degree to which the shape of the target image is close to a circle, is a comprehensive measure representing parameter of the shape of the area, and has the mathematical expression:
when C is 1, the target image shape is a circle, and as the value of C increases, the target image shape deviates from the circle.
D) Rectangle degree R
The image rectangle degree R is the deviation degree of the product of the area of the target image outline and the target height and width, and the mathematical expression is as follows:
Where W represents the width of the target image bounding rectangle, H represents the height of the target image bounding rectangle, and r=1 when the target area is a rectangle.
E) Fitting error:
The fitting error refers to the distance error between a point on the contour of the region and a corresponding point on the fitting curve, and can be represented by the average distance between the boundary of the region and the corresponding point pair of the fitting curve.
Wherein N is the number of pixel points on the contour, (xk,yk) represents a certain point on the contour, (uk,yk) is (xk,yk) points on the corresponding fitting curve, and the symbol II is used to find the distance between the two points. Obviously, the smaller the fitting error, the more the fitted curve fits to the target boundary, the closer the cell is to a circle or ellipse.
The gray statistical features are mainly calculated based on a gray histogram of a microscopic cell image, and the extracted feature parameters of the gray statistical features comprise an average value m, a variance sigma, a third-order moment mu_3 and consistency U.
Where L represents the number of gray levels of the gray image, zi represents a random gray value, and p (zi) represents a histogram of one region.
F) Average value m
The average value m represents the average gray value of a certain target area of the image, and the mathematical expression is as follows:
g) Variance sigma
The variance sigma represents the diffusion degree of gray scales in a certain target area of an image, and the mathematical expression is as follows:
h) Third order moment mu3
The third moment mu3 reflects the symmetry of the image gray histogram, and the mathematical expression is:
i) Consistency U
The consistency U reflects the discrete degree of gray value distribution in a certain area, and the mathematical expression is as follows:
S160, performing secondary classification on various urinary sediment substances through a machine learning algorithm with interpretability according to morphological parameters and gray level statistical parameters of the various urinary sediment substances;
The interpretable machine learning algorithm includes one of LightGBM classification algorithm, logistic regression algorithm, SVM algorithm, random forest algorithm, KNN algorithm, and bayesian algorithm. In the present embodiment, the type of classification algorithm employed is not limited, and preferably LightGBM classification algorithm is employed.
Specifically, step S7 includes:
s161, classifying the targets, calculating morphological parameters and calculating gray statistics into a training set and a testing set, constructing LightGBM classification models by taking the training set as an input variable, and optimizing parameters of the LightGBM classification models by adopting a grid search method to obtain optimized LightGBM classification models.
And S162, training the optimized LightGBM classification model by using the test set to obtain a trained LightGBM classification model.
S163, outputting type subdivision through a model.
The secondary classification of various urinary sediments is the subdivision of the forms, cells and crystals.
The presence of tubular urine, an important component of urinary sediment, suggests a substantial damage to the kidney, representing a damage to the glomerulus or tubular.
The tube type is classified into the following categories:
1) transparent tube type, 2) cell tube type, 3) particle tube type, 4) wax tube type, 5) fat tube type, 6) mixed tube type, and 7) wide tube type.
Cells are classified into the following categories:
1) erythrocytes, 2) leukocytes, 3) squamous epithelial cells, 4) non-squamous epithelial cells, 5) phagocytic cells, 6) heterologous cells.
Crystallization is classified into the following categories:
1) calcium oxalate crystallization, 2) uric acid crystallization, 3) phosphate crystallization, 4) drug crystallization.
S170, counting each urine sediment after secondary classification to obtain a counting result;
s180, obtaining a urine detection result according to the counting result of each urinary sediment.
Example 17
The embodiment discloses a urine component detection method based on fluorescent reagent, please refer to fig. 44 and 45, comprising the following steps:
S200, injecting urine and fluorescent reagent into a sample detection chamber;
In this step, the urine may be injected first and then the fluorescent reagent, or the fluorescent reagent may be injected first and then the urine may be injected, or the urine may be mixed with the fluorescent reagent first and then the mixed solution of the urine and the fluorescent reagent may be injected.
The sample detection cavity is positioned in the microfluidic detection chip, the position of the sample detection cavity is fixed in the detection process, urine can be directly injected into the sample detection cavity, the urine waits to be detected after entering the sample detection cavity, the manual adjustment of the placement position of the urine sample is not needed, and the detection flow is simple.
The method further comprises the following steps before the step S200:
S201, defoaming treatment is carried out on the urine.
Certain bubbles are usually present in urine, and the presence of bubbles affects the amount of urine sampled and the detection effect, so that the bubble removal treatment is required.
In this embodiment, the urine defoaming treatment mainly adopts a precipitation defoaming method, but the defoaming method is not limited thereto, and may be a chemical defoaming method, a physical defoaming method, or the like.
S210, a fluorescent light source emits fluorescent reagent excitation light to the sample detection chamber, and the mixed solution of the urine and the fluorescent reagent is excited to generate fluorescence;
the mixed liquid of urine and fluorescent reagent contains fluorescent substance which can be excited to generate fluorescence, and the fluorescent substance is irradiated by the fluorescent light source, so that the mixed liquid can emit fluorescence.
Step S210 includes:
S211, performing filtering treatment on light rays emitted by the fluorescent light source, and then exciting the mixed solution of the urine and the fluorescent reagent to generate fluorescence.
In step S211, only the fluorescent light source capable of exciting the fluorescent substance remains as a result of the filtering processing, and the influence of other light sources on the excitation effect when exciting the fluorescent substance is avoided.
S220, collecting the mixed liquor fluorescence image excited by the fluorescence light source through the sample detection chamber.
The sample detection chamber is partially transparent or completely transparent, and the mixed liquor fluorescent image can penetrate and emit the sample detection chamber.
The optical information acquisition component of the embodiment is arranged on one side of the sample detection chamber, and can acquire fluorescence image information from the sample detection chamber. The optical information acquisition component can store the acquired fluorescence image information of the mixed liquid, and transfer the image information to a detection position for detection, so that the detection accuracy is higher. In addition, to avoid detection errors, the image information can also be called for secondary verification.
The method further comprises, before step S220:
s221, filtering the light transmitted through the sample detection chamber to leave fluorescence generated by the mixed solution.
Step S221 has the denoising function, although the fluorescent light source only leaves the light source capable of exciting fluorescent substances after the first filtering, the light source can generate light rays with different wave bands, the light rays with different wave bands can penetrate through the sample detection chamber, but only the light rays with the wave bands in the designated range can excite the fluorescent substances, the light rays with other wave bands can be emitted from the sample detection chamber along with the excited fluorescent light, and the excited fluorescent light has certain interference, so that the filtering treatment is needed in the step to improve the detection effect.
Step S220 includes:
S222, filtering the ambient light on the fluorescent transmission path before acquisition.
In the foregoing steps S221 and S222, although the interference of the fluorescent light source itself is eliminated, the interference of the external ambient light on the urine detection cannot be eliminated, so the ambient light on the fluorescent transmission path is filtered before the fluorescent image is collected, and therefore, the collected fluorescent image is more accurate, and the finally obtained urine detection result is more accurate.
After step S220, the method further comprises:
s223, cleaning the detection device.
Urine has certain peculiar smell, if do not handle, peculiar smell still can aggravate, influences air circumstance, simultaneously, if do not carry out cleaning treatment, remaining urine can influence the urine detection of next time. The detection device relates to all devices in the whole detection process, mainly relates to cleaning the urine sampling, urine transmission and urine detection related devices, and in the embodiment, cleaning treatment is carried out on the urine sampling, sampling micro-flow pump, the urine transmission pipeline and the urine detection module.
After step S220, the present invention further includes the steps of:
S230, acquiring a urine collection image of a urine sample added with a fluorescent reagent after fluorescence excitation;
s240, inputting the urine collection image into a preset neural network model;
to analyze the image data of the urine sample, the urine collection image of the urine sample after fluorescence excitation is used as an input original image, and the input original image is input into a neural network model with a preset value. The neural network model includes a fast R-CNN, SSD, and YOLO, etc., and in this embodiment, the type of use is not limited, and preferably, the fast R-CNN model is selected for the identification in this step.
The Faster R-CNN model is selected for identification, which comprises the following contents:
The method selects a relatively simple ResNet network to replace the VGG16 network used by the original network, because the ResNet network uses the residual block structure, the gradient disappearance problem caused by the deepening of the network layer number can be effectively prevented, and the ResNet network has relatively less operation time in ResNet series network, so that the network is finally selected as the characteristic extractor of the network. The size of the input network is set to 640 x 640, the sub-image block size does not satisfy 640, and the sub-image edges are padded with 0's to adjust to the input size. After inputting the image into the feature extraction layer, resNet network adopts five stages of convolution layer combination, batch normalization layer, reLU activation layer and maximum pooling layer to perform feature extraction, and residual error block structure realized by short link is used for providing learning of residual error. To intuitively explain the effect of the feature extraction layer, the feature map output by the five feature layers of ResNet is visualized. The network structure of ResNet and the visualization effect C1-C5 of the feature map represent the 1 st feature layer to the 5 th feature layer, each feature layer is obtained by downsampling upper layer data, and the sizes of C1-C5 are in sequence [320,320], [160,160], [80,80], [40,40], [20,20] as the input size is fixed to 640 x 640.
S250, weighting the blocked cell images in the urine collection image in each layer of convolutional neural network of the neural network model;
in the urine collection image, there may be occlusion between cells, and the occluded cells are difficult to find by the neural network model, and the urine collection image needs to be weighted.
Step S250 includes embedding an attention mechanism in each layer of convolutional neural network S251.
In order to solve the problem of shielding among cells, the attention mechanism is embedded in each layer of convolutional neural network, and the shielded cells in each layer of convolutional neural network are weighted, so that the receptive field of the characteristic extraction layer of the convolutional neural network is enhanced, and the performance of the neural network model is improved.
S260, performing cell omission prevention identification treatment on the weighted urine collection image:
The attention mechanism includes the following:
The urine collection image input into the convolutional neural network is subjected to feature extraction after passing through a feature extraction layer of the convolutional neural network, so that a feature map with the shape of H multiplied by W multiplied by C is obtained, wherein the size of the feature map is expressed by H multiplied by W, and C is the channel number.
Compression (Sequeeze) performs feature compression along the spatial dimension, changing each two-dimensional feature channel into a real number, which has a global receptive field to some extent, and the output dimension matches the input feature channel number. It characterizes the global distribution of responses over the characteristic channels and allows layers close to the input to obtain global receptive fields. The specific operation is to perform global pooling layer processing (global average pooling) on the original feature map c×w×h, and then obtain a feature map with a size of 1×1×c, where the feature map has a global receptive field.
The output 1x1xC feature map is activated (normalized), then passed through two fully connected neural networks, and finally a mechanism similar to the gate in the recurrent neural network is used to generate weights for each feature channel by parameters.
And (3) feature recalibration, namely using a result obtained by specification as weight, and then weighting the weight to C channels of the U channel by channel through multiplication to finish recalibration of the original features in the channel dimension and using the result as input data of the next stage.
Step S260 also includes S261, performing feature fusion treatment on the cells with different sizes.
In the urine collection image, not only the problem that cells are blocked, but also the problem that fluorescent cells are uneven in size are solved, and too small cells and blocked cells can be omitted, so that feature fusion treatment is required to be carried out on the cells with different sizes, and the feature fusion treatment is mainly used for identifying the boundary frames of the cells in the urine collection image.
In the embodiment, the feature pyramid network FPN (feature pyramid networks) is fused into the Faster R-CNN, so that the knowledge of the detector on the whole image information is increased.
1) Firstly, the urine collection image is sent into a fused bottom layer network, and a five-stage characteristic diagram is obtained through a network of ResNet and an attention mechanism structure combination.
2) The C1-C5 layers are feature layers obtained by a feature extraction network, then the dimension of the C4 layers is reduced by 1X 1 convolution to enable the number of the feature channels of the C4 to be matched with the number of the feature channels of the P5, the P5 is up-sampled to enable the sizes of the feature graphs in the P5 and the C4 to be consistent, finally the feature channels and the feature graphs are added to obtain a fusion layer P4, and other layers are similar.
3) Then, performing RPN training on the obtained P2-P6 layers (top down network, core of FPN) to obtain candidate regions (region proposal), and connecting a classification layer and a regression layer after convolution by 3×3 as in the operation of the original FASTER R CNN. P2-P5 are used to predict the bounding box of cells, and P6 is used in RPN network.
S270, improving the identification area suggestion frame of the cells.
And inputting the feature map output by the FPN structure into an RPN network layer, and forming a certain number of prior frames according to the feature map in the form of a sliding window. The original FASTER R CNN sets three prior frames with the aspect ratios of (1:2, 1:1, 2:1), and the three prior frames can adapt to objects with different shapes and sizes in the COCO data set. To adapt the model to the characteristics of the cell, the initial aspect ratio of the generated a priori box is adjusted to (1:2, 4:5,1:1, 2:1). And the initial size of the prior frames is set to (16,32,64,128,256), 20 prior frames are generated for each point on the feature map, and a total of W x H x 20 prior frames are generated on a picture of size W x H. And then carrying out two classification on the prior frame, wherein the classification method is based on IoU threshold classification method. The prior frames with IoU of the real frames of any sugarcane seedling being more than 0.8 are classified as foreground, and the prior frames with IoU values of all the real frames being less than 0.2 are classified as background. IoU the calculation formula is as follows:
example 18
Referring to fig. 46, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for detecting a urine component by using a spectrum, which can be at least one of fourier infrared spectrum detection, raman spectrum detection, fluorescence spectrum detection and ultraviolet spectrum detection.
The spectrum detection method comprises the following steps:
S300, injecting urine into a sample detection cavity;
the sample detection cavity is positioned in the microfluidic detection chip, the position of the sample detection cavity is fixed in the detection process, the position of the sample detection cavity is relatively fixed with the position between the microscope body and the microscopic optical information acquisition component, urine can be directly injected into the sample detection cavity, the urine waits to be detected after entering the sample detection cavity, the manual adjustment of the placement position of the urine sample is not needed, and the detection flow is simple.
Prior to step S300, the present invention further includes:
s301, injecting a spectrum detection reagent into the sample detection chamber.
In this step, the urine may be injected first and then the spectrum detection reagent, or the spectrum detection reagent may be injected first and then the urine may be injected, or the urine may be mixed with the spectrum detection reagent and then the mixed solution of the urine and the spectrum detection reagent may be injected.
After step S300, the present invention further includes:
s302, adjusting the temperature of urine in the sample detection chamber;
When detecting the urine sample, the urine sample needs to be ensured to be in a relatively suitable temperature environment, and when the external environment of the urine sample is supercooled or overheated, the external environment temperature can influence the temperature of the urine sample and finally influence the detection effect of the urine, so that the temperature of the urine in the sample detection chamber needs to be regulated.
S310, controlling light of a background light source to enter the sample detection chamber through the cavity wall of the sample detection chamber;
the sample detection cavity comprises an upper cavity wall, a lower cavity wall and a side wall, when the side wall is transparent, the upper cavity wall or the lower cavity wall is also transparent, a sample is introduced into the detection cavity, an external background light source can penetrate through the side wall, the transparent upper cavity wall or the lower cavity wall to enter the sample detection cavity, and light is reflected out of the sample detection cavity through the transparent upper cavity wall or the lower cavity wall, so that a light source environment can be provided for sample detection. When the upper cavity wall and the lower cavity wall are transparent, light provided by the light source can penetrate through the upper cavity wall and the lower cavity wall from one side of the upper cavity wall or the lower cavity wall, and a light environment is provided for sample detection. The background light source arranged in the step can adapt to the requirements of different detection environments.
Prior to step S310, the present invention further includes:
s311, filtering the light of the background light source to obtain light within a preset wave band range;
Step S311 has a denoising effect, the background light source can generate light rays with different wavebands, but only light rays within a preset waveband range can penetrate the sample detection chamber to form spectrum information, the light rays with other wavebands have certain interference on the process of forming spectrum information on the urine sample, and the light rays with other wavebands can be emitted from the sample detection chamber along with the light rays with other wavebands, so that the optical information acquisition assembly can be influenced to acquire the spectrum information of the urine sample, and in order to improve the detection effect, the filtering treatment is required in the step.
S320, collecting spectral information of the urine through the sample detection chamber.
The optical information acquisition component of the embodiment is arranged on one side of the sample detection chamber, and can acquire spectrum information from the sample detection chamber. The optical information acquisition component can save the spectrum information of the acquired urine sample, and transfer the spectrum information to the detection position for detection, so that the detection accuracy is higher. In addition, to avoid detection errors, the spectral information may also be called for secondary verification.
Prior to step S320, the present invention further includes:
S321, filtering the light transmitted through the sample detection chamber.
In the step S311, although the interference of the background light source itself is eliminated, the interference of the external ambient light to the urine detection cannot be eliminated, so that the ambient light on the spectrum information transmission path is filtered before the spectrum information is collected, and accordingly, the collected spectrum information is more accurate, and the finally obtained urine detection result is more accurate.
S330, urine detection is carried out according to the collected spectrum information of the urine.
Specifically, the intensities of the collected spectrum information are different, and the detection result is inaccurate when all spectrum information is used for urine detection, so that the spectrum information with proper intensity needs to be selected for detection, and the later steps are used for selecting the spectrum information with proper intensity. It can be understood that in the aforementioned urine component detection method based on fluorescent reagent, the intensity of fluorescence used for collecting the fluorescent image is also small, and fluorescence with different intensities can also cause inaccurate detection, so that to further improve the result of fluorescence detection, the spectrum detection method of urine component of this embodiment can be applied to the fluorescence detection of urine. Meanwhile, the urine detection method based on the microscopic image includes controlling light of the background light source to enter the sample detection chamber through the chamber wall of the sample detection chamber and collecting microscopic image information of urine through the sample detection chamber, wherein in the collection process of the microscopic image, the light intensity of the background light source is different, and the microscopic image of the urine collected by the light source with different intensity may cause misjudgment. In summary, the urine detection method based on the microscopic image, the urine component detection method based on the fluorescent reagent and the spectrum detection method of the urine component have different ideas, in order to further improve the accuracy of the urine detection, the detection modes of the urine detection method, the fluorescent reagent and the spectrum detection method can be recombined, and the recombined urine detection method is within the protection scope of the invention.
The step S330 specifically includes the following steps:
s331, acquiring wavelength values of spectrum information, and arranging the spectrum information of different wavelengths into a first sequence according to a first preset mode, wherein the first sequence comprises a first noise area and a first characteristic peak area;
The first preset mode comprises a mode of increasing or decreasing wavelength, wherein the noise area and the characteristic peak area are areas with higher spectral intensity in the spectral information sequence, and the maximum spectral intensity of the characteristic peak area is larger than that of the noise area.
S332, acquiring an intensity value of the spectrum information, and arranging the spectrum information of the first sequence into a second sequence according to a second preset mode;
the second preset means includes means of increasing or decreasing intensity.
S333, performing smoothing filter processing on the spectrum information of the second sequence;
S334, sorting the spectrum information of the second sequence after the smoothing filter processing according to a third preset mode and defining the spectrum information as a third sequence, wherein the third sequence comprises a second noise region and a second characteristic peak region;
the third preset mode comprises a mode of increasing or decreasing the wavelength, and the spectrum information suitable for urine detection is located in the second characteristic peak area;
S335, acquiring first quantity of target spectrum information corresponding to the second characteristic peak area of a third sequence;
s336, urine detection is carried out according to the first quantity of target spectrum information.
The spectrum information suitable for urine detection is located in the characteristic peak area, however, due to the existence of the noise area, the identification of the characteristic peak area can be interfered, so that pretreatment is needed to be carried out on the spectrum, the characteristic peak area can be highlighted in the spectrum information sequence, and the essence of the smooth filtering treatment on the spectrum can improve the signal fidelity of the spectrum information in the characteristic peak area and the signal to noise ratio of the noise area.
The step S333 specifically includes:
S3331, continuously acquiring second preset quantity of spectrum information in a second sequence in a mode of decreasing intensity;
s3323, calculating the spectral noise level according to the second preset number of spectral information, mainly comprising:
calculating the average intensity value and standard deviation intensity value of the second preset amount of spectrum information,
Calculating a spectral noise level according to the average intensity value and the standard deviation intensity value;
s3324, calculating a filter window width according to the spectrum noise level;
s3325, smoothing filter processing is carried out according to the filter window width.
Specifically, in the second sequence, the spectral information with the intensity of the first t% is selected and recorded as the noise sequence N, the spectral information quantity of the first t% is the spectral information of the second preset quantity, then the spectral intensity of each spectral information in the second preset quantity is obtained, and then the average value Nmean and the standard deviation Nstd of the spectral intensities of all the spectral information in the second preset quantity are calculated, wherein the spectral noise level calculation mode and the filtering window width calculation mode are the prior art and are not described herein.
Finally, a Savitzky-Golay filter is selected for smoothing filtering, and the filtering mode is the prior art and is not described herein. It is to be understood that the filtering processing manner is not limited thereto as long as smooth filtering can be achieved.
Preferably, step S336 includes:
performing ranking detection or fuzzy detection or precise detection taking ranking detection as a main and fuzzy detection as an auxiliary according to the first quantity of target spectrum information;
in this embodiment, the first amount of the selected target spectrum information is a certain amount of spectrum information obtained in the characteristic peak area, however, the spectrum information in the characteristic peak area does not necessarily meet the requirement, so that abnormal information may also exist in the first amount of the target spectrum information, and the step is to screen out the abnormal information so as to make the detection result of the urine more accurate.
The ranking detection is suitable for the situation with the determined number of output data points, and aims to screen out a certain amount of spectrum information with intensity in the extremum range in the first amount of target spectrum information and remove the spectrum information, so that the urine detection is not used, the fuzzy detection is suitable for the situation with the undetermined number of output data points, and aims to screen out some spectrum information which is worth focusing, and remove the spectrum information according to the need, in the ranking detection, the spectrum information between the maximum value and the minimum value is not processed, and the spectrum information between the maximum value and the minimum value is still possibly abnormal, so that the spectrum information which is worth focusing is sequentially subjected to fuzzy detection on the basis of the ranking detection, the spectrum information which is worth focusing between the extremum values can be screened out, and the urine detection precision can be further improved according to the need.
Wherein the ranking detection comprises:
Acquiring a third preset amount of spectrum information according to the mode of intensity from large to small and acquiring a fourth preset amount of spectrum information according to the mode of intensity from small to large,
Urine detection is carried out according to the third preset quantity of spectrum information and the fourth preset quantity of spectrum information;
Preferably, the third preset number is equal to the fourth preset number, and the maximum value and the minimum value are uniformly distributed, so that the detection precision is improved.
The blur detection includes:
Sequencing the first quantity of target spectrum information according to a fourth preset mode, wherein the fourth preset mode comprises a mode of increasing or decreasing the intensity;
determining P intensity sudden increase abnormal ranges and Q intensity sudden decrease abnormal ranges of different intensities in the third sequence according to a fifth preset mode, wherein P, Q are positive integers, the fifth preset mode can be an n-sigma detection mode, and the n-sigma detection mode is the prior art and is not described in detail herein;
Acquiring different amounts of spectral information in the P intensity sudden increase anomaly ranges of different intensities, respectively, wherein the intensity of the spectral information is inversely proportional to the amount of spectral information acquired according to the intensity, and acquiring different amounts of spectral information in the Q intensity sudden decrease anomaly ranges, respectively, wherein the intensity of the spectral information is directly proportional to the amount of spectral information acquired according to the intensity,
And reserving or removing the acquired spectrum information according to preset conditions, and then performing urine detection.
Preferably, in the embodiment, P is 3, q is 3, μ is the average spectrum intensity of the third sequence, σ is the standard deviation of the spectrum intensity of the third sequence, and the anomaly detection is performed by adopting A3-sigma detection mode, so that when the spectrum information which is worth focusing in the third sequence is screened, the range of the sudden abnormal points is considered to have three grades, A1, A2 and A3, and the sudden abnormal points A1> μ+σ, A2> μ+2σ and A3> μ+3σ, wherein the spectrum intensity related to the grade A1 is the highest, and according to the principle that the intensity of the spectrum information is inversely proportional to the quantity of the spectrum information acquired according to the intensity, the quantity of the spectrum information which needs to be focused is A1< A2< A3; the range of the abrupt abnormal point is considered to have three grades, namely B1, B2 and B3, and then the abrupt abnormal point B1 is smaller than mu-sigma, B2 is smaller than mu-2 sigma and B3 is smaller than mu-3 sigma, wherein the grade B3 refers to the lowest spectral intensity, and according to the principle that the intensity of the spectral information is in direct proportion to the quantity of the spectral information acquired according to the intensity, the quantity of the spectral information which needs to be concerned is B1> B2> B3.
After the quantity of the spectrum information to be focused is determined, the determined spectrum information is judged to be reserved or removed according to preset conditions, specifically, when the spectrum information in a certain intensity range is set as the spectrum information for urine detection, the spectrum information to be focused is generalized into the spectrum information which can be used for urine detection if the spectrum information to be focused is in the range, the spectrum information to be focused is removed if the spectrum information to be focused is out of the range, and the spectrum information to be focused is reserved or removed according to actual conditions if the spectrum information to be focused is on a boundary line of the intensity range. Accordingly, urine detection accuracy can be improved.
Example 19
Referring to fig. 47 to 49, the present invention provides an electrochemical detection method for urine, in which a conventional detection method is usually test paper detection, after the urine is dropped on the test paper, the test paper and the urine send chemical reaction, and the color change of the chemical reaction between the test paper and the urine is observed and analyzed to obtain a urine detection result, but comparing the reagent display result with a standard database by naked eyes can lead to inaccurate detection result, therefore, the present invention adopts the electrochemical method to detect the urine, and includes:
S400, detecting whether the electrochemical detection chip works normally or not;
Only when the electrochemical detection chip works normally, urine samples are dripped on the reaction part of the electrochemical detection chip to carry out urine detection, so that the situation that the samples are dripped when the electrochemical detection chip works abnormally is avoided, and the detection purpose cannot be achieved.
The electrochemical detection chip comprises an insulating substrate and a plurality of chip electrodes, wherein the plurality of chip electrodes are on the insulating substrate to form a reaction part and a conductive part, urine enables the plurality of chip electrodes to be conducted on the reaction part to generate a plurality of electric signals, the electric signals are transmitted to the conductive part for detection, the electrochemical indexes of the urine are detected through the plurality of electric signals, the relevant condition of the urine is not judged manually through vision, and the detected urine data are more accurate.
Prior to step S400, the present invention further includes:
s401, adding a detection material on a chip electrode of the reaction part;
In the electrochemical detection of urine, it is necessary to add one or more detection materials to the chip electrode of the reaction part.
When the same detection material is added on the chip electrode, a plurality of current values of an electrochemical index can be detected, and more accurate electrochemical index data can be obtained by calculating the average value of the plurality of current values.
When different detection materials are added on the chip electrode, multiple current values can be obtained to detect multiple electrochemical indexes of urine.
The electrochemical index comprises one or more of urine specific gravity, urine pH value, urine protein, uric acid, urine potassium, urine sodium, urine calcium, urine phosphorus, urine sugar and urine chloride, which can be obtained by electric signal detection and analysis. The chip electrode is provided with detection materials, and different detection materials can detect different indexes, and the detection principle is the prior art and is not described herein. The urine specific gravity and the urine PH value can be directly detected by the chip electrode, and detection materials are not required to be arranged.
S410, when the electrochemical detection chip works normally, dropping a urine sample on a reaction part of the electrochemical detection chip;
step S410 includes:
S411, sampling urine to obtain a urine sample.
And when the electrochemical detection chip works abnormally, sending out alarm information.
The abnormal state includes three kinds of damage to the chip itself, the last used chip not being pulled out or the mounting position of the chip being inaccurate.
The operation of eliminating the accident is needed after the alarm information is sent out, which comprises the following steps:
When the fault is that the chip is damaged, the chip is replaced and reinserted;
When the fault is that the last used chip is not pulled out, the chip is replaced or reinserted;
and when the fault is that the mounting position of the chip is inaccurate, adjusting the mounting position of the chip.
After the operation is finished, the chip works normally and urine detection is continued.
S420, conducting identification is carried out on the electrochemical detection chip after urine samples are dropped, wherein the conducting identification is carried out by judging whether current is generated on the electrochemical detection chip;
The urine sample carries out chemical reaction at the reaction part, and the chemical reaction can produce different current values, can carry out auxiliary judgment urine related data through detecting the current value.
S430, when the current is generated on the electrochemical detection chip, acquiring at least one current value on the electrochemical detection chip;
One electrochemical index can be detected by one current value, and when a plurality of electrochemical indexes need to be detected, a plurality of current values need to be obtained. Meanwhile, when a certain electrochemical index needs to be detected more accurately, a plurality of current values related to the certain electrochemical index need to be obtained, and then an average value of the plurality of current values is taken to obtain a more accurate current value.
S440, when the conduction recognizes that no current is generated on the electrochemical detection chip, the urine sample is continuously dripped on the reaction part of the electrochemical detection chip.
When the electrochemical detection chip works normally, no current is generated after urine is dripped, the situation that no urine sample is dripped into the reaction part or the quantity of the urine sample dripped into the reaction part is insufficient is mainly considered, and the situation that the urine sample is dripped continuously can be known to be a fault.
Continuing dripping the urine sample, conducting electricity to identify that current is generated on the electrochemical detection chip, removing faults, and continuing urine detection;
and continuing dripping the urine sample, and conducting electricity to identify that no current is generated on the electrochemical detection chip, so that whether the urine sample enters the electrochemical detection chip or not needs to be checked.
S450, comparing all the current values with a preset reference current value, and outputting a detection result.
And prompting to remove the electrochemical detection chip when the detection result is output. The electrochemical detection chip is preserved for the next use.
After the detection result is output, a cleaning operation is started. And (3) introducing cleaning liquid to clean the electrochemical urine detection device. The cleaning operation can be performed before the prompt overflows the electrochemical detection chip, and the electrochemical detection chip can be cleaned at the same time.
According to the invention, the related condition of urine is judged manually through vision, and the urine data detected in a digital mode is more accurate.
Step S450 includes:
S451, setting a reference current sequence a, the sequence a=a1, a 2..an, wherein n represents the sequence length, which is a positive integer;
The reference current sequence A is a time sequence and changes along with the change of time, and as an undetected current sequence, in short, the reference current sequence A is a current sequence recorded before urine is dripped, and the current on an electrochemical detection chip is recorded.
S452, setting a time current sequence B formed by current values when current is generated on the electrochemical detection chip, wherein the sequence B=B1, and B2..Bm, m represents the sequence length and is a positive integer;
S453, screening a standard current sequence C from a current sequence template library according to the reference current sequence A and the m value, wherein the sequence C=C1, C2..
The time current sequence B is a current sequence recorded after urine is dripped, and the current recorded is the current on the electrochemical detection chip.
The standard current sequence C is standard data of urine in a certain period of time, and is data which is supposed to be needed when urine indexes are in an optimal condition, and the data is obtained through experiments, and is not related to data detected according to current on an electrochemical detection chip, but in order to detect the data of the current urine indexes, the data needs to be compared with the data detected according to the current on the electrochemical detection chip, in the process, interference of environmental factors such as weather needs to be eliminated, and the time current sequence B needs to be in the same external environment when compared with the standard current sequence C, so that the value needs to be taken according to the reference current sequence a and the m value.
S454, acquiring a first dynamic time warping distance DTW1 according to An and Cm;
s455, acquiring a second dynamic time warping distance DTW2 according to An and Bm;
comparing the first dynamic time warping distance DTW1 with the second dynamic time warping distance DTW2 can eliminate interference of environmental factors such as weather on electrochemical detection of urine.
The second dynamic time warping distance DTW2 between the reference current sequence a and the time current sequence B is calculated as follows:
Reference current sequence a=a1, a 2..an, wherein n represents the sequence length, is a positive integer;
time current sequence b=b1, B2..bm, m represents the sequence length and is a positive integer;
Constructing a matrix of (n, m), the (i, j) th unit records the Euclidean distance, d (ai,bj)＝|ai-bj I), between two points (ai,bj).
As shown in fig. 49, a meandering path W, which is formed of a plurality of matrix elements connected to each other, describes a mapping between a and B. Let k-th cell be defined as wk = (i, j) k
w=w1,w2,w3,...,wK,max(n,m)<=K<=n+m-1
The bending path satisfies the following conditions:
1. boundary conditions, w1 = (1, 1), and wk = (n, m)
2. Continuity let wk＝(a,b),wk-1 = (a ', b'), then a-a '< = 1, b-b' < = 1
3. Monotonicity let wk＝(a,b),wk-1 = (a ', b'), then a-a '> = 0, bb' > = 0
Among the paths satisfying the above conditions, the shortest and least expensive one is:
Then the distance between the two time sequences is:
r(i,j)=d(i,j)+minr(i-1,j-1),r(i-1,j),r(i,j-1)
DTW2=r(i,j)。
the first dynamic time warping distance DTW1 between the reference current sequence a and the standard current sequence C is calculated as DTW1.
S456, comparing the first dynamic time warping distance DTW1 with the second dynamic time warping distance DTW2 to determine a detection result of the electrochemical detection chip.
If it is
The electrochemical detection result is considered to be normal, otherwise, abnormal.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution described in the above embodiments may be modified or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.