CN114516669A - Solar seawater desalination device - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明提供了一种太阳能海水淡化装置，包括薄膜蒸发单元、自动供水单元、气体控制单元和后处理单元，所述自动供水单元向薄膜蒸发单元供海水，在薄膜蒸发单元中蒸发产生水蒸气，所述水蒸气输出到后处理单元，所述气体控制单元包括真空泵和鼓气机，所述控制系统控制真空泵和鼓气机之间切换，通过真空泵实现海水蒸发的真空环境，然后当海水淡化运行到需要进行排废水时候，鼓气机输入空气，向外排出废水。本发明设计了一种新式结构的环路热管太阳能集热器，有针对性的对液体区域进行加热，提高了太阳能的利用效率，达到环保节能的效果。

The invention provides a solar-powered seawater desalination device, comprising a thin film evaporation unit, an automatic water supply unit, a gas control unit and a post-processing unit, the automatic water supply unit supplies seawater to the thin film evaporation unit, and evaporates in the thin film evaporation unit to generate water vapor, The water vapor is output to the post-processing unit, and the gas control unit includes a vacuum pump and a blower. The control system controls the switching between the vacuum pump and the blower, and realizes a vacuum environment for seawater evaporation through the vacuum pump, and then runs when the seawater is desalinated. When the waste water needs to be discharged, the air blower inputs air and discharges the waste water to the outside. The invention designs a loop heat pipe solar collector with a new structure, which can heat the liquid area in a targeted manner, improves the utilization efficiency of solar energy, and achieves the effect of environmental protection and energy saving.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种太阳能海水淡化装置A solar water desalination device

技术领域technical field

本发明属于太阳能领域，尤其涉及一种太阳能海水淡化系统。The invention belongs to the field of solar energy, and in particular relates to a solar energy seawater desalination system.

背景技术Background technique

随着现代社会经济的高速发展，人类对能源的需求量越来越大。然而煤、石油、天然气等传统能源储备量不断减少、日益紧缺，造成价格的不断上涨，同时常规化石燃料造成的环境污染问题也愈加严重，这些都大大限制着社会的发展和人类生活质量的提高。能源问题已经成为当代世界的最突出的问题之一。因而寻求新的能源，特别是无污染的清洁能源已成为现在人们研究的热点。With the rapid development of modern society and economy, human beings have an increasing demand for energy. However, the reserves of traditional energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas are constantly decreasing and becoming increasingly scarce, resulting in rising prices. At the same time, the environmental pollution caused by conventional fossil fuels is also becoming more and more serious, which greatly limits the development of society and the improvement of human life quality. . The energy problem has become one of the most prominent problems in the contemporary world. Therefore, the search for new energy, especially non-polluting clean energy has become a research hotspot.

太阳能是一种取之不尽用之不竭的清洁能源，而且资源量巨大，地球表面每年收的太阳辐射能总量为1×10¹⁸kW·h，为世界年耗总能量的一万多倍。世界各国都已经把太阳能的利用作为新能源开发的重要一项，我国也早已明确提出要积极发展新能源，其中太阳能的利用尤其占据着突出地位。然而由于太阳辐射到达地球上的能量密度小(每平方米约一千瓦)，而且又是不连续的，这给大规模的开发利用带来一定困难。因此，为了广泛利用太阳能，不仅要解决技术上的问题，而且在经济上必须能同常规能源相竞争。Solar energy is an inexhaustible and inexhaustible clean energy, and its resources are huge. The total amount of solar radiation energy collected on the earth's surface every year is 1 × 10¹⁸ kW·h, which is more than 10,000 of the world's total annual energy consumption. times. All countries in the world have regarded the utilization of solar energy as an important item of new energy development, and my country has already clearly proposed to actively develop new energy, among which the utilization of solar energy occupies a prominent position. However, due to the small energy density of solar radiation reaching the earth (about one kilowatt per square meter), and it is discontinuous, it brings certain difficulties to large-scale development and utilization. Therefore, in order to make extensive use of solar energy, it is necessary not only to solve technical problems, but also economically to be able to compete with conventional energy sources.

淡水资源短缺而需求日益增长成为近一个世纪人类面临的一个非常重要的问题，因此，从废水、咸水、地面、海水等可替代资源中获取淡水资源是十分必要的。由于地球上97％的水都是海水，所以海水淡化技术在解决这个问题是非常有应用前景的。现如今比较常见的商业化太阳能海水淡化方式结构复杂，而且对高品位能消耗严重。The shortage of freshwater resources and the increasing demand have become a very important problem faced by human beings in the past century. Therefore, it is very necessary to obtain freshwater resources from alternative resources such as wastewater, salt water, ground, and seawater. Since 97% of the water on earth is seawater, desalination technology is very promising in solving this problem. Today's more common commercial solar desalination methods are complex in structure and consume a lot of high-grade energy.

基于太阳能分布的广泛性以及无差别性，太阳能蒸馏器能为偏远和干旱地区的缺水提供解决方案；同时，也能实现模块规模产业化。太阳能蒸馏器具有结构简单、成本低廉、可就地取材、维护成本低等诸多特点。然而，由于太阳能蒸馏器产水消耗时间长、效率低，日生产能力约2-3L/m²，热效率约30％，所以太阳能蒸馏器通常不被使用。相应的，本领域亟需做出进一步的改善或改进，以便更好地实现高效利用太阳能来驱动水蒸发并加速冷凝，以满足现代干净的饮用水的需求。Based on the widespread and indiscriminate distribution of solar energy, solar stills can provide solutions for water shortages in remote and arid areas; at the same time, they can also achieve module-scale industrialization. The solar still has many characteristics, such as simple structure, low cost, local materials and low maintenance cost. However, solar stills are usually not used due to the long time consumption and low efficiency of producing water, with a daily production capacity of about 2-3 L/m² and a thermal efficiency of about 30%. Correspondingly, further improvements or improvements are urgently needed in the art, so as to better realize the efficient use of solar energy to drive water evaporation and accelerate condensation, so as to meet the needs of modern clean drinking water.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的是克服现有技术中的不足，提供一种高效聚焦型太阳能海水淡装置，能够降低成本，从而有效的利用太阳能。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a high-efficiency focused solar-powered seawater desalination device, which can reduce costs and thus effectively utilize solar energy.

为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下：一种太阳能海水淡化装置，包括薄膜蒸发单元、自动供水单元、气体控制单元和后处理单元，所述自动供水单元向薄膜蒸发单元供海水，在薄膜蒸发单元中蒸发产生水蒸气，所述水蒸气输出到后处理单元，所述气体控制单元包括真空泵和鼓气机，所述控制系统控制真空泵和鼓气机之间切换，通过真空泵实现海水蒸发的真空环境，然后当海水淡化运行到需要进行排废水时候，鼓气机输入空气，向外排出废水。In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a solar-powered seawater desalination device, comprising a thin film evaporation unit, an automatic water supply unit, a gas control unit and a post-processing unit, the automatic water supply unit supplies seawater to the thin film evaporation unit, and the Evaporation in the evaporation unit produces water vapor, and the water vapor is output to the post-processing unit. The gas control unit includes a vacuum pump and a blower. The control system controls the switching between the vacuum pump and the blower, and realizes the evaporation of seawater through the vacuum pump. Vacuum environment, and then when the desalination runs to the point where waste water needs to be discharged, the blower inputs air and discharges the waste water.

作为优选，薄膜蒸发单元包括工作区和补水区，两区域通过管道相互联通，由补水区向工作区进行补水。Preferably, the thin film evaporation unit includes a working area and a water replenishing area, and the two areas are communicated with each other through a pipeline, and the water replenishing area is supplied to the working area.

作为优选，补水区高度略高于蒸发区。Preferably, the height of the replenishment zone is slightly higher than that of the evaporation zone.

作为优选，补水区到蒸发区的管路上接有控制流量大小的阀门。Preferably, a valve for controlling the flow rate is connected to the pipeline from the water replenishment area to the evaporation area.

与现有技术相比较，本发明具有如下的优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1.本发明通过在真空条件下，其产生的热将水迅速地变成水蒸气，将其冷凝净化以达到饮用标准，在需要排废水的术后，通过鼓气机将废水排空，实现海水淡水以及废水排放的智能切换功能，进一步促进废水排放以及通过空气的吹入实现蒸发区的除垢作用。1. The present invention rapidly turns water into water vapor by the heat generated under vacuum conditions, and condenses and purifies it to reach the drinking standard. The intelligent switching function of seawater, freshwater and waste water discharge further promotes waste water discharge and achieves descaling in the evaporation area through air blowing.

2.本发明装置核心区域蒸发区中有机玻璃罩采用半球形双层内抽真空设计，采用该设计的优势是可保持蒸发罩内的温度，提升水的蒸发效率。2. The plexiglass cover in the evaporation area of the core area of the device of the present invention adopts a hemispherical double-layer inner vacuum design. The advantage of adopting this design is that the temperature in the evaporation cover can be maintained and the evaporation efficiency of water can be improved.

3、在蒸发操作前对装置薄膜蒸发单元抽真空，使该单元内气压降低，降低水的沸点。其优势是运用真空蒸发原理，使水的蒸发速率得到进一步提升。3. Evacuate the thin-film evaporation unit of the device before the evaporation operation to reduce the air pressure in the unit and reduce the boiling point of water. Its advantage is to use the principle of vacuum evaporation to further improve the evaporation rate of water.

4.将半球形双层有机玻璃罩顶端、补水箱顶端和为蒸发区抽真空及排出冷凝水的电磁阀 7前部的管路用透明软管连接，采用该设计的优势是使蒸发区和补水区中气体压强始终保持一致，在两区域利用连通器原理进行补水时，由补水区进入蒸发区的水流流速稳定。4. Connect the top of the hemispherical double-layer plexiglass cover, the top of the water supply tank and the pipeline in front of the solenoid valve 7 for evacuating the evaporation area and discharging the condensed water with a transparent hose. The advantage of this design is that the evaporation area and the The gas pressure in the water replenishment area is always the same. When the water replenishment is carried out by using the principle of the connecting device in the two areas, the flow velocity of the water flow from the replenishment area into the evaporation area is stable.

5.装置利用半球形双层有机玻璃罩顶端、补水箱顶端和为蒸发区抽真空及排出冷凝水的电磁阀7前部的管路用透明软管收集水蒸汽；利用接收排水环冷凝水的管路收集冷凝水，其优势是实现气液两相多重收集。5. The device utilizes the top of the hemispherical double-layer plexiglass cover, the top of the water replenishment tank, and the pipeline in front of the solenoid valve 7 for evacuating the evaporation area and draining the condensed water with a transparent hose to collect water vapor; The pipeline collects condensed water, and its advantage is to realize multiple collection of gas-liquid two-phase.

6.在双层有机玻璃罩最内侧粘贴了PDMS薄膜，并且在薄膜上刻蚀了宽度和深度均为 0.5mm的矩形微槽道，其优势是使得水滴合并速度加快，从而有利于释放表面空间，利于水蒸气进一步凝结同时表面换热系数高，能保证水蒸气持续冷凝且表面流阻小，有利于液滴滑落与移除，提高取水量。6. The PDMS film is pasted on the innermost side of the double-layer plexiglass cover, and a rectangular micro-channel with a width and depth of 0.5mm is etched on the film. , which is conducive to further condensation of water vapor and high surface heat transfer coefficient, which can ensure continuous condensation of water vapor and small surface flow resistance, which is conducive to the sliding and removal of droplets, and increases the amount of water intake.

7.采用了纳米多孔氧化石墨烯薄膜，多孔石墨烯不仅保留了石墨烯优良的性质，而且相比惰性的石墨烯表面，孔的存在促进了物质运输效率的提高。同时，氧化石墨薄烯的灵活性和成本，比单层石墨烯更具有潜在优势。氧化石墨烯薄膜的独特性质使其成为过滤或脱盐领域的最佳候选膜。此装置采用的其优势是多孔氧化石墨烯薄膜兼具了上述优点，是一个集高效节能于一体的优秀的净水新材料。7. The nano-porous graphene oxide film is adopted. Porous graphene not only retains the excellent properties of graphene, but also the existence of pores promotes the improvement of material transport efficiency compared with the inert graphene surface. At the same time, the flexibility and cost of graphene oxide sheets have potential advantages over single-layer graphene. The unique properties of graphene oxide films make them an excellent candidate for filtration or desalination. The advantage of this device is that the porous graphene oxide film has both the above advantages and is an excellent new water purification material that integrates high efficiency and energy saving.

8.采用光能蒸发膜，节能环保高效。氧化石墨烯作为一种高效稳定的光热转换材料，其优势是可以将低品位、分散不连续的太阳能转换成高品位的热能，以便最大限度地利用太阳能。本装置能够充分吸收太阳能产生的热，将水迅速地变成水蒸气，实现液相与气相的分离从而达到净水效果。8. Using light energy evaporation film, energy saving, environmental protection and high efficiency. As an efficient and stable photothermal conversion material, graphene oxide has the advantage that it can convert low-grade, dispersed discontinuous solar energy into high-grade thermal energy in order to maximize the utilization of solar energy. The device can fully absorb the heat generated by solar energy, rapidly turn water into water vapor, and realize the separation of liquid phase and gas phase, thereby achieving the effect of water purification.

9.PLC控制系统分为自动控制与手动控制两种运行方式，其优势是可以既满足正常运行时的简便全自动操作需求又可根据特殊工况及特殊需求手动调整操作，且操作方式非常简洁易上手。9. The PLC control system is divided into two operation modes: automatic control and manual control. The advantage is that it can not only meet the needs of simple and fully automatic operation during normal operation, but also manually adjust the operation according to special conditions and special needs, and the operation mode is very simple. Easy to get started.

10.装置体积小，便于搬运，整体体积为800*500*500毫米，占地面积约为0.4平方米，能够实现应用范围广泛，包括船上远距离运行。10. The device is small in size and easy to handle. The overall volume is 800*500*500 mm and covers an area of about 0.4 square meters. It can achieve a wide range of applications, including long-distance operation on board.

11.装置全天运行状况下每日耗电2.056度。当采用太阳能电池板为装置供电时，可做到无需外接电源。装置单位产水价格与市面其他产品相比便宜1～3元。11. The daily power consumption of the device is 2.056 kWh under all-day operating conditions. When a solar panel is used to power the device, no external power supply is required. Compared with other products on the market, the price of water produced per unit is 1-3 yuan cheaper.

12、充分利用船上烟气余热来加热补水箱，实现热能的充分利用。12. Make full use of the waste heat of the ship's flue gas to heat the water supply tank to achieve full utilization of thermal energy.

13、提出了一种新的均温装置，通过在在烟气管内设置引流板，使得气体一部分沿着引流板流动引导至相反的方向，与相反方向进入的气体充分混合，从而实现气体的温度均匀，以实现进一步换热需要，提高产品使用寿命。13. A new temperature equalization device is proposed. By setting a guide plate in the flue gas pipe, a part of the gas flows along the guide plate and is guided to the opposite direction, and is fully mixed with the gas entering in the opposite direction, so as to achieve the temperature of the gas. uniform, in order to achieve further heat exchange needs and improve product service life.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是太阳能海水淡化装置的产品主要部件结构示意图Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the main components of the product of the solar seawater desalination device

图2-1，2-2，2-3是太阳能海水淡化系统内部构造图Figures 2-1, 2-2, and 2-3 are the internal structure diagrams of the solar desalination system

图3是薄膜蒸发单元模型图Figure 3 is a model diagram of the thin film evaporation unit

图4为本发明薄膜蒸发单元剖面图；4 is a cross-sectional view of a thin-film evaporation unit of the present invention;

图5为本发明有机玻璃罩的外观示意图；Fig. 5 is the appearance schematic diagram of the organic glass cover of the present invention;

图6为本发明压模组件示意图；Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the die assembly of the present invention;

图7为本发明排冷凝水环结构示意图；Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the condensed water drain ring of the present invention;

图8是本发明烟气管设置引流板的轴向切面图；Fig. 8 is the axial sectional view of the flue gas pipe of the present invention with the guide plate;

图9是本发明烟气管设置引流板的尺寸示意图。FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the size of a flue gas pipe provided with a drainage plate according to the present invention.

图10是每层设置1块引流板的立体示意图。Fig. 10 is a perspective view showing that each layer is provided with one drainage plate.

图11是每层设置3块引流板的立体示意图。Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing that three drainage plates are arranged on each layer.

图12是太阳能海水淡化装置的产品实物图。Figure 12 is a product physical map of the solar seawater desalination device.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

图1展示了本装置实际产品主要部件的结构示意图。如图1所示，海水经过接头3，经过前处理过滤芯进行处理后，通过水泵2进入补水箱，然后通过补水箱进入蒸发区，在蒸发区进行蒸发，蒸发后形成的蒸汽进行冷凝后形成淡水进入储水箱储存。淡水经过水泵1，然后经过后处理滤芯进行过滤后，通过接头4进行利用。蒸发区的废盐水排到废水收集装置中。Figure 1 shows the structural schematic diagram of the main components of the actual product of the device. As shown in Figure 1, seawater passes through the joint 3, and after being processed by the pretreatment filter element, it enters the water replenishment tank through the water pump 2, and then enters the evaporation area through the replenishment tank, and evaporates in the evaporation area. The steam formed after evaporation is condensed to form Fresh water enters the storage tank for storage. The fresh water passes through the water pump 1, and then is filtered through the post-processing filter element, and then used through the joint 4. The waste brine in the evaporation zone is discharged to the waste water collection device.

作为优选，所述水泵2和补水箱之间设置电磁阀1，通过电磁阀1。补水箱设置在水泵上部，通过设置电磁阀1，防止已进入补水箱的水在重力作用下，向下反向回流至水泵，减轻水泵叶轮所受压力，提高水泵寿命。Preferably, a solenoid valve 1 is arranged between the water pump 2 and the water replenishing tank, and the solenoid valve 1 passes through. The water replenishment tank is arranged on the upper part of the water pump. By setting the solenoid valve 1, the water that has entered the water replenishment tank is prevented from flowing backward to the water pump under the action of gravity, reducing the pressure on the impeller of the water pump and improving the life of the water pump.

作为优选，所述水泵1和储水箱之间设置电磁阀9，通过电磁阀9。电磁阀9的作用是： 1.防止进入储水箱的水在重力作用下，向下流至水泵，减轻水泵叶轮所受压力，提高水泵寿命。2通过控制电磁阀9的开闭，可控制排出装置储水箱中收集到的淡水的时间。Preferably, a solenoid valve 9 is arranged between the water pump 1 and the water storage tank, and the solenoid valve 9 passes through. The functions of the solenoid valve 9 are: 1. Prevent the water entering the water storage tank from flowing down to the water pump under the action of gravity, reducing the pressure on the impeller of the water pump and improving the life of the water pump. 2. By controlling the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 9, the time for discharging the fresh water collected in the water storage tank of the device can be controlled.

作为优选，蒸发区和废水收集装置之间设置电磁阀2，通过电磁阀2的开闭实现废水的排放。Preferably, a solenoid valve 2 is arranged between the evaporation area and the waste water collection device, and the waste water is discharged by opening and closing the solenoid valve 2 .

本装置为基于光热转换及纳米多孔氧化石墨烯材料的太阳能真空海水淡化装置。装置基于机械系统和整体采用的PLC控制系统控制，可以实现平台自动运行。利用光热材料氧化石墨烯薄膜，充分吸收利用太阳能，在真空条件下，其产生的热将水迅速地变成水蒸气，将其冷凝净化以达到饮用标准。The device is a solar vacuum seawater desalination device based on photothermal conversion and nanoporous graphene oxide materials. The device is controlled based on the mechanical system and the PLC control system adopted as a whole, which can realize the automatic operation of the platform. The photothermal material graphene oxide film is used to fully absorb and utilize solar energy. Under vacuum conditions, the heat generated by it rapidly turns water into water vapor, and condenses and purifies it to meet drinking standards.

进一步详细描述如下。如图1所示，所述太阳能海水淡化系统，包括薄膜蒸发单元、自动供水单元、气体控制单元和后处理单元，所述自动供水单元向薄膜蒸发单元供海水，在薄膜蒸发单元中蒸发产生水蒸气，所述水蒸气输出到后处理单元，所述气体控制单元包括外接真空泵和外接鼓气机，所述控制系统控制真空泵和鼓气机之间切换，通过真空泵实现海水蒸发的真空环境，然后当海水淡化运行到需要进行排废水时候，关闭真空泵，鼓气机输入空气，向外排出废水。本发明通过在真空条件下，其产生的热将水迅速地变成水蒸气，将其冷凝净化以达到饮用标准，在需要排废水的术后，通过鼓气机将废水排空，实现海水淡水以及废水排放的智能切换功能，进一步促进废水排放以及通过空气的吹入实现蒸发区的除垢作用。Further details are described below. As shown in Figure 1, the solar seawater desalination system includes a thin film evaporation unit, an automatic water supply unit, a gas control unit and a post-processing unit. The automatic water supply unit supplies seawater to the thin film evaporation unit, and evaporates in the thin film evaporation unit to produce water The steam, the water vapor is output to the post-processing unit, the gas control unit includes an external vacuum pump and an external blower, the control system controls the switching between the vacuum pump and the blower, and the vacuum environment for seawater evaporation is realized through the vacuum pump, and then When the desalination runs to the time when the wastewater needs to be discharged, the vacuum pump is turned off, and the air blower enters the air to discharge the wastewater. The invention rapidly turns water into water vapor by the heat generated under vacuum conditions, and condenses and purifies it to meet the drinking standard. And the intelligent switching function of waste water discharge, further promote waste water discharge and realize the descaling effect of evaporation area through air blowing.

薄膜蒸发单元蒸发原理为微纳米薄膜材料通过吸收光能与环境中的热能,转化为自身热量，并加热薄膜材料表面的水分子,使之不断转化为蒸汽。由于管路中存在气体浓度差，可实现蒸汽在管路中的自流动。The evaporation principle of the thin-film evaporation unit is that the micro-nano thin-film material absorbs light energy and thermal energy in the environment, converts it into its own heat, and heats the water molecules on the surface of the thin-film material to continuously convert it into steam. Due to the difference in gas concentration in the pipeline, the self-flow of steam in the pipeline can be realized.

所利用的真空蒸发原理是指：在真空下进行的蒸发操作，即在低压下溶液的沸点降低且用较少的蒸汽蒸发大量的水分。利用该原理可有效降低溶液沸点，实现低温热源的利用，从而降低能耗。The vacuum evaporation principle utilized refers to the evaporation operation carried out under vacuum, ie the boiling point of the solution is lowered at low pressure and a large amount of water is evaporated with less steam. Using this principle can effectively reduce the boiling point of the solution, realize the utilization of low-temperature heat sources, and reduce energy consumption.

如图3、4薄膜蒸发单元包括蒸发区和补水区，两区域通过管道相互联通，由补水区向蒸发区进行补水。补水区高度略高于蒸发区，从而保证薄膜蒸发区用水的充足以及薄膜表面的张力的稳定，以保证薄膜在蒸发过程中能够充分接触液面，更好的实现蒸发过程。作为优选，补水区到蒸发区的管路上接有控制流量大小的手动调节阀，通过手动或者自动调节流量的大小来保证试验区的水不会没过薄膜。As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the thin film evaporation unit includes an evaporation area and a water replenishment area. The two areas are connected to each other through pipes, and water replenishment is carried out from the water replenishment area to the evaporation area. The height of the water replenishment area is slightly higher than that of the evaporation area, so as to ensure the sufficient water in the evaporation area of the film and the stability of the tension on the surface of the film, so as to ensure that the film can fully contact the liquid surface during the evaporation process and better realize the evaporation process. Preferably, the pipeline from the water replenishment area to the evaporation area is connected with a manual regulating valve for controlling the flow rate, and the flow rate is adjusted manually or automatically to ensure that the water in the test area will not pass through the film.

作为优选，所述蒸发区内设置水位计，用于测量蒸发区内水位，所述水位计与控制器进行数据连接，所述控制器根据水位计测量的水位自动控制阀门的开闭。Preferably, a water level gauge is provided in the evaporation area to measure the water level in the evaporation area, the water level gauge is connected with a controller, and the controller automatically controls the opening and closing of the valve according to the water level measured by the water level gauge.

当水位计测量的水位达到薄膜的高度时，控制器控制阀门关闭，避免水位过高没过薄膜，当水位计测量的水位低于多孔介质的高度时，控制器控制阀门打开，避免水位过低，从而影响海水淡化效率。When the water level measured by the water level gauge reaches the height of the membrane, the controller controls the valve to close to prevent the water level from being too high to pass the membrane. When the water level measured by the water level gauge is lower than the height of the porous medium, the controller controls the valve to open to prevent the water level from being too low. , thus affecting the desalination efficiency.

作为优选，蒸发区包括有机玻璃罩、外壳组件、压膜组件和纳米多孔氧化石墨烯薄膜。Preferably, the evaporation area includes a plexiglass cover, a housing component, a lamination component and a nanoporous graphene oxide film.

作为优选，有机玻璃罩是双层半圆形圆弧形结构。有机玻璃罩采用“锅盖原理”，使得液化水能够直接沿着半圆形玻璃罩的内壁流下，从而防止水直接流下浸湿纳米多孔氧化石墨烯薄膜，影响蒸发速率。有机玻璃板采用高透光率有机玻璃板，放置于蒸发区顶部，达到光照条件的满足。同时，有机玻璃罩采用双层设计，两层有机玻璃中间已预先做抽真空处理，目的是隔热，防止蒸发区的热量经由有机玻璃罩散失到环境中，以收集到更多水蒸汽。Preferably, the plexiglass cover is a double-layer semicircular arc-shaped structure. The plexiglass cover adopts the "pot cover principle", so that the liquefied water can flow down directly along the inner wall of the semicircular glass cover, thereby preventing the water from directly flowing down and soaking the nanoporous graphene oxide film and affecting the evaporation rate. The plexiglass plate is made of high light transmittance plexiglass plate, which is placed on the top of the evaporation area to meet the lighting conditions. At the same time, the plexiglass cover adopts a double-layer design, and the middle of the two layers of plexiglass has been vacuumed in advance, in order to insulate heat and prevent the heat in the evaporation area from being dissipated into the environment through the plexiglass cover, so as to collect more water vapor.

在双层有机玻璃罩最内侧粘贴了PDMS薄膜，并且在薄膜上刻蚀了宽度和深度均为0.5mm 的矩形微槽道，其优势是使得水滴合并速度加快，从而有利于释放表面空间，利于水蒸气进一步凝结同时表面换热系数高，能保证水蒸气持续冷凝且表面流阻小，有利于液滴滑落与移除，提高取水量。A PDMS film is pasted on the innermost side of the double-layer plexiglass cover, and a rectangular micro-channel with a width and depth of 0.5mm is etched on the film. The water vapor is further condensed and the surface heat transfer coefficient is high, which can ensure that the water vapor continues to condense and the surface flow resistance is small, which is conducive to the sliding and removal of droplets, and increases the water intake.

作为优选，外壳组件为三层，层层叠加。从下往上，第一层为薄膜蒸发单元中蒸发区与补水区共用的底座中的蒸发区的部分。其用于放置金属多孔介质，金属多孔介质通过毛细吸力将水从介质下部吸到上部。第二层为底座之上，双层有机玻璃罩下方的圆柱形壳体。壳体中部开有一排水孔，孔外接冷凝水收集管路，内侧与排冷凝水环最低点对齐。壳体内侧分为两个部分，下方部分内径小，上方部分内径大，用于放置压膜组件。所述纳米多孔氧化石墨烯薄膜设置在多孔介质上部，用于将金属多孔介质吸上的水进行均匀扩散，同时充分吸收利用太阳能，在真空条件下，其产生的热将水迅速地变成水蒸气，第三层外壳设置在第二层外壳之上，与第二层外壳密封连接，起到对蒸发区整体的固定和气密性的保证。有机玻璃罩的边部嵌入到第二层和第三层外壳之间。作为优选，外壳组件的三层都做了隔热保温处理，防止膜上的热量以热传导的方式散失到外壳组件上。内部两层可进行拆卸，长时间工作后可对内部进行人工清理杂质，防止堵塞。Preferably, the shell components are three-layered, and the layers are stacked. From bottom to top, the first layer is the part of the evaporation area in the base shared by the evaporation area and the water replenishment area in the thin film evaporation unit. It is used to place a metal porous medium, and the metal porous medium sucks water from the lower part of the medium to the upper part through capillary suction. The second layer is the cylindrical shell above the base and under the double-layer plexiglass cover. A drain hole is opened in the middle of the shell, the hole is connected with a condensate water collection pipeline, and the inner side is aligned with the lowest point of the condensate water drain ring. The inner side of the housing is divided into two parts, the lower part has a small inner diameter, and the upper part has a large inner diameter, which is used to place the lamination assembly. The nanoporous graphene oxide film is arranged on the upper part of the porous medium, and is used for uniformly diffusing the water absorbed by the metal porous medium, and at the same time fully absorbs and utilizes the solar energy. For the steam, the third shell is arranged on the second shell, and is sealed and connected with the second shell, so as to ensure the overall fixation and air tightness of the evaporation area. The edge of the plexiglass cover is embedded between the second and third shells. Preferably, the three layers of the casing assembly are heat-insulated to prevent the heat on the film from being dissipated to the casing assembly by means of thermal conduction. The two inner layers can be disassembled, and the interior can be manually cleaned of impurities to prevent clogging after a long time of work.

如图4、7所示，压膜组件设置在第二层外壳组件上，包括下层压膜组件和上层压膜组件，下层压膜组件包括海绵多孔介质，上层压膜组件包括纳米多孔氧化石墨烯薄膜。本申请采用了纳米多孔氧化石墨烯薄膜，多孔石墨烯不仅保留了石墨烯优良的性质，而且相比惰性的石墨烯表面，孔的存在促进了物质运输效率的提高。同时，氧化石墨薄烯的灵活性和成本，比单层石墨烯更具有潜在优势。氧化石墨烯薄膜的独特性质使其成为过滤或脱盐领域的最佳候选膜。此装置采用的其优势是多孔氧化石墨烯薄膜兼具了上述优点，是一个集高效节能于一体的优秀的净水新材料。采用光能蒸发膜，节能环保高效。氧化石墨烯作为一种高效稳定的光热转换材料，其优势是可以将低品位、分散不连续的太阳能转换成高品位的热能，以便最大限度地利用太阳能。本装置能够充分吸收太阳能产生的热，将水迅速地变成水蒸气，实现液相与气相的分离从而达到净水效果。As shown in Figures 4 and 7, the laminated membrane assembly is disposed on the second layer of the shell assembly, including a lower laminated membrane assembly and an upper laminated membrane assembly, the lower laminated membrane assembly includes a sponge porous medium, and the upper laminated membrane assembly includes nanoporous graphene oxide film. The present application adopts a nanoporous graphene oxide film, and the porous graphene not only retains the excellent properties of graphene, but also promotes the improvement of the material transport efficiency compared with the inert graphene surface. At the same time, the flexibility and cost of graphene oxide sheets have potential advantages over single-layer graphene. The unique properties of graphene oxide films make them an excellent candidate for filtration or desalination. The advantage of this device is that the porous graphene oxide film has both the above advantages and is an excellent new water purification material that integrates high efficiency and energy saving. Using light energy evaporation film, energy saving, environmental protection and high efficiency. As an efficient and stable photothermal conversion material, graphene oxide has the advantage that it can convert low-grade, dispersed discontinuous solar energy into high-grade thermal energy in order to maximize the utilization of solar energy. The device can fully absorb the heat generated by solar energy, rapidly turn water into water vapor, and realize the separation of liquid phase and gas phase, thereby achieving the effect of water purification.

压膜组件的上方设置有排水环。如图7所示，排水环包括水平壁和竖直壁，其中水平壁设置在滤纸压片，竖直壁设置在水平壁内侧并且向上延伸，从而使得排水环的截面形成L形。所述出水口设置在竖直壁相对的外壳上。通过设置排水环，使得在有机玻璃上冷凝的水将会沿着管壁流下，并沿着排水环流入管道。作为优选，水平壁可以设置为倾斜壁，从而使得排水环设计有倾斜角度，可以防止存水漏水问题，使得液化水即刻流出蒸发区。A drain ring is arranged above the lamination assembly. As shown in FIG. 7 , the drain ring includes a horizontal wall and a vertical wall, wherein the horizontal wall is provided on the filter paper pressing sheet, and the vertical wall is provided inside the horizontal wall and extends upward, so that the section of the drain ring forms an L shape. The water outlet is arranged on the housing opposite the vertical walls. By setting the drain ring, the water condensed on the plexiglass will flow down the pipe wall and flow into the pipe along the drain ring. Preferably, the horizontal wall can be set as an inclined wall, so that the drainage ring is designed with an inclined angle, which can prevent the problem of water storage and leakage, so that the liquefied water immediately flows out of the evaporation area.

作为优选，出水口与排水环最低点相对。Preferably, the water outlet is opposite to the lowest point of the drainage ring.

作为优选，出水口同时也是出气口，出气口通过管路连接鼓气机。当需要进行输送空气的时候，则关闭出水口管路上的电磁阀7，打开出气口管路上的电磁阀，向内部吹气，吹起的作用是通过吹气使得蒸发区表面上污垢，同时将积水进一步吹走，使得计算产水量更加准确。作为优选，所述的海绵多孔介质下部的外壳组件上设置吹气口，同时第一层外壳组件下部设置废水出口。通过设置废水口，实现废水的排放。通过设置吹气口，能够进一步实现废水排放以及除垢效果。Preferably, the water outlet is also an air outlet, and the air outlet is connected to the blower through a pipeline. When air needs to be transported, close the solenoid valve 7 on the water outlet pipeline, open the solenoid valve on the air outlet pipeline, and blow air to the inside. The accumulated water is further blown away, making the calculation of water production more accurate. Preferably, an air blowing port is arranged on the shell component at the lower part of the sponge porous medium, and a waste water outlet is arranged at the lower part of the first layer of the shell component. By setting the waste water outlet, the discharge of waste water is realized. By setting the air blowing port, the waste water discharge and descaling effects can be further realized.

作为优选，蒸发区底部设置海水浓度检测装置，用于检测海水的浓度，控制器根据检测的海水浓度自动控制排海水。如果测量的海水浓度超过一定数值，则控制器控制电磁阀2打开，蒸发区下部的废水出口打开，浓盐水经由废水出口排出。如果测量的海水浓度低于一定数值，则控制器控制循电磁阀2关闭。Preferably, a seawater concentration detection device is arranged at the bottom of the evaporation zone to detect the concentration of seawater, and the controller automatically controls the discharge of seawater according to the detected seawater concentration. If the measured seawater concentration exceeds a certain value, the controller controls the solenoid valve 2 to open, the waste water outlet at the lower part of the evaporation zone is opened, and the concentrated brine is discharged through the waste water outlet. If the measured seawater concentration is lower than a certain value, the controller controls the solenoid valve 2 to close.

作为优选，自动供水单元能够实现去海水的连续、稳定的输入，并根据蒸发过程中水位的变化实现输水速率的实时调整。Preferably, the automatic water supply unit can realize the continuous and stable input of the seawater, and realize the real-time adjustment of the water delivery rate according to the change of the water level during the evaporation process.

该自动供水单元通过与外部储水箱相连通，外部储水箱通过接头3连接前处理滤芯，实现对装置补水箱的供水。利用电磁阀实现对供水速度的控制以及供水功能的启停。利用压力传感器实时监测管路内部压力。利用装置水位计监视装置上部补水箱水位。利用补水箱实现已经过预处理的海水的储存，从而避免在供水过程由于水压的变化而对薄膜蒸发区中的蒸发环境产生影响。The automatic water supply unit is communicated with the external water storage tank, and the external water storage tank is connected to the pretreatment filter element through the joint 3, so as to realize the water supply to the water supply tank of the device. The solenoid valve is used to control the water supply speed and start and stop the water supply function. Use the pressure sensor to monitor the internal pressure of the pipeline in real time. Use the device water level gauge to monitor the water level of the upper replenishment tank of the device. The water supply tank is used to store the pretreated seawater, so as to avoid the influence on the evaporation environment in the thin film evaporation area due to the change of water pressure during the water supply process.

该自动供水单元包括进水管路、外接储水箱、电磁阀1、压力传感器、水位感应器、前处理滤芯、水泵2。进水管路连接外接储水箱，外接储水箱通过接头3连接前处理滤芯，前处理滤芯连接水泵2，水泵2和前处理滤芯之间设置储水箱。水泵2和补水箱之间设置电磁阀1The automatic water supply unit includes a water inlet pipeline, an external water storage tank, a solenoid valve 1 , a pressure sensor, a water level sensor, a pretreatment filter element, and a water pump 2 . The water inlet pipeline is connected to the external water storage tank, the external water storage tank is connected to the pre-treatment filter element through the joint 3, the pre-treatment filter element is connected to the water pump 2, and a water storage tank is arranged between the water pump 2 and the pre-treatment filter element. Solenoid valve 1 is set between water pump 2 and replenishment tank

该自动供水单元中的进水管路位于补水箱之前，且进水管路接口外引至外接储水箱箱体外部，用于外接水箱或直接连入水源；电磁阀安装于进水管路上，控制水泵抽取海水由初级过滤装置向储水箱的输入；压力传感器分别位于进水管路上，实时监测薄膜蒸发区压力的变化；利用水位计监视装置补水箱水位，判断蒸发区用水情况，再由电磁阀1开闭和水泵2启停控制补水箱水位，保证薄膜蒸发区用水的自动控制和水压的稳定。The water inlet pipeline in the automatic water supply unit is located in front of the water supply tank, and the interface of the water inlet pipeline is led to the outside of the external water storage tank, which is used to connect the external water tank or directly to the water source; the solenoid valve is installed on the water inlet pipeline to control the pump extraction. The seawater is input from the primary filter device to the water storage tank; the pressure sensors are respectively located on the water inlet pipeline to monitor the change of pressure in the thin film evaporation area in real time; the water level meter is used to monitor the water level of the water supply tank to judge the water consumption in the evaporation area, and then the solenoid valve 1 is opened and closed. And water pump 2 starts and stops to control the water level of the replenishment tank to ensure the automatic control of water consumption in the thin film evaporation area and the stability of water pressure.

气体控制单元通过外接真空泵与鼓气机的切换，完成真空环境模组与进气模组的转换。The gas control unit completes the conversion between the vacuum environment module and the air intake module by switching between an external vacuum pump and a blower.

真空环境控制模组能为装置内部进行抽真空处理，从而构建装置内部的真空环境。The vacuum environment control module can evacuate the inside of the device to build a vacuum environment inside the device.

该真空环境控制模组能为装置内部进行抽真空处理，为蒸发过程创造真空环境，实现真空蒸发原理的利用，排出装置内的空气，可有效增快蒸发速率。The vacuum environment control module can vacuumize the inside of the device, create a vacuum environment for the evaporation process, realize the utilization of the principle of vacuum evaporation, and discharge the air in the device, which can effectively increase the evaporation rate.

该真空环境控制模组由真空泵实现对装置内部的抽真空处理；利用电磁阀控制真空泵与蒸发区的通断；利用压力真空传感器检测管路中的真空度，由此判断抽真空处理的进行程度。The vacuum environment control module uses a vacuum pump to realize the vacuum treatment inside the device; uses a solenoid valve to control the on-off between the vacuum pump and the evaporation area; uses a pressure vacuum sensor to detect the vacuum degree in the pipeline, thereby judging the progress of the vacuum treatment. .

本单元可实现的技术指标：装置内部真空度<1Pa。The technical indicators that this unit can achieve: the internal vacuum of the device is less than 1Pa.

如图1所示，真空环境控制模组包括电磁阀5、压力真空传感器、电磁阀7、电磁阀3、抽真空装置，优选真空泵。抽真空装置通过电磁阀5和电磁阀7连接蒸发区，储水箱连接到电磁阀5和电磁阀7之间的管路上，储水箱和电磁阀5、电磁阀7之间的管路上设置电磁阀3，压力真空传感器连接蒸发区，用于检测蒸发区的真空度。As shown in FIG. 1 , the vacuum environment control module includes a solenoid valve 5 , a pressure vacuum sensor, a solenoid valve 7 , a solenoid valve 3 , and a vacuum pump, preferably a vacuum pump. The vacuuming device is connected to the evaporation area through the solenoid valve 5 and the solenoid valve 7, the water storage tank is connected to the pipeline between the solenoid valve 5 and the solenoid valve 7, and the solenoid valve is set on the pipeline between the water storage tank and the solenoid valve 5 and the solenoid valve 7 3. The pressure vacuum sensor is connected to the evaporation area to detect the vacuum degree of the evaporation area.

作为优选，在装置运行前，电磁阀3、6关闭，电磁阀5、7打开，通过抽真空装置进行蒸发区抽真空。Preferably, before the operation of the device, the solenoid valves 3 and 6 are closed, the solenoid valves 5 and 7 are opened, and the evaporation area is evacuated by the vacuum device.

作为优选，运行中，电磁阀5关闭，电磁阀7、3打开，使得冷凝水不断地排入到储水箱。当真空压力传感器检测的真空度达不到要求时，电磁阀5打开，抽真空装置进行抽真空操作。当真空压力传感器检测的真空度达到要求时，电磁阀5关闭，抽真空装置停止抽真空操作。Preferably, during operation, the solenoid valve 5 is closed, and the solenoid valves 7 and 3 are opened, so that the condensed water is continuously discharged into the water storage tank. When the degree of vacuum detected by the vacuum pressure sensor fails to meet the requirements, the solenoid valve 5 is opened, and the vacuuming device performs the vacuuming operation. When the degree of vacuum detected by the vacuum pressure sensor reaches the requirement, the solenoid valve 5 is closed, and the vacuuming device stops the vacuuming operation.

通过对储水箱和蒸发区抽真空，装置内部整体创造真空环境，包括对装置蒸发区抽真空和对储水箱抽真空。从而进一步提高海水淡化效率。By evacuating the water storage tank and the evaporation area, avacuum environment is created inside the device as a whole, including the vacuuming of the evaporation area of the deviceand the vacuuming of the water storage tank. Thereby, the efficiency of seawater desalination is further improved.

作为优选，在装置运行前，电磁阀7、6关闭，电磁阀3、5打开，通过抽真空装置进行Preferably, before the operation of the device, the solenoid valves 7 and 6 are closed, and the solenoid valves 3 and 5 are opened.储水箱抽真空。The storage tank is evacuated.

压力真空传感器安装于真空环境控制单元与薄膜蒸发区单元之间的管路上，能够对管路内部的真空度进行实时监测，进而判断抽真空处理的进行程度，由此反馈至电磁阀5，控制真空泵与蒸发区的通断。优选外置真空泵由VRD-4双极旋片式真空泵、KF16×100真空波纹管组成，所用KF16×100真空波纹管为抽气管路，并连接装置内部管路接口。所用真空泵为 VRD-4双极旋片式真空泵，内置自动防反油阀，极限压强为0.5Pa，接口形式为KF16。真空泵放置于不与箱体接触的位置，可防止真空泵产生的震动对蒸发产生影响。由于蒸发介质为水蒸气，因此为防止污染真空规管，造成损坏，真空规管将置于真空泵口，所用真空规管测量范围为：The pressure vacuum sensor is installed on the pipeline between the vacuum environment control unit and the thin film evaporation area unit, which can monitor the vacuum degree inside the pipeline in real time, and then judge the progress of the vacuum treatment, and then feed back to the solenoid valve 5 to control On and off of vacuum pump and evaporation zone. Preferably, the external vacuum pump is composed of VRD-4 bipolar rotary vane vacuum pump and KF16×100 vacuum bellows. The vacuum pump used is VRD-4 bipolar rotary vane vacuum pump with built-in automatic anti-reverse oil valve, the ultimate pressure is 0.5Pa, and the interface form is KF16. The vacuum pump is placed in a position not in contact with the box, which can prevent the vibration generated by the vacuum pump from affecting the evaporation. Since the evaporation medium is water vapor, in order to prevent the vacuum gauge from being polluted and damaged, the vacuum gauge will be placed at the vacuum pump port. The measurement range of the vacuum gauge used is:

进气模组能够在一个工作周期开始前向装置内部鼓入干燥空气，保证蒸发过程中的产水量能被正确计量。The air intake module can blow dry air into the device before the start of a working cycle to ensure that the water production during the evaporation process can be measured correctly.

进气模组能够在一个工作周期结束后向装置内部鼓入干燥空气，保证蒸发过程中产生的水蒸气能够充分液化流出，保证废水能够全部排出。The air intake module can blow dry air into the inside of the device after a working cycle to ensure that the water vapor generated during the evaporation process can be fully liquefied and flow out, and that the waste water can be completely discharged.

该进气模组利用压气机装置向管路内鼓入干燥气体；利用冷凝器液化残留的水蒸气；利用出气口排出气体，利用电磁阀5控制压气机装置与装置内部的通断，以及出气口处装置与大气的连通。The air intake module uses the compressor device to blow dry gas into the pipeline; uses the condenser to liquefy the residual water vapor; uses the air outlet to discharge the gas, uses the solenoid valve 5 to control the on-off between the compressor device and the inside of the device, and The connection between the device at the air port and the atmosphere.

所述收集测量单元能够进一步净化蒸发后的海水，使其达到饮用水的标准，同时获得薄膜材料的实时蒸发参数、平均蒸发参数。The collection and measurement unit can further purify the evaporated seawater to make it meet the drinking water standard, and at the same time obtain real-time evaporation parameters and average evaporation parameters of the film material.

后处理单元包括过滤装置，所述液化的水经过过滤装置进行处理。过滤装置依次包括PP 滤芯、树脂滤芯、RO逆渗透和活性炭，从而实现液化水的再次净化。PP滤芯实现杂质，胶体，大分子的过滤；树脂滤芯达到脱盐水，硬水变软水的作用；RO逆渗透实现去除离子，病菌；后置活性炭用于提高饮用水的口感。The post-treatment unit includes a filter device through which the liquefied water is processed. The filtration device sequentially includes PP filter element, resin filter element, RO reverse osmosis and activated carbon, so as to realize the repurification of liquefied water. The PP filter element realizes the filtration of impurities, colloids and macromolecules; the resin filter element achieves the effect of desalination and softening of hard water; RO reverse osmosis realizes the removal of ions and germs; the post-installed activated carbon is used to improve the taste of drinking water.

如图1所示，后处理单元由储水箱、后处理滤芯、水泵1组成。蒸发装置的冷凝水进入后处理模块。储水箱通过管道连接电磁阀9，再经管道连接水泵1，最后和滤芯通过管道相连。As shown in Figure 1, the post-processing unit consists of a water storage tank, a post-processing filter element, and a water pump 1. The condensed water of the evaporation device enters the aftertreatment module. The water storage tank is connected to the solenoid valve 9 through a pipeline, and then connected to the water pump 1 through a pipeline, and finally connected to the filter element through a pipeline.

后处理装置输入管道与冷凝器管道连接，输出管道直接连接收集装置，输入管道末端与储水罐相连，储水罐出水口连接电磁阀9和水泵1，并由电磁阀9控制水泵管道开闭，水泵出水口连接滤芯保证液态水被后处理装置内的滤膜充分过滤并促使装置中的残留冷凝水排出。作为优选，后处理装置两侧管路处均采用VCR接头，便于拆卸后处理装置。The input pipe of the post-processing device is connected to the condenser pipe, the output pipe is directly connected to the collection device, the end of the input pipe is connected to the water storage tank, the water outlet of the water storage tank is connected to the solenoid valve 9 and the water pump 1, and the solenoid valve 9 controls the opening and closing of the water pump pipe , The water outlet of the pump is connected to the filter element to ensure that the liquid water is fully filtered by the filter membrane in the post-processing device and to promote the discharge of the residual condensed water in the device. Preferably, the pipelines on both sides of the post-processing device are equipped with VCR joints, which is convenient for disassembling the post-processing device.

废水处理装置能够实现废水的排放，保证蒸发区内海水的密度。The wastewater treatment device can realize the discharge of wastewater and ensure the density of seawater in the evaporation area.

在蒸发进行一定时间，优选5小时之后，整个装置会整体进行一个充气、排废水、抽真空、进水的一个循环，该单元利用充气之后减小内外压差，打开电磁阀从而利用重力效应来排干蒸发区的废水。After evaporating for a certain period of time, preferably after 5 hours, the whole device will carry out a cycle of aeration, waste water, vacuuming, and water inflow. Drain the waste water from the evaporation zone.

废水处理装置包括外接废水箱、电磁阀2和管路。电磁阀2位于蒸发区和外接废水箱之间，通过打开电磁阀2，装置蒸发区内的废水会因为自身重力而全部流入到外接废水箱中，打开进气模组，向装置内鼓气，促进装置内的残余废水排出。The waste water treatment device includes an external waste water tank, a solenoid valve 2 and a pipeline. The solenoid valve 2 is located between the evaporation area and the external waste water tank. By opening the solenoid valve 2, all the waste water in the evaporation area of the device will flow into the external waste water tank due to its own gravity. Open the air intake module and blow air into the device. Promote the discharge of residual waste water in the device.

在进行蒸发操作前需将装置通过真空环境控制模块进行真空处理降低水的沸点以保证蒸发效率。真空环境控制模组由电磁阀5、压力真空传感器、外置真空泵、管路组成。电磁阀5 安装于抽气管路上，能够控制真空泵与蒸发区的通断。压力真空传感器安装于真空环境控制单元与薄膜蒸发区单元之间的管路上，能够对管路内部的真空度进行实时监测，进而判断抽真空处理的进行程度，由此反馈至电磁阀5，控制真空泵与蒸发区的通断。外置真空泵由VRD-4 双极旋片式真空泵、KF16×100真空波纹管组成，所用KF16×100真空波纹管为抽气管路，并连接装置内部管路接口。所用真空泵为VRD-4双极旋片式真空泵，内置自动防反油阀，极限压强为0.5Pa，接口形式为KF16。真空泵放置于不与箱体接触的位置，可防止真空泵产生的震动对蒸发产生影响。由于蒸发介质为水蒸气，因此为防止污染真空规管，造成损坏，真空规管将置于真空泵口，所用真空规管测量范围为：1×10^-5～1×10⁵PaBefore the evaporation operation, the device needs to be subjected to vacuum treatment through the vacuum environment control module to reduce the boiling point of water to ensure the evaporation efficiency. The vacuum environment control module is composed of solenoid valve 5, pressure vacuum sensor, external vacuum pump and pipeline. The solenoid valve 5 is installed on the suction pipeline, and can control the on-off of the vacuum pump and the evaporation area. The pressure vacuum sensor is installed on the pipeline between the vacuum environment control unit and the thin film evaporation area unit, which can monitor the vacuum degree inside the pipeline in real time, and then judge the progress of the vacuum treatment. On and off of vacuum pump and evaporation zone. The external vacuum pump is composed of VRD-4 bipolar rotary vane vacuum pump and KF16×100 vacuum bellows. The vacuum pump used is VRD-4 bipolar rotary vane vacuum pump with built-in automatic anti-reverse oil valve, the ultimate pressure is 0.5Pa, and the interface form is KF16. The vacuum pump is placed in a position not in contact with the box to prevent the vibration generated by the vacuum pump from affecting evaporation. Since the evaporation medium is water vapor, in order to prevent the vacuum gauge from being polluted and damaged, the vacuum gauge will be placed at the vacuum pump port, and the measurement range of the vacuum gauge used is: 1×10^-5 ～1×10⁵ Pa

海水通过自动供水单元进入装置并向薄膜蒸发区补水区供水，自动供水单元通过与外部储水箱相连通，实现对装置水箱的供水。利用电磁阀实现对供水速度的控制以及供水功能的启停。利用压力传感器实时监测管路内部压力。利用装置右侧透明软管监视装置上部水箱水位。利用上部储水箱实现已经过预处理的海水的储存，从而避免在供水过程由于水压的变化而对薄膜蒸发区中的蒸发环境产生影响。Seawater enters the device through the automatic water supply unit and supplies water to the water replenishment area of the film evaporation area. The automatic water supply unit communicates with the external water storage tank to realize the water supply to the water tank of the device. The solenoid valve is used to control the water supply speed and start and stop the water supply function. Use the pressure sensor to monitor the internal pressure of the pipeline in real time. Use the transparent hose on the right side of the unit to monitor the water level in the upper tank of the unit. The upper water storage tank is used to realize the storage of the pretreated seawater, so as to avoid the influence on the evaporation environment in the thin film evaporation area due to the change of water pressure during the water supply process.

薄膜蒸发区包括蒸发区和补水区，两区域通过管道相互联通，由补水区向蒸发区进行补水。补水区高度略高于蒸发区，从而保证薄膜蒸发区用水的充足以及蒸发薄膜表面的张力的稳定，以保证蒸发薄膜在蒸发过程中能够充分接触液面，更好的实现蒸发过程。两区域连接管道：补水区到蒸发区的管路上接有控制流量大小的阀门，通过手动调节流量的大小来保证试验区的水不会没过薄膜。污水在蒸发区蒸发并在有机玻璃罩上冷凝，冷凝的水将会沿着罩壁流下，并沿着排水环流入管道。排水环设计有倾斜角度，可以防止存水漏水问题，使得液化水即刻流出蒸发区。The thin film evaporation area includes an evaporation area and a water replenishment area. The two areas are connected to each other through pipes, and the water replenishment area is supplied to the evaporation area. The height of the water replenishment area is slightly higher than that of the evaporation area, so as to ensure the sufficient water in the evaporation area of the film and the stability of the surface tension of the evaporation film, so as to ensure that the evaporation film can fully contact the liquid surface during the evaporation process and better realize the evaporation process. Connecting pipelines between the two areas: The pipeline from the water replenishment area to the evaporation area is connected with a valve to control the flow rate. By manually adjusting the flow rate, it is ensured that the water in the test area will not pass through the film. The sewage evaporates in the evaporation zone and condenses on the plexiglass cover, and the condensed water will flow down the wall of the cover and flow into the pipeline along the drainage ring. The drainage ring is designed with an inclined angle, which can prevent the problem of water leakage and make the liquefied water flow out of the evaporation area immediately.

从蒸发区流出的冷凝水通过管道进入后处理单元，后处理装置输入管道与蒸发区管道连接，输出管道直接连接收集装置，输入管道末端与储水罐相连，储水罐出水口连接电磁阀9 和水泵1，并由电磁阀9控制水泵管道开闭，水泵出水口连接滤芯保证液态水被后处理装置内的滤膜充分过滤并促使装置中的残留冷凝水排出。后处理装置两侧管路处均采用VCR接头，便于拆卸后处理装置。The condensed water flowing out from the evaporation area enters the post-processing unit through the pipeline, the input pipeline of the post-processing device is connected to the pipeline of the evaporation area, the output pipeline is directly connected to the collection device, the end of the input pipeline is connected to the water storage tank, and the water outlet of the water storage tank is connected to the solenoid valve 9 And the water pump 1, and the solenoid valve 9 controls the opening and closing of the water pump pipeline. The water outlet of the water pump is connected to the filter element to ensure that the liquid water is fully filtered by the filter membrane in the post-processing device and the residual condensed water in the device is discharged. The pipelines on both sides of the post-processing device are equipped with VCR joints, which is convenient for disassembling the post-processing device.

蒸发操作完成后的高浓度废水将通过废水处理模块排出，为进一步的无害化处理做准备。废水处理模块由外接废水箱、电磁阀2、管路构成。电磁阀2位于蒸发区和外接废水箱之间，通过打开电磁阀2，装置蒸发区内的废水会因为自身重力而全部流入到外接废水箱中，打开进气模组，向装置内鼓气，促进装置内的残余废水排出。The high-concentration wastewater after the evaporation operation is completed will be discharged through the wastewater treatment module to prepare for further harmless treatment. The waste water treatment module consists of an external waste water tank, a solenoid valve 2 and a pipeline. The solenoid valve 2 is located between the evaporation area and the external waste water tank. By opening the solenoid valve 2, all the waste water in the evaporation area of the device will flow into the external waste water tank due to its own gravity. Open the air intake module and blow air into the device. Promote the discharge of residual waste water in the device.

整个操作过程均可通过手动和自动两种操作方式进行，是装置可以根据实际污水种类进行调整，提高了装置对不同工作环境的适应性。同时为了进一步提升薄膜蒸发测试仪各模块间的协调性和灵活性等性能，以及解决手动操作效率低、人为误差较大等问题，我们选择了德国西门子公司生产的S7-200 SMART可编程PLC控制器做控制系统。利用PLC控制器带动电磁阀定时开关，充分结合PLC功能强大、编程简易、配套齐全、性能稳定、使用方便等特点，实现对各个蒸发阶段灵活控制。The whole operation process can be carried out by manual and automatic operation modes. The device can be adjusted according to the actual sewage type, which improves the adaptability of the device to different working environments. At the same time, in order to further improve the coordination and flexibility between the modules of the thin film evaporation tester, and to solve the problems of low manual operation efficiency and large human error, we chose the S7-200 SMART programmable PLC control system produced by Siemens in Germany. as the control system. Using the PLC controller to drive the solenoid valve timing switch, fully combining the PLC's powerful functions, simple programming, complete supporting facilities, stable performance, and convenient use, flexible control of each evaporation stage is realized.

作为一个改进，该海水淡化装置是设置在船舶上。该装置还可以利用船舶锅炉上的烟气余热。As an improvement, the seawater desalination device is arranged on the ship. The device can also utilize the waste heat of flue gas on the ship's boiler.

烟气由主机排气管路旁路引出，过滤后通过鼓风机吹入补水箱，用于加热补水箱的热水。The flue gas is drawn out by the bypass of the exhaust pipe of the main engine, and after being filtered, it is blown into the water supply tank through the blower, which is used to heat the hot water in the water supply tank.

作为优选，包括均温装置，所述均温装置设置在烟气进入补水箱的管路上。烟气通过设置在补水箱的多个换热管来加热补水箱中的水。通过提前预热补水箱中的水，可以提高水的温度，从而进一步提高海水淡化的效率。Preferably, a temperature equalization device is included, and the temperature equalization device is arranged on the pipeline where the flue gas enters the water supply tank. The flue gas heats the water in the supplementary water tank through a plurality of heat exchange tubes arranged in the supplementary water tank. By preheating the water in the replenishment tank in advance, the temperature of the water can be increased, thereby further improving the efficiency of seawater desalination.

作为优选，烟气从烟气管道输出多个管口，每个管口连接一根换热管。Preferably, the flue gas is output from the flue gas pipeline with a plurality of nozzles, and each nozzle is connected to a heat exchange tube.

均温装置如图8所示，烟气管道上内设置从烟气管道内壁51向烟气管道中心延伸的引流板52，所述引流板52包括从内壁延伸的第一弯曲壁521和第二弯曲壁522，其中第一弯曲壁 521与内壁51连接处切线与内壁形成的锐角小于第二弯曲壁522与内壁连接处切线与内壁形成的锐角，第一弯曲壁521和第二弯曲522壁朝向烟气流动方向弯曲延伸，弯曲方向也朝向烟气流动方向，第一弯曲壁521和第二弯曲壁522的交点523位于第一弯曲壁521与内壁51 连接处的下游，同时位于第二弯曲壁522与内壁连接处的下游。引流板52的形状是第一弯曲壁521和第二弯曲壁522以及内壁沿着烟气管道轴线旋转形成的形状。The temperature equalization device is shown in Fig. 8, the flue gas duct is provided with aguide plate 52 extending from theinner wall 51 of the flue gas duct to the center of the flue gas duct. Theguide plate 52 includes a firstcurved wall 521 and a second curved wall extending from the inner wall.Curved wall 522, wherein the acute angle formed by the tangent of the connection between the firstcurved wall 521 and theinner wall 51 and the inner wall is smaller than the acute angle formed by the tangent of the connection between the secondcurved wall 522 and the inner wall and the inner wall. The firstcurved wall 521 and the secondcurved wall 522 face The flue gas flow direction is curved and extended, and the curved direction is also toward the flue gas flow direction. Theintersection 523 of the firstcurved wall 521 and the secondcurved wall 522 is located downstream of the connection between the firstcurved wall 521 and theinner wall 51, and is also located on the second curved wall. 522 downstream of the junction with the inner wall. The shape of theguide plate 52 is a shape formed by the rotation of the firstcurved wall 521, the secondcurved wall 522 and the inner wall along the axis of the flue gas duct.

烟气在传输过程中因为不同位置保温不同以及对流原因，会导致分层出现温差，尤其对于多口输入烟气，利用烟气余热情况下，导致蒸馏器内换热不均匀，影响产品的换热以及寿命。本发明提供了通过在烟气管道内设置引流板，使得烟气一部分沿着引流板流动引导至相反的方向，与相反方向进入的烟气充分混合，从而实现烟气的温度均匀，以实现进一步换热需要，提高产品使用寿命。During the transmission process of flue gas, due to different thermal insulation at different positions and due to convection, it will lead to temperature difference in stratification. Especially for multi-port input flue gas, when the waste heat of flue gas is used, the heat exchange in the distiller will be uneven, which will affect the exchange of products. heat and longevity. The present invention provides that by arranging a guide plate in the flue gas duct, part of the flue gas flows along the guide plate and is guided to the opposite direction, and is fully mixed with the flue gas entering in the opposite direction, so as to realize the uniform temperature of the flue gas, so as to achieve further Heat exchange needs to improve product service life.

本发明引流板分别设置第一弯曲壁和第二弯曲壁，通过设置两个弯曲壁，使得烟气的扰动效果更好，而且使得引流板接触内壁的面积增加，增加了稳定性。而且通过设置第二弯曲壁，使得从对面方向导流过来的烟气也能沿着第二弯曲壁方向弯曲方向运动，增加缓冲，减少流动阻力。The guide plate of the present invention is respectively provided with a first curved wall and a second curved wall. By setting the two curved walls, the disturbance effect of the flue gas is better, and the area of the guide plate contacting the inner wall is increased, thereby increasing the stability. Moreover, by arranging the second curved wall, the flue gas guided from the opposite direction can also move along the curved direction of the second curved wall, so as to increase the buffer and reduce the flow resistance.

作为优选，第一弯曲壁521和第二弯曲壁522是圆弧，其中第一弯曲壁521的圆弧直径小于第二弯曲壁522的圆弧直径。Preferably, the firstcurved wall 521 and the secondcurved wall 522 are circular arcs, wherein the diameter of the circular arc of the firstcurved wall 521 is smaller than the diameter of the circular arc of the secondcurved wall 522 .

本发明通过第一壁和第二壁是圆弧状，使得烟气流动阻力更小，容易流向对方进行混合。In the present invention, the first wall and the second wall are arc-shaped, so that the flow resistance of the flue gas is smaller, and it is easy to flow to each other for mixing.

作为优选，交点523位置处第一弯曲壁521的切线与烟气管道的轴线形成30-60°的夹角，优选夹角是45°。通过设置这一夹角，使得流体能够快速引导到对面的下游位置，而且还能进一步减少流动阻力。Preferably, the tangent of the firstcurved wall 521 at theintersection point 523 and the axis of the flue gas duct form an included angle of 30-60°, preferably the included angle is 45°. By setting this angle, the fluid can be quickly guided to the opposite downstream position, and the flow resistance can be further reduced.

作为优选，如图8所示，沿着烟气的流动方向，烟气管道内壁设置多层引流板52，相邻层的引流板错列分布。通过相邻排的引流板的错列分布，使得烟气能够在烟气管道内充分的互相运动到相反位置，保证充分混合均匀。图3展示的每层引流板设置一块。当然每层引流板可以设置多块，例如设置3块。Preferably, as shown in FIG. 8 , along the flow direction of the flue gas, multiple layers offlow guide plates 52 are arranged on the inner wall of the flue gas duct, and the flow guide plates of adjacent layers are staggered. Through the staggered distribution of adjacent rows of guide plates, the flue gas can fully move to opposite positions in the flue gas duct to ensure full and uniform mixing. Figure 3 shows one drainage plate per layer. Of course, each layer of drainage board can be provided with multiple pieces, for example, 3 pieces.

作为优选，交点与烟气管道内壁的距离为烟气管道直径的0.3-0.5倍，优选0.4倍。通过这一设置使得空气在充分混合基础上较少流动阻力。Preferably, the distance between the intersection point and the inner wall of the flue gas duct is 0.3-0.5 times the diameter of the flue gas duct, preferably 0.4 times. With this arrangement there is less resistance to flow of the air on a well-mixed basis.

作为优选，第一弯曲壁的长度大于第二弯曲壁的长度。Preferably, the length of the first curved wall is greater than the length of the second curved wall.

作为优选，同一层的引流板与内壁连接的圆弧的总弧度是150－180°。通过这一参数设置保证在满足阻力要求的充分混合。例如图8、10、12展示的每层引流板设置一块，这一块的总弧度是150-180°。当然每层引流板可以设置多块，例如图8的每层设置三块的总弧度是150－180°。Preferably, the total arc of the arc connecting the flow guide plate and the inner wall of the same layer is 150-180°. This parameter setting ensures adequate mixing while meeting the resistance requirements. For example, as shown in Figures 8, 10, and 12, there is one piece for each layer of drainage plates, and the total arc of this piece is 150-180°. Of course, each layer of the drainage plate can be provided with multiple pieces. For example, in Figure 8, the total arc of three pieces per layer is 150-180°.

作为优选，A层引流板设置多块，A引流板之间设置间隔，A引流板等间隔设置，B层是 A层的相邻排，从流动方向观察，B层引流板设置在A层的间隔位置处。通过相邻层的引流板位置互补，能够使得烟气能够在烟气管道内充分的互相运动到相反位置，保证充分混合均匀。需要说明的，此处A层B层不是不是具体明确指定那一层，A、B仅仅是作为一个区别，将其作为相邻层进行区别。Preferably, the A-layer drainage plates are provided with multiple pieces, the A-layer drainage plates are set at intervals, the A drainage plates are arranged at equal intervals, and the B-layer is the adjacent row of the A-layer. Viewed from the flow direction, the B-layer drainage plates are arranged on the bottom of the A-layer. interval position. By complementing the positions of the guide plates of adjacent layers, the flue gas can be sufficiently moved to opposite positions in the flue gas duct to ensure sufficient and uniform mixing. It should be noted that the layers A and B are not specifically designated here, and A and B are only used as a difference, and are distinguished as adjacent layers.

作为优选，沿着烟气的流动方向，烟气管道内壁设置多个引流板，沿着烟气的流动方向，引流板的分布密度越来越小。因为随着烟气的不断运动，烟气的混合程度越来越好，因此需要设置分布密度越来越小，以减轻流动阻力，在阻力减小以及材料成本节省的程度上，所述的均温效果达到基本相同的效果。Preferably, along the flow direction of the flue gas, a plurality of guide plates are arranged on the inner wall of the flue gas duct, and along the flow direction of the flue gas, the distribution density of the guide plates becomes smaller and smaller. Because with the continuous movement of the flue gas, the mixing degree of the flue gas is getting better and better, so it is necessary to set the distribution density to be smaller and smaller to reduce the flow resistance. The temperature effect achieves basically the same effect.

作为优选，沿着烟气的流动方向，沿着烟气的流动方向，引流板的分布密度越来越小的幅度不断增加。上述效果是通过大量数值模拟以及蒸发研究的结果，通过研究发现，该规律符合烟气运动的规律，在阻力进一步减小以及材料成本节省的程度上，所述的均温效果达到基本相同的效果。Preferably, along the flow direction of the flue gas, along the flow direction of the flue gas, the distribution density of the flow guide plate becomes smaller and smaller, and the amplitude increases continuously. The above effects are the results of a large number of numerical simulations and evaporation studies. Through research, it is found that this law conforms to the law of flue gas movement. To the extent that the resistance is further reduced and the material cost is saved, the temperature uniformity effect achieves basically the same effect. .

作为优选，沿着烟气的流动方向，烟气管道内壁设置多个引流板，沿着烟气的流动方向，引流板的尺寸越来越小。因为随着烟气的不断运动，烟气的混合程度越来越好，因此需要设置尺寸越来越小，以减轻流动阻力，在阻力减小以及材料成本节省的程度上，所述的均温效果达到基本相同的效果。Preferably, along the flow direction of the flue gas, a plurality of guide plates are arranged on the inner wall of the flue gas duct, and along the flow direction of the flue gas, the size of the guide plates is getting smaller and smaller. Because with the continuous movement of the flue gas, the mixing degree of the flue gas is getting better and better, so it is necessary to set the size to be smaller and smaller to reduce the flow resistance. The effect is basically the same.

作为优选，沿着烟气的流动方向，烟气管道内壁设置多个引流板，沿着烟气的流动方向，引流板的尺寸越来越小的幅度不断增加。上述效果是通过大量数值模拟以及蒸发研究的结果，通过研究发现，该规律符合烟气运动的规律，在阻力进一步减小以及材料成本节省的程度上，所述的均温效果达到基本相同的效果。Preferably, along the flow direction of the flue gas, a plurality of guide plates are arranged on the inner wall of the flue gas duct. The above effects are the results of a large number of numerical simulations and evaporation studies. Through research, it is found that this law conforms to the law of flue gas movement. To the extent that the resistance is further reduced and the material cost is saved, the temperature uniformity effect achieves basically the same effect. .

通过大量的数值模拟和蒸发研究发现，引流板的角度以及尺寸对于换热以及混合均匀具有很大的影响，引流板与内壁夹角偏小，会导致混合效果变差，而且导致引流板尺寸过大，影响流动阻力，夹角偏大，导致搅动流体效果不好，阻力变大，混合效果变差，引流板的间距过大，会导致扰流效果不好，间距过小会导致增加运动阻力，因此本申请通过大量的数据模拟和蒸发得到了最近的引流板结构尺寸优化关系。Through a large number of numerical simulations and evaporation studies, it is found that the angle and size of the guide plate have a great influence on the heat transfer and mixing uniformity. If it is too large, it will affect the flow resistance, and the included angle will be too large, which will lead to poor fluid stirring effect, large resistance, and poor mixing effect. If the spacing between the drainage plates is too large, it will lead to poor turbulence effect, and if the spacing is too small, it will increase the movement resistance. , so this application obtained the most recent optimal relationship between the structure and size of the guide plate through a large number of data simulation and evaporation.

作为优选，第一弯曲壁与内壁的连接点与交点523之间第一线的长度L2，第二弯曲壁与内壁的连接点与交点523之间的第二线的长度L1，第一线与内壁的锐角是A2，第二线与内部的锐角是A1，沿着烟气的流动方向上相邻楔形结构的间距S，即相邻引流板在内壁的中心点之间的距离，中心点就是第一弯曲壁、第二弯曲壁与内壁的连接点连线的中点，满足如下要求：Preferably, the length L2 of the first line between the connection point of the first curved wall and the inner wall and theintersection 523, the length L1 of the second line between the connection point of the second curved wall and the inner wall and theintersection 523, the first line and the inner wall The acute angle is A2, the acute angle between the second line and the interior is A1, the distance S between adjacent wedge structures along the flow direction of the flue gas, that is, the distance between the center points of the inner walls of the adjacent guide plates, the center point is the first The midpoint of the connection point between the curved wall, the second curved wall and the inner wall shall meet the following requirements:

N＝a-b*Ln(M)，其中N＝(L1+L2)/S，M＝sin(A2)/sin(A1)；Ln是对数函数，N=a-b*Ln(M), where N=(L1+L2)/S, M=sin(A2)/sin(A1); Ln is a logarithmic function,

0.263<a<0.264，0.0829<b<0.0831；0.263<a<0.264, 0.0829<b<0.0831;

作为优选，0.25<M<0.75,0.28<N<0.35,45<A1<75°，15<A2<45°；Preferably, 0.25<M<0.75, 0.28<N<0.35, 45<A1<75°, 15<A2<45°;

管道5的直径D＝5000-8000mm。The diameter of the pipe 5 is D=5000-8000 mm.

由上述各式可以进行引流板结构的最优的设计要求。上述的结构优化公式是本发明的一个主要改进点，是通过大量的数值模拟和蒸发研究的出来的最有的优化公式，并不是本领域的公知常识。The optimal design requirements for the structure of the guide plate can be made by the above formulas. The above-mentioned structural optimization formula is a major improvement point of the present invention, and it is the best optimization formula obtained through a large number of numerical simulations and evaporation studies, and is not common knowledge in the field.

进一步优选，a＝0.2634，b＝0.0830。More preferably, a=0.2634, b=0.0830.

在数据模拟以及蒸发中发现，引流板之间的间距必须大于一定距离，否则会导致流体通过上一个引流板引导到对面方向，但是如果引流板之间的间距过小，会导致烟气在对面流动，还没充分充满整个管道，此时设置引流板，起不到混合效果，引流板仅仅起到是一个折流板作用，没有引导混合的作用，只能增加流动阻力。因此本申请通过大量的研究，提出了一个引流板最小间距的设计方案，对于此种引流板的设计具有一定的指导意义。In the data simulation and evaporation, it is found that the distance between the guide plates must be greater than a certain distance, otherwise the fluid will be guided to the opposite direction through the previous guide plate, but if the distance between the guide plates is too small, the flue gas will be on the opposite side. The flow has not yet fully filled the entire pipeline. At this time, the drainage plate is installed, and the mixing effect cannot be achieved. The drainage plate only acts as a baffle plate, which does not guide the mixing and can only increase the flow resistance. Therefore, this application proposes a design scheme for the minimum spacing of the drainage plates through a large amount of research, which has certain guiding significance for the design of such drainage plates.

交点523在内壁上的垂点，交点与垂点形成的线是第三线，第一弯曲壁与内壁的连接点与垂点的距离为H，第一线和第三线形成的锐角为A3，交点位置处的第一弯曲壁的切线与烟气管道的轴线形成的锐角为A4，烟气管道的内管径为R，距离S采用如下方式设计：Theintersection point 523 is the vertical point on the inner wall, the line formed by the intersection point and the vertical point is the third line, the distance between the connection point of the first curved wall and the inner wall and the vertical point is H, the acute angle formed by the first line and the third line is A3, the intersection point The acute angle formed by the tangent of the first curved wall at the location and the axis of the flue gas duct is A4, the inner diameter of the flue gas duct is R, and the distance S is designed as follows:

(S/H)>a+b*Ln(T)，(S/R)²>c+d*Ln(T)；(S/H)>a+b*Ln(T), (S/R)² >c+d*Ln(T);

其中T＝sin(A3)/sin(A4)，2.74<a<2.75,17.4<b<17.5，1.998<c<1.999，3.431<d<3.432， 30<A3<70°，20<A4<60°；优选1.07<T<1.30；where T=sin(A3)/sin(A4), 2.74<a<2.75, 17.4<b<17.5, 1.998<c<1.999, 3.431<d<3.432, 30<A3<70°, 20<A4<60° ; preferably 1.07<T<1.30;

作为优选，a＝2.743,b＝17.47,c＝1.9984,d＝0.4316；Preferably, a=2.743, b=17.47, c=1.9984, d=0.4316;

本发明通过大量的蒸发以及数值模拟，得到了引流板最小的设计距离，通过上述设计距离使得阻力降低，同时能够此充分混合。The present invention obtains the minimum design distance of the guide plate through a large amount of evaporation and numerical simulation, and through the above design distance, the resistance is reduced, and at the same time, sufficient mixing can be achieved.

虽然本发明已以较佳实施例披露如上，但本发明并非限定于此。任何本领域技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，均可作各种更动与修改，因此本发明的保护范围应当以权利要求所限定的范围为准。Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the scope defined by the claims.

Claims (4)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种太阳能海水淡化装置，包括薄膜蒸发单元、自动供水单元、气体控制单元和后处理单元，所述自动供水单元向薄膜蒸发单元供海水，在薄膜蒸发单元中蒸发产生水蒸气，所述水蒸气输出到后处理单元，所述气体控制单元包括真空泵和鼓气机，所述控制系统控制真空泵和鼓气机之间切换，通过真空泵实现海水蒸发的真空环境，然后当海水淡化运行到需要进行排废水时候，鼓气机输入空气，向外排出废水。1. A solar-powered seawater desalination device, comprising a thin-film evaporation unit, an automatic water supply unit, a gas control unit and a post-processing unit, the automatic water supply unit supplies seawater to the thin-film evaporation unit, and evaporates in the thin-film evaporation unit to generate water vapor, and the The water vapor is output to the post-processing unit. The gas control unit includes a vacuum pump and an air blower. The control system controls the switching between the vacuum pump and the air blower, and realizes a vacuum environment for seawater evaporation through the vacuum pump. When the waste water is discharged, the air blower inputs air and discharges the waste water to the outside.2.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，薄膜蒸发单元包括工作区和补水区，两区域通过管道相互联通，由补水区向工作区进行补水。2 . The device according to claim 1 , wherein the thin-film evaporation unit comprises a working area and a water replenishing area, and the two areas are communicated with each other through pipes, and the water replenishing area supplies water to the working area. 3 .3.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，补水区高度略高于蒸发区。3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the height of the replenishment zone is slightly higher than that of the evaporation zone.4.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，补水区到蒸发区的管路上接有控制流量大小的阀门。4. The device according to claim 1, wherein a valve for controlling the flow rate is connected to the pipeline from the water replenishment area to the evaporation area.

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