技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及生理监测技术领域，特别是涉及一种基于BCG信号与PPG信号融合的生理监测系统。The invention relates to the technical field of physiological monitoring, and in particular to a physiological monitoring system based on the fusion of BCG signals and PPG signals.
背景技术Background technique
心脏跳动周期中心脏泵血能引起身体产生相应的运动，通过高灵敏度传感器拾取该运动信号，并将其描记成波形，该波形称为心冲击图(Ballistocardiogram，BCG)。因为BCG信号记录的是心脏泵血引起的与心搏同步的身体运动，所以BCG信号间接反映了心脏动力和运动状态。对BCG信号进行分析可以获取与之相关的生命体征或生理参数，并有可能对相关疾病进行预测、诊断或跟踪监测。During the heart beat cycle, the heart pumps blood, which can cause the body to produce corresponding movements. The movement signal is picked up by a high-sensitivity sensor and traced into a waveform. This waveform is called a ballistocardiogram (BCG). Because the BCG signal records the body movement that is synchronized with the heartbeat caused by the heart pumping blood, the BCG signal indirectly reflects the heart's power and motion status. Analysis of BCG signals can obtain relevant vital signs or physiological parameters, and it is possible to predict, diagnose or track and monitor related diseases.
近二十年来，随着传感器、电子和信号处理与分析等技术的快速发展，BCG信号检测变得更加方便，测量精度也大为提高，BCG技术本身又具备无创、非接触式和可长期连续监测等优点，因此，BCG信号被应用于心率、睡眠结构分析、心脏功能监测和评价等方面的定性、定量研究和临床应用，并取得了一定的研究成果。In the past two decades, with the rapid development of sensors, electronics and signal processing and analysis technologies, BCG signal detection has become more convenient and measurement accuracy has been greatly improved. BCG technology itself is non-invasive, non-contact and can be used continuously for a long time. Monitoring and other advantages, therefore, BCG signals have been used in qualitative and quantitative research and clinical applications in heart rate, sleep structure analysis, cardiac function monitoring and evaluation, etc., and have achieved certain research results.
光电容积描记术(Photoplethysmography，PPG)是通过光电技术记录由心脏舒缩活动引起皮肤下微血管组织中血容量的变化，它是一种非侵入性光学生物监测技术，具有使用简单、无创、便携、准确、实时、可重复等特点。随着光电技术的不断发展，PPG在医学领域的应用也愈加广泛。PPG波形不仅可以收集心率、血压、呼吸、脉搏血氧饱和度等相关生理病理参数，而且可用于评估心输出量、血容量、动脉有无硬化或狭窄、高血压、糖尿病微血管病变和心血管危险因素等，PPG已被用于研究心血管功能，在远程医疗、疾病监测等方面具有广泛的应用前景。Photoplethysmography (PPG) uses photoelectric technology to record changes in blood volume in microvascular tissue under the skin caused by cardiac diastolic activity. It is a non-invasive optical biomonitoring technology that is simple to use, non-invasive, portable, Accurate, real-time, repeatable and other characteristics. With the continuous development of photoelectric technology, PPG is increasingly used in the medical field. The PPG waveform can not only collect relevant physiological and pathological parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, pulse oximetry, etc., but also can be used to evaluate cardiac output, blood volume, arterial hardening or stenosis, hypertension, diabetic microvascular disease, and cardiovascular risk. Factors, etc., PPG has been used to study cardiovascular function and has broad application prospects in telemedicine, disease monitoring, etc.
但是BCG信号和PPG信号的采集都会受到外界因素干扰，如：运动伪影、温度、噪音等，虽然有些研究运用不同的算法消除了个别因素的干扰得到了可观的结果，但其在疾病监测与诊断方面还需要大样本的随机对照实验及数据的支持。并且，单一BCG信号与PPG信号所分析得到的生理参数与实际生理参数相关度较低，存在定性判断不准确的问题。However, the collection of BCG signals and PPG signals will be interfered by external factors, such as: motion artifacts, temperature, noise, etc. Although some studies have used different algorithms to eliminate the interference of individual factors and obtained promising results, their application in disease monitoring and Diagnosis also requires large-sample randomized controlled trials and data support. Moreover, the correlation between the physiological parameters analyzed by a single BCG signal and PPG signal and the actual physiological parameters is low, and there is a problem of inaccurate qualitative judgment.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种基于BCG信号与PPG信号融合的生理监测系统，能够提高监测的准确性。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a physiological monitoring system based on the fusion of BCG signals and PPG signals, which can improve the accuracy of monitoring.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：提供一种基于BCG信号与PPG信号融合的生理监测系统，包括：The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is to provide a physiological monitoring system based on the fusion of BCG signals and PPG signals, including:
BCG信号采集系统，用于采集人体的BCG信号；BCG signal acquisition system, used to collect BCG signals from the human body;
PPG信号采集系统，用于采集人体的PPG信号；PPG signal acquisition system, used to collect PPG signals from the human body;
上位机，用于接收所述BCG信号采集系统采集的BCG信号与所述PPG信号采集系统采集的PPG信号数据，并对两种信号数据进行分析，并对分析结果采用非线性拟合的方式进行融合得到最终的生理参数信息。The upper computer is used to receive the BCG signal collected by the BCG signal acquisition system and the PPG signal data collected by the PPG signal acquisition system, analyze the two signal data, and use nonlinear fitting method for the analysis results. The final physiological parameter information is obtained through fusion.
所述的BCG信号采集系统包括：压阻传感器，用于采集原始BCG信号；BCG预处理模块，用于对所述原始BCG信号进行预处理；BCG信号采集芯片，用于采集预处理后的BCG信号；BCG信号数据接口，用于将所述BCG信号采集芯片采集到的BCG信号传输至所述上位机。The BCG signal acquisition system includes: a piezoresistive sensor, used to collect the original BCG signal; a BCG preprocessing module, used to preprocess the original BCG signal; and a BCG signal acquisition chip, used to collect the preprocessed BCG. Signal; BCG signal data interface, used to transmit the BCG signal collected by the BCG signal acquisition chip to the host computer.
所述BCG预处理模块包括：BCG信号放大器，用于对所述原始BCG信号进行放大；BCG信号滤波器，用于对放大后的原始BCG信号进行滤波。The BCG preprocessing module includes: a BCG signal amplifier, used to amplify the original BCG signal; and a BCG signal filter, used to filter the amplified original BCG signal.
所述的PPG信号采集系统包括：PPG探头，用于采集原始PPG信号；PPG预处理模块，用于对所述原始PPG信号进行预处理；PPG信号采集芯片，用于采集预处理后的PPG信号；PPG信号数据接口，用于将所述PPG信号采集芯片采集到的PPG信号传输至所述上位机。The PPG signal acquisition system includes: a PPG probe, used to collect the original PPG signal; a PPG preprocessing module, used to preprocess the original PPG signal; and a PPG signal acquisition chip, used to collect the preprocessed PPG signal. ; PPG signal data interface, used to transmit the PPG signal collected by the PPG signal acquisition chip to the host computer.
所述PPG预处理模块包括：PPG信号放大器，用于对所述原始PPG信号进行放大；PPG信号滤波器，用于对放大后的原始PPG信号进行滤波。The PPG preprocessing module includes: a PPG signal amplifier, used to amplify the original PPG signal; and a PPG signal filter, used to filter the amplified original PPG signal.
所述上位机包括：BCG信号数据接口，用于接收所述BCG信号采集系统采集的BCG信号；PPG信号数据接口，用于接收所述PPG信号采集系统采集的PGG信号；数据同步模块，用于将所接收的PPG信号与BCG信号进行时间层面同步以及数据格式层面同步；BCG数据分析模块，用于分析经过同步处理的BCG信号，得到第一生理参数信息，具体为：在BCG信号的波形上检测BCG峰值J波的位置，并确定BCG信号的波形中相邻J波的间隔时间；PPG数据分析模块，用于分析经过同步处理的PPG信号，得到第二生理参数信息，具体为：在PPG信号的波形上检测峰值A波的位置，并确定PPG信号的波形中相邻峰谷值的间隔时间以及BCG信号的波形中峰值J波与相邻PPG信号的波形中峰值A波的间隔时间；非线性拟合模型模块，用于对所述第一生理参数信息和所述第二生理参数信息进行非线性拟合，具体为：根据所述BCG信号的波形中相邻J波的间隔时间和所述PPG信号的波形的相邻峰谷值的间隔时间以及根据所述BCG信号的波形的峰值J波与相邻PPG信号的波形中峰值A波的间隔时间计算生理参数。The host computer includes: a BCG signal data interface for receiving BCG signals collected by the BCG signal collection system; a PPG signal data interface for receiving PGG signals collected by the PPG signal collection system; a data synchronization module for The received PPG signal and the BCG signal are synchronized at the time level and the data format level; the BCG data analysis module is used to analyze the synchronized BCG signal to obtain the first physiological parameter information, specifically: on the waveform of the BCG signal Detect the position of the BCG peak J wave, and determine the interval time between adjacent J waves in the waveform of the BCG signal; the PPG data analysis module is used to analyze the synchronized PPG signal to obtain the second physiological parameter information, specifically: in the PPG Detect the position of the peak A wave on the waveform of the signal, and determine the interval between adjacent peaks and valleys in the waveform of the PPG signal and the interval between the peak J wave in the waveform of the BCG signal and the peak A wave in the adjacent PPG signal waveform; A nonlinear fitting model module, used to perform nonlinear fitting of the first physiological parameter information and the second physiological parameter information, specifically: according to the sum of the interval time of adjacent J waves in the waveform of the BCG signal The physiological parameters are calculated based on the interval between adjacent peaks and valleys of the waveform of the PPG signal and the interval between the peak J wave of the waveform of the BCG signal and the peak A wave of the adjacent PPG signal waveform.
所述生理参数为血压时，所述非线性拟合模型模块根据所述BCG信号的波形的峰值J波与相邻PPG信号的波形峰值A波的间隔时间进行计算，其非线性拟合形式为：BP_MEAN＝a*e-b*JATD+c，其中，BP_MEAN为计算得到的血压数据、a、b、c、e均为校准系数，JATD为所述BCG信号的波形的峰值J波与相邻PPG信号的波形中峰值A波的间隔时间。When the physiological parameter is blood pressure, the nonlinear fitting model module calculates based on the interval between the peak J wave of the waveform of the BCG signal and the peak A wave of the waveform of the adjacent PPG signal, and its nonlinear fitting form is: : BP_MEAN=a*e-b*JATD+c, where BP_MEAN is the calculated blood pressure data, a, b, c, and e are calibration coefficients, and JATD is the peak J wave of the BCG signal waveform and the adjacent PPG signal The interval between peak A waves in the waveform.
所述生理参数为心率时，所述非线性拟合模型模块根据所述BCG信号的波形中相邻J波的间隔时间和所述PPG信号的波形中相邻峰谷值的间隔时间进行计算，其非线性拟合形式为：HR＝HR0+(MIN(HR_BCG,HR_PPG)-HR0)*MAX(BCG_ER,PPG_ER)/ALL_ER+(MAX(HR_BCG,HR_PPG)-HR0)*MIN(BCG_ER,PPG_ER)/ALL_ER，其中，HR为计算得到的心率数据，HR0为上一次的心率测量结果，HR_BCG为根据所述BCG信号的波形中相邻J波的间隔时间推算的心率，HR_PPG为根据所述PPG信号的波形中相邻峰谷值的间隔时间推算的心率，BCG_ER为HR_BCG与HR0的差值的绝对值，PPG_ER为HR_PPG与HR0的差值的绝对值，ALL_ER为BCG_ER与PPG_ER的和。When the physiological parameter is heart rate, the nonlinear fitting model module calculates based on the interval time of adjacent J waves in the waveform of the BCG signal and the interval time of adjacent peak and valley values in the waveform of the PPG signal, Its nonlinear fitting form is: HR=HR0+(MIN(HR_BCG,HR_PPG)-HR0)*MAX(BCG_ER,PPG_ER)/ALL_ER+(MAX(HR_BCG,HR_PPG)-HR0)*MIN(BCG_ER,PPG_ER)/ALL_ER, Among them, HR is the calculated heart rate data, HR0 is the last heart rate measurement result, HR_BCG is the heart rate calculated based on the interval time of adjacent J waves in the waveform of the BCG signal, and HR_PPG is the heart rate calculated based on the waveform of the PPG signal. The heart rate calculated from the interval between adjacent peak and valley values, BCG_ER is the absolute value of the difference between HR_BCG and HR0, PPG_ER is the absolute value of the difference between HR_PPG and HR0, ALL_ER is the sum of BCG_ER and PPG_ER.
所述上位机还包括：数据显示模块，用于将所述非线性拟合模型模块输出的生理参数进行显示。The host computer also includes: a data display module for displaying the physiological parameters output by the nonlinear fitting model module.
有益效果beneficial effects
由于采用了上述的技术方案，本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下的优点和积极效果：本发明同时采集BCG信号与PPG信号，并将两者单一分析得到的生理参数信息进行非线性拟合得到最终的生理参数信息，避免了单一信号受干扰后得到的生理参数信息可靠度不高的问题。Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the existing technology: the present invention simultaneously collects BCG signals and PPG signals, and performs nonlinear simulation on the physiological parameter information obtained by a single analysis of the two. The final physiological parameter information is obtained by combining, which avoids the problem of low reliability of physiological parameter information obtained after a single signal is interfered.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明实施方式的整体系统方框图；Figure 1 is an overall system block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施方式中BCG信号采集系统的方框图；Figure 2 is a block diagram of the BCG signal acquisition system in the embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施方式中PPG信号采集系统的方框图；Figure 3 is a block diagram of the PPG signal acquisition system in the embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施方式中的上位机的方框图；Figure 4 is a block diagram of the host computer in the embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施方式中数据同步模块输出数据的图形化波形图；Figure 5 is a graphical waveform diagram of the output data of the data synchronization module in the embodiment of the present invention;
图6为受测者的心率监测实验结果对比图；Figure 6 is a comparison chart of the subjects’ heart rate monitoring experimental results;
图7为受测者的血压监测实验结果对比图。Figure 7 is a comparison chart of blood pressure monitoring experimental results of subjects.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.
本发明的实施方式涉及一种基于BCG信号与PPG信号融合的生理监测系统，如图1所示，包括：BCG信号采集系统11，用于采集人体的BCG信号；PPG信号采集系统12，用于采集人体的PPG信号；上位机10，用于接收所述BCG信号采集系统采集的BCG信号与所述PPG信号采集系统采集的PPG信号数据，并对两种信号数据进行分析，并对分析结果采用非线性拟合的方式进行融合得到最终的生理参数信息。The embodiment of the present invention relates to a physiological monitoring system based on the fusion of BCG signals and PPG signals. As shown in Figure 1, it includes: a BCG signal acquisition system 11 for collecting BCG signals of the human body; a PPG signal acquisition system 12 for Collect the PPG signal of the human body; the host computer 10 is used to receive the BCG signal collected by the BCG signal collection system and the PPG signal data collected by the PPG signal collection system, analyze the two signal data, and use the analysis results The final physiological parameter information is obtained through fusion using nonlinear fitting.
如图2所示，BCG信号采集系统11包括：压阻传感器111，用于采集原始BCG信号；BCG预处理模块，用于对所述原始BCG信号进行预处理；BCG信号采集芯片114，用于采集预处理后的BCG信号；BCG信号数据接口115，用于将所述BCG信号采集芯片采集到的BCG信号传输至所述上位机。其中，BCG预处理模块包括：BCG信号放大器112，用于对所述原始BCG信号进行放大；BCG信号滤波器113，用于对放大后的原始BCG信号进行滤波。As shown in Figure 2, the BCG signal acquisition system 11 includes: a piezoresistive sensor 111, used to collect the original BCG signal; a BCG preprocessing module, used to preprocess the original BCG signal; a BCG signal acquisition chip 114, used to Collect the preprocessed BCG signal; the BCG signal data interface 115 is used to transmit the BCG signal collected by the BCG signal acquisition chip to the host computer. Among them, the BCG preprocessing module includes: BCG signal amplifier 112, used to amplify the original BCG signal; BCG signal filter 113, used to filter the amplified original BCG signal.
本实施方式中的BCG信号采集系统11通过采用压阻传感器111测量心脏跳动周期中心脏泵血引起身体产生相应的运动信号来反应BCG信号，由于原始采集的BCG信号的信号量较小，因此原始采集的BCG信号需要传入BCG信号放大器112，BCG信号放大器112用于原始采集的BCG信号的放大。由于BCG信号受人体微动的影响较大，因此经过放大后的BCG信号会由于环境因素带有不可避免的噪声信号，需要传入BCG信号滤波器113，BCG信号滤波器113用于将其中所夹杂的噪声信号进行滤除。经过放大和滤波的BCG信号已满足采集要求，BCG信号采集芯片114用于采集已经过放大和滤波的BCG信号并且将其转化为信号数据。BCG信号数据接口115用于将BCG信号采集芯片114所转化的信号数据传入上位机10以供后续的数据分析和显示。The BCG signal acquisition system 11 in this embodiment responds to the BCG signal by using the piezoresistive sensor 111 to measure the corresponding motion signals generated by the body caused by the heart pumping blood during the heart beat cycle. Since the signal amount of the originally collected BCG signal is small, the original The collected BCG signal needs to be transmitted to the BCG signal amplifier 112, and the BCG signal amplifier 112 is used to amplify the original collected BCG signal. Since the BCG signal is greatly affected by the micro-movements of the human body, the amplified BCG signal will contain inevitable noise signals due to environmental factors, and needs to be transmitted to the BCG signal filter 113. The BCG signal filter 113 is used to convert all the noise signals therein. Contained noise signals are filtered out. The amplified and filtered BCG signal has met the acquisition requirements. The BCG signal acquisition chip 114 is used to collect the amplified and filtered BCG signal and convert it into signal data. The BCG signal data interface 115 is used to transmit the signal data converted by the BCG signal acquisition chip 114 to the host computer 10 for subsequent data analysis and display.
如图3所示，PPG信号采集系统12包括：PPG探头121，用于采集原始PPG信号；PPG预处理模块，用于对所述原始PPG信号进行预处理；PPG信号采集芯片124，用于采集预处理后的PPG信号；PPG信号数据接口125，用于将所述PPG信号采集芯片采集到的PPG信号传输至所述上位机。其中，所述PPG预处理模块包括：PPG信号放大器122，用于对所述原始PPG信号进行放大；PPG信号滤波器123，用于对放大后的原始PPG信号进行滤波。As shown in Figure 3, the PPG signal acquisition system 12 includes: a PPG probe 121, used to collect original PPG signals; a PPG preprocessing module, used to preprocess the original PPG signals; and a PPG signal acquisition chip 124, used to collect The preprocessed PPG signal; the PPG signal data interface 125 is used to transmit the PPG signal collected by the PPG signal acquisition chip to the host computer. The PPG preprocessing module includes: a PPG signal amplifier 122, used to amplify the original PPG signal; and a PPG signal filter 123, used to filter the amplified original PPG signal.
本实施方式中的PPG信号采集系统12通过采用PPG探头121记录由心脏舒缩活动引起皮肤下微血管组织中血容量的变化来反应PPG信号，由于原始采集的PPG信号的信号量较小，因此原始采集的PPG信号需要传入PPG信号放大器122，PPG信号放大器122用于原始采集的PPG信号的放大。由于PPG信号受外界环境光环境的影响较大，因此放大后的PPG信号会由于环境因素带有不可避免的噪声信号，需要传入PPG信号滤波器123，PPG信号滤波器123用于将其中所夹杂的噪声信号进行滤除。经过放大和滤波的PCG信号已满足采集要求，PCG信号采集芯片124用于采集已经过放大和滤波的PCG信号并且将其转化为信号数据。PCG信号数据接口125用于将PCG信号采集芯片124所转化的信号数据传入上位机10以供后续的数据分析和显示。The PPG signal acquisition system 12 in this embodiment reflects the PPG signal by using the PPG probe 121 to record the changes in blood volume in the microvascular tissue under the skin caused by cardiac diastolic activity. Since the signal amount of the original collected PPG signal is small, the original The collected PPG signal needs to be transmitted to the PPG signal amplifier 122, and the PPG signal amplifier 122 is used to amplify the original collected PPG signal. Since the PPG signal is greatly affected by the external ambient light environment, the amplified PPG signal will contain inevitable noise signals due to environmental factors, and needs to be transmitted to the PPG signal filter 123. The PPG signal filter 123 is used to convert all the noise signals therein. Contained noise signals are filtered out. The amplified and filtered PCG signal has met the acquisition requirements. The PCG signal acquisition chip 124 is used to collect the amplified and filtered PCG signal and convert it into signal data. The PCG signal data interface 125 is used to transmit the signal data converted by the PCG signal acquisition chip 124 to the host computer 10 for subsequent data analysis and display.
如图4所示，上位机10包括：BCG信号数据接口101，用于接收所述BCG信号采集系统11采集的BCG信号；PPG信号数据接口102，用于接收所述PPG信号采集系统12采集的PGG信号；数据同步模块103，用于将所接收的PPG信号与BCG信号进行时间层面同步以及数据格式层面同步；BCG数据分析模块104，用于分析经过同步处理的BCG信号，得到第一生理参数信息；PPG数据分析模块105，用于分析经过同步处理的PPG信号，得到第二生理参数信息；非线性拟合模型模块106，用于对所述第一生理参数信息和所述第二生理参数信息进行非线性拟合；数据显示模块107，用于将所述非线性拟合模型模块输出的生理参数进行显示。As shown in Figure 4, the host computer 10 includes: a BCG signal data interface 101, used to receive the BCG signal collected by the BCG signal acquisition system 11; a PPG signal data interface 102, used to receive the BCG signal collected by the PPG signal acquisition system 12. PGG signal; the data synchronization module 103 is used to synchronize the received PPG signal and the BCG signal at the time level and the data format level; the BCG data analysis module 104 is used to analyze the synchronized BCG signal to obtain the first physiological parameter information; the PPG data analysis module 105 is used to analyze the synchronized PPG signal to obtain the second physiological parameter information; the nonlinear fitting model module 106 is used to compare the first physiological parameter information and the second physiological parameter The information is subjected to nonlinear fitting; the data display module 107 is used to display the physiological parameters output by the nonlinear fitting model module.
具体地说，BCG信号数据接口101用于接收BCG信号采集系统11所采集的BCG信号数据，PPG信号数据接口102用于接收PPG信号采集系统12所采集的PPG信号数据。在信号数据采集与传送的过程中，可能会产生数据丢失或误码的现象，导致所接收的BCG信号数据与PPG信号数据在时间上无法同步，因此需要将两个信号数据传入数据同步模块103，数据同步模块103用于将所传入的两个信号数据进行时间上的同步与格式上的同步。时间同步的具体操作为校对两个信号数据的信号戳，对于存在信号戳有所偏差的数据帧，数据同步模块会识别数据帧的编号，进行适量的删减，将信号戳进行矫正，以达到数据时间上的同步。格式同步的具体操作为校对两个信号数据数据帧的发送帧格式，对于存在格式有所偏差的数据帧，数据同步模块会识别数据帧的编号，进行格式的对齐，以达到格式上的同步，同步后的BCG数据传入BCG数据分析模块104，BCG数据分析模块104用于针对单一BCG数据进行数据分析，并且输出对单一BCG数据进行数据分析后得到的与人体生理体征信息相关的第一生理参数。同步后的PPG数据传入PPG数据分析模块105，PPG数据分析模块105用于针对单一PPG数据进行数据分析，并且输出对单一PPG信号数据进行数据分析后得到的与人体生理体征信息相关的第二生理参数。由于单一BCG信号与PPG信号数据得到的人体生理参数不准确，因此得到的第一生理参数和第二生理参数需要传入非线性拟合模型模块106，非线性拟合模型模块106用于将单一BCG信号与PPG信号数据所得到的人体生理参数进行非线性拟合，得到相关度更高以及更加准确的与人体生理体征信息相关的生理参数。根据具体实验，非线性拟合模型最终得到的生理参数与实际生理参数相关度高于单一模型得到的生理参数与实际生理参数相关度，数据显示模块107用于将非线性拟合模型106输出的生理参数进行显示，显示的具体媒介可为是显示屏、打印纸等形式。Specifically, the BCG signal data interface 101 is used to receive the BCG signal data collected by the BCG signal acquisition system 11 , and the PPG signal data interface 102 is used to receive the PPG signal data collected by the PPG signal acquisition system 12 . During the process of signal data collection and transmission, data loss or bit errors may occur, causing the received BCG signal data and PPG signal data to be out of synchronization in time. Therefore, the two signal data need to be transmitted to the data synchronization module. 103. The data synchronization module 103 is used to synchronize the two incoming signal data in time and format. The specific operation of time synchronization is to calibrate the signal stamps of the two signal data. For data frames with deviations in the signal stamps, the data synchronization module will identify the number of the data frame, perform appropriate deletions, and correct the signal stamps to achieve Data time synchronization. The specific operation of format synchronization is to proofread the sending frame format of the two signal data data frames. For data frames with format deviations, the data synchronization module will identify the number of the data frame and align the format to achieve format synchronization. The synchronized BCG data is transmitted to the BCG data analysis module 104. The BCG data analysis module 104 is used to perform data analysis on a single BCG data, and output the first physiological information related to the human physiological sign information obtained after performing data analysis on the single BCG data. parameter. The synchronized PPG data is transmitted to the PPG data analysis module 105. The PPG data analysis module 105 is used to perform data analysis on a single PPG data, and output a second value related to human physiological sign information obtained by performing data analysis on a single PPG signal data. physiological parameters. Since the human physiological parameters obtained from a single BCG signal and PPG signal data are inaccurate, the obtained first physiological parameters and second physiological parameters need to be passed into the nonlinear fitting model module 106. The nonlinear fitting model module 106 is used to convert a single The human physiological parameters obtained from the BCG signal and the PPG signal data are nonlinearly fitted to obtain physiological parameters with higher correlation and more accuracy related to the human physiological sign information. According to specific experiments, the correlation between the physiological parameters finally obtained by the nonlinear fitting model and the actual physiological parameters is higher than the correlation between the physiological parameters obtained by a single model and the actual physiological parameters. The data display module 107 is used to output the nonlinear fitting model 106 Physiological parameters are displayed, and the specific display medium can be a display screen, printing paper, etc.
图5示出了根据本实施方式中数据同步模块输出数据的图形化波形表示，包括BCG信号的波形21与PPG信号的波形22。Figure 5 shows a graphical waveform representation of the output data of the data synchronization module according to this embodiment, including the waveform 21 of the BCG signal and the waveform 22 of the PPG signal.
其中，BCG信号的波形21的预定连续标记J波210与PPG信号的波形22的预定连续标记的A波220用于生理体征信息(平均血压及心率数值)的推断。Among them, the predetermined continuous label J wave 210 of the waveform 21 of the BCG signal and the predetermined continuous label A wave 220 of the waveform 22 of the PPG signal are used for inferring physiological sign information (average blood pressure and heart rate values).
BCG数据分析模块104用于在BCG信号的波形21上检测BCG峰值J波210的位置，同时分析得到JJTD231，JJTD231为BCG信号的波形21最后中相邻J波210的间隔时间。The BCG data analysis module 104 is used to detect the position of the BCG peak J wave 210 on the waveform 21 of the BCG signal, and simultaneously analyze to obtain JJTD231, which is the interval time between adjacent J waves 210 in the last waveform 21 of the BCG signal.
PPG数据分析模块105用于在PPG信号的波形22上检测峰值A波220的位置，同时分析得到AATD232和JATD233。AATD233为PPG信号的波形23中相邻峰谷值的间隔时间，JATD233为BCG信号的波形21中峰值J波与相邻PPG信号的波形22中峰值A波的间隔时间。The PPG data analysis module 105 is used to detect the position of the peak A wave 220 on the waveform 22 of the PPG signal, and simultaneously analyze and obtain AATD232 and JATD233. AATD233 is the interval between adjacent peaks and valleys in the waveform 23 of the PPG signal, and JATD233 is the interval between the peak J wave in the waveform 21 of the BCG signal and the peak A wave in the adjacent waveform 22 of the PPG signal.
非线性拟合模型模块106根据相邻BCG信号峰值J波210的间隔时间(JJTD)，相邻PPG信号信号峰值A波的间隔时间(AATD)进行心率的计算。心率数据的非线性拟合的形式为：The nonlinear fitting model module 106 calculates the heart rate based on the interval time (JJTD) between adjacent BCG signal peak J waves 210 and the interval time (AATD) between adjacent PPG signal peak A waves. The form of nonlinear fitting of heart rate data is:
HR_BCG＝60/JJTD (1)HR_BCG＝60/JJTD (1)
HR_PPG＝60/AATD (2)HR_PPG＝60/AATD (2)
BCG_ER＝|HR_BCG-HR0| (3)BCG_ER＝|HR_BCG-HR0| (3)
PPG_ER＝|HR_PPG-HR0| (4)PPG_ER＝|HR_PPG-HR0| (4)
ALL_ER＝BCG_ER+PPG_ER (5)ALL_ER＝BCG_ER+PPG_ER (5)
HR＝HR0+(MIN(HR_BCG,HR_PPG)-HR0)*MAX(BCG_ER,PPG_ER)/ALL_ER+(MAX(HR_BCG,HR_PPG)-HR0)*MIN(BCG_ER,PPG_ER)/ALL_ER (6)HR＝HR0+(MIN(HR_BCG,HR_PPG)-HR0)*MAX(BCG_ER,PPG_ER)/ALL_ER+(MAX(HR_BCG,HR_PPG)-HR0)*MIN(BCG_ER,PPG_ER)/ALL_ER (6)
其中，HR_BCG为根据JJTD数据推算的心率，HR_PPG为根据AATD数据推算的数据。HR为经过非线性拟合后的数据。HR0为上一次的心率测量结果(在第一次时，HR0等于HR_BCG与HR_PPG和的一半)。BCG_ER为HR_BCG与HR0的差值的绝对值。PPG_ER为HR_PPG与HR0的差值的绝对值。ALL_ER为BCG_ER与PPG_ER的和。Among them, HR_BCG is the heart rate calculated based on JJTD data, and HR_PPG is the data calculated based on AATD data. HR is the data after nonlinear fitting. HR0 is the last heart rate measurement result (at the first time, HR0 is equal to half of the sum of HR_BCG and HR_PPG). BCG_ER is the absolute value of the difference between HR_BCG and HR0. PPG_ER is the absolute value of the difference between HR_PPG and HR0. ALL_ER is the sum of BCG_ER and PPG_ER.
非线性拟合模型模块106根据BCG信号峰值J波210与相邻PPG信号信号峰值A波的间隔时间(JATD)进行血压的计算。血压数据的非线性拟合的形式为：The nonlinear fitting model module 106 calculates blood pressure based on the interval time (JATD) between the peak J wave 210 of the BCG signal and the peak A wave of the adjacent PPG signal. The form of nonlinear fitting of blood pressure data is:
BP_MEAN＝a*e-b*JATD+c (7)BP_MEAN＝a*e-b*JATD+c (7)
其中，a、b、c、e均为校准系数。Among them, a, b, c, e are all calibration coefficients.
图6示出了受测者的心率实验结果。根据本实施方式，PPG信号从受测者的手指获取，BCG信号通过压阻传感器从受测者的足底获取，且使用商业数字示波法血压仪得到心率作为参考值。BCG心率测试数据31为根据BCG波形中JJTD数据推算的心率。PPG心率测试数据32为根据PPG波形中AATD数据推算的心率。线性拟合心率及非线性拟合心率测试数据33为根据BCG心率与PPG心率进行的数据拟合比较结果。线性拟合心率采用的方式为平均值。从图6中可以看到，非线性拟合心率的误差相较于原始的BCG心率测试数据、PPG心率测试数据以及线性拟合心率，与实际心率差值最小，有更好的稳定性和精确度。Figure 6 shows the test results of the subject's heart rate. According to this embodiment, the PPG signal is acquired from the subject's finger, the BCG signal is acquired from the subject's sole through a piezoresistive sensor, and a commercial digital oscillometric blood pressure meter is used to obtain the heart rate as a reference value. The BCG heart rate test data 31 is the heart rate estimated based on the JJTD data in the BCG waveform. The PPG heart rate test data 32 is the heart rate estimated based on the AATD data in the PPG waveform. The linear fitting heart rate and nonlinear fitting heart rate test data 33 are the data fitting comparison results based on BCG heart rate and PPG heart rate. The method used to linearly fit the heart rate is the average value. As can be seen from Figure 6, compared with the original BCG heart rate test data, PPG heart rate test data and linear fitted heart rate, the error of non-linear fitted heart rate has the smallest difference with the actual heart rate, and is more stable and accurate. Spend.
图7示出了受测者的血压实验结果。根据本实施方式，PPG信号从受测者的手指获取，BCG信号通过压阻传感器从受测者的足底获取，且使用商业数字示波法血压仪得到血压作为参考值。41为非线性拟合的实验结果，公式为BP_MEAN＝473.4*e-0.01502*JATD+50.63，与实际平均血压信号的和方差为12.23。42为普通线性拟合结果，公式为BP_MEAN＝-0.6174*JATD+194.4，与实际平均血压信号的和方差为51.37。从中可见，非线性拟合方法具有更好的血压监测功能。Figure 7 shows the blood pressure experimental results of the subjects. According to this embodiment, the PPG signal is acquired from the subject's finger, the BCG signal is acquired from the subject's sole through a piezoresistive sensor, and the blood pressure is obtained as a reference value using a commercial digital oscillometric sphygmomanometer. 41 is the experimental result of nonlinear fitting, the formula is BP_MEAN=473.4*e-0.01502*JATD+50.63, and the sum variance with the actual average blood pressure signal is 12.23. 42 is the ordinary linear fitting result, the formula is BP_MEAN=-0.6174* JATD+194.4, the sum variance with the actual average blood pressure signal is 51.37. It can be seen that the nonlinear fitting method has better blood pressure monitoring function.
不难发现，本发明同时采集BCG信号与PPG信号，并将两者单一分析得到的生理参数信息进行非线性拟合得到最终的生理参数信息，避免了单一信号受干扰后得到的生理参数信息可靠度不高的问题。It is not difficult to find that the present invention collects BCG signals and PPG signals at the same time, and performs non-linear fitting of the physiological parameter information obtained by single analysis of the two to obtain the final physiological parameter information, which avoids the reliability of the physiological parameter information obtained after a single signal is interfered. A low-level problem.
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