技术领域Technical Field
本发明属于材料力学性能测试技术，特别涉及一种微量气体杂质对材料高压氢脆影响的测试系统及测试方法。The invention belongs to a material mechanical property testing technology, and in particular relates to a testing system and a testing method for the influence of trace gas impurities on high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement of materials.
背景技术Background technique
“碳达峰、碳中和”对能源消费结构变革提出重大需求，氢能作为来源多样、储运便捷、利用高效的清洁能源，是实现双碳目标的重要途径之一。安全经济输运是氢能发展的关键环节之一，将氢气掺入在役天然气管网进行氢能源输送，被认为是实现大规模氢气输送利用的有潜力手段之一。然而，掺氢天然气的理化性质较为特殊，且掺氢天然气对材料性能有劣化作用，有可能导致管道过早失效，引发重大安全事故，故管材与掺氢天然气相容性研究的不足，使其应用面临严峻挑战。"Carbon peak and carbon neutrality" have put forward major demands for changes in the energy consumption structure. Hydrogen energy, as a clean energy with diverse sources, convenient storage and transportation, and efficient utilization, is one of the important ways to achieve the dual carbon goals. Safe and economical transportation is one of the key links in the development of hydrogen energy. Blending hydrogen into the in-service natural gas pipeline network for hydrogen energy transportation is considered to be one of the potential means to achieve large-scale hydrogen transportation and utilization. However, the physical and chemical properties of hydrogen-blended natural gas are relatively special, and hydrogen-blended natural gas has a deteriorating effect on material properties, which may cause premature failure of the pipeline and cause major safety accidents. Therefore, the lack of research on the compatibility of pipes and hydrogen-blended natural gas makes its application face severe challenges.
上述问题近年来已引起了国内外的关注，形成的共识是：为了保障输氢管道服役安全，需模拟实际高压临氢环境或在真实掺氢天然气环境中，开展管道材料高压氢脆机制研究。因为试验难度和试验成本的限制，目前国内外大多在纯氢环境下和氮气+氢气模拟掺氢天然气环境下材料力学性能演化规律研究。然而，天然气成分复杂，除甲烷外，还含有多种微量气体杂质，如氧气、二氧化碳、一氧化碳、水等，虽然甲烷已被证实对材料氢脆影响不大，但所含微量气体杂质可能会对材料高压氢脆产生恶劣影响（例如已有研究发现水蒸气和硫化氢会加重材料氢脆程度）。因此有必要针对掺氢天然气中不同气体杂质对材料高压氢脆的影响开展试验研究。The above issues have attracted domestic and foreign attention in recent years, and the consensus is that in order to ensure the safety of hydrogen pipelines in service, it is necessary to simulate the actual high-pressure hydrogen environment or in the real hydrogen-blended natural gas environment to carry out research on the high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement mechanism of pipeline materials. Due to the limitations of experimental difficulty and experimental cost, most of the studies on the evolution of mechanical properties of materials at home and abroad are currently conducted in pure hydrogen environment and nitrogen + hydrogen simulated hydrogen-blended natural gas environment. However, natural gas has a complex composition. In addition to methane, it also contains a variety of trace gas impurities, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, water, etc. Although methane has been proven to have little effect on material hydrogen embrittlement, the trace gas impurities it contains may have a bad effect on the high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement of the material (for example, studies have found that water vapor and hydrogen sulfide will aggravate the degree of hydrogen embrittlement of the material). Therefore, it is necessary to conduct experimental research on the effects of different gas impurities in hydrogen-blended natural gas on the high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement of materials.
要进行掺氢天然气中不同气体杂质对材料高压氢脆影响的研究，应当在氢气和单一或多种气体杂质组成的试验环境中开展材料力学性能测试。根据我国国家标准GB/T37124-2018《进入天然气长输管道的气体质量要求》的规定，天然气中二氧化碳含量须不超过3 mol%，一氧化碳和氧气含量须不超过0.1 mol%，硫化氢含量须不超过6 mg/m3，总硫含量须不超过20 mg/m3，水露点（对应于水蒸气含量）应比输送条件下最低环境温度低5℃。可以看出，上述标准中规定的天然气气体杂质的含量都较低，有的甚至达到了ppm级别，这对相应的试验装置提出了更高的要求。To study the effects of different gas impurities in hydrogen-doped natural gas on high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement of materials, material mechanical properties tests should be carried out in a test environment composed of hydrogen and single or multiple gas impurities. According to the provisions of China's national standard GB/T37124-2018 "Quality Requirements for Gas Entering Long-distance Natural Gas Pipelines", the carbon dioxide content in natural gas must not exceed 3 mol%, the carbon monoxide and oxygen content must not exceed 0.1 mol%, the hydrogen sulfide content must not exceed 6 mg/m3 , the total sulfur content must not exceed 20 mg/m3 , and the water dew point (corresponding to the water vapor content) should be 5°C lower than the lowest ambient temperature under transportation conditions. It can be seen that the content of natural gas impurities specified in the above standards is relatively low, and some even reach the ppm level, which puts higher requirements on the corresponding test equipment.
针对一氧化碳、氧气、硫化氢等杂质，传统的试验装置采用的方法是针对试验环境箱进行分压充气，即根据目标试验气体中氢气与杂质气体的分压或比例分别计算各类气体所需充装压力。但由于瓶装杂质气体出厂压力常大于4 MPa，为使目标环境中杂质气体含量达到ppm级别，需多次充装稀释，压力控制误差经过多次叠加后，往往无法实现ppm级别微量杂质气体的准确控制。并且试验环境箱内的试验气体为静置气体，容易发生气体分层和气体泄漏，最终也将导致杂质气体含量不能精准控制。此外，针对水蒸气杂质目前缺乏相应的试验装置，因此业内目前水蒸气对材料氢脆影响的相关研究还是空白。For impurities such as carbon monoxide, oxygen, and hydrogen sulfide, the method used by traditional test equipment is to perform partial pressure inflation on the test environment box, that is, to calculate the required filling pressure of each type of gas according to the partial pressure or ratio of hydrogen and impurity gas in the target test gas. However, since the factory pressure of bottled impurity gas is often greater than 4 MPa, in order to make the impurity gas content in the target environment reach the ppm level, it is necessary to fill and dilute it multiple times. After multiple superpositions of pressure control errors, it is often impossible to achieve accurate control of trace impurity gases at the ppm level. Moreover, the test gas in the test environment box is a static gas, which is prone to gas stratification and gas leakage, and will eventually lead to the impurity gas content cannot be accurately controlled. In addition, there is currently a lack of corresponding test equipment for water vapor impurities, so the industry currently has a blank on the impact of water vapor on hydrogen embrittlement of materials.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是，克服现有技术的不足，提出一种微量气体杂质对材料高压氢脆影响的测试系统及方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a testing system and method for the influence of trace gas impurities on high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement of materials.
为解决技术问题，本发明的解决方案是：To solve the technical problem, the solution of the present invention is:
提供一种微量气体杂质对材料高压氢脆影响的测试系统，包括气体混合系统、试验系统、气路系统、露点控制系统和计算机；其中，所述气体混合系统包括氢气瓶、氢杂混合气瓶、氩气瓶和混合罐；所述气路系统包括压缩机、回收罐、放空管路和真空泵；所述试验系统包括试验机和试验环境箱；试验环境箱内部设置换热管，箱体的内表面具有致密光滑的树脂涂层；所述露点控制系统包括储水槽和滞留罐，两者外围设有温控加热设备；混合罐出口通过管路连接储水槽，储水槽的出口通过管路依次连接滞留罐和压缩机，在接入储水槽的管路上设有减压阀，该接入管路的端部伸至储水槽的液面以下，在储水槽的液面上方设置排出管路用于连接滞留罐；在滞留罐的上方设置露点仪；所述计算机通过信号线连接前述各系统，用于获取测量数据和发送控制信号；所述氢气瓶、氢杂混合气瓶、氩气瓶分别通过管路连接混合罐，混合罐出口还通过管路直连压缩机；压缩机的出口通过管路连接试验环境箱，试验环境箱通过管路连接回收罐；所述混合罐、压缩机、回收罐和试验环境箱通过管路分别连接放空管路和真空泵；在连接各设备的管路上分别设置阀门，混合罐及其以后的所有管路内部均具有致密光滑的树脂涂层。A test system for the effect of trace gas impurities on high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement of materials is provided, comprising a gas mixing system, a test system, a gas circuit system, a dew point control system and a computer; wherein the gas mixing system comprises a hydrogen cylinder, a hydrogen-impurity mixed gas cylinder, an argon cylinder and a mixing tank; the gas circuit system comprises a compressor, a recovery tank, a venting pipeline and a vacuum pump; the test system comprises a test machine and a test environment box; a heat exchange tube is arranged inside the test environment box, and the inner surface of the box body has a dense and smooth resin coating; the dew point control system comprises a water storage tank and a retention tank, and temperature control and heating equipment are arranged on the periphery of both; the outlet of the mixing tank is connected to the water storage tank through a pipeline, and the outlet of the water storage tank is connected to the retention tank and the compressor in sequence through a pipeline, and a pressure reducing valve is arranged on the pipeline connected to the water storage tank, The end of the access pipeline extends below the liquid level of the water storage tank, and a discharge pipeline is arranged above the liquid level of the water storage tank for connecting to a retention tank; a dew point meter is arranged above the retention tank; the computer is connected to the aforementioned systems through a signal line to obtain measurement data and send control signals; the hydrogen cylinder, hydrogen-impure mixed gas cylinder, and argon cylinder are respectively connected to a mixing tank through pipelines, and the outlet of the mixing tank is also directly connected to a compressor through a pipeline; the outlet of the compressor is connected to a test environment box through a pipeline, and the test environment box is connected to a recovery tank through a pipeline; the mixing tank, compressor, recovery tank and test environment box are respectively connected to a venting pipeline and a vacuum pump through pipelines; valves are respectively arranged on the pipelines connecting various devices, and the interior of the mixing tank and all subsequent pipelines has a dense and smooth resin coating.
作为优选方案，在接入混合罐的管路上均设有流量计和流量控制阀，在混合罐上设有氢气浓度检测仪和杂质气体浓度检测仪。As a preferred solution, flow meters and flow control valves are provided on the pipelines connected to the mixing tank, and a hydrogen concentration detector and an impurity gas concentration detector are provided on the mixing tank.
作为优选方案，所述试验环境箱内部换热管的可调温度范围为-35~120℃。As a preferred solution, the adjustable temperature range of the heat exchange tube inside the test environment box is -35~120°C.
作为优选方案，所述混合罐和试验环境箱中的充气压力范围在0～40 MPa；回收罐中的充气压力范围在0～60 MPa。As a preferred solution, the inflation pressure in the mixing tank and the test environment box ranges from 0 to 40 MPa; the inflation pressure in the recovery tank ranges from 0 to 60 MPa.
作为优选方案，所述储水槽和滞留罐的温控加热设备的可调温度范围为-30~40℃；储水罐和滞留罐中的充气压力范围在0～40 MPa。As a preferred solution, the adjustable temperature range of the temperature control heating equipment of the water storage tank and the retention tank is -30~40°C; the inflation pressure range in the water storage tank and the retention tank is 0~40 MPa.
本发明进一步提高了利用前述测试系统实现微量气体杂质对材料高压氢脆影响的测试方法，包括以下步骤：The present invention further improves the testing method for the influence of trace gas impurities on high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement of materials by using the aforementioned testing system, comprising the following steps:
（1）启动真空泵，抽出试验环境箱等各设备及连接管路内的气体，然后利用氩气进行吹扫和气体置换；重复抽真空和气体置换操作至少2次，保证测试系统中无杂质；(1) Start the vacuum pump to extract the gas in the test environment box and other equipment and connecting pipes, and then use argon gas to purge and replace the gas; repeat the vacuum pumping and gas replacement operation at least twice to ensure that there are no impurities in the test system;
（2）针对氧气、一氧化碳等气体杂质进行测试：根据氢气和杂质气体配比参数以及试验需要，分别计算氢气以及氢杂混合气体各自需要的压力值；打开氢气瓶阀门和流量控制阀，将流量计示数控制在试验要求范围内，使氢气输入至混合罐中直至压力达到计算压力值；按同样方式，将氢杂混合气瓶中的气体输入混合罐；通过氢气浓度检测仪和杂质气体浓度检测仪分析混合罐中混合气体的各组分含量并进行调整，直至氢气和杂质气体混合气体的配比符合试验要求；(2) Test for gas impurities such as oxygen and carbon monoxide: Calculate the required pressure values for hydrogen and hydrogen-impurity mixed gas respectively according to the ratio parameters of hydrogen and impurity gas and the test requirements; Open the hydrogen cylinder valve and flow control valve, control the flow meter reading within the test requirements, and input hydrogen into the mixing tank until the pressure reaches the calculated pressure value; In the same way, input the gas in the hydrogen-impurity mixed gas cylinder into the mixing tank; Analyze the content of each component of the mixed gas in the mixing tank by the hydrogen concentration detector and the impurity gas concentration detector and make adjustments until the ratio of hydrogen and impurity gas mixed gas meets the test requirements;
针对水蒸气杂质进行测试：利用温控加热设备控制储水槽和滞留罐的温度符合试验要求，然后从混合罐向储水槽中输入混合气体；通过减压阀控制混合气体的充放速率，使储水槽中维持试验温度下的饱和蒸气压，待混合气体与水蒸气混合均匀后再输送至滞留罐；通过滞留罐上的露点仪测量掺有水蒸气的混合气体的水露点，符合试验要求后再输送至压缩机，由压缩机增压后输送至试验环境箱内用于测试试验；Test for water vapor impurities: Use temperature control and heating equipment to control the temperature of the water storage tank and the retention tank to meet the test requirements, and then input the mixed gas from the mixing tank to the water storage tank; control the filling and discharging rate of the mixed gas through the pressure reducing valve to maintain the saturated vapor pressure at the test temperature in the water storage tank, and then transport the mixed gas to the retention tank after it is evenly mixed with water vapor; measure the water dew point of the mixed gas mixed with water vapor through the dew point meter on the retention tank, and then transport it to the compressor after it meets the test requirements, and then transport it to the test environment chamber for testing after being pressurized by the compressor;
（3）利用换热管维持试验环境箱温度符合试验要求，通过压缩机将增压后的混合气体持续地输入至试验环境箱内，保持箱内气体流动；多余的气体回收至回收罐，达到排放要求后通过放空管路释放；在流动气体条件下，利用试验机进行材料力学性能测试，评估水蒸气和杂质气体对材料高压氢脆的影响；(3) Use heat exchange tubes to maintain the temperature of the test environment box in accordance with the test requirements, and continuously input the pressurized mixed gas into the test environment box through the compressor to keep the gas flowing in the box; the excess gas is recovered to the recovery tank and released through the venting pipeline after meeting the emission requirements; under the condition of flowing gas, use the testing machine to test the mechanical properties of the material to evaluate the influence of water vapor and impurity gases on the high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement of the material;
（4）材料力学性能测试结束后，打开各设备与放空管路之间的阀门，通过放空阀排空设备；然后利用换热管维持试验环境箱温度为120℃并保持30分钟，使环境箱内表面吸附的杂质气体全部脱附；最后启动真空泵对各设备进行抽真空，直至真空度达到试验要求；至此，整个测试过程结束。(4) After the material mechanical properties test is completed, open the valve between each device and the vent pipeline, and evacuate the equipment through the vent valve; then use the heat exchange tube to maintain the temperature of the test environment box at 120°C and keep it for 30 minutes to desorb all the impurity gases adsorbed on the surface of the environment box; finally, start the vacuum pump to evacuate each device until the vacuum degree meets the test requirements; at this point, the entire test process is completed.
作为优选方案，在所述步骤（2）中，按照试验要求的微量杂质气体含量的10~10000倍，预先将氢气和杂质气体灌装至氢杂混合气瓶中；混合气体中各组分的压力值计算方法如下：假设试验需要的气体环境为气体总压为P MPa的氢气和n ppm X气体杂质，预先配制好的氢杂混合气体为气体总压为Q MPa的氢气和a ppm X气体杂质，则试验时预先配制好的氢杂混合气瓶应该输出的压力值为n/a×P MPa，氢气瓶应该输出的压力值为p-n/a×PMPa。As a preferred solution, in step (2), hydrogen and impurity gases are pre-filled into a hydrogen-doped mixed gas cylinder according to 10 to 10,000 times the content of the trace impurity gas required by the test; the pressure value of each component in the mixed gas is calculated as follows: Assuming that the gas environment required for the test is hydrogen with a total gas pressure of P MPa and n ppm X gas impurities, the pre-prepared hydrogen-doped mixed gas is hydrogen with a total gas pressure of Q MPa and a ppm X gas impurities, then during the test, the pressure value that the pre-prepared hydrogen-doped mixed gas cylinder should output is n/a×P MPa, and the pressure value that the hydrogen cylinder should output is p-n/a×PMPa.
相对于现有技术，本发明的有益效果在于：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、在传统的杂质气体试验方法中，需要在试验现场直接按分压、多次稀释方式向环境箱内进行氢气和杂质气体充装，且环境箱内为静置气体，容易造成气体分层、杂质气体含量误差较大，无法实现在极微量杂质气体与氢气混合的气体环境中进行材料试验研究。1. In the traditional impurity gas test method, it is necessary to directly fill the environmental chamber with hydrogen and impurity gases according to partial pressure and multiple dilution methods at the test site. In addition, the environmental chamber contains static gas, which can easily cause gas stratification and large errors in the impurity gas content. It is impossible to carry out material testing and research in a gas environment where extremely small amounts of impurity gases and hydrogen are mixed.
与现有技术不同的是，本发明综合多种技术手段，包括采用试验前进行氢气和拟研究的微量杂质气体按照试验要求配比、向试验环境箱流动输入混合气体、试验环境箱和管路内表面制有树脂涂层、试验环境箱内部配有换热管以加热烘烤使杂质气体脱附等方式，保证试验环境箱混合气体中的杂质含量精准控制在试验要求范围内，保证测试结果的精确度。基于本发明中的方法，可使最终试验混合气体中杂质含量最小可达1 ppm。Different from the prior art, the present invention integrates a variety of technical means, including mixing hydrogen and the trace impurity gas to be studied according to the test requirements before the test, inputting the mixed gas into the test environment box, making the test environment box and the inner surface of the pipeline with resin coating, and equipping the test environment box with heat exchange tubes to heat and bake to desorb the impurity gas, etc., to ensure that the impurity content in the mixed gas in the test environment box is accurately controlled within the test requirements and the accuracy of the test results is guaranteed. Based on the method in the present invention, the impurity content in the final test mixed gas can be as low as 1 ppm.
2、本发明中的露点控制系统可实现水蒸气杂质研究，填补业内相关装置及研究的空白。此外，本发明中的气体混合系统和露点控制系统相互独立，并且气体混合系统可同时混合多种杂质气体，可根试验需要单独研究某种杂质气体对材料高压氢脆的影响，也可以研究某种杂质气体和水对材料高压氢脆的耦合影响，还可以研究多种杂质气体和水对材料高压氢脆的耦合影响。2. The dew point control system in the present invention can realize the study of water vapor impurities, filling the gaps in related devices and research in the industry. In addition, the gas mixing system and the dew point control system in the present invention are independent of each other, and the gas mixing system can mix multiple impurity gases at the same time. It can study the influence of a certain impurity gas on the high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement of the material according to the experimental needs, and can also study the coupling influence of a certain impurity gas and water on the high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement of the material, and can also study the coupling influence of multiple impurity gases and water on the high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement of the material.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明的总体系统示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall system of the present invention.
图中：氢气瓶1、氢杂混合气瓶2、流量计3、氩气瓶4、流量控制阀5、氢气浓度检测仪6、杂质气体浓度检测仪7、混合罐8、压缩机9、第一放空阀10、放空管路11、真空泵12、试验机13、试验环境箱14、第二放空阀15、回收罐16、计算机17、露点仪18、滞留罐19、温控加热设备20、储水槽21、减压阀22、换热管23。In the figure: hydrogen cylinder 1, hydrogen-doped mixed gas cylinder 2, flow meter 3, argon cylinder 4, flow control valve 5, hydrogen concentration detector 6, impurity gas concentration detector 7, mixing tank 8, compressor 9, first vent valve 10, vent pipeline 11, vacuum pump 12, testing machine 13, test environment chamber 14, second vent valve 15, recovery tank 16, computer 17, dew point meter 18, retention tank 19, temperature control and heating equipment 20, water storage tank 21, pressure reducing valve 22, heat exchange tube 23.
图2为本发明与传统分压方法的杂质气体含量误差对比结果。FIG. 2 is a comparison result of the impurity gas content error between the present invention and the traditional partial pressure method.
图3为利用本发明进行含水蒸气的氢环境下材料疲劳寿命测试结果与传统无水环境结果对比。FIG3 is a comparison of the material fatigue life test results in a hydrogen environment containing water vapor using the present invention and the results in a traditional water-free environment.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明中所述微量气体杂质对材料高压氢脆影响的测试系统，包括气体混合系统、试验系统、气路系统、露点控制系统和计算机；其中，气体混合系统包括氢气瓶1、氢杂混合气瓶2（氢气和杂质气体混合气瓶的简称）、氩气瓶4和混合罐8；气路系统包括压缩机9、回收罐16、放空管路11和真空泵12；试验系统包括试验机13和试验环境箱14；试验环境箱14内部设置换热管23，箱体的内表面具有致密光滑的树脂涂层；所述露点控制系统包括储水槽21和滞留罐19，两者外围设有温控加热设备20；混合罐8出口通过管路连接储水槽21，储水槽21的出口通过管路依次连接滞留罐19和压缩机9，在接入储水槽21的管路上设有减压阀22，该接入管路的端部伸至储水槽21的液面以下，在储水槽21的液面上方设置排出管路用于连接滞留罐19；在滞留罐19的上方设置露点仪18；计算机17通过信号线连接前述各系统，用于获取测量数据和发送控制信号。氢气瓶1、氢杂混合气瓶2、氩气瓶4分别通过管路连接混合罐8，混合罐8出口还通过管路直连压缩机9。压缩机9的出口通过管路连接试验环境箱14，试验环境箱14通过管路连接回收罐16；混合罐8、压缩机9、回收罐16和试验环境箱14通过管路分别连接放空管路11和真空泵12。在连接各设备的管路上分别设置阀门，在接入混合罐8的管路上均设有流量计3和流量控制阀5，在混合罐8上设有氢气浓度检测仪6和杂质气体浓度检测仪7。混合罐8及其以后的所有管路内部均具有致密光滑的树脂涂层。The test system for the influence of trace gas impurities on high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement of materials in the present invention comprises a gas mixing system, a test system, a gas circuit system, a dew point control system and a computer; wherein the gas mixing system comprises a hydrogen cylinder 1, a hydrogen-impurity mixed gas cylinder 2 (short for a hydrogen and impurity gas mixed gas cylinder), an argon cylinder 4 and a mixing tank 8; the gas circuit system comprises a compressor 9, a recovery tank 16, a venting pipeline 11 and a vacuum pump 12; the test system comprises a test machine 13 and a test environment box 14; a heat exchange tube 23 is arranged inside the test environment box 14, and the inner surface of the box body has a dense and smooth resin coating; the dew point The control system includes a water tank 21 and a retention tank 19, both of which are provided with a temperature control heating device 20 on their peripheries; the outlet of the mixing tank 8 is connected to the water tank 21 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the water tank 21 is connected to the retention tank 19 and the compressor 9 in sequence through a pipeline, and a pressure reducing valve 22 is provided on the pipeline connected to the water tank 21, and the end of the access pipeline extends below the liquid level of the water tank 21, and a discharge pipeline is provided above the liquid level of the water tank 21 for connecting to the retention tank 19; a dew point meter 18 is provided above the retention tank 19; a computer 17 is connected to the aforementioned systems through a signal line to obtain measurement data and send control signals. The hydrogen cylinder 1, the hydrogen-impure mixed gas cylinder 2, and the argon cylinder 4 are respectively connected to the mixing tank 8 through pipelines, and the outlet of the mixing tank 8 is also directly connected to the compressor 9 through a pipeline. The outlet of the compressor 9 is connected to the test environment box 14 through a pipeline, and the test environment box 14 is connected to the recovery tank 16 through a pipeline; the mixing tank 8, the compressor 9, the recovery tank 16 and the test environment box 14 are respectively connected to the venting pipeline 11 and the vacuum pump 12 through pipelines. Valves are respectively set on the pipelines connecting various devices, and flow meters 3 and flow control valves 5 are set on the pipelines connected to the mixing tank 8. A hydrogen concentration detector 6 and an impurity gas concentration detector 7 are set on the mixing tank 8. The inside of the mixing tank 8 and all subsequent pipelines have a dense and smooth resin coating.
利用所述测试系统实现微量气体杂质对材料高压氢脆影响的测试方法，包括以下步骤：The testing method for the influence of trace gas impurities on high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement of materials using the testing system comprises the following steps:
（1）启动真空泵12，抽出试验环境箱14等各设备及连接管路内的气体，然后利用氩气进行吹扫和气体置换；重复抽真空和气体置换操作至少2次，保证测试系统中无杂质；(1) Start the vacuum pump 12 to extract the gas in the test environment box 14 and other equipment and connecting pipelines, and then use argon gas to purge and replace the gas; repeat the vacuum pumping and gas replacement operations at least twice to ensure that there are no impurities in the test system;
（2）针对氧气、一氧化碳等气体杂质进行测试：根据氢气和杂质气体配比参数以及试验需要，分别计算氢气以及氢杂混合气体各自需要的压力值；按照试验要求的微量杂质气体含量的10~10000倍，预先将氢气和杂质气体灌装至氢杂混合气瓶2中。混合气体中各组分的压力值计算方法如下：假设试验需要的气体环境为气体总压为P MPa的氢气和n ppm X气体杂质，预先配制好的氢气和杂质气体混合气体为气体总压为Q MPa的氢气和a ppm X气体杂质，则试验时预先配制好的氢杂混合气瓶2应该输出的压力值为n/a×P MPa，氢气瓶应该输出的压力值为p-n/a×P MPa。打开氢气瓶1的阀门和流量控制阀5，将流量计3的示数控制在试验要求范围内，使氢气输入至混合罐8中直至压力达到计算压力值；按同样方式，将氢杂混合气瓶中的气体输入混合罐8；通过氢气浓度检测仪6和杂质气体浓度检测仪7分析混合罐8中混合气体的各组分含量并进行调整，直至氢气和杂质气体混合气体的配比符合试验要求。(2) Test for gas impurities such as oxygen and carbon monoxide: Calculate the required pressure values of hydrogen and hydrogen-impurity mixed gas according to the ratio parameters of hydrogen and impurity gas and the test requirements; Pre-fill hydrogen and impurity gas into hydrogen-impurity mixed gas cylinder 2 at 10 to 10,000 times the content of trace impurity gas required by the test. The pressure value calculation method of each component in the mixed gas is as follows: Assuming that the gas environment required for the test is hydrogen with a total gas pressure of P MPa and n ppm X gas impurities, and the pre-prepared hydrogen and impurity gas mixed gas is hydrogen with a total gas pressure of Q MPa and a ppm X gas impurities, the pressure value that should be output by the pre-prepared hydrogen-impurity mixed gas cylinder 2 during the test is n/a×P MPa, and the pressure value that should be output by the hydrogen cylinder is p-n/a×P MPa. Open the valve of the hydrogen cylinder 1 and the flow control valve 5, control the reading of the flow meter 3 within the test requirements, and input the hydrogen into the mixing tank 8 until the pressure reaches the calculated pressure value; in the same way, input the gas in the hydrogen-impurity mixed gas cylinder into the mixing tank 8; analyze the content of each component of the mixed gas in the mixing tank 8 by the hydrogen concentration detector 6 and the impurity gas concentration detector 7 and adjust them until the ratio of the hydrogen and impurity gas mixed gas meets the test requirements.
在完成上述步骤后，继续进行下述操作以针对水蒸气杂质进行测试：After completing the above steps, proceed with the following steps to test for water vapor impurities:
利用温控加热设备20控制储水槽21和滞留罐19的温度符合试验要求，然后从混合罐8向储水槽21中输入混合气体；通过减压阀22控制混合气体的充放速率，使储水槽21中维持试验温度下的饱和蒸气压，待混合气体与水蒸气混合均匀后再输送至滞留罐19；通过滞留罐19上的露点仪测量掺有水蒸气的混合气体的水露点，符合试验要求后再输送至压缩机9，由压缩机9增压后输送至试验环境箱14内用于测试试验。The temperature of the water storage tank 21 and the retention tank 19 is controlled by the temperature control heating device 20 to meet the test requirements, and then the mixed gas is input from the mixing tank 8 to the water storage tank 21; the filling and discharging rate of the mixed gas is controlled by the pressure reducing valve 22 to maintain the saturated vapor pressure at the test temperature in the water storage tank 21, and the mixed gas is transported to the retention tank 19 after being evenly mixed with the water vapor; the water dew point of the mixed gas mixed with water vapor is measured by the dew point meter on the retention tank 19, and it is transported to the compressor 9 after meeting the test requirements, and then it is pressurized by the compressor 9 and transported to the test environment box 14 for testing.
（3）利用换热管23维持试验环境箱14的温度符合试验要求，通过压缩机9将增压后的混合气体持续地输入至试验环境箱14内，保持箱内气体流动；多余的气体回收至回收罐16，达到排放要求后通过放空管路11释放；在流动气体条件下，利用试验机13进行材料力学性能测试，评估水蒸气和杂质气体对材料高压氢脆的影响。(3) The temperature of the test environment box 14 is maintained in accordance with the test requirements by using the heat exchange tube 23, and the pressurized mixed gas is continuously input into the test environment box 14 through the compressor 9 to keep the gas flowing in the box; the excess gas is recovered to the recovery tank 16, and released through the venting pipeline 11 after meeting the emission requirements; under the condition of flowing gas, the mechanical properties of the material are tested by using the testing machine 13 to evaluate the influence of water vapor and impurity gases on the high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement of the material.
（4）材料力学性能测试结束后，打开各设备与放空管路11之间的阀门，通过放空阀排空设备；然后利用换热管维持试验环境箱14的温度为120℃并保持30分钟，使环境箱内表面吸附的杂质气体全部脱附；最后启动真空泵12对各设备进行抽真空，直至真空度达到试验要求；至此，整个测试过程结束。(4) After the material mechanical properties test is completed, open the valve between each device and the vent pipe 11, and evacuate the equipment through the vent valve; then use the heat exchange tube to maintain the temperature of the test environment box 14 at 120°C and keep it for 30 minutes to desorb all the impurity gases adsorbed on the surface of the environment box; finally, start the vacuum pump 12 to evacuate each device until the vacuum degree meets the test requirements; at this point, the entire test process is completed.
更为详细的实施例内容描述如下：A more detailed description of the embodiments is as follows:
如图1所示，本实施例中的测试系统包括提供试验用的氢气瓶1、提供试验用杂质气体的氢气和杂质气体混合气瓶2、用于吹扫的氩气瓶4，氢气瓶1、氢气和杂质气体混合气瓶2、氩气瓶4的排气口连接至混合罐8，上述管路上都设置流量计3和流量控制阀5。混合罐8的排出口分成两路：一路连接至压缩机9，而后是试验环境箱14，试验环境箱14的排气口连通至回收罐16，上述试验环境箱14内部设有换热管23，且内表面具有致密光滑的树脂涂层；一路连接至储水槽21，而后是滞留罐19，滞留罐19的出口与压缩机9相连，并入与压缩机9相连的管路，上述储水槽21和滞留罐19外围都配有温控加热设备20，混合罐8和储水槽21连接的管路上设置减压阀22。混合罐上设置氢气浓度检测仪6和杂质气体浓度检测仪7，滞留罐上设置露点仪18，利用氢气浓度检测仪6、杂质气体浓度检测仪7和露点仪18可以测量氢气、杂质气体和水蒸气混合气体中各组分含量，进而调整混合气体中各组分含量比值，实现氢气、杂质气体和水蒸气混合气体的精确配比。回收罐16的顶部通过管路接至第二放空阀15和放空管路11，可直接放空回收罐中的气体；放空管路11还连接第一放空阀10、真空泵12、混合罐8、滞留罐19和试验环境箱14，可以直接进行氩气吹扫混合罐8、滞留罐19和试验环境箱14，从而达到气体置换的目的；启动真空泵12，可对混合罐8、滞留罐19和试验环境箱14进行抽真空，多次抽真空和氩气吹扫可保证测试系统内部无其他可能影响测试结果准确度的杂质。配带有试验环境箱14的试验机13可在试验气体环境下对材料力学性能进行测试。所述混合罐8、储水槽21、滞留罐19、试验机13、压缩机9、回收罐16和真空泵12分别通过信号线接至计算机17。混合罐8及其以后的所有管路内部均具有致密光滑的树脂涂层。As shown in FIG1 , the test system in this embodiment includes a hydrogen cylinder 1 for providing a test, a hydrogen and impurity gas mixed cylinder 2 for providing an impurity gas for the test, and an argon cylinder 4 for purging. The exhaust ports of the hydrogen cylinder 1, the hydrogen and impurity gas mixed cylinder 2, and the argon cylinder 4 are connected to a mixing tank 8, and a flow meter 3 and a flow control valve 5 are arranged on the above pipelines. The discharge port of the mixing tank 8 is divided into two routes: one route is connected to the compressor 9, and then to the test environment box 14, and the exhaust port of the test environment box 14 is connected to the recovery tank 16, and the test environment box 14 is provided with a heat exchange pipe 23 inside, and the inner surface has a dense and smooth resin coating; one route is connected to the water storage tank 21, and then to the retention tank 19, and the outlet of the retention tank 19 is connected to the compressor 9 and merged into the pipeline connected to the compressor 9, and the water storage tank 21 and the retention tank 19 are both equipped with a temperature control heating device 20 on the periphery, and a pressure reducing valve 22 is arranged on the pipeline connecting the mixing tank 8 and the water storage tank 21. A hydrogen concentration detector 6 and an impurity gas concentration detector 7 are arranged on the mixing tank, and a dew point meter 18 is arranged on the retention tank. The hydrogen concentration detector 6, the impurity gas concentration detector 7 and the dew point meter 18 can be used to measure the content of each component in the mixed gas of hydrogen, impurity gas and water vapor, and then adjust the content ratio of each component in the mixed gas to achieve the accurate proportion of the mixed gas of hydrogen, impurity gas and water vapor. The top of the recovery tank 16 is connected to the second vent valve 15 and the vent pipeline 11 through a pipeline, and the gas in the recovery tank can be directly vented; the vent pipeline 11 is also connected to the first vent valve 10, the vacuum pump 12, the mixing tank 8, the retention tank 19 and the test environment box 14, and the argon gas can be directly purged into the mixing tank 8, the retention tank 19 and the test environment box 14, so as to achieve the purpose of gas replacement; the vacuum pump 12 is started to evacuate the mixing tank 8, the retention tank 19 and the test environment box 14, and multiple evacuations and argon purging can ensure that there are no other impurities in the test system that may affect the accuracy of the test results. The testing machine 13 equipped with a test environment box 14 can test the mechanical properties of the material under the test gas environment. The mixing tank 8, water storage tank 21, retention tank 19, testing machine 13, compressor 9, recovery tank 16 and vacuum pump 12 are respectively connected to the computer 17 through signal lines. The interior of the mixing tank 8 and all subsequent pipelines has a dense and smooth resin coating.
利用前述测试系统对掺氢天然气中气体杂质对材料高压氢脆影响进行测试的方法，包括以下步骤：The method for testing the influence of gas impurities in hydrogen-doped natural gas on high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement of materials using the aforementioned testing system comprises the following steps:
（1）启动真空泵12，将试验环境箱14、混合罐8、储水槽21、滞留罐19内的气体抽出完毕后，利用氩气瓶4中的氩气对试验环境箱14、混合罐8、储水槽21、滞留罐19及其连接管路进行吹扫和气体置换；上述抽真空和气体置换过程如此反复至少2次，保证测试系统中无其他多余气体；(1) Start the vacuum pump 12, and after the gas in the test environment box 14, the mixing tank 8, the water storage tank 21, and the retention tank 19 is completely evacuated, use the argon gas in the argon gas bottle 4 to purge and replace the gas in the test environment box 14, the mixing tank 8, the water storage tank 21, the retention tank 19 and their connecting pipelines; repeat the above vacuuming and gas replacement process at least twice to ensure that there is no other excess gas in the test system;
（2）根据氢气和杂质气体配比参数以及试验需要，分别计算氢气、氢杂混合气体各自需要的压力值，具体计算方法如下：假设试验需要的气体环境为气体总压为P MPa的氢气和n ppm X气体杂质，预先配制好的氢气和杂质气体混合气体为气体总压为Q MPa的氢气和a ppm X气体杂质，则试验时预先配制好的氢杂混合气瓶2应该输出的压力值为n/a×PMPa，氢气瓶1应该输出的压力值为p-n/a×P MPa。举例说明，试验需要的气体环境为总压5MPa、氢气和10 ppm二氧化碳的混合气体环境，则试验前可配比气体总压为5 MPa的氢气和100 ppm杂质气体罐装至氢杂混合气瓶2中，试验时，输入混合罐8中0.5 MPa氢杂混合气体和4.5 MPa氢气即可。打开氢气瓶1及与其连接的流量控制阀5，将流量计3示数控制在试验要求范围内，使氢气输入至混合罐8中，直至混合罐8内氢气压力达到试验要求；预先按试验需要配制好的氢杂混合气瓶2中的气体输入混合罐8的过程同氢气；通过混合罐8上设置的氢气浓度检测仪6和杂质气体浓度检测仪7分析测量氢气和杂质气体混合气体中各组分含量，进而调整混合气体中各组分含量比值，实现氢气和杂质气体混合气体的精确配比；(2) According to the ratio parameters of hydrogen and impurity gas and the test requirements, the pressure values required for hydrogen and hydrogen-impurity mixed gas are calculated respectively. The specific calculation method is as follows: Assuming that the gas environment required for the test is hydrogen with a total gas pressure of P MPa and n ppm X gas impurities, and the pre-prepared hydrogen and impurity gas mixed gas is hydrogen with a total gas pressure of Q MPa and a ppm X gas impurities, the pressure value that should be output by the pre-prepared hydrogen-impurity mixed gas cylinder 2 during the test is n/a×PMPa, and the pressure value that should be output by the hydrogen cylinder 1 is p-n/a×P MPa. For example, if the gas environment required for the test is a mixed gas environment with a total pressure of 5 MPa, hydrogen and 10 ppm carbon dioxide, then before the test, hydrogen with a total gas pressure of 5 MPa and 100 ppm impurity gas can be mixed and loaded into the hydrogen-impurity mixed gas cylinder 2. During the test, 0.5 MPa of hydrogen-impurity mixed gas and 4.5 MPa of hydrogen can be input into the mixing tank 8. Open the hydrogen cylinder 1 and the flow control valve 5 connected thereto, control the flow meter 3 reading within the test requirements, and input the hydrogen into the mixing tank 8 until the hydrogen pressure in the mixing tank 8 reaches the test requirements; the process of inputting the gas in the hydrogen-impure mixed gas cylinder 2 prepared in advance according to the test requirements into the mixing tank 8 is the same as that of hydrogen; the content of each component in the hydrogen and impurity gas mixed gas is analyzed and measured by the hydrogen concentration detector 6 and the impurity gas concentration detector 7 set on the mixing tank 8, and then the content ratio of each component in the mixed gas is adjusted to achieve the accurate ratio of the hydrogen and impurity gas mixed gas;
（3）利用温控加热设备20将储水槽21的温度控制至试验要求温度，滞留罐19同样操作，然后氢气和杂质气体混合气体输入至储水槽21中，使储水槽21中的气体维持在该温度下的饱和蒸气压，氢气和杂质气体混合气体与水蒸气混合均匀后输入值至滞留罐19中，通过滞留罐19上的露点仪18测量氢气、杂质气体和水蒸气混合气体的水露点，达到试验要求后进行下一步；储水槽21和混合罐8的连接管路中设置有减压阀22，用来控制氢气和杂质气体混合气体的的充放速率；(3) The temperature of the water storage tank 21 is controlled to the required test temperature by using the temperature control heating device 20, and the retention tank 19 is operated in the same way. Then, the hydrogen and impurity gas mixture is input into the water storage tank 21, so that the gas in the water storage tank 21 maintains the saturated vapor pressure at the temperature. The hydrogen and impurity gas mixture is evenly mixed with water vapor and then input into the retention tank 19. The water dew point of the hydrogen, impurity gas and water vapor mixture is measured by the dew point meter 18 on the retention tank 19. After the test requirements are met, the next step is carried out; a pressure reducing valve 22 is provided in the connecting pipeline between the water storage tank 21 and the mixing tank 8 to control the charging and discharging rate of the hydrogen and impurity gas mixture;
（4）利用换热管23，使试验环境箱14温度维持在试验要求下，然后将氢气、杂质气体和水蒸气混合气体输入至试验环境箱14内，通过压缩机9增压至试验要求后，保持（2）（3）步操作，使试验环境箱14内的气体保持流动，多余的气体回收至回收罐16，回收罐16内气体达到排放要求后，打开与其相连的第二放空阀15，将气体通过放空管路11释放；与此同时，利用试验机13进行材料力学性能测试，以评估水蒸气和杂质气体对材料高压氢脆的影响；(4) The temperature of the test environment box 14 is maintained at the test requirements by using the heat exchange tube 23, and then the mixed gas of hydrogen, impurity gas and water vapor is input into the test environment box 14. After the pressure is increased to the test requirements by the compressor 9, the operation of steps (2) and (3) is maintained to keep the gas in the test environment box 14 flowing, and the excess gas is recovered to the recovery tank 16. After the gas in the recovery tank 16 meets the discharge requirements, the second vent valve 15 connected thereto is opened to release the gas through the vent pipeline 11; at the same time, the mechanical properties of the material are tested by using the testing machine 13 to evaluate the influence of water vapor and impurity gas on the high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement of the material;
（5）材料力学性能测试结束后，打开试验环境箱14、混合罐8、储水槽21、滞留罐19与放空管路11连接管路上的阀门及第一放空阀10，放空试验环境箱14、混合罐8、储水槽21、滞留罐19里面的气体；然后将换热管23目标温度设置为120℃，保持30分钟，来烘烤试验环境箱14使其内表面吸附的杂质气体全部脱附，最后启动真空泵12，打开试验环境箱14、混合罐8、储水槽21、滞留罐19与真空泵12连接管路上的阀门，对试验环境箱14、混合罐8、储水槽21、滞留罐19进行抽真空，其真空度达到试验要求即可停止，至此，整个测试过程结束。(5) After the material mechanical properties test is completed, open the valves on the connecting pipelines of the test environment box 14, the mixing tank 8, the water storage tank 21, the retention tank 19 and the first vent valve 10 to vent the gas in the test environment box 14, the mixing tank 8, the water storage tank 21 and the retention tank 19; then set the target temperature of the heat exchange tube 23 to 120°C and maintain it for 30 minutes to bake the test environment box 14 to desorb all the impurity gases adsorbed on its inner surface; finally, start the vacuum pump 12, open the valves on the connecting pipelines of the test environment box 14, the mixing tank 8, the water storage tank 21, the retention tank 19 and the vacuum pump 12, and evacuate the test environment box 14, the mixing tank 8, the water storage tank 21 and the retention tank 19. When the vacuum degree reaches the test requirements, the test can be stopped. At this point, the entire test process is completed.
如上所述，采用多种方式保证试验环境箱混合气体中的杂质含量精准控制在试验要求范围内，保证测试结果的精确度，包括：①通过流量计和流量控制阀达到小流量进气；②利用氢气浓度检测仪和杂质气体浓度检测仪分析氢气和杂质混合气体中各组分含量的测量，进而调整混合气体中各组分的含量；③向试验环境箱流动输入高精度配比的氢气、杂质气体和水蒸气混合气体，多余气体输入回收罐；④混合罐及其以后的所有管路内部均具有致密光滑的树脂涂层，使气体不易附着在管路内表面；⑤试验环境箱内部表面具有致密光滑的树脂涂层，使气体不易附着在试验环境箱内表面，并且试验环境箱内部配有换热管可加热脱附内表面吸附的杂质气体，实现双重保障；⑥试验前根据试验需要进行氢气和少量杂质气体配比，试验时再与高压力氢气混合，可进一步稀释杂质气体，可构建极微量杂质气体与氢气混合的气体环境。相比于传统的试验现场直接按分压、多次稀释方式向环境箱内进行氢气和杂质气体充装，且环境箱内为静置气体的试验方式，本发明中的杂质气体含量精确度大大提高，具体对比见附图2。As mentioned above, a variety of methods are used to ensure that the impurity content in the mixed gas in the test environment box is accurately controlled within the test requirements and the accuracy of the test results is ensured, including: ① A small flow rate is achieved through a flow meter and a flow control valve; ② The content of each component in the hydrogen and impurity mixed gas is analyzed by a hydrogen concentration detector and an impurity gas concentration detector, and then the content of each component in the mixed gas is adjusted; ③ A high-precision ratio of hydrogen, impurity gas and water vapor mixed gas is input into the test environment box, and the excess gas is input into the recovery tank; ④ The interior of the mixing tank and all subsequent pipelines have a dense and smooth resin coating, so that the gas is not easy to adhere to the inner surface of the pipeline; ⑤ The inner surface of the test environment box has a dense and smooth resin coating, so that the gas is not easy to adhere to the inner surface of the test environment box, and the test environment box is equipped with a heat exchange tube to heat and desorb the impurity gas adsorbed on the inner surface, so as to achieve double protection; ⑥ Before the test, hydrogen and a small amount of impurity gas are proportioned according to the test needs, and then mixed with high-pressure hydrogen during the test, which can further dilute the impurity gas and construct a gas environment in which extremely trace impurity gas and hydrogen are mixed. Compared with the traditional test method in which hydrogen and impurity gases are directly filled into the environmental chamber according to partial pressure and multiple dilutions at the test site, and the gas is left at rest in the environmental chamber, the accuracy of the impurity gas content in the present invention is greatly improved. See Figure 2 for a specific comparison.
天然气的主要成分是烷烃，其中甲烷占绝大多数，另有少量的乙烷、丙烷和丁烷，此外还含有氧气、硫化氢、二氧化碳、氮和水汽和少量一氧化碳及微量的稀有气体，如氦和氩等。比重约0．65，比空气轻，具有无色、无味、无毒之特性。因甲烷等烷烃已被证实对材料性能无影响，所以本申请专注于天然气中的杂质（氧气、二氧化碳、一氧化碳、水等）对材料性能影响，测试过程中微量杂质浓度的精准控制也是针对氧气、二氧化碳等气体。The main components of natural gas are alkanes, of which methane accounts for the vast majority, with a small amount of ethane, propane and butane. In addition, it also contains oxygen, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and water vapor, a small amount of carbon monoxide and trace amounts of rare gases such as helium and argon. The specific gravity is about 0.65, which is lighter than air. It is colorless, odorless and non-toxic. Since alkanes such as methane have been proven to have no effect on material properties, this application focuses on the impact of impurities (oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, water, etc.) in natural gas on material properties. The precise control of trace impurity concentrations during the test is also for gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide.
在实际操作中，试验前进行氢气和拟研究的微量杂质气体按照试验要求配比，配比的杂质气体含量可选范围为100%~100 ppm，试验时，与高压力氢气混合后，最终试验使用的混合气体中杂质含量最小可达1 ppm，可实现在极微量杂质气体与氢气混合的气体环境中进行材料试验研究；管道运行压力一般低于20 MPa，温度范围一般为-20~35℃，为保证覆盖管道服役工况及试验安全，混合罐、储水罐、滞留罐和试验环境箱中的充气压力范围在0～40 MPa，回收罐中的充气压力范围在0～60 MPa，储水槽和滞留罐的温控加热设备可调节的温度范围为-30~40℃，试验环境箱内的换热管可调节的温度范围为-35~120℃。In actual operation, hydrogen and the trace impurity gas to be studied are mixed according to the test requirements before the test. The optional range of the impurity gas content is 100%~100 ppm. During the test, after mixing with high-pressure hydrogen, the impurity content in the final mixed gas used in the test can be as low as 1 ppm, which can realize material testing and research in a gas environment where extremely trace impurity gases and hydrogen are mixed; the pipeline operating pressure is generally lower than 20 MPa, and the temperature range is generally -20~35℃. In order to ensure that the service conditions of the pipeline and the safety of the test are covered, the inflation pressure range in the mixing tank, water storage tank, retention tank and test environment box is 0~40 MPa, and the inflation pressure range in the recovery tank is 0~60 MPa. The temperature control heating equipment of the water storage tank and the retention tank can adjust the temperature range to -30~40℃, and the heat exchange tube in the test environment box can adjust the temperature range to -35~120℃.
本发明中的露点控制系统可实现水蒸气杂质研究。利用本发明研究发现水蒸气对材料氢脆影响较大，具体结果见附图3。此外，进行试验过程中，气体混合系统和露点控制系统相互独立，且气体混合系统可同时混合多种杂质气体，可根据试验需要单独研究某种杂质气体对材料高压氢脆的影响，也可以研究某种杂质气体和水对材料高压氢脆的耦合影响，还可以研究多种杂质气体和水对材料高压氢脆的耦合影响。The dew point control system in the present invention can realize the study of water vapor impurities. The present invention was used to study and found that water vapor has a great influence on the hydrogen embrittlement of materials. The specific results are shown in Figure 3. In addition, during the test, the gas mixing system and the dew point control system are independent of each other, and the gas mixing system can mix multiple impurity gases at the same time. According to the test needs, the influence of a certain impurity gas on the high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement of the material can be studied separately, and the coupling influence of a certain impurity gas and water on the high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement of the material can also be studied. The coupling influence of multiple impurity gases and water on the high-pressure hydrogen embrittlement of the material can also be studied.
以上所述，仅是本发明的实施案例而已，并非对本发明做任何形式上的限制，虽然本发明已以较佳实施案例揭示如上，然而并非用以限定本发明，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内，当可利用上述揭示的结构及技术内容做出某些更动或修改而成为等同变化的等效实施案例。The above is only an implementation case of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred implementation case as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with this profession can make certain changes or modifications to the structure and technical content disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention to become an equivalent implementation case with equivalent changes.
凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施案例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案范围内。Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above implementation cases based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
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