技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及冷冻干燥技术领域，特别涉及一种超声辅助冷冻干燥设备。The invention relates to the technical field of freeze drying, and in particular to an ultrasonic-assisted freeze drying device.
背景技术Background technique
冷冻干燥技术是将新鲜的食品、药品原材料冷冻后，再降低表面压强，使得其中水分直接升华为气体的工艺，由于该过程中水分未经过融化过程便直接气化，不会造成组织的塌陷，且能保持组织在冻干前的形态，因此经冷冻干燥的物料具有很好的品相。此外，由于干燥温度较低，材料中的活性成分得以保留，能最大限度地提高产品的品质。Freeze drying technology is a process that freezes fresh food and drug raw materials, then reduces the surface pressure so that the water in them sublimates directly into gas. Since the water in this process is directly vaporized without melting, it will not cause tissue collapse and can maintain the shape of the tissue before freeze drying. Therefore, the freeze-dried material has a very good appearance. In addition, due to the low drying temperature, the active ingredients in the material can be retained, which can maximize the quality of the product.
然而冷冻干燥技术也有缺点，例如冻干过程耗时，生产成本较高。现有技术中，有在冷冻过程中施加超声波以节省冻干时间的技术方案，例如文献1(CN201410201099.1)公开的一种冷冻干燥方法及配套设备中曾提到用超声波辅助冷冻干燥胡萝卜。但是，其提供的配套设备在超声介入时需要额外的人力投入，导致使用不便；另外热电偶检测温度时只能够检测到与其相接触的位置的材料温度，并且热点偶的使用还会引起温度场分布不均匀，导致对于切片表面温度监控不够精确，从而影响冷冻干燥效果。However, freeze-drying technology also has disadvantages, such as the time-consuming freeze-drying process and high production costs. In the prior art, there is a technical solution that applies ultrasound during the freezing process to save freeze-drying time. For example, a freeze-drying method and supporting equipment disclosed in Document 1 (CN201410201099.1) mentioned the use of ultrasound to assist freeze-drying carrots. However, the supporting equipment provided by it requires additional manpower input during ultrasonic intervention, which makes it inconvenient to use; in addition, when the thermocouple detects the temperature, it can only detect the material temperature at the position in contact with it, and the use of the thermocouple will also cause uneven temperature field distribution, resulting in inaccurate monitoring of the surface temperature of the slice, thereby affecting the freeze-drying effect.
发明内容Summary of the invention
针对现有技术存在的具有超声辅助的冷冻干燥设备不便于超声介入以及温度监控不够精确的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种超声辅助冷冻干燥设备。In view of the problems in the prior art that ultrasound-assisted freeze-drying equipment is not convenient for ultrasound intervention and temperature monitoring is not accurate enough, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultrasound-assisted freeze-drying equipment.
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案为：To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:
一种超声辅助冷冻干燥设备，包括：An ultrasonic-assisted freeze-drying device, comprising:
真空罐，所述真空罐内固定安装有用于承载物料的温控板；A vacuum tank, wherein a temperature control plate for carrying materials is fixedly installed in the vacuum tank;
真空泵，所述真空泵通过管道与所述真空罐相连接，且所述管道上还安装有真空阀和压力检测装置；A vacuum pump, the vacuum pump is connected to the vacuum tank through a pipeline, and a vacuum valve and a pressure detection device are also installed on the pipeline;
超声波振子，所述超声波振子有多个且固定安装在所述真空罐内，多个所述超时波振子围绕所述温控板的中心周向均匀布置；Ultrasonic vibrators, the ultrasonic vibrators are multiple and fixedly installed in the vacuum tank, and the multiple ultrasonic vibrators are evenly arranged around the center of the temperature control plate;
超声波发生器，所述超声波发生器通过导线与各所述超声波振子电性连接；An ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic generator being electrically connected to each of the ultrasonic vibrators via a wire;
半导体制冷模块，所述半导体制冷模块固定安装在所述真空罐的底部，且所述半导体制冷模块与所述温控板相连接；A semiconductor refrigeration module, which is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the vacuum tank and connected to the temperature control board;
以及红外测温仪，所述红外测温仪固定安装在所述真空罐内，所述红外测温仪用于检测所述温控板及其所承载的物料的温度。And an infrared thermometer, which is fixedly installed in the vacuum tank and is used to detect the temperature of the temperature control plate and the material carried by it.
优选的，所述真空罐的底部开设有与所述温控板相适配的开口，所述温控板固定安装在所述开口中。Preferably, an opening adapted to the temperature control plate is formed at the bottom of the vacuum tank, and the temperature control plate is fixedly installed in the opening.
优选的，所述温控板为导热材料制作的刚性板状构造，所述半导体制冷模块固定安装在所述温控板的底面一侧，且所述温控板的底面一侧敷设有保温层。Preferably, the temperature control plate is a rigid plate structure made of heat-conducting material, the semiconductor refrigeration module is fixedly mounted on one side of the bottom surface of the temperature control plate, and a heat-insulating layer is applied on one side of the bottom surface of the temperature control plate.
优选的，所述温控板为不锈钢板。Preferably, the temperature control plate is a stainless steel plate.
优选的，所述超声波振子固定安装在所述温控板的顶面一侧。Preferably, the ultrasonic vibrator is fixedly mounted on one side of the top surface of the temperature control plate.
优选的，所述真空罐包括罐体以及可拆卸固定连接在所述罐体的顶部的盖，且所述罐体以及所述盖的外侧壁均敷设有保温层。Preferably, the vacuum tank comprises a tank body and a cover detachably fixedly connected to the top of the tank body, and outer side walls of the tank body and the cover are both provided with a heat-insulating layer.
优选的，所述红外测温仪位于所述温控板的中心的正上方。Preferably, the infrared thermometer is located directly above the center of the temperature control plate.
优选的，所述红外测温仪通过支撑导管与所述真空罐固定连接，且所述支撑导管中穿设有与所述红外测温仪相连接的线缆。Preferably, the infrared thermometer is fixedly connected to the vacuum tank via a supporting conduit, and a cable connected to the infrared thermometer is passed through the supporting conduit.
采用上述技术方案，本发明的有益效果在于：By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、通过连接有真空泵的真空罐、将温控板固定安装在真空罐中、以及将超声波振子固定安装在温控板上的设置，使得在使用时只需要接通超声波发生器即可通过超声波振子向温控板上承载的物料施加超声波，从而大大简化了操作步骤，提高了效率；1. By connecting a vacuum tank with a vacuum pump, fixing the temperature control board in the vacuum tank, and fixing the ultrasonic vibrator on the temperature control board, it is only necessary to connect the ultrasonic generator to apply ultrasonic waves to the material carried on the temperature control board through the ultrasonic vibrator during use, thereby greatly simplifying the operation steps and improving efficiency;
2、通过红外测温仪的设置，使得对温控板及其所承载的物料的温度测量为被动的、非接触式的，不但避免了温度测量过程中对温度场的不利影响，还使得温度监控范围更广、更精准。2. Through the setting of infrared thermometer, the temperature measurement of the temperature control board and the materials it carries is passive and non-contact, which not only avoids the adverse effect on the temperature field during the temperature measurement process, but also makes the temperature monitoring range wider and more accurate.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
图2为本发明的主视图；Fig. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
图3为本发明的俯视图；FIG3 is a top view of the present invention;
图4为沿图3中A-A线的剖视图。FIG4 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in FIG3 .
图中:1-真空罐、2-盖、3-温控板、4-真空泵、5-真空阀、6-压力检测装置、7-超声波振子、8-半导体制冷模块、9-红外测温仪、10-保温层、11-管道、12-支撑导管。In the figure: 1-vacuum tank, 2-cover, 3-temperature control board, 4-vacuum pump, 5-vacuum valve, 6-pressure detection device, 7-ultrasonic vibrator, 8-semiconductor refrigeration module, 9-infrared thermometer, 10-insulation layer, 11-pipeline, 12-support duct.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明。在此需要说明的是，对于这些实施方式的说明用于帮助理解本发明，但并不构成对本发明的限定。此外，下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示对本发明结构的说明，仅是为了便于描述本发明的简便，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. are descriptions of the structure of the present invention based on the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
对于本技术方案中的“第一”和“第二”，仅为对相同或相似结构，或者起相似功能的对应结构的称谓区分，不是对这些结构重要性的排列，也没有排序、或比较大小、或其他含义。The "first" and "second" in this technical solution are only used to distinguish the names of the same or similar structures, or corresponding structures with similar functions, and are not an arrangement of the importance of these structures, nor do they have a ranking, comparison of size, or other meanings.
另外，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，连接可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个结构内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据本发明的总体思路，联系本方案上下文具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two structures. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood based on the overall idea of the present invention and in conjunction with the specific context of the present solution.
实施例一Embodiment 1
一种超声辅助冷冻干燥设备，如图1-4所示，包括真空罐1、盖2、温控板3、真空泵4、真空阀5、压力检测装置6、超声波振子7、半导体制冷模块8、红外测温仪9和保温层10。An ultrasonic-assisted freeze-drying device, as shown in Figures 1-4, includes a vacuum tank 1, a cover 2, a temperature control plate 3, a vacuum pump 4, a vacuum valve 5, a pressure detection device 6, an ultrasonic vibrator 7, a semiconductor refrigeration module 8, an infrared thermometer 9 and an insulation layer 10.
其中，真空罐1整体呈圆柱形构造，该真空罐1具体包括罐体以及可拆卸固定连接在罐体的顶部的盖2，即罐体的顶部敞开，通过盖2对罐体进行封闭。相应的，在罐体以及盖2的外侧壁上均敷设有由保温材料制造的保温层。其中，真空罐1的内部固定安装有用于承载物料的温控板3。本实施例中，具体是在罐体的底部开设有与温控板3相适配的开口，并将温控板3固定安装在该开口中。并配置温控板3为导热材料制作的刚性板状构造，例如不锈钢板，并优选配置为圆形。Among them, the vacuum tank 1 is an overall cylindrical structure, and the vacuum tank 1 specifically includes a tank body and a cover 2 that is detachably fixedly connected to the top of the tank body, that is, the top of the tank body is open, and the tank body is closed by the cover 2. Correspondingly, a thermal insulation layer made of thermal insulation material is laid on the outer wall of the tank body and the cover 2. Among them, a temperature control plate 3 for carrying materials is fixedly installed inside the vacuum tank 1. In this embodiment, specifically, an opening adapted to the temperature control plate 3 is opened at the bottom of the tank body, and the temperature control plate 3 is fixedly installed in the opening. The temperature control plate 3 is configured as a rigid plate-like structure made of a heat-conducting material, such as a stainless steel plate, and is preferably configured in a circular shape.
真空泵4布置在真空罐1的外部，其吸入端通过管道11与真空罐1的罐体侧壁相连接，并且在该管道11上还安装有真空阀5和压力检测装置6，其中，压力检测装置6优选配置为压力表，或者在其他实施例中还可以配置为数显压力表。通过真空泵4对真空罐1进行抽真空操作，从而维持真空罐1内部的真空度，而通过真空阀5能够方便灵活地进行抽真空控制，通过压力检测装置6则能够准确观察真空罐1内部的真空度。The vacuum pump 4 is arranged outside the vacuum tank 1, and its suction end is connected to the tank body side wall of the vacuum tank 1 through the pipeline 11, and a vacuum valve 5 and a pressure detection device 6 are also installed on the pipeline 11, wherein the pressure detection device 6 is preferably configured as a pressure gauge, or in other embodiments, it can also be configured as a digital pressure gauge. The vacuum tank 1 is evacuated by the vacuum pump 4 to maintain the vacuum degree inside the vacuum tank 1, and the vacuum valve 5 can be used to conveniently and flexibly control the vacuuming, and the pressure detection device 6 can accurately observe the vacuum degree inside the vacuum tank 1.
超声波振子7配置有多个，例如四个，并且全部的超声波振子7均固定安装在真空罐1的内部。另外，多个超时波振子围绕温控板3的中心周向均匀布置。本实施例中，各超声波振子7分别固定安装在温控板3的四周边缘处，从而更好地对温控板3上所承载的物料施加超声波。There are multiple ultrasonic vibrators 7, for example, four, and all of the ultrasonic vibrators 7 are fixedly installed inside the vacuum tank 1. In addition, the multiple ultrasonic vibrators are evenly arranged around the center of the temperature control plate 3. In this embodiment, each ultrasonic vibrator 7 is fixedly installed at the edges of the four sides of the temperature control plate 3, so as to better apply ultrasonic waves to the material carried on the temperature control plate 3.
超声波发生器(图中未示出)则布置在真空罐1的外部，超声波发生器通过导线与各超声波振子7电性连接，以便于控制超声波振子7发出适用频率的超声波。The ultrasonic generator (not shown in the figure) is arranged outside the vacuum tank 1, and the ultrasonic generator is electrically connected to each ultrasonic vibrator 7 through a wire to control the ultrasonic vibrator 7 to emit ultrasonic waves of a suitable frequency.
半导体制冷模块8则固定安装在真空罐1的底部，并且半导体制冷模块8与温控板3相连接，从而向温控板3释放冷量和热量，以达到控制温控板3的温度的目的。本实施例中，半导体制冷模块8固定安装在温控板3的底面一侧，并且温控板3的底面一侧还额外敷设有保温层10，例如聚氨酯泡沫材料制造的保温层10。半导体制冷模块8通过接收电流而工作，并根据电流方向的变化而切换制冷模式和制热模式。The semiconductor refrigeration module 8 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the vacuum tank 1, and the semiconductor refrigeration module 8 is connected to the temperature control board 3, so as to release cold and heat to the temperature control board 3 to achieve the purpose of controlling the temperature of the temperature control board 3. In this embodiment, the semiconductor refrigeration module 8 is fixedly mounted on one side of the bottom surface of the temperature control board 3, and an insulation layer 10 is additionally applied on one side of the bottom surface of the temperature control board 3, such as an insulation layer 10 made of polyurethane foam material. The semiconductor refrigeration module 8 works by receiving current and switches the cooling mode and the heating mode according to the change of the current direction.
红外测温仪9则固定安装在真空罐1内，红外测温仪9用于检测温控板3及其所承载的物料的温度。本实施例中，红外测温仪9布置在位于温控板3的中心的正上方的位置，例如，红外测温仪9通过支撑导管12与真空罐1的侧壁固定连接，并且该支撑导管12贯穿真空罐1的侧壁，同时支撑导管12中穿设有用于与红外测温仪9相连接的线缆。The infrared thermometer 9 is fixedly installed in the vacuum tank 1, and is used to detect the temperature of the temperature control plate 3 and the material carried by it. In this embodiment, the infrared thermometer 9 is arranged at a position directly above the center of the temperature control plate 3. For example, the infrared thermometer 9 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the vacuum tank 1 through a support conduit 12, and the support conduit 12 passes through the side wall of the vacuum tank 1, and a cable for connecting to the infrared thermometer 9 is passed through the support conduit 12.
使用时，通过打开盖2而将待冷冻干燥的物料直接放置在温控板3的顶面后再将盖2封闭，通过半导体制冷模块8对温控板3进行降温，使物料冷冻到其中的水分结晶，在冷冻阶段即可通过超声波发生器控制超声波振子7以预设的间隔和时长工作，使用超声波促进物料形成细胞间的冰晶，同时超声波还能够提升导热系数，提升传热效果；冷冻完成后即进行一次干燥，通过真空泵4对真空罐1进行抽真空，达到要求的真空度后，再以预设的间隔和时长控制超声波振子7工作在更高的功率上，此阶段超声波的主要作用是提升传热效果，同时提供能量以使水分子获取升华的动能，加快一次干燥速度；一次干燥完成后通过半导体制冷模块8对温控板3进行升温操作，即进行二次干燥，同样的，超声波振子7再以预设的间隔和时长控制，超声波在此阶段则提升传热效果，同时提供能量，使得结晶水获能溢出。When in use, the cover 2 is opened and the material to be freeze-dried is directly placed on the top surface of the temperature control plate 3, and then the cover 2 is closed. The temperature control plate 3 is cooled by the semiconductor refrigeration module 8 to freeze the material until the water therein is crystallized. In the freezing stage, the ultrasonic generator can control the ultrasonic vibrator 7 to work at a preset interval and duration, and ultrasonic waves are used to promote the formation of ice crystals between cells of the material. At the same time, ultrasonic waves can also improve thermal conductivity and heat transfer effect. After freezing, a drying is performed once. The vacuum tank 1 is evacuated by the vacuum pump 4. After reaching the required vacuum degree, the ultrasonic vibrator 7 is controlled to work at a higher power at a preset interval and duration. The main function of the ultrasonic wave at this stage is to improve the heat transfer effect and provide energy to enable water molecules to obtain kinetic energy for sublimation, thereby accelerating the primary drying speed. After the primary drying is completed, the temperature control plate 3 is heated by the semiconductor refrigeration module 8, that is, secondary drying is performed. Similarly, the ultrasonic vibrator 7 is controlled at a preset interval and duration. The ultrasonic wave improves the heat transfer effect at this stage and provides energy to enable the crystal water to overflow.
可以理解的是，上述过程只是公开了本设备的其中一种工作模式，本申请对其公开的设备的具体使用方式不做限制，本领域技术人员可根据实际需要冷冻干燥的物料的不同而对工作模式进行调整，例如文献1公开的模式，其只需要在冷冻阶段进行超声介入即可。It is understandable that the above process only discloses one of the working modes of the device. The present application does not limit the specific use of the device disclosed therein. Those skilled in the art can adjust the working mode according to the different materials that need to be freeze-dried. For example, the mode disclosed in Document 1 only requires ultrasonic intervention during the freezing stage.
以上结合附图对本发明的实施方式作了详细说明，但本发明不限于所描述的实施方式。对于本领域的技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明原理和精神的情况下，对这些实施方式进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，仍落入本发明的保护范围内。The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of these embodiments are made without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210167524.4ACN114485077B (en) | 2022-02-23 | 2022-02-23 | Ultrasonic-assisted freeze drying equipment |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210167524.4ACN114485077B (en) | 2022-02-23 | 2022-02-23 | Ultrasonic-assisted freeze drying equipment |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114485077A CN114485077A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
| CN114485077Btrue CN114485077B (en) | 2024-06-25 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210167524.4AActiveCN114485077B (en) | 2022-02-23 | 2022-02-23 | Ultrasonic-assisted freeze drying equipment |
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| CN115500420A (en)* | 2022-09-22 | 2022-12-23 | 福建拓天生物科技有限公司 | Processing technology of freeze-dried coffee product |
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| CN103968649A (en)* | 2014-05-13 | 2014-08-06 | 上海理工大学 | Freeze drying method and accessory equipment |
| CN104677057A (en)* | 2015-03-03 | 2015-06-03 | 华南理工大学 | Method and equipment for adopting variable-frequency alternating current electric field for assisting freeze drying of drug liposome powder |
| CN205192099U (en)* | 2015-11-09 | 2016-04-27 | 长沙普济生物科技有限公司 | Novel drying system |
| CN217210079U (en)* | 2022-02-23 | 2022-08-16 | 上海理工大学 | Ultrasonic-assisted freeze drying equipment |
| CN115574547A (en)* | 2022-02-23 | 2023-01-06 | 上海理工大学 | Ultrasonic-assisted freeze drying method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103968649A (en)* | 2014-05-13 | 2014-08-06 | 上海理工大学 | Freeze drying method and accessory equipment |
| CN104677057A (en)* | 2015-03-03 | 2015-06-03 | 华南理工大学 | Method and equipment for adopting variable-frequency alternating current electric field for assisting freeze drying of drug liposome powder |
| CN205192099U (en)* | 2015-11-09 | 2016-04-27 | 长沙普济生物科技有限公司 | Novel drying system |
| CN217210079U (en)* | 2022-02-23 | 2022-08-16 | 上海理工大学 | Ultrasonic-assisted freeze drying equipment |
| CN115574547A (en)* | 2022-02-23 | 2023-01-06 | 上海理工大学 | Ultrasonic-assisted freeze drying method |
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| CN114485077A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
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