技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，具体涉及一种肝胆引流冲洗装置。The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a hepatobiliary drainage and flushing device.
背景技术Background technique
肝胆外科对患者手术治疗后需要采用引流方式将人体内的胆汁、组织液等体液通过导流管等引流装置引流到体外，以降低肝胆内的压力和防止体液集聚引起的组织感染等危害，达到对病灶部位进行护理的目的。在引流过程中由于胆汁、组织液等体液在导流管内的流速较慢，时间长了胆汁、组织液等会凝结在导流管内造成导流管堵塞，使得胆汁、组织液在胆内聚集无法继续排出体外，现有的肝胆引流装置都是通过人工打开阀门对导流管内部进行冲堵，需要医务人员定时对导流管进行观察以确定是否需要进行导流管疏通，增加了医务人员的劳动强度。同时，现有在对导流管进行冲堵疏通时可能会导致导流管内的压力波动较大，从而引起患者肝胆内的压力跟着波动造成患者疼痛感增加。After surgical treatment of patients, hepatobiliary surgery needs to use drainage methods to drain bile, tissue fluid and other body fluids in the human body to the outside of the body through drainage devices such as drainage tubes, so as to reduce the pressure in the liver and gallbladder and prevent tissue infection and other hazards caused by body fluid accumulation, so as to achieve the purpose of nursing the lesion site. During the drainage process, since the flow rate of bile, tissue fluid and other body fluids in the drainage tube is slow, the bile, tissue fluid and the like will condense in the drainage tube over time, causing the drainage tube to be blocked, so that the bile and tissue fluid will accumulate in the gallbladder and cannot continue to be discharged from the body. The existing hepatobiliary drainage devices all block the inside of the drainage tube by manually opening the valve, and medical staff are required to observe the drainage tube regularly to determine whether the drainage tube needs to be dredged, which increases the labor intensity of medical staff. At the same time, the existing blocking and dredging of the drainage tube may cause large pressure fluctuations in the drainage tube, thereby causing the pressure in the patient's liver and gallbladder to fluctuate and increase the patient's pain.
同时，由于肝胆引流装置的导流管端部的吸液头上的吸附孔通常小于导流管内径，因此吸附孔也会经常发生堵塞，现有肝胆引流装置通常仅对导流管进行冲洗疏通，缺乏对吸附孔进行疏通的功能，当吸液头上的吸附孔堵塞时，肝胆引流装置同样无法达到引流治疗的目的。At the same time, since the adsorption holes on the suction head at the end of the guide tube of the hepatobiliary drainage device are usually smaller than the inner diameter of the guide tube, the adsorption holes will often be blocked. The existing hepatobiliary drainage device usually only flushes and dredges the guide tube, and lacks the function of clearing the adsorption holes. When the adsorption holes on the suction head are blocked, the hepatobiliary drainage device also cannot achieve the purpose of drainage treatment.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种肝胆引流冲洗装置，以自动对引流装置中的导流管进行冲洗疏通，防止导流管堵塞。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hepatobiliary drainage and flushing device, which can automatically flush and clear the drainage tube in the drainage device to prevent the drainage tube from being blocked.
为达到上述目的，本发明的基础方案如下：To achieve the above object, the basic scheme of the present invention is as follows:
一种肝胆引流冲洗装置，包括吸液头和能持续产生恒定负压的负压箱，所述吸液头与所述负压箱通过导流管连通；A hepatobiliary drainage and flushing device comprises a liquid suction head and a negative pressure box capable of continuously generating a constant negative pressure, wherein the liquid suction head is connected to the negative pressure box through a guide tube;
所述吸液头包括外套和设置于外套内与外套滑动连接的内套，所述外套和所述内套均呈一端开口的U型管状体，所述外套的开口端与外套同轴固定连接固定环，所述固定环的侧壁内设置与所述内套的开口端密封滑动配合的环形槽，所述内套的开口端插入所述环形槽内与所述固定环密封滑动连接，内套的封闭端外壁和外套的封闭端内壁之间设置第一弹簧，贯穿所述内套的侧壁设置多个第一吸附孔，贯穿所述外套的侧壁设置与所述第一吸附孔配合的多个第二吸附孔；The liquid suction head comprises an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve arranged in the outer sleeve and slidably connected to the outer sleeve, the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are both U-shaped tubular bodies with one end open, the open end of the outer sleeve is coaxially fixedly connected to a fixing ring of the outer sleeve, an annular groove sealingly and slidingly matched with the open end of the inner sleeve is arranged in the side wall of the fixing ring, the open end of the inner sleeve is inserted into the annular groove and sealingly and slidably connected with the fixing ring, a first spring is arranged between the closed end outer wall of the inner sleeve and the closed end inner wall of the outer sleeve, a plurality of first adsorption holes are arranged through the side wall of the inner sleeve, and a plurality of second adsorption holes matching with the first adsorption holes are arranged through the side wall of the outer sleeve;
固定环侧壁内设置一端与所述环形槽连通另一端与固定环外部空间连通的第一通道，所述内套的开口端与所述环形槽的底部之间的环形槽内滑动连接环形滑块，环形滑块与所述环形槽的底部间设置复位弹簧，所述复位弹簧的一端与所述环形滑块固定连接，复位弹簧的另一端与环形槽底部固定连接使所述环形滑块将所述第一通道的端口封堵，环形滑块与内套开口端之间的环形槽内固定连接限位环，在所述第一弹簧的弹力下内套的开口端与所述限位环接触；A first channel is provided in the side wall of the fixed ring, one end of which is connected to the annular groove and the other end of which is connected to the external space of the fixed ring. An annular slider is slidably connected in the annular groove between the open end of the inner sleeve and the bottom of the annular groove. A return spring is provided between the annular slider and the bottom of the annular groove. One end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the annular slider, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular groove so that the annular slider blocks the port of the first channel. A limiting ring is fixedly connected in the annular groove between the annular slider and the open end of the inner sleeve. Under the elastic force of the first spring, the open end of the inner sleeve contacts the limiting ring.
所述外套的侧壁内和所述固定环的侧壁内配合设置多个与所述第一吸附孔对应的第二通道，所述第二通道的一端与所述外套的内腔连通，第二通道的另一端与位于所述限位环与所述环形滑块间的环形槽连通；A plurality of second channels corresponding to the first adsorption holes are cooperatively arranged in the side wall of the outer sleeve and the side wall of the fixing ring, one end of the second channel is communicated with the inner cavity of the outer sleeve, and the other end of the second channel is communicated with the annular groove between the limiting ring and the annular slider;
所述导流管上固定连接内装有冲洗液的高压水箱，所述高压水箱的内腔与所述第一通道通过第一管道密封连通，所述负压箱与所述环形槽的底部内腔通过第二管道密封连通。The guide pipe is fixedly connected to a high-pressure water tank filled with flushing liquid, the inner cavity of the high-pressure water tank is sealed and connected to the first channel through a first pipe, and the negative pressure box is sealed and connected to the bottom inner cavity of the annular groove through a second pipe.
本发明一种肝胆引流冲洗装置基础方案的原理及有益效果在于：The principle and beneficial effects of the basic scheme of the hepatobiliary drainage and flushing device of the present invention are:
将吸液头置于患者体内腔需要引流处并使吸液头固定住，负压箱和高压水箱均位于体外，在第一弹簧的弹力下内套抵紧限位环，这时第二通道与外套内腔连通处的端口被内套外壁封堵住，第一吸附孔与第二吸附孔对齐使内套的内腔与外套的外部空间连通，患者体内的体液可以流进内套内腔。The suction head is placed at the location in the patient's body cavity that needs drainage and the suction head is fixed. The negative pressure tank and the high-pressure water tank are both located outside the body. Under the elastic force of the first spring, the inner sleeve is pressed against the limiting ring. At this time, the port where the second channel is connected to the inner cavity of the outer sleeve is blocked by the outer wall of the inner sleeve. The first adsorption hole is aligned with the second adsorption hole so that the inner cavity of the inner sleeve is connected to the external space of the outer sleeve, and the body fluid in the patient can flow into the inner cavity of the inner sleeve.
运行负压箱持续产生恒定负压对患者体内的体液进行吸附，体液经吸液头再经导流管流入负压箱内，当导流管畅通时，负压箱通过第二管道对环形槽的底部内腔产生的负压最小，在复位弹簧的作用下环形滑块将第一通道与环形槽连通处的端口封堵住，高压水箱里的水体无法流入环形槽内，当导流管发生堵塞时，负压箱通过第二管道对环形槽的底部内腔产生的负压增大，使得环形滑块克服复位弹簧的弹力向靠近环形槽底部方向移动使环形滑块越过第一通道的端口，这时高压水箱里的冲洗液通过第一通道进入环形槽里使环形槽内腔压力增大，环形槽内腔压力增大迫使内套克服第一弹簧的弹力向远离限位环方向移动，当内套移动使第一吸附孔与第二吸附孔完全错开时，第一吸附孔与第一通道连通，高压冲洗液由第一通道经第一吸附孔流进内套内腔对内套内腔和导流管内腔进行高压冲洗疏通。The operation of the negative pressure box continuously generates a constant negative pressure to absorb the body fluid in the patient's body. The body fluid flows into the negative pressure box through the suction head and then through the guide tube. When the guide tube is unblocked, the negative pressure generated by the negative pressure box on the bottom inner cavity of the annular groove through the second pipe is minimal. Under the action of the reset spring, the annular slider blocks the port at the connection between the first channel and the annular groove, and the water in the high-pressure water tank cannot flow into the annular groove. When the guide tube is blocked, the negative pressure generated by the negative pressure box on the bottom inner cavity of the annular groove through the second pipe increases, allowing the annular slider to overcome the reset spring. The elastic force of the first spring moves the inner sleeve toward the bottom of the annular groove so that the annular slider passes over the port of the first channel. At this time, the flushing liquid in the high-pressure water tank enters the annular groove through the first channel to increase the pressure in the inner cavity of the annular groove. The increased pressure in the inner cavity of the annular groove forces the inner sleeve to overcome the elastic force of the first spring and move away from the limit ring. When the inner sleeve moves to completely stagger the first adsorption hole and the second adsorption hole, the first adsorption hole is connected to the first channel, and the high-pressure flushing liquid flows from the first channel through the first adsorption hole into the inner cavity of the inner sleeve to perform high-pressure flushing and dredge the inner cavity of the inner sleeve and the inner cavity of the guide tube.
当导流管疏通后内套内腔的液体流入负压箱使内套内腔压力变小，同时负压箱通过第二管道对环形槽底部内腔产生的负压变小，复位弹簧迫使环形滑块向靠近限位环方向移动将第一通道封堵，第一弹簧使内套向靠近限位环方向滑动使第一吸附孔与第二吸附孔连通。When the guide tube is unblocked, the liquid in the inner cavity of the inner sleeve flows into the negative pressure box to reduce the pressure in the inner cavity of the inner sleeve. At the same time, the negative pressure generated by the negative pressure box on the inner cavity at the bottom of the annular groove through the second pipe is reduced. The reset spring forces the annular slider to move toward the limit ring to block the first channel. The first spring causes the inner sleeve to slide toward the limit ring to connect the first adsorption hole with the second adsorption hole.
本发明的基础方案在导流管堵塞时自动冲洗疏通导流管，无需医护人员定时检查导流管的流通情况，减轻了医护人员劳动强度；当对导流管冲洗疏通时，同时对内套上的第一吸附孔进行疏通，有效防止导流管和第一吸附孔堵塞；当对导流管进行冲洗疏通时，内套内腔与外套外部空间处于隔绝状态，避免了冲洗液倒流进入患者体内造成患者体内压力增大引起增加患者痛苦。The basic scheme of the present invention automatically flushes and unclogs the drainage tube when it is blocked, and medical staff do not need to regularly check the flow of the drainage tube, thereby reducing the labor intensity of medical staff; when the drainage tube is flushed and unclogged, the first adsorption hole on the inner sleeve is unclogged at the same time, effectively preventing the drainage tube and the first adsorption hole from being blocked; when the drainage tube is flushed and unclogged, the inner cavity of the inner sleeve and the external space of the outer sleeve are in an isolated state, thereby preventing the flushing liquid from flowing back into the patient's body, causing the pressure in the patient's body to increase and increase the patient's pain.
进一步，所述内套的侧壁设置与所述第二吸附孔对应的第一通孔，所述第一通孔内密封固定连接将所述内套的内外空间隔绝的弹性膜，当所述第二通道的端口与所述第一吸附孔对齐连通时，所述第一通孔与所述第二吸附孔对齐。Furthermore, the side wall of the inner sleeve is provided with a first through hole corresponding to the second adsorption hole, and the first through hole is sealed and fixedly connected with an elastic membrane that isolates the inner and outer spaces of the inner sleeve. When the port of the second channel is aligned and connected with the first adsorption hole, the first through hole is aligned with the second adsorption hole.
当高压冲洗液进入内套内腔的同时进入如第一通孔内，高压冲洗液的压力使弹性膜伸展鼓起进入第二吸附孔内，可能凝结堵塞在第二吸附孔内的体液结块被伸展的弹性膜挤出第二吸附孔，达到对第二吸附孔清理防堵的目的。When the high-pressure flushing liquid enters the inner cavity of the inner sleeve and enters the first through hole at the same time, the pressure of the high-pressure flushing liquid causes the elastic membrane to stretch and bulge into the second adsorption hole. The body fluid agglomerates that may have condensed and blocked in the second adsorption hole are squeezed out of the second adsorption hole by the stretched elastic membrane, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning and preventing blockage of the second adsorption hole.
进一步，为防止内套在外套内滑动时发生绕内套轴线的旋转使第一吸附孔与第二吸附孔无法对齐，在内套封闭端的外侧设置棱柱体，所述棱柱体的轴线与所述内套的轴线平行设置，在所述外套的封闭端内壁设置与所述棱柱体配合的滑槽，所述棱柱的一端与内套固定连接，棱柱的另一端位于所述滑槽内与滑槽滑动连接，所述第一弹簧设置于所述滑槽内，第一弹簧的一端与所述棱柱体固定连接，第一弹簧的另一端与所述滑槽的底部固定连接。Furthermore, in order to prevent the inner sleeve from rotating around the axis of the inner sleeve when sliding in the outer sleeve so that the first adsorption hole and the second adsorption hole cannot be aligned, a prism is arranged on the outer side of the closed end of the inner sleeve, and the axis of the prism is arranged parallel to the axis of the inner sleeve. A slide groove matching the prism is arranged on the inner wall of the closed end of the outer sleeve, one end of the prism is fixedly connected to the inner sleeve, and the other end of the prism is located in the slide groove and is slidably connected to the slide groove. The first spring is arranged in the slide groove, one end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the prism, and the other end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide groove.
进一步，所述负压箱包括密闭的收集箱，收集箱上固定连接抽真空机对收集箱内腔抽真空使收集箱内腔持续产生恒定负压，所述导流管的一端与所述收集箱的内腔连通，导流管的另一端与所述固定环螺纹连接使固定环内腔与所述收集箱的内腔连通。Furthermore, the negative pressure box includes a sealed collection box, to which a vacuum pump is fixedly connected to evacuate the inner cavity of the collection box so that a constant negative pressure is continuously generated in the inner cavity of the collection box; one end of the guide tube is connected to the inner cavity of the collection box, and the other end of the guide tube is threadedly connected to the fixing ring so that the inner cavity of the fixing ring is connected to the inner cavity of the collection box.
进一步，所述高压水箱包括箱体，箱体内密封滑动连接活塞，所述活塞与箱体之间设置第二弹簧，所述第二弹簧的一端与所述活塞固定连接，第二弹簧的另一端与箱体固定连接，活塞靠近第二弹簧的一侧设置拉杆，所述拉杆的一端与活塞固定连接，拉杆的另一端为伸出箱体外的自由端，箱体上远离第二弹簧的侧壁上设置注水口，活塞远离第二弹簧一侧的箱体内装有所述冲洗液，所述第一管道的一端与所述第一通道密封连通，第一管道的另一端与装有冲洗液的箱体内腔连通。Furthermore, the high-pressure water tank includes a box body, a piston is sealingly and slidingly connected inside the box body, a second spring is arranged between the piston and the box body, one end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the piston, and the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the box body, a pull rod is arranged on the side of the piston close to the second spring, one end of the pull rod is fixedly connected to the piston, and the other end of the pull rod is a free end extending out of the box body, a water inlet is arranged on the side wall of the box body away from the second spring, the flushing liquid is filled in the box body on the side of the piston away from the second spring, one end of the first pipe is sealed and connected to the first channel, and the other end of the first pipe is connected to the inner cavity of the box body filled with flushing liquid.
在第二弹簧的弹力下箱体内的冲洗液保持高压力，当第一通道与环形槽连通时，高压冲洗液通过第一管道和第一通道进入环形槽内再进入内套内腔对内套内腔和导流管进行高压冲洗，当箱体内的冲洗液使用完时，打开注水口，拉动拉杆使活塞向靠近第二弹簧方向滑动，通过注水口向箱体内灌注冲洗液后关闭注水口，松开拉杆使第二弹簧对冲洗液产生压力以便对导流管进行下一次的冲洗疏通。Under the elastic force of the second spring, the flushing liquid in the box body maintains a high pressure. When the first channel is connected to the annular groove, the high-pressure flushing liquid enters the annular groove through the first pipe and the first channel and then enters the inner cavity of the inner sleeve to perform high-pressure flushing on the inner cavity of the inner sleeve and the guide tube. When the flushing liquid in the box body is used up, the water injection port is opened, and the pull rod is pulled to slide the piston toward the second spring. After the flushing liquid is poured into the box body through the water injection port, the water injection port is closed, and the pull rod is released to allow the second spring to generate pressure on the flushing liquid so as to flush and dredge the guide tube for the next time.
进一步，第一吸附孔到第二通道的端口的距离小于所述第一通道的端口到所述环形滑块的靠近限位环一端的端面的距离。Furthermore, the distance from the first adsorption hole to the port of the second channel is smaller than the distance from the port of the first channel to the end surface of the annular slider close to one end of the limiting ring.
当对导流管冲洗结束后内套在第一弹簧的弹力下抵紧限位环时，当环形槽内残留有冲洗液时环形滑块不会被迫移动越过第一通道的端口，此时环形滑块仍然能将第一通道封堵住。When flushing of the guide tube is completed, the inner sleeve presses against the limit ring under the elastic force of the first spring, and when flushing liquid remains in the annular groove, the annular slider will not be forced to move over the port of the first channel, and the annular slider can still block the first channel.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1为本发明一种肝胆引流冲洗装置的结构示意图。FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hepatobiliary drainage and flushing device according to the present invention.
图2为图1中局部放大图。FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 1 .
图3为图1中第一吸附孔处结构示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first adsorption hole in FIG. 1 .
图4为图1中环形槽处结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular groove in FIG. 1 .
图5为对导流管进行冲洗时的装置结构变化示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing changes in the structure of the device when flushing the flow guide tube.
图6为图5中局部放大图。FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 5 .
图7为图5中第一吸附孔处结构示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first adsorption hole in FIG. 5 .
图8为图5中环形槽处结构示意图。FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular groove in FIG5.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面通过具体实施方式进一步详细说明：The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:
说明书附图中的附图标记包括：外套101、滑槽1011、第一吸附孔1012、第一通孔1013、内套102、棱柱体1021、第二吸附孔1022、第一弹簧103、固定环20、环形槽201、第一通道202、环形滑块203、复位弹簧204、限位环205、第二通道301、第一管道302、第二管道303、导流管40、弹性膜50、收集箱601、抽真空机602、箱体701、活塞702、第二弹簧703、拉杆704、注水口705、冲洗液80。The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: outer sleeve 101, slide groove 1011, first adsorption hole 1012, first through hole 1013, inner sleeve 102, prism 1021, second adsorption hole 1022, first spring 103, fixing ring 20, annular groove 201, first channel 202, annular slider 203, return spring 204, limit ring 205, second channel 301, first pipeline 302, second pipeline 303, guide tube 40, elastic membrane 50, collection box 601, vacuum machine 602, box body 701, piston 702, second spring 703, pull rod 704, water inlet 705, flushing liquid 80.
本实施例的一种肝胆引流冲洗装置，包括吸液头和能持续产生恒定负压的负压箱，吸液头与负压箱通过导流管40连通。A hepatobiliary drainage and flushing device of this embodiment includes a liquid suction head and a negative pressure box that can continuously generate a constant negative pressure. The liquid suction head is connected to the negative pressure box through a guide tube 40.
如图1、图2所示，吸液头包括外套101和设置于外套101内与外套101滑动连接的内套102，外套101和内套102均呈一端开口的U型管状体，外套101和内套102同轴设置且开口方向一致，外套101的开口端固定连接固定环20，固定环20与外套101同轴设置，固定环20的侧壁内设置与内套102的开口端密封滑动配合的环形槽201，内套102的开口端插入环形槽201内与固定环20密封滑动连接，内套102的封闭端的外侧一体成型棱柱体1021，棱柱体1021可以选择正三棱柱、正四棱柱、正六棱柱等正棱柱，优选正四棱柱，棱柱体1021的轴线与内套102的轴线平行设置，在外套101的封闭端放的内壁上设置与棱柱体1021配合的滑槽1011，棱柱体1021远离内套102的一端位于滑槽1011内与滑槽1011滑动连接，滑槽1011内设置第一弹簧103，第一弹簧103的一端与棱柱体1021固定连接，第一弹簧103的另一端与滑槽1011的底部固定连接。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the liquid-absorbing head includes an outer sleeve 101 and an inner sleeve 102 arranged in the outer sleeve 101 and slidably connected to the outer sleeve 101. The outer sleeve 101 and the inner sleeve 102 are both U-shaped tubular bodies with one end open. The outer sleeve 101 and the inner sleeve 102 are coaxially arranged and have the same opening direction. The open end of the outer sleeve 101 is fixedly connected to the fixing ring 20, and the fixing ring 20 is coaxially arranged with the outer sleeve 101. An annular groove 201 that seals and slides with the open end of the inner sleeve 102 is arranged in the side wall of the fixing ring 20. The open end of the inner sleeve 102 is inserted into the annular groove 201 and is sealed and slidably connected to the fixing ring 20. The outer side of the closed end of the inner sleeve 102 is integrally formed The prism 1021 can be a regular prism such as a regular triangular prism, a regular quadrangular prism, or a regular hexagonal prism, preferably a regular quadrangular prism. The axis of the prism 1021 is arranged parallel to the axis of the inner sleeve 102. A slide groove 1011 cooperating with the prism 1021 is arranged on the inner wall of the closed end of the outer sleeve 101. The end of the prism 1021 away from the inner sleeve 102 is located in the slide groove 1011 and is slidably connected to the slide groove 1011. A first spring 103 is arranged in the slide groove 1011. One end of the first spring 103 is fixedly connected to the prism 1021, and the other end of the first spring 103 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide groove 1011.
如图1至图3所示，沿内套102的径向贯穿内套102的侧壁设置多个第一吸附孔1012，沿外套101的径向贯穿外套101的侧壁设置与第一吸附孔1012配合的多个第二吸附孔1022，沿内套102的径向贯穿内套102的侧壁设置多个与第二吸附孔1022对应的第一通孔1013，第一通孔1013内密封固定连接将内套102的内外空间隔断的弹性膜50。As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a plurality of first adsorption holes 1012 are provided along the radial direction of the inner sleeve 102 and through the side wall of the inner sleeve 102, a plurality of second adsorption holes 1022 are provided along the radial direction of the outer sleeve 101 and cooperate with the first adsorption holes 1012, a plurality of first through holes 1013 corresponding to the second adsorption holes 1022 are provided along the radial direction of the inner sleeve 102 and through the side wall of the inner sleeve 102, and the first through holes 1013 are sealed and fixedly connected to an elastic membrane 50 that separates the inner and outer spaces of the inner sleeve 102.
如图1、图4所示，固定环20的侧壁内设置第一通道202，第一通道202的一端与环形槽201连通，第一通道202的另一端与固定环20外部空间连通，环形槽201内密封滑动连接环形滑块203，环形滑块203与环形槽201的底部之间设置复位弹簧204，复位弹簧204的一端与环形滑块203固定连接，复位弹簧204的另一端与环形槽201底部固定连接使环形滑块203将第一通道202与环形槽201连通处的端口封堵住，环形滑块203与内套102的开口端之间的环形槽201内固定连接限位环205，限位环205两侧的环形槽201连通，在第一弹簧103的弹力下内套102的开口端与限位环205抵紧接触。As shown in Figures 1 and 4, a first channel 202 is provided in the side wall of the fixing ring 20, one end of the first channel 202 is communicated with the annular groove 201, and the other end of the first channel 202 is communicated with the external space of the fixing ring 20, an annular slider 203 is sealingly and slidably connected in the annular groove 201, a return spring 204 is provided between the annular slider 203 and the bottom of the annular groove 201, one end of the return spring 204 is fixedly connected to the annular slider 203, and the other end of the return spring 204 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the annular groove 201 so that the annular slider 203 blocks the port where the first channel 202 and the annular groove 201 are communicated, a limiting ring 205 is fixedly connected in the annular groove 201 between the annular slider 203 and the opening end of the inner sleeve 102, the annular grooves 201 on both sides of the limiting ring 205 are communicated, and under the elastic force of the first spring 103, the opening end of the inner sleeve 102 is in close contact with the limiting ring 205.
外套101的侧壁内和固定环20的侧壁内密封连通配合设置多个与第一吸附孔1012对应的第二通道301，第二通道301的一端与外套101的内腔连通，第二通道301的另一端与位于限位环205与环形滑块203间的环形槽201连通。A plurality of second channels 301 corresponding to the first adsorption holes 1012 are sealed and connected in the side wall of the outer sleeve 101 and the side wall of the fixed ring 20. One end of the second channel 301 is connected to the inner cavity of the outer sleeve 101, and the other end of the second channel 301 is connected to the annular groove 201 located between the limiting ring 205 and the annular slider 203.
如图5至图7所示，当第二通道301的端口与第一吸附孔1012对齐连通时，第一通孔1013与第二吸附孔1022对齐。As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 , when the port of the second channel 301 is aligned and communicated with the first adsorption hole 1012 , the first through hole 1013 is aligned with the second adsorption hole 1022 .
如图1所示，导流管40上固定连接内装有冲洗液80的高压水箱，高压水箱包括箱体701，箱体701内密封滑动连接活塞702，活塞702与箱体701之间设置第二弹簧703，第二弹簧703的一端与活塞702固定连接，第二弹簧703的另一端与箱体701固定连接，活塞702靠近第二弹簧703的一侧设置拉杆704，拉杆704的一端与活塞702固定连接，拉杆704的另一端为伸出箱体701外的自由端，箱体701上远离第二弹簧703的侧壁上设置注水口705，活塞702远离第二弹簧703一侧的箱体701内装有冲洗液80，箱体701上设置第一管道302，第一管道302的一端与第一通道202密封固定连通，第一管道302的另一端与装有冲洗液80的箱体701内腔密封固定连通，为了方便观察箱体701内冲洗液80的剩余量，箱体701由透明有机玻璃制成。As shown in FIG1 , the guide tube 40 is fixedly connected to a high-pressure water tank filled with a flushing liquid 80, and the high-pressure water tank includes a box body 701, a piston 702 is sealed and slidably connected inside the box body 701, a second spring 703 is arranged between the piston 702 and the box body 701, one end of the second spring 703 is fixedly connected to the piston 702, and the other end of the second spring 703 is fixedly connected to the box body 701, and a pull rod 704 is arranged on the side of the piston 702 close to the second spring 703, one end of the pull rod 704 is fixedly connected to the piston 702, and the other end of the pull rod 704 is extended A water inlet 705 is arranged on the side wall of the box body 701 away from the second spring 703 at the free end outside the box body 701, and a flushing liquid 80 is filled in the box body 701 on the side of the piston 702 away from the second spring 703. A first pipe 302 is arranged on the box body 701, and one end of the first pipe 302 is sealed and fixedly connected to the first channel 202, and the other end of the first pipe 302 is sealed and fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the box body 701 filled with the flushing liquid 80. In order to facilitate the observation of the remaining amount of the flushing liquid 80 in the box body 701, the box body 701 is made of transparent organic glass.
负压箱包括密闭的收集箱601，收集箱601上设置有将箱体701内的液体排出箱体701外的排液阀，收集箱601上固定连接抽真空机602对收集箱601内腔抽真空使收集箱601内腔持续产生恒定负压，导流管40的一端与收集箱601的内腔连通，导流管40的另一端设置外螺纹，固定环20的外端设置与导流管40上外螺纹配合的内螺纹，导流管40与固定环20螺纹连接使固定环20内腔与收集箱601的内腔连通，收集箱601上设置第二管道303，第二管道303的一端与收集箱601的内腔密封连通，第二管道303的另一端与环形槽201的底部内腔密封连通。The negative pressure box includes a sealed collecting box 601, on which a drain valve for discharging the liquid in the box body 701 out of the box body 701 is provided. A vacuum pump 602 is fixedly connected to the collecting box 601 to evacuate the inner cavity of the collecting box 601 so that a constant negative pressure is continuously generated in the inner cavity of the collecting box 601. One end of the guide tube 40 is connected to the inner cavity of the collecting box 601, and the other end of the guide tube 40 is provided with an external thread. The outer end of the fixing ring 20 is provided with an internal thread matching the external thread on the guide tube 40. The guide tube 40 is threadedly connected to the fixing ring 20 so that the inner cavity of the fixing ring 20 is connected to the inner cavity of the collecting box 601. A second pipe 303 is provided on the collecting box 601, one end of the second pipe 303 is sealed and connected to the inner cavity of the collecting box 601, and the other end of the second pipe 303 is sealed and connected to the bottom inner cavity of the annular groove 201.
为了使得对导流管40冲洗结束后内套102在第一弹簧103的弹力下抵紧限位环205时，环形槽201内残留有冲洗液80的情况下环形滑块203不会被迫移动越过第一通道202的端口，使环形滑块203仍然保持将第一通道202封堵住，设置第一吸附孔1012到第二通道301端口的距离小于第一通道202与环形槽201连通处的端口到环形滑块203的靠近限位环205一端的端面的距离。In order to ensure that when the inner sleeve 102 is pressed against the limit ring 205 under the elastic force of the first spring 103 after flushing of the guide tube 40, the annular slider 203 will not be forced to move beyond the port of the first channel 202 when there is flushing liquid 80 remaining in the annular groove 201, so that the annular slider 203 still keeps blocking the first channel 202, the distance from the first adsorption hole 1012 to the port of the second channel 301 is set to be smaller than the distance from the port where the first channel 202 and the annular groove 201 are connected to the end face of the annular slider 203 close to the limit ring 205.
本实施例一种肝胆引流冲洗装置的原理及有益效果在于：The principle and beneficial effects of a hepatobiliary drainage and flushing device in this embodiment are:
将吸液头置于患者体内腔需要引流处并使吸液头上的外套101与人体固定住，收集箱601和装有冲洗液80的箱体701均位于人体外，第二弹簧703挤压活塞702使箱体701内的冲洗液80产生高压，在第一弹簧103的弹力下内套102抵紧限位环205，这时第二通道301与外套101内腔连通处的端口被内套102外壁封堵住，第一通孔1013的外端被外套101内壁封堵，第一吸附孔1012与第二吸附孔1022对齐使内套102的内腔与外套101的外部空间连通，患者体内的体液可以流进内套102内腔。The pipette head is placed at the part of the patient's body cavity that needs drainage and the outer sleeve 101 on the pipette head is fixed to the human body. The collection box 601 and the box body 701 containing the flushing liquid 80 are both located outside the human body. The second spring 703 squeezes the piston 702 to generate high pressure in the flushing liquid 80 in the box body 701. Under the elastic force of the first spring 103, the inner sleeve 102 presses against the limiting ring 205. At this time, the port where the second channel 301 is connected to the inner cavity of the outer sleeve 101 is blocked by the outer wall of the inner sleeve 102, and the outer end of the first through hole 1013 is blocked by the inner wall of the outer sleeve 101. The first adsorption hole 1012 is aligned with the second adsorption hole 1022 to connect the inner cavity of the inner sleeve 102 with the external space of the outer sleeve 101, and the body fluid in the patient's body can flow into the inner cavity of the inner sleeve 102.
运行抽真空机602对收集箱601内腔抽真空使收集箱601内腔持续产生恒定负压，负压通过导流管40和吸液头对患者体内的体液进行吸附，体液经吸液头再经导流管40流入负压箱内，当导流管40、第一吸附孔1012和第二吸附孔1022都畅通未被堵塞时，收集箱601通过第二管道303对环形槽201的底部内腔产生的负压最小，在复位弹簧204的作用下环形滑块203将第一通道202与环形槽201连通处的端口封堵住，箱体701里的冲洗水无法流入环形槽201内。The vacuum pump 602 is operated to evacuate the inner cavity of the collection box 601 so that a constant negative pressure is continuously generated in the inner cavity of the collection box 601. The negative pressure absorbs the body fluid in the patient's body through the guide tube 40 and the pipette head. The body fluid flows into the negative pressure box through the pipette head and then through the guide tube 40. When the guide tube 40, the first adsorption hole 1012 and the second adsorption hole 1022 are all unobstructed and not blocked, the negative pressure generated by the collection box 601 on the bottom inner cavity of the annular groove 201 through the second pipe 303 is minimal. Under the action of the reset spring 204, the annular slider 203 blocks the port where the first channel 202 is connected to the annular groove 201, and the flushing water in the box body 701 cannot flow into the annular groove 201.
当导流管40或第一吸附孔1012或第二吸附孔1022发生堵塞时，负压箱通过第二管道303对环形槽201的底部内腔产生的负压增大，环形槽201的底部内腔的负压增大使得环形滑块203克服复位弹簧204的弹力向靠近环形槽201底部方向移动使环形滑块203越过第一通道202的端口(如图6、图8所示)，这时箱体701里的高压冲洗液80通过第一通道202进入环形槽201里使环形槽201内腔压力增大，环形槽201内腔压力增大迫使内套102克服第一弹簧103的弹力向远离限位环205方向滑动，当内套102移动使第一吸附孔1012与第二吸附孔1022完全错开时，第一吸附孔1012与第一通道202连通，第二吸附孔1022与第一通孔1013对齐，高压冲洗液80由第一通道202经第一吸附孔1012流进内套102内腔对内套102内腔和导流管40内腔进行高压冲洗疏通，当高压冲洗液80进入内套102内腔的同时进入如第一通孔1013内，高压冲洗液80的压力使弹性膜50伸展鼓起进入第二吸附孔1022内，可能凝结堵塞在第二吸附孔1022内的体液结块被伸展的弹性膜50挤出第二吸附孔1022。When the guide tube 40 or the first adsorption hole 1012 or the second adsorption hole 1022 is blocked, the negative pressure box generates an increase in the negative pressure on the bottom inner cavity of the annular groove 201 through the second pipe 303. The increase in the negative pressure in the bottom inner cavity of the annular groove 201 causes the annular slider 203 to overcome the elastic force of the return spring 204 and move toward the bottom of the annular groove 201 so that the annular slider 203 passes over the port of the first channel 202 (as shown in Figures 6 and 8). At this time, the high-pressure flushing liquid 80 in the box body 701 enters the annular groove 201 through the first channel 202, increasing the pressure in the inner cavity of the annular groove 201. The increase in the pressure in the inner cavity of the annular groove 201 forces the inner sleeve 102 to overcome the elastic force of the first spring 103 and slide away from the limit ring 205. When the inner sleeve 102 moves so that the first adsorption hole 1012 and the second adsorption hole 1022 are completely offset, the first adsorption hole 1012 is connected to the first channel 202, and the second adsorption hole 1022 is aligned with the first through hole 1013. The high-pressure flushing liquid 80 flows from the first channel 202 through the first adsorption hole 1012 into the inner cavity of the inner sleeve 102 to perform high-pressure flushing and dredge the inner cavity of the inner sleeve 102 and the inner cavity of the guide tube 40. When the high-pressure flushing liquid 80 enters the inner cavity of the inner sleeve 102 and the first through hole 1013 at the same time, the pressure of the high-pressure flushing liquid 80 causes the elastic membrane 50 to stretch and bulge and enter the second adsorption hole 1022. The body fluid that may condense and clog the second adsorption hole 1022 is squeezed out of the second adsorption hole 1022 by the stretched elastic membrane 50.
当导流管40疏通后内套102内腔的液体流入收集箱601使内套102内腔压力变小，第一通孔1013内的弹性膜50逐渐收缩离开第二吸附孔1022，同时收集箱601通过第二管道303对环形槽201底部内腔产生的负压变小，复位弹簧204迫使环形滑块203向靠近限位环205方向移动将第一通道202封堵，第一弹簧103使内套102向靠近限位环205方向滑动使第一吸附孔1012与第二吸附孔1022连通进行正常引流。When the guide tube 40 is unblocked, the liquid in the inner cavity of the inner sleeve 102 flows into the collecting box 601, reducing the pressure in the inner cavity of the inner sleeve 102, and the elastic membrane 50 in the first through hole 1013 gradually shrinks and leaves the second adsorption hole 1022. At the same time, the negative pressure generated by the collecting box 601 on the inner cavity at the bottom of the annular groove 201 through the second pipe 303 becomes smaller, and the reset spring 204 forces the annular slider 203 to move toward the limit ring 205 to block the first channel 202. The first spring 103 causes the inner sleeve 102 to slide toward the limit ring 205 to connect the first adsorption hole 1012 with the second adsorption hole 1022 for normal drainage.
本发明方案至少具有以下有益效果：The solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1.在导流管或吸液头堵塞时能自动进行冲洗疏通，无需医护人员定时观察导流管的流通状况并分析导流管是否堵塞，再决定是否手动导流管的疏通，医护人员只需查看箱体内看是否需要补充冲洗液即可，本发明操作简单，减轻了医护人员劳动强度；1. When the guide tube or the liquid suction head is blocked, it can be automatically flushed and unblocked. Medical staff do not need to regularly observe the flow status of the guide tube and analyze whether the guide tube is blocked, and then decide whether to manually unblock the guide tube. Medical staff only need to check inside the box to see whether flushing liquid needs to be added. The present invention is simple to operate and reduces the labor intensity of medical staff;
2.当对导流管冲洗疏通时，同时对内套上的第一吸附孔和外套上的第二吸附孔进行疏通，有效防止导流管和吸液头堵塞，提高引流效果；2. When flushing and unblocking the drainage tube, the first adsorption hole on the inner sleeve and the second adsorption hole on the outer sleeve are unblocked at the same time, which effectively prevents the drainage tube and the liquid suction head from being blocked and improves the drainage effect;
3.当对导流管进行冲洗疏通时，内套内腔与外套外部空间处于隔绝状态，避免了冲洗液倒流进入患者体内造成患者体内压力增大引起增加患者痛苦。3. When the drainage tube is flushed and unblocked, the inner cavity of the inner sleeve and the outer space of the outer sleeve are isolated from each other, which prevents the flushing fluid from flowing back into the patient's body and causing increased pressure in the patient's body, thereby increasing the patient's pain.
以上的仅是本发明的实施例，方案中公知的具体结构及特性等常识在此未作过多描述。应当指出，对于本领域的技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明结构的前提下，还可以作出若干变形和改进，这些也应该视为本发明的保护范围，这些都不会影响本发明实施的效果和专利的实用性。本申请要求的保护范围应当以其权利要求的内容为准，说明书中的具体实施方式等记载可以用于解释权利要求的内容。The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210146704.4ACN114366878B (en) | 2022-02-17 | 2022-02-17 | Liver and gall drainage flushing device |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210146704.4ACN114366878B (en) | 2022-02-17 | 2022-02-17 | Liver and gall drainage flushing device |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114366878A CN114366878A (en) | 2022-04-19 |
| CN114366878Btrue CN114366878B (en) | 2024-07-05 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202210146704.4AActiveCN114366878B (en) | 2022-02-17 | 2022-02-17 | Liver and gall drainage flushing device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109498858A (en)* | 2019-01-08 | 2019-03-22 | 王春侠 | A kind of dedicated drainage care device of liver and gall surgical department |
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| CN114366878A (en) | 2022-04-19 |
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
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