CN114326659A - Fault diagnosis system and method for automobile electronic control unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a fault diagnosis system and method for an automobile electronic control unit, wherein the fault diagnosis method for the automobile electronic control unit comprises the steps of acquiring a detection signal of the automobile electronic control unit, and filling the detection signal into a preset data table; splitting the data table through fault associated information to obtain a data fragment set, wherein the fault associated information comprises a fault name and a fault level, and data fragments in the data fragment set correspond to a preset fault feedback strategy; comparing the current detection signals through the data segments, and determining fault association information of the detection signals with abnormity; the method for executing the fault diagnosis by combining the corresponding fault diagnosis system shortens the development period of the fault diagnosis software of the automobile electronic control unit and improves the software development quality of the automobile electronic control unit.

Description

Fault diagnosis system and method for automobile electronic control unit

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile electronic control units, and particularly relates to a fault diagnosis system and method for an automobile electronic control unit.

Background

With the continuous development of the automobile industry, automobile electronic control units are constantly updated, so that the faults of the automobile electronic control units are different from automobile to automobile, diagnosis functions are one of the most basic parts in the development process of the automobile electronic control units, and vehicles are generally provided with hundreds of control ends of the automobile electronic control units.

In the prior art, a fault diagnosis model of an automobile electronic control unit is manually built, but the fault diagnosis model of the automobile electronic control unit has more interface signals, so that on one hand, the workload of engineers is large, on the other hand, errors are easy to occur in the building process, and meanwhile, the working efficiency is low, so that the defects of final software development are quite large.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a fault diagnosis system and method for an automobile electronic control unit, which are used for shortening the fault diagnosis software development period of the automobile electronic control unit and improving the software development quality.

In order to achieve the purpose, the specific technical scheme of the system and the method for diagnosing the fault of the electronic control unit of the automobile is as follows:

in a first aspect, the present application provides a method for diagnosing a fault of an electronic control unit of an automobile, comprising the steps of:

acquiring a detection signal of an automobile electronic control unit, and filling the detection signal into a preset data table;

splitting the data table through fault associated information to obtain a data fragment set, wherein the fault associated information comprises a fault name and a fault level, and data fragments in the data fragment set correspond to a preset fault feedback strategy;

and comparing the current detection signals through the data segments, and determining the fault association information of the detection signals with abnormity.

Optionally, when the data segments of the data segment set correspond to a preset fault feedback policy, obtaining a fault level of fault associated information, and mapping the fault level and the fault feedback policy;

and acquiring a preset fault code according to the fault correlation information, wherein the fault code corresponds to the detection signal, and mapping the fault code and the fault grade.

Optionally, the detection signal is located through the fault code, a corresponding fault level is obtained, and a fault feedback strategy corresponding to the fault level is responded.

Optionally, when the fault cannot be located through the fault code, the relationship between the control performance and the detection signal is judged through the control performance of the fault feedback strategy, and the corresponding detection signal of the electronic control unit of the automobile is obtained.

Optionally, the fault name includes a classification flag, the classification flag corresponds to the detection signal according to a preset classification standard, the classification flag includes a subclass flag, and the detection signal of the same type is classified again according to the subclass flag.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a fault diagnosis system for an electronic control unit of an automobile, comprising:

the preprocessing unit is used for counting detection signals of the automobile electronic control unit;

the fault diagnosis unit is used for analyzing and sorting the acquired detection signals and is in signal connection with the preprocessing unit;

and the fault positioning unit is used for comparing the analysis and arrangement results of the fault diagnosis unit, and the fault diagnosis unit is in signal connection with the fault diagnosis unit.

Optionally, the fault diagnosis unit is provided with a bus transmission channel and a cloud transmission channel, the fault diagnosis unit is in signal connection with the bus transmission channel and the cloud transmission channel respectively, the vehicle body controller acquires the detection signal through the bus transmission channel, and the cloud server acquires the detection signal through the cloud transmission channel.

Optionally, the fault location unit includes a model generation unit, the model generation unit includes a selection interface and a plurality of model interfaces, the selection interface is provided with a plurality of selection buttons, the plurality of model interfaces and the plurality of selection buttons are in one-to-one correspondence, and the selection buttons are in signal connection with the corresponding model interfaces.

Optionally, the model interface includes a data model interface and an image model interface, and the data model interface includes a display window for information of each data segment of the detection signal and a display window for a data processing result.

Optionally, the fault location unit further includes a modeling specification checking subunit, and the selection interface is further provided with a model specification checking button, and the model specification checking button is in signal connection with the model generation unit.

The system and the method for diagnosing the faults of the electronic control unit of the automobile at least have the following advantages: by means of comparing the current fault signals with the data segment sets, fault associated information of abnormal fault signals can be rapidly determined, and therefore development efficiency of an automobile electronic control unit is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for diagnosing a fault of an electronic control unit of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a mapping diagram of a fault level and a fault feedback strategy according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a mapping relationship between fault levels and fault codes according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fault diagnosis system of an automotive electronic control unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a communication connection relationship of a fault diagnosis unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a software interface diagram of an automated diagnostic model generation tool according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The exemplary embodiments described herein are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, for the purposes of better understanding the objects, structure and function of the invention. Descriptions of features or aspects within each exemplary embodiment should generally be considered as available for similar features or aspects in other exemplary embodiments.

The foregoing description is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings to assist in a comprehensive understanding of various embodiments of the invention as defined by the claims. It includes various specific details to assist in this understanding, but these details should be construed as merely exemplary. Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that changes and modifications of the various embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims. Moreover, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions may be omitted for clarity and conciseness.

The terms and words used in the following description and claims are not limited to the written meaning, but are used only by the inventor to allow a clear and consistent understanding of the invention. Accordingly, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the following descriptions of the various embodiments of the present invention are provided for illustration only and not for the purpose of limiting the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the words "comprise" and "contain" and variations of the words, for example "comprising" and "comprises", mean "including but not limited to", and are not intended to (and do not) exclude other components, integers or steps.

Features, integers or characteristics described in conjunction with a particular aspect, embodiment or example of the invention are to be understood to be applicable to any other aspect, embodiment or example described herein unless incompatible therewith.

It is to be understood that the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present invention, the expression "or" comprises any and all combinations of the words listed together. For example, "a or B" may comprise a or B, or may comprise both a and B.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present specification and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

In the software development process of the automobile electronic control unit, software needs to be updated repeatedly for many times, wherein in the software development process, the detection and diagnosis of the automobile electronic control unit are indispensable, the vulnerability of the software development is repaired adaptively through the feedback of the detection result, in the process, the detection data of the automobile electronic control unit can be subjected to statistical modeling, the current modeling mode is manually established, but the detection signals of the automobile electronic control unit are more, so that the workload of an engineer is large, and the error is easy to occur on the other hand, so that the working efficiency is low.

The invention provides a fault diagnosis system and a method for an automobile electronic control unit, which solve the problems existing in manual modeling, can be applied to the development of the automobile electronic control unit, detect each node of the automobile electronic control unit, count detection signals, split and integrate data to generate different data models, pertinently acquire the data models required by development, visually display the fault information and software development loopholes of the automobile electronic control unit through the models, simultaneously, preset a plurality of fault feedback strategies through the feedback of simulation software of the automobile electronic control unit, adopt control strategies of corresponding structures of an automobile when simulating the actual fault of the automobile electronic control unit to ensure the use safety and reliability of the automobile electronic control unit, effectively improve the development quality of the automobile electronic control unit and reduce the error probability in the development process, as shown in fig. 1, the method for diagnosing the electronic control unit of the automobile comprises the following steps:

s1, acquiring a detection signal of the automobile electronic control unit, and filling the detection signal into a preset data table;

s2, splitting the data table through fault associated information to obtain a data fragment set, wherein the fault associated information comprises a fault name and a fault level, and the data fragments in the data fragment set correspond to a preset fault feedback strategy;

s3, comparing the current detection signals through the data segments, and determining the fault associated information of the detection signals with abnormality.

Specifically, in step S1, it is exemplarily explained that a data table is preset, the result of the detection signal is filled in the data table according to the detection result of the fault detection apparatus, a different name is set for each detection signal, a name filling unit of each detection signal and a filling unit corresponding to the detection result of the detection signal are set in the data table, wherein the detection result includes the detection serial number, the fault level and the label of each detection node.

After the data table is counted, splitting and sorting the data in the data table, and processing the split data according to preset conditions, in step S2, illustratively, the splitting tool of the data table may be based on MATLAB software, importing the content of the data table into MATLAB, presetting a splitting basis of the data table in the MATLAB according to the development requirement of the automotive electronic control unit, and splitting the data table into a plurality of data segments according to the splitting basis, where the splitting basis may be splitting according to fault association information, such as splitting according to the type of the detection signal, splitting according to the fault name in the detection signal, and splitting according to the fault level in the detection signal; according to the plurality of splitting results, the contents of different data segments are extracted, and then the expression mode corresponding to the contents of the data segments is set through MATLAB, wherein the expression mode can be a mode of feeding back results after data processing and analysis, and the expression mode can also be a mode of displaying a data model, so that the readability of the data is improved, and the data contents can be conveniently analyzed and sorted.

The data sheet is split to form a data segment set, part of data segments in the data segment set correspond to a preset fault feedback strategy, for example, a fault level corresponds to the fault feedback strategy, a name of a detection signal corresponds to the fault feedback strategy, specifically, when a fault detected in the detection signal reaches a degree corresponding to the fault level, an automotive electronic control unit takes corresponding control measures to reduce the probability of fault expansion and improve the use safety of an automobile, and the fault feedback strategy is taken as a control measure corresponding to the automotive electronic control unit and comprises no processing, prompting, speed limiting, torque limiting, zero torque, range increase forbidding, ADAS (adaptive analysis system) function, delayed power down and emergency power down.

As for the corresponding relationship between the fault level and the preset fault feedback policy, as shown in fig. 2, the exemplary corresponding manner specifically includes: when the fault level is one level, the automobile electronic control unit adopts the control without processing; when the fault level is the second level, the electronic control unit of the automobile adopts the control of system prompt, for example, the liquid crystal display of the automobile prompts or lights a fault lamp; when the fault level is three-level, the automobile electronic control unit adopts the control of speed limit/torque limit/zero torque/range increase prohibition/ADAS prohibition functions and system prompt; when the fault level is four, the automobile electronic control unit adopts delayed power-off control, for example, the automobile electronic control unit is delayed for a period of time, the automobile electronic control unit is powered off after the automobile speed is reduced to be within the safe automobile speed, and system prompt is adopted; when the fault level is five, the automobile electronic control unit adopts emergency power-off control to immediately disconnect the battery relay and adopt system prompt; in the actual development process of the automobile electronic control unit, the software can be adaptively debugged through the fault feedback strategy, so that the use safety and reliability of the automobile electronic control unit are improved.

In order to quickly locate faults and software vulnerabilities, fault association information of fault signals in the detection signals is determined according to data segments obtained by splitting a detection signal data table, in step S3, it is exemplarily illustrated that statistical content and analysis results of the data table are embodied in different data structure forms by combining results of the data segments and multiple expression forms of step S2, for example, the severity of faults is obtained through data segments of fault levels, the frequency of occurrence of certain type of faults in related types is higher through data segments of fault classification, and the like, so that targeted optimization of the associated faults and the software vulnerabilities in the development process is facilitated.

In order to further improve the software development efficiency of the automotive electronic control unit, in some embodiments, a fault code is automatically generated in the fault signal detection process, as shown in fig. 3, as an example, a preset fault code range is 1-1000, the fault code corresponds to a fault occurring in the automotive electronic control unit one to one, and a specific numerical value of the fault code is defined according to the fault signal in the detection signal, meanwhile, the fault code corresponds to a fault level, and when the fault code is 1-50, the corresponding fault level is five levels; when the fault code is 51-150, the corresponding fault grade is four grades; when the fault code is 151-400, the corresponding fault grade is three-grade; when the fault code is 401-700, the corresponding fault grade is two-level, and the corresponding fault code is stored; when the fault code is 701-plus 1000, the corresponding fault grade is one grade, and the corresponding fault code is stored; can the audio-visual appearance through the fault code, the lower the numerical value of fault code the fault level is higher more, at later stage troubleshooting in-process, through car electronic control unit's fault code setting, can shorten troubleshooting scope and time, the staff of being convenient for traces back the fault source fast.

In some embodiments, when the fault cannot be located through the fault code, for example, when the meaning of the fault code cannot be analyzed, the relationship between the control performance and the detection signal may be determined through the control performance of the fault feedback strategy, so as to obtain the fault signal of the corresponding electronic control unit of the vehicle; according to the fault feedback strategy corresponding to the fault signal, when the fault cannot be positioned, the fault associated information of the fault signal is obtained according to the fault feedback strategy made by the vehicle electronic control unit, and meanwhile, whether the fault signal positioned by the fault code is accurate or not can be verified according to the process, so that the error probability is reduced, and the development efficiency is improved.

In order to locate the fault information more quickly, in some embodiments, the fault signals in the plurality of detection signals are classified, the classification standard of the fault signals is preset, so that each fault signal has a corresponding type, the types of the fault signals include a power domain fault, a chassis domain fault, a hardware fault and a low-voltage class fault, a classification flag is set in a fault name associated with the fault signal, for example, a prefix of a detection box signal name of the power domain fault class is set to g _ FDEV.

The fault classification flag includes a subclass flag, where the subclass flag is used to represent the attribute of the fault signal, for example, the attribute of the fault signal is a communication class, the same communication class signal is also represented in the fault name, and the suffix of the communication class fault name is set to MisMsgErr; through the classification setting of the fault signals, when faults and code bugs are checked, the checking range can be quickly and effectively reduced, so that the faults and bugs can be positioned more quickly, and the development efficiency of the automobile electronic control unit is improved.

As shown in fig. 4, a fault diagnosis system for an automotive electronic control unit is provided, which is adapted to the fault diagnosis method for an automotive electronic control unit, and includes:

the preprocessing unit is used for counting detection signals of the automobile electronic control unit;

the fault diagnosis unit is used for analyzing and sorting the acquired detection signals and is in signal connection with the preprocessing unit;

and the fault positioning unit is used for comparing the analysis and arrangement results of the fault diagnosis unit, and the fault diagnosis unit is in signal connection with the fault diagnosis unit.

The preprocessing unit may be a data table established based on the Windows system, and fills the plurality of detection signals into the established data table, and maintains data in the data table.

The fault diagnosis unit can be established based on MATLAB software, the data of the preprocessing unit is imported into the MATLAB, the splitting basis of the data is set in the MATLAB, and the data is split, counted and the like.

The fault positioning unit comprises a model generating unit, the model generating unit comprises a selection interface and a plurality of model interfaces, the plurality of model interfaces are associated with a plurality of data segments, the selection interface and the plurality of model interfaces can be designed based on MATLAB, a plurality of selection buttons are arranged on the selection interface, the selection buttons comprise a fault level button, a fault feedback strategy button, a fault classification statistical button and a fault code button, the model buttons comprise a fault level model, a fault code model, a fault feedback strategy model and a fault classification model, the plurality of selection buttons are in signal connection with the corresponding model interfaces, specifically, the data segments correspond to the results of the fault feedback strategy through the processing of the fault diagnosis unit, the corresponding results are reflected in a model interface mode, the model interfaces comprise a plurality of display windows, and each display window corresponds to different data segment information, and displaying the statistical result of the data segment, for example, by clicking a generation button of the fault level, the fault level and the corresponding fault feedback strategy are presented in a model manner, so that the fault level corresponding to the fault signal in each current detection signal and the fault feedback strategy corresponding to the fault level are rapidly obtained, and the fault model can be embodied in a columnar statistical graph model manner.

In order to improve the normativity and the reliability of the model, in some embodiments, the fault location unit is further provided with a modeling specification checking subunit, a model specification checking button is arranged on the selection interface, the model specification checking button is in signal connection with the model generation unit, the model specification checking button can be clicked to perform normativity checking on each model before the model is generated, and meanwhile, a checking report of the model is generated after the model specification checking button is clicked, wherein the standard of the model specification checking can be designed based on advosor.

As shown in fig. 5, in order to improve the convenience of use of the fault diagnosis system for an electronic control unit of a vehicle, in some embodiments, the fault diagnosis unit is provided with a bus transmission channel and a cloud transmission channel, the fault diagnosis module is respectively connected with the bus transmission channel and the cloud transmission channel in a signal mode, wherein, the vehicle body controller obtains the detection signal through the bus transmission channel, the cloud server obtains the detection signal through the cloud transmission channel, when in use, the detection signal of the automobile electronic control unit and the diagnosis result of the detection signal are transmitted to the automobile body control through the bus transmission channel, the automobile body control correspondingly controls the automobile associated facilities according to the diagnosis result of the detection signal, on the other hand, the detection signal and the diagnosis result of the detection signal are transmitted to the cloud server through the cloud transmission channel, therefore, the detection signal of the vehicle electronic control unit and the diagnosis result of the detection signal can be obtained through the network.

The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

It is to be understood that the present invention has been described with reference to certain embodiments, and that various changes in the features and embodiments, or equivalent substitutions may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A fault diagnosis method for an automobile electronic control unit is characterized by comprising the following steps:

acquiring a detection signal of an automobile electronic control unit, and filling the detection signal into a preset data table;

splitting the data table through fault associated information to obtain a data fragment set, wherein the fault associated information comprises a fault name and a fault level, and data fragments in the data fragment set correspond to a preset fault feedback strategy;

and comparing the current detection signals through the data segments, and determining the fault association information of the detection signals with abnormity.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein when a data segment of the data segment set corresponds to a preset fault feedback strategy, a fault level of fault-associated information is obtained, and the fault level is mapped with the fault feedback strategy;

and acquiring a preset fault code according to the fault correlation information, wherein the fault code corresponds to the detection signal, and mapping the fault code and the fault grade.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the detection signal is located by the fault code, a corresponding fault grade is obtained, and a fault feedback strategy corresponding to the fault grade is responded.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein when the fault cannot be located by the fault code, the relationship between the control performance and the detection signal is determined by the control performance of the fault feedback strategy, and the corresponding detection signal of the electronic control unit of the vehicle is obtained.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fault name includes a classification flag, the classification flag is associated with the detection signal according to a preset classification standard, the classification flag includes a subclass flag, and the detection signal of the same type is classified again according to the subclass flag.

6. A fault diagnosis system for an electronic control unit of an automobile is characterized by comprising

The preprocessing unit is used for counting detection signals of the automobile electronic control unit;

the fault diagnosis unit is used for analyzing and sorting the acquired detection signals and is in signal connection with the preprocessing unit;

and the fault positioning unit is used for comparing the analysis and arrangement results of the fault diagnosis unit, and the fault diagnosis unit is in signal connection with the fault diagnosis unit.

7. The system according to claim 6, wherein the fault diagnosis unit is provided with a bus transmission channel and a cloud transmission channel, the fault diagnosis unit is in signal connection with the bus transmission channel and the cloud transmission channel respectively, the vehicle body controller obtains the detection signal through the bus transmission channel, and the cloud server obtains the detection signal through the cloud transmission channel.

8. The system according to claim 6, wherein the fault locating unit comprises a model generating unit, the model generating unit comprises a selection interface and a plurality of model interfaces, the selection interface is provided with a plurality of selection buttons, the plurality of model interfaces and the plurality of selection buttons are in one-to-one correspondence, and the selection buttons are in signal connection with the corresponding model interfaces.

9. The system according to claim 8, wherein the model interface includes a data model interface and an image model interface, and the data model interface includes a display window for information of each data segment of the detection signal and a display window for data processing results.

10. The system of claim 8, wherein the fault locating unit further comprises a modeling specification checking subunit, and the selection interface is further provided with a model specification checking button in signal connection with the model generating unit.

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