Output irradiation intensity control method for all-weather solar simulatorTechnical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-imaging optics and illumination, in particular to an output irradiation intensity control method for an all-weather solar simulator.
Background
It is known that in the solar simulation technology, since a xenon lamp has a color temperature very close to that of the sun and the spectra of the xenon lamp are very close, the xenon lamp is a light source commonly used in solar simulators. However, the light-emitting principle of the xenon lamp is that the high voltage breakdown between the cathode and the anode discharges plasma after the ionization of the inert gas xenon, and the working mode causes that the xenon lamp must work under higher power, and if the power is too low, the phenomenon of arc flash with unstable light emission can occur, even the lamp is turned off.
The control of the output irradiation intensity of the traditional solar simulator mainly depends on the adjustment of the power supply power of the xenon lamp power supply to control the output irradiation intensity of the solar simulator, and in this state, the solar simulator always works in a higher power section, and a low-power irradiation output section is difficult to achieve, so that all-weather simulation of solar irradiation output is difficult to achieve.
Because of the self-luminous characteristic of the xenon lamp, the low-power xenon lamp is difficult to work and can be realized only by other ways for reducing the energy of output light, and an effective scheme is to control the intensity of output irradiation in a light shielding way at a low-power stage. The xenon lamp works in a stable state, and the irradiation output power is regulated by adding a shading diaphragm in an optical system. However, how to allocate the power supply and the shading degree of the xenon lamp to realize accurate output irradiation intensity is a problem to be solved in the state.
Therefore, it would be a long felt technical need of those skilled in the art how to provide a method for controlling the output irradiance intensity of an all-weather solar simulator.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the background art, the invention provides an output irradiation intensity control method for an all-weather solar simulator, which integrates the output power of a power supply and the shading effect, and mainly adjusts the output power of the power supply in a high-power stage, mainly adjusts the shading effect of an iris diaphragm in a low-power stage, and realizes an accurate irradiation intensity output control effect and the like.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the control method is characterized in that firstly, a system of the solar simulator is calibrated, namely, the system is lighted under different power P and turbine rotation angle theta, standard solar cells or irradiation intensity detection equipment are adopted to detect irradiation intensity E formed on an irradiation surface, and calibrated data are fitted to obtain a fitting function:
E＝f(P,θ)
under the condition of precisely controlling irradiation output, dividing a fitting function into a high-power stage and a low-power stage, in the high-power stage, enabling the aperture of the iris diaphragm mechanism to be maximum, then adjusting irradiation output power by adjusting power supply power, and under the condition of giving irradiation output power E and turbine rotation angle theta, calculating to obtain input data of xenon lamp power supply power P to be provided by back calculation of the fitting function; in the low power stage, under the condition of given irradiation output power E and power supply power P, through inverse calculation of fitting functions, turbine rotation angle parameter theta input data are obtained, so that irradiation intensity output can be accurately controlled in the whole irradiation power output coverage range of the solar simulator.
The solar simulator comprises a simulator frame, a short-arc xenon lamp, a reflective collecting lens, an iris diaphragm mechanism, an optical integrator, a superposition lens, a spectral filter and a turning reflector; the simulator frame is of a rectangular frame structure which is horizontally arranged, the right end face of the rectangular frame and the bottom face are obliquely arranged at an acute angle, and a turning reflector is fixedly arranged in the center of the inner side of the right end face; the short-arc xenon lamp is arranged at the left end of the center of the inner cavity of the simulator frame, the short-arc xenon lamp is connected with the reflective condenser, and the short-arc xenon lamp is used as a light source and is arranged at the focal point position at the right end of the reflective condenser, so that a condensing system is formed by the short-arc xenon lamp and the reflective condenser; the reflection type condensing lens is arranged at the left end of the center of the inner cavity of the simulator frame, sleeved at the center of the connecting plate I and fixed in the inner cavity of the simulator frame through the connecting plate I; the iris diaphragm mechanism is arranged on the right side of the reflective condenser and comprises a mounting bottom plate, a base, curved blades, a slideway ring, a pressing plate, a limit switch and a driving system, and is fixed in an inner cavity of the simulator frame through the mounting bottom plate; the optical integrator is fixedly arranged on a connecting plate II and is fixed in an inner cavity of the simulator frame through the connecting plate II; the spectral filter is arranged on the right side of the superposition lens, is fixedly arranged on a connecting plate III and is fixed in an inner cavity of the simulator frame through the connecting plate III; the optical integrator, the superposition lens, the spectral filter and the turning mirror form a light homogenizing system.
According to the method for controlling the output irradiation intensity of the all-weather solar simulator, the base of the iris diaphragm mechanism is arranged on the mounting bottom plate, the slideway ring is arranged on the base, the curved surface blade lamination is arranged between the base and the slideway ring, the pressing plate is arranged on the upper end face of the slideway ring, the limit switch is arranged on the pressing plate, and the driving system is arranged on the mounting bottom plate outside the slideway ring.
According to the method for controlling the output irradiation intensity of the all-weather solar simulator, the mounting bottom plate is of a rectangular flat plate structure with a round hole in the center; the base fix in the center of mounting plate, the base is the ring structure that longitudinal cross section is T shape, the aperture of ring is unanimous with mounting plate central round hole aperture, be provided with the through-hole of installation curved surface blade on the T shape terminal surface of base, the up end edge equipartition of base sets up three waist shape lug, waist shape lug center is provided with the screw hole of being connected with the clamp plate.
According to the method for controlling the output irradiation intensity of the all-weather solar simulator, the slide ring is of a turbine ring structure with gear teeth on the outer circle, trapezoidal grooves are uniformly distributed on the upper end face of the slide ring along the circumference, radial concave slide ways are uniformly distributed on the lower end face of the slide ring along the circumference, the concave slide ways and the trapezoidal grooves are mutually staggered, three fan-shaped grooves are uniformly distributed on the outer circle edge of the slide ring along the circumference, and the three fan-shaped grooves are in sliding connection with the three kidney-shaped lugs on the end face of the base.
According to the method for controlling the output irradiation intensity of the all-weather solar simulator, the end faces of the two ends of the curved blade are respectively provided with opposite upright posts, the upright posts are provided with small bearings, the small bearings on the upper end face of the curved blade are sequentially arranged in the concave slideway on the lower end face of the slideway ring and are in sliding fit with the concave slideway, and the small bearings on the lower end face of the curved blade are sequentially arranged in the through holes on the base and are in interference fit with the concave slideway.
According to the method for controlling the output irradiation intensity of the all-weather solar simulator, the pressing plate is of an annular flat plate structure, the pressing plate is provided with a limit switch for limiting the rotation angle of the slideway ring, and the pressing plate is fixedly connected with the kidney-shaped protruding block through a bolt.
According to the method for controlling the output irradiation intensity of the all-weather solar simulator, the driving system is fixed on the mounting bottom plate outside the slideway ring and is of a worm structure driven by a motor, and the worm is meshed with gear teeth on the outer diameter of the slideway ring to form a worm and worm wheel motor driving mechanism.
According to the method for controlling the output irradiation intensity of the all-weather solar simulator, the distances among the reflective condenser, the iris diaphragm mechanism, the optical integrator, the superposition lens and the spectral filter are distributed according to design requirements, and the central axes of the iris diaphragm mechanism, the optical integrator, the superposition lens and the spectral filter and the focal center line at the right end of the reflective condenser are on the same axis.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, the fitting function is obtained by collecting and calibrating the data among the input power P of the power supply, the shading effect influence parameter theta of the shading diaphragm and the output irradiation intensity E of the solar simulator, the fitting function is divided into a high power section and a low power section, the power input power P and the shading diaphragm influence system theta are calculated reversely respectively, and the output irradiation intensity and the like of the solar simulator can be controlled with high precision in the coverage range of the output power of the solar simulator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an iris mechanism connection of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a simulator frame of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of a xenon short-arc lamp and a reflective condenser on a connection plate I;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a base of the iris mechanism of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a slideway ring of the iris mechanism of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of the upper end surface of the slideway ring;
FIG. 8 is a schematic front view of the lower end face of the slideway ring;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a curved blade of the iris mechanism of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a platen of the iris mechanism of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a side view of the web I of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a side view of a web II of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a side view of the web III of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the iris mechanism of the present invention with the aperture being the largest;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of an aperture in a blocking state I of the iris mechanism of the invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of an aperture of the variable aperture mechanism in blocking state II of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of an aperture in a blocking state III of the iris mechanism of the invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of an aperture of the variable aperture mechanism in blocking state IV of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a conventional curved optical system design for a solar simulator;
in the figure: 1. a simulator frame; 2. a short arc xenon lamp; 3. a reflective condenser; 4. an iris mechanism; 5. an optical integrator; 6. a superimposing lens; 7. a spectral filter; 8. a turning mirror; 9. a mounting base plate; 10. a base; 11. a slideway ring; 12. curved blades; 13. a pressing plate; 14. a drive system; 15. a limit switch; 16. waist-shaped protruding blocks; 17. a column; 18. a small bearing; 19. a trapezoidal groove; 20. a concave slideway; 21. a fan-shaped groove; 22. a connecting plate I; 23. a connecting plate II; 24, connecting the plate III; 25. and (3) a test piece.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be explained in more detail by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention;
it should be noted that, in describing the structure, the directions or positional relationships indicated by "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The control method is characterized in that firstly, a system of the solar simulator is calibrated, namely, the system is lighted under different power P and turbine rotation angle theta, standard solar cells or irradiation intensity detection equipment are adopted to detect the irradiation intensity E formed on an irradiation surface, and the calibrated data are fitted to obtain a fitting function:
E＝f(P,θ)
under the condition of precisely controlling irradiation output, dividing a fitting function into a high-power stage and a low-power stage, in the high-power stage, enabling the aperture of the iris diaphragm mechanism to be maximum, then adjusting irradiation output power by adjusting power supply power, and under the condition of giving irradiation output power E and turbine rotation angle theta, calculating to obtain input data of xenon lamp power supply power P to be provided by back calculation of the fitting function; in the low power stage, under the condition of given irradiation output power E and power supply power P, through inverse calculation of fitting functions, turbine rotation angle parameter theta input data are obtained, so that irradiation intensity output can be accurately controlled in the whole irradiation power output coverage range of the solar simulator.
In the implementation of the invention, a closed cooling channel is required to be formed in the solar simulator, the iris diaphragm driven by the motor drives the worm gear to shade the system light, the shading effect of the iris diaphragm is completely determined by the angle rotated by the turbine, the shading effect can be represented by the number n of turns rotated by the motor or the angle theta rotated by the turbine, and the shading effect of the iris diaphragm is also determined because the angle rotated by the turbine completely determines the size of the aperture of the iris diaphragm.
The power supply power of the power supply, which affects the key influence factor of the irradiation intensity output by the solar simulator, directly affects the lighting power of the xenon lamp, and can be represented by the parameter power supply power P.
Further, when the invention is implemented, a solar simulator system with a variable light-transmitting aperture shading diaphragm is firstly constructed;
further, the relationship between motor drive and turbine angle is established by an encoder or other means;
further, detecting the power P supplied by different power supplies, the rotation angle theta of different turbines and the irradiation output power E by using a standard solar cell or other power measuring devices;
further, the detection result is fitted to a control function, in the project, different fitting functions are adopted in a high power stage and a low power stage, and in the high power stage, the adopted fitting function forms are as follows: p=a×e12 +b×E1 +c
Wherein:
p-the required power input;
e, the irradiation intensity output by the system;
a, b, c-fitting formula coefficients
In the low power stage, the fitting formula adopted is:
wherein:
θ—the angle the turbine needs to rotate during the low power phase;
e, the irradiation intensity output by the system;
d, e, f, g, h, i-fitting equation coefficients
Furthermore, the invention classifies the irradiation intensity into a high power stage and a low power stage according to the irradiation intensity, and adopts different fitting models according to different power output sizes, thereby determining the power supply power required to be input by the system and the light transmission aperture of the iris diaphragm.
In specific implementation, the solar simulator comprises a simulator frame 1, a short-arc xenon lamp 2, a reflective condenser 3, an iris diaphragm mechanism 4, an optical integrator 5, a superposition lens 6, a spectral filter 7 and a turning reflector 8; the simulator frame 1 is of a rectangular frame structure which is horizontally arranged, the right end face and the bottom face of the rectangular frame are obliquely arranged at an acute angle, and a turning mirror 8 is fixedly arranged in the center of the inner side of the right end face; the short-arc xenon lamp 2 is arranged at the left end of the center of the inner cavity of the simulator frame 1, the short-arc xenon lamp 2 is connected with the reflective condenser 3, and the short-arc xenon lamp 2 is used as a light source and is arranged at the focal point position at the right end of the reflective condenser 3 to form a condensing system; the reflection type condensing lens 3 is arranged at the left end of the center of the inner cavity of the simulator frame 1, the reflection type condensing lens 3 is sleeved at the center of the connecting plate I22, and the reflection type condensing lens 3 is fixed in the inner cavity of the simulator frame 1 through the connecting plate I22; the iris diaphragm mechanism 4 is arranged on the right side of the reflective condenser 3, the iris diaphragm mechanism 4 comprises a mounting bottom plate 9, a base 10, a slideway ring 11, curved blades 12, a pressing plate 13, a driving system 14 and a limit switch 15, and the iris diaphragm mechanism 4 is fixed in the inner cavity of the simulator frame 1 through the mounting bottom plate 9; the optical integrator 5 is connected with the superposition lens 6, the optical integrator 5 and the superposition lens are arranged on the right side of the iris mechanism 4, the optical integrator 5 is fixedly arranged on a connecting plate II 23, and the optical integrator is fixed in the inner cavity of the simulator frame 1 through the connecting plate II 23; the spectral filter 7 is arranged on the right side of the superposition lens 6, the spectral filter 7 is fixedly arranged on the connecting plate III 24, and the spectral filter 7 is fixed in the inner cavity of the simulator frame 1 through the connecting plate III 24; the reflection type condenser 3, the iris mechanism 4, the optical integrator 5, the superposition lens 6 and the spectrum filter 7 are arranged according to the design requirement, the central axes of the iris mechanism 4, the optical integrator 5, the superposition lens 6 and the spectrum filter 7 and the central line of the focus at the right end of the reflection type condenser 3 are arranged on the same axis, and the optical integrator 5, the superposition lens 6, the spectrum filter 7 and the refraction mirror 8 form a light homogenizing system; the inclination angle of the turning mirror 8 fixed on the right end face of the simulator frame 1 is set according to design requirements.
The base 10 of the iris diaphragm mechanism 4 is arranged on the mounting bottom plate 9, the slideway ring 11 is arranged on the base 10, the curved blades 12 are arranged between the base 10 and the slideway ring 11 in a lamination manner, the pressing plate 13 is arranged on the upper end surface of the slideway ring 11, the limit switch 15 is arranged on the pressing plate 13, and the driving system 14 is arranged on the mounting bottom plate 9 outside the slideway ring 11; the mounting bottom plate 9 is of a rectangular flat plate structure with a round hole in the center; the base 10 is fixed at the center of the mounting bottom plate 9, the base 10 is of a circular ring structure with a T-shaped longitudinal cross section, the aperture of an inner hole of the circular ring is consistent with that of a circular hole at the center of the mounting bottom plate 9, through holes for mounting curved blades 12 are formed in the T-shaped end face of the base 10, three kidney-shaped protruding blocks 16 are uniformly distributed on the edge of the upper end face of the base 10, and threaded holes connected with the pressing plate 13 are formed in the center of the kidney-shaped protruding blocks 16; the slide ring 11 is of a turbine ring structure with gear teeth on the outer circle, trapezoid grooves 19 are uniformly distributed on the upper end face of the slide ring 11 along the circumference, radial concave slides 20 are uniformly distributed on the lower end face of the slide ring 11 along the circumference, the concave slides 19 and the trapezoid grooves 20 are mutually staggered, three fan-shaped grooves 21 are uniformly distributed on the outer circle edge of the slide ring 11 along the circumference, the groove width dimension of the fan-shaped grooves 21 is matched with the width dimension of the waist-shaped lugs 16 on the edge of the upper end face of the base 10, and the three fan-shaped grooves 21 are in sliding connection with the three waist-shaped lugs 16 to form a simple guide, so that the slide ring 11 can concentrically rotate relative to the base 10; opposite upright posts 17 are respectively arranged on the end surfaces of the two ends of the curved surface blade 12, and because the curved surface blade 12 is required to rotate around the two upright posts 17 when the aperture is changed, in order to ensure the rotation stability of the curved surface blade 12 after the temperature rises and ensure that the aperture is not blocked, small bearings 18 are arranged on the upright posts 17, the small bearings 18 on the upper end surface of each curved surface blade 12 are sequentially arranged in concave slide ways 19 on the lower end surface of a slide way ring 11 and are in sliding fit with the concave slide ways 19, and the small bearings 18 on the lower end surface of the curved surface blade 12 are sequentially arranged in through holes on a base 10 and are in interference fit with each other; the pressing plate 13 is of an annular flat plate structure, a limit switch 15 for limiting the rotation angle of the slideway ring 11 is arranged on the pressing plate 13 and is used for limiting the rotation angle of the slideway ring 11, so that the opening size of the diaphragm is controlled, and the pressing plate 13 is fixedly connected with the kidney-shaped protruding block 16 through a bolt; the driving system 14 is fixedly connected with the mounting bottom plate 9, the driving system 14 is of a worm structure driven by a motor, and the worm is meshed with gear teeth on the outer diameter of the slideway ring 11 to form a worm and gear motor driving mechanism.
The design principle and specific use of the solar simulator in the invention are as follows: the method comprises the steps of switching on a short-arc xenon lamp 2 and a power supply, starting a power switch, focusing a light source of the short-arc xenon lamp 2 on a focus of a reflective condenser lens 3, reflecting light rays to an iris diaphragm mechanism 4 by the reflective condenser lens 3, regulating the output power of the short-arc xenon lamp 2 in a simulated high-power output range section by regulating the output power of the power supply, starting a driving system 14 of the iris diaphragm mechanism 4 in a low-power stage according to the shading requirement of an optical system, driving a slideway ring 11 to rotate by a motor driving worm, enabling the slideway ring 11 to rotate, enabling a curved surface blade 12 to rotate relative to the center of a hole of a base 10 by rotating the laminated curved surface blade 12, naturally forming a variable aperture, limiting the rotating angle of the slideway ring 11 by sliding between a sector groove 21 on the slideway ring 11 and a waist-shaped lug 16 on the base 10 by a limit switch 15, further controlling the opening size of the aperture, realizing different shading effects and limiting the output power of a solar simulator; the aperture from the iris mechanism 4 passes through the optical integrator 5 and the superposition lens 6, then is filtered by the spectral filter 7, irradiates on the inclined turning mirror 8, is reflected on the test piece 25 at the lower part of the simulator frame 1 by the turning mirror 8, and realizes all-weather solar simulator irradiation simulation of 0-1 suns of sunlight irradiation output by adjusting the output power and the aperture of the iris mechanism 4.
The solar simulator is scientific in design and convenient to operate, the iris diaphragm mechanism is introduced into the solar simulator, the turbine worm mechanism is used for driving the laminated curved blades to rotate, the aperture size of the curved blades is controlled through the limit switch, and the continuously-changing shading diaphragm is constructed.
The invention is not described in detail in the prior art.
The embodiments selected herein for the purposes of disclosing the present invention are presently considered to be suitable, however, it is to be understood that the present invention is intended to include all such variations and modifications as fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention.