CN114301874A - IPv6 address positioning method based on IPv4 address geographical position information and electronic equipment - Google Patents
IPv6 address positioning method based on IPv4 address geographical position information and electronic equipmentDownload PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本公开涉及互联网技术领域，尤其涉及一种基于IPv4地址地理位置信息的IPv6地址定位方法及电子设备。The present disclosure relates to the field of Internet technologies, and in particular, to an IPv6 address location method and electronic device based on IPv4 address geographic location information.
背景技术Background technique
IP地址地理位置定位技术是确定Internet中IP设备的地理位置的方法，IP地址地理位置被广泛用于广告投放、网站分析、智能路由、网络犯罪研究。随着IPv6大规模的部署，IPv6地址地理定位数据库的需求也越来越大，传统IPv4地址地理定位方法在IPv6稀疏的地址空间已经不适用。IP address geolocation technology is a method to determine the geographic location of IP devices on the Internet. IP address geographic location is widely used in advertising, website analysis, intelligent routing, and cybercrime research. With the large-scale deployment of IPv6, the demand for the IPv6 address geolocation database is also increasing, and the traditional IPv4 address geolocation method is no longer applicable in the sparse address space of IPv6.
因此，亟需能够对IPv6地址进行高效的地理定位的方法。Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method capable of efficiently geolocating IPv6 addresses.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
有鉴于此，本公开的目的在于提出一种基于IPv4地址地理位置信息的IPv6地址定位方法及电子设备。In view of this, the purpose of the present disclosure is to propose a method and electronic device for locating an IPv6 address based on the geographic location information of an IPv4 address.
基于上述目的，本公开提供了一种基于IPv4地址地理位置信息的IPv6地址定位方法，包括：Based on the above purpose, the present disclosure provides a method for locating an IPv6 address based on the geographic location information of an IPv4 address, including:
分析IP路由前缀归属自治系统的城市覆盖度，建立IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射；Analyze the city coverage of the autonomous system to which the IP routing prefix belongs, and establish the IPv6 routing prefix-geolocation information mapping;
分析IPv6地址的接口标识中嵌入IPv4地址的特征，建立第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射；Analyze the feature of the IPv4 address embedded in the interface identifier of the IPv6 address, and establish a first IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping;
基于位置语义分析获得IPv6地址反向域名解析字符串涵盖的地理位置信息，建立第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射；Obtain the geographic location information covered by the IPv6 address reverse domain name resolution string based on the location semantic analysis, and establish a second IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping;
基于获取的IPv4地址和IPv6地址同源的关联关系，建立第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射；Establishing a third IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping based on the acquired association relationship between the IPv4 address and the IPv6 address of the same origin;
基于所述IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射、所述第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射、所述第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射和所述第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，创建IPv6地址地理位置库；Create an IPv6 based on the IPv6 routing prefix-geolocation information mapping, the first IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping, the second IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping, and the third IPv6 address-geographical position information mapping Address geolocation database;
将待定位IPv6地址输入所述IPv6地址地理位置库，得到所述待定位IPv6地址对应的地理位置。Inputting the IPv6 address to be located into the IPv6 address geographic location database to obtain the geographic location corresponding to the IPv6 address to be located.
基于相同的目的，本公开还提供了一种电子设备，包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述程序时实现所述的基于IPv4地址地理位置信息的IPv6地址定位方法。Based on the same purpose, the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, when the processor executes the program, the processor implements the based An IPv6 address locating method based on the geographic location information of an IPv4 address.
从上面所述可以看出，本公开提供的基于IPv4地址地理位置信息的IPv6地址定位方法及电子设备，首先通过分析IP路由前缀归属自治系统的城市覆盖度建立IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射，分析IPv6地址的接口标识中嵌入IPv4地址的特征建立第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，基于位置语义分析获得IPv6地址反向解析字符串涵盖的地理位置信息建立第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，基于智能推断获得IPv4地址和IPv6地址同源的关联关系建立第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，然后基于IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射、第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射、第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射和第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，创建IPv6地址地理位置库，最后将待定位IPv6地址输入IPv6地址地理位置库，即可得到所述待定位IPv6地址对应的地理位置；该基于IPv4地址地理位置信息的IPv6地址定位方法，通过分析IP路由前缀归属自治系统的城市覆盖度、IPv6地址的接口标识中嵌入IPv4地址的特征、IP地址反向解析字符串涵盖的地理位置信息，并且获得IPv4地址和IPv6地址同源的关联关系，构建IPv6地址地理位置库，经由该IPv6地址地理位置库获得的IPv6地理位置的粒度较细，且无需探测节点，避免大规模地址扫描、精确度较高。As can be seen from the above, the IPv6 address locating method and electronic device based on IPv4 address geographic location information provided by the present disclosure, first establish an IPv6 routing prefix-geographical location information mapping by analyzing the city coverage of the IP routing prefix home autonomous system, Analyze the features of the IPv4 address embedded in the interface identifier of the IPv6 address to establish a first IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping, and obtain the geographic location information covered by the IPv6 address reverse parsing string based on the location semantic analysis to establish a second IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping , based on intelligent inference to obtain a homologous association between IPv4 addresses and IPv6 addresses to establish a third IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping, and then based on IPv6 routing prefix-geographical location information mapping, the first IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping, the second IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping Address-geographical location information mapping and third IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping, create an IPv6 address geographic location database, and finally input the to-be-located IPv6 address into the IPv6 address geographic location database to obtain the geographic location corresponding to the to-be-located IPv6 address ;The IPv6 address location method based on the geographic location information of the IPv4 address, by analyzing the city coverage of the autonomous system to which the IP routing prefix belongs, the characteristics of the IPv4 address embedded in the interface identifier of the IPv6 address, and the geographic location covered by the reverse resolution string of the IP address. information, and obtain the homologous association relationship between IPv4 addresses and IPv6 addresses, and build an IPv6 address geographic location database. The granularity of the IPv6 geographic location obtained through the IPv6 address geographic location database is finer, and no detection node is required, avoiding large-scale address scanning, High accuracy.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本公开或相关技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或相关技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the present disclosure or related technologies more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present disclosure. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为本公开实施例提供的基于IPv4地址地理位置信息的IPv6地址定位方法流程示意图；1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for locating an IPv6 address based on the geographic location information of an IPv4 address provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图2为本公开实施例提供的IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射的建立流程示例图；FIG. 2 is an example flow chart of establishing an IPv6 routing prefix-geolocation information mapping provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图3为本公开实施例提供的第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射的建立过程示例图；3 is an example diagram of a process of establishing a first IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图4为本公开实施例提供的第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射的建立过程示例图；4 is an example diagram of a process for establishing a second IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图5为本公开实施例提供的第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射的建立过程示例图；5 is an example diagram of a process for establishing a third IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图6为本公开实施例提供的一种更为具体的电子设备硬件结构示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a more specific hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本公开的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，以下结合具体实施例，并参照附图，对本公开进一步详细说明。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, the present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
需要说明的是，除非另外定义，本公开实施例使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开实施例中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure should have the usual meanings understood by those with ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs. "First", "second" and similar words used in the embodiments of the present disclosure do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Comprises" or "comprising" and similar words mean that the elements or things appearing before the word encompass the elements or things recited after the word and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or things.
IP地址地理位置定位技术是确定Internet中IP设备的地理位置的方法，IP地址地理位置被广泛用于广告投放、网站分析、智能路由、网络犯罪研究。随着IPv6大规模的部署，IPv6地址地理定位数据库的需求也越来越大，传统IPv4地址地理定位方法在IPv6稀疏的地址空间已经不适用。IP address geolocation technology is a method to determine the geographic location of IP devices on the Internet. IP address geographic location is widely used in advertising, website analysis, intelligent routing, and cybercrime research. With the large-scale deployment of IPv6, the demand for the IPv6 address geolocation database is also increasing, and the traditional IPv4 address geolocation method is no longer applicable in the sparse address space of IPv6.
传统的IPv6地址的地理位置定位方法主要分为以下三种：Traditional IPv6 address geolocation methods are mainly divided into the following three types:
1)通过对权威数据库和商用数据库中地理位置相关信息的自动化分析获取IPv6地址地理位置信息；1) Obtain IPv6 address geographic location information through automated analysis of geographic location-related information in authoritative databases and commercial databases;
2)通过收集开启定位服务功能的客户端的GPS等信息获取IPv6地址的地理位置；2) Obtain the geographic location of the IPv6 address by collecting the GPS and other information of the client that enables the location service function;
3)通过主动探测的方法，根据时延和地理距离的关系，结合网络拓扑信息推测IP地址的地理位置。3) Through the method of active detection, according to the relationship between the time delay and the geographical distance, combined with the network topology information, the geographical location of the IP address is estimated.
但是，由于权威公开数据库的主要目的是提供互联网资源注册管理，而非IPv6定位，因此仅记录了IPv6相关机构的地理位置属性；另外在商用数据库中，IPv6地理位置定位精度仅在国家级别，并未到达省市。可用的IPv6地址定位的数据库少、信息少。However, since the main purpose of the authoritative public database is to provide Internet resource registration management, rather than IPv6 positioning, only the geographic location attributes of IPv6-related institutions are recorded; in addition, in commercial databases, the accuracy of IPv6 geographic location positioning is only at the national level, and Did not reach the province. There are few databases and little information available for IPv6 address location.
IPv6地址空间大，近年来在飞速发展，全球都在加快其部署，但是IPv6网络稀疏，活跃度低，通过客户端的GPS等信息获得的活跃地址太少。The IPv6 address space is large, and it has been developing rapidly in recent years, and its deployment is accelerating worldwide. However, the IPv6 network is sparse and low in activity, and there are too few active addresses obtained through the client's GPS and other information.
基于网络探测的定位方法需要有大量且地理位置分布均匀的已知地理位置的节点用于探测，但目前没有公开的IPv6探测节点。The positioning method based on network detection requires a large number of nodes with known geographic locations with uniform geographical distribution for detection, but there is currently no public IPv6 detection node.
因此，亟需能够对IPv6地址进行高效的地理定位的方法。Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method capable of efficiently geolocating IPv6 addresses.
为了解决上述问题，本公开提供了一种基于IPv4地址地理位置信息的IPv6地址定位方法及电子设备，该方法包括通过分析IP路由前缀归属自治系统的城市覆盖度建立IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射，分析IPv6地址的接口标识中嵌入IPv4地址的特征建立第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，基于位置语义分析获得IPv6地址反向解析字符串涵盖的地理位置信息建立第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，基于智能推断获得IPv4地址和IPv6地址同源的关联关系建立第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，然后基于IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射、第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射、第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射和第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，创建IPv6地址地理位置库，最后将待定位IPv6地址输入IPv6地址地理位置库，即可得到所述待定位IPv6地址对应的地理位置；该方法可以应用于桌面计算机、移动电脑、手机、平板电脑、计算机、智能可穿戴设备、个人数字助理等，具体不做限定。In order to solve the above problems, the present disclosure provides an IPv6 address location method and electronic device based on IPv4 address geographic location information. The method includes establishing an IPv6 routing prefix-geolocation information mapping by analyzing the city coverage of the IP routing prefix home autonomous system , analyze the feature of the IPv4 address embedded in the interface identifier of the IPv6 address to establish the first IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping, obtain the geographic location information covered by the reverse analysis string of the IPv6 address based on the location semantic analysis and establish the second IPv6 address-geographical location information Mapping, based on intelligent inference to obtain a homologous association between IPv4 addresses and IPv6 addresses to establish a third IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping, and then based on the IPv6 routing prefix-geographical location information mapping, the first IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping, the second The IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping and the third IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping create an IPv6 address geographic location database, and finally input the IPv6 address to be located into the IPv6 address geographic location database to obtain the geographic location corresponding to the to-be-located IPv6 address Location; the method can be applied to desktop computers, mobile computers, mobile phones, tablet computers, computers, smart wearable devices, personal digital assistants, etc., which is not specifically limited.
为了便于理解，下面结合附图对该基于IPv4地址地理位置信息的IPv6地址定位方法进行详细说明。For ease of understanding, the method for locating an IPv6 address based on the geographic location information of an IPv4 address will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
图1为本公开实施例提供的基于IPv4地址地理位置信息的IPv6地址定位方法的流程示意图；如图1所示，该方法可以包括以下步骤：1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for locating an IPv6 address based on the geographic location information of an IPv4 address provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown in FIG. 1 , the method may include the following steps:
S11、分析IP路由前缀归属自治系统的城市覆盖度，建立IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射。S11. Analyze the city coverage of the autonomous system to which the IP routing prefix belongs, and establish an IPv6 routing prefix-geolocation information mapping.
自治系统(Autonomous System，简称AS)是在内部采用同一种内部网关协议和统一的度量值转发数据包，在不同自治系统之间采用外部网关协议转发数据包的一组路由器。自治系统是网络的集合，更确切的说是连接这些网络的路由器的集合，这些路由器由同一管理机构进行管理并采用相同的路由策略，简单地说，自治系统可以被认为是由单个管理实体(如大学、政府、商业组织或其他类型的互联网服务提供商(ISP))管理的一组相互连接的IP网络。每个自治系统可以宣告一个或多个IPv4/IPv6路由前缀。An autonomous system (AS) is a group of routers that forward data packets internally using the same internal gateway protocol and a unified metric, and forward data packets between different autonomous systems using an external gateway protocol. An autonomous system is a collection of networks, more precisely a collection of routers connecting these networks, which are managed by the same governing body and adopt the same routing policy. Simply put, an autonomous system can be thought of as being managed by a single administrative entity ( A set of interconnected IP networks managed by a university, government, commercial organization, or other type of Internet Service Provider (ISP). Each autonomous system can advertise one or more IPv4/IPv6 routing prefixes.
在一些可能的实施方式中，分析IP路由前缀归属自治系统的城市覆盖度，建立IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射，可以包括：通过各自治系统宣告的IPv4路由前缀分别确定各自治系统的覆盖范围，并筛选IPv4路由前缀位于单一城市的自治系统，查询IPv4路由前缀位于单一城市的自治系统对应的IPv6路由前缀，得到IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射。In some possible implementations, analyzing the city coverage of the autonomous system to which the IP routing prefix belongs, and establishing the IPv6 routing prefix-geolocation information mapping, may include: determining the coverage of each autonomous system through the IPv4 routing prefix announced by each autonomous system. , and filter the autonomous systems whose IPv4 routing prefixes are located in a single city, query the IPv6 routing prefixes corresponding to the autonomous systems whose IPv4 routing prefixes are located in a single city, and obtain the IPv6 routing prefix-geolocation information mapping.
作为一种实施方式，分析IP路由前缀归属自治系统的城市覆盖度，建立IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射，可以具体包括：As an implementation manner, the city coverage of the IP routing prefix home autonomous system is analyzed, and the IPv6 routing prefix-geolocation information mapping is established, which may specifically include:
筛选同时宣告IPv4路由前缀与IPv6路由前缀的自治系统；Screening autonomous systems that advertise both IPv4 routing prefixes and IPv6 routing prefixes;
根据IPv4地址地理位置库查询筛选得到的各自治系统中每个IPv4路由前缀的地理位置信息，得到IPv4路由前缀-AS-地理位置信息映射；According to the geographic location information of each IPv4 routing prefix in each autonomous system obtained by querying and filtering the IPv4 address geographic location database, the mapping of IPv4 routing prefix-AS-geographical location information is obtained;
对IPv4路由前缀-AS-地理位置信息映射进行自治系统分类，得到AS-地理位置信息映射；Perform autonomous system classification on IPv4 routing prefix-AS-geographical location information mapping to obtain AS-geographical location information mapping;
基于AS-地理位置信息映射，筛选地理位置信息中仅包括单个城市的自治系统；Based on AS-geographical location information mapping, the geographic location information only includes autonomous systems of a single city;
查询地理位置信息中仅包括单个城市的各自治系统对应的IPv6路由前缀，并根据AS-地理位置信息映射，建立IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射。The query geographic location information only includes the IPv6 routing prefixes corresponding to the respective autonomous systems of a single city, and establishes an IPv6 routing prefix-geographical location information mapping according to the AS-geographical location information mapping.
本公开中，IPv4路由前缀-AS-地理位置信息映射包括IPv4路由前缀、自治系统和基于IPv4地址确定的地理位置信息之间的对应关系。AS-地理位置信息映射包括自治系统和基于IPv4地址确定的地理位置信息之间的对应关系，且在该映射中，每个自治系统的地理位置信息中可能对应1个或多个城市。通过筛选获得仅覆盖单个城市的自治系统，且该自治系统中宣告了IPv6路由前缀，则该自治系统中的IPv6路由前缀与该自治系统覆盖的单个城市对应，即可建立IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射。IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射包括IPv6路由前缀与地理位置信息之间的对应关系。In the present disclosure, the IPv4 routing prefix-AS-geographic location information mapping includes the correspondence between the IPv4 routing prefix, the autonomous system, and the geographic location information determined based on the IPv4 address. The AS-geographic location information mapping includes the correspondence between the autonomous system and the geographic location information determined based on the IPv4 address, and in the mapping, the geographic location information of each autonomous system may correspond to one or more cities. An autonomous system that only covers a single city is obtained through screening, and an IPv6 routing prefix is advertised in the autonomous system, then the IPv6 routing prefix in the autonomous system corresponds to a single city covered by the autonomous system, and an IPv6 routing prefix-geolocation can be established Information Mapping. The IPv6 routing prefix-geolocation information mapping includes the correspondence between IPv6 routing prefixes and geographical location information.
图2为本公开实施例提供的IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射的建立流程示例图；如图2所示，首先筛选同时宣告IPv4和IPv6路由前缀的AS，查询筛选得到的AS中各IPv4路由前缀的地理位置信息得到IPv4路由前缀-AS-地理位置信息映射，然后按照自治系统进行分类得到AS-地理位置信息映射，保留地理位置信息中仅包含单个城市的自治系统，舍弃地理位置信息中包括多个城市的自治系统，最后查询地理位置信息中仅包含单个城市的自治系统对应的IPv6路由前缀，并根据AS-地理位置信息映射，获得IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射。FIG. 2 is an example flow diagram of establishing an IPv6 routing prefix-geolocation information mapping provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown in FIG. 2, firstly, an AS that announces both IPv4 and IPv6 routing prefixes is screened, and each IPv4 route in the AS obtained by the screening is queried. The geographic location information of the prefix is obtained from the IPv4 routing prefix-AS-geographical location information mapping, and then classified according to the autonomous system to obtain the AS-geographical location information mapping. The geographic location information only contains the autonomous system of a single city, and the geographic location information including the geographic location information is discarded. For autonomous systems in multiple cities, the geographic location information only contains the IPv6 routing prefix corresponding to the autonomous system of a single city, and the IPv6 routing prefix-geographical location information mapping is obtained according to the AS-geographical location information mapping.
可以理解的是，通过建立IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射，在获取IPv6地址的路由前缀后，能够快速得到该路由前缀对应的地理位置信息。It can be understood that, by establishing the IPv6 routing prefix-geolocation information mapping, after obtaining the routing prefix of the IPv6 address, the geographical location information corresponding to the routing prefix can be quickly obtained.
S12、分析IPv6地址的接口标识中嵌入IPv4地址的特征，建立第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。S12. Analyze the feature of the IPv4 address embedded in the interface identifier of the IPv6 address, and establish a first IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping.
IPv6地址可以清晰地分成两个部分，即用于网络路由的子网前缀(subnetprefix)和用于子网内寻址的接口标识(interface ID，简称IID)。An IPv6 address can be clearly divided into two parts, namely, a subnet prefix (subnetprefix) for network routing and an interface ID (interface ID, IID for short) for addressing within the subnet.
子网前缀是在进行IPv6组网时，终端用户通过互联网服务提供商(InternetService Provider，ISP)、地区互联网注册管理机构(Regional Internet Registry，RIR)、互联网数字分配机构IANA(The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority)等一层一层分配得来。The subnet prefix is used by end users through Internet Service Provider (ISP), Regional Internet Registry (RIR), Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) during IPv6 networking. Wait for it to be distributed layer by layer.
接口标识为64位，用于标识链路上的接口，在每条链路上接口标识必须唯一。接口标识可以通过自动生成或手工生成的方式获得，通过手工生成的接口标识大致可以分为四类：The interface ID is 64 bits and is used to identify the interface on the link. The interface ID must be unique on each link. Interface identifiers can be obtained by automatic generation or manual generation. Manually generated interface identifiers can be roughly divided into four categories:
1)基于低字节的接口标识生成方案。将接口标识的大部分位都设置为0，只有最后的几字节非零。1) An interface identification generation scheme based on the low byte. Set most bits of the interface identification to 0, only the last few bytes are non-zero.
2)基于IPv4地址的接口标识生成方案。例如，将四字节的IPv4地址作为IID最后四个字节。2) An interface identification generation scheme based on IPv4 addresses. For example, take the four-byte IPv4 address as the last four bytes of the IID.
3)基于服务、端口号的接口标识生成方案。例如，将该服务器端口号和编号本身或者十六进制形式直接嵌入到接口标识中。3) An interface identification generation scheme based on services and port numbers. For example, embed the server port number and number itself or in hexadecimal form directly into the interface identification.
4)基于单词的接口标识生成方案。为了便于记忆，也可以使用基于单词的生成方式。4) A word-based interface identification generation scheme. To facilitate memorization, word-based generation can also be used.
在实际应用中，可以基于对IPv6地址的接口标识的分析，获得IPv6地址的地理位置信息。In practical applications, the geographic location information of the IPv6 address can be obtained based on the analysis of the interface identifier of the IPv6 address.
本公开中，第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射是指通过分析IPv6地址的接口标识中嵌入的IPv4地址的特征建立的IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射包括IPv6地址与地理位置信息之间的对应关系。In the present disclosure, the first IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping refers to an IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping established by analyzing the characteristics of the IPv4 address embedded in the interface identifier of the IPv6 address. The first IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping includes a correspondence between IPv6 addresses and geographic location information.
在一些可能的实施方式中，分析IPv6地址的接口标识中嵌入IPv4地址的特征，建立第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，可以包括：筛选IPv6地址集中基于IPv4地址生成接口标识的IPv6地址，提取筛选得到的各IPv6地址中嵌入的IPv4地址，并确定提取得到的各IPv4地址的地理位置信息，建立第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。In some possible implementation manners, analyzing the feature of the IPv4 address embedded in the interface identifier of the IPv6 address, and establishing the first IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping, may include: screening the IPv6 address in the IPv6 address set for generating the interface identifier based on the IPv4 address, extracting the The IPv4 addresses embedded in the obtained IPv6 addresses are screened, the geographic location information of the extracted IPv4 addresses is determined, and a first IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping is established.
作为一种实施方式，分析IPv6地址的接口标识中嵌入IPv4地址的特征，建立第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，可以具体包括：As an implementation manner, analyzing the feature of the IPv4 address embedded in the interface identifier of the IPv6 address, and establishing the first IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping, may specifically include:
获取IPv6地址集；Get IPv6 address set;
分析IPv6地址集中各IPv6地址的接口标识的生成方式；Analyze the generation method of the interface identifier of each IPv6 address in the IPv6 address set;
筛选IPv6地址集中接口标识为基于IPv4地址编码的IPv6地址；Screening the IPv6 address centralized interface identifier as the IPv6 address based on the IPv4 address encoding;
提取筛选得到的各IPv6地址的接口标识中嵌入的IPv4地址；Extracting the IPv4 address embedded in the interface identifier of each IPv6 address obtained by screening;
基于IPv4地址地理位置库确定提取得到的各IPv4地址的地理位置信息，建立第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。The extracted geographic location information of each IPv4 address is determined based on the IPv4 address geographic location database, and a first IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping is established.
本公开中，可以从包含IPv6地址的公开数据源中抽取IPv6地址形成IPv6地址集。获取IPv6地址集后，可以根据其中各IPv6地址的接口标识的特点分析出接口标识的构成模式，判断各IPv6的接口标识是否是基于IPv4地址编码生成。In the present disclosure, an IPv6 address set can be formed by extracting an IPv6 address from a public data source containing an IPv6 address. After the IPv6 address set is obtained, the composition mode of the interface identifiers can be analyzed according to the characteristics of the interface identifiers of each IPv6 address, and it is determined whether each IPv6 interface identifier is generated based on the IPv4 address encoding.
图3为本公开实施例提供的第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射的建立过程示例图；如图3所示，首先收集现有公开的IPv6地址形成IPv6地址集，然后分析各IPv6地址的IID的生成方法，提取基于IPv4地址编码生成IID的IPv6地址，然后提取IID中嵌入的IPv4地址，查询IPv4地址地理位置库确定提取到的各IPv4地址的地理位置信息，形成第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。Fig. 3 is an example diagram of the establishment process of the first IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown in Fig. 3, firstly collect the existing public IPv6 addresses to form an IPv6 address set, and then analyze the IID of each IPv6 address The generation method, extract the IPv6 address that generates IID based on IPv4 address coding, then extract the IPv4 address embedded in the IID, query the IPv4 address geographic location database to determine the geographic location information of each IPv4 address extracted, form the first IPv6 address-geographical location Information Mapping.
可以理解的是，通过分析IPv6地址的接口标识中嵌入的IPv4地址的特征建立IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，丰富了IPv6地址地理位置库。It can be understood that the IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping is established by analyzing the characteristics of the IPv4 address embedded in the interface identifier of the IPv6 address, thereby enriching the IPv6 address geographic location database.
S13、基于位置语义分析获得IPv6地址反向域名解析字符串涵盖的地理位置信息，建立第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。S13. Obtain geographic location information covered by the reverse domain name resolution string of the IPv6 address based on the location semantic analysis, and establish a second IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping.
域名系统(DNS)是互联网不可分割的一部分。DNS域名解析服务是用于解析域名与IP地址对应关系的服务，功能上可以实现正向解析与反向解析。The Domain Name System (DNS) is an integral part of the Internet. The DNS domain name resolution service is a service used to resolve the correspondence between domain names and IP addresses, and can implement forward resolution and reverse resolution in function.
正向域名解析就是把域名指向网站所在服务器的IP，让人们通过注册的域名可以访问到网站。IP地址是网络上标识服务器的数字地址，为了方便记忆，使用域名来代替IP地址。域名解析就是域名到IP地址的转换过程，域名的解析工作由DNS服务器完成。DNS服务器会把域名解析到一个IP地址，然后在此IP地址的主机上将一个子目录与域名绑定。域名解析时会添加解析记录，这些记录有：A记录、AAAA记录、CNAME记录、MX记录、NS记录、TXT记录、SRV记录、URL转发。其中A记录将域名指向一个IPv4地址，AAAA记录将域名指向一个IPv6地址。Forward domain name resolution is to point the domain name to the IP of the server where the website is located, so that people can access the website through the registered domain name. An IP address is a numerical address that identifies a server on the network. For the convenience of memory, a domain name is used instead of an IP address. Domain name resolution is the process of converting a domain name to an IP address, and the domain name resolution is done by a DNS server. The DNS server resolves the domain name to an IP address, and then binds a subdirectory to the domain name on the host at this IP address. Resolution records are added during domain name resolution. These records include: A record, AAAA record, CNAME record, MX record, NS record, TXT record, SRV record, and URL forwarding. The A record points the domain name to an IPv4 address, and the AAAA record points the domain name to an IPv6 address.
反向域名解析(Reverse DNS，简称rDNS)，负责解析IPv4或IPv6地址对应的主机名。rDNS通过查询IP地址的PTR记录来得到该IP地址指向的域名。DNS PTR记录，也称为指针记录或反向DNS记录，是用于存储与IP地址关联的域名或主机名，DNS PTR记录将主机名或域名与IP地址连接起来。Reverse DNS (rDNS for short) is responsible for resolving host names corresponding to IPv4 or IPv6 addresses. rDNS obtains the domain name pointed to by the IP address by querying the PTR record of the IP address. DNS PTR records, also known as pointer records or reverse DNS records, are used to store domain names or hostnames associated with IP addresses, and DNS PTR records connect hostnames or domain names with IP addresses.
反向域名解析的主机名通常用于命名和描述组成互联网的底层物理基础设施，可以从rDNS主机名中提取主机所在的城市、州、国家等地理位置信息以及物理连接特性信息等等。例如：主机名adsl-42.wallingford.ct.bigisp.us中Wallingford对应沃林福德镇，ct对应Connecticut康涅狄格州，us对应美国。The hostname of reverse domain name resolution is usually used to name and describe the underlying physical infrastructure that constitutes the Internet. The geographic location information such as the city, state, and country where the host is located, as well as physical connection characteristics information, etc., can be extracted from the rDNS hostname. For example, in the hostname adsl-42.wallingford.ct.bigisp.us, Wallingford corresponds to the town of Wallingford, ct corresponds to Connecticut, and us corresponds to the United States.
在实际应用中，可以基于对IP地址的反向域名解析得到该IP地址对应的地理位置信息；则，在一些可能的实施方式中，基于位置语义分析获得IPv6地址反向域名解析字符串涵盖的地理位置信息，建立第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，可以包括：探测IPv6地址集中各IPv6地址的路由路径，并将探测到的各路由路径中的每跳IPv6地址汇总去重后进行反向域名解析得到其对应的主机名字符串，确定解析得到的各主机名字符串的位置信息，建立第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。In practical applications, the geographic location information corresponding to the IP address can be obtained based on the reverse domain name resolution of the IP address; then, in some possible implementations, the reverse domain name resolution string of the IPv6 address is obtained based on location semantic analysis. Geographical location information, establishing a second IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping, which may include: detecting the routing paths of each IPv6 address in the IPv6 address set, and summarizing the IPv6 addresses of each hop in the detected routing paths and removing duplicates and performing a reverse operation The domain name is parsed to obtain its corresponding host name string, the location information of each host name string obtained by the analysis is determined, and a second IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping is established.
作为一种实施方式，基于位置语义分析获得IPv6地址反向域名解析字符串涵盖的地理位置信息，建立第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，具体可以包括：As an embodiment, the geographic location information covered by the reverse domain name resolution string of the IPv6 address is obtained based on the location semantic analysis, and a second IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping is established, which may specifically include:
获取IPv6地址集；Get IPv6 address set;
对IPv6地址集中的各IPv6地址进行路由路径探测；Perform routing path detection on each IPv6 address in the IPv6 address set;
将探测到的各路由路径中的每跳IPv6地址汇总去重后进行反向域名解析得到其对应的rDNS主机名字符串，建立IPv6地址-rDNS主机名映射；After summarizing and deduplicating the IPv6 addresses of each hop in the detected routing paths, perform reverse domain name resolution to obtain the corresponding rDNS hostname string, and establish IPv6 address-rDNS hostname mapping;
对IPv6地址-rDNS主机名映射中的各rDNS主机名字符串进行位置语义分析，得到rDNS主机名对应的地理位置信息，建立第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。Perform location semantic analysis on each rDNS hostname string in the IPv6 address-rDNS hostname mapping, obtain geographic location information corresponding to the rDNS hostname, and establish a second IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping.
本公开中，首先获得包含多个IPv6地址的IPv6地址集，然后通过对各IPv6地址进行路由路径探测得到多条路由路径；在实际应中，由于每条路由路径中可能包括除IPv6地址集中含有的IPv6地址之外的其他多跳IPv6地址，则通过对各路由路径进行探测分别可以得到多跳IPv6地址。并且，通过探测每条路由路径所得到的IPv6地址中可能有重复，则需要将获得的所有跳IPv6地址汇总去重。In the present disclosure, an IPv6 address set containing multiple IPv6 addresses is obtained first, and then multiple routing paths are obtained by performing routing path detection on each IPv6 address; If the multi-hop IPv6 address is other than the IPv6 address, the multi-hop IPv6 address can be obtained by detecting each routing path. In addition, since there may be duplicates in the IPv6 addresses obtained by detecting each routing path, all the obtained hop IPv6 addresses need to be summarized and deduplicated.
本公开中，第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射是指通过获取IPv6地址的反向域名解析字符串涵盖的地理位置信息建立的IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射包括IPv6地址与地理位置信息之间的对应关系。IPv6地址-rDNS主机名映射包括IPv6地址和rDNS主机名的对应关系。In the present disclosure, the second IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping refers to an IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping established by acquiring the geographic location information covered by the reverse domain name resolution string of the IPv6 address. The second IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping includes the correspondence between IPv6 addresses and geographical location information. The IPv6 address-rDNS hostname mapping includes the correspondence between IPv6 addresses and rDNS hostnames.
本公开中对rDNS主机名字符串进行位置语义分析时可以采用如下方法进行：In the present disclosure, the location semantic analysis of the rDNS hostname string can be performed by the following methods:
1)筛除不符合互联网主机命名规则的rDNS主机名；1) Screen out rDNS hostnames that do not conform to the Internet host naming rules;
2)根据公共域名列表筛除非有效后缀的主机名；2) Screen hostnames with non-valid suffixes according to the list of public domain names;
3)将rDNS主机名由ASCII编码转为Unicode编码；3) Convert the rDNS hostname from ASCII encoding to Unicode encoding;
4)分离子域名，形成IPv6地址-子域名对；4) Separate subdomain names to form IPv6 address-subdomain name pairs;
5)根据“.”、“连字符”、“字母与数字对转换”拆分子域名，形成与IPv6地址对应的列表，并去除列表中的数字、与连接特性相关的元素；5) split subdomain names according to ".", "hyphen", "letter and number pair conversion", form a list corresponding to the IPv6 address, and remove numbers in the list, elements relevant to the connection characteristics;
6)对列表进行地理位置信息的规则匹配(匹配规则含有多种，如城市名、城市名+国家、城市首字母缩写、城市别名、城市连续字母等)，获取rDNS主机名对应的地理位置，形成IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。在实际应用中，可以采用多种匹配规则，例如，城市名、城市名+国家、城市首字母缩写、城市别名、城市连续字母等，具体不做限定。6) Match the rules of geographic location information on the list (there are many matching rules, such as city name, city name + country, city acronym, city alias, city consecutive letters, etc.), and obtain the geographic location corresponding to the rDNS host name, An IPv6 address-geolocation information map is formed. In practical applications, various matching rules may be used, for example, city name, city name + country, city acronym, city alias, city consecutive letters, etc., which are not specifically limited.
图4为本公开实施例提供的第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射的建立过程示例图；如图4所示，首先对IPv6地址进行路由路径探测，提取IPv6地址的路由路径中的每跳IPv6，去重，然后对去重后得到的各跳进行反向域名解析，舍弃不含有rDNS主机名的IPv6地址，保留有rDNS主机名的IPv6地址形成IPv6地址-rDNS主机名映射；然后提取IPv6地址-rDNS主机名映射中包含的各rDNS主机名字符串中的地理位置信息以得到rDNS主机名对应的地理位置信息，形成第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。FIG. 4 is an example diagram of the establishment process of the second IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown in FIG. 4 , firstly, a routing path detection is performed on the IPv6 address, and each hop IPv6 in the routing path of the IPv6 address is extracted. , remove duplicates, then perform reverse domain name resolution for each hop obtained after duplicate removal, discard IPv6 addresses that do not contain rDNS hostnames, and retain IPv6 addresses with rDNS hostnames to form IPv6 address-rDNS hostname mapping; then extract IPv6 addresses - The geographic location information in each rDNS hostname string included in the rDNS hostname mapping to obtain geographic location information corresponding to the rDNS hostname, forming a second IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping.
其中提取各rDNS主机名字符串中的地理位置信息的过程如下：去除不遵守互联网主机命名规则的域名，并且去除无公共前缀列表定义的有效后缀的域名，然后将rDNS主机名由ASCII编码转为Unicode编码，分离出子域名，形成IPv6地址-子域名对，根据“.”、“连字符”、“字母与数字对转换”拆分IPv6地址-子域名对中的子域名，形成与IPv6地址对应的列表，并将列表中的数字、与连接特性相关的元素去除，最后列表进行地理位置信息的规则匹配获取rDNS主机名对应的地理位置信息。The process of extracting the geographic location information in each rDNS hostname string is as follows: remove domain names that do not comply with Internet host naming rules, and remove domain names without valid suffixes defined by the public prefix list, and then convert the rDNS hostname from ASCII encoding to Unicode encoding, separates the subdomain name to form an IPv6 address-subdomain name pair, and splits the subdomain name in the IPv6 address-subdomain name pair according to ".", "hyphen", and "letter-number pair conversion" to form the same IPv6 address. The corresponding list is removed, and the numbers in the list and the elements related to the connection characteristics are removed, and finally the list performs the rule matching of the geographic location information to obtain the geographic location information corresponding to the rDNS host name.
可以理解的是，通过获取IPv6地址的反向域名解析字符串涵盖的地理位置信息建立IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，丰富了IPv6地址地理位置库的内容。It can be understood that the IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping is established by acquiring the geographic location information covered by the reverse domain name resolution string of the IPv6 address, which enriches the content of the IPv6 address geographic location database.
S14、基于获取的IPv4地址和IPv6地址同源的关联关系，建立第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。S14. Establish a third IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping based on the acquired association relationship between the IPv4 address and the IPv6 address of the same origin.
在实际应用中，由于在IPv4在IPv6的过渡过程中，IPv4和IPv6地址配置在同一台主机上是一种常见现象，所以可以根据IPv4地址和IPv6地址的同源性建立第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。In practical applications, since it is a common phenomenon that IPv4 and IPv6 addresses are configured on the same host during the transition from IPv4 to IPv6, a third IPv6 address can be established based on the homology of IPv4 addresses and IPv6 addresses-Geography Location information map.
在一些可能的实施方式中，基于获取的IPv4地址和IPv6地址同源的关联关系，建立第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，可以包括：对IPv4rDNS数据集中各IPv4地址对应的rDNS主机名进行AAAA记录查询，获取各IPv4地址同源的IPv6地址，确定各IPv4地址的地理位置信息，建立第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。In some possible implementations, establishing a third IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping based on the acquired association relationship between the IPv4 address and the IPv6 address as the same source may include: performing AAAA on the rDNS hostname corresponding to each IPv4 address in the IPv4 rDNS data set Record query, obtain IPv6 addresses of the same source of each IPv4 address, determine geographic location information of each IPv4 address, and establish a third IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping.
作为一种实施方式，基于获取的IPv4地址和IPv6地址同源的关联关系，建立第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，具体包括：As an embodiment, a third IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping is established based on the obtained association relationship between the IPv4 address and the IPv6 address, which specifically includes:
获取IPv4rDNS数据集；Get the IPv4rDNS dataset;
查询IPv4rDNS数据集中各IPv4地址对应的rDNS主机名的AAAA记录，筛选存在IPv6地址的AAAA记录，得到IPv4地址-IPv6地址-rDNS主机名映射；Query the AAAA record of the rDNS host name corresponding to each IPv4 address in the IPv4rDNS data set, filter the AAAA record of the IPv6 address, and obtain the IPv4 address-IPv6 address-rDNS hostname mapping;
基于IPv4地址地理位置库，查询各IPv4地址的地理位置信息；Based on the IPv4 address geographic location database, query the geographic location information of each IPv4 address;
基于IPv4地址-IPv6地址-rDNS主机名映射和各IPv4地址的地理位置信息，建立第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。Based on the IPv4 address-IPv6 address-rDNS hostname mapping and the geographic location information of each IPv4 address, a third IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping is established.
本公开中，第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射是指基于IPv4地址和IPv6地址同源的关联关系建立的IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射包括IPv6地址和地理位置信息的对应关系。In the present disclosure, the third IPv6 address-geo-location information mapping refers to an IPv6 address-geo-location information mapping established based on the same-origin association between IPv4 addresses and IPv6 addresses. The third IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping includes the correspondence between IPv6 addresses and geographic location information.
在实际应用中，IPv4rDNS数据集可以由相关数据网站中获得，例如可以从Rapid7网站中获得IPv4rDNS数据集，具体不做限定。In practical applications, the IPv4rDNS data set can be obtained from a relevant data website, for example, the IPv4rDNS data set can be obtained from the Rapid7 website, which is not specifically limited.
IPv4地址-IPv6地址-rDNS主机名映射是指IPv4地址、IPv6地址和rDNS主机名的对应关系。The IPv4 address-IPv6 address-rDNS hostname mapping refers to the correspondence between IPv4 addresses, IPv6 addresses, and rDNS hostnames.
图5为本公开实施例提供的IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射的建立过程示例图；如图5所示，首先在Rapid7上获取IPv4rDNS数据集，查找各IPv4地址对应的rDNS主机名的AAAA记录，舍弃没有对应的IPv6地址的AAAA记录，保留有对应的IPv6地址的AAAA记录，形成IPv4地址-IPv6地址-rDNS主机名映射；然后查询IPv4地址的地理位置信息，结合IPv4地址-IPv6地址-rDNS主机名映射，形成第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。Fig. 5 is an example diagram of the establishment process of the IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown in Fig. 5, first obtain the IPv4 rDNS data set on Rapid7, and look up the AAAA record of the rDNS host name corresponding to each IPv4 address, Discard the AAAA record without the corresponding IPv6 address, keep the AAAA record with the corresponding IPv6 address, and form the IPv4 address-IPv6 address-rDNS hostname mapping; then query the geographic location information of the IPv4 address, combine the IPv4 address-IPv6 address-rDNS host Name mapping to form a third IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping.
可以理解的是，通过基于IPv4地址和IPv6地址同源的关联关系建立IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，进一步丰富了IPv6地址地理位置库，利于IPv6地址的定位。It can be understood that, by establishing the IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping based on the homologous association between the IPv4 address and the IPv6 address, the IPv6 address geographic location database is further enriched, which is beneficial to the positioning of the IPv6 address.
S15、基于IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射、第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射、第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射和第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，创建IPv6地址地理位置库。S15. Create an IPv6 address geographic location database based on the IPv6 routing prefix-geographical location information mapping, the first IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping, the second IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping, and the third IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping.
S16、将待定位IPv6地址输入IPv6地址地理位置库，得到待定位IPv6地址对应的地理位置。S16. Input the IPv6 address to be located into the IPv6 address geographic location database to obtain the geographic location corresponding to the IPv6 address to be located.
可以理解的是，该基于IPv4地址地理位置信息的IPv6地址定位方法，通过分析IP路由前缀归属自治系统的城市覆盖度、IPv6地址的接口标识中嵌入IPv4地址的特征、IP地址反向解析字符串涵盖的地理位置信息，并且获得IPv4地址和IPv6地址同源的关联关系，构建IPv6地址地理位置库，经由该IPv6地址地理位置库获得的IPv6地理位置的粒度较细，且无需探测节点，避免大规模地址扫描、精确度较高。It can be understood that, the IPv6 address location method based on the geographic location information of the IPv4 address, by analyzing the city coverage of the autonomous system to which the IP routing prefix belongs, the feature of the IPv4 address embedded in the interface identifier of the IPv6 address, and the reverse analysis string of the IP address. The geographic location information covered, and the association relationship between the IPv4 address and the IPv6 address is obtained, and the IPv6 address geographic location database is constructed. Large-scale address scanning, high accuracy.
需要说明的是，本公开实施例的方法可以由单个设备执行，例如一台计算机或服务器等。本实施例的方法也可以应用于分布式场景下，由多台设备相互配合来完成。在这种分布式场景的情况下，这多台设备中的一台设备可以只执行本公开实施例的方法中的某一个或多个步骤，这多台设备相互之间会进行交互以完成所述的方法。It should be noted that, the methods of the embodiments of the present disclosure may be executed by a single device, such as a computer or a server. The method in this embodiment can also be applied in a distributed scenario, and is completed by the cooperation of multiple devices. In the case of such a distributed scenario, one device among the multiple devices may only perform one or more steps in the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the multiple devices will interact with each other to complete all the steps. method described.
需要说明的是，上述对本公开的一些实施例进行了描述。其它实施例在所附权利要求书的范围内。在一些情况下，在权利要求书中记载的动作或步骤可以按照不同于上述实施例中的顺序来执行并且仍然可以实现期望的结果。另外，在附图中描绘的过程不一定要求示出的特定顺序或者连续顺序才能实现期望的结果。在某些实施方式中，多任务处理和并行处理也是可以的或者可能是有利的。It should be noted that some embodiments of the present disclosure are described above. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the above-described embodiments and still achieve desirable results. Additionally, the processes depicted in the figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.
基于同一发明构思，与上述任意实施例方法相对应的，本公开还提供了一种电子设备，包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述程序时实现上任意一实施例所述的基于IPv4地址地理位置信息的IPv6地址定位方法。Based on the same inventive concept and corresponding to any of the above-mentioned embodiments, the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, the processor When the program is executed, the method for locating an IPv6 address based on the geographic location information of an IPv4 address described in any one of the above embodiments is implemented.
图6示出了本实施例所提供的一种更为具体的电子设备硬件结构示意图，该设备可以包括：处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030、通信接口1040和总线1050。其中处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030和通信接口1040通过总线1050实现彼此之间在设备内部的通信连接。FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a more specific hardware structure of an electronic device provided in this embodiment. The device may include: a
处理器1010可以采用通用的CPU(Central Processing Unit，中央处理器)、微处理器、应用专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、或者一个或多个集成电路等方式实现，用于执行相关程序，以实现本说明书实施例所提供的技术方案。The
存储器1020可以采用ROM(Read Only Memory，只读存储器)、RAM(Random AccessMemory，随机存取存储器)、静态存储设备，动态存储设备等形式实现。存储器1020可以存储操作系统和其他应用程序，在通过软件或者固件来实现本说明书实施例所提供的技术方案时，相关的程序代码保存在存储器1020中，并由处理器1010来调用执行。The memory 1020 may be implemented in the form of a ROM (Read Only Memory, read only memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory, random access memory), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, and the like. The memory 1020 may store an operating system and other application programs. When implementing the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this specification through software or firmware, the relevant program codes are stored in the memory 1020 and invoked by the
输入/输出接口1030用于连接输入/输出模块，以实现信息输入及输出。输入输出/模块可以作为组件配置在设备中(图中未示出)，也可以外接于设备以提供相应功能。其中输入设备可以包括键盘、鼠标、触摸屏、麦克风、各类传感器等，输出设备可以包括显示器、扬声器、振动器、指示灯等。The input/
通信接口1040用于连接通信模块(图中未示出)，以实现本设备与其他设备的通信交互。其中通信模块可以通过有线方式(例如USB、网线等)实现通信，也可以通过无线方式(例如移动网络、WIFI、蓝牙等)实现通信。The
总线1050包括一通路，在设备的各个组件(例如处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030和通信接口1040)之间传输信息。
需要说明的是，尽管上述设备仅示出了处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030、通信接口1040以及总线1050，但是在具体实施过程中，该设备还可以包括实现正常运行所必需的其他组件。此外，本领域的技术人员可以理解的是，上述设备中也可以仅包含实现本说明书实施例方案所必需的组件，而不必包含图中所示的全部组件。It should be noted that although the above device only shows the
上述实施例的电子设备用于实现前述任一实施例中相应的基于IPv4地址地理位置信息的IPv6地址定位方法，并且具有相应的方法实施例的有益效果，在此不再赘述。The electronic device in the above embodiment is used to implement the corresponding IPv6 address location method based on the geographic location information of the IPv4 address in any of the foregoing embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
需要说明的是，本公开的实施例还可以以下方式进一步描述：It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure can also be further described in the following ways:
一种基于IPv4地址地理位置信息的IPv6地址定位方法，包括：A method for locating an IPv6 address based on the geographic location information of an IPv4 address, comprising:
分析IP路由前缀归属自治系统的城市覆盖度，建立IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射；Analyze the city coverage of the autonomous system to which the IP routing prefix belongs, and establish the IPv6 routing prefix-geolocation information mapping;
分析IPv6地址的接口标识中嵌入IPv4地址的特征，建立第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射；Analyze the feature of the IPv4 address embedded in the interface identifier of the IPv6 address, and establish a first IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping;
基于位置语义分析获得IPv6地址反向域名解析字符串涵盖的地理位置信息，建立第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射；Obtain the geographic location information covered by the IPv6 address reverse domain name resolution string based on the location semantic analysis, and establish a second IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping;
基于获取的IPv4地址和IPv6地址同源的关联关系，建立第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射；Establishing a third IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping based on the acquired association relationship between the IPv4 address and the IPv6 address of the same origin;
基于所述IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射、所述第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射、所述第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射和所述第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，创建IPv6地址地理位置库；Create an IPv6 based on the IPv6 routing prefix-geolocation information mapping, the first IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping, the second IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping, and the third IPv6 address-geographical position information mapping Address geolocation database;
将待定位IPv6地址输入所述IPv6地址地理位置库，得到所述待定位IPv6地址对应的地理位置。Inputting the IPv6 address to be located into the IPv6 address geographic location database to obtain the geographic location corresponding to the IPv6 address to be located.
可选地，所述分析IP路由前缀归属自治系统的城市覆盖度，建立IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射，包括：Optionally, the analysis of the city coverage of the IP routing prefix home autonomous system, and the establishment of an IPv6 routing prefix-geolocation information mapping, including:
通过各自治系统宣告的IPv4路由前缀分别确定各自治系统的覆盖范围，并筛选IPv4路由前缀位于单一城市的自治系统，查询IPv4路由前缀位于单一城市的自治系统对应的IPv6路由前缀，得到IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射。Determine the coverage of each autonomous system based on the IPv4 routing prefix announced by each autonomous system, filter the autonomous systems whose IPv4 routing prefix is located in a single city, query the IPv6 routing prefix corresponding to the autonomous system whose IPv4 routing prefix is located in a single city, and obtain the IPv6 routing prefix - Geolocation information mapping.
可选地，所述分析IP路由前缀归属自治系统的城市覆盖度，建立IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射，具体包括：Optionally, the analysis of the city coverage of the IP routing prefix home autonomous system, and the establishment of an IPv6 routing prefix-geographic location information mapping, specifically includes:
筛选同时宣告IPv4路由前缀与IPv6路由前缀的自治系统；Screening autonomous systems that advertise both IPv4 routing prefixes and IPv6 routing prefixes;
根据IPv4地址地理位置库查询筛选得到的各自治系统中每个IPv4路由前缀的地理位置信息，得到IPv4路由前缀-AS-地理位置信息映射；According to the geographic location information of each IPv4 routing prefix in each autonomous system obtained by querying and filtering the IPv4 address geographic location database, the mapping of IPv4 routing prefix-AS-geographical location information is obtained;
对所述IPv4路由前缀-AS-地理位置信息映射进行自治系统分类，得到AS-地理位置信息映射；Perform autonomous system classification on the IPv4 routing prefix-AS-geographical location information mapping to obtain AS-geographical location information mapping;
基于所述AS-地理位置信息映射，筛选地理位置信息中仅包括单个城市的自治系统；Based on the AS-geographic location information mapping, the geographic location information only includes autonomous systems of a single city;
查询地理位置信息中仅包括单个城市的各自治系统对应的IPv6路由前缀，并根据所述AS-地理位置信息映射，建立IPv6路由前缀-地理位置信息映射。The query geographic location information only includes the IPv6 routing prefixes corresponding to the respective autonomous systems of a single city, and according to the AS- geographic location information mapping, an IPv6 routing prefix- geographic location information mapping is established.
可选地，所述分析IPv6地址的接口标识中嵌入IPv4地址的特征，建立第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，包括：Optionally, the feature of the IPv4 address embedded in the interface identifier of the analysis IPv6 address is established, and the first IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping is established, including:
筛选IPv6地址集中基于IPv4地址生成接口标识的IPv6地址，提取筛选得到的各IPv6地址中嵌入的IPv4地址，并确定提取得到的各IPv4地址的地理位置信息，建立第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。Screening the IPv6 addresses in the IPv6 address set based on the IPv4 addresses to generate the IPv6 addresses of the interface identifiers, extracting the IPv4 addresses embedded in the IPv6 addresses obtained by screening, and determining the geographic location information of the extracted IPv4 addresses, and establishing a first IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping .
可选地，所述分析IPv6地址的接口标识中嵌入IPv4地址的特征，建立第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，具体包括：Optionally, the feature of the embedded IPv4 address in the interface identifier of the analysis IPv6 address, and the establishment of the first IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping, specifically includes:
获取IPv6地址集；Get IPv6 address set;
分析所述IPv6地址集中各IPv6地址的接口标识的生成方式；Analyze the generation mode of the interface identifier of each IPv6 address in the described IPv6 address set;
筛选所述IPv6地址集中接口标识为基于IPv4地址编码的IPv6地址；Screening the centralized interface identification of the IPv6 address as the IPv6 address based on the IPv4 address encoding;
提取筛选得到的各IPv6地址的接口标识中嵌入的IPv4地址；Extracting the IPv4 address embedded in the interface identifier of each IPv6 address obtained by screening;
基于IPv4地址地理位置库确定提取得到的各IPv4地址的地理位置信息，建立第一IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。The extracted geographic location information of each IPv4 address is determined based on the IPv4 address geographic location database, and a first IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping is established.
可选地，所述基于位置语义分析获得IPv6地址反向域名解析字符串涵盖的地理位置信息，建立第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，包括：Optionally, obtaining the geographic location information covered by the reverse domain name resolution string of the IPv6 address based on the location semantic analysis, and establishing a second IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping, including:
探测IPv6地址集中各IPv6地址的路由路径，并将探测到的各路由路径中的每跳IPv6地址汇总去重后进行反向域名解析得到其对应的主机名字符串，确定解析得到的各主机名字符串的位置信息，建立第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。Detect the routing paths of each IPv6 address in the IPv6 address set, summarize and deduplicate the IPv6 addresses of each hop in the detected routing paths, perform reverse domain name resolution to obtain the corresponding host name string, and determine each host name obtained by the resolution. The location information of the character string is used to establish a second IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping.
可选地，所述基于位置语义分析获得IPv6地址反向域名解析字符串涵盖的地理位置信息，建立第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，具体包括：Optionally, obtaining geographic location information covered by an IPv6 address reverse domain name parsing string based on location semantic analysis, and establishing a second IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping, specifically including:
获取IPv6地址集；Get IPv6 address set;
对所述IPv6地址集中的各IPv6地址进行路由路径探测；Perform routing path detection on each IPv6 address in the IPv6 address set;
将探测到的各路由路径中的每跳IPv6地址汇总去重后进行反向域名解析得到其对应的rDNS主机名字符串，建立IPv6地址-rDNS主机名映射；After summarizing and deduplicating the IPv6 addresses of each hop in the detected routing paths, perform reverse domain name resolution to obtain the corresponding rDNS hostname string, and establish IPv6 address-rDNS hostname mapping;
对所述IPv6地址-rDNS主机名映射中的各rDNS主机名字符串进行位置语义分析，得到rDNS主机名对应的地理位置信息，建立第二IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。Perform location semantic analysis on each rDNS hostname string in the IPv6 address-rDNS hostname mapping, obtain geographic location information corresponding to the rDNS hostname, and establish a second IPv6 address-geographical location information mapping.
可选地，所述基于获取的IPv4地址和IPv6地址同源的关联关系，建立第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，包括：Optionally, establishing a third IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping based on the obtained association between the IPv4 address and the IPv6 address, including:
对IPv4rDNS数据集中各IPv4地址对应的rDNS主机名进行AAAA记录查询，获取各IPv4地址同源的IPv6地址，确定各IPv4地址的地理位置信息，建立第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。The AAAA record query is performed on the rDNS host name corresponding to each IPv4 address in the IPv4rDNS data set, the IPv6 address of the same source of each IPv4 address is obtained, the geographical location information of each IPv4 address is determined, and a third IPv6 address-location information mapping is established.
可选地，所述基于获取的IPv4地址和IPv6地址同源的关联关系，建立第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射，具体包括：Optionally, establishing a third IPv6 address-geolocation information mapping based on the obtained IPv4 address and IPv6 address homologous association, specifically including:
获取IPv4rDNS数据集；Get the IPv4rDNS dataset;
查询所述IPv4rDNS数据集中各IPv4地址对应的rDNS主机名的AAAA记录，筛选存在IPv6地址的AAAA记录，得到IPv4地址-IPv6地址-rDNS主机名映射；Query the AAAA record of the rDNS hostname corresponding to each IPv4 address in the IPv4rDNS data set, screen the AAAA record of the IPv6 address, and obtain the IPv4 address-IPv6 address-rDNS hostname mapping;
基于IPv4地址地理位置库，查询各IPv4地址的地理位置信息；Based on the IPv4 address geographic location database, query the geographic location information of each IPv4 address;
基于所述IPv4地址-IPv6地址-rDNS主机名映射和各IPv4地址的地理位置信息，建立第三IPv6地址-地理位置信息映射。Based on the IPv4 address-IPv6 address-rDNS hostname mapping and geographic location information of each IPv4 address, a third IPv6 address-geographic location information mapping is established.
一种电子设备，包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述程序时实现基于IPv4地址地理位置信息的IPv6地址定位方法。An electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and running on the processor. The processor implements an IPv6 address location method based on IPv4 address geographic location information when the processor executes the program.
所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：以上任何实施例的讨论仅为示例性的，并非旨在暗示本公开的范围(包括权利要求)被限于这些例子；在本公开的思路下，以上实施例或者不同实施例中的技术特征之间也可以进行组合，步骤可以以任意顺序实现，并存在如上所述的本公开实施例的不同方面的许多其它变化，为了简明它们没有在细节中提供。Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is only exemplary, and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present disclosure (including the claims) is limited to these examples; under the spirit of the present disclosure, the above embodiments or Technical features in different embodiments may also be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the disclosed embodiments as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.
另外，为简化说明和讨论，并且为了不会使本公开实施例难以理解，在所提供的附图中可以示出或可以不示出与集成电路(IC)芯片和其它部件的公知的电源/接地连接。此外，可以以框图的形式示出装置，以便避免使本公开实施例难以理解，并且这也考虑了以下事实，即关于这些框图装置的实施方式的细节是高度取决于将要实施本公开实施例的平台的(即，这些细节应当完全处于本领域技术人员的理解范围内)。在阐述了具体细节(例如，电路)以描述本公开的示例性实施例的情况下，对本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是，可以在没有这些具体细节的情况下或者这些具体细节有变化的情况下实施本公开实施例。因此，这些描述应被认为是说明性的而不是限制性的。Additionally, to simplify illustration and discussion, and in order not to obscure the embodiments of the present disclosure, well-known power/power sources associated with integrated circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown in the figures provided in the figures provided. ground connection. Furthermore, devices may be shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the disclosed embodiments, and this also takes into account the fact that details regarding the implementation of these block diagram devices are highly dependent on the implementation of the disclosed embodiments platform (ie, these details should be well within the understanding of those skilled in the art). Where specific details (eg, circuits) are set forth to describe exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details may be made without or with changes The embodiments of the present disclosure are implemented as follows. Accordingly, these descriptions are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive.
尽管已经结合了本公开的具体实施例对本公开进行了描述，但是根据前面的描述，这些实施例的很多替换、修改和变型对本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。例如，其它存储器架构(例如，动态RAM(DRAM))可以使用所讨论的实施例。Although the present disclosure has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many alternatives, modifications, and variations to these embodiments will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures (eg, dynamic RAM (DRAM)) may use the discussed embodiments.
本公开实施例旨在涵盖落入所附权利要求的宽泛范围之内的所有这样的替换、修改和变型。因此，凡在本公开实施例的精神和原则之内，所做的任何省略、修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。The disclosed embodiments are intended to cover all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the embodiments of the present disclosure should be included within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
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