CN114288503A - Breathing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a ventilator, comprising: the first air circuit comprises a first pressure air source interface and a first flow regulating device which are connected in sequence; the second gas circuit comprises a second pressure gas source interface, a second flow regulating device and a second flow sensor which are sequentially connected; the third gas circuit comprises a third pressure gas source interface; a first inspiratory branch; the second air suction branch comprises a gas compression device, and an outlet of the gas compression device is connected with the second flow regulating device and the second flow sensor; a switching device including a first interface, a second interface, and a third interface, having a first mode in which the first interface is connected to the second interface and a second mode in which the first interface is connected to the third interface; and an exhalation branch that manages the patient's exhalation gases. Thus, the mixed gas of a desired oxygen concentration can be supplied while switching between the first and second modes, and the second flow sensor is shared without depending on the central gas supply system, thereby suppressing an increase in cost.

Description

Breathing machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a breathing machine.

Background

Ventilators have been widely used in hospitals as medical devices to assist patients with dyspnea or to support patients who are unable to breathe on their own to perform mechanical ventilation. Generally, ventilators require two sources of supply air, air and oxygen, by mixing the two gases to deliver a mixture of desired oxygen concentration to the patient.

At present, in hospitals provided with a central air supply system capable of providing an air source, the air source of a respirator is almost all provided by the central air supply system; in hospitals lacking a central air supply system or when the air pressure of the central air supply system is unstable, the existing breathing machine cannot timely use the breathing machine to help patients.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a ventilator having at least two air supply modes without depending on a central air supply system.

Therefore, the invention provides a breathing machine, which comprises a first air circuit, a second air circuit and a first flow adjusting device, wherein the first air circuit comprises a first pressure air source interface and a first flow adjusting device which are sequentially connected; the second gas circuit comprises a second pressure gas source interface, a second flow regulating device and a second flow sensor which are sequentially connected; the third gas circuit comprises a third pressure gas source interface; a first inspiratory limb for delivering inspiratory gas to a patient; a second inspiration branch comprising a gas compression device, the outlet of which is connected to the second flow regulating means and a second flow sensor; a switching device including a first interface connected to the first air path, a second interface connected to the second air path and a first air suction branch, a third interface connected to the third air path and the second air suction branch, and a first mode in which the first interface is connected to the second interface and a second mode in which the first interface is connected to the third interface; and an exhalation branch that manages the patient's exhalation gases.

In the present invention, the switching device has a first mode and a second mode, and the controller controls the switching device by determining a pressure value measured by the pressure sensor in the second gas path, so that switching between the first mode and the second mode can be realized, and in the second mode, the inhalation gas is supplied to the patient via the gas compression device and the second flow sensor, so that on the one hand, a mixed gas having a desired oxygen concentration can be supplied by switching according to the supply gas source, and on the other hand, the second flow regulator can be shared, thereby suppressing an increase in cost. In addition, the ventilator can be independent of a central air supply system.

In addition, in the ventilator related to the present invention, the second air path further includes a pressure sensor for detecting a gas pressure at the second pressure gas source interface; and a controller that controls the switching device to switch the switching device between the first mode and the second mode based on a measurement value of the pressure sensor. Thus, the controller can control the switching device by judging the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor in the second gas path.

In addition, in the ventilator according to an aspect of the present invention, the switching device may include a pilot valve and a pneumatic three-way valve. In this case, the controller can conveniently switch the switching device between the first mode and the second mode by controlling the on and off of the pilot valve and the corresponding action of the pneumatic three-way valve.

In the ventilator according to the present invention, the second inhalation branch may further include a first mixing chamber that connects the third port with the third air passage and the second inhalation branch. In this case, the gas of the first gas path and the gas of the third gas path can be better mixed by passing through the first mixing chamber, thereby providing a mixed gas having, for example, a desired oxygen concentration.

In the ventilator according to the present invention, the second inhalation branch further includes a third flow rate adjustment device connected to the outlet of the gas compression device. In this case, since the third flow rate adjustment means can control the supplied gas, a prescribed amount of inhaled gas can be supplied to the patient.

In addition, in the ventilator according to the present invention, the second inhalation branch may further include a second mixing chamber. This can further improve the mixing effect of the mixed gas passing through the second mixing chamber.

In the ventilator according to the present invention, the second inspiratory branch further includes a third flow rate adjustment device, and the third flow rate adjustment device includes a voice coil motor. Thereby, the gas flowing through the second suction branch can be regulated more accurately.

In the ventilator according to the present invention, the first inspiratory branch may further include a gas mixing device. Therefore, the gas mixing device can fully mix the gas from the first gas path and the gas from the second gas path, and improve the mixing effect of the mixed gas.

In addition, in the ventilator according to the present invention, the second inhalation branch may further include a check valve. In this case, the check valve can reduce the flow velocity reflection impact, thereby ensuring the measurement accuracy of the gas flow of the second gas path.

In the ventilator according to the present invention, the gas compression device is a turbine. In this case, since the turbine belongs to the air compression device in which the maximum static output pressure is low, it is possible to effectively suppress noise and supply a mixed gas that satisfies, for example, a desired oxygen concentration.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a respirator that is capable of switching between supply air sources and supplying a mixed gas having a desired oxygen concentration in a timely manner without depending on a central supply air system.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a system block diagram showing a ventilator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an inhalation branch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the suction branch according to the embodiment of the present invention in the first mode.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a state of the switching device shown in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the suction branch according to the embodiment of the present invention in the second mode.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing a state of the switching device shown in fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a1 st modification of the switching device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a2 nd modification of the switching device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the main reference numerals:

1 … respirator, 2 … patient, 10 … inspiration branch, 20 … expiration branch, 20 … controller, 11 … first air circuit, 12 … second air circuit, 13 … third air circuit, 14 … switching device, 15 … first inspiration branch, 16 … second inspiration branch, 17 … driving air circuit.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is omitted. The drawings are schematic and the ratio of the dimensions of the components and the shapes of the components may be different from the actual ones.

Fig. 1 is a system block diagram showing a ventilator 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the ventilator 1 may include an inspiratory limb 10 and an expiratory limb 20. In the ventilator 1, the inspiration branch 10 may be used to manage the inspiration behavior of the patient 2, being able to provide the patient 2 with a mixture of gases of a desired oxygen concentration. The expiratory limb 20 may be used to manage the expiratory behaviour of the patient 2, being able to receive gas exhaled by the patient 2.

In addition, the expiratory limb 20 may also include a controller 30. The controller 30 may control the action of the inspiration limb 10 and the expiration limb 20 by feedback from the inspiration limb 10 and the expiration limb 20, thereby assisting the patient 2 in performing inspiration or expiration activities.

In the present embodiment, the side closer to the patient 2 in the inhalation branch passage 10 is referred to as the "downstream side" or "downstream end", and the side farther from the patient 2 is referred to as the "upstream side" or "upstream end". As described later, the upstream side of the inhalation branch 10 is supplied with various supply gases (for example, high-pressure oxygen, high-pressure air, or ambient air), which are mixed and supplied to the patient 2 on the downstream side along the inhalation branch 10.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the suction branch passage 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing theswitching device 14 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the suction branch 10 may include afirst air passage 11, asecond air passage 12, athird air passage 13, and aswitching device 14. In the air suction branch 10, thefirst air path 11, thesecond air path 12 and thethird air path 13 can realize the switching of different air paths and the mixing of air through theswitching device 14.

In the present embodiment, the air suction branch 10 further includes a firstair suction branch 15 and a second air suction branch 16, and a first mode M1 in which thefirst air passage 11 and thesecond air passage 12 are connected to the firstair suction branch 15 and a second mode M2 (described later) in which thefirst air passage 11 and thethird air passage 13 are connected to the second air suction branch 16 can be realized by theswitching device 14.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 4 described later, the firstpneumatic circuit 11 may include a first pressureair supply port 110 and a first flow rate adjusting device 111 connected in series. First pressurizedgas source interface 110 may receive a first pressurized gas source, that is, first pressurizedgas source interface 110 may be connected to a first pressurized gas source, whereby the first pressurized gas source is capable of supplying gas tofirst gas circuit 11 via first pressurizedgas source interface 110. In some examples, the first pressurized gas source may be high pressure oxygen. Additionally, in some examples, the first pressurized gas source received by the first pressurizedgas source interface 110 may be a bottled pressurized gas.

In addition, in thefirst gas path 11, gas such as high-pressure oxygen gas may be delivered to the first flow regulator 111 through the firstpressure gas source 110. The first flow regulating device 111 may regulate the flow of the second pressurized air source received by the first pressurizedair source interface 110. In some examples, the first flow regulating device 111 may be an electromagnetic proportional valve, but the present embodiment is not limited thereto, and for example, the first flow regulating device 111 may be a valve group consisting of on-off valves of different diameters, a valve island, or a flow control valve consisting of a motor, or the like.

In addition, thefirst air path 11 may further include afirst flow sensor 112. Thefirst flow sensor 112 may measure the flow rate of the gas passing through the first flow regulating device 111. In some examples, the controller 30 may also control the first flow regulator 111 based on the received flow value detected by thefirst flow sensor 112 to achieve precise control of the flow. In some examples, thefirst flow sensor 112 may be an oxygen flow sensor, but the present embodiment is not limited thereto, and thefirst flow sensor 112 may also be a flow sensor capable of performing the same function.

In the present embodiment, thefirst air passage 11 may further include a firstpressure regulating device 113. The firstpressure regulating device 113 may be disposed between the first pressureair supply interface 110 and the first flow regulating device 111. In thefirst gas circuit 11, the firstpressure regulating device 113 can regulate the pressure of the first pressure gas source, thereby being able to provide gas at a desired pressure. In some examples, the firstpressure regulating device 113 may be a pressure regulating valve, but the present embodiment is not limited thereto, and the firstpressure regulating device 113 may also be a pressure regulating device capable of achieving the same function.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, thesecond air circuit 12 may include a second pressureair source interface 120, a secondflow regulating device 121 and asecond flow sensor 122 connected in sequence. The second pressurizedgas source interface 120 may receive a second pressurized gas source, that is, the second pressurizedgas source interface 120 may be connected to the second pressurized gas source, so that the second pressurized gas source can supply gas to thesecond gas circuit 12 via the second pressurizedgas source interface 120. In some examples, the second pressurized gas source may be high pressure air or high pressure heliox. In some examples, the second source of pressurized air received by the second source ofpressurized air interface 120 may be compressed air from a central air supply system, such as a hospital's central air supply system.

In thesecond air path 12, a gas such as high-pressure air can be delivered to thesecond flow regulator 121 through the secondpressure air source 120.Second flow regulator 121 may regulate the flow of the second pressurized air source received by second pressurizedair source interface 120. In some examples, the second flowrate adjusting device 121 may be an electromagnetic proportional valve, but the present embodiment is not limited thereto, and for example, the second flowrate adjusting device 121 may be a valve group consisting of on-off valves of different diameters, a valve island, or a flow control valve consisting of a motor, or the like.

In addition, thesecond flow sensor 122 may measure the flow rate of the gas passing through the secondflow adjustment device 121. In some examples, the controller 30 may also control the secondflow regulating device 121 to achieve precise control of the flow rate based on the received flow value detected by thesecond flow sensor 122. In some examples, thesecond flow sensor 122 may be an air flow sensor, but the present embodiment is not limited thereto, and thesecond flow sensor 122 may also be a flow sensor capable of performing the same function.

In addition, in some examples, from the viewpoint of ensuring the oxygen concentration of the gas delivered to the patient 2, in the first mode M1, the difference between the volume of the passage of thefirst flow sensor 112 to the gas mixing device 150 (described later) and the volume of the passage of thesecond flow sensor 122 to thegas mixing device 150 does not exceed, for example, 40mL, and the internal volume when theswitching device 14 is switched to the first mode M1 does not exceed, for example, 30 mL.

As shown in fig. 4, the secondpneumatic circuit 12 further includes apressure sensor 123 for detecting the pressure of the gas at the second pressuregas source interface 120. That is, in the secondpneumatic circuit 12, thepressure sensor 123 may measure the pressure of the second pressurized air source received by the second pressurizedair source interface 120. In addition, pressure information (measurement value) obtained by thepressure sensor 123 can be transmitted to the controller 30. Thus, the controller 30 can control theswitching device 14 based on the measurement value of thepressure sensor 123 to switch theswitching device 14 between the first mode M1 and the second mode M2. Additionally, thepressure sensor 123 may be a pressure switch.

In the present embodiment, thesecond gas passage 12 may further include a secondpressure regulating device 124. In addition, a secondpressure regulating device 124 may be provided between thepressure sensor 123 and the second flowrate regulating device 121. The secondpressure regulating device 124 may regulate the pressure of the second pressurized air source received by the second pressurizedair source interface 120. In some examples, the secondpressure regulating device 124 may be a pressure regulating valve, but the present embodiment is not limited thereto, and the secondpressure regulating device 124 may also be a pressure regulating device that achieves the same function.

In this embodiment, the thirdpneumatic circuit 13 may include a third pressurizedair source interface 130. The third pressurizedgas source interface 130 may receive a third pressurized gas source, that is, the third pressurizedgas source interface 130 may be connected to the third pressurized gas source, so that the third pressurized gas source can supply gas to thethird gas path 13 via the third pressurizedgas source interface 130. In some examples, the third pressurized gas source may be ambient air. For example, the ambient air may be ambient air of a hospital.

In addition, as shown in fig. 6 described later, thethird air path 13 may be further provided with afilter device 131. Thefilter device 131 may filter the third pressurized air source, such as ambient air, received by the third pressurizedair source interface 130. By means of thefilter device 131, air can be generated which complies with the prescribed standards, for example with the standards of medical hygiene. In some examples, thefiltering device 131 may be a high efficiency air filter (HEPA).

In this embodiment, if the pressure of the first pressurized air source supplied to the first pressurizedair source interface 110 is P1 (the first pressure), the pressure of the second pressurized air source supplied to the second pressurizedair source interface 120 is P2 (the second pressure), and the pressure of the third pressurized air source supplied to the third pressurizedair source interface 130 is P3 (the second pressure), the pressure P1 may be greater than the pressure P3, and the pressure P2 may be greater than the pressure P3.

In the present embodiment, a gas having a gas pressure of P1 or P2 is regarded as a high-pressure gas. Preferably, the gas pressure P1 or P2 is in the range of 280kPa to 650 kPa. In addition, the gas having the gas pressure P3 is regarded as a non-high pressure gas.

In addition, in the case where the second pressureair supply port 120 is connected to the central air supply system, the second pressure (the air pressure P2) may change with the pressure change of the central air supply system. In the ventilator 1 according to the present embodiment, when theswitching device 14 is in the first mode M1 and the air pressure P2 is lower than a prescribed value, the controller 30 can control theswitching device 14 so as to switch from the first mode M1 to the second mode M2 (described later).

In this embodiment, firstinspiratory branch 15 may deliver an inspiratory gas (e.g., an oxygen-containing gas mixture) to the patient. In the case where theswitching device 14 is in the first mode M1 (described later), thefirst air passage 11 and thesecond air passage 12 are connected (communicated) with thefirst inhalation branch 15, and in this case, the gas of thefirst air passage 11 and the gas of thesecond air passage 12 enter thefirst inhalation branch 15 to be mixed and supplied to the patient 2.

Additionally, the firstinspiratory leg 15 can include agas mixing device 150. In this case, it is possible to further mix the gas (first pressure gas source) from thefirst gas path 11 with the gas (second pressure gas source) from thesecond gas path 12 and obtain a mixed gas having an improved mixing effect.

In this embodiment, the second inspiratory branch 16 can deliver an inspiratory gas (e.g., a gas mixture containing oxygen) to the patient. In the case where theswitching device 14 is in the second mode M2 (described later), the firstpneumatic circuit 11 and the thirdpneumatic circuit 13 are connected (communicated) with the second inhalation branch 16, and in this case, the gas of the firstpneumatic circuit 11 and the gas of the thirdpneumatic circuit 12 enter the second inhalation branch 16 to be mixed and supplied to the patient 2 (described later).

In this embodiment, the second suction branch 16 may further comprise a gas compression device 160 (see fig. 6). Thegas compression device 160 is capable of compressing and pressurizing the gas flowing through the second suction branch 16. The maximum static output pressure of thegas compression device 160 may be less than 210cmH20(1cmH20 ═ 0.098 kPa). Preferably, the maximum static output pressure of thegas compression device 160 is less than 140cmH20, which may result in a quieter, lower power consumption, smaller size, and lighter weight ventilator. In some examples, thegas compression device 160 may be a gas compression device with a lower maximum static output pressure, but the embodiment is not limited thereto, and thegas compression device 160 may also be other devices that perform the same function, such as a small compressor. Further, thegas compression apparatus 160 is preferably a turbine, and in this case, since the turbine belongs to an air compression device in which the maximum static output pressure is low, it is possible to effectively suppress noise and to provide a mixed gas that satisfies, for example, a desired oxygen concentration.

In addition, as shown in fig. 2 and 6, an outlet of thegas compression apparatus 160 is connected to the second flowrate adjustment device 121 and the secondflow rate sensor 122. Specifically, the outlet of thegas compression device 160 is connected to the secondflow regulating device 121, and the outlet of thegas compression device 160 is connected to thesecond flow sensor 122. Thus, when the gas flows into thesecond gas path 12, the gas passing through thegas compression device 160 can be controlled by thesecond flow regulator 121 of thesecond gas path 12, and the gas passing through thegas compression device 160 can flow through thesecond flow sensor 122 and be supplied to the patient 2.

In the present embodiment, the second air intake branch 16 may further include a third flowrate adjusting device 161. The thirdflow regulating device 161 may control the flow of gas through the second inspiratory branch 16. In some examples, the thirdflow regulating device 161 may include a voice coil motor, thereby enabling more precise control of the flow of gas through the second inspiratory branch 16. Further, in some examples, the third flowrate adjusting device 161 may be a flow rate control valve composed of a motor, but the present embodiment is not limited thereto, and for example, the third flowrate adjusting device 161 may also be a valve group composed of on-off valves with different paths, a valve island, an electromagnetic proportional valve, or the like.

In addition, the second suction branch 16 may further include afirst mixing chamber 162. In the second mode M2, the switchingdevice 14 may connect (communicate) thefirst air passage 11 and thethird air passage 13 with the second suction branch 16 through thefirst mixing chamber 162. That is, the gas supplied from thefirst gas path 11 and the gas supplied from thethird gas path 13 are mixed in thefirst mixing chamber 162, whereby a mixed gas having an improved mixing effect can be obtained, thereby providing the mixed gas of a desired oxygen concentration to the patient 2. In some examples, when the gas supplied to thefirst gas path 11 is oxygen, thefirst mixing chamber 162 may be an oxygen mixing chamber.

In addition, the second suction branch 16 may further include asecond mixing chamber 163. In some examples, thesecond mixing chamber 163 is configured to mix the mixed gas in the second mode M2 and pressurized by thegas compression device 160 during inspiration. This can further improve the mixing effect of the mixed gas. In some examples, when the gas supplied to thefirst gas path 11 is oxygen, thesecond mixing chamber 163 may be an oxygen mixing chamber.

In addition, the second inspiration branch 16 may further comprise a one-way valve (also referred to as check valve) 165 arranged before thesecond flow sensor 122. In the direction along the upstream side to the downstream side of the second suction branch 16, thecheck valve 165 is turned on; in the downstream-to-upstream direction along the second suction branch 16, thecheck valve 165 is closed. Particularly, in the case of the first mode M1, thecheck valve 165 may effectively isolate thesecond air path 12 from the second air suction branch 16, and reduce the volume of the cavity of thesecond air path 12, so that the impedance and the capacitance of thesecond air path 12 are matched with those of thefirst air path 11, and the flow rate reflection impact of the gas of thefirst air path 11 on thesecond air path 12 may be reduced, thereby ensuring the measurement accuracy of thesecond air path 12.

Hereinafter, the switching device and the switching mode thereof will be described in detail with reference to fig. 4 to 7. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the suction branch according to the embodiment of the present invention in the first mode. Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a state of the switching device shown in fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the suction branch according to the embodiment of the present invention in the second mode. Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing a state of the switching device shown in fig. 6.

As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the switchingdevice 14 has a first mode M1 (see fig. 4) connecting the first andsecond air paths 11 and 12 with thefirst inhalation branch 15, and a second mode M2 (see fig. 6) connecting the first andthird air paths 11 and 13 with the second inhalation branch 16.

Specifically, the switchingdevice 14 includes a first port a connected to thefirst air passage 11, a second port B connected to thesecond air passage 12 and the first airintake branch passage 15, and a third port C connected to thethird air passage 13 and the second air intake branch passage 16, and has a first mode M1 for connecting the first port a to the second port B and a second mode M2 for connecting the first port B to the third port C.

In some examples, the controller 30 may control theswitching device 14 based on a measurement value of thepressure sensor 123 provided at the secondpneumatic circuit 12, thereby switching theswitching device 14 between the first mode M1 and the second mode M2.

Specifically, the controller 30 may control theswitching device 14 to be in the first mode M1 (see fig. 4) under some conditions (for example, under the condition that the measured value of thepressure sensor 123 is in the normal range) based on the measured value of thepressure sensor 123, when the first interface a is connected with the second interface B, that is, thefirst air path 11 and thesecond air path 12 are communicated with thefirst inhalation branch 15, and the supply gas is conveyed to thefirst inhalation branch 15 along thefirst air path 11 and the second air path 12 (in the direction of the straight arrow shown in fig. 4) and provided to the patient 2, so that the patient 2 can obtain the mixed gas with, for example, the required oxygen concentration.

In addition, the controller 30 may control theswitching device 14 to be in the second mode M2 (see fig. 6) under other conditions (for example, the measured value of thepressure sensor 123 is out of the normal range) based on the measured value of thepressure sensor 123, when the first interface a is connected with the third interface C, that is, thefirst air path 11 and thethird air path 13 are communicated with the second inhalation branch 16, and the supply gas is conveyed to the second inhalation branch 16 along thefirst air path 11 and the third air path 13 (in the direction of the straight arrow shown in fig. 6) and is provided to the patient 2, so that the patient 2 can obtain the mixed gas with, for example, the required oxygen concentration.

Referring back to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the switchingdevice 14 may include apilot valve 141 and a pneumatic three-way valve 142. In addition, thepilot valve 141 may be controlled by the controller 30. Thepilot valve 141 is connected to the pneumatic three-way valve 142, and different connection paths of the pneumatic three-way valve 142 can be pneumatically realized by controlling thepilot valve 141.

Specifically, thepilot valve 141 has a connection end E, F, wherein the connection end E can communicate with thefirst air passage 11 via the drivingair passage 17; the connection end F is connected to the pneumatic three-way valve 142 for driving the pneumatic three-way valve 142. In addition, the pneumatic three-way valve 142 includes an inlet port a and two outlet ports B, C. The inlet end a of the pneumatic three-way valve 142 may be connected to thefirst air path 11, the outlet end B may be connected to thesecond air path 12 and the firstair suction branch 15, and the outlet end C may be connected to thethird air path 13 and the second air suction branch 16. In addition, the present embodiment is not limited thereto, for example, the inlet end a of the pneumatic three-way valve 142 may be connected to thefirst air passage 11, the outlet end B may be connected to thethird air passage 13 and the second suction branch 16, and the outlet end C may be connected to thesecond air passage 12 and thefirst suction branch 15. In this case as well, the switching of theswitching device 14 between the first mode M1 and the second mode M2 can be realized.

As shown in fig. 4, the drivingair path 17 may be a manifold of thefirst air path 11 and supplied with air from thefirst air path 11. In the present embodiment, the drivinggas path 17 is not limited to the gas supplied from thefirst gas path 11, and may be supplied from thesecond gas path 12 or may be supplied from a separate gas path.

Additionally, in some examples,pilot valve 141 is a solenoid valve, for example, which may be turned on or off by controller 30. After thepilot valve 141 is turned on, the pressure-regulated first pressure air source from thefirst air path 11 drives the pneumatic three-way valve 142 via the drivingair path 17, so that the first interface a of theswitching device 14 is connected with the second interface B, that is, thefirst air path 11 and thesecond air path 12 are connected (communicated) with the firstair suction branch 15, and therefore the air of thefirst air path 11 and the air of thesecond air path 12 are merged to enter the firstair suction branch 15. At this time, the switchingdevice 14 is in the first mode M1 (see fig. 4). In addition, after thepilot valve 141 is closed, the drivingair passage 17 is disconnected from the pneumatic three-way valve 142, and the pneumatic three-way valve 142 makes thefirst air passage 11 and thethird air passage 13 connected (communicated) with the second air suction branch 16 under the action of the spring force, that is, the gas of thefirst air passage 11 and the gas of thethird air passage 13 join and enter the second air suction branch 16. At this time, the switchingdevice 14 is in the second mode M2 (see fig. 6).

As described above, in the present embodiment, the controller 30 can control theswitching device 14 based on the measurement value of thepressure sensor 123 such that the switchingdevice 14 can switch between the first mode M1 connecting thefirst air path 11 with thesecond air path 12 and thefirst suction branch 15 and the second mode M2 connecting thefirst air path 11 with thethird air path 13 and the second suction branch 16, thereby being capable of switching according to the supply air source and timely supplying the mixed gas of, for example, a desired oxygen concentration.

In some examples, when the controller 30 detects that the value measured by thepressure sensor 123 satisfies a predetermined value (e.g., the pressure value is greater than 200kPa), when the controller 30 turns on thepilot valve 141, the gas driving thegas path 17 directly pushes, for example, an internal spring of the pneumatic three-way valve 142, so that the inlet end a of the pneumatic three-way valve 142 communicates with the outlet end B, and thus theswitching device 14 is in the first mode M1 (see fig. 4) in which thefirst gas path 11 and thesecond gas path 12 are connected (communicated) with the firstgas suction branch 15. In other examples, when the controller 30 detects that the value measured by thepressure sensor 123 does not satisfy a predetermined value (for example, the pressure value is less than or equal to 200kPa), the controller 30 closes thepilot valve 141, at which time the gas of the drivinggas path 17 is disconnected from the pneumatic three-way valve 142, and the internal spring of the pneumatic three-way valve 142 is restored to its original state, so that the inlet end a of the pneumatic three-way valve 142 is communicated with the outlet end C, thereby placing theswitching device 14 in the second mode M2 (see fig. 6) in which thefirst gas path 11 is connected to thethird gas path 13 and the second suction branch 16. Therefore, the mixed gas with the required oxygen concentration can be provided in time by switching according to the supply gas source.

In particular, when theswitching device 14 of the inhalation branch 10A is in the first mode M1, the first port a of theswitching device 14 is connected with the second port B, and thefirst air passage 11 and thesecond air passage 12 are communicated with thefirst inhalation branch 15. Furthermore, the one-way valve 165 is closed, thereby preventing gas from thesecond gas circuit 12 from entering the airway of the second inspiratory branch 16, and the supply gas is supplied to the patient 2 via thefirst gas circuit 11 and thesecond gas circuit 12 merging into the firstinspiratory branch 15. When theswitching device 14 is in the second mode M2, the first port a of theswitching device 14 is communicated with the third port C, that is, thefirst air passage 11 is connected with thethird air passage 13 and the second air suction branch 16, thecheck valve 165 is opened, and the second flowrate adjusting device 121 is closed. In this case, the gas of thefirst gas circuit 11 and the gas of thethird gas circuit 13 merge into the second inspiration limb 16 and are supplied to the patient 2 at least via thegas compression device 160 of the second inspiration limb 16 and thesecond flow sensor 122 of thesecond gas circuit 12 in sequence. In this case, thesecond flow sensor 122 can be shared by the second intake branch 16 and thesecond gas passage 12, and thus an increase in cost can be effectively suppressed. In addition, the system does not depend on a central air supply system.

Further, the switchingdevice 14 of the present embodiment is not limited to the above-described example, and a modification of theswitching device 14 of the present embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 8 and 9.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a1 st modification of the switching device according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, the switchingdevice 14 may be an electromagnetic three-way valve 14A instead of thepilot valve 141 and the pneumatic three-way valve 142 described above. In this case, by directly controlling the electromagnetic three-way valve 14A by the controller 30, it is also possible to achieve communication of the intake end a1 of the electromagnetic three-way valve 14A with the outlet end B1 or the outlet end C1, thereby achieving switching of theswitching device 14 between the first mode M1 and the second mode M2. In addition, the use of the three-way solenoid valve 14A also omits thedrive gas passage 17 of the present embodiment.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a2 nd modification of the switching device according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 9, the switchingdevice 14 may be a motor-driven three-way valve 14B instead of the above-describedpilot valve 141 and the pneumatic three-way valve 142. That is, the switchingdevice 14 may be a three-way valve controlled by a motor. In this case, by directly controlling the motor-driven three-way valve 14B by the controller 30, it is also possible to achieve communication of the air inlet end a2 of the motor-driven three-way valve 14B with the air outlet end B2 or the air outlet end C2, thereby achieving switching of theswitching device 14 between the first mode M1 and the second mode M2. In addition, the use of the motor-driven three-way valve 14B also omits thedrive gas passage 17 of the present embodiment.

While the invention has been specifically described above in connection with the drawings and examples, it will be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the invention in any way. Those skilled in the art can make modifications and variations to the present invention as needed without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (14)

1. A ventilator, characterized by: the breathing machine comprises:

the first air circuit comprises a first pressure air source interface and a first flow regulating device which are connected in sequence;

the second gas circuit comprises a second pressure gas source interface, a second flow regulating device and a second flow sensor which are sequentially connected;

the third gas circuit comprises a third pressure gas source interface;

a first inspiratory limb for delivering inspiratory gas to a patient;

a second inspiration branch comprising a gas compression device, the outlet of which is connected to the second flow regulating means and a second flow sensor;

a switching device including a first interface connected to the first air path, a second interface connected to the second air path and the first air suction branch, a third interface connected to the third air path and the second air suction branch, and having a first mode in which the first interface is connected to the second interface to implement the first air path and the second air path are connected to the first air suction branch, and a second mode in which the first interface is connected to the third interface to implement the first air path and the third air path are connected to the second air suction branch; wherein the second flow sensor is common in the first mode and the second mode; and in the first mode, the second flow sensor is used for detecting the gas flow of the second gas circuit; in the second mode, the second flow sensor is used for detecting the flow of the mixed gas of the first gas path and the third gas path; and

an expiratory limb that manages the patient's expired gas.

2. The ventilator of claim 1, wherein:

the second air suction branch also comprises a one-way valve arranged in front of the second flow sensor, and the one-way valve is used for isolating the second air path from the second air suction branch.

3. The ventilator of claim 1 or 2, wherein:

the first gas suction branch also comprises a gas mixing device.

4. The ventilator of claim 3, wherein:

the first gas circuit further includes a first flow sensor for measuring a flow of gas through the first flow regulating device.

5. The ventilator of claim 4, wherein:

in the first mode, the difference between the volume of the passage from the first flow sensor to the gas mixing device and the volume of the passage from the second flow sensor to the gas mixing device is not more than 40ml, and the internal volume of the chamber when the switching device is switched to the first mode is not more than 30 ml.

6. The ventilator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein:

the second gas circuit also comprises a pressure sensor for detecting the gas pressure at the second pressure gas source interface; and

a controller that controls the switching device to switch the switching device between the first mode and the second mode based on a measurement value of the pressure sensor.

7. The ventilator of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein:

the switching device also comprises a pilot valve and a pneumatic three-way valve.

8. The ventilator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein:

the second air suction branch also comprises a first mixing cavity, and the third interface is connected with the third air path and the second air suction branch through the first mixing cavity.

9. The ventilator of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein:

the second suction branch further comprises a third flow regulating device connected with the outlet of the gas compression device.

10. The ventilator of claim 9, wherein:

the third flow regulating device includes a voice coil motor.

11. The ventilator of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein:

the second suction branch further comprises a second mixing chamber arranged after the gas compression device.

12. The ventilator of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein:

the gas compression device is a turbine.

13. The ventilator of any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein:

the first air path further comprises a first pressure regulating device for regulating the pressure of the first pressure air source.

14. The ventilator of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein:

the third gas circuit further comprises a filtering device for filtering the third pressure gas source received by the third pressure gas source interface.

Images