CN114192894A - Intelligent tooth broaching machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent gear broaching machine in the field of gear machining equipment, which comprises an automatic tool changing mechanism, wherein the automatic tool changing mechanism comprises a rack, a vertical rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the rack, the rotating shaft is connected with a rotary power source, a shell is fixed on the rotating shaft, a transverse cantilever is arranged at the upper end of the shell, a lifting power source is arranged on the cantilever, a sliding seat is vertically and slidably connected to the shell and is connected with the lifting power source, a grabbing clamp is transversely and slidably connected to the sliding seat and is connected with a translation power source, and the rotary power source, the lifting power source and the translation power source are all connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller). The invention can solve the problems that the existing gear broaching machine has no automatic tool changing device and has low automation degree.

Description

Intelligent tooth broaching machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of gear machining equipment, in particular to an intelligent gear broaching machine.

Background

In the prior art, the inner gear ring and the inner gear are machined by a broaching machine, and a workpiece is broached by a broach, so that high dimensional precision and small surface roughness can be obtained. The gear broaching machine mainly comprises a base, a machine body, a workbench, a broaching tool, a feeding device, a cooling device, a lubricating device, a tool clamping mechanism, a main sliding plate, an auxiliary sliding plate, an electrical system and a hydraulic system; and a corresponding station is arranged on the workbench, and the broaching tool is clamped by a tool clamping mechanism during machining and then is guided by the main sliding plate and the auxiliary sliding plate to perform broaching machining on the workpiece on the station. The existing broaching machine is not provided with an automatic feeding and discharging device and an automatic tool changing device, the automation degree is low, the feeding and discharging and tool changing processes are manually operated, the labor intensity of workers is high, and the broaching tool is easily damaged due to the fact that the broaching tool is mistakenly selected by human factors.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an intelligent broaching machine, which solves the problems that the existing broaching machine is not provided with an automatic tool changing device and has low automation degree.

In order to achieve the purpose, the basic technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an intelligent gear broaching machine, including automatic tool changing mechanism, automatic tool changing mechanism includes the frame, it is connected with vertical pivot to rotate in the frame, the pivot is connected with rotary power source, be fixed with the shell in the pivot, the shell upper end is equipped with horizontal cantilever, be equipped with the lift power supply on the cantilever, vertical sliding connection has the slide on the shell, the slide is connected with the lift power supply, transverse sliding connection has the anchor clamps of snatching on the slide, it is connected with the translation power supply to snatch anchor clamps, rotary power source, lift power supply and translation power supply all are connected with the PLC controller.

The principle and the advantages of the scheme are as follows: during the in-service use, automatic tool changing mechanism installs at the broaching machine side, when needing the tool changing in the course of working of carrying out the ring gear, PLC controller control rotary power source trend pivot rotates, the epaxial shell of commentaries on classics rotates in step, make the cantilever, the slide, snatch anchor clamps horizontal hunting to the knife rest department of depositing the cutter, the cantilever provides the support for the lift power supply, PLC controller control lift power supply orders about slide lift adjustment to knife rest top, PLC controller control translation power supply orders about and snatchs anchor clamps and carries out horizontal translation, make the top of snatching the broach in the anchor clamps removal knife rest, then descend at the control slide, make and snatch anchor clamps and snatch the broach. After the broach is grabbed, the sliding seat, the grabbing clamp and the broach are integrally lifted by the lifting power source, so that the broach is separated from the tool rest, and then the rotating power source trend rotating shaft rotates again to transversely rotate and move the sliding seat to a tool clamping position of the broaching machine to replace the tool. The intelligent gear broaching machine of this scheme can carry out the change of cutter automatically like this, need not artifically take the cutter and operate, and artifical intensity of labour reduces, and cutter replacement efficiency is higher, and the risk that the cutter damaged reduces, and cutter life is longer.

Furthermore, snatch anchor clamps include the casing of tube-shape, are equipped with two sets of electro-magnets with casing central axis symmetric distribution in the casing, all are equipped with semicircular clamping groove on the just right lateral wall of two sets of electro-magnets, and the upper and lower both ends of casing all are equipped with the through-hole with the casing coaxial line, and the electro-magnet also is connected with the PLC controller. As preferredly like this through the electro-magnet from both sides to the top of broach package clamp, adsorb, semicircular clamp groove laminating broach appearance profile, ensure that the centre gripping is stable, it is reliable to further guarantee the centre gripping through magnetic force absorption, and can not cause the damage to the broach surface, guarantee the surface structure precision of broach, cooperate two semicircular clamp grooves, casing and through-hole adopt the coaxial line design, be favorable to guaranteeing snatching, the accuracy of change to the broach, be favorable to guaranteeing the stability of broach in the course of working, and then guarantee the machining precision of internal ring gear.

Furthermore, the rotary power source is a motor, the output end of the motor is connected with a gear set, the rotating shaft is connected with the gear set, and the motor is connected with the PLC. Preferably, the power output is more stable and the driving of the rotary shaft is more reliable.

Furthermore, a vertical sliding rail is arranged on the shell, a sliding shoe is connected to the sliding seat through a bolt, the sliding shoe is connected to the sliding rail in a sliding mode, the lifting power source is a chain electric hoist, and a chain of the chain electric hoist is connected with the sliding seat. The sliding shoe and the sliding rail are preferably connected to realize sliding, and the chain electric hoist can stably and reliably lift the sliding seat.

Furthermore, be equipped with on the slide with slide rail vertically horizontal guide rail, sliding connection has the guide bracket on the guide rail, snatchs the casing bolted connection of anchor clamps and at the guide bracket lower extreme, and the translation power supply is the pneumatic cylinder of bolted connection on the slide, and the flexible end of pneumatic cylinder articulates on the casing of snatching anchor clamps, and the pneumatic cylinder is connected with the PLC controller. As a stable guide for providing transverse translation preferably by the guide rail and the guide seat, the hydraulic cylinder can stably drive the grabbing clamp to perform transverse translation.

Further, still include automatic feeding mechanism, automatic feeding mechanism includes the conveyer belt, and the crossbeam is striden to be equipped with above the conveyer belt, and the crossbeam lower extreme is connected with the longeron along direction of transfer, and the longeron top is equipped with the spout, can dismantle in the spout and be connected with fixed block and movable block, and the equal parallel clamp rod that is equipped with in longeron left and right sides, clamp rod bottom are connected with splint, are equipped with the connecting seat on the clamp rod, all rotate between the connecting seat of fixed block, movable block and left and right sides to be connected with the connecting rod. The blank of the inner gear ring to be preferably processed is conveyed to a processing position of the intelligent gear broaching machine on the conveying belt, the longitudinal beam, the clamping rods and the clamping plates form deviation rectifying guide for the blank in the conveying process, the blank is limited by the clamping rods and the clamping plates on two sides below the longitudinal beam, the blank is ensured to be directionally and centrally conveyed, the blank can be accurately conveyed to the processing position, manual deviation rectifying in the conveying process and manual position adjusting before processing are reduced, and the automatic processing and the high efficiency are realized. The fixed block, the movable block and the connecting rod form an adjusting structure of the clamping rod, and the connecting rod pushes the clamping rod to two sides or pulls the clamping rod to the longitudinal beam by adjusting the position of the movable block on the longitudinal beam, so that blanks with supplementary sizes can be matched for directional centering conveying.

Further, the spout is T type groove, and fixed block and movable block all pass through bolted connection in the spout, and bolted connection on the fixed block has lock nut, and bolted connection on the movable block has adjusting nut, and adjusting nut inlays and establishes in the handle. As the connection of the fixed block and the movable block is more stable, the adjustment of the movable block is convenient and reliable.

Furthermore, three groups of longitudinal beams and clamping rods are arranged. Preferably, three groups of blanks can be simultaneously conveyed, the conveying efficiency is higher, and the processing efficiency is favorably improved.

Further, still include the knife rest, the knife rest includes the base plate, a plurality of blade holders of fixedly connected with on the base plate, and the blade holder upper end is equipped with the socket, and the blade holder side is equipped with and communicates to the intraoral locking hole of socket, is connected with the locking bolt in the locking hole, and the broach is pegged graft on the blade holder. As the preferred knife rest is used as a storage structure of the broach, the base plate provides support, the knife holder is used for placing a loading structure for the broach, the broach inserted in the knife holder can be locked by the locking bolt, and damage caused by toppling and falling of the broach is avoided.

Furthermore, the base plate is circular, and six tool holders are annularly distributed on the base plate. Different cutters can be replaced according to different machining requirements as the optimization, and the method is more convenient.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of an automatic tool changer in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of an automatic tool changer in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of the gripping fixture of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a top view of an automatic feeding mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a front view of a tool holder in an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises arotating shaft 1, ashell 2, acantilever 3, a loop chain electric hoist 4, a slidingseat 5, a grabbing clamp 6, ashell 61, anelectromagnet 62, aclamping groove 63, aloop chain 7, a sliding shoe 8, a sliding rail 9, aguide rail 10, aguide seat 11, amotor 12, ahydraulic cylinder 13, aconveyor belt 14, across beam 15, alongitudinal beam 16, aclamping rod 17, amovable block 18, afixed block 19, a connectingseat 20, a connectingrod 21, ahandle 22, abase plate 23, a tool apron 24, abroach 25 and alocking bolt 26.

Example 1: the utility model provides an intelligent broaching machine, includes automatic tool changing mechanism, automatic feeding mechanism and knife rest, as shown in figure 1, figure 2, automatic tool changing mechanism includes the frame, rotates through the bearing in the frame and is connected withvertical pivot 1, andpivot 1 is connected with rotary power source, and rotary power source ismotor 12, and the gear train is connected tomotor 12 output, andpivot 1 is connected with the gear train, andmotor 12 is connected with the PLC controller. Ashell 2 is welded and fixed on the rotatingshaft 1, atransverse cantilever 3 is welded at the upper end of theshell 2, a lifting power source is connected to thecantilever 3 through a bolt, and the lifting power source is a chain electric hoist 4. The vertical sliding connection hasslide 5 on theshell 2, is equipped with vertical slide rail 9 on theshell 2, and bolted connection has piston shoes 8 on theslide 5, and piston shoes 8 sliding connection is on slide rail 9, andslide 5 is connected through the couple with theendless chain 7 of endless chain electric block 4. Theslide 5 is connected with a grabbing clamp 6 in a transverse sliding mode, theslide 5 is provided with atransverse guide rail 10 perpendicular to the slide rail 9, theguide rail 10 is connected with aguide seat 11 in a sliding mode, and the grabbing clamp 6 is connected to the lower end of theguide seat 11 through bolts. Snatch anchor clamps 6 and be connected with the translation power supply, the translation power supply is bolted connectionpneumatic cylinder 13 onslide 5, and the flexible end ofpneumatic cylinder 13 is articulated on thecasing 61 that snatchs anchor clamps 6, andpneumatic cylinder 13 is connected with the PLC controller. Referring to fig. 3, the grabbing fixture 6 includes acylindrical housing 61, two sets ofelectromagnets 62 symmetrically distributed about a central axis of thehousing 61 are disposed in thehousing 61,semicircular clamping grooves 63 are disposed on opposite side walls of the two sets ofelectromagnets 62, through holes coaxial with thehousing 61 are disposed at upper and lower ends of thehousing 61, and theelectromagnets 62 are also connected to a PLC controller.

Combine shown in fig. 4, automatic feeding mechanism includesconveyer belt 14, 14 tops of conveyer belt are striden and are equipped withcrossbeam 15, 15 lower extreme bolted connection of crossbeam haslongeron 16 along direction of transfer,longeron 16 tops are equipped with the spout, the spout is T type groove, can dismantle in the spout and be connected withfixed block 19 andmovable block 18, fixedblock 19 andmovable block 18 all pass through bolted connection in the spout, bolted connection on thefixed block 19 has lock nut, bolted connection on themovable block 18 has adjusting nut, adjusting nut inlays to be established inhandle 22. Clampingrods 17 are arranged on the left side and the right side of thelongitudinal beam 16 in parallel, clamping plates are connected to the bottom ends of theclamping rods 17 through bolts, connectingseats 20 are connected to theclamping rods 17 through bolts, connectingrods 21 are hinged between thefixed blocks 19 and the connectingseats 20 on the left side and the right side, and connectingrods 21 are hinged between themovable blocks 18 and the connectingseats 20 on the left side and the right side, so that aparallelogram connecting rod 21 mechanism is formed. Three groups oflongitudinal beams 16 andclamping rods 17 are arranged.

The tool rest comprises abase plate 23, thebase plate 23 is circular, sixtool holders 24 are connected to thebase plate 23 through bolts, sockets are formed in the upper ends of thetool holders 24, as shown in fig. 5, locking holes communicated to the insides of the sockets are formed in the side ends of thetool holders 24,locking bolts 26 are connected to the locking holes, and abroach 25 is connected to thetool holders 24 in an inserted mode.

The specific implementation process is as follows: in the process of processing the inner gear ring, blanks are conveyed on theconveying belt 14, the blanks are positioned below thelongitudinal beam 16 on theconveying belt 14, theclamping rods 17 and the clamping plates on two sides of thelongitudinal beam 16 limit and correct the blanks, so that the blanks are centered and conveyed in a stable direction, when the blanks with different sizes are produced in batches, themovable block 18 is loosened by adjusting thehandle 22 on themovable block 18, the position of themovable block 18 in the chute is moved, theparallelogram connecting rod 21 mechanism is deformed to adjust the distance between theclamping rods 17 and thelongitudinal beam 16, the requirements of feeding, centering and guiding of the blanks with different sizes are met, and then themovable block 18 is locked.

When thebroach 25 needs to be replaced in the machining process, the PLC controls themotor 12 to act, themotor 12 drives therotating shaft 1 to rotate through the gear set, theshell 2 is driven to rotate through rotation, and thecantilever 3 and the slidingseat 5 are rotated to the position of the tool rest. The PLC controller controls the action of the electric chain hoist 4 on thecantilever 3, the slidingseat 5 below the cantilever is lifted and lowered by retracting and releasing thechain 7, the PLC controller controls the action of thehydraulic cylinder 13 on the slidingseat 5, so that the gripping clamp 6 transversely moves to the position above thebroach 25 stored on the tool rest, theslide carriage 5 is driven to descend, the gripping clamp 6 is sleeved outside the upper end of thebroach 25, the PLC controller drives theelectromagnet 62 of the gripping clamp 6 to act to clamp and adsorb the top end of thebroach 25, then the electric chain hoist 4 retracts thechain 7 to pull up theslide carriage 5, the grabbing clamp 6 drives thebroach 25 to lift up together to separate from thetool apron 24, then themotor 12 acts again to rotate thesliding base 5 to the cutter clamping position of the gear broaching machine, thehydraulic cylinder 13 acts again to move the grabbing clamp 6 and thebroach 25 to the cutter clamping position of the gear broaching machine, and thebroach 25 is sent to the cutter clamping position to complete cutter changing. Then the rotatingshaft 1, thehydraulic cylinder 13 and the electric chain hoist 4 are moved again to reset, the cutter of the gear broaching machine can be automatically replaced, the whole process is carried out automatically, the cutter does not need to be contacted manually, the labor intensity of manual work is low, and the cutter cannot be damaged due to human factors.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge in the art of specific structures and/or features of the invention has not been set forth herein in any way. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an intelligent gear broaching machine which characterized in that: including automatic tool changing mechanism, automatic tool changing mechanism includes the frame, it is connected with vertical pivot to rotate in the frame, the pivot is connected with rotary power source, be fixed with the shell in the pivot, the shell upper end is equipped with horizontal cantilever, be equipped with the lift power supply on the cantilever, vertical sliding connection has the slide on the shell, the slide is connected with the lift power supply, transverse sliding connection has on the slide and snatchs anchor clamps, it is connected with the translation power supply to snatch anchor clamps, rotary power source, lift power supply and translation power supply all are connected with the PLC controller.

2. An intelligent gear broaching machine as recited in claim 1, wherein: the grabbing fixture comprises a cylindrical shell, two groups of electromagnets which are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the shell are arranged in the shell, semicircular clamping grooves are formed in the side walls, which are right opposite to the two groups of electromagnets, through holes coaxial with the shell are formed in the upper end and the lower end of the shell, and the electromagnets are also connected with the PLC.

3. An intelligent gear broaching machine as recited in claim 2, wherein: the rotary power source is a motor, the output end of the motor is connected with a gear set, the rotating shaft is connected with the gear set, and the motor is connected with the PLC.

4. An intelligent gear broaching machine as recited in claim 3, wherein: the lifting power source is a chain electric hoist, and a chain of the chain electric hoist is connected with the sliding seat.

5. An intelligent gear broaching machine as recited in claim 4, wherein: be equipped with on the slide with slide rail vertically horizontal guide rail, sliding connection has the guide bracket on the guide rail, snatchs the casing bolted connection of anchor clamps and at the guide bracket lower extreme, the translation power supply is the pneumatic cylinder of bolted connection on the slide, and the flexible end of pneumatic cylinder articulates on the casing of snatching anchor clamps, the pneumatic cylinder with the PLC controller is connected.

6. An intelligent gear broaching machine as recited in claim 1, wherein: still include automatic feeding mechanism, automatic feeding mechanism includes the conveyer belt, and the crossbeam is striden to be equipped with above the conveyer belt, and the crossbeam lower extreme is connected with the longeron along direction of transfer, and the longeron top is equipped with the spout, can dismantle in the spout and be connected with fixed block and movable block, and the equal parallel is equipped with the clamping bar in longeron left and right sides, and the clamping bar bottom is connected with splint, is equipped with the connecting seat on the clamping bar, all rotates between the connecting seat of fixed block, movable block and left and right sides to be connected with the connecting rod.

7. An intelligent gear broaching machine as recited in claim 6, wherein: the spout is T type groove, fixed block and movable block all pass through bolted connection in the spout, and bolted connection on the fixed block has lock nut, and bolted connection on the movable block has adjusting nut, and adjusting nut inlays and establishes in the handle.

8. An intelligent gear broaching machine as recited in claim 7, wherein: three groups of longitudinal beams and clamping rods are arranged.

9. An intelligent gear broaching machine as recited in claim 1, wherein: still include the knife rest, the knife rest includes the base plate, a plurality of blade holders of fixedly connected with on the base plate, and the blade holder upper end is equipped with the socket, and the blade holder side is equipped with and communicates to the intraoral locking hole of socket, is connected with the locking bolt in the locking hole, and the broach is pegged graft on the blade holder.

10. An intelligent gear broaching machine as recited in claim 9, wherein: the base plate is circular, and six tool holders are annularly distributed on the base plate.

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