Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a method for ultrasonic detection of alveolar bone and root of tooth, which solves the problems set forth in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method of ultrasonically inspecting an alveolar bone and a root of a tooth, comprising the steps of:
s1: detecting ultrasonic echoes of the isolated teeth with different tooth root types by adopting a non-focusing probe;
s2: identifying the number of tooth roots in bone tissue by adopting a non-focusing probe;
s3: performing ultrasonic sensing on the mandible of the isolated pig;
s4: and (5) comparing CBCT data and results of the mandible of the isolated pig with ultrasonic echo to obtain a comparison result.
Preferably, S1 specifically includes: s1a: numbering a plurality of groups of isolated teeth, and sequentially soaking the isolated teeth in water after numbering, wherein the types of the plurality of groups of isolated teeth comprise but are not limited to single root, fusion root and double root; s1b: and detecting ultrasonic echoes of the groups of tooth root type isolated teeth by using an unfocused probe, and obtaining ultrasonic echo peak values and peak amplitude.
Preferably, S2 specifically includes: s2a: a plurality of groups of isolated teeth based on the numbers are wrapped by pig bones; s2b: immersing the isolated teeth and pig bones in agar, and detecting by using a non-focusing probe; s2c: and obtaining ultrasonic echo peak values of each group of isolated teeth.
Preferably, S3 specifically includes: s3a: scanning the mandible of the isolated pig by using a focusing ultrasonic probe with the center frequency of 2.25 MHz; s3b: collecting ultrasonic echo, and analyzing ultrasonic echo signals, wherein the alveolar bone ultrasonic echo is a high-steep signal, and the tooth root ultrasonic echo is a continuous low-level signal; s3c: and performing ultrasonic perception analysis based on the echo signals, namely performing detection analysis on the situation of deeper areas of the gingiva and the alveolar bone based on the echo signals, and distinguishing the alveolar bone from the tooth root on a signal level.
Preferably, in S4, the CBCT data includes a three-dimensional reconstructed image of a pig mandible CBCT, a cross-sectional view of the CBCT, a transverse scan acoustic wave image, and a longitudinal scan acoustic wave image, and in S4, the CBCT data image is compared with ultrasonic echo information, and based on the judgment, the information and the distinction of the root and the alveolar bone of the ultrasonic detection are obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method of the invention combines CBCT data, results and ultrasonic echo data, can be more effectively used as a powerful supplement for clinical examination, can also solve the problem that patients shuttle back and forth between a treatment bed and an x-ray examination room for a plurality of times, fully improves the efficiency of doctors and the comfort level of patients, has no radiation dose, and supplements the blank of domestic and international markets.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a method of ultrasonically inspecting an alveolar bone and a root of a tooth, comprising the steps of:
s1: detecting ultrasonic echoes of the isolated teeth with different tooth root types by adopting a non-focusing probe;
s2: identifying the number of tooth roots in bone tissue by adopting a non-focusing probe;
s3: performing ultrasonic sensing on the mandible of the isolated pig;
s4: and (5) comparing CBCT data and results of the mandible of the isolated pig with ultrasonic echo to obtain a comparison result.
In this embodiment, S1 specifically includes: s1a: numbering a plurality of groups of isolated teeth, and sequentially soaking the isolated teeth in water after numbering, wherein the types of the plurality of groups of isolated teeth comprise but are not limited to single root, fusion root and double root; s1b: and detecting ultrasonic echoes of the groups of tooth root type isolated teeth by using an unfocused probe, and obtaining ultrasonic echo peak values and peak amplitude.
In this embodiment, S2 specifically includes: s2a: a plurality of groups of isolated teeth based on the numbers are wrapped by pig bones; s2b: immersing the isolated teeth and pig bones in agar, and detecting by using a non-focusing probe; s2c: and obtaining ultrasonic echo peak values of each group of isolated teeth.
In this embodiment, S3 specifically includes: s3a: scanning the mandible of the isolated pig by using a focusing ultrasonic probe with the center frequency of 2.25 MHz; s3b: collecting ultrasonic echo, and analyzing ultrasonic echo signals, wherein the alveolar bone ultrasonic echo is a high-steep signal, and the tooth root ultrasonic echo is a continuous low-level signal; s3c: and performing ultrasonic perception analysis based on the echo signals, namely performing detection analysis on the situation of deeper areas of the gingiva and the alveolar bone based on the echo signals, and distinguishing the alveolar bone from the tooth root on a signal level.
In this embodiment, the CBCT data in S4 includes a three-dimensional reconstructed image of the pig mandible CBCT, a cross-sectional view of the CBCT, a transverse scan acoustic wave map, and a longitudinal scan acoustic wave map, and in S4, the CBCT data image is compared with the ultrasonic echo information, and the ultrasonic detected tooth root and alveolar bone information and distinction are obtained based on the judgment.
Referring to fig. 1-2, in this embodiment, an unfocused probe is used to detect ultrasound echoes of isolated teeth (human teeth) of different root types. Researchers soaked the isolated teeth in water, with the number 1, 2,3 root types being single, fusion root, double root, respectively (fig. 2 (a)). As can be seen from the ultrasonic sensing result of fig. 2 (b), the ultrasonic echo signal of tooth 3 has a plurality of peaks, the peak amplitude is relatively small, while the ultrasonic echo peak of tooth 2 in the (c) figure is large and compact, and the ultrasonic echo peak of tooth 1 in the (d) figure is maximum, and the attenuation after the peak is rapid. From this, it is clear that a part of the ultrasonic wave is reflected by the teeth and can be received by the ultrasonic probe. Ultrasonic sensing techniques can detect teeth (including crowns and roots).
Referring to fig. 3, in this embodiment, an ultrasonic unfocused probe is used to identify the number of roots in the presence of bone tissue: in the figure (a): wrapping the number 2 and 3 in-vitro teeth with pig bones; (b): immersing the isolated teeth and pig bones in agar, and detecting by using a non-focusing probe; (c) tooth number 2 has a greater peak of ultrasonic echo: (d) The peak measured for tooth number 3 is smaller and has 2-3 peaks.
Referring to fig. 4, in this embodiment, the in vitro pig mandible is subjected to ultrasonic sensing: (a): scanning the mandible of the isolated pig by using a focusing ultrasonic probe (center frequency: 2.25 MHz); (b): experimental design, collecting ultrasonic wave echo; (c): the ultrasonic echo of the alveolar bone is a high and steep signal; (d): the root ultrasound echo is a continuously low-level signal.
Referring to fig. 5, in this embodiment, the CBCT result of the in vitro pig mandible is compared with the ultrasound echo, fig. 5 (a): three-dimensional reconstructed images of pig mandible CBCT, wherein a scanning area is arranged in a frame, and an arrow is in a scanning direction; (b): a cross-sectional view of CBCT, wherein a scanning area is arranged in a frame, and an arrow is in a scanning direction; (c): transversely scanning an acoustic wave diagram, wherein a lower triangle indicates a wave crest, and the wave crest is a tooth root signal; the upper triangle indicates the trough, which is the alveolar bone signal; (d): longitudinally scanning the acoustic map: wherein 2.5-7mm is alveolar bone and soft tissue, 7-10.5mm is tooth germ, and 10.5-17mm is soft tissue.
Ultrasonic signals of the alveolar bone and the root of the tooth were successfully distinguished on the isolated pig mandible by ultrasonic perception of the isolated pig mandible (tooth/tooth germ/alveolar bone/gum) (fig. 4a,4 b) (fig. 4c,4 d). The characteristic information of the ultrasound echo is analyzed by transversal (fig. 5 c) and longitudinal scanning (fig. 5 d), matched to the scanning position and compared to the CBCT imaging results (fig. 5a,5 b). Fig. 4 (c) and (d) show that a small focused ultrasonic probe with a center frequency of 2.25MHz can detect deeper areas through the gingiva and alveolar bone of the surface layer, and can distinguish the alveolar bone and the tooth root at the signal level. By combining the ultrasonic information acquired in fig. 4 with the CT image of fig. 5 (a) and (b), it is possible to determine the specific ultrasonic-detected information and distinction between the root and the alveolar bone. Thus, in the maximum peak graph of the ultrasonic scan, the signals and positions of the deep alveolar bone plus soft tissue, tooth embryo and soft tissue are located. And then splicing the ultrasonic scanning images to obtain the ultrasonic tomography image.
Therefore, based on the above embodiment, the penetration depth of the ultrasonic sensing technology can meet the inspection requirement, the echo wave characteristics of the tooth/tooth root/tooth germ/alveolar bone can be distinguished in an in-vitro state, and the information such as the length/width of the tooth root can be obtained. The information acquired by ultrasonic sensing is basically consistent with the result of CBCT. The detection method can noninvasively sense different tissues in the in-vitro pig mandible, and can clearly distinguish the ultrasonic echo signal characteristics of the different tissues.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.