CN114087919A - Modular multi-stage coil gun - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of electromagnetic emission, and particularly relates to a modular multistage coil cannon, which comprises: a plurality of propulsion modules, body, battery, controller, temperature sensor, each propulsion module and controller use bus connection, wherein propulsion module includes: the device comprises a propelling coil, a position sensor, a microprocessor, an address coding switch and a current switch component; by the mode, the basic transmitting function is realized, and meanwhile, the functions of radio speed adjustment, power adjustment, temperature control and self-checking are realized, so that the reliability, expansibility and practicability of the system are improved.

Description

Modular multi-stage coil gun

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of electromagnetic emission, and particularly relates to a modular multistage coil cannon.

Background

The electromagnetic gun is a coil gun, which is usually used for physics teaching or research, and the basic principle is that a magnetic field generated by an electrified coil is used to attract ferromagnetic substances, generate speed and throw out the ferromagnetic substances.

At present, the commonly adopted realization method is to charge a capacitor after a battery is boosted, and then use a silicon controlled rectifier or a field effect transistor as an electronic switch to instantly release the electric energy stored in the capacitor to a coil, thereby forming a strong magnetic field to attract the projectile.

The realization method mainly has the following defects that long charging process is needed by using the capacitor for energy storage, and continuous emission in short time cannot be realized; the on and off time of the current in the coil can not be accurately controlled, so that the acceleration is insufficient and even the speed is reduced; for a multi-stage acceleration system, there is no communication between them, and adaptive adjustment cannot be effectively made, for example, a certain stage fails, and a later stage cannot make timing adjustment.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a modular multistage coil gun which has the characteristics of high firing speed, adjustable firing speed and power and high reliability.

In order to realize the purpose, the adopted specific technical scheme is as follows: a modularized multi-stage coil gun mainly comprises a projectile body, a plurality of propelling modules, a battery pack, a controller and a temperature sensor, wherein the propelling modules are connected with the controller through a bus.

The bullet body adopts ferromagnet and can be attracted by magnetic force, and the material can be iron, cobalt, nickel or alloy containing iron, cobalt and nickel. The projectile shape is a solid of revolution in the direction of launch, such as a cylinder, or a non-solid of revolution, such as a pie, cuboid; for a non-revolving body, the shape is not circularly symmetrical relative to the emission direction, so that a large emission angle is formed by air disturbance after emission, a larger area can be covered during high-speed continuous emission, and the hit probability can be effectively increased in a short distance.

The propulsion module mainly comprises a propulsion coil, a position sensor, a microprocessor, an address coding switch and a current switch component; the address coding switch is used for determining the address of the module, different modules have different addresses, and for information on the bus, if the address information is the same as the address of the module, the information is executed as an instruction, otherwise, the information is not processed; after receiving a working instruction on the bus, the microprocessor opens the electronic switch to supply power to the coil, starts the position sensor to observe the position of the projectile body in real time, closes the electronic switch to stop supplying power to the coil at a position (usually, the position is near the middle part of the coil) which enables the projectile body to leave at the maximum speed, and simultaneously sends feedback of an execution result to the bus; the propulsion coil is also shaped as a solid of revolution or a non-solid of revolution in the direction of launch.

The position sensor is an important component in the propulsion module and is used for carrying out real-time and high-precision observation on the position of the projectile body; the sensor is formed by connecting two groups of coils with opposite winding directions and the same number of turns in series, is positioned between a space envelope formed by the propelling coil and the projectile body and is sequentially arranged along the launching direction; when the propelling coil works, magnetic flux is generated, when the projectile body does not enter, the magnetic flux passing through the two sensor coils is the same in size, and because the winding directions of the two coils of the sensors are opposite, electromotive force generated by the change of the magnetic flux is mutually counteracted, and the output electromotive force is zero; when a ferromagnetic projectile enters, due to the fact that the two sensor coils have the sequence, magnetic flux changes of the two sensor coils are not the same, generated electromotive force cannot be completely offset, and therefore the electromotive force is output, and the accurate position of the projectile can be judged by detecting the size and the phase of the electromotive force; the sensor coil is also shaped as a solid of revolution or non-solid of revolution in the direction of transmission.

The battery pack adopts an electric core with extremely low internal resistance, because the coil needs hundreds, thousands or even thousands of amperes of current when working, the internal resistance of the general electric core is relatively high, great voltage drop can be caused when working, and sufficient current can not be provided; the battery pack directly supplies power to the propulsion coil, and an intermediate link of capacitor energy storage is not adopted, so that the time interval caused by charging between two times of transmission is greatly reduced.

The controller is connected with the plurality of propelling modules through the bus, and information interaction can be realized among the propelling modules; the main contents transmitted in the bus are: the method comprises the following steps of pushing a module address, a working instruction, an execution result, self-checking information and a fault code; for the launching of a single projectile, the controller sequentially sends working instructions to each propelling module according to a certain sequence, so that the multistage continuous propelling of the projectile can be completed, and meanwhile, the sequence is adjusted and optimized according to the execution result fed back by the propelling modules, so that the launching efficiency is improved; the continuous emission of a plurality of pieces can be realized by continuously repeating the instruction sequence, and the emission speed can be adjusted by changing the frequency of the repeated process; if the number and the time sequence of the propelling modules participating in the work are changed by the controller, the kinetic energy of the projectile body can be changed, and the adjustment of the transmitting power is realized; reducing the transmitting power means that part of the modules do not work in a single transmitting process, and for this reason, in the process of continuously transmitting a plurality of modules, the modules work alternately according to the principle that the working times of each module are the same or close to each other, so that the balance of heat productivity is realized, the stability is improved, and the service life is prolonged; when the system is started, the propulsion modules can perform self-checking once and send self-checking information to the bus, if a certain propulsion module cannot pass the self-checking, the controller disables the modules in the transmission process after receiving the information and adaptively adjusts the transmission time sequence to ensure that the whole system can continue to work, if the modules break down in the working process, the controller can send fault codes, and the controller can also make the adjustment of the disabled modules to ensure that the system can continue to run.

The temperature sensor feeds back the acquired temperature to the controller, and when the normal work of the system is possibly influenced by overhigh temperature, the controller can actively limit the shooting speed and the transmitting power and ensure that the temperature does not rise any more.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

firstly, the battery pack directly supplies power to the coil, and an intermediate link of capacitor energy storage is not adopted, so that the time interval caused by charging between two times of transmission is greatly reduced, and high-speed continuous transmission can be realized.

And the bus system can realize the interaction between the propulsion module and the controller, coordinate the control logic in real time to achieve the optimal working state, and simultaneously timely deal with and adjust the faults.

Compared with the traditional photoelectric position sensor which can only detect one position, the sensor adopted in the propulsion module can detect the position of the projectile in the propulsion coil in real time; meanwhile, the structure of the transmitting pipeline is not influenced by opening holes in the transmitting pipeline like a photoelectric sensor, the integral strength and sealing performance are improved, and in addition, the influence of external factors such as light, temperature and the like is hardly caused, and the reliability and stability are greatly improved.

The non-revolving body projectile body adopted in the invention is cake-shaped or cuboid, is more easily disturbed by air after going out of the chamber, can form a larger scattering angle, and can effectively increase the hit probability in a short distance.

And the modularized framework is matched with a bus type system, so that the self-adaption performance is stronger, the launching series can be conveniently expanded, and a road is paved for the practicability and productization of the multi-stage coil cannon.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a system configuration block diagram.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a position sensor assembly.

In the figure: 1. a battery; 2. a controller; 3. a propulsion module; 4. a bus; 5. a temperature sensor; 6. a body of elastomer; 201. asensor coil 1; 202. asensor coil 2; 203. a connection point; 204. a propulsion coil.

Detailed Description

The invention is elucidated below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a system, in which abattery 1 supplies power to apropulsion module 3 and acontroller 2, thecontroller 2 and thepropulsion module 3 are connected by abus 4, atemperature sensor 5 is connected to thecontroller 2, and when thecontroller 2 sends a launch command to thepropulsion module 3 by thebus 4, aprojectile body 6 can be launched; thepropulsion module 3 and thebus 4 can be expanded to realize multi-stage continuous propulsion.

Fig. 2 illustrates a position sensor in thepropulsion module 3, which is composed of asensor coil 201 and asensor coil 202, which are connected in series via aconnection point 203 and then placed in apropulsion coil 204.

Claims (10)

1. A coil gun propulsion module is characterized in that: the device comprises a propulsion coil, a position sensor, a microprocessor, an address coding switch and a current switch component; the microprocessor can control the current switch assembly to carry out current on-off operation on the coil, can judge the position of the launched projectile in the coil in real time according to the position sensor, and can read the module identification address set by the address coding switch.

2. The coil cannon propulsion module of claim 1, wherein: the position sensor consists of two groups of coils, is positioned on the inner side of the propelling coil and is sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the propelling coil, and the two groups of coils are opposite in winding direction and are connected in series.

3. The coil cannon propulsion module of claim 1, wherein: the propulsion coils and position sensors are shaped as solid or non-solid bodies of revolution in the direction of launch.

4. The utility model provides a multistage coil big gun of modularization which characterized in that: comprising a plurality of propulsion modules as claimed in claim 1, a projectile body, a battery, a controller, a temperature sensor, each propulsion module and controller being connected using a bus.

5. A modular multistage coil cannon according to claim 4, in which: the propulsion coils in the propulsion module are directly powered using batteries.

6. A modular multistage coil cannon according to claim 4, in which: the content transmitted by the bus comprises the address of the propulsion module, a current opening instruction, current closing feedback, self-checking information and a fault code.

7. A modular multistage coil cannon according to claim 4, in which: the controller adjusts the emission speed by changing the frequency of the current opening instruction sequence, and adjusts the emission power by changing the number of the corresponding push module block addresses of the opening instructions.

8. A modular multistage coil cannon according to claim 4, in which: the controller obtains the temperature through temperature sensor, reduces shooting speed and transmitting power when overheated to the temperature rise is too high is avoided to the alternative use of different propulsion modules.

9. A modular multistage coil cannon according to claim 4, in which: the bullet is ferromagnetic, and the material is one of iron, cobalt, nickel.

10. A modular multistage coil cannon according to claim 4, in which: the shape of the projectile body is a revolving body or a non-revolving body in the launching direction, and is one of a cylinder and a cuboid.

Images