CN114061431A - Method and instrument for detecting thickness of surface straw - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明属于农业机械技术领域，且公开了一种地表秸秆厚度检测方法及检测仪器，包括位姿传感模块、探针组件、轮缘、轴碗、电导率传感模块、轴碗端盖、紧固螺栓。本发明能够实时检测地表秸秆的覆盖厚度，在地表秸秆厚度检测仪器作业一周的过程中，可以提供2个秸秆覆盖厚度值。其检测范围可以精确到作业点，而不是针对某一地区秸秆覆盖量的大致统计和粗略估计。作业过程中，本发明的探针组件会先与秸秆接触，然后探针组件会与土壤接触，探针组件的末端连接有电导率传感模块，基于秸秆与土壤的电导率有巨大差异的特点，当探针组件与土壤接触的瞬间，本发明可以立即感知出秸秆‑土壤交界面的位置，因此本发明具有响应迅速的优势。

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a surface straw thickness detection method and a detection instrument, comprising a position and attitude sensing module, a probe assembly, a wheel rim, a shaft bowl, a conductivity sensing module, a shaft bowl end cover, Tighten the bolts. The present invention can detect the mulching thickness of the ground straw in real time, and can provide 2 straw mulching thickness values during the operation of the surface straw thickness detecting instrument for one week. The detection range can be accurate to the operating point, rather than the rough statistics and rough estimation of the amount of straw mulching in a certain area. During the operation, the probe assembly of the present invention will first come into contact with the straw, and then the probe assembly will contact with the soil. The end of the probe assembly is connected with a conductivity sensing module, which is based on the characteristic that the electrical conductivity of the straw and the soil is greatly different. , when the probe assembly is in contact with the soil, the present invention can immediately sense the position of the straw-soil interface, so the present invention has the advantage of rapid response.

Description

Method and instrument for detecting thickness of surface straw

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a method and an instrument for detecting the thickness of ground straw.

Background

Straw mulching is one of the important characteristics of protective farming, and in recent years, with the popularization and application of a large number of protective farming modes, a large number of no-tillage seeding machines appear. Cutting off the straw covered on the ground is the first operation procedure of the no-tillage planter, but the current operation condition is as follows: no matter how thick the straw covering layer is, the stubble breaking device on the no-tillage seeding machine adopts constant downward pressure, and the whole machine operates at constant advancing speed. As an upstream technology for researching and developing a stubble breaking device of a no-tillage seeder, a method and a device for detecting the thickness of surface straws are provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method and a device for detecting the thickness of surface straws. The instrument can be carried at the front end of a no-tillage seeder for use, and has the effect of detecting the coverage thickness of the ground straws in real time. The invention provides the following technical scheme: a surface straw thickness detection method is to use a surface straw thickness detection instrument for detection, wherein the surface straw thickness detection instrument comprises a pose sensing module, a probe assembly, a wheel rim, a shaft bowl, a conductivity sensing module, a shaft bowl end cover and a fastening bolt; the posture sensing module is fixedly connected to the probe assembly, the middle section of the probe assembly is embedded in the probe assembly embedding hole of the rim, the tail end of the probe assembly is fixedly connected in the probe assembly positioning hole of the shaft bowl, the tail end part of the probe assembly in the shaft bowl is fixedly connected with the conductivity sensing module, and 2 shaft bowl end covers are fixedly connected to the end part of the shaft bowl through 4 fastening bolts respectively;

the detection method comprises the following steps:

when the probe assembly is in contact with soil, the real-time conductivity value detected by the conductivity sensing module is within a set threshold range, and at the moment, the pose sensing module records the included angle between the probe assembly and the vertical downward direction.

Preferably, the thickness of the surface straw is obtained by the following formula:

h＝l×cosθ-d，

wherein h is the thickness of the straw on the ground surface, l is the distance from the axial lead of the mounting shaft to the soil-entering tip on the probe assembly, theta is the included angle between the probe assembly and the vertical downward direction recorded by the pose sensing module when the probe assembly just contacts with soil, and d is the radius of the rim.

Preferably, the probe assembly is made of austenitic stainless steel, each probe assembly comprises 4 probes, the 4 probes are arranged in a 20mm x 40mm rectangular mode, and each probe comprises an earth penetrating tip, a probe body and a shaft bowl fixing hole.

Preferably, the rim comprises inner wall, probe assembly inlay hole and rim main part, and the rim main part is the epoxy material, and probe assembly inlay hole is 8 through-holes that the diameter that only dredges on the rim main part is 8 mm.

Preferably, the shaft bowl is made of epoxy resin, the shaft bowl comprises a shaft bowl main body, a probe assembly positioning hole, a shaft bowl end cover fixing hole and a probe fixing hole, and the probe assembly positioning hole and the probe fixing hole are through holes.

Preferably, the axle bowl end cover comprises a bolt mounting through hole and a mounting axle.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method and a device for detecting the thickness of surface straws, which have the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention can detect the covering thickness of the straw on the ground in real time, and can provide 2 values of the covering thickness of the straw in the process of operating the straw thickness detector for one week. The detection range of the invention can be accurate to the operation point, and is not approximate statistics and rough estimation aiming at the straw coverage in a certain area. In addition, the invention also has the advantage of accurate detection result, and the detection result can be accurate to millimeter level.

2. In the actual operation process, the probe assembly is firstly contacted with the corn straws, then the probe assembly is contacted with the soil, the tail end of the probe assembly is connected with the conductivity sensing module, based on the characteristic that the conductivity of the straws is greatly different from that of the soil, when the probe assembly is positioned on a straw layer, the conductivity sensing module can detect the conductivity value fluctuating within a certain range, and when the probe assembly is contacted with the soil, the conductivity value detected by the conductivity sensing module generates step mutation, so the invention can immediately sense the position of a straw-soil interface, and has the advantage of quick response.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partially exploded three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a probe assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the wheel rim of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a shaft bowl of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the axle-bowl end cap of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the working state of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the detection principle of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a pose sensing module; 2. a probe assembly; 3. a rim; 4. a shaft bowl; 5. a conductivity sensing module; 6. a shaft bowl end cover; 7. fastening a bolt; 21. digging a tip; 22. a probe body; 23. a shaft bowl fixing hole; 31. an inner wall; 32. embedding holes of the probe assembly; 33. a rim body; 41. a shaft bowl main body; 42. positioning holes of the probe assembly; 43. a shaft bowl end cover fixing hole; 44. a probe fixing hole; 61. a bolt mounting through hole; 62. and (4) installing a shaft.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Please refer to fig. 1-7. Themounting shaft 62 of the invention is arranged on a special mechanism of the no-tillage planter supporting the mounting shaft, and the surface straw thickness detecting instrument of the invention can roll under the pushing of the no-tillage planter. At the moment shown in fig. 6, theprobe assembly 2 just penetrates through the straw covering layer and then contacts with soil, in the process, the conductivity value detected by theconductivity sensing module 5 is changed from the conductivity of the straw to the conductivity of the soil, and at the moment, the pose sensing module 1 records the included angle theta between theprobe assembly 2 and the vertical downward direction. For a surface straw thickness measuring instrument of the present invention, the radius d of the rim 3 and the distance l from the axial line of themounting shaft 62 to the soil-enteringtip 21 on theprobe assembly 2 are known by formula

h＝l×cosθ-d，

The thickness of the surface straw can be obtained in real time, wherein h is the thickness of the surface straw.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. A method for detecting thickness of surface straw is characterized by comprising the following steps: the detection method comprises the steps that a surface straw thickness detection instrument is used for detection, and the surface straw thickness detection instrument comprises a pose sensing module (1), a probe assembly (2), a rim (3), a shaft bowl (4), a conductivity sensing module (5), a shaft bowl end cover (6) and a fastening bolt (7); the pose sensing module (1) is fixedly connected to the probe assembly (2), the middle section of the probe assembly (2) is embedded in a probe assembly embedding hole (32) of the rim (3), the tail end of the probe assembly (2) is fixedly connected into a probe assembly positioning hole (42) of the shaft bowl (4), the tail end part of the probe assembly (2) in the shaft bowl (4) is fixedly connected with the conductivity sensing module (5), and 2 shaft bowl end covers (6) are fixedly connected to the end part of the shaft bowl (4) through 4 fastening bolts (7) respectively;

the detection method comprises the following steps:

when the probe assembly (2) is in contact with soil, the real-time conductivity value detected by the conductivity sensing module (5) is within a set threshold range, and at the moment, the pose sensing module (1) records the included angle between the probe assembly (2) and the vertical downward direction.

2. The method for detecting thickness of the ground straw according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the thickness of the surface straw is obtained by the following formula:

h＝l×cosθ-d，

wherein h is the thickness of the straw on the ground surface, l is the distance from the axial lead of the mounting shaft (62) to the soil-entering tip (21) on the probe assembly (2), theta is the included angle between the probe assembly (2) and the vertical downward direction recorded by the pose sensing module (1) when the probe assembly (2) is just in contact with soil, and d is the radius of the rim (3).

3. The utility model provides a ground straw thickness detection instrument which characterized in that: the device comprises a pose sensing module (1), a probe assembly (2), a wheel rim (3), a shaft bowl (4), a conductivity sensing module (5), a shaft bowl end cover (6) and a fastening bolt (7); pose sensing module (1) rigid coupling is on probe subassembly (2), the middle section of probe subassembly (2) is inlayed in probe subassembly inlay hole (32) of rim (3), the terminal rigid coupling of probe subassembly (2) is in probe subassembly locating hole (42) of axle bowl (4), probe subassembly (2) terminal portion rigid coupling in axle bowl (4) has conductivity sensing module (5), 2 axle bowl end cover (6) are respectively through the tip of 4 fastening bolt (7) rigid couplings in axle bowl (4).

4. The surface straw thickness detection instrument of claim 3, wherein: the probe assembly (2) is made of austenitic stainless steel, each probe assembly (2) comprises 4 probes, the 4 probes are arranged in a 20mm x 40mm rectangular mode, each probe comprises an earth-entering tip (21), a probe body (22) and a shaft bowl fixing hole (23).

5. The surface straw thickness detection instrument of claim 3, wherein: rim (3) are inlayed hole (32) and rim main part (33) by inner wall (31), probe subassembly and are constituteed, and rim main part (33) are the epoxy material, and probe subassembly inlays hole (32) and is 8 through-holes that the diameter of only getting through on rim main part (33) is 8 mm.

6. The surface straw thickness detection instrument of claim 3, wherein: the shaft bowl (4) is made of epoxy resin, the shaft bowl (4) comprises a shaft bowl main body (41), a probe assembly positioning hole (42), a shaft bowl end cover fixing hole (43) and a probe fixing hole (44), and the probe assembly positioning hole (42) and the probe fixing hole (44) are through holes.

7. The surface straw thickness detection instrument of claim 3, wherein: the shaft bowl end cover (6) comprises a bolt mounting through hole (61) and a mounting shaft (62).

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