denotes the normalized value, x_iRepresenting the detected value, x_minRepresenting the minimum detection value, x_maxRepresenting the maximum detection value.

wherein the state estimation value satisfies

And the weight satisfies

The total mean square error is then:

since the detection values are independent of each other and are unbiased estimates of a, an unbiased estimate of a is obtained

E＝[(a-a_i)(a-a_j)]＝0,(i,j＝1,2…n,i≠j)；

The total mean square error can be obtained:

according to the theory of extreme value of multivariate function, the current value can be obtained

And then, establishing a state model according to the corresponding minimum mean square error:

wherein,

representing a sensor state value, a_iRepresenting sensor measurements, p_iRepresenting sensor weight, i representing sensor, S²Representing the total mean square error, n representing the number of sensors,

having the advantage of viewing state estimation, delta²The variance is indicated.

In order to accurately acquire farmland environment detection data, a plurality of sensors are arranged to monitor various environmental factors in real time, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and an illumination sensor are arranged on each node to acquire detection values of the sensors, the acquired similar sensor data are firstly grouped, then local self-adaptive weighted fusion is carried out on each group of data, and then the data of the similar sensors are fused by a self-adaptive weighted fusion algorithm to obtain an optimal fusion result. The self-adaptive fusion process is to calculate the variance of the initial measurement value of each sensor, calculate the total mean square error, and multiply the obtained optimal weight by the initial value to obtain the optimal fusion result.

The heterogeneous sensor adopts a BP neural network algorithm to analyze data, has high speed and high precision, and is beneficial to realizing the accurate regulation and control of an irrigation system.

Preferably, the alarm unit 900 includes a buzzer and an LED warning light set. Real-time acousto-optic combination alarm is carried out through the buzzer and the LED alarm lamp set, and a good alarm effect is achieved.

Specifically, the wireless communication connection includes any one or more of GPRS, WIFI, 4G, and 5G communications. By adopting the wireless communication modes for transmission and feedback, the wireless communication system has the characteristic of diversification and is convenient to use.

Specifically, the data acquisition mechanism 100 comprises a temperature detection unit 110, a humidity detection unit 120 and an illumination detection unit 130, wherein the temperature detection unit 110 is a plurality of temperature sensors 111-11 n arranged in an array, the humidity detection unit 120 is a plurality of humidity sensors 121-12 m arranged in an array, and the illumination detection unit 130 is a plurality of illumination sensors 131-13 k arranged in an array.

Specifically, theirrigation actuator 800 includes a primary motor 810, a secondary motor 820, a primary pump 811, a secondary pump 812, a water outlet conduit, a plurality ofirrigation devices 830, an irrigation well 830, and awater reservoir 840.

The main pump 811 is in transmission connection with the main motor 810, the auxiliary pump 821 is in transmission connection with the auxiliary motor 820, the water outlet pipeline is communicated with the water outlet ends of the main pump 811 and the auxiliary pump 821, and the plurality ofirrigation devices 830 are connected in parallel with one another on the water outlet pipeline.

The water inlet ends of the main pump 811 and the auxiliary pump 821 are communicated with the irrigation well 830 and thereservoir 840 through a water inlet pipeline, an auxiliarypressure relief valve 822 is arranged at the position where the water outlet pipeline is communicated with the irrigation device, and a main pressure relief valve 812 is arranged at the water outlet end of the water outlet pipeline close to the main pump and the auxiliary pump.

Specifically,irrigation device 830 includes a base, a support bracket 831, a showerhead 832, and a controller 833. Support frame 831 rotatable support is on the base, and shower head 832 can dismantle connection support frame 831 one end to can be along with the 360 rotations of support frame, and with outlet pipe UNICOM, controller 833 and support frame 831 andsupplementary relief valve 822 electric connection can adjust the rotation rate of support frame 831 and the pressure that sprays of shower head 832 according to irrigation operation instruction.

Further, theirrigation executing mechanism 800 further includes a pressure sensor disposed on the water outlet pipeline of the main pressure relief valve, which is far away from the water outlet ends of the main pump and the auxiliary pump. The pressure sensor can monitor the pressure of the water outlet pipeline at any time, so that the main control unit can give an alarm and open the main pressure release valve when the pressure of the water outlet pipeline exceeds the set pressure, and the water outlet pipeline is safely monitored and protected.

Further, theirrigation actuator 800 further comprises an irrigation water circulation system, and the irrigation water circulation system comprises acirculation motor 851, a circulation pump 852, a sedimentation tank 854 and a drainage channel 855. The drain 855 is used for collecting unnecessary irrigation water, and the sedimentation tank 845 and the drain UNICOM, the irrigation main control unit is connected to circulatingmotor 851, and circulating pump 852 is gone into the water end and is linked together via inlet tube and sedimentation tank 854, and the play water end is linked together via outlet pipe andcistern 850, and is connected with the circulating motor transmission, still including setting up theend filter 853 that entries at circulating pump 852 and setting up at sedimentation tank 854 level sensor 854 a.

Irrigation water is collected to the sedimentation tank through blowdown canal, through the sediment after, filters, recycles water pump to cistern to realize recycling, thereby saves the water resource.

As shown in fig. 2, an intelligent farmland irrigation method based on the internet of things comprises the following steps:

s110, acquiring detection data of a plurality of sensors by a data acquisition mechanism, and uploading the detection data to a cloud end through wireless communication;

s120, the cloud retrieves the growth characteristic data of the current crop from the crop growth characteristic database according to the current crop variety to obtain the target humidity;

s130, the background service unit performs homogeneous fusion on the detection data to obtain a state value, inputs the state value and the target humidity into a prediction model to obtain irrigation density and irrigation time, generates an irrigation instruction and issues the irrigation instruction to a monitoring interface and the mobile terminal;

s140, the irrigation main control unit obtains an irrigation instruction and calculates the rotation speed and the spraying pressure of the support frame of the irrigation device according to the irrigation instruction;

s150, the mobile terminal confirms to execute the irrigation instruction;

and S160, controlling the irrigation device to irrigate the farmland by the irrigation executing mechanism according to the rotating speed and the spraying pressure.

Further, the method further comprises the step of sending alarm information to the mobile terminal when the detection data exceed the threshold value.

The above descriptions are only examples of the present invention, and common general knowledge of known specific structures, characteristics, and the like in the schemes is not described herein too much, and it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the invention, and these will not affect the effect of the invention and the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a farmland intelligence irrigation system based on thing networking which characterized in that includes:

the alarm unit is electrically connected with the data acquisition mechanism;

the cloud end is in wireless communication connection with the database and the data acquisition mechanism, can acquire detection data of the data acquisition mechanism, and calls crop growth characteristic data according to the current farmland crop variety to form cloud end data;

the background service unit is connected with the cloud end and used for storing and analyzing the cloud end data and generating an irrigation operation instruction based on a multi-sensor information fusion algorithm;

the mobile terminal is in wireless communication connection with the background service unit and can acquire the irrigation operation instruction;

the monitoring interface is connected with the output end of the background service unit and is used for displaying the irrigation operation instruction;

2. An intelligent farmland irrigation system based on the internet of things as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wireless communication connection comprises any one or more of GPRS, WIFI, 4G and 5G communication.

3. The Internet of things-based farmland intelligent irrigation system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the data acquisition mechanism comprises a temperature detection unit, a humidity detection unit and an illumination detection unit;

4. The Internet of things-based farmland intelligent irrigation system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the irrigation actuator comprises:

a main motor;

a secondary motor;

the main pump is in transmission connection with the main motor;

the auxiliary pump is in transmission connection with the auxiliary motor;

the irrigation device comprises a main pump, an auxiliary pump, an irrigation well, a reservoir, an outlet pipeline, an auxiliary pressure relief valve, a water outlet pipeline and a main pressure relief valve, wherein the water inlet ends of the main pump and the auxiliary pump are communicated with the irrigation well and the reservoir through the water inlet pipeline, the auxiliary pressure relief valve is arranged at the position where the outlet pipeline is communicated with the irrigation device, and the main pressure relief valve is arranged at the water outlet end of the outlet pipeline, which is close to the main pump and the auxiliary pump.

5. The Internet of things-based farmland intelligent irrigation system according to claim 4, wherein the irrigation device comprises:

a base;

a support frame rotatably supported on the base;

and the controller is electrically connected with the support frame and the auxiliary pressure release valve, and can adjust the rotation speed of the support frame and the spraying pressure of the spraying head according to the irrigation operation instruction.

6. The Internet of things-based farmland intelligent irrigation system according to claim 5, wherein: the auxiliary pump is arranged on the main pressure release valve, and the pressure sensor is arranged on a water outlet pipeline of the main pressure release valve, which is far away from the water outlet ends of the main pump and the auxiliary pump.

7. An intelligent farmland irrigation system based on the internet of things as claimed in claim 6, wherein: still include irrigation water circulation system, irrigation water circulation system includes:

a drainage channel for collecting excess irrigation water;

a settling tank in communication with the drainage channel;

the circulating motor is connected with the irrigation main control unit;

the water inlet end of the circulating pump is communicated with the sedimentation tank through a water inlet pipe, and the water outlet end of the circulating pump is communicated with the water storage tank through a water outlet pipe and is in transmission connection with the circulating motor;

8. The internet of things-based farmland intelligent irrigation system as claimed in claim 7, wherein said multi-sensor information fusion algorithm comprises:

respectively calculating the variance and the total mean square error of the temperature detection data, the humidity detection data and the illumination detection data to obtain a function equation of the total mean square error relative to the weight of the sensor, and analyzing the function equation to obtain a temperature state model, a humidity state model and an illumination state model so as to obtain a state value of the detection data;

establishing a prediction model based on a BP neural network algorithm, wherein the input layer of the prediction model is the state value and the target humidity, and the output layer of the prediction model is irrigation density and irrigation time;

and acquiring the state value of the measurement data in real time, calling the target humidity required by the current crop growth, inputting the target humidity into the prediction model to obtain the irrigation density and the irrigation time, and generating an irrigation operation instruction.

9. An intelligent farmland irrigation method based on the Internet of things, which uses the intelligent farmland irrigation system based on the Internet of things of claims 1-8, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the cloud retrieves the growth characteristic data of the current crop from a crop growth characteristic database according to the current crop variety to obtain a target humidity;

the background service unit performs homogeneous fusion on the detection data to obtain a state value, inputs the state value and the target humidity into a prediction model to obtain irrigation density and irrigation time, generates an irrigation instruction and issues the irrigation instruction to a monitoring interface and a mobile terminal;

the mobile terminal confirms to execute the irrigation instruction;

and the irrigation executing mechanism controls the irrigation device to execute farmland irrigation according to the rotating speed and the spraying pressure.

10. The intelligent farmland irrigation method based on the internet of things as claimed in claim 9, further comprising sending alarm information to a mobile terminal when the detection data exceeds a threshold value.