Vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber and vacuum circuit breakerTechnical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric vacuum switches, in particular to a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber and a vacuum circuit breaker.
Background
The vacuum interrupter is an important component of the vacuum circuit breaker, and the contacts of the vacuum interrupter need to conduct rated working current under normal conditions and break fault current under fault conditions, so that good breaking capability is required.
The Chinese patent publication No. CN202307674U discloses a vacuum interrupter and a vacuum circuit breaker using the vacuum interrupter, which comprises an upper contact composed of an upper main contact (namely an upper main contact) and an upper arc contact and a lower contact composed of a lower main contact (namely a lower main contact) and a lower arc contact, wherein the upper arc contact and the lower arc contact are made of fusion welding resistant contact materials. The upper arc contact is fixed at the lower end of the upper conducting rod, the upper conducting rod is communicated with the upper main contact through a watchband contact finger on the upper arc contact, a limiting pad is arranged at the upper end of the upper conducting rod, and an upper contact spring is arranged above the limiting pad. The lower arc contact is fixed on the lower main contact, the lower main contact is fixed at the upper end of the lower conducting rod, and the lower conducting rod is connected with the breaker operating mechanism through an insulating pull rod with a main contact spring.
When the switch is closed, the operating mechanism drives the lower conducting rod, the lower main contact and the lower arc contact to move upwards together until the lower arc contact is contacted with the upper arc contact, then the lower arc contact continues to move upwards together with the upper arc contact, so that the upper contact spring at the upper end of the upper conducting rod is compressed until the upper main contact and the lower main contact start to be contacted, the main contact spring starts to be compressed, and is reliably closed under the action of contact pressure, and high current is borne by the upper main contact and the lower main contact. When the switch is opened, the compression of the main contact spring is released, and the lower conducting rod, the lower main contact and the lower arc contact are driven by the operating mechanism to move downwards, so that the compression of the upper contact spring is released. At this time, the upper conducting rod drives the upper arc contact to move downwards together with the lower arc contact, the upper main contact is separated from the lower main contact, the upper arc contact and the lower arc contact are still in a conducting state until the limiting pad is in contact with the upper end of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber to stop moving downwards with the upper arc contact after limiting, and at this time, the lower conducting rod continues to move downwards under the driving of the operating mechanism until the opening is limited, so that the opening action of the circuit breaker is completed.
In the switching-on and switching-off process, an electric arc is generated between the upper arc contact and the lower arc contact, although the upper arc contact and the lower arc contact adopt fusion welding-resistant contact materials, the surface burning loss of the contact is lighter, and the upper end face of the lower arc contact is higher than the upper end face of the lower main contact, but in the switching-off state, the upper arc contact and the lower arc contact are of course flush with the lower end face of the upper main contact when just switching-on or just switching-off, namely the lower end face of the upper arc contact and the lower end face of the upper main contact have no staggered distance in the up-down direction, and thus the generated electric arc can be easily transferred to the upper main contact, and the ablation of the upper main contact is caused.
Aiming at the problems, if only the lower end face of the upper main contact is moved upwards or the lower end face of the upper arc contact is moved downwards, the lower end face of the upper arc contact and the lower end face of the upper main contact are staggered by a distance in the up-down direction, the lower main contact can be contacted with the upper main contact only by a larger upward movement stroke, and the lower movement stroke can be separated from the upper main contact, namely the movement stroke of the lower conducting rod is increased, so that the opening and closing time is prolonged, the longitudinal dimension of the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber is increased, and meanwhile, the output stroke of an operating mechanism is also required to be higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber capable of reducing ablation of an upper main contact and not increasing the moving stroke of a lower conducting rod, and also aims to provide a vacuum circuit breaker capable of reducing ablation of an upper main contact and not increasing the moving stroke of a lower conducting rod.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A vacuum interrupter, comprising:
A housing;
the upper end of the lower contact rod stretches into the shell, and the lower end of the lower contact rod is in transmission connection with the operating mechanism, so that the lower contact rod can move up and down relative to the shell to realize opening and closing;
The lower main contact is arranged at the upper end of the lower contact rod;
the lower arc contact is in conductive connection with the lower main contact, and the upper end face of the lower arc contact is higher than the upper end face of the lower main contact;
The lower end of the upper contact rod extends into the shell, and the upper contact rod can be assembled on the shell in a vertically movable way;
a return spring for being deformed by force when the upper contact rod moves upward to provide a return power for the downward movement of the upper contact rod;
the upper arc contact is arranged at the lower end of the upper contact rod;
the upper main contact is in conductive connection with the upper arc contact;
when the switch is in the switch-off state, the lower end face of the upper main contact is higher than the lower end face of the upper arc contact, a lever linkage mechanism is arranged between the upper main contact and the upper contact rod and comprises a lever, one end of the lever is in transmission connection with the upper main contact, and the other end of the lever is in transmission connection with the upper contact rod, so that the upper contact rod drives the upper main contact to synchronously and reversely move through the lever linkage mechanism when moving up and down.
The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that the lower end face of the upper main contact is higher than the lower end face of the upper arc contact in the opening state, namely the lower end face of the upper main contact and the lower end face of the upper arc contact are staggered in the vertical direction, and the lower end face of the upper main contact is far away from the lower end face of the upper arc contact, so that electric arcs generated between the upper arc contact and the lower arc contact are difficult to transfer to the upper main contact in the opening and closing process, and the ablation of the upper main contact can be reduced.
Meanwhile, as the lever linkage mechanism is arranged between the upper main contact and the upper contact rod, the lever linkage mechanism comprises a lever, one end of the lever is in transmission connection with the upper main contact, and the other end of the lever is in transmission connection with the upper contact rod, the lever plays a role in reversing, so that the upper main contact can be driven to synchronously move reversely by the lever linkage mechanism when the upper contact rod moves up and down, namely, when the upper contact rod is switched on, the upper contact rod moves up under the pushing of the lower contact rod, and the upper main contact can synchronously move down, so that the upper main contact rod can be contacted with the lower main contact, the upward movement stroke of the lower contact rod is saved, the switching-on time can be shortened, the longitudinal size of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber can be reduced, and meanwhile, the requirement on the output stroke of an operating mechanism can be reduced.
Conversely, when the brake is separated, the upper contact rod moves downwards to reset under the action of the reset spring, and the upper main contact moves upwards under the action of the lever linkage mechanism, so that the upper main contact can be quickly separated from the lower main contact, the downward moving stroke of the lower contact rod is saved, and the brake separating time can be shortened. And in the upward moving process of the upper main contact, the lower end face of the upper main contact and the lower end face of the upper arc contact are quickly pulled apart in the up-down direction, so that the lower end face of the upper main contact is moved to the upper side of the lower end face of the upper arc contact at the moment when the upper arc contact and the lower arc contact are separated, the arc generated between the upper arc contact and the lower arc contact is not easy to transfer to the upper main contact, and the ablation of the upper main contact is reduced.
Further, for ease of arrangement and assembly, the upper main contacts are disposed outside of the upper arcing contacts.
Further, in order to facilitate the arrangement and installation of the upper main contact, the upper end of the shell is provided with an upper cover plate, the upper cover plate is fixedly provided with a conductive tube which extends up and down and the lower end of which stretches into the shell, the upper main contact is arranged outside the conductive tube and is in sliding contact conductive fit with the outer wall of the conductive tube, and the upper contact rod vertically penetrates through the conductive tube.
Further, in order to facilitate arrangement and assembly of the lever linkage mechanism, the lever linkage mechanism further comprises a barrel arranged above the shell, the barrel is provided with a barrel bottom wall and a barrel side wall, the barrel bottom wall is fixedly connected with the top end of the conductive pipe, the top end of the upper contact rod stretches into the barrel, the lever is rotatably arranged in the barrel, the lever linkage mechanism further comprises a linkage rod, one end of the linkage rod is connected with the upper main contact, the other end of the linkage rod penetrates through the upper cover plate and the barrel bottom wall and stretches into the barrel, one end of the lever is in transmission connection with the linkage rod, and the other end of the lever is in transmission connection with the upper contact rod.
Further, in order to conveniently realize the conductive connection between the upper contact rod and the upper main contact, clearance fit is arranged between the upper contact rod and the conductive pipe, a conductive block is fixed on the bottom wall of the cylinder body in the cylinder body, the upper end of the upper contact rod penetrates through the conductive block, the upper contact rod is in plug-in conductive fit with the conductive block, and the conductive block is in conductive connection with the conductive pipe through the bottom wall of the cylinder body.
Further, in order to facilitate the transmission connection between the upper contact rod and the lever, the upper end of the upper contact rod is connected with a gland, and the gland is in transmission connection with the lever.
Furthermore, in order to facilitate the movement of the lever, the lever is prevented from being blocked, and transition connecting rods are respectively connected between the gland and the lever and between the linkage rod and the lever.
Further, in order to facilitate the movement of the gland, the gland is sleeved outside the conductive block, and the gland is in guiding sliding fit with the conductive block in the up-down direction.
Further, in order to facilitate arrangement of the reset spring, a fixing plate is fixedly arranged in the cylinder body and located above the gland, a stop column extending downwards is fixed on the fixing plate, the lower end face of the stop column is used for being in stop fit with the upper end face of the gland during closing, the reset spring is sleeved on the stop column, one end of the reset spring is propped against the fixing plate, and the other end of the reset spring is propped against the gland.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the vacuum circuit breaker of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A vacuum circuit breaker, includes operating mechanism and the vacuum interrupter who links to each other with operating mechanism, and vacuum interrupter includes:
A housing;
the upper end of the lower contact rod stretches into the shell, and the lower end of the lower contact rod is in transmission connection with the operating mechanism, so that the lower contact rod can move up and down relative to the shell to realize opening and closing;
The lower main contact is arranged at the upper end of the lower contact rod;
the lower arc contact is in conductive connection with the lower main contact, and the upper end face of the lower arc contact is higher than the upper end face of the lower main contact;
The lower end of the upper contact rod extends into the shell, and the upper contact rod can be assembled on the shell in a vertically movable way;
a return spring for being deformed by force when the upper contact rod moves upward to provide a return power for the downward movement of the upper contact rod;
the upper arc contact is arranged at the lower end of the upper contact rod;
the upper main contact is in conductive connection with the upper arc contact;
when the switch is in the switch-off state, the lower end face of the upper main contact is higher than the lower end face of the upper arc contact, a lever linkage mechanism is arranged between the upper main contact and the upper contact rod and comprises a lever, one end of the lever is in transmission connection with the upper main contact, and the other end of the lever is in transmission connection with the upper contact rod, so that the upper contact rod drives the upper main contact to synchronously and reversely move through the lever linkage mechanism when moving up and down.
The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that the lower end face of the upper main contact is higher than the lower end face of the upper arc contact in the opening state, namely the lower end face of the upper main contact and the lower end face of the upper arc contact are staggered in the vertical direction, and the lower end face of the upper main contact is far away from the lower end face of the upper arc contact, so that electric arcs generated between the upper arc contact and the lower arc contact are difficult to transfer to the upper main contact in the opening and closing process, and the ablation of the upper main contact can be reduced.
Meanwhile, as the lever linkage mechanism is arranged between the upper main contact and the upper contact rod, the lever linkage mechanism comprises a lever, one end of the lever is in transmission connection with the upper main contact, and the other end of the lever is in transmission connection with the upper contact rod, the lever plays a role in reversing, so that the upper main contact can be driven to synchronously move reversely by the lever linkage mechanism when the upper contact rod moves up and down, namely, when the upper contact rod is switched on, the upper contact rod moves up under the pushing of the lower contact rod, and the upper main contact can synchronously move down, so that the upper main contact rod can be contacted with the lower main contact, the upward movement stroke of the lower contact rod is saved, the switching-on time can be shortened, the longitudinal size of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber can be reduced, and meanwhile, the requirement on the output stroke of an operating mechanism can be reduced.
Conversely, when the brake is separated, the upper contact rod moves downwards to reset under the action of the reset spring, and the upper main contact moves upwards under the action of the lever linkage mechanism, so that the upper main contact can be quickly separated from the lower main contact, the downward moving stroke of the lower contact rod is saved, and the brake separating time can be shortened. And in the upward moving process of the upper main contact, the lower end face of the upper main contact and the lower end face of the upper arc contact are quickly pulled apart in the up-down direction, so that the lower end face of the upper main contact is moved to the upper side of the lower end face of the upper arc contact at the moment when the upper arc contact and the lower arc contact are separated, the arc generated between the upper arc contact and the lower arc contact is not easy to transfer to the upper main contact, and the ablation of the upper main contact is reduced.
Further, for ease of arrangement and assembly, the upper main contacts are disposed outside of the upper arcing contacts.
Further, in order to facilitate the arrangement and installation of the upper main contact, the upper end of the shell is provided with an upper cover plate, the upper cover plate is fixedly provided with a conductive tube which extends up and down and the lower end of which stretches into the shell, the upper main contact is arranged outside the conductive tube and is in sliding contact conductive fit with the outer wall of the conductive tube, and the upper contact rod vertically penetrates through the conductive tube.
Further, in order to facilitate arrangement and assembly of the lever linkage mechanism, the lever linkage mechanism further comprises a barrel arranged above the shell, the barrel is provided with a barrel bottom wall and a barrel side wall, the barrel bottom wall is fixedly connected with the top end of the conductive pipe, the top end of the upper contact rod stretches into the barrel, the lever is rotatably arranged in the barrel, the lever linkage mechanism further comprises a linkage rod, one end of the linkage rod is connected with the upper main contact, the other end of the linkage rod penetrates through the upper cover plate and the barrel bottom wall and stretches into the barrel, one end of the lever is in transmission connection with the linkage rod, and the other end of the lever is in transmission connection with the upper contact rod.
Further, in order to conveniently realize the conductive connection between the upper contact rod and the upper main contact, clearance fit is arranged between the upper contact rod and the conductive pipe, a conductive block is fixed on the bottom wall of the cylinder body in the cylinder body, the upper end of the upper contact rod penetrates through the conductive block, the upper contact rod is in plug-in conductive fit with the conductive block, and the conductive block is in conductive connection with the conductive pipe through the bottom wall of the cylinder body.
Further, in order to facilitate the transmission connection between the upper contact rod and the lever, the upper end of the upper contact rod is connected with a gland, and the gland is in transmission connection with the lever.
Furthermore, in order to facilitate the movement of the lever, the lever is prevented from being blocked, and transition connecting rods are respectively connected between the gland and the lever and between the linkage rod and the lever.
Further, in order to facilitate the movement of the gland, the gland is sleeved outside the conductive block, and the gland is in guiding sliding fit with the conductive block in the up-down direction.
Further, in order to facilitate arrangement of the reset spring, a fixing plate is fixedly arranged in the cylinder body and located above the gland, a stop column extending downwards is fixed on the fixing plate, the lower end face of the stop column is used for being in stop fit with the upper end face of the gland during closing, the reset spring is sleeved on the stop column, one end of the reset spring is propped against the fixing plate, and the other end of the reset spring is propped against the gland.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view (open state) of embodiment 1 of the vacuum interrupter of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view (rigid state) of embodiment 1 of the vacuum interrupter according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram (closing state) of embodiment 1 of the vacuum interrupter according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the upper structure of FIG. 1;
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view (open state) of embodiment 2 of the vacuum interrupter according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view (rigid state) of embodiment 2 of the vacuum interrupter according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram (closing state) of embodiment 2 of the vacuum interrupter according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of the upper insulator ring portion of FIG. 5;
fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of the lower insulator ring portion of fig. 5.
1-A first corrugated pipe; 2-conductive tube, 3-upper main contact, 4-upper arc contact, 5-lower arc contact, 6-lower contact rod, 61-boss, 7-lower cover plate, 8-second corrugated tube, 9-shell, 10-lower main contact, 11-shielding cover, 12-third corrugated tube, 13-upper contact rod, 14-linkage rod, 15-upper cover plate, 16-lever structure, 161-first transition connecting rod, 162-lever, 163-second transition connecting rod, 164-mounting rod, 17-cylinder, 18-reset spring, 19-conductive block, 20-gland, 21-stop post, 22-fixed plate, 23-fixed post, 24-wiring board, 25-upper insulating ring, 26-stop cylinder, 27-compression spring and 28-lower insulating ring.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the particular embodiments described herein are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the invention, i.e., the embodiments described are merely some, but not all, of the embodiments of the invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element.
The features and capabilities of the present invention are described in further detail below in connection with the examples.
Embodiment 1 of the vacuum interrupter of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1,2 and 3, includes a housing 9, an upper cover plate 15 is provided at an upper end of the housing 9, and a lower cover plate 7 is provided at a lower end of the housing. The upper cover plate 15 is fixedly provided with a conductive tube 2 which extends up and down and the lower end of which extends into the shell 9, the upper contact rod 13 penetrates the conductive tube 2 up and down, and the upper contact rod 13 is in clearance fit with the conductive tube 2. The lower end of the upper contact rod 13 is fixed with an upper arc contact 4, a third corrugated pipe 12 is sleeved outside the upper contact rod 13, the upper end of the third corrugated pipe 12 is connected to the upper end and the lower end of the conductive pipe 2, and the upper arc contact 4 is connected to the upper end and the lower end of the third corrugated pipe 12.
An upper main contact 3 is arranged outside the conductive tube 2, the upper main contact 3 is of a cylindrical structure, the upper main contact 3 is positioned on the outer side of the upper arc contact 4, and the upper end of the upper main contact 3 is in sliding contact conductive fit with the outer wall of the conductive tube 2 in the up-down direction. In the open state, the lower end face of the upper main contact 3 is higher than the lower end face of the upper arcing contact 4.
A lever linkage mechanism is arranged between the upper main contact 3 and the upper contact rod 13 and is used for enabling the upper main contact 3 and the upper contact rod 13 to synchronously and reversely move, the lever linkage mechanism comprises a linkage rod 14, a cylinder 17 and a lever structure 16, the cylinder 17 is arranged above the shell 9, the cylinder 17 is provided with a cylinder bottom wall and a cylinder side wall, the cylinder bottom wall is fixedly connected with the top end of the conductive tube 2, the cylinder 17 is made of conductive materials, and the top end of the cylinder side wall is provided with a wiring board 24.
The two linkage rods 14 are symmetrically arranged left and right, the linkage rods 14 penetrate through the upper cover plate 15 and the bottom wall of the cylinder body, the lower ends of the linkage rods 14 extend into the shell 9 to be fixedly connected with the upper main contact 3, the upper ends of the linkage rods extend into the cylinder body 17, the first corrugated pipe 1 is arranged in the shell 9, one end of the first corrugated pipe 1 is connected to the linkage rods 14, and the other end of the first corrugated pipe is connected to the upper cover plate 15.
Referring to fig. 4, a conductive block 19 is fixed on the bottom wall of the barrel 17, the upper end of the upper contact rod 13 is inserted into the conductive block 19 through the bottom wall of the barrel, the upper contact rod 13 is in plug-in conductive fit with the conductive block 19, the conductive block 19 is in conductive connection with the conductive tube 2 through the bottom wall of the barrel, and thus, the upper arcing contact 4 is indirectly in conductive connection with the upper main contact 3 through the upper contact rod 13, the conductive block 19, the bottom wall of the barrel and the conductive tube 2 in sequence.
The upper end of the upper contact rod 13 is connected with a gland 20, the gland 20 is sleeved outside the conductive block 19, and the gland 20 is in guiding sliding fit with the conductive block 19 in the up-down direction. The cylinder 17 is fixedly provided with a fixing plate 22 through a fixing column 23, the fixing plate 22 is positioned above the gland 20, a downward extending stop column 21 is fixed on the fixing plate 22, and the lower end face of the stop column 21 is used for being in stop fit with the upper end face of the gland 20 during closing, so that a gap is reserved between the lower end face of the stop column 21 and the upper end face of the gland 20 during opening. The outside of the stop post 21 is sleeved with a return spring 18, one end of the return spring 18 is propped against the fixed plate 22, and the other end is propped against the gland 20. When the switch is closed, the upper contact rod 13 moves upwards, and the gland 20 is driven to compress the return spring 18 to deform under the stress, so that the return power can be provided for the downward movement of the upper contact rod 13.
As shown in fig. 4, the lever structure 16 includes a first transition link 161, a lever 162, and a second transition link 163, where a mounting rod 164 is fixedly disposed on the bottom wall of the barrel, the lever 162 is rotatably mounted on the mounting rod 164, one end of the first transition link 161 is hinged to the gland 20, the other end is hinged to one end of the lever 162, one end of the second transition link 163 is hinged to the linkage rod 14, and the other end is hinged to one end of the lever 162, so that when the upper contact rod 13 drives the gland 20 to move upwards, the first transition link 161 drives the lever 162 to rotate, the lever 162 drives the second transition link 163 to move, and then drives the linkage rod 14 to move, and the direction of movement of the upper contact rod 13 and the linkage rod 14 is opposite through the reversing of the lever 162.
In this embodiment, the first transition link 161 and the second transition link 163 are disposed, and the second transition link 163 is curved (the first transition link 161 may also be curved according to the requirement of use), so as to adapt to smooth rotation of the lever 162, and avoid the lever 162 from being dead, otherwise, a long hole structure needs to be disposed between the lever 162 and the gland 20 and the linkage rod 14, which is complex in structure and inconvenient to process. Meanwhile, after the two transition connecting rods are adopted, the distance between the two linkage rods 14 can be reduced, and the transverse size of the arc extinguishing chamber is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1,2 and 3, the upper end of the lower contact rod 6 extends into the housing 9, and the lower end is adapted for driving connection with an operating mechanism (not shown) so that the lower contact rod 6 can move up and down relative to the housing 9. A second corrugated pipe 8 is arranged in the shell 9, the upper end of the second corrugated pipe 8 is connected with the upper end and the lower end of the lower contact rod 6, and the lower end of the second corrugated pipe 8 is connected with the lower cover plate 7. The upper end of the lower contact rod 6 is fixed with a lower arc contact 5 and a lower main contact 10. A shield 11 is fixed to the inner wall of the housing 9, and the shield 11 corresponds to the contact positions of the upper main contact 3 and the lower main contact 10, and the upper arcing contact 4 and the lower arcing contact 5.
The lower arc contact 5 is fixed on the upper end surface of the lower contact rod 6 and is in butt contact with the upper arc contact 4. The lower main contact 10 is also in a cylindrical structure, the lower end of the lower main contact 10 is fixed on the outer wall of the lower contact rod 6, the lower main contact 10 is positioned on the outer side of the lower arc contact 5, and the upper end face of the lower arc contact 5 is higher than the upper end face of the lower main contact 10. The outer diameter of the lower main contact 10 is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper main contact 3, and the inner hole of the upper main contact 3 forms a jack for inserting the lower main contact 10 and realizing the plug contact conduction of the lower main contact 10 and the upper main contact.
When the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber works, the vacuum circuit breaker is in a switching-off state, the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is in a rigid-on state, and the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is in a switching-on state, as shown in fig. 1. In the closing process, under the action of the operating mechanism, the lower contact rod 6 drives the lower arc contact 5 and the lower main contact 10 to move upwards until the upper arc contact and the lower arc contact move to the just-closed state, as shown in fig. 2, and at this time, current flows from the conductive block 19 to the upper contact rod 13, and then to the upper arc contact 4, the lower arc contact 5 and the lower contact rod 6. Thereafter, the lower contact rod 6 continues to move upwards, so that the upper arc contact 4 is pushed to move upwards, the upper arc contact 4 drives the upper contact rod 13 to move upwards, the gland 20 is driven to move upwards, the linkage rod 14 moves downwards under the action of the lever structure 16, and the upper main contact 3 is driven to move downwards, in the process, the reset spring 18 is compressed, the upper main contact 3 and the lower main contact 10 start to be in plug contact with each other for conducting electricity until the gland 20 is moved to be in blocking fit with the stop column 21, at the moment, the upper main contact 3 and the lower main contact 10 are completely switched on, the conducting circuit is completely communicated, and at the moment, current flows from the wiring board 24 to the cylinder 17, then to the conducting tube 2, the upper main contact 3, the lower main contact 10 and the lower contact rod 6.
In the switching-off process, under the action of the return spring 18, the upper arc contact 4 and the upper contact rod 13 move downwards, and under the action of the lever structure 16, the linkage rod 14 drives the upper main contact 3 to move upwards until the upper main contact and the lower main contact are completely separated, the conductive loop is disconnected, the upper arc contact and the lower arc contact are separated subsequently, and the upper contact and the lower contact return to the switching-off state.
In the switching-off state of the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber, the lower end face of the upper main contact 3 is higher than the lower end face of the upper arc contact 4, namely, the lower end face of the upper main contact 3 and the lower end face of the upper arc contact 4 are staggered in the vertical direction, the lower end face of the upper main contact 3 is far away from the lower end face of the upper arc contact 4, and meanwhile, the upper end face of the lower arc contact 5 is higher than the upper end face of the lower main contact 10, namely, the upper end face of the lower arc contact 5 and the upper end face of the lower main contact 10 are staggered in the vertical direction, so that an arc generated between the upper arc contact 4 and the lower arc contact 5 is difficult to transfer to the upper main contact 3 and the lower main contact 10 in the switching-off process, thereby reducing ablation of the upper main contact 3 and the lower main contact 10 and protecting the main contacts.
Meanwhile, as the lever linkage mechanism is arranged between the upper main contact 3 and the upper contact rod 13, the lever in the lever linkage mechanism plays a role in reversing, and can drive the upper main contact 3 to synchronously and reversely move when the upper contact rod 13 moves up and down, namely, when the upper contact rod 13 moves up under the pushing of the lower contact rod 6 during switching on, the upper main contact 3 synchronously moves down, so that the upper main contact 3 can be quickly contacted with the lower main contact 10, the upward moving stroke of the lower contact rod 6 is saved, the switching on time can be shortened, the longitudinal size of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber can be shortened, and meanwhile, the requirement on the output stroke of the operating mechanism can be reduced.
Conversely, when the switch is opened, the upper contact rod 13 moves downwards to reset under the action of the reset spring 18, and the upper main contact 3 moves upwards under the action of the lever linkage mechanism, so that the upper main contact rod can be quickly separated from the lower main contact 10, the downward travel of the lower contact rod 6 is saved, and the switch opening time can be shortened. And in the upward moving process of the upper main contact 3, the lower end face of the upper main contact 3 and the lower end face of the upper arc contact 4 are quickly pulled apart in the up-down direction, so that the lower end face of the upper main contact 3 is moved to the upper side of the lower end face of the upper arc contact 4 at the moment when the upper arc contact 4 and the lower arc contact 5 are separated, and therefore, the electric arc generated between the upper arc contact 4 and the lower arc contact 5 is not easy to transfer to the upper main contact 3, the time of the electric arc spreading to the upper main contact 3 is prolonged, and the ablation of the upper main contact 3 is reduced.
In addition, because the lower arc contact 5 and the upper arc contact 4 are in butt contact, after the lower arc contact 5 is in contact with the upper arc contact 4, the lower arc contact 5 can push the upper arc contact 4 to move upwards continuously, so that the reset spring 18 is deformed under the stress, and reset power is provided for the downward movement of the upper contact rod 13. The lower main contact 10 and the upper main contact 3 are in plug contact, the plug contact depends on contact conduction between an inner hole and an outer wall, and joint pressure is not required to be applied in the upper and lower directions, so compared with the prior art, a main contact spring at the outer side of a movable end of an arc extinguishing chamber can be omitted, the structure at the outer side of the arc extinguishing chamber can be simplified, and meanwhile, the operation work can be reduced because an operation mechanism does not need to compress the main contact spring any more.
In the embodiment 2 of the vacuum interrupter of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the main difference between the present embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that an upper insulating ring 25 is fixed on the outer wall of the conductive tube 2, and a stop cylinder 26 is fixedly provided on the inner side of the upper main contact 3, and in combination with fig. 8, the upper end of the upper main contact 3 is in contact with the upper insulating ring 25 in the opening state, that is, the upper main contact 3 is temporarily non-conductive with the outer wall of the conductive tube 2.
In addition, in this embodiment, the lower main contact 10 and the lower contact rod 6 are in sliding contact and conductive fit, a boss 61 is provided on the lower contact rod 6, a compression spring 27 is sleeved outside the lower contact rod 6, the upper end of the compression spring 27 is pressed against the boss 61 on the lower main contact 10, the lower end is pressed against the boss 61, and as shown in fig. 9, a lower insulating ring 28 is fixed on the lower contact rod 6, and in the opening state, the lower main contact 10 is in contact with the lower insulating ring 28, that is, the lower main contact 10 is temporarily non-conductive with the lower contact rod 6.
The working principle of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that the upper insulating ring 25, the lower insulating ring 28 and the stopper 26 are arranged such that the lower main contact 10 will contact the stopper 26 during upward movement, after which the lower main contact 10 cannot move upward, but the lower contact rod 6 still moves upward, so that the lower main contact 10 moves downward relative to the lower contact rod 6 until passing over the position of the lower insulating ring 28, and cannot be conducted with the lower contact rod 6. Similarly, the upper main contact 3 must pass over the upper insulating ring 25 to be conducted with the conductive tube 2 during the downward movement. Therefore, the upper main contact and the lower main contact in the embodiment are conducted with the main circuit after a period of time after being jointed and disconnected with the main circuit before being separated, so that contact ablation caused by arc current transfer is avoided.
In other embodiments of the vacuum interrupter, the cylinder may not have a fixed plate and a stop post, and a return spring may be connected between the gland and the bottom wall of the cylinder, and the return spring may provide return power by stretching deformation, or the return spring may be disposed in the housing, for example, between the conductive tube and the upper arcing contact.
In other embodiments of the vacuum interrupter, the gland is not in guided engagement with the conductive block, and the gland is merely disposed over the conductive block.
In other embodiments of the vacuum interrupter, no transition link rod may be provided between the gland and the lever and between the linkage rod and the lever, and a long hole structure is required to be provided on the lever to avoid the lever from being dead.
In other embodiments of the vacuum interrupter, the upper end of the upper contact rod may be directly connected with the lever structure in a transmission manner without a gland.
In other embodiments of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, the cylinder body is not provided with a conductive block, the upper contact rod can be directly connected with the conductive pipe in a plugging and conductive manner, and the upper end of the upper contact rod is directly connected with the lever structure in a transmission manner.
In other embodiments of the vacuum interrupter, the lever linkage may not include a barrel, at this time, the lever may be rotatably mounted above the housing, for example, by fixing a mounting rod on the upper cover plate, and rotatably mounting the lever on the mounting rod, at this time, for convenience in setting the return spring, a relatively large spring cover may be fixed on the upper cover plate, the spring cover encloses the lever structure, the return spring is disposed in the spring cover, and the upper end of the upper contact rod is in press fit with the return spring.
In other embodiments of the vacuum interrupter, the lever may also be rotatably mounted in the housing, at this time, a mounting structure for mounting the lever needs to be fixed on the inner wall of the housing, and a connection structure connected to the lever structure needs to be provided on the upper contact rod, at this time, under the condition that the upper main contact structure is suitable, the linkage rod may be omitted, so that it is directly connected to the lever structure.
In other embodiments of the vacuum interrupter, no conductive tube may be provided, such that the upper main contact is in direct sliding contact conductive engagement with the outer wall of the upper contact rod.
In other embodiments of the vacuum interrupter, the upper main contact may also be disposed at an inner side of the upper arc contact, where the lower main contact is disposed at an inner side of the lower arc contact, an upper end surface of the lower arc contact is higher than an upper end surface of the lower main contact, and in the open state, a lower end surface of the upper main contact is higher than a lower end surface of the upper arc contact, and the upper arc contact and the lower arc contact are still in contact with each other before the upper main contact and the lower main contact, and then separated from each other.
In other embodiments of the vacuum interrupter, the inner diameter of the lower main contact may be sized to be larger than the outer diameter of the upper main contact, such that the upper main contact is inserted into the lower main contact, i.e., a receptacle is provided on the lower main contact.
In other embodiments of the vacuum interrupter, the upper and lower main contacts may be arranged to conduct electrical contact as in the prior art.
The embodiment of the vacuum circuit breaker comprises an operating mechanism and a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber connected with the operating mechanism, wherein the structure of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is the same as that of the embodiment, and the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is not repeated.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the patent protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and all equivalent structural changes made by the specification and the drawings of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.