CN113823918A - A Novel Multi-beam Imaging Self-Tracking Parabolic Antenna - Google Patents
A Novel Multi-beam Imaging Self-Tracking Parabolic AntennaDownload PDFInfo
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- CN113823918A CN113823918ACN202110830736.1ACN202110830736ACN113823918ACN 113823918 ACN113823918 ACN 113823918ACN 202110830736 ACN202110830736 ACN 202110830736ACN 113823918 ACN113823918 ACN 113823918A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
- H01Q15/16—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures curved in two dimensions, e.g. paraboloidal
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/002—Protection against seismic waves, thermal radiation or other disturbances, e.g. nuclear explosion; Arrangements for improving the power handling capability of an antenna
- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
- H01Q25/02—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns providing sum and difference patterns
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna.
Background
In order to meet the requirements of self-tracking and offset-feed multi-beam guide tracking, the conventional measurement and control multi-beam self-tracking parabolic antenna adopts a fixed center feed source and a fixed offset focus feed source, and a fixed center feed source irradiates a reflecting surface to generate a center and difference beam with fixed gain and width, so that the requirements of a measurement and control station on different beam widths when tracking different distance targets cannot be met; after the fixed focus offset feed source irradiates the reflecting surface, focus offset beams corresponding to fixed quantity and fixed overlapping relation are generated, the requirement when the guiding precision is higher cannot be met, the gain loss of the outermost focus offset beam is relatively large, and the acting distance is also influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel multi-beam self-tracking parabolic antenna for solving the problems of insufficient precision and large gain loss of a fixed center feed source and a fixed deflection focus feed source, which utilizes the capability of a phased array multi-beam feed source to simultaneously form deflection-fed multi-beams and sum-difference beams, and forms high-gain deflection-fed multi-beams and high-gain center-difference beams after irradiating a reflecting surface, wherein the deflection-fed multi-beam signals of high gain can be used for guiding capture tracking, and the high-gain center-difference beam signal transmitter-receiver is used for monopulse self-tracking. The antenna can be used for single-pulse self-tracking and wide-beam guided capture of various targets. The sum and difference beams of the high-gain center can form sum and difference beams with different gains and different beam widths by flexibly selecting the number of the excitation units; the high-gain deflection multi-beam can flexibly select the excitation unit according to the system requirement, thereby forming deflection beams with different quantities and different overlapping simultaneously, and meeting the requirement that the ground fixed measurement and control station or the mobile measurement and control station tracks flying targets with different distances and dynamics.
The invention provides a novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna, which comprises a hyperbolic subreflector, a parabolic main reflector and a feed source, wherein the focuses of the hyperbolic subreflector and the parabolic main reflector are superposed;
the feed source is a phased array multi-beam feed source;
the feed source is used for simultaneously forming offset multi-beam signals and sum-difference beams, irradiating the hyperbolic subreflector and reflecting the hyperbolic subreflector to the parabolic main reflector to form offset multi-beam signals, center and difference beam signals;
the offset-fed multi-beam signal is used for guiding capture tracking, and the central and difference beam signals are used for single-pulse self-tracking.
The invention relates to a novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna, which is used as a preferred mode, wherein a feed source comprises a plurality of digital phase control units and an array signal processing subsystem electrically connected with each digital phase control unit, the digital phase control units are used for receiving radio frequency signals, then amplifying, down-converting and sampling the radio frequency signals and outputting the radio frequency signals to the array signal processing subsystem, and the array signal processing subsystem is used for receiving the radio frequency signals and simultaneously forming offset feed multi-beams, center and difference beam outputs;
the digital phase control unit comprises an antenna unit, a coupler, an R component, a frequency conversion component, a distribution network and a digital sampling terminal which are electrically connected in sequence; the array signal processing subsystem comprises an array signal processor.
According to the novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna, as an optimal mode, the antenna unit is a cavity-backed planar butterfly antenna, the cavity-backed planar butterfly antenna is a hexagonal cavity, and the hexagonal cavity is arranged according to a triangular grid.
The invention relates to a novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna, which is characterized in that as a preferred mode, a feed source comprises 109 digital phase control units, and every 7 digital phase control units irradiate a hyperbolic subreflector and then reflect the hyperbolic subreflector to a parabolic main reflector to form a high-gain beam.
The novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna is characterized in that as an optimal mode, the offset multi-beam is formed by mutually overlapping a plurality of offset focal beams with different spatial pointing angles, which are formed simultaneously, and the offset multi-beam realizes the minimization of offset focal gain loss by carrying out phase weighting on the offset focal beams with different spatial pointing angles.
The invention relates to a novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna, which is characterized in that as an optimal mode, deflection focal beams with different space pointing angles are formed by simultaneously exciting 18 or 60 high-gain deflection focal beams, the high-gain deflection focal beams are formed by irradiating a hyperbolic subreflector by 7 digital phase control units and reflecting the hyperbolic subreflector to a parabolic main reflecting surface, the arrangement mode of the 7 digital phase control units is that the centers of the 7 digital phase control units are 1 and 6 outer rings, and the center of the 1 digital phase control unit is a deflection focal digital phase control unit;
the arrangement of the 18 high-gain offset focal beams is as follows: the first ring comprises 6 first rings and 12 second rings which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the 6 high-gain deflection focal beams of the first rings share one digital phase control unit, and the phase centers of the 6 high-gain deflection focal beams of the first rings are closely arranged on the outer ring of the shared digital phase control unit;
the 60 high-gain offset-focus beams are arranged as follows: the first ring 6, the second ring 12, the third ring 18 and the fourth ring 24 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside;
the out-of-focus beam may partially overlap with an adjacent out-of-focus beam;
for each out-of-focus beam, minimization of out-of-focus gain loss is achieved by phase weighting.
The invention relates to a novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna, which is formed by taking a center and difference beam signals as a feed source and simultaneously exciting at least 7 digital phase control unit units positioned in the center as a preferred mode;
the center and difference beam signals include center and beam signals, azimuth difference beam signals, and elevation difference signals.
The invention relates to a novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna, which is characterized in that as an optimal mode, a center and a beam signal are taken as feed sources to simultaneously excite 7 digital phase control units positioned in the center to form, and the arrangement of the 7 digital phase control units is as follows: the phase center of the feed source and 6 digital phase control units positioned at the outer circle of the phase center.
The invention relates to a novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna, which is characterized in that as an optimal mode, azimuth difference beam signals are used as a feed source and simultaneously excite 6 digital phase control units positioned in the center to form, and the 6 digital phase control units are distributed to be 3 digital phase control units of the feed source in a bilateral symmetry mode in the phase center.
The invention relates to a novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna, which is characterized in that as a preferred mode, a pitching difference signal is formed by simultaneously exciting 6 digital phase control units positioned in the center for a feed source, the 6 digital phase control units are distributed into 3 digital phase control units above the phase center of the feed source and 3 digital phase control units below the phase center of the feed source, and the 6 digital phase control units are symmetrical in pitching.
The invention discloses a novel multi-beam self-tracking parabolic antenna which comprises a phased array multi-beam feed source and a reflecting surface. The invention utilizes the capability of forming offset multi-beam and sum-difference beam by phased array multi-beam feed source, and forms high-gain offset multi-beam and high-gain center and difference beam after irradiating a reflecting surface, wherein the high-gain offset multi-beam signal can be used for guiding capture tracking, and the high-gain center and difference beam signal can be used for single pulse self-tracking. The phased array feed source adopts a unit-level digital phased scheme, and after each unit receives a radio frequency signal, the radio frequency signal is amplified, down-converted and sampled to output a digital signal which is sent to the array signal processing subsystem. The phased array feed source comprises an antenna unit, a coupler, an R component, a frequency conversion component, a distribution network, a digital sampling terminal and an array signal processor. The antenna unit adopts a cavity-backed planar butterfly antenna with a loading guide structure, so that a wider coverage frequency band can be realized, meanwhile, the unit contains a cavity-backed structure to ensure better isolation between the units, and the hexagonal cavity-backed structure is also favorable for array formation. The array elements are arranged according to a triangular grid and comprise 109 array elements in total. Wave beam deflection is realized by means of the feed source deflection focus, the deflection focus feed source wave beam direction can be adjusted to ensure smaller gain loss, and the unit half-wavelength interval is arranged and simultaneously participates in the formation of a plurality of deflection focus wave beams so as to realize dense wave beam overlapping. The whole phased array feed source has 109 elements, and every seven elements illuminate the reflector antenna to form a high-gain beam. When the high-gain deflection focusing laser system works, 1 group of high-gain main beams (comprising 1 center sum beam, 1 azimuth difference beam and 1 elevation difference beam) and 18 (6 in the 1 st circle and 12 in the 2 nd circle) or 60 (4 circles, and 6, 12, 18 and 24 are arranged from inside to outside) high-gain deflection focusing beams are generated at the same time, and 18 or 60 high-gain deflection focusing beams can be selectively generated according to the system requirements.
The invention utilizes the capability of forming offset multi-beam and sum-difference beam by phased array multi-beam feed source, and forms high-gain offset multi-beam and high-gain center-sum-difference beam after irradiating the reflecting surface.
The phased array feed source adopts a unit-level digital phased scheme, and after each unit receives a radio frequency signal, the radio frequency signal is amplified, down-converted and sampled to output a digital signal which is sent to the array signal processing subsystem. The phased array feed source comprises an antenna unit, a coupler, an R component, a frequency conversion component, a distribution network, a digital sampling terminal and an array signal processor.
7 units in the excitation center form center and wave beams, 6 bilateral symmetry units in the excitation center form azimuth difference wave beams, 6 pitching symmetry units in the excitation center form pitching and wave beams, and the center and difference wave beams of the phased array feed source irradiate all apertures of the reflecting surface to form center and difference monopulse wave beams of high-gain and narrow wave beams; more cells in the center can also be excited, and the partial aperture of the reflecting surface is irradiated to form the center and difference monopulse beams of the medium-gain and wide-wave beams. So that a plurality of groups of central single pulses and difference beams with different gains and beam widths can be generated simultaneously. As the number of excitation center elements increases, the aperture of the illumination reflection surface decreases, and the beam widens.
Exciting unit combinations at different positions to form deflection focus beams with different space pointing angles; the characteristic of unit-level digitization simultaneous multi-beam is utilized, a plurality of deflection focal beams with different space pointing angles can be formed simultaneously, and after the reflecting surface is irradiated, a plurality of high-gain beams with different space pointing angles can be formed and overlapped with one another, so that the wide airspace is covered. The excitation units can be flexibly selected according to system requirements, and different numbers of different focus deflection beams with different overlapping can be formed at the same time.
Minimization of the out-of-focus gain loss can be achieved by phase weighting for each out-of-focus beam.
The working and design principle of the invention is as follows:
the reflecting surface is in a Cassegrain antenna form and consists of a parabolic main reflecting surface and a hyperbolic subreflector, the focus of the hyperbolic subreflector is superposed with the focus of the parabolic main reflecting surface, the feed source is positioned on the focus of the mirror image hyperbolic subreflector, and electromagnetic waves irradiated to the subreflector from the feed source are reflected to the main reflecting surface to form plane wave focusing so as to form a high-gain narrow-beam directional diagram.
When a central beam is formed, considering that the beam width of a single unit is too wide, and the irradiation of the sub-reflecting surface has more energy loss to cause low efficiency, a plurality of units are selected for simultaneous excitation, the coning reaches about-8 to-14 dB when the sub-reflecting surface is irradiated, the best total efficiency is met, and at the moment, the gain is highest and the beam is narrowest. In the invention, the center and the beam selection simultaneously excite 7 units in the center, the center azimuth difference beam selection excites 6 units which are symmetrical left and right, and the center elevation difference beam selection excites 6 units which are symmetrical up and down. When more units are excited, if the center and the beam excite 19 units at the same time, the effective utilization area of the reflecting surface is reduced, and the beam widths of the center and the difference beam can be widened, so that the requirement of tracking a large dynamic and close-range target can be met.
When forming the deflection focus beam, the principle of feed source deflection focus scanning is used, namely when the phase center of the feed source moves transversely, the beam of the reflecting surface can be deflected, and the direction diagram does not change greatly when the transverse movement is within a certain range. Let d be the feed offset focal distance,
the included angle between the connecting line of the feed source and the vertex of the reflecting surface and the axis is called as a deviation angle, theta is the angle of beam deflection, F is the focal length of the paraboloid,
they are related to
In the planar case, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection, the beam offset factor is equal to 1, and the curved surface is slightly different. The range of BDF variation is between a value less than 1 for the short focal length reflective surface and a value greater than 1 for the long focal length reflective surface. When the F/d tends to be infinite, the BDF approaches to 1, the transverse movement of the feed source position brings aperture phase difference, so that the side lobe on one side of the axis is increased, the side lobe on the other side is reduced, and the gain is reduced. As the focus bias increases, the beam gain loss increases. In the invention, when forming the offset focal beam, firstly, the irradiation efficiency is considered, so that each offset focal beam is formed by simultaneously exciting 7 units. By exciting 7 units at different positions, equivalent phase centers of the units are displaced differently relative to a geometric center, and deflection focal beams with different spatial pointing angles are formed when the reflecting surface is irradiated. The characteristic of unit-level digitization simultaneous multi-beam is utilized, a plurality of deflection focal beams with different space pointing angles can be formed simultaneously, and after the reflecting surface is irradiated, a plurality of high-gain beams with different space pointing angles can be formed and overlapped with one another, so that the wide airspace is covered. The excitation units can be flexibly selected according to system requirements, and different numbers of different focus deflection beams with different overlapping can be formed at the same time. The existing deflection focus multi-beam antenna is characterized in that a single deflection focus feed source is fixed to generate a fixed deflection focus beam, and the gain loss of the beam is increased along with the increase of the deflection focus. By utilizing the characteristic of simultaneous multi-beam digitization at the unit level, excitation units can be flexibly selected according to system requirements, and different deflection focal beams with different numbers and different overlapping are formed at the same time.
The invention has the following advantages:
in order to meet the requirements of self-tracking and offset-feed multi-beam guide tracking, the conventional measurement and control multi-beam self-tracking parabolic antenna adopts a fixed center feed source and a fixed offset focus feed source, and a fixed center feed source irradiates a reflecting surface to generate a center and difference beam with fixed gain and width, so that the requirements of a measurement and control station on different beam widths when tracking different distance targets cannot be met; after the fixed focus offset feed source irradiates the reflecting surface, focus offset beams corresponding to fixed quantity and fixed overlapping relation are generated, the requirement when the guiding precision is higher cannot be met, the gain loss of the outermost focus offset beam is relatively large, and the acting distance is also influenced. By adopting the invention, a plurality of groups of central single pulses and difference beams with different gains and beam widths can be flexibly formed by exciting different numbers of central units, and different numbers of different overlapped deflection focus beams can be flexibly formed by exciting deflection focus units at different positions.
At the moment, the center and the difference beam of the phased array feed source irradiate all apertures of the reflecting surface to form the center and the difference monopulse beam of high gain and narrow beam; more cells in the center can also be excited, and the partial aperture of the reflecting surface is irradiated to form the center and difference monopulse beams of the medium-gain and wide-wave beams. So that a plurality of groups of single pulses and difference beams with different gains and beam widths can be generated simultaneously. As the number of excitation center elements increases, the aperture of the illumination reflection surface decreases, and the beam widens.
Exciting unit combinations at different positions to form deflection focus beams with different space pointing angles; the characteristic of unit-level digitization simultaneous multi-beam is utilized, a plurality of deflection focal beams with different space pointing angles can be formed simultaneously, and after the reflecting surface is irradiated, a plurality of high-gain beams with different space pointing angles can be formed and overlapped with one another, so that the wide airspace is covered. The excitation units can be flexibly selected according to the system and the guiding, capturing and tracking requirements, and different deflection focal beams with different numbers and different overlapping are formed at the same time. Minimization of the out-of-focus gain loss can be achieved by phase weighting for each out-of-focus beam.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna unit;
fig. 2 is a distribution diagram of the center and beam excitation unit of a novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna;
fig. 3 is a distribution diagram of a novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna azimuth difference beam excitation unit;
fig. 4 is a distribution diagram of a novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna pitching difference beam excitation unit;
fig. 5 is a first distribution diagram of a first ring of excitation units of a deflection focal beam ofembodiment 3 of the novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna;
fig. 6 is a second distribution diagram of a first-turn excitation unit of a deflection-focus beam inembodiment 3 of the novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna;
fig. 7 is a third distribution diagram of a first-turn excitation unit of a defocused beam inembodiment 3 of the novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna;
fig. 8 is a fourth distribution diagram of a first-turn excitation unit of a defocused beam inembodiment 3 of the novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna;
fig. 9 is a fifth distribution diagram of a first-turn excitation unit of a deflection focal beam ofembodiment 3 of the novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna;
fig. 10 is a sixth distribution diagram of the off-focus beam first-turn excitation unit inembodiment 3 of the novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna;
fig. 11 is a distribution diagram of a second circle excitation unit of a defocused beam in theembodiment 3 of the novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna;
fig. 12 is a distribution diagram of a third circle excitation unit of a defocused beam of theembodiment 3 of the novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna;
fig. 13 is a distribution diagram of excitation units in a fourth circle of a defocused beam in theembodiment 3 of the novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna;
fig. 14 is a diagram of the relationship between the first-turn excitation unit of the off-focus beam and the beam position inembodiment 3 of the novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna;
fig. 15 is a diagram of the relationship between the excitation units of the second circle of the off-focus beam and the beam positions inembodiment 3 of the novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna;
fig. 16 is a diagram of the relationship between the excitation unit of the third circle of the off-focus beam and the beam position inembodiment 3 of the novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna;
fig. 17 is a diagram of the relationship between the excitation unit of the fourth circle of the off-focal beam and the beam position inembodiment 3 of the novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna;
fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna with 5-beam overlapping.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example 1
A novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna comprises a hyperbolic subreflector, a parabolic main reflector and a feed source, wherein the hyperbolic subreflector and the parabolic main reflector are overlapped at the focus;
the feed source is a phased array multi-beam feed source;
the feed source is used for simultaneously forming offset multi-beam signals and sum-difference beams, irradiating the hyperbolic subreflector and reflecting the hyperbolic subreflector to the parabolic main reflector to form offset multi-beam signals, center and difference beam signals;
the offset-fed multi-beam signal is used for guiding capture tracking, and the central and difference beam signals are used for single-pulse self-tracking.
Example 2
A novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna comprises a hyperbolic subreflector, a parabolic main reflector and a feed source, wherein the hyperbolic subreflector and the parabolic main reflector are overlapped at the focus;
the feed source is a phased array multi-beam feed source;
the feed source is used for simultaneously forming offset multi-beam signals and sum-difference beams, irradiating the hyperbolic subreflector and reflecting the hyperbolic subreflector to the parabolic main reflector to form offset multi-beam signals, center and difference beam signals;
the offset-fed multi-beam signal is used for guiding capture tracking, and the central and difference beam signals are used for single-pulse self-tracking;
the feed source comprises a plurality of digital phase control units and an array signal processing subsystem electrically connected with each digital phase control unit, the digital phase control units are used for receiving radio frequency signals, then amplifying, down-converting, sampling and outputting the digital signals to the array signal processing subsystem, and the array signal processing subsystem is used for receiving the digital signals and simultaneously forming offset feed multi-beam, center and difference beam outputs;
the digital phase control unit comprises an antenna unit, a coupler, an R component, a frequency conversion component, a distribution network and a digital sampling terminal which are electrically connected in sequence; the array signal processing subsystem comprises an array signal processor;
as shown in fig. 1, the antenna unit is a cavity-backed planar butterfly antenna, the cavity-backed planar butterfly antenna is a hexagonal cavity, and the hexagonal cavity is arranged in a triangular grid;
the feed source comprises 109 digital phase control units, and every 7 digital phase control units irradiate the hyperbolic subreflector and then reflect the hyperbolic subreflector to the parabolic main reflector to form a high-gain beam;
the offset multi-beam is formed by mutually overlapping a plurality of offset focal beams with different spatial pointing angles, which are formed simultaneously, and the offset multi-beam realizes the minimization of the offset focal gain loss by carrying out phase weighting on the offset focal beams with different spatial pointing angles;
the method comprises the following steps that (1) deflection focal beams with different space pointing angles are formed by simultaneously exciting 18 or 60 high-gain deflection focal beams, the high-gain deflection focal beams are formed by irradiating hyperbolic subreflector by 7 digital phase control units and reflecting the hyperbolic subreflector to a parabolic main reflecting surface, the arrangement mode of the 7 digital phase control units is that the centers of the 7 digital phase control units are 1, the outer rings of the 7 digital phase control units are 6, and the center of the 1 digital phase control unit is a deflection focal digital phase control unit;
the arrangement of the 18 high-gain offset focal beams is as follows: the first ring comprises 6 first rings and 12 second rings which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the 6 high-gain deflection focal beams of the first rings share one digital phase control unit, and the phase centers of the 6 high-gain deflection focal beams of the first rings are tightly arranged on the outer ring of the shared digital phase control unit;
the 60 high-gain offset-focus beams are arranged as follows: the first ring 6, the second ring 12, the third ring 18 and the fourth ring 24 are sequentially arranged from inside to outside;
the central and difference beam signals are used as a feed source to simultaneously excite at least 7 digital phase control unit units positioned in the center to form;
the center and difference beam signals comprise center and beam signals, azimuth difference beam signals and elevation difference signals;
as shown in fig. 2, the center and the beam signal are the feed source to simultaneously excite 7 digital phase control unit units located at the center, and the arrangement of the 7 digital phase control unit units is as follows: the phase center of the feed source and 6 digital phase control units positioned at the outer ring of the phase center;
as shown in fig. 3, the azimuth difference beam signal is formed by simultaneously exciting 6 digital phase control units located at the center for the feed source, and the 6 digital phase control units are arranged to be 3 digital phase control units respectively in bilateral symmetry at the phase center of the feed source;
as shown in fig. 4, the pitch difference signal is formed by simultaneously exciting 6 digital phase control units located at the center for the feed source, the 6 digital phase control units are arranged as 3 digital phase control units above the phase center of the feed source and 3 digital phase control units below the phase center of the feed source, and the 6 digital phase control units are symmetrical in pitch.
Example 3
As shown in figure 1, the novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna adopts 109 broadband left-right-handed circular polarization loading guide structure cavity-backed planar butterfly antenna units to form afeed source 3, thefeed source 3 is a phased array feed source, the antenna units of the digital phased unit are hexagonal cavity-backed structures and are easy to array, the side length of the hexagonal cavity-backed structure is 46.2mm, and the height of the antenna units is 66.7 mm. The array size after the array of 109 antenna element groups is 880 mm.
The aperture of the parabolic main reflectingsurface 2 is 12 meters, the focal diameter ratio is 0.35, and the focal length is 4.2 meters; the diameter of thehyperbolic subreflector 1 is 1.8 meters, the eccentricity is 2.34, the long axis of the hyperbolic surface is 747.7mm, and the focal length is 1749.8 mm.
Exciting the synthesized beams of 7 units at the center, wherein the illumination cone angle of the illumination sub-reflecting surface is 32 degrees;
when the system works, 1 group of high-gain main beams and 18 or 60 high-gain partial focal beams are generated at the same time, and the 18 or 60 high-gain partial focal beams can be selectively generated according to the system requirements. Fig. 2-4 are central sum and difference beam required excitation unit profiles, fig. 5-13 are 4 of the 60 out-of-focus beams, circles 1 to 4 each illustrate one beam and its corresponding 7 excitation units, fig. 5-10 show the beams of the 1 st turn, as shown in fig. 6-11, the remaining 5 beams of the 1 st turn are formed by excitation after 7 elements of fig. 5 are rotated 60 ° clockwise around the geometric center, the remaining 11 beams of the 2 nd turn are formed by excitation after 7 elements of fig. 11 are rotated 30 ° clockwise around the geometric center, as shown in fig. 12-13,turn 3 and turn 4 are similar to the first two, rotated at 20 and 15 degrees respectively, fig. 14-17 are schematic diagrams of the relationship between exciting different location elements and corresponding beams, and fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of the overlap of the central beam with 4 off-focus beams of 1 to 4 turns on one side of the azimuth axis.
The antenna described in the above example can achieve center-to-normal and beam gain of 47.14dB, beam width of 0.72 °; the pointing angle of the outermost circle of wave beams is 1.66 degrees, the gain is 46.61dB, the gain is only reduced by 0.53dB, and the index is superior to the index that the gain of the outermost circle of the conventional multi-beam antenna is reduced by 3 dB. The gain at the beam overlapping part is 45.94dB, the overlapping is about 0.7dB, and the gain is better than the index of 3 dB-8B overlapping of the conventional multi-beam antenna. The whole coverage space domain is 3.7 degrees, and the gain at the position of 1.85 degrees at the edge of the coverage space domain is 45.89dB, which is only reduced by 1.28B compared with the normal gain. The gain of the central azimuth difference beam and the elevation difference beam is better than 41.4dB, and the separation angle of the difference beam is about +/-0.5 degrees.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
Translated fromChinesePriority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110830736.1ACN113823918B (en) | 2021-07-22 | 2021-07-22 | Novel multi-beam imaging self-tracking parabolic antenna |
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