Dynamic brake shoe pressure detection deviceTechnical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of railway vehicle braking systems, in particular to a dynamic brake shoe pressure detection device.
Background
As railway transportation progresses toward heavy loads at high speeds, rail vehicles are necessarily required to have a stable and sufficient braking force in order to ensure driving safety. Due to the design and structure of the foundation braking system, faults often occur, and even accidents such as braking force deficiency or band-type brake occur. The pressure born by each brake shoe during braking can be mastered in time, so that on one hand, the data of the braking force of the railway vehicle can be obtained, and on the other hand, the brake fault can be found in time so as to prevent more serious accidents.
The prior art can only detect brake shoe pressure in a stationary state of the rail vehicle, and the rail vehicle can be put into operation only after the detection device is detached. Some other technologies can detect dynamic brake shoe pressure, but the structure of the brake shoe needs to be modified, but the structure of the brake shoe on a dynamic running vehicle is not allowed to be modified, and the high friction coefficient composite brake shoe with the national standard is used, so that the size parameter of the brake shoe is fixed, and the difficulty of modifying the brake shoe is great, and some technologies can realize the detection of the dynamic brake shoe pressure by modifying the structure of the existing tile holder, for example, the China patent publication discloses a dynamic brake shoe pressure measuring device (with the application number of CN 2017102645599), which improves the structure of the tile holder, and the improvement of the structure of the tile holder cannot evaluate the influence on the running safety temporarily.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a device which does not influence the normal use of a brake shoe of a railway vehicle, does not change the structure of a tile holder and can detect the pressure of the brake shoe of the railway vehicle under dynamic conditions.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a dynamic brake shoe pressure detection device which is fixedly clamped between a brake shoe and a tile holder and comprises a metal top shell, a metal bottom shell, a pressure guide body and a pressure sensor;
The edge of the metal top shell is in sealing connection with the edge of the metal bottom shell, a clamping cavity is formed between the metal top shell and the metal bottom shell, the exposed surface of the metal top shell is fixedly abutted against the inner side surface of the tile support, the exposed surface of the metal bottom shell is fixedly abutted against the outer side surface of the brake shoe, and the pressure sensor and the pressure guide body are clamped in the clamping cavity from top to bottom.
When the vehicle brakes, the tile holder transmits the braking pressure to the brake shoe through the dynamic brake shoe pressure detection device, the pressure guide body transmits the braking pressure through the pressure sensor, and the resistance change of the pressure sensor is calculated and detected to obtain the braking force. Therefore, under the condition that normal use of the brake shoe is not affected and the appearance of the tile holder is not changed, dynamic brake shoe pressure is detected, braking force data are provided for the railway vehicle in real time so that a driver can better operate the railway vehicle, faults of a basic braking system are early warned in real time, and the phenomenon that the railway vehicle is damaged due to insufficient braking force or band-type brake is prevented.
In the above technical solution, the present invention may be further improved as follows.
Preferably, the pressure sensor is a multipoint thin film pressure sensor.
Preferably, the pressure guide body comprises a plurality of sheet gaskets which are in one-to-one correspondence with the single-point pressure sensing areas of the pressure sensor.
Preferably, the outer contour of the single sheet gasket is located inside the corresponding single point pressure sensing area.
Preferably, the surface of the metal bottom shell facing the brake shoe is provided with a heat insulation cushion layer opposite to the single-point pressure sensing area of the pressure sensor.
Preferably, the metal top shell is of an arc curved surface structure matched with the tile holder, the metal bottom shell is of an arc curved surface structure matched with the brake shoe, and the shape of the pressure sensor is matched with the shape of the metal top shell.
Preferably, the two sides of the metal bottom shell are fixedly provided with buckles for fixing the dynamic brake shoe pressure detection device on the inner side surface of the tile holder.
Preferably, the middle part of metal top shell has seted up first through-hole, the second through-hole coaxial and the unanimous with first through-hole shape has been seted up at the middle part of metal drain pan, set up the spacing of salient metal drain pan top surface in the second through-hole, pressure sensor has the hole of dodging of avoiding spacing, spacing card is located in the first through-hole and can follow first through-hole axial micrometric movement.
Preferably, the sheet gasket is made of a nonmetallic material with low heat conductivity.
Preferably, the metal top shell and the metal bottom shell are made of metal materials with low heat conductivity coefficient and high hardness.
Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a dynamic brake shoe pressure detecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of FIG. 1;
in the accompanying drawings:
The metal top shell 1, the first through hole 11, the metal bottom shell 2, the second through hole 21, the sheet gasket 3, the pressure sensor 4, the single-point pressure sensing area 41, the heat insulation cushion layer 5, the buckle 6 and the limit strip 7.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment discloses a dynamic brake shoe pressure detecting device, which includes a metal top case 1, a metal bottom case 2, a pressure guiding body and a pressure sensor 4.
In this embodiment, no modifications are made to the construction of the brake shoe and the tile head, and the dynamic brake shoe pressure sensing device is fixedly clamped between the brake shoe and the tile head so as not to interfere with the normal use of the brake shoe and the tile head.
As shown in fig. 1, the edge of the metal top shell 1 is in sealing connection with the edge of the metal bottom shell 2, and a clamping cavity is formed between the metal top shell 1 and the metal bottom shell 2, the exposed surface of the metal top shell 1 is fixedly abutted against the inner side surface of the shoe support, the exposed surface of the metal bottom shell 2 is fixedly abutted against the outer side surface pressure sensor 4 of the shoe and the pressure guide body are clamped in the clamping cavity from top to bottom.
When the vehicle brakes, the tile holder transmits the braking pressure to the brake shoe through the dynamic brake shoe pressure detection device, the pressure guide body transmits the braking pressure through the pressure sensor 4, and the resistance change of the pressure sensor 4 is calculated and detected to obtain the braking force. Therefore, under the condition that normal use of the brake shoe is not affected and the appearance of the tile holder is not changed, dynamic brake shoe pressure is detected, braking force data are provided for the railway vehicle in real time so that a driver can better operate the railway vehicle, faults of a basic braking system are early warned in real time, and the running safety of the railway vehicle is prevented from being damaged due to insufficient braking force or band-type brake.
In this embodiment, the pressure sensor 4 is a multi-point film pressure sensor, and the compressive strength of the multi-point film pressure sensor is not lower than 5MPa, so as to adapt to the requirement of braking pressure on the measuring range.
As shown in fig. 2, the surface of the metal bottom shell 2 facing the brake shoe is provided with a heat insulating cushion layer 5 opposite to the single-point pressure sensing area 41 of the pressure sensor 4.
In this embodiment, the metal top shell 1, the metal bottom shell 2 and the heat insulation cushion layer 5 are made of metal materials with low heat conductivity and high hardness, such as 630 stainless steel, so that heat generated during brake shoe braking can be reduced, heat conduction to the multipoint film pressure sensor can be effectively protected, the heat insulation cushion layer 5 is welded on the metal bottom shell 2, the heat insulation cushion layer 5 with extremely high stability is formed, and the multipoint film pressure sensor is glued on the inner side wall of the metal top shell 1 through double faced adhesive tape, so that the fixing is convenient. The thicknesses of the metal top shell 1 and the metal bottom shell 2 are 0.5mm-0.8mm, preferably 0.5mm, so that the total thickness of the dynamic brake shoe pressure detection device can be reduced as much as possible while the metal top shell 1 and the metal bottom shell 2 are not deformed under the action of friction force in the shearing direction.
As shown in fig. 2, the pressure guiding body includes a plurality of sheet gaskets 3 corresponding to the single-point pressure sensing areas 41 of the pressure sensor 4 one by one, the sheet gaskets 3 are made of nonmetallic materials with low heat conductivity coefficients, the outer contour of each sheet gasket 3 is located at the inner side of the corresponding single-point pressure sensing area 41, that is, the specification of each sheet gasket 3 is smaller than that of the single-point pressure sensing area 41, so that braking pressure is transmitted through the single-point pressure sensing area 41. The thickness of the pressure guide body is between 0.3mm and 0.5mm, preferably 0.3mm, and the sheet gasket 3 plays a role of isolating, so that the pressure sensor 4 is not contacted with the metal bottom shell 2, and the total thickness of the dynamic brake shoe pressure detection device is reduced.
In this embodiment, the metal top case 1 is of a curved arc structure adapted to the tile holder, the metal bottom case 2 is of a curved arc structure adapted to the brake shoe, and the shape of the pressure sensor 4 is adapted to the shape of the metal top case 1, so that the distribution of the single-point pressure sensing areas 41 is adapted to the contact surfaces of the brake shoe and the tile holder, and the braking pressure is completely transmitted through the single-point pressure sensing areas.
In this embodiment, the two sides of the metal bottom shell 2 are fixedly provided with the buckles 6 for fixing the dynamic brake shoe pressure detection device on the inner side surface of the tile holder, and the buckles 6 are preferably S-shaped wing plate buckles matched with the tile holder mounting holes, so that the dynamic brake shoe pressure detection device is conveniently and rapidly fixed on the tile holder.
As shown in fig. 2, the middle part of the metal top case 1 is provided with a first through hole 11, the middle part of the metal bottom case 2 is provided with a second through hole 21 coaxial with the first through hole 11 and identical in shape, a limiting strip 7 protruding out of the top surface of the metal bottom case 2 is arranged in the second through hole 21, the pressure sensor 4 is provided with an avoidance hole avoiding the limiting strip 7, the limiting strip 7 is clamped in the first through hole 11 and can slightly move along the axial direction of the first through hole 11, the limiting strip 7 is preferably a metal clamping strip with the thickness of 2mm-3mm and made of 603 stainless steel, and the limiting strip 7 is vertically clamped in the first through hole 11, so that the metal top case 1 and the metal bottom case 2 cannot realize radial relative movement, and the damage to the multipoint film pressure sensor 4 caused by the radial relative movement of the metal top case 1 and the metal bottom case 2 can be avoided.
In summary, the dynamic brake shoe pressure detection device is suitable for being installed between the brake shoe and the brake head, can detect dynamic brake shoe pressure under the condition that normal and safe operation of the railway vehicle is not affected, can provide braking force data for a driver of the railway vehicle in real time so that the driver can better operate the railway vehicle, and can timely early warn faults of a foundation braking system to prevent insufficient braking force or brake band from jeopardizing the operation safety of the railway vehicle. Meanwhile, the dynamic brake shoe pressure detection device can also detect the railway vehicle under the static condition, and can realize both dynamic and static detection.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention. The technology, shape, and construction parts of the present invention, which are not described in detail, are known in the art.