Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the descriptions thereof are used herein to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention.
In an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a sound pickup method of a stethoscope, as shown in fig. 1, the method including:
step 101: when the auscultation diaphragm vibrates to drive the air in the auscultation head to vibrate, the first sound is picked up by the earphone of the auscultation head (namely, the vibration of the auscultation diaphragm is transmitted from the auscultation head to the earphone through the leather hose),
Step 102: and collecting vibration waveforms of the auscultation diaphragm vibration through an electronic device, and picking up second sound.
As can be seen from the flow shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the auscultation diaphragm vibrates to drive the air in the stethoscope head to vibrate, the first sound is picked up by the stethoscope head, the leather tube and the earphone of the stethoscope, so that the traditional auscultation mode of the stethoscope is realized, meanwhile, the electronic device is provided to collect the vibration waveform of the auscultation diaphragm, the vibration waveform of the auscultation diaphragm is the waveform of the sound, and the process is to pick up the second sound, namely, the electronic auscultation device pickup is provided on the basis of the traditional auscultation mode, so that the stethoscope can simultaneously have the traditional auscultation mode and the electronic auscultation device pickup mode (the traditional auscultation mode and the electronic auscultation device pickup mode can be simultaneously used or can be separately used), compared with the second-generation stethoscope in the prior art, the use habit of doctors can be prevented from being changed, the traditional auscultation mode of the stethoscope can still be used, and the original sound of the traditional auscultation mode is further used as the diagnosis basis, and the learning cost of the doctors is prevented from being increased; in addition, the electronic device collects vibration waveforms of vibration of the auscultation diaphragm to pick up the sound, and the sound is not picked up by the microphone based on air vibration, so that the interference of echo, external noise, speaking sound and the like can be avoided or reduced compared with the first-generation stethoscope in the prior art, and the sound pickup effect is improved.
In a specific implementation, the first sound and the second sound mainly represent sounds obtained by two different sound pickup modes, and the contents of the first sound and the second sound may be the same or different, and when the contents of the first sound and the second sound are different, for example, the first sound may be a sound recognizable by human ears, and the second sound includes not only a sound recognizable by human ears but also a infrasonic wave which cannot be heard by human ears, and the like.
In specific implementation, the sound pickup method of the stethoscope can be realized by adjusting the structure of the traditional mechanical stethoscope, for example, adding an electronic device. The traditional mechanical stethoscope comprises an earphone and a stethoscope head, wherein the earphone is connected with the stethoscope head through a leather hose, and when the stethoscope is in operation, an auscultation diaphragm of the stethoscope head vibrates to drive air in the stethoscope head to vibrate, the air is used as a medium, the air vibration is transmitted to the earphone through the leather hose, and the first sound is picked up through the earphone, so that the traditional auscultation mode is realized; meanwhile, the electronic device is used for collecting vibration waveforms of vibration of the auscultation diaphragm, picking up second sound, and realizing a pick-up mode of the electronic equipment.
In particular, in order to directly measure vibration waveform data of the auscultation diaphragm, a pickup mode that air is not needed to conduct sound is not needed to achieve the purpose of pickup.
In specific implementation, the contact type displacement sensor (also called as a contact type vibration sensor, a contact type distance measurement sensor or a contact type vibration sensor) is a displacement sensor which is directly or indirectly contacted with the measured object, and different types of displacement sensors can be selected according to different scenes. For example, the contact displacement sensor directly contacting the measured object may be a displacement sensor attached to the measured object, may be an acceleration sensor, and senses a change in the velocity of the measured object, thereby obtaining a vibration waveform of the measured object. The contact displacement sensor directly contacting with the measured object can also be a displacement sensor which is arranged outside the measured object and indirectly contacts with the measured object through a probe, or can be a displacement sensor with the probe attached to the measured object, and the vibration waveform of the measured object is transmitted to the displacement sensor through the probe, so as to obtain the vibration waveform of the measured object.
In practical implementation, the non-contact displacement sensor (also called a non-contact vibration sensor, a non-contact distance measurement sensor or a non-contact vibration sensor) is a displacement sensor which is not contacted with the measured object, but a medium is required to conduct vibration waveforms to a probe of the non-contact displacement sensor, for example, the non-contact displacement sensor can be an eddy current sensor, and the medium of the eddy current sensor is an electromagnetic field. The non-contact displacement sensor may also be a laser sensor, the medium of which is laser light. The non-contact displacement sensor can also be an ultrasonic sensor, the medium of which is ultrasonic wave, and the ultrasonic wave is transmitted in the air.
In a specific implementation, when the electronic device is a contact displacement sensor, in this embodiment, the contact displacement sensor may be an acceleration sensor, as shown in fig. 2, and the principle of collecting the vibration waveform of the vibration of the auscultation diaphragm by the acceleration sensor 204 is as follows, where the acceleration sensor 204 is attached to the auscultation diaphragm 2031, and the vibration waveform of the vibration of the auscultation diaphragm 2031 is collected.
In practice, the acceleration sensor 204 may be attached to the center point of the auscultatory film sheet 2031.
In particular, in order to avoid the vibration of the auscultation diaphragm affected by the acceleration sensor 204, in this embodiment, the mass of the acceleration sensor 204 needs to be very light so as not to affect the vibration of the auscultation diaphragm. The acceleration sensor 204 may be a wireless device or a wired device, as shown in fig. 2, where the acceleration sensor 204 is a wired device, and a cable connected to the acceleration sensor 204 needs to be very soft, so that the auscultation diaphragm vibration is not affected by the softness.
In a specific implementation, the acceleration sensor 204 may be a wired device or a wireless device, and the controller, the digital-to-analog converter, the encoder, the transmission unit, and other intelligent devices of the acceleration sensor 204 and the remote server in communication with the acceleration sensor 204 may be disposed on a stethoscope (for example, may be partially disposed on a stethoscope head, partially disposed on a stethoscope structure outside the stethoscope head), or may be disposed outside the stethoscope. As shown in fig. 2, the acceleration sensor 204 is exemplified by a wired device, and the acceleration sensor 204 is exemplified by an intelligent device and a remote server which are disposed outside the stethoscope, and is connected to the intelligent device or the remote server through a cable.
In specific implementation, when the electronic device is a contact displacement sensor, in this embodiment, the contact displacement sensor may also be a sensor for sensing vibration of a probe, as shown in fig. 3, and the principle of collecting the vibration waveform of vibration of the auscultation diaphragm by the sensor for sensing vibration of the probe is as follows, and the sensor 205 for sensing vibration of the probe is embedded in the cover 2032 at the back of the auscultation head;
One end of the probe 301 is contacted with the auscultation diaphragm 2031 (for example, one end of the probe 301 may be adhered to the auscultation diaphragm 2031 or may be pressed against the auscultation diaphragm 2031), the other end of the probe 301 is contacted with the sensor 205 for sensing probe vibration, and the vibration waveform of the probe 301 is acquired by the sensor 205 for sensing probe vibration, and is the vibration waveform of the auscultation diaphragm vibration.
In particular, in order not to affect the vibration and flow of the air inside the stethoscope head and not to affect the picking up of the first sound, the sensor 205 sensing the vibration of the probe may be wholly or partially embedded inside the cover 2032 on the back of the stethoscope head, for example, the thickness of the cover on the back of the stethoscope head of a conventional mechanical stethoscope may be adjusted, and the thickness of the cover is equivalent to the overall thickness or partial thickness of the sensor 205 sensing the vibration of the probe, so that the sensor 205 sensing the vibration of the probe is wholly or partially embedded inside the cover 2032 on the back of the stethoscope head.
In particular, a probe 301 is used to lightly press or adhere to the auscultation diaphragm 2031, for example, as shown in fig. 3, one end of the probe 301 may lightly press or adhere to the center point of the auscultation diaphragm 2031, the vibration waveform of the auscultation diaphragm 2031 is transmitted to the sensor 205 sensing the vibration of the probe through the probe 301, the sensor 205 sensing the vibration waveform of the probe 301, and the vibration waveform of the probe 301 is the vibration waveform of the auscultation diaphragm 2031.
In particular, in order to better transmit vibration, the probe can use a light hard material, the light material can reduce the influence of the probe on the vibration of the auscultation diaphragm, and the hard material can better transmit vibration.
In practical use, the stethoscope will have different pressing force to the stethoscope head according to different diagnosis requirements, and in order not to affect the traditional auscultation mode, as shown in fig. 3, the other end of the probe 301 is in contact with an elastic device (e.g. a spring) disposed inside the sensor 205 for sensing the vibration of the probe, when the stethoscope head is pressed by the doctor, the stethoscope diaphragm moves toward the stethoscope head, the spring is in a compressed state, and the probe can also move toward the sensor 205 for sensing the vibration of the probe, so that the diagnosis of the doctor is not affected.
In a specific implementation, the sensor 205 for sensing the vibration of the probe may be any one of a linear displacement sensor, a magnetostrictive displacement sensor, an inductive displacement sensor, a capacitive displacement sensor, a hall displacement sensor, and an ultrasonic displacement sensor.
In specific implementation, the sensor 205 for sensing the vibration of the probe may be a wired device or a wireless device, and the controller, the digital-analog converter, the encoder, the transmission unit, and the other intelligent devices of the sensor 205 for sensing the vibration of the probe and the remote server in communication with the sensor 205 for sensing the vibration of the probe may be disposed on the stethoscope (for example, may be partially disposed on the stethoscope head, specifically may be disposed in a thickened cover of the stethoscope head, and may be partially disposed on a structure of the stethoscope outside the stethoscope head), or may be disposed outside the stethoscope. As shown in fig. 3, the sensor 205 sensing the vibration of the probe is exemplified by a wired device, and the sensor 205 sensing the vibration of the probe is exemplified by an intelligent device and a remote server which are disposed outside the stethoscope, and is connected with the intelligent device or the remote server through a cable.
In specific implementation, when the electronic device is a non-contact displacement sensor, in this embodiment, the non-contact displacement sensor uses an eddy current displacement sensor as an example, as shown in fig. 4, and the principle of collecting the vibration waveform of the vibration of the auscultation diaphragm by the eddy current displacement sensor is as follows, and the tested device of the eddy current displacement sensor needs to be an electric and/or magnetic conductor, so that the auscultation diaphragm 2031 is set to be an electric and/or magnetic conductor; an opening is formed in the cover 2032 on the back of the stethoscope head 203, an eddy current displacement sensor 206 is placed in the opening, and vibration waveforms of vibration of the stethoscope diaphragm are collected through the eddy current displacement sensor 206, wherein the eddy current displacement sensor 206 is not in contact with the stethoscope diaphragm 2031.
In particular embodiments, the eddy current displacement sensor may include a probe and a front end, where the eddy current displacement sensor 206 may be wholly or partially embedded in the opening in the cover 2032 on the back of the stethoscope head 203 when the eddy current displacement sensor is small in size; in addition, the probe can be embedded in an opening on the cover 2032 on the back of the stethoscope head 203, and the front device is responsible for power supply, signal transmission and other works, and can be placed at other positions outside the stethoscope head 203, such as the leather hose 202, the outside of the tee joint, the earphone 201 and the like.
In particular, in order not to affect the vibration and flow of the air inside the stethoscope head and not to affect the picking up of the first sound, the cover 2032 on the back of the stethoscope head of the traditional mechanical stethoscope may be thickened, as shown in fig. 4, the thickness of the cover 2032 is equivalent to the whole thickness or part of the thickness of the eddy current displacement sensor 206, so that the eddy current displacement sensor 206 may be wholly or partially embedded in the cover, and the surface of the eddy current displacement sensor 206 may or may not extend into the cavity of the stethoscope head.
In specific implementation, the auscultation diaphragm can be set as a conductive and/or magnetically conductive conductor in a manner that, for example, the auscultation diaphragm is made of a conductive material and/or a magnetically conductive material, namely, the auscultation diaphragm is made of the conductive material and/or the magnetically conductive material, so that the auscultation diaphragm is the conductive and/or magnetically conductive conductor; the auscultation film can be plated with a layer of conductive and/or magnetic film, so that the auscultation film becomes a conductive and/or magnetic conductor, and the film area is better than 3 times of the probe area of an electronic device; as shown in fig. 4, a base 401 may be fixed at the center of the auscultation diaphragm 2031, and an electrically conductive and/or magnetically conductive sheet 402 may be fixed on the base 401, and a vibration waveform of vibration of the electrically conductive and/or magnetically conductive sheet 402 may be collected by the eddy current displacement sensor 206, where the vibration waveform of vibration of the electrically conductive and/or magnetically conductive sheet 402 is a vibration waveform of vibration of the auscultation diaphragm 2031. The conductive and/or magnetically permeable sheet 402 is spaced from the auscultatory film 2031 a distance such that the auscultatory film is not affected, and the conductive and/or magnetically permeable sheet is selected with care to prevent resonance.
In particular, in order to improve the measurement accuracy, the eddy current displacement sensor may be perpendicular to the plane of the auscultation diaphragm, or an included angle formed by the eddy current displacement sensor and the plane of the auscultation diaphragm is greater than 75 degrees, that is, an included angle of the eddy current displacement sensor deviating from a direction perpendicular to the plane of the auscultation diaphragm is less than 15 degrees.
In specific implementation, the eddy current displacement sensor 206 may be a wired device or a wireless device, and the controller, the digital-to-analog converter, the encoder, the transmission unit and other intelligent devices of the eddy current displacement sensor 206 and the remote server in communication with the eddy current displacement sensor 206 may be disposed on the stethoscope (for example, may be partially disposed on the stethoscope head, particularly may be disposed in a thickened cover of the stethoscope head, partially disposed on a stethoscope structure outside the stethoscope head, particularly may be disposed on a structural position such as a leather hose, a tee joint, and an earpiece), or may be disposed outside the stethoscope. As shown in fig. 4, the eddy current displacement sensor 206 is exemplified by a wired device, and the eddy current displacement sensor 206 is exemplified by an intelligent device and a remote server disposed outside the stethoscope, and is connected to the intelligent device or the remote server through a cable.
In particular, in order to avoid affecting the normal operation of the stethoscope head, in this embodiment, the diameter of the opening for placing the eddy current displacement sensor is in the range of 1mm to 60 mm.
When the electronic device is a non-contact displacement sensor, in this embodiment, the non-contact displacement sensor may also take a laser device and a laser signal processor as an example, and the principle of collecting vibration waveforms of vibration of the auscultation diaphragm by the laser device and the laser signal processor is as follows, where the electronic device includes the laser device and the laser signal processor, the laser device is embedded in a cover on the back of the auscultation head, and a laser beam irradiates the auscultation diaphragm, and receives reflected light of the auscultation diaphragm by the laser device;
the vibration waveform of the auscultation diaphragm vibration is calculated by a laser signal processor according to the related information (such as frequency, incidence angle, reflection angle, etc.) of the emitted laser and/or the reflected laser.
In specific implementation, the principle of collecting the vibration waveform of the auscultation diaphragm vibration through the laser device and the laser signal processor can be realized according to the laser vibration measuring technologies such as Doppler laser vibration measuring method, interference laser vibration measuring method, triangle laser vibration measuring method, three-dimensional laser vibration measuring method, full-field scanning type laser vibration measuring method, single-point laser vibration measuring method, multi-point laser vibration measuring method, microscopic type laser vibration measuring method, rest method, speckle method, moire interferometry, defocusing method, heterodyne interferometry and the like.
In practice, the laser device may be embedded in whole or in part on the cover on the back of the stethoscope head. In order to increase the accuracy of the sound pick-up, a laser beam may also be irradiated on the center point of the auscultation membrane.
In this embodiment, a triangle laser vibration measuring method is taken as an example to collect vibration waveforms of vibration of the auscultation diaphragm by a laser device and a laser signal processor, as shown in fig. 5, the laser device is a laser emitter 207, a laser receiver 208 and a charge coupled device, two holes are arranged on a cover 2032 on the back of the auscultation head, the laser emitter 207 is placed in one hole, the laser receiver 208 and the charge coupled device are placed in the other hole, a laser beam emitted by the laser generator 207 irradiates on the auscultation diaphragm 2031, reflected light of the auscultation diaphragm 2031 is received by the laser receiver 208, the reflected light is projected onto the charge coupled device to generate a light spot, and then the laser signal processor calculates the vibration waveforms of vibration of the auscultation diaphragm according to an angle of incident light, an angle of the reflected light and a moving distance of the light spot.
In particular, in order to improve the laser reflection effect, the laser beam emitted by the laser generator 207 irradiates the center point of the auscultation film 2031, and the center point of the auscultation film may be further coated with a reflective material. The vibration of the auscultation diaphragm causes a change in the angle of the reflected light, which in turn causes a shift in the spot on the ccd. The waveform of the vibration of the auscultation diaphragm can be continuously calculated by adopting a laser signal processor according to the data of the change of the incident angle and the reflection angle, the change of the distance between the measured point and the light spot on the charge coupled device, and the like.
In particular, in order not to affect the vibration and flow of the air inside the stethoscope head and not to affect the picking up of the first sound, the cover 2032 on the back of the stethoscope head of the traditional mechanical stethoscope may be thickened, as shown in fig. 5, the thickness of the cover 2032 is equivalent to the whole length or part of the length of the laser emitter 207 and the laser receiver 208, so that the laser emitter 207 and the laser receiver 208 may be wholly or partially embedded in the cover, and the surfaces of the laser emitter 207 and the laser receiver 208 may or may not extend into the cavity of the stethoscope head.
In specific implementation, the vibration waveform of the auscultation diaphragm vibration can be collected based on a doppler laser vibration measurement method, for example, a hole is formed in the back surface of the auscultation head, one laser receiving and transmitting probe is placed in the hole, a laser beam emitted by the laser receiving and transmitting probe irradiates on the center point of the auscultation diaphragm, then reflected light is received by the laser receiving and transmitting probe, the auscultation diaphragm vibration actually moves according to a certain speed and direction, the frequency of the reflected light and the frequency of the emitted light are different based on the doppler principle, and the laser signal processor can continuously calculate the vibration waveform of the auscultation diaphragm according to the frequency difference of the reflected light and the emitted light.
In specific implementation, the vibration waveform of the auscultation diaphragm vibration can be collected based on the laser three-dimensional vibration measurement principle, for example, if three holes are formed in the back surface of the auscultation head, three laser receiving and transmitting probes are respectively placed in the three holes, three laser beams emitted by the laser receiving and transmitting probes irradiate on the same measuring point on the auscultation diaphragm, the measuring point is the center point of the auscultation diaphragm, reflected light is received by the three laser receiving and transmitting probes, and the vibration waveform of the auscultation diaphragm is continuously calculated by the laser signal processor through the angle of the reflected light.
In specific implementation, the laser emitter 207 and the laser receiver 208 may be wired devices or wireless devices, and the intelligent devices such as the controllers, digital-to-analog converters, encoders, transmission units, and the remote servers that communicate with the laser emitter 207 and the laser receiver 208 may be disposed on the stethoscope (for example, may be partially disposed on the stethoscope head, particularly may be disposed in a thickened cover of the stethoscope head, and partially disposed on a stethoscope structure outside the stethoscope head, particularly may be disposed on a structural position such as a leather hose, a tee joint, and a receiver), or may be disposed outside the stethoscope. As shown in fig. 5, the laser transmitter 207 and the laser receiver 208 are exemplified by wired devices, and the intelligent device and the remote server are exemplified by being disposed outside the stethoscope, and the laser transmitter 207 and the laser receiver 208 are connected to the intelligent device or the remote server by cables.
In practice, the laser signal processor may be disposed on or off the stethoscope.
In specific implementation, when the electronic device is a non-contact displacement sensor, in this embodiment, the non-contact displacement sensor may further include an ultrasonic displacement sensor 209 and an ultrasonic signal processor, as shown in fig. 6, and the principle of collecting vibration waveforms of vibration of the auscultation diaphragm through the ultrasonic displacement sensor and the ultrasonic signal processor is as follows:
The electronic device includes an ultrasonic displacement sensor and an ultrasonic signal processor, the ultrasonic displacement sensor 209 is embedded in the cover 2032 on the back of the stethoscope head, ultrasonic waves (ultrasonic waves with fixed frequency or non-fixed frequency can be emitted to the auscultation diaphragm 2031) are emitted by the ultrasonic displacement sensor 209, and ultrasonic waves reflected by the auscultation diaphragm 2031 are received by the ultrasonic displacement sensor 209;
and calculating a vibration waveform of the auscultation diaphragm vibration according to the related information (such as frequency, time and the like) of the emitted ultrasonic wave and/or the reflected ultrasonic wave by the ultrasonic signal processor.
In particular, the ultrasonic displacement sensor 209 may include an ultrasonic transmitting sensor and an ultrasonic receiving sensor, both of which may be integrally formed into the ultrasonic displacement sensor 209, and may be independently formed into the ultrasonic displacement sensor 209, and both of which are integrally formed or independently formed into one hole of the stethoscope back cover 2032, so as to realize the function of the ultrasonic displacement sensor 209.
In particular, the ultrasonic wave emission direction of the ultrasonic wave displacement sensor 209 may be perpendicular to the auscultation diaphragm 2031, and when in operation, the ultrasonic wave displacement sensor 209 emits ultrasonic waves to the auscultation diaphragm 2031, and the ultrasonic waves are reflected back by the auscultation diaphragm 2031 and received by the ultrasonic wave displacement sensor 209. When the auscultation diaphragm vibrates, the probe relative to the ultrasonic displacement sensor 209 moves vertically, the vertical movement has a certain direction and speed, and the frequency of the reflected ultrasonic waves changes along with the direction and speed of the movement of the auscultation diaphragm based on the Doppler principle. And the ultrasonic signal processor can calculate the waveform of the vibration of the auscultation diaphragm according to the change of the frequency.
In a specific implementation, the ultrasonic displacement sensor 209 also has another working mode, and the ultrasonic signal processor records the time of transmitting the ultrasonic wave and the time of receiving the reflected wave, and calculates the distance between the auscultation diaphragm 2031 and the ultrasonic displacement sensor 209, namely, the time-of-flight method TOF (TimeofFlight) through the time difference. And continuously calculating the distance between the auscultation diaphragm and the ultrasonic displacement sensor to obtain the waveform of the vibration of the auscultation diaphragm.
In specific implementation, when the auscultation membrane 2031 is selected, the vibration requirement of the traditional mechanical stethoscope is met, and the requirement of reflecting ultrasonic waves is well met.
In particular, in order not to affect the vibration and flow of the air inside the stethoscope head and not to affect the picking up of the first sound, the cover 2032 on the back of the stethoscope head of the traditional mechanical stethoscope may be thickened, as shown in fig. 6, the thickness of the cover 2032 is equivalent to the whole length or part of the length of the ultrasonic displacement sensor 209, so that the ultrasonic displacement sensor 209 may be wholly or partially embedded in the cover, and the surface of the ultrasonic displacement sensor 209 may or may not extend into the cavity of the stethoscope head.
In specific implementation, the ultrasonic displacement sensor 209 may be a wired device or a wireless device, and the controller, the digital-analog converter, the encoder, the transmission unit, and the other intelligent devices of the ultrasonic displacement sensor 209 and the remote server in communication with the ultrasonic displacement sensor 209 may be disposed on the stethoscope (for example, may be partially disposed on the stethoscope head, specifically may be disposed in a thickened cover of the stethoscope head, and partially disposed on a structure of the stethoscope outside the stethoscope head), or may be disposed outside the stethoscope. As shown in fig. 6, the ultrasonic displacement sensor 209 is exemplified by a wired device, and the intelligent device and the remote server are exemplified by being disposed outside the stethoscope, and the ultrasonic displacement sensor 209 is connected to the intelligent device or the remote server through a cable.
In practice, the ultrasonic signal processor may be disposed on or off the stethoscope.
In particular, the transmission medium of the ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic displacement sensor may be gas, liquid or solid. Although the adoption of the ultrasonic displacement sensor for pickup and the adoption of the microphone for pickup of the first-generation electronic stethoscope all involve the use of air as a medium, the first difference is that the microphone passively receives air vibration to pick up sound, and the ultrasonic displacement sensor actively transmits ultrasonic waves to receive reflected ultrasonic waves, so that the purpose of picking up sound is achieved. The second difference is that the measured object is different, the microphone picks up sound, the measured object is air, the air vibration waveform is the sound waveform, the measured object of the ultrasonic displacement sensor is the auscultation diaphragm, and the waveform of the auscultation diaphragm vibration is the sound waveform. In actual use, the microphone picks up air vibration waveform, the sound of air vibration is much, echo and noise interference are caused, the ultrasonic displacement sensor measures the vibration waveform of the auscultation diaphragm, the vibration waveform of the auscultation diaphragm is not interfered by external sound, and the capacity of resisting external interference is far stronger than that of the microphone.
In particular, in order to control the working state of the electronic device, in this embodiment, the electronic device may be controlled to be turned on or off in a wireless or wired manner, for example, the electronic device may be controlled to be turned on or off in a wireless manner by a remote controller, a control signal, or the like, and for a wired manner, for example, as shown in fig. 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, a switch device 210 may be disposed on the stethoscope head 203, and the electronic device may be controlled to be turned on or off by operating the switch device, that is, controlling the electronic device such as an acceleration sensor, an eddy current displacement sensor, a laser transceiver, an ultrasonic displacement sensor, or the like to turn on or turn off a recording. In particular, the switching device 210 may be in the form of a button.
In specific implementation, the acceleration sensor, the sensor for sensing the vibration of the probe, the eddy current displacement sensor, the ultrasonic sensor, the laser device and other electronic devices collect vibration waveforms of vibration of the auscultation diaphragm, after pickup is achieved, collected sound data can be sent out, for example, the sound data are sent to an intelligent device or a remote server, so that noise reduction, amplification, digital-to-analog conversion and other processes are conducted on the sound data, further, the sound data are analyzed, for example, heart sounds, lung sounds, fetal sounds, infrasonic waves and the like are analyzed, and the sound data can be used as data bases for intelligent diagnosis equipment or manual diagnosis.
In specific implementation, the implementation process of the sound pickup method of the stethoscope is as follows:
As with a traditional mechanical stethoscope, after wearing the stethoscope, the doctor places the stethoscope head on the auscultation site, slightly adjusts the position of the stethoscope head up, down, left and right, and searches for the optimal listening effect. The doctor can also press the record button beside the stethoscope head to trigger the electronic device to work while hearing the sound through the earphone of the stethoscope to diagnose the illness state, the electronic device of the stethoscope is picked up and transmitted to the remote server, and the remote server can judge the illness state through the artificial intelligence engine and return the judging result to the APP of the doctor. Meanwhile, the artificial traditional auscultation and the electronic auscultation are realized, and the electronic auscultation can play an auxiliary diagnosis role for the artificial traditional auscultation.
Based on the same inventive concept, a stethoscope is also provided in the embodiments of the present invention, as described in the following embodiments. Because the principle of the stethoscope for solving the problem is similar to that of the stethoscope, the implementation of the stethoscope can be referred to the implementation of the stethoscope, and the repetition is omitted.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram of a stethoscope according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, comprising:
a stethoscope head 703;
The earphone 701 is connected with the stethoscope head through a leather hose 702, and is used for picking up a first sound when the auscultation diaphragm 7031 of the stethoscope head 703 vibrates to drive the air in the stethoscope head to vibrate;
and an electronic device 704, arranged on the auscultation head 703, for collecting vibration waveforms of the auscultation diaphragm vibration and picking up a second sound.
In one embodiment, the electronic device is a contact type displacement sensor or a non-contact type displacement sensor.
In one embodiment, when the electronic device is a contact displacement sensor, the electronic device is an acceleration sensor, and is attached to the auscultation membrane.
In one embodiment, when the electronic device is a contact displacement sensor, the electronic device is a sensor for sensing probe vibration, and the sensor for sensing probe vibration is embedded in a cover on the back of the stethoscope head;
The stethoscope further comprises:
One end of the probe is contacted with the auscultation diaphragm, and the other end of the probe is contacted with the sensor for sensing the vibration of the probe;
The sensor for sensing the vibration of the probe is used for collecting the vibration waveform of the probe, and the vibration waveform of the probe is the vibration waveform of the vibration of the auscultation diaphragm.
In one embodiment, the sensor for sensing the vibration of the probe is any one of a linear displacement sensor, a magnetostrictive displacement sensor, an inductive displacement sensor, a capacitive displacement sensor, a hall displacement sensor and an ultrasonic displacement sensor.
In one embodiment, the other end of the probe is in contact with the sensor sensing the vibration of the probe through an elastic means.
In one embodiment, when the electronic device is a non-contact displacement sensor, the auscultation membrane is provided as an electrically and/or magnetically conductive conductor;
The electronic device is an eddy current displacement sensor which is embedded in an opening on the cover on the back of the auscultation head and is used for collecting vibration waveforms of vibration of the auscultation diaphragm, wherein the eddy current displacement sensor is not in contact with the auscultation diaphragm.
In one embodiment, the auscultation membrane is made of an electrically and/or magnetically conductive material.
In one embodiment, the auscultation membrane is coated with an electrically and/or magnetically conductive film.
In one embodiment, a base is fixed at the center of the auscultation diaphragm, an electric conduction and/or magnetic conduction sheet is fixed on the base, and the eddy current displacement sensor collects vibration waveforms of vibration of the electric conduction and/or magnetic conduction sheet, wherein the vibration waveforms of vibration of the electric conduction and/or magnetic conduction sheet are vibration waveforms of vibration of the auscultation diaphragm.
In one embodiment, when the electronic device is a non-contact displacement sensor, the electronic device includes a laser device and a laser signal processor, the laser device is embedded in a cover on the back of the stethoscope head, a laser beam irradiates on a center point of the stethoscope diaphragm, the laser device is used for receiving reflected light of the stethoscope diaphragm, and the laser signal processor is used for calculating vibration waveforms of vibration of the stethoscope diaphragm according to related information of emitted laser and/or reflected laser.
In one embodiment, the laser device comprises a laser emitter, a laser receiver and a charge coupled device, wherein two holes are formed in a cover on the back of the stethoscope head, the laser emitter is arranged in one hole, and the laser emitter is used for irradiating a laser beam on the stethoscope membrane;
The laser receiver and the charge coupled device are arranged in the other hole, and the laser receiver is used for receiving the reflected light of the auscultation diaphragm, and the reflected light is projected on the charge coupled device to generate a light spot;
The laser signal processor is used for calculating the vibration waveform of the auscultation diaphragm vibration according to the angle of the incident light, the angle of the reflected light, the moving distance of the light spot, the frequency of the light wave and the combination of any one or more parameters of the amplitude of the auscultation diaphragm.
In one embodiment, when the electronic device is a non-contact displacement sensor, the electronic device comprises an ultrasonic displacement sensor and an ultrasonic signal processor, wherein the ultrasonic displacement sensor is embedded on a cover on the back of the stethoscope head and is used for transmitting ultrasonic waves to the stethoscope diaphragm and receiving the ultrasonic waves reflected by the stethoscope diaphragm;
the ultrasonic signal processor is used for calculating the vibration waveform of the vibration of the auscultation diaphragm according to the related information of the emitted ultrasonic wave and/or the reflected ultrasonic wave.
In one embodiment, further comprising:
and the switching device is used for controlling the opening and closing of the electronic device.
The embodiment of the invention realizes the following technical effects: the method has the advantages that when the auscultation diaphragm vibrates to drive air in the auscultation head to vibrate, the first sound is picked up through the earphone of the stethoscope, the traditional auscultation mode of the stethoscope is realized, meanwhile, the electronic device is used for collecting vibration waveforms of the auscultation diaphragm vibration, the vibration waveforms of the auscultation diaphragm are waveforms of the sound, the second sound is picked up in the process, namely, the electronic auscultation equipment pickup mode is put forward on the basis of the traditional auscultation mode, so that the stethoscope can simultaneously have the traditional auscultation mode and the electronic auscultation equipment pickup mode, compared with the second-generation stethoscope in the prior art, the use habit of a doctor can be prevented from being changed, the traditional auscultation mode of the stethoscope can still be used, and then the original sound heard in the traditional auscultation mode is used as a diagnosis basis, and the study cost of the doctor is prevented from being increased; in addition, the electronic device collects vibration waveforms of vibration of the auscultation diaphragm to pick up sound, and air is not used as a medium, and air vibration pickup (such as microphone pickup) is collected.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the embodiments of the invention described above may be implemented in a general purpose computing device, they may be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed across a network of computing devices, they may alternatively be implemented in program code executable by computing devices, so that they may be stored in a storage device for execution by computing devices, and in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than what is shown or described, or they may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of modules or steps in them may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. Thus, embodiments of the invention are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.