CN113511162B - An alarm system for reminding children to stay in a car - Google Patents
An alarm system for reminding children to stay in a carDownload PDFInfo
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- CN113511162B CN113511162BCN202110558092.5ACN202110558092ACN113511162BCN 113511162 BCN113511162 BCN 113511162BCN 202110558092 ACN202110558092 ACN 202110558092ACN 113511162 BCN113511162 BCN 113511162B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
- B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
- B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
- B60R21/015—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting the presence or position of passengers, passenger seats or child seats, and the related safety parameters therefor, e.g. speed or timing of airbag inflation in relation to occupant position or seat belt use
- B60R21/01512—Passenger detection systems
- B60R21/0153—Passenger detection systems using field detection presence sensors
- B60R21/01534—Passenger detection systems using field detection presence sensors using electromagneticwaves, e.g. infrared
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
- G08B25/08—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using communication transmission lines
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电子技术领域，具体涉及一种用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统。The invention relates to the field of electronic technology, in particular to an alarm system for reminding children to stay in a vehicle.
背景技术Background technique
随着汽车数量的增加，越来越多的家庭都在享受汽车给我们带来的便利，同时，儿童在乘车方面的安全，我们也应该重视起来，儿童的自我安全意识非常的薄弱，因此一旦儿童被家长滞留在车内，很容易出现安全问题。当汽车熄火后，车内的温度会发生变化，还会产生有害气体，很容易会让儿童发生窒息危险。因此，需要设计一种能够解决上述的问题的报警系统。With the increase in the number of cars, more and more families are enjoying the convenience brought by cars. At the same time, we should also pay attention to the safety of children in driving. Children's self-safety awareness is very weak, so Once a child is stranded in a car by a parent, safety issues can easily arise. When the car is turned off, the temperature inside the car will change, and harmful gases will be produced, which can easily cause a choking hazard to children. Therefore, there is a need to design an alarm system that can solve the above-mentioned problems.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明是为了解决上述问题而进行的，目的在于提供一种用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统。The present invention is made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an alarm system for reminding a child to stay in a vehicle.
本发明提供了一种用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统，具有这样的特征，包括：供电模块，包括太阳能电池板和锂电池，用于持续供电；主控模块，与供电模块电连接；车窗状态读取与存储模块，与主控模块通信连接，用于读取车窗开启、闭合的状态，并进行存储；检测模块，安装于主驾驶座位和副驾驶座位上并与主控模块通信连接，用于检测车辆熄火后车内是否有人；定时/计时模块，与检测模块通信连接并与主控模块通信连接，用于车辆熄火后的计时，并在检测模块检测到车内有人进行定时；以及通信报警模块，与主控模块通信连接，用于发送报警短信通知车主；其中，主控模块用于控制车窗状态读取与存储模块、检测模块、定时/计时模块以及通信报警模块工作，当在汽车启动过程中，车窗状态读取与存储模块每间隔固定时间读取车辆本身控制系统中车窗传感器数据，并记录车窗开启状态，且检测模块、通信报警模块以及定时/计时模块均不工作，当汽车的车门关闭且熄火时，检测模块、通信报警模块以及定时/计时模块均开始工作，首先，定时/计时模块启动进行计时，并且检测模块启动探测，当检测模块探测到人体红外辐射时，进而通过记录的车窗状态、当前计时值决定报警间隔，通过通信报警模块发送报警短信通知车主。The present invention provides an alarm system for reminding children to stay in a vehicle, which has the following characteristics: a power supply module, including a solar panel and a lithium battery, for continuous power supply; a main control module, which is electrically connected to the power supply module; The window status reading and storage module is connected with the main control module to read the opening and closing status of the window and store it; the detection module is installed on the main driver's seat and the passenger seat and communicates with the main control module. The communication connection is used to detect whether there is someone in the car after the vehicle is turned off; the timing/timing module is connected to the detection module and communicated with the main control module, used for timing after the vehicle is turned off, and when the detection module detects that there is someone in the car. timing; and a communication alarm module, communicated with the main control module, and used to send an alarm short message to notify the car owner; wherein, the main control module is used to control the window status reading and storage module, the detection module, the timing/timing module and the communication alarm module When the car starts, the window status reading and storage module reads the window sensor data in the vehicle's own control system at regular intervals, and records the opening status of the window, and the detection module, communication alarm module and timing/ The timing module does not work. When the door of the car is closed and the ignition is turned off, the detection module, the communication alarm module and the timing/timing module all start to work. First, the timing/timing module starts to count, and the detection module starts to detect. When the detection module detects When the infrared radiation of the human body is reached, the alarm interval is determined by the recorded window status and the current timing value, and an alarm message is sent to the owner through the communication alarm module.
在本发明提供的用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统中，还可以具有这样的特征：其中，车窗状态读取与存储模块读取车窗状态时间间隔小于3秒。The alarm system for reminding children to stay in the vehicle provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: wherein the time interval between the reading of the state of the vehicle window and the reading of the state of the vehicle window by the storage module is less than 3 seconds.
在本发明提供的用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统中，还可以具有这样的特征：其中，检测模块采用红外传感器，该红外传感器的数量为4个，分别安装在主驾驶座位的两侧和副驾驶座位的两侧，且距离坐垫高度1/4～1/3处。In the alarm system for reminding children to stay in the vehicle provided by the present invention, it can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the detection module adopts infrared sensors, and the number of the infrared sensors is 4, which are respectively installed on both sides of the main driver's seat. and both sides of the passenger seat, and 1/4 to 1/3 of the height of the seat cushion.
在本发明提供的用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统中，还可以具有这样的特征：其中，红外传感器的具体工作过程包括如下步骤：In the alarm system for reminding children to stay in the vehicle provided by the present invention, it can also have the following characteristics: wherein, the specific working process of the infrared sensor includes the following steps:
步骤S1，采用滑动窗获得各个红外传感器的连续N次数值(N要大于10)，而后计算对每个红外传感器的N次探测数值的平均值MA(i,t)和方差D(i,t)；Step S1, use a sliding window to obtain consecutive N times values of each infrared sensor (N is greater than 10), and then calculate the average value MA(i,t) and variance D(i,t) of the N times detection values for each infrared sensor );
步骤S2，当红外传感器的平均值MA(i,t)大于门限时，则判断为该红外传感器为有效传感器，而后计算各个有效传感器的平均值的平方与方差的比值，并计算各个有效传感器的比值之和，记作总比值和；Step S2, when the average value MA(i,t) of the infrared sensor is greater than the threshold, it is determined that the infrared sensor is an effective sensor, and then the ratio of the square of the average value to the variance of each effective sensor is calculated, and the average value of each effective sensor is calculated. The sum of the ratios is recorded as the sum of the total ratios;
步骤S3，将有效传感器的比值除以总比值和，得到各个有效传感器的权重值；Step S3, dividing the ratio of the effective sensors by the sum of the total ratios to obtain the weight value of each effective sensor;
步骤S4，将有效传感器的平均值与有效传感器的权重值的乘积作为各个有效传感器对融合后数据的贡献值WMA(k,t)；Step S4, taking the product of the average value of the effective sensors and the weight value of the effective sensors as the contribution value WMA(k,t) of each effective sensor to the fused data;
步骤S5，计算各个所述有效传感器的贡献值之和以进行数据融合，得到融合数据，而后对连续多次的融合数据值即连续预警变量进行判断，当所述连续预警变量没有超过阈值，则所述连续预警变量清0，进入步骤S6，当所述连续预警变量加1，而后判断该连续预警变量是否大于限定的次数，当判断为大于时，则判断有儿童滞留在车内，同时将连续预警变量清0，启动通信报警模块并转到步骤S6，当判断为没有大于时，则直接进入步骤S6；In step S5, the sum of the contribution values of each of the effective sensors is calculated to perform data fusion to obtain fused data, and then the continuous multiple fused data values, that is, the continuous early warning variables, are judged. When the continuous early warning variables do not exceed the threshold, then The continuous early warning variable is cleared to 0, and the process goes to step S6. When the continuous early warning variable is incremented by 1, it is judged whether the continuous early warning variable is greater than the limited number of times. The continuous warning variable is cleared to 0, the communication alarm module is activated and the process goes to step S6, when it is judged that it is not greater than the value, it directly goes to step S6;
步骤S6，令t+1→t，返回步骤S1，Step S6, let t+1→t, return to step S1,
其中，其中，N大于10，i代表各个红外传感器，i＝1，2，3，4，t表示时间，数据融合的公式为Data(t)＝∑kWMA(k，t)，Data(t)表示在t时刻得到的融合数据，k表示有效传感器的编号。Among them, N is greater than 10, i represents each infrared sensor, i=1, 2, 3, 4, t represents time, and the data fusion formula is Data(t)=∑k WMA(k, t), Data(t ) represents the fusion data obtained at time t, and k represents the number of effective sensors.
在本发明提供的用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统中，还可以具有这样的特征：其中，定时/计时模块包括计时器与定时器，计时器在车辆熄火时开始计时，当检测模块检测到车内有人时，定时器开始工作，当定时器的溢出值溢出时，通信报警模块发送报警短信通知车主。In the alarm system for reminding children to stay in the vehicle provided by the present invention, it may also have the following feature: wherein, the timing/timing module includes a timer and a timer, and the timer starts timing when the vehicle is turned off, and when the detection module detects When there is someone in the car, the timer starts to work. When the overflow value of the timer overflows, the communication alarm module sends an alarm message to notify the car owner.
在本发明提供的用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统中，还可以具有这样的特征：其中，溢出值由车窗开启、闭合的状态以及当前计时值确定，当车窗状态为全部关闭时，读取当前计时值，当前计时值越大时，则定时器溢出值设置越小，即车辆熄火时间越长报警间隔越小，报警越频繁，当有车窗开启时，读取当前计时值，当前计时值越大时，则定时器溢出值B设置越小，即时间越长报警越频繁，在当前计时值相同的条件下，溢出值B大于溢出值A，设定Tstart为当前的计时值，TAalert为对应溢出值A的时间，其计算公式为：TAalert＝2-Tstart·k+60，且k＝200，而后根据主控时钟频率和TAalert计算溢出值A，设定Tstart为当前的计时值，TBalert为对应溢出值B的时间，其计算公式为：TBalert＝2-Tstart·k+90，且k＝300，而后根据主控时钟频率和TBalert计算溢出值B，其中，溢出值A与溢出值B的单位均为秒。In the alarm system for reminding children to stay in the car provided by the present invention, it can also have the following feature: wherein, the overflow value is determined by the state of opening and closing of the car window and the current timing value, when the state of the car window is all closed , read the current timing value. When the current timing value is larger, the timer overflow value is set to a smaller value, that is, the longer the vehicle is turned off, the smaller the alarm interval and the more frequent the alarm. When there is a window open, the current timing value is read. , when the current timing value is larger, the timer overflow value B is set to a smaller value, that is, the longer the time, the more frequent the alarm. Under the same condition of the current timing value, the overflow value B is greater than the overflow value A, and Tstart is set as the current value. Timing value, TAalert is the time corresponding to the overflow value A, its calculation formula is: TAalert = 2-Tstart ·k+60, and k = 200, and then calculate the overflow value A according to the master clock frequency and TAalert , set Tstart is the current timing value, and TBalert is the time corresponding to the overflow value B. The calculation formula is: TBalert = 2-Tstart ·k+90, and k = 300, and then the overflow is calculated according to the master clock frequency and TBalert Value B, where overflow value A and overflow value B are both in seconds.
发明的作用与效果The role and effect of the invention
根据本发明所涉及的用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统，因为具有供电模块，所以能够为系统持续供电；因为具有车窗状态读取与存储模块，所以能够读取车窗开启、闭合的状态，并进行存储；因为具有检测模块，所以能够检测车辆熄火后车内是否有人；因为具有定时/计时模块，所以能够用于车辆熄火后的计时，并在检测模块检测到车内有人进行定时；因为具有通信报警模块，所以能够发送报警短信通知车主。According to the alarm system for reminding children to stay in the car according to the present invention, because it has a power supply module, it can continuously supply power to the system; because it has a window status reading and storage module, it can read the opening and closing of the window. state, and store it; because it has a detection module, it can detect whether there is someone in the car after the vehicle is turned off; because it has a timing/timing module, it can be used for timing after the vehicle is turned off, and the detection module detects that there is someone in the car. ;Because of the communication alarm module, it can send alarm SMS to notify the owner.
因此，本发明的用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统，能够在车内有儿童滞留时，及时高效的给车主发送报警短信，降低了儿童在车内出现事故的概率。另外，当系统在车辆启动状态下，会不断读取车窗开闭状态并记录下来，当车辆熄火并且车门关闭时，系统会启动计时器，安装在前座侧方的四个红外传感器启动探测，系统会对有效传感器的数据进行数据融合，以减少误报警，当系统检测到人体热辐射时，系统会通过通信报警模块发送报警短信通知车主，能够及时让车主去查看车内的情况，而且系统会根据记录的车窗状态和计时器当前计时值决定报警间隔。Therefore, the alarm system for reminding children to stay in the car of the present invention can timely and efficiently send an alarm short message to the car owner when there are children in the car, which reduces the probability of children having an accident in the car. In addition, when the system is in the starting state of the vehicle, it will continuously read and record the opening and closing status of the windows. When the vehicle is turned off and the door is closed, the system will start the timer, and the four infrared sensors installed on the side of the front seat will start to detect. The system will fuse the data of effective sensors to reduce false alarms. When the system detects human body heat radiation, the system will send an alarm text message to notify the car owner through the communication alarm module, so that the car owner can check the situation in the car in time. The alarm interval will be determined based on the recorded window status and the current timer value.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的实施例中用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统的系统功能框图；1 is a system functional block diagram of an alarm system for reminding children to stay in a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明的实施例中用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统的检测模块的安装位置示意简图；2 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the detection module of the alarm system for reminding children to stay in the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明的实施例中用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统的检测模块的工作流程图。FIG. 3 is a working flow chart of a detection module of an alarm system for reminding children to stay in a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明实现的技术手段与功效易于明白了解，以下结合实施例及附图对本发明作具体阐述。In order to make the technical means and effects realized by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
实施例：Example:
图1是本发明的实施例中用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统的系统功能框图。FIG. 1 is a system functional block diagram of an alarm system for reminding a child to stay in a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
如图1所示，本实施例提供一种用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统100，包括：供电模块10、主控模块20、车窗状态读取与存储模块30、检测模块40、定时/计时模块50以及通信报警模块60。As shown in FIG. 1 , this embodiment provides an
供电模块10包括太阳能电池板和锂电池，用于持续供电。The
本实施例中，供电模块10采用额定电压为5V的单晶硅太阳能电池板，采用线性充电管理芯片TP4026来管理锂电池的充电过程，同时还需要用锂电池保护芯片来配合MOS管来实现锂电池的过充，过放保护。In this embodiment, the
进一步地，锂电池的电压范围在3.7V到4.2V之间，而主控模块的工作电压在3.3V，所以，需要选用低压差稳压芯片TPS733来保证系统能够正常的供电，且低压差稳压芯片TPS733连接在电源的两侧，正极接的是高电压，负极接的是输出的低电压。Further, the voltage range of the lithium battery is between 3.7V and 4.2V, and the working voltage of the main control module is 3.3V. Therefore, the low dropout voltage regulator chip TPS733 needs to be selected to ensure that the system can supply power normally, and the low dropout voltage is stable. The pressure chip TPS733 is connected to both sides of the power supply, the positive pole is connected to the high voltage, and the negative pole is connected to the output low voltage.
主控模块20与供电模块10电连接，用于控制车窗状态读取与存储模块30、检测模块40、定时/计时模块50以及通信报警模块60工作。The
本实施例中，主控模块20采用STM32芯片。In this embodiment, the
车窗状态读取与存储模块30与主控模块20通信连接，用于读取车窗开启、闭合的状态，并进行存储，且车窗状态读取与存储模块30读取车窗状态的时间间隔小于3秒。The window state reading and storage module 30 is connected in communication with the
本实施例中，车窗状态读取与存储模块30读取车窗状态的时间设置为每间隔1秒记录一次。在车辆启动中可以直接通过车辆本身控制系统来获取车窗开闭状态，无需对车窗部位额外加传感器，既降低成本又减少对车辆的改动。此处设计要求读取间隔时间短，由于只有在车辆本身控制系统运行时读取，所以当车辆熄火后无法获取数据。如果读取间隔长，会出现在间隔期间车窗状态改变并熄火的情况，这时记录的车窗状态是错误的，为防止这类情况的出现，必须设置的时间间隔短。当车辆熄火后，停止获取车窗状态，因此记录的是车辆熄火前最后的车窗状态。In this embodiment, the time when the window state reading and storage module 30 reads the state of the vehicle window is set to be recorded every 1 second. When the vehicle is started, the window opening and closing status can be obtained directly through the vehicle's own control system, and there is no need to add additional sensors to the window, which not only reduces costs but also reduces changes to the vehicle. The design here requires a short reading interval. Since the reading is only performed when the vehicle's own control system is running, the data cannot be obtained when the vehicle is turned off. If the reading interval is long, the state of the window will change and the ignition will be turned off during the interval. At this time, the recorded state of the window is wrong. To prevent such a situation, the time interval must be set short. When the vehicle is turned off, the window status is stopped, so the last window status before the vehicle is turned off is recorded.
图2是本发明的实施例中用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统的检测模块的安装位置示意简图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the detection module of the alarm system for reminding the children to stay in the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention.
如图2所示，检测模块40安装于主驾驶座位和副驾驶座位上并与主控模块20通信连接，用于检测车辆熄火后车内是否有人。As shown in FIG. 2 , the
本实施例中，检测模块40采用红外传感器，该红外传感器的数量为4个，分别安装在主驾驶座位的两侧和副驾驶座位的两侧，且距离坐垫高度1/4～1/3处。这样设计的出发点是在满足全方位检测的基本保障下，这个位置相对不容易被脚踢到或者被触摸到，同时不影响驾驶安全。因为一个红外传感器的检测范围最多只有120度，所以安装一个传感器不足以能够覆盖到后面的全部座位，为保证能够对后排座位进行全方位的检测，在主驾驶和副驾驶的侧面都安装一个红外传感器，一共4个红外传感器。主驾驶后面的座位主要由安装在主驾驶的两侧红外传感器和副驾驶的内侧红外传感器来检测，后排中间的位置主要是由安装在主驾驶和副驾驶内侧的红外传感器来检测，副驾驶后面的座位主要是由安装在副驾驶两侧的红外传感器和主驾驶内测的红外传感器来检测。系统采用红外检测对车辆改装较小，不像压力传感器需要对座位进行大改装，红外传感器只要安装牢固就可以了，以后一旦儿童长大了，就不需要报警系统了，将这4个红外传感器拆除对车辆几乎没有影响。In this embodiment, the
检测模块40的工作方式如下：当汽车熄火后，检测模块启动，此时，4个红外传感器开始工作，红外传感器是检测10μm的人体红外辐射而进行工作的，10μm的红外辐射会聚集到红外感应源上，红外感应源接收到人体红外辐射温度发生变化时就会失去电荷平衡，向外释放电荷。The working method of the
在开放的空间，比如走廊、房屋入口等处，红外传感器能准确探测到人体，但车内空间密闭狭小，在10μm波长附近，还有其它干扰因素存在，因此需要从红外传感器获得的数据中剔除干扰性因素。由于人距离各个传感器的距离不同，不同位置传感器测量获得的数据差异较大，如果仅仅取多个传感器中的最大值进行判断，则错判误报的概率就很大。本系统将多个有效传感器数据进行融合，在有效检测人体的同时，大大降低错判误报的概率，只有有效传感器的数据才用于最终数据融合。In open spaces, such as corridors, house entrances, etc., the infrared sensor can accurately detect the human body, but the space inside the car is confined and narrow, and there are other interference factors near the 10μm wavelength, so it needs to be excluded from the data obtained by the infrared sensor. interfering factors. Due to the different distances between people and various sensors, the data obtained by sensors at different positions are quite different. If only the maximum value of multiple sensors is used for judgment, the probability of misjudgment and false alarm is very large. This system fuses multiple valid sensor data, which greatly reduces the probability of false positives and false positives while effectively detecting the human body. Only valid sensor data is used for final data fusion.
图3是本发明的实施例中用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统的检测模块的工作流程图。FIG. 3 is a working flow chart of a detection module of an alarm system for reminding children to stay in a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
如图3所示，红外传感器的具体工作过程包括如下步骤：As shown in Figure 3, the specific working process of the infrared sensor includes the following steps:
步骤S1，采用滑动窗获得各个红外传感器的连续N次数值，而后计算对每个红外传感器的N次探测数值的平均值MA(i，t)和方差D(i，t)，公式如下：In step S1, a sliding window is used to obtain consecutive N times values of each infrared sensor, and then the average value MA(i, t) and variance D(i, t) of the N times detection values for each infrared sensor are calculated, and the formula is as follows:
MA(i，t)＝E[P(i)]MA(i,t)=E[P(i)]
＝[Pi(t)+Pi(t-1)+……+Pi(t-N+1)]/N(N＞10)=[Pi (t)+Pi (t-1)+...+Pi (t-N+1)]/N(N>10)
D(i，t)＝E[Pi(t-k)-MA(i，t)]2D(i, t)=E[Pi (tk)-MA(i, t)]2
步骤S2，当MA(i，t)＞门限A，则第i个红外传感器为是有效传感器，设有K个红外传感器为有效传感器，分别用k＝1，2......，K来表示有效传感器的编号，而后分别计算各个有效传感器的平均值的平方与方差的比值
步骤S3，将有效传感器的比值除以总比值和，得到各个有效传感器的权重值W(k，t)＝δ(k，t)/M。In step S3, the ratio of the effective sensors is divided by the sum of the total ratios to obtain the weight value of each effective sensor W(k, t)=δ(k, t)/M.
步骤S4，将有效传感器的平均值与有效传感器的权重值的乘积作为各个有效传感器对融合后数据的贡献值WMA(k，t)，其公式为：WMA(k，t)＝W(k，t)*MA(k，t)。In step S4, the product of the average value of the effective sensors and the weight value of the effective sensors is used as the contribution value WMA(k, t) of each effective sensor to the fused data, and the formula is: WMA(k, t)=W(k, t)*MA(k,t).
步骤S5，计算各个所述有效传感器的贡献值之和以进行数据融合，得到融合数据，而后对连续多次的融合数据值即连续预警变量进行判断，当所述连续预警变量没有超过阈值即门限B，则所述连续预警变量清0，进入步骤S6，当所述连续预警变量加1，而后判断该连续预警变量是否大于门限C即限定的次数，当判断为大于时，则判断有儿童滞留在车内，同时将连续预警变量清0，启动通信报警模块并转到步骤S6，当判断为没有大于时，则直接进入步骤S6。Step S5, calculate the sum of the contribution values of each of the effective sensors to perform data fusion to obtain fused data, and then judge the continuous multiple fused data values, that is, the continuous early warning variable. When the continuous early warning variable does not exceed the threshold, that is, the threshold B, then the continuous warning variable is cleared to 0, and the step S6 is entered. When the continuous warning variable is incremented by 1, it is judged whether the continuous warning variable is greater than the threshold C, that is, the limited number of times. In the car, the continuous warning variable is cleared to 0 at the same time, the communication alarm module is activated, and the process goes to step S6.
步骤S6，令t+1→t，返回步骤S1。Step S6, let t+1→t, and return to step S1.
其中，N大于10，i代表各个红外传感器，i＝1，2，3，4，t表示时间，数据融合的公式为Data(t)＝∑kWMA(k，t)，Data(t)表示在t时刻得到的融合数据，k表示有效传感器的编号。Among them, N is greater than 10, i represents each infrared sensor, i=1, 2, 3, 4, t represents time, the formula of data fusion is Data(t)=∑k WMA(k ,t), Data(t) represents The fusion data obtained at time t, k represents the number of the effective sensor.
本实施例中，阈值与器件参数有关，通过实验采集的数据确定的，且连续预警变量用于记录截止当前连续出现了多少次超过阈值B。In this embodiment, the threshold value is related to the device parameter, which is determined by the data collected through the experiment, and the continuous early warning variable is used to record how many times the threshold value B has been exceeded continuously until now.
此外，本实施例中的连续预警变量是用于计数连续多少次超过阈值，这样就不会产生误报警。当连续多次数据都超过阈值，说明不是偶尔的误判断，门限C代表次数，一般是5到12次。In addition, the continuous warning variable in this embodiment is used to count how many times the threshold is exceeded continuously, so that false alarms will not be generated. When the data exceeds the threshold for several consecutive times, it means that it is not an occasional misjudgment. The threshold C represents the number of times, generally 5 to 12 times.
其中，MA(i,t)为第i个传感器在t时刻的均值，N大于10，i代表各个红外传感器，i＝1，2，3，4，表示4个红外传感器，Pi(t)表示为第i个传感器当前获得的数据，k＝0，1，2，……，N-1，D(i,t)为第i个传感器在t时刻的方差。Among them, MA(i,t) is the average value of the ith sensor at time t, N is greater than 10, i represents each infrared sensor, i=1, 2, 3, 4, represents 4 infrared sensors, Pi(t) represents is the data currently obtained by the ith sensor, k=0, 1, 2, ..., N-1, and D(i, t) is the variance of the ith sensor at time t.
本实施例中，步骤S5中的阈值与器件参数有关，门限A和门限B的数据值都与电路、器件参数有关。In this embodiment, the threshold in step S5 is related to device parameters, and the data values of threshold A and threshold B are related to circuit and device parameters.
定时/计时模块50与检测模块40通信连接，并与主控模块20通信连接，用于车辆熄火后的计时，并在检测模块40检测到车内有人进行定时。The timing/
本实施例中，定时/计时模块50包括计时器与定时器，计时器在车辆熄火时开始计时，当检测模块40检测到车内有人时，定时器开始工作，当定时器的溢出值溢出时，通信报警模块6发送报警短信通知车主。In this embodiment, the timing/
本实施例中，溢出值由车窗开启、闭合的状态以及当前计时值确定，当车窗状态为全部关闭时，读取当前计时值，当前计时值越大时，则定时器溢出值设置越小，即车辆熄火时间越长报警间隔越小，报警越频繁，当有车窗开启时，读取当前计时值，当前计时值越大时，则定时器溢出值B设置越小，即时间越长报警越频繁，In this embodiment, the overflow value is determined by the state of opening and closing of the vehicle window and the current timing value. When the state of the vehicle window is all closed, the current timing value is read. The larger the current timing value is, the more the timer overflow value is set. Small, that is, the longer the vehicle is turned off, the smaller the alarm interval and the more frequent the alarm. When there is a window open, the current timing value is read. When the current timing value is larger, the timer overflow value B is set to a smaller value, that is, the longer the time. The more frequent the long alarm,
进一步地，在当前计时值相同的条件下，溢出值B大于溢出值A，这样设计是考虑到有时不得已只能将儿童滞留车内时，才会将窗户开启，并非遗忘车内儿童，频繁报警不必要。Further, under the same condition of the current timing value, the overflow value B is greater than the overflow value A. This is designed to take into account that sometimes the children can only be kept in the car, and the windows will be opened instead of forgetting the children in the car and frequently alarming. unnecessary.
进一步地，设定Tstart为当前的计时值，TAalert为对应溢出值A的时间，其计算公式为：TAalert＝2-Tstart·k+60，且k＝200，而后根据主控时钟频率和TAalert计算溢出值A，设定Tstart为当前的计时值，TBalert为对应溢出值B的时间，其计算公式为：TBalert＝2-Tstart·k+90，且k＝300，而后根据主控时钟频率和TBalert计算溢出值B。Further, set Tstart to be the current timing value, TAalert to be the time corresponding to the overflow value A, and its calculation formula is: TAalert =2-Tstart ·k+60, and k=200, and then according to the master clock frequency Calculate the overflow value A with TAalert , set Tstart as the current timing value, and TBalert as the time corresponding to the overflow value B. The calculation formula is: TBalert =2-Tstart ·k+90, and k = 300, and then The overflow value B is calculated based on the master clock frequency and TBalert .
其中，溢出值A与溢出值B的单位均为秒。The units of overflow value A and overflow value B are both seconds.
通信报警模块60与主控模块20通信连接，用于发送报警短信通知车主。The
本实施例中，通信报警模块60使用SIM900A模块，工作频段双频为900Mhz，可以低功耗实现SMS数据的传输。STM32通过串口向通信报警模块发送相应的AT命令，来实现短消息的发送和接受。In this embodiment, the
本实施例的用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统的工作过程如下：The working process of the alarm system for reminding the children to stay in the vehicle of this embodiment is as follows:
本实施例的用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统100，当在汽车启动过程中，车窗状态读取与存储模块30每间隔固定时间读取车辆本身控制系统中车窗传感器数据，并记录车窗开启状态，且检测模块40、通信报警模块60以及定时/计时模块50均不工作，In the
当汽车的车门关闭且熄火时，检测模块40、通信报警模块60以及定时/计时模块50均开始工作，首先，定时/计时模块50启动进行计时，并且检测模块40启动探测，当检测模块40探测到人体红外辐射时，进而通过记录的车窗状态、当前计时值决定报警间隔，通过通信报警模块60发送报警短信通知车主。When the door of the car is closed and the engine is turned off, the
实施例的作用与效果Action and effect of the embodiment
根据本实施例所涉及的用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统，因为具有供电模块，所以能够为系统持续供电；因为具有车窗状态读取与存储模块，所以能够读取车窗开启、闭合的状态，并进行存储；因为具有检测模块，所以能够检测车辆熄火后车内是否有人；因为具有定时/计时模块，所以能够用于车辆熄火后的计时，并在检测模块检测到车内有人进行定时；因为具有通信报警模块，所以能够发送报警短信通知车主。According to the alarm system for reminding children to stay in the car involved in this embodiment, because it has a power supply module, it can continuously supply power to the system; because it has a window status reading and storage module, it can read the opening and closing of the window. Because of the detection module, it can detect whether there is someone in the car after the vehicle is turned off; because of the timing/timing module, it can be used for timing after the vehicle is turned off, and the detection module detects that there is someone in the car. Timing; because it has a communication alarm module, it can send an alarm text message to notify the owner.
根据本实施例所涉及的用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统，因为车窗状态读取与存储模块读取车窗状态的时间间隔小于3秒，所以不会出现记录的车窗状态是错误的问题。According to the alarm system for reminding the children to stay in the car involved in this embodiment, because the time interval between the reading of the window state and the reading of the window state by the storage module is less than 3 seconds, the recorded window state will not be wrong. The problem.
根据本实施例所涉及的用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统，因为检测模块采用红外传感器，该红外传感器的数量为4个，分别安装在主驾驶座位的两侧和副驾驶座位的两侧，且距离坐垫高度1/4～1/3处，所以能够对后排座位进行全方位的检测，并且采用红外检测技术对车辆改动较小。According to the alarm system for reminding children to stay in the car involved in this embodiment, because the detection module adopts infrared sensors, the number of the infrared sensors is 4, which are respectively installed on both sides of the main driver's seat and the two sides of the passenger's seat. , and it is 1/4 to 1/3 of the height of the seat cushion, so the rear seat can be detected in all directions, and the infrared detection technology is used to make little changes to the vehicle.
根据本实施例所涉及的用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统，因为定时/计时模块包括计时器与定时器，所以能够采用计时器在车辆熄火时开始计时，当检测模块检测到车内有人时，定时器开始工作，当定时器的溢出值溢出时，通信报警模块发送报警短信通知车主。According to the alarm system for reminding children to stay in the vehicle involved in this embodiment, because the timing/timing module includes a timer and a timer, the timer can be used to start timing when the vehicle is turned off, and when the detection module detects that there is someone in the vehicle When the timer starts to work, when the overflow value of the timer overflows, the communication alarm module sends an alarm message to notify the car owner.
因此，本实施例的用于提醒车内儿童滞留的报警系统，能够在车内有儿童滞留时，及时高效的给车主发送报警短信，降低了儿童在车内出现事故的概率。另外，当系统在车辆启动状态下，会不断读取车窗开闭状态并记录下来，当车辆熄火并且车门关闭时，系统会启动计时器，安装在前座侧方的四个红外传感器启动探测，系统会对有效传感器的数据进行数据融合，以减少误报警，当系统检测到人体热辐射时，系统会通过通信报警模块发送报警短信通知车主，能够及时让车主去查看车内的情况，而且系统会根据记录的车窗状态和计时器当前计时值决定报警间隔。Therefore, the alarm system for reminding the stranded children in the vehicle of the present embodiment can timely and efficiently send an alarm short message to the vehicle owner when there are children stranded in the vehicle, thereby reducing the probability of accidents involving children in the vehicle. In addition, when the system is in the starting state of the vehicle, it will continuously read and record the opening and closing status of the windows. When the vehicle is turned off and the door is closed, the system will start the timer, and the four infrared sensors installed on the side of the front seat will start to detect. The system will fuse the data of effective sensors to reduce false alarms. When the system detects human body heat radiation, the system will send an alarm text message to notify the car owner through the communication alarm module, so that the car owner can check the situation in the car in time. The alarm interval will be determined based on the recorded window status and the current timer value.
上述实施方式为本发明的优选案例，并不用来限制本发明的保护范围。The above embodiments are preferred cases of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
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