CN113503775A - Shaped charge structure capable of forming active and metal dual-projectile follow-up - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开了一种可形成活性、金属双射弹随进的聚能装药结构。本发明设计的聚能装药结构简单，加工工艺较好，且成本低；采用主药柱和前驱药柱组合的结构，由主药柱引爆前驱装药，由于前驱装药具有更高的爆速和爆压，且活性罩密度相对金属罩要低，同时活性罩采用喇叭形结构，导致活性罩形成的射弹具有更高的速度，从而能够形成前驱活性射弹，而金属罩形成的金属射弹尾随其后，这样两个射弹相互分离而彼此不影响。前驱活性射弹首先利用动能和化学能共同作用，在聚能装药前方的导引头等结构内侵彻、爆炸，产生一个直径远大于尾随金属射弹直径的通道，这就保证了尾随金属射弹的动能和形貌，从而保证了其对主装甲的大侵深侵彻能力。

The invention discloses an energy-forming charge structure that can form active and follow-up metal double projectiles. The energy-forming charge designed by the invention is simple in structure, better in processing technology and low in cost; a structure in which the main charge column and the precursor charge column are combined is adopted, and the precursor charge is detonated by the main charge column, because the precursor charge has a higher detonation speed and explosion pressure, and the density of the active cover is lower than that of the metal cover. At the same time, the active cover adopts a horn-shaped structure, which leads to a higher velocity of the projectile formed by the active cover, so that a precursor active projectile can be formed, while the metal shot formed by the metal cover has a higher speed. The projectile trails behind, so that the two projectiles are separated from each other without affecting each other. The precursor active projectile first uses the combined action of kinetic energy and chemical energy to penetrate and explode in the seeker and other structures in front of the shaped charge, creating a channel with a diameter much larger than the diameter of the trailing metal projectile, which ensures that the trailing metal projectile can be fired. The kinetic energy and shape of the projectile, thus ensuring its ability to penetrate deep into the main armor.

Description

Shaped charge structure capable of forming active and metal dual-projectile follow-up

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of shaped charge, in particular to an shaped charge structure capable of forming active and metal double projectiles to follow.

Background

The armoring troops play more and more important roles in the current local war, whether the armoring troops can be effectively damaged is the key for obtaining the initiative of the war, and has very important influence on the success and the progress of the war. The metal cover energy-gathering charge technology is one of effective means for anti-armor targets, and is widely applied to anti-tank, anti-armor vehicles and other targets. The metal cover energy-gathering charge technology is characterized by that it utilizes the processes of press-mounting and injection-mounting to prepare cylindrical charge whose one end is equipped with a cavity with a certain form, and the cavity can be made into the form of cone, segment and horn, then the cavity wall is tightly stuck with a shaped charge cover with a certain thickness, and after the other end of the charge is detonated, the detonation wave and expansion product can be produced, and can drive metal cover to form high-speed projectile to penetrate armor protection structure so as to attain the goal of destroying armor.

For example, the jet-flow projectile formed by the existing red copper cover under the action of energy gathering has the characteristics of good ductility and difficulty in fracture, and can achieve penetration depth of 8-10 times of the charge aperture of an armored target; for another example, the metal cover energy-gathered charge used by the front stage warhead of the antitank missile can form a metal projectile which can detonate an explosion reaction armor hung on the tank by utilizing the self kinetic energy; for another example, the rod type projectile formed by the existing metal cover of aluminum/titanium and the like under the energy gathering effect has good penetration capability to the concrete target, and can take penetration depth and penetration aperture into consideration.

However, before the metal projectile formed by the metal cover shaped charge penetrates through the target, good appearance, good symmetry, reasonable speed gradient and the like are ensured, otherwise, the penetration capacity of the metal projectile is obviously reduced. Therefore, in the design of missiles and rocket projectiles, channels are reserved for metal projectiles formed by metal cover shaped charges in the internal structure of the missiles and rocket projectiles to ensure that the metal projectiles are not lost before penetrating a target. However, with the complication of battlefield targets and the upgrade of missile target equipment, more and more missiles, rocket projectiles and the like have increasingly complex and miniaturized structures, and a typical problem is that the more and more missiles, rocket projectiles and the like are difficult to reserve a channel for a metal projectile formed by metal cover shaped charge in advance in the internal structure. In other words, the metal projectiles must first penetrate a structure such as a guide head carried by the projectile body to continue to penetrate the target, so that the kinetic energy of the metal projectiles is greatly lost, and the damage capability of the metal projectiles to the target is remarkably reduced. In addition, the process that the metal cover in the metal cover shaped charge deforms into the metal projectile under the explosive load needs a certain forming space, but structures such as a guide head carried by the projectile body are very close to the distance between the metal cover shaped charge, so that the actual forming space of the metal projectile is too small, and the metal projectile is not favorable for forming the metal projectile with good appearance. All of these reasons will significantly impair the penetration ability of metal projectiles formed from metal-capped shaped charges and provide a negative factor in the anti-armor targeting.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides an energy-gathered charge structure capable of forming an active/metal dual projectile to advance, which can form a separate precursor active projectile in front of the formed metal projectile without changing the outline of the existing energy-gathered charge, and the active projectile effectively destroys a guide head and the like carried by the projectile body by using the kinetic energy and chemical energy of the active projectile body through the invasion and explosion coupling effect, opens up a passage for the metal projectile, and ensures that the metal projectile body completely invades or acts on targets such as a main armor, an explosion reaction armor, a reinforced concrete target and the like.

The invention provides a shaped charge configuration capable of forming an active, metal dual projectile follow-up, comprising: the device comprises an initiation mechanism, a shell, a main explosive column, a front-driving explosive column, an active cover and a metal cover;

wherein, the main drug column is cylindrical, one end is a plane, and the other end is provided with a groove matched with the precursor drug column and the metal cover; the precursor drug column is cylindrical and coaxial with the main drug column, one end of the precursor drug column is a plane, and the other end of the precursor drug column is provided with a groove matched with the active cover; the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of the precursor explosive column are higher than those of the main explosive column;

the active cover is in a hollow horn shape with an opening at the bottom end and is coaxial with the precursor drug column; the metal cover is a hollow round table with openings at two ends and is coaxial with the precursor column; the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the metal cover is the same as that of the opening end of the active cover, and the outer diameter of the lower bottom surface of the metal cover is the same as that of the main explosive column;

the initiation mechanism is positioned at the plane end of the main explosive column; the shell is wrapped on the outer surfaces of the detonation mechanism and the main explosive column.

Preferably, the metal cover is pressed on the main grain by a pressing screw.

Preferably, the pressing screw is of a circular ring structure and is made of a high-density metal material.

Preferably, the main explosive column is made of high-energy explosive by die pressing; the length-diameter ratio of the main explosive columns is 0.8-1.5, and single-point center detonation is carried out through the detonation mechanism.

Preferably, the precursor explosive column is formed by high-energy explosive through die press mounting, the length-diameter ratio of the precursor explosive column is 0.8-1.2, and the precursor explosive column is detonated by the main explosive column.

Preferably, the active cover is prepared by cold press molding and high-temperature sintering of an active material, wherein the active material is an active energetic mixture formed by filling a certain amount of energetic metal powder with high polymer powder serving as a matrix.

Preferably, the active cover is prepared by PTFE/Ti, PTFE/Al/W or PTFE/Cu mixed powder material.

Preferably, the active mask is an equal wall thickness mask.

Preferably, the metal cover is made of a high-density inert metal material.

Preferably, the metal cover is made of copper, tungsten, iron or tungsten-copper alloy.

Preferably, the inner taper angle of the metal cover is equal to the outer taper angle thereof, or is 1-3 degrees smaller than the outer taper angle.

Preferably, the housing is made of a low-density metal material or a high-molecular non-metal material.

Preferably, the housing is made of aluminum or nylon.

Preferably, shellac is coated between the main drug column and the metal cover, between the precursor drug column and between the active cover and the precursor drug column.

Has the advantages that:

the energy-gathered charging structure designed by the invention is simple in structure, good in processing technology and low in cost; the structure of the combination of the main explosive column and the precursor explosive column is adopted, the precursor explosive is detonated after the main explosive column is detonated, the precursor explosive has higher detonation velocity and detonation pressure, the density of the active cover is lower than that of the metal cover, meanwhile, the active cover adopts a horn-shaped structure, all the factors result in that the projectile formed by the active cover has higher velocity, so that the active cover firstly forms the precursor active projectile under the action of energy gathering, the metal projectile formed by the metal cover is followed by the precursor active projectile, and the two projectiles are separated from each other and do not influence each other. The precursor active projectile firstly utilizes the combined action of kinetic energy and chemical energy to penetrate and explode in a guide head and other structures in front of the shaped charge to generate a channel with the diameter far larger than that of the trailing metal projectile, so that the kinetic energy and the shape of the trailing metal projectile are ensured, and the large penetration capability of the trailing metal projectile on main armor is ensured.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic of the structure of a shaped charge configuration of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the housing of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the tapered metal cap of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a trumpet-shaped active cover in the invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the main grain of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a precursor cartridge of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a top view of the construction of the pressing screw according to the present invention.

Figure 8 is a schematic representation of the penetration behavior of shaped charges of the present invention with shaped charges of conventional construction. Wherein FIG. 8(a) is a schematic of shaped charge penetration behavior of the present invention, (i) prior to penetration by an active projectile, (ii) passage by an active projectile, and (iii) penetration by a metal projectile into the main armor; fig. 8(b) a traditional structure shaped charge penetration behavior schematic, (I) a metal projectile penetration front, (II) a metal projectile penetration seeker, and (III) a metal projectile penetration main armor.

Wherein, the device comprises adetonation mechanism 1, ashell 2, a mainexplosive column 3, a precursorexplosive column 4, anactive cover 5, ametal cover 6 and apressing screw 7.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention provides an energy-gathering charge structure capable of forming an active/metal dual projectile to follow, which is characterized in that a channel is opened for a following metal projectile in a guide head by generating a precursor active projectile and a following metal projectile which are separated, and the invasion coupling effect of the precursor active projectile is utilized to clear away obstacles in the jet channel, so that the strong penetration capability of the metal projectile of the following precursor active projectile is ensured, and the large penetration depth of a steel target is realized.

As shown in fig. 1, the shaped charge structure of the present invention comprises: the explosive device comprises aninitiation mechanism 1, ashell 2, a mainexplosive column 3, a frontexplosive column 4, anactive cover 5, ametal cover 6 and apressing screw 7.

Themain drug column 3 is a cylinder, one end is a plane, and the other end is provided with a cylinder matched with the outer surface of thefront drug column 4 and a cone-shaped combined groove matched with the outer surface of themetal cover 6, as shown in fig. 5. The mainexplosive column 3 generally adopts high-energy explosives with high detonation velocity and high detonation pressure, such as 8701 explosives, JO-8 explosives and the like, the structure is generally pressed and assembled by a mould, the length-diameter ratio of the mainexplosive column 3 is about 0.8-1.5, and the main explosive column is detonated by the detonatingmechanism 1, wherein a single-point center detonating mode is adopted in the embodiment.

The whole front-driveexplosive column 4 is cylindrical and is coaxial with the main explosive column; one end of theprecursor drug column 4 is a plane, and the other end is provided with a groove matched with the outer surface of theactive cover 5, as shown in figure 6. The precursorexplosive column 4 is also generally made of high-energy explosive, and the detonation velocity and detonation pressure of the precursorexplosive column 4 are higher than those of the mainexplosive column 3. The precursorexplosive column 4 is also generally pressed into the structure through a die, the length-diameter ratio of the precursorexplosive column 4 is about 0.8-1.2, and the precursor explosive column is detonated by the mainexplosive column 3. The outer surface of theprecursor drug column 4 is tightly attached to the cylindrical groove surface of themain drug column 3.

Theactive cap 5 has a hollow horn shape with one end open, as shown in fig. 4. Theactive cover 5 is made of active material, the active material is made of high molecular polymer (such as PTFE, THV500, THV220) powder as a matrix, and active energetic mixture formed by certain amount of energetic metal powder (such as metal, alloy, intermetallic compound and the like) is filled in the matrix, and commonly used mixed powder materials such as PTFE/Ti, PTFE/Al/W, PTFE/Cu and the like are adopted. The horn-shaped active cover is generally an equal-wall-thickness cover and is prepared by cold press molding and high-temperature sintering. Theactive cover 5 is coaxial with theprecursor drug column 4, and the outer surface of the active cover is tightly attached to the groove surface of theprecursor drug column 4.

Themetal cover 6 is a hollow round table structure with two open ends, and is coaxial with the mainexplosive column 3, as shown in fig. 3; the diameter of the small opening end of themetal cover 6 is the same as that of the opening end of theactive cover 5, the outer diameter of the large opening end is the same as that of the mainexplosive column 3, and the outer surface of themetal cover 6 is tightly attached to the groove of the 3 round tables of the main explosive column. Themetal cover 6 is made of high-density inert metal materials such as copper, tungsten, iron, tungsten-copper alloy and the like. The internal taper angle of themetal shield 6 is generally equal to the external taper angle thereof, and may suitably be 1 to 3 less than the external taper angle.

Theshell 2 is wrapped on the outer surfaces of theinitiation mechanism 1 and the mainexplosive column 3. As shown in fig. 2, thehousing 2 is in a stepped circular tube shape, and both ends of the housing are provided with holes; theinitiation mechanism 1 is arranged in the small end of theshell 2 and is used for initiating the mainexplosive column 3; the mainexplosive column 3 is coaxially filled in the large end of theshell 2 and is tightly attached to the detonatingmechanism 1. Theshell 2 is made of low-density metal material or high-molecular non-metal material, such as aluminum or nylon. Theshell 2 is used for fixing and protecting theinitiation mechanism 1, the mainexplosive column 3 and themetal cover 6 on one hand, and can improve the utilization rate of charging energy on the other hand.

Wherein, themetal cover 6 can be pressed on themain drug column 3 through thepressing screw 7. Thepressing screw 7 is of a circular ring structure, and generally adopts No. 45 steel as shown in FIG. 7, and is used for fixing the main explosive column and the metal cover and preventing the main explosive column and the metal cover from sliding off from the large end of the shell.

The working principle of the shaped charge structure of the present invention is shown in fig. 8, which is described in detail as follows: after thedetonation mechanism 1 of the energy-gathering charge structure is safely detonated, the mainexplosive column 3 detonates to generate detonation waves and expansion gas, theshell 2 is broken by continuous outward expansion, meanwhile, the detonation waves reach the precursorexplosive column 4, the precursorexplosive column 4 is detonated by the mainexplosive column 3 under the action of strong impact to generate detonation, the generated detonation waves firstly reach theactive cover 5 to drive the active cover to form an active projectile and enable the active projectile to move along the axial direction, when the mainexplosive column 3 generates the detonation waves to reach themetal cover 6, themetal cover 6 is extruded to be axially closed to form the metal projectile. Because the detonation velocity of the precursorexplosive column 4 is higher than that of the mainexplosive column 3, the density of the active cover is less than that of the metal cover, and the active cover adopts a horn-shaped structure, the activeexplosive cover 5 is crushed for a short time and the speed of the formed active projectile is high, so that the speed of the active projectile is higher than that of the metal projectile, and finally, the separated precursor active projectile and the tail metal projectile are formed. Then, the active projectile opens a penetration channel in the guiding head by using kinetic energy penetration and explosive coupling effects, so that the trailing metal projectile can directly pass through the guiding head without consuming the kinetic energy of the trailing metal projectile to penetrate the guiding head, and the penetration performance of the trailing metal projectile is ensured.

Examples

In the embodiment, the shell 2 is in a stepped circular tube shape, holes are formed in two ends of the shell, a low-density metal material aluminum is selected, and the thickness of the shell is 2 mm; the detonation mechanism 1 is arranged in the small end of the shell 2; the main explosive column 3 is formed by mould pressing and pressing, the material is 8701 explosive, the diameter of the main explosive column is 50mm, the charging length-diameter ratio is 1, the mass is 123.9g, the main explosive column 3 is coaxially filled in the large end of the shell 2, and the plane end is attached to the inner bottom surface of the shell 2; the precursor explosive column 4 is formed by pressing high-energy explosive with higher detonation velocity than 8701 explosive, JO-8 explosive is used as the material, so that the active cover tightly attached to the precursor explosive column can be driven more quickly, the diameter of the precursor explosive column is 20mm, the charging length-diameter ratio is 1.25, the mass is 9.7g, and the precursor explosive column 4 is tightly attached to the cylindrical groove of the main charge 3 through shellac paint; the horn-shaped active cover 5 is prepared by cold press molding and high-temperature sintering of PTFE/Al, the outer diameter of the large end is 20mm, the wall thickness is 3mm, the mass is 4.3g, and the active cover 5 is tightly attached to the groove of the precursor drug column through shellac; the metal cover 6 is made of red copper material with high sound velocity and good plasticity, the outer diameter of the large end of the metal cover is the same as that of the main explosive column, the diameter of the opening of the small end is 20mm, the cone angle is 80 degrees, the wall thickness is 2mm, the mass is 43.4g, and the metal cover 6 is tightly attached to the circular truncated cone-shaped groove of the main explosive column 3 through shellac; the pressing screw 7 is made of common 45# steel (which is a high-density metal material), the inner diameter of the pressing screw is 45mm, the outer diameter of the pressing screw is the same as that of the main explosive column, and the pressing screw 7 tightly presses the main explosive column 3 and the metal cover 6.

In this embodiment, the shaped charge configuration of the present invention has a penetration depth of about 203mm into the main armor. In a comparison test, the penetration depth of the traditional metal cover shaped charge structure with the same external dimension and material to the main armor is only 147mm under the same experimental conditions.

In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. A shaped charge configuration capable of forming an active, metal dual projectile follow-up, comprising: the detonation device comprises a detonation mechanism (1), a shell (2), a main explosive column (3), a front-drive explosive column (4), an active cover (5) and a metal cover (6);

wherein, the main drug column (3) is cylindrical, one end is a plane, and the other end is provided with a groove matched with the precursor drug column (4) and the metal cover (6); the front-drive explosive column (4) is cylindrical and is coaxial with the main explosive column (3), one end of the front-drive explosive column is a plane, and the other end of the front-drive explosive column is provided with a groove matched with the active cover (5); the detonation velocity and the detonation pressure of the precursor explosive column (4) are higher than those of the main explosive column (3);

the active cover (5) is in a hollow horn shape with an opening at the bottom end and is coaxial with the precursor drug column; the metal cover (6) is a hollow round table with openings at two ends and is coaxial with the precursor drug column; the diameter of the upper bottom surface of the metal cover (6) is the same as that of the opening end of the active cover (5), and the outer diameter of the lower bottom surface is the same as that of the main explosive column (3);

the initiation mechanism (1) is positioned at the plane end of the main explosive column (3); the shell (2) is wrapped on the outer surfaces of the detonating mechanism (1) and the main explosive column (3).

2. A shaped charge configuration to form an active, metal dual projectile follow-on, as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the metal shroud (6) is compressed against the main charge (3) by a compression screw (7).

3. A formable shaped charge construction formable into an active, metal dual projectile follow-on according to claim 2, characterized in that the press stud (7) is of annular configuration and is made of a high density metal material.

4. The formable shaped charge construction for a reactive, metal dual projectile capable of being advanced according to claim 1, wherein the main charge (3) is formed by compression molding using high explosive; the length-diameter ratio of the main explosive column (3) is 0.8-1.5, and single-point center detonation is carried out through the detonation mechanism (1).

5. The shaped charge structure capable of forming an active metal dual projectile with follow-up charge according to claim 1, wherein the precursor explosive column (4) is formed by high-energy explosive through die press-fitting, the length-diameter ratio of the precursor explosive column (4) is 0.8-1.2, and the precursor explosive column is detonated by the main explosive column (3).

6. The formable shaped charge structure capable of forming an active, metal dual projectile follow-on according to claim 1, wherein the active shroud (6) is prepared by cold press molding and high temperature sintering of an active material, the active material is an active energetic mixture comprising a high molecular polymer powder as a matrix and a certain amount of energetic metal powder filled in the matrix.

7. The formable shaped charge construction formable into an active, metal dual projectile follow-on of claim 6, characterized in that the active shroud (6) is made of PTFE/Ti, PTFE/Al/W or PTFE/Cu mixed powder material.

8. An active, metal dual projectile follow-on shaped charge structure as claimed in claim 1 or claim 6 or claim 7 wherein the active shroud (5) is an isopipe shroud.

9. The formable shaped charge structure of claim 1, formable into an active, metal dual projectile follow-on, characterized in that said metal casing (6) is made of a high density inert metal material.

10. A formable shaped charge construction for a reactive, metal dual projectile follow-on according to claim 9, characterised in that the metal casing (6) is made of copper, tungsten, iron or tungsten copper alloy.

11. A shaped charge configuration for forming an active, metal dual projectile follow-on, as claimed in claim 1, 9 or 10, wherein the metal casing (6) has an internal taper angle equal to its external taper angle, or less than 1 to 3 degrees from its external taper angle.

12. A shaped charge configuration to form an active, metal dual projectile follow-on, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the casing (2) is formed from a low density metallic material or a polymeric non-metallic material.

13. A formable shaped charge construction formable into an active, metal dual projectile follow-on according to claim 12, wherein the casing (2) is made of aluminium or nylon.

14. The shaped charge configuration capable of forming an active, metal dual projectile follow-up as claimed in claim 1 wherein the primary charge (3) and the metal shroud (6) and the precursor charge (4) are coated with shellac between the active shroud (5) and the precursor charge (4).

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