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CN113497775B - High-sensitivity receiving method in coded mode of Bluetooth receiver - Google Patents

High-sensitivity receiving method in coded mode of Bluetooth receiver
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CN113497775B
CN113497775BCN202111042215.6ACN202111042215ACN113497775BCN 113497775 BCN113497775 BCN 113497775BCN 202111042215 ACN202111042215 ACN 202111042215ACN 113497775 BCN113497775 BCN 113497775B
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刘德良
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Nanjing Qinheng Microelectronics Co Ltd
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Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开了一种蓝牙接收机coded模式下的高灵敏度接收方法,在同步捕获阶段,利用帧头格式中信号重复的特点检测到帧头,经过两次频偏估计获得总的频偏估计值,并确定随后的接入码位置;在同步跟踪阶段,利用蓝牙信号采用GMSK恒包络调制的特性,基于信号发送的伪随机特性提出了一种频偏跟踪环路进行残留频偏的跟踪,最终使接收机能够正确地对频偏进行补偿,从而使得接收机可以采用准相干解调来提高GMSK信号的解调性能。本发明可以在大频偏、低信噪比的场景下实现信号的同步捕获,即使信噪比低至0dB,也可以获得正确的频偏估计值和抽样位置估计值,并且在捕获到信号后,可以不断跟踪信号频率,为信号的解调奠定基础。

Figure 202111042215

The invention discloses a high-sensitivity receiving method in the coded mode of a bluetooth receiver. In the synchronization acquisition stage, the frame header is detected by utilizing the signal repetition characteristic in the frame header format, and the total frequency offset estimation value is obtained through two frequency offset estimations. , and determine the subsequent access code position; in the synchronization tracking stage, a frequency offset tracking loop is proposed to track the residual frequency offset based on the pseudo-random characteristics of the signal transmission by using the characteristics of the Bluetooth signal using GMSK constant envelope modulation. Finally, the receiver can correctly compensate the frequency offset, so that the receiver can use quasi-coherent demodulation to improve the demodulation performance of the GMSK signal. The invention can realize the synchronous acquisition of signals in the scenario of large frequency offset and low signal-to-noise ratio, even if the signal-to-noise ratio is as low as 0dB, the correct estimated value of frequency offset and sampling position can be obtained, and after the signal is captured , which can continuously track the signal frequency and lay the foundation for the demodulation of the signal.

Figure 202111042215

Description

Translated fromChinese
一种蓝牙接收机coded模式下的高灵敏度接收方法A high-sensitivity receiving method in the coded mode of a bluetooth receiver

技术领域technical field

本发明属于无线通信技术领域,尤其涉及一种蓝牙接收机coded模式下的高灵敏度接收方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and in particular relates to a high-sensitivity receiving method in a coded mode of a Bluetooth receiver.

背景技术Background technique

相对于uncoded模式,蓝牙5.0 coded模式为延伸传输距离,对Preamble(以下简称帧头)部分和PDU部分的格式都进行了修改。Preamble部分由10段重复的“00111100”符号序列组成,PDU部分加入了码率为1/8或1/2的纠错编码。为此,需要有别于uncoded模式的接收方法,以提高接收机的灵敏度,延伸通信距离。如何能够在相同的发射功率条件下,解决因距离延伸接收信号强度下降、信噪比减低而影响接收机灵敏度的问题,是蓝牙5.0 coded模式面临的技术难点。Compared with the uncoded mode, the Bluetooth 5.0 coded mode extends the transmission distance, and the formats of the Preamble (hereinafter referred to as the frame header) part and the PDU part have been modified. The Preamble part consists of 10 repeated "00111100" symbol sequences, and the PDU part adds error correction coding with a code rate of 1/8 or 1/2. For this reason, a receiving method different from the uncoded mode is required to improve the sensitivity of the receiver and extend the communication distance. How to solve the problem that the receiver sensitivity is affected by the decrease of the received signal strength and the reduction of the signal-to-noise ratio due to the distance extension under the same transmit power condition is the technical difficulty faced by the Bluetooth 5.0 coded mode.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

发明目的:为了解决现有技术中,蓝牙接收机在5.0 coded模式下灵敏度差的问题,本发明提供一种蓝牙接收机coded模式下的高灵敏度接收方法。Purpose of the invention: In order to solve the problem of poor sensitivity of the Bluetooth receiver in the 5.0 coded mode in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-sensitivity receiving method of the Bluetooth receiver in the coded mode.

技术方案:一种蓝牙接收机coded模式下的高灵敏度接收方法,包括以下步骤:Technical solution: a high-sensitivity receiving method in a coded mode of a Bluetooth receiver, comprising the following steps:

步骤一、对接收信号进行采样,通过差分运算的方式检测出帧头,获得采样点差分求和运算结果

Figure 636593DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Step 1. Sampling the received signal, detect the frame header by differential operation, and obtain the result of the differential summation operation of the sampling points
Figure 636593DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
;

步骤二、设总频偏估计值为

Figure 147209DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
,建立
Figure 723684DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
的组成:Step 2. Set the estimated total frequency offset to be
Figure 147209DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
,Establish
Figure 723684DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The composition of:

Figure 853314DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
(1)
Figure 853314DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
(1)

其中,

Figure 261161DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
,T为码元传输周期,j可能取值-1、0、+1;in,
Figure 261161DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
, T is the symbol transmission period, j may take the value -1, 0, +1;

步骤三、分别假设j取值为-1、0、+1,对接收信号进行频偏补偿,得到三种频偏补偿结果;构建本地训练序列

Figure 880361DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Figure 616236DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
,Ts为采样周期,
Figure 688839DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
表示发送信号;将本地训练序列分别与所述三种频偏补偿结果进行相关运算,取最大相关值对应的频偏补偿结果的j值,将j值带入式(1)中,得到总频偏估计值;Step 3: Assume that j is -1, 0, +1 respectively, perform frequency offset compensation on the received signal, and obtain three frequency offset compensation results; construct a local training sequence
Figure 880361DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
,
Figure 616236DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
, Ts is the sampling period,
Figure 688839DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Represents the transmitted signal; the local training sequence is respectively correlated with the three frequency offset compensation results, the j value of the frequency offset compensation result corresponding to the maximum correlation value is taken, and the j value is brought into the formula (1) to obtain the total frequency biased estimates;

步骤四、确定接入码的起始位置;Step 4: Determine the starting position of the access code;

步骤五、使用步骤三得到的总频偏估计值对接收信号进行频率补偿,对频率补偿后的信号进行误差检测得到残留频偏估计值,残留频偏估计值经过环路滤波器滤波后与总频偏估计值累加,更新总频偏估计值,利用更新后的总频偏估计值进行频率补偿,采用准相干解调法对频率补偿后的信号解调。Step 5: Use the estimated total frequency offset obtained instep 3 to perform frequency compensation on the received signal, and perform error detection on the frequency compensated signal to obtain an estimated residual frequency offset. The frequency offset estimates are accumulated, the total frequency offset estimates are updated, the updated total frequency offset estimates are used to perform frequency compensation, and the quasi-coherent demodulation method is used to demodulate the frequency compensated signal.

进一步地,步骤一中检测帧头的方法为:Further, the method for detecting the frame header instep 1 is:

令发送信号表示为

Figure 826560DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
,接收信号表示为
Figure 616661DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
,其中
Figure 230045DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
为加性高斯白噪声,
Figure 140626DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
为收发双方的频偏,设码元传输周期为T,每个码元传输周期的采样数为L,采样间隔为Ts=T/L,计算:Let the send signal be expressed as
Figure 826560DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
, the received signal is expressed as
Figure 616661DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
,in
Figure 230045DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
is additive white Gaussian noise,
Figure 140626DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
For the frequency offset of the sending and receiving parties, let the symbol transmission period be T, the sampling number of each symbol transmission period is L, and the sampling interval is Ts=T/L, calculate:

Figure 991907DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
(2)
Figure 991907DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
(2)

Figure 484068DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
(3)
Figure 484068DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
(3)

Figure 522431DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
表示相隔8T时间的两个样值进行差分运算的结果,
Figure 859872DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
为中间参数,
Figure 237764DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
表示参与差分运算的样值数,定义检测指标为
Figure 369668DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
Figure 522431DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
Represents the result of the difference operation between two samples separated by 8T time,
Figure 859872DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
is an intermediate parameter,
Figure 237764DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
Indicates the number of samples involved in the difference operation, and the detection index is defined as
Figure 369668DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
,

Figure 957644DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
(4)
Figure 957644DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
(4)

当检测指标超过门限

Figure 505300DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
时,认为接收信号中包含帧头信号,记录首次出现超门限的时刻
Figure 802945DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
。When the detection index exceeds the threshold
Figure 505300DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
When the received signal is considered to contain a frame header signal, the moment when the threshold first occurs is recorded.
Figure 802945DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
.

进一步地,步骤三中,根据假设计算频偏补偿结果的方法为:Further, instep 3, the method for calculating the frequency offset compensation result according to the assumption is:

分别假设j取值为+1、-1、0,构建K长度的序列

Figure 433646DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
,Assume that j is +1, -1, 0, respectively, to construct a sequence of length K
Figure 433646DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
,

Figure 181022DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
(5)
Figure 181022DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
(5)

其中,

Figure 797948DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
,in,
Figure 797948DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
,

分别用序列

Figure 947170DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
与接收信号进行如下运算:sequence
Figure 947170DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
Perform the following operations with the received signal:

Figure 483194DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
(6)
Figure 483194DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
(6)

Figure 655549DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
分别是假设频偏为
Figure 872904DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
Figure 204528DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
Figure 114715DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
后进行频偏补偿的结果。
Figure 655549DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
respectively assume that the frequency offset is
Figure 872904DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
,
Figure 204528DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
and
Figure 114715DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
Then the result of frequency offset compensation.

进一步地,步骤三中,所述相关运算中,分别令其相位为

Figure 508787DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
Figure 595079DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
和0,则对应元素的取值从集合
Figure 453314DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
中选择,而相位为其他取值的元素强制为零,
Figure 472086DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
的取值从
Figure 478088DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
中选取,然后进行如下相关运算:Further, instep 3, in the described correlation operation, let its phase be respectively
Figure 508787DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
,
Figure 595079DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
and 0, the value of the corresponding element is from the set
Figure 453314DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
, while elements whose phases are other values are forced to zero,
Figure 472086DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
value from
Figure 478088DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
Select from , and then perform the following related operations:

Figure 302824DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
(7)
Figure 302824DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
(7)

Figure 218828DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
范围内搜索式(7)中的最大相关值,
Figure 205238DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
分别为设定的下限和上限,出现最大相关值对应的频偏补偿值就是正确的频偏估计值。exist
Figure 218828DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
The maximum correlation value in Eq. (7) is searched in the range,
Figure 205238DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
are the set lower limit and upper limit respectively, and the frequency offset compensation value corresponding to the maximum correlation value is the correct frequency offset estimation value.

进一步地,步骤四根据帧头的大致位置,采用基于接入码的抗干扰高精度信号同步方法确定接入码的位置,完成信号同步捕获。Further, instep 4, according to the approximate position of the frame header, the access code-based anti-interference high-precision signal synchronization method is used to determine the position of the access code, and the signal synchronization acquisition is completed.

进一步地,步骤五,通过误差检测获取残留频偏估计值的方法为:Further, in step 5, the method for obtaining the residual frequency offset estimated value through error detection is:

设调制后的蓝牙信号的相位表示为

Figure 964116DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
接收信号的相位表示为
Figure 326964DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
,残留频偏为
Figure 97474DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
,残留频偏估计值为
Figure 317103DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
,Let the phase of the modulated Bluetooth signal be expressed as
Figure 964116DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
, the phase of the received signal is expressed as
Figure 326964DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
, the residual frequency offset is
Figure 97474DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
, the residual frequency offset estimate is
Figure 317103DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
,

Figure 173063DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
(8)
Figure 173063DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
(8)

其中,

Figure 330813DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
为传输的第n个码元,其取值为+1或-1;h为调制指数,其取值为0.5;
Figure 814884DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
为码元周期长度的矩形脉冲通过高斯滤波器的响应,满足
Figure 346360DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
;in,
Figure 330813DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
is thenth symbol of transmission, and its value is +1 or -1;h is the modulation index, and its value is 0.5;
Figure 814884DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
is the response of a rectangular pulse of symbol period length passing through a Gaussian filter, satisfying
Figure 346360DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
;

NT表示积分时间长度,由式(9)计算出NT的值,NT represents the integration time length, and the value of NT is calculated by formula (9),

Figure 548671DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
(9)
Figure 548671DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
(9)

忽略噪声的影响,则有:Neglecting the effect of noise, we have:

Figure 784480DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
(10)
Figure 784480DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
(10)

根据式(9)和(10)可估算得到:According to equations (9) and (10), it can be estimated that:

Figure 264003DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
(11)
Figure 264003DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
(11)

计算出残留频偏估计值

Figure 28697DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
即为误差检测的结果。Calculate the residual frequency offset estimate
Figure 28697DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
It is the result of error detection.

进一步地,若接收信号的采样为过采样,则计算公式(11)时用求和代替。Further, if the sampling of the received signal is oversampling, the summation is used instead when calculating formula (11).

进一步地,所述环路滤波器采用一阶或二阶环路滤波器。Further, the loop filter adopts a first-order or second-order loop filter.

进一步地,步骤五中,采用基于判决的1比特差分解调法,或者采用基于laurent分解的准相干解调法对频率补偿后的信号解调。Further, in step 5, a decision-based 1-bit differential demodulation method or a quasi-coherent demodulation method based on Laurent decomposition is used to demodulate the frequency-compensated signal.

一种蓝牙接收机,包括处理器、存储器及存储在存储器中并可被处理器执行的软件程序,当处理器执行该软件程序时可实现如上述的蓝牙接收机coded模式下的高灵敏度接收方法。A bluetooth receiver, comprising a processor, a memory and a software program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, when the processor executes the software program, the high-sensitivity receiving method in the coded mode of the bluetooth receiver as described above can be realized .

有益效果:本发明提供一种蓝牙接收机coded模式下的高灵敏度接收方法,相比较现有技术,可以在大频偏、低信噪比的场景下实现信号的同步捕获,即使信噪比低至0dB,也可以获得正确的频偏估计值和抽样位置估计值,在可以正确估计频偏值的条件下,大幅度降低运算复杂度。并且在捕获到信号后,基于信号发送的伪随机特性提出了一种频偏跟踪环路进行残留频偏的跟踪,可以随时跟踪信号频率,以尽量降低频偏对蓝牙GMSK信号解调的影响,为信号的解调奠定基础,从而使得接收机可以采用准相干解调来提高GMSK信号的解调性能。Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a high-sensitivity receiving method in the coded mode of a Bluetooth receiver. Compared with the prior art, the synchronous capture of signals can be achieved in the scenario of large frequency offset and low signal-to-noise ratio, even if the signal-to-noise ratio is low. To 0dB, the correct frequency offset estimation value and sampling position estimation value can also be obtained. Under the condition that the frequency offset value can be correctly estimated, the computational complexity is greatly reduced. And after capturing the signal, based on the pseudo-random characteristics of signal transmission, a frequency offset tracking loop is proposed to track the residual frequency offset, which can track the signal frequency at any time, so as to minimize the influence of frequency offset on the demodulation of Bluetooth GMSK signal. It lays the foundation for the demodulation of the signal, so that the receiver can use quasi-coherent demodulation to improve the demodulation performance of the GMSK signal.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为定时同步受信噪比影响的性能图;Figure 1 is a performance diagram of timing synchronization affected by signal-to-noise ratio;

图2为信噪比为0dB的定时偏差情况;Figure 2 shows the timing deviation with a signal-to-noise ratio of 0dB;

图3为频偏估计受信噪比影响的性能图;Figure 3 is a performance diagram of the frequency offset estimation affected by the signal-to-noise ratio;

图4为本发明方法的流程示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步解释说明。The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

一种蓝牙接收机,包括处理器、存储器及存储在存储器中并可被处理器执行的软件程序,当处理器执行该软件程序时可实现下述蓝牙接收机coded模式下的高灵敏度接收方法。A Bluetooth receiver includes a processor, a memory and a software program stored in the memory and executable by the processor. When the processor executes the software program, the following high-sensitivity receiving method in the coded mode of the Bluetooth receiver can be implemented.

蓝牙接收机coded模式下的高灵敏度接收方法,如图4,包括以下步骤:The high-sensitivity receiving method in the coded mode of the Bluetooth receiver, as shown in Figure 4, includes the following steps:

步骤一、对接收信号进行采样,由于帧头部分是由10段重复的“00111100”符号序列组成的,因此可以利用帧头部分的规律重复性进行信号检测,使得接收机检测到接收信号中帧头部分的信息。在检测帧头的过程中,可以获得采样点差分求和运算结果

Figure 718304DEST_PATH_IMAGE049
Step 1. Sampling the received signal. Since the frame header part is composed of 10 repeated "00111100" symbol sequences, the regular repetition of the frame header part can be used for signal detection, so that the receiver can detect the frame in the received signal. header information. In the process of detecting the frame header, the result of the difference summation operation of the sampling points can be obtained
Figure 718304DEST_PATH_IMAGE049
;

通过差分运算的方式检测帧头的方法为:The method of detecting the frame header by differential operation is as follows:

令发送信号表示为

Figure 164329DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
,符号周期为
Figure 826254DEST_PATH_IMAGE051
,则
Figure 558587DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
。假设只受白噪声的影响,则接收信号表示为
Figure 876436DEST_PATH_IMAGE053
,其中
Figure 925819DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
为加性高斯白噪声,
Figure 770147DEST_PATH_IMAGE055
为收发双方的频偏。设码元传输周期为T,每个码元传输周期的采样数为L,采样间隔为Ts=T/L,计算:Let the send signal be expressed as
Figure 164329DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
, the symbol period is
Figure 826254DEST_PATH_IMAGE051
,but
Figure 558587DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
. Assuming that it is only affected by white noise, the received signal is expressed as
Figure 876436DEST_PATH_IMAGE053
,in
Figure 925819DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
is additive white Gaussian noise,
Figure 770147DEST_PATH_IMAGE055
is the frequency offset of the sender and receiver. Suppose the symbol transmission period is T, the number of samples per symbol transmission period is L, and the sampling interval is Ts=T/L, calculate:

Figure 876643DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
(1)
Figure 876643DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
(1)

Figure 416209DEST_PATH_IMAGE057
(2)
Figure 416209DEST_PATH_IMAGE057
(2)

其中

Figure 531933DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
表示对
Figure 965188DEST_PATH_IMAGE059
取共轭的结果,
Figure 180269DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
表示相隔8T时间的两个样值进行差分运算的结果,
Figure 269447DEST_PATH_IMAGE061
表示参与差分运算的样值数,
Figure 985600DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
为中间参数,定义检测指标为
Figure 476624DEST_PATH_IMAGE063
,in
Figure 531933DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
express right
Figure 965188DEST_PATH_IMAGE059
Take the conjugated result,
Figure 180269DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
Represents the result of the difference operation between two samples separated by 8T time,
Figure 269447DEST_PATH_IMAGE061
represents the number of samples involved in the difference operation,
Figure 985600DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
is an intermediate parameter, and the detection index is defined as
Figure 476624DEST_PATH_IMAGE063
,

Figure 597026DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
(3)
Figure 597026DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
(3)

当检测指标

Figure 504327DEST_PATH_IMAGE065
超过预先设定的门限
Figure 368378DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
时,认为接收信号中包含帧头信号。记录首次出现超门限的时刻
Figure 713909DEST_PATH_IMAGE067
。When detecting indicators
Figure 504327DEST_PATH_IMAGE065
exceeds a pre-set threshold
Figure 368378DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
, it is considered that the frame header signal is included in the received signal. Record the moment when the threshold is exceeded for the first time
Figure 713909DEST_PATH_IMAGE067
.

由于帧头部分的信号重复性,如果忽略噪声的影响,同时假设

Figure 395426DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
时刻为帧头部分第一个样值对应的时刻,即信号检测做到了位置完全准确,式(1)可以简化为Due to the signal repeatability in the frame header, if the influence of noise is ignored, it is assumed that
Figure 395426DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
The time is the time corresponding to the first sample value of the frame header, that is, the signal detection has achieved a completely accurate position. Equation (1) can be simplified as

Figure 396880DEST_PATH_IMAGE069
(4)
Figure 396880DEST_PATH_IMAGE069
(4)

本步骤在检测帧头的同时还获得了采样点差分求和的结果

Figure 392518DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
,用于下一步频偏估计。In this step, the result of the difference summation of sampling points is also obtained while detecting the frame header.
Figure 392518DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
, which is used for the next step frequency offset estimation.

步骤二、考虑相位模糊性,如果频偏

Figure 389292DEST_PATH_IMAGE071
,则其估计值
Figure 382656DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
,T为码元传输周期,否则
Figure 730461DEST_PATH_IMAGE073
。令
Figure 264210DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
Figure 256437DEST_PATH_IMAGE075
则:Step 2. Consider the phase ambiguity, if the frequency offset
Figure 389292DEST_PATH_IMAGE071
, then its estimated value
Figure 382656DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
, T is the symbol transmission period, otherwise
Figure 730461DEST_PATH_IMAGE073
. make
Figure 264210DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
,
Figure 256437DEST_PATH_IMAGE075
but:

Figure 545336DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
(5)
Figure 545336DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
(5)

其中,

Figure 990224DEST_PATH_IMAGE077
Figure 330594DEST_PATH_IMAGE078
,考虑到协议中有关最大频偏的规定,j可能的取值为-1、0或+1。接下来就需要估计出j的取值。in,
Figure 990224DEST_PATH_IMAGE077
,
Figure 330594DEST_PATH_IMAGE078
, taking into account the stipulation on the maximum frequency offset in the protocol, the possible value of j is -1, 0 or +1. Next, we need to estimate the value of j.

步骤三、分别假设j取值为+1、0、-1,构建K长度的序列

Figure 833120DEST_PATH_IMAGE079
Step 3. Assume that j is +1, 0, -1, respectively, to construct a sequence of K length
Figure 833120DEST_PATH_IMAGE079
,

Figure 637128DEST_PATH_IMAGE080
(6)
Figure 637128DEST_PATH_IMAGE080
(6)

其中,

Figure 162787DEST_PATH_IMAGE081
。显然,以上序列分别假设频偏为
Figure 100656DEST_PATH_IMAGE082
Figure 67475DEST_PATH_IMAGE083
Figure 370280DEST_PATH_IMAGE084
。in,
Figure 162787DEST_PATH_IMAGE081
. Obviously, the above sequences respectively assume that the frequency offset is
Figure 100656DEST_PATH_IMAGE082
,
Figure 67475DEST_PATH_IMAGE083
and
Figure 370280DEST_PATH_IMAGE084
.

然后分别用以上序列

Figure 445552DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
与接收信号进行如下运算:Then use the above sequence
Figure 445552DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
Perform the following operations with the received signal:

Figure 796899DEST_PATH_IMAGE085
(7)
Figure 796899DEST_PATH_IMAGE085
(7)

Figure 946121DEST_PATH_IMAGE086
分别是假设频偏为
Figure 482144DEST_PATH_IMAGE087
Figure 654500DEST_PATH_IMAGE088
Figure 495741DEST_PATH_IMAGE089
后进行频偏补偿的结果。
Figure 946121DEST_PATH_IMAGE086
respectively assume that the frequency offset is
Figure 482144DEST_PATH_IMAGE087
,
Figure 654500DEST_PATH_IMAGE088
and
Figure 495741DEST_PATH_IMAGE089
Then the result of frequency offset compensation.

获得三种频偏补偿的结果后,构建本地训练序列

Figure 765048DEST_PATH_IMAGE090
Figure 81760DEST_PATH_IMAGE091
,Ts为采样周期,
Figure 866045DEST_PATH_IMAGE092
表示发送信号;将本地训练序列分别与所述三种频偏补偿结果进行相关运算,取最大相关值对应的频偏补偿结果的j值,将j值带入式(5)中,得到总频偏估计值;After obtaining the results of three frequency offset compensations, construct a local training sequence
Figure 765048DEST_PATH_IMAGE090
,
Figure 81760DEST_PATH_IMAGE091
, Ts is the sampling period,
Figure 866045DEST_PATH_IMAGE092
Represents the transmitted signal; the local training sequence is respectively correlated with the three frequency offset compensation results, and the j value of the frequency offset compensation result corresponding to the maximum correlation value is taken, and the j value is brought into the formula (5) to obtain the total frequency biased estimates;

由于蓝牙的发送信号采用GMSK恒包络调制方式,因此由式(7)构建的序列是一个复值序列,在进行相关运算会带来较大的复杂度。为此,可以只取序列中相位接近

Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE093
Figure 355932DEST_PATH_IMAGE094
和0的元素,分别令其相位为
Figure 542063DEST_PATH_IMAGE093
Figure 623151DEST_PATH_IMAGE094
和0,则对应元素的取值从集合
Figure 504520DEST_PATH_IMAGE095
中选择,而相位为其他取值的元素强制为零。至此,
Figure 125994DEST_PATH_IMAGE096
的取值从
Figure 776418DEST_PATH_IMAGE097
中选取。然后进行如下相关运算:Since the bluetooth transmit signal adopts GMSK constant envelope modulation, the sequence constructed by formula (7) is a complex-valued sequence, which will bring greater complexity in the correlation operation. To this end, you can only take the phase in the sequence close to the
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE093
,
Figure 355932DEST_PATH_IMAGE094
and elements of 0, respectively, let their phases be
Figure 542063DEST_PATH_IMAGE093
,
Figure 623151DEST_PATH_IMAGE094
and 0, the value of the corresponding element is from the set
Figure 504520DEST_PATH_IMAGE095
, while elements whose phases are other values are forced to zero. So far,
Figure 125994DEST_PATH_IMAGE096
value from
Figure 776418DEST_PATH_IMAGE097
selected from. Then perform the following related operations:

Figure 28408DEST_PATH_IMAGE098
(8)
Figure 28408DEST_PATH_IMAGE098
(8)

虽然在步骤一中通过检测的方式大致找到了帧头的位置

Figure 790215DEST_PATH_IMAGE099
,但并不是确切的位置,因此需要在一定的范围内进行如下的相关运算,例如限定一个范围
Figure 825167DEST_PATH_IMAGE100
,在该范围内搜索式(8)中的最大相关值,
Figure 657994DEST_PATH_IMAGE101
分别为设定的下限和上限,出现最大相关值对应的频偏补偿值就是正确的频偏估计值。例如在本实施例中,
Figure 877623DEST_PATH_IMAGE102
中出现了最大相关值,则总频偏估计值为
Figure 999162DEST_PATH_IMAGE103
。同时记录出现相关峰值的位置为
Figure 493598DEST_PATH_IMAGE104
。Although the position of the frame header is roughly found by detection instep 1
Figure 790215DEST_PATH_IMAGE099
, but not the exact position, so the following correlation operations need to be performed within a certain range, such as limiting a range
Figure 825167DEST_PATH_IMAGE100
, search for the maximum correlation value in Eq. (8) within this range,
Figure 657994DEST_PATH_IMAGE101
are the set lower limit and upper limit respectively, and the frequency offset compensation value corresponding to the maximum correlation value is the correct frequency offset estimation value. For example, in this embodiment,
Figure 877623DEST_PATH_IMAGE102
The maximum correlation value appears in , then the estimated total frequency offset is
Figure 999162DEST_PATH_IMAGE103
. At the same time, the location of the correlation peak is recorded as
Figure 493598DEST_PATH_IMAGE104
.

步骤四、通过步骤三已经获得正确的估计值

Figure 384193DEST_PATH_IMAGE105
,接下来需要获取正确的信号抽样位置,在总频偏估计值的确定环境已经获得了大致的位置
Figure 977986DEST_PATH_IMAGE106
,还需进一步搜索更精确的位置。由于蓝牙通信协议在帧头之后发送接入码,因为接入码对于收发双方都是预知的,而且接入码具有较好的随机性。因此可以基于本申请人另一篇专利号为2020111383050的专利《蓝牙接收机中基于接入码的抗干扰高精度信号同步方法》,利用接入码实现精确的接入码起止位置的搜索,实现信号的同步捕获,从而为后面的信号解调做好充分的准备。Step 4. The correct estimate has been obtained throughStep 3
Figure 384193DEST_PATH_IMAGE105
, then it is necessary to obtain the correct signal sampling position, and the approximate position has been obtained in the determination environment of the total frequency offset estimate
Figure 977986DEST_PATH_IMAGE106
, further search for a more precise location is required. Since the Bluetooth communication protocol sends the access code after the frame header, the access code is pre-known to both the sender and the receiver, and the access code has good randomness. Therefore, based on the applicant's other patent No. 2020111383050, "Anti-jamming and high-precision signal synchronization method based on access code in Bluetooth receiver", the access code can be used to realize the search for the precise starting and ending positions of the access code. Synchronous capture of the signal, so as to be fully prepared for the subsequent signal demodulation.

如图1显示了利用本方法进行信号同步捕获时各种信噪比条件下定时同步的性能。即使信噪比低至0dB时,错误同步(漏同步和假同步)的概率也只有3%。图2显示了过抽样因子L为8的情况下定时偏差的分布情况。信噪比为0dB时,绝大多数的定时偏差都控制在两个样值内。图3显示了各种信噪比条件下的频偏估计性能,坐标轴的纵轴显示的是相对于符号速率归一化后的均方根误差。由此可见,频偏估计的均方根误差基本控制在2kHz以内。Figure 1 shows the performance of timing synchronization under various signal-to-noise ratio conditions when the method is used for signal synchronization acquisition. Even when the signal-to-noise ratio is as low as 0dB, the probability of false synchronization (missing and false synchronization) is only 3%. Figure 2 shows the distribution of timing bias with an oversampling factorL of 8. When the signal-to-noise ratio is 0dB, most of the timing deviation is controlled within two samples. Figure 3 shows the frequency offset estimation performance under various signal-to-noise ratio conditions, and the vertical axis of the coordinate axis shows the RMS error normalized to the symbol rate. It can be seen that the root mean square error of frequency offset estimation is basically controlled within 2kHz .

步骤五、从以上步骤,已经实现了信号的同步捕获,但是从蓝牙协议来看,蓝牙信号在发送过程中最大频率漂移率可达

Figure 180297DEST_PATH_IMAGE107
。因此,还需要接续对频偏进行跟踪,以尽量降低频偏对蓝牙GMSK信号解调的影响。为此,提供了频偏跟踪环的跟踪方法。Step 5. From the above steps, the synchronous capture of the signal has been achieved, but from the perspective of the Bluetooth protocol, the maximum frequency drift rate of the Bluetooth signal during the transmission process can reach
Figure 180297DEST_PATH_IMAGE107
. Therefore, it is also necessary to continuously track the frequency offset to minimize the influence of the frequency offset on the demodulation of the Bluetooth GMSK signal. To this end, a tracking method of frequency offset tracking loop is provided.

使用步骤三得到的总频偏估计值对接收信号进行频率补偿,经过频偏补偿后的接收信号中还存在一定的残留频偏,对频率补偿后的信号进行误差检测得到残留频偏估计值

Figure 88210DEST_PATH_IMAGE108
,残留频偏估计值
Figure 692367DEST_PATH_IMAGE109
经过环路滤波器获得较为准确的残留频偏估计值
Figure 129164DEST_PATH_IMAGE110
。Use the total frequency offset estimate obtained instep 3 to perform frequency compensation on the received signal. There is still a certain residual frequency offset in the received signal after frequency offset compensation. Error detection is performed on the frequency compensated signal to obtain the residual frequency offset estimate.
Figure 88210DEST_PATH_IMAGE108
, the residual frequency offset estimate
Figure 692367DEST_PATH_IMAGE109
Obtain a more accurate residual frequency offset estimate through the loop filter
Figure 129164DEST_PATH_IMAGE110
.

具体的获取

Figure 24964DEST_PATH_IMAGE109
的方法为:设调制后的蓝牙信号的相位表示为
Figure 533305DEST_PATH_IMAGE111
,接收信号的相位为
Figure 585444DEST_PATH_IMAGE112
,残留频偏为
Figure 521039DEST_PATH_IMAGE113
,残留频偏估计值为
Figure 838888DEST_PATH_IMAGE114
specific acquisition
Figure 24964DEST_PATH_IMAGE109
The method is: set the phase of the modulated Bluetooth signal as
Figure 533305DEST_PATH_IMAGE111
, the phase of the received signal is
Figure 585444DEST_PATH_IMAGE112
, the residual frequency offset is
Figure 521039DEST_PATH_IMAGE113
, the residual frequency offset estimate is
Figure 838888DEST_PATH_IMAGE114

Figure 885341DEST_PATH_IMAGE115
(9)
Figure 885341DEST_PATH_IMAGE115
(9)

其中,

Figure 729669DEST_PATH_IMAGE116
为传输的第n个码元,其取值为+1或-1;h为调制指数,其取值为0.5;
Figure 836166DEST_PATH_IMAGE117
为码元周期长度的矩形脉冲通过高斯滤波器的响应,满足
Figure 641311DEST_PATH_IMAGE118
;in,
Figure 729669DEST_PATH_IMAGE116
is thenth symbol of transmission, and its value is +1 or -1;h is the modulation index, and its value is 0.5;
Figure 836166DEST_PATH_IMAGE117
is the response of a rectangular pulse of symbol period length passing through a Gaussian filter, satisfying
Figure 641311DEST_PATH_IMAGE118
;

由于

Figure 494385DEST_PATH_IMAGE116
为随机的+1、-1序列,因此我们基于蓝牙信号发送的伪随机特性,可以认为在一段时间内对
Figure 193219DEST_PATH_IMAGE119
积分的结果
Figure 142721DEST_PATH_IMAGE120
,设NT表示积分时间长度,由式(10)计算出NT的值,because
Figure 494385DEST_PATH_IMAGE116
It is arandom +1, -1 sequence, so based on the pseudo-random characteristics of Bluetooth signal transmission, it can be considered that the
Figure 193219DEST_PATH_IMAGE119
result of points
Figure 142721DEST_PATH_IMAGE120
, let NT represent the length of integration time, and the value of NT is calculated by equation (10),

Figure 231899DEST_PATH_IMAGE121
(10)
Figure 231899DEST_PATH_IMAGE121
(10)

接收端由于存在频偏,忽略噪声的影响,则有:Due to the existence of frequency offset at the receiving end, ignoring the influence of noise, there are:

Figure 948051DEST_PATH_IMAGE122
(11)
Figure 948051DEST_PATH_IMAGE122
(11)

因此相应的积分结果

Figure 439076DEST_PATH_IMAGE123
,其中
Figure 559478DEST_PATH_IMAGE124
表示残留频偏,也即跟踪阶段的跟踪误差。So the corresponding integral result
Figure 439076DEST_PATH_IMAGE123
,in
Figure 559478DEST_PATH_IMAGE124
Indicates the residual frequency offset, that is, the tracking error in the tracking phase.

进一步计算出残留频偏估计值

Figure 463849DEST_PATH_IMAGE125
,Further calculate the residual frequency offset estimate
Figure 463849DEST_PATH_IMAGE125
,

Figure 655796DEST_PATH_IMAGE126
(12)。
Figure 655796DEST_PATH_IMAGE126
(12).

若接收信号的采样为过采样,则计算公式(12)时可以用求和代替。If the sampling of the received signal is oversampling, the summation can be used instead when calculating formula (12).

将误差检测出的残留频偏估计值

Figure 939010DEST_PATH_IMAGE125
送入环路滤波器,尽量消除噪声的影响,获得更加准确的估计值
Figure 620527DEST_PATH_IMAGE127
。环路滤波器可以采用一阶或二阶环路滤波器。Estimated residual frequency offset from error detection
Figure 939010DEST_PATH_IMAGE125
It is sent to the loop filter to eliminate the influence of noise as much as possible to obtain a more accurate estimate.
Figure 620527DEST_PATH_IMAGE127
. The loop filter can be a first-order or second-order loop filter.

将残留频偏估计值

Figure 356402DEST_PATH_IMAGE110
与前一时刻的频偏估计值
Figure 77672DEST_PATH_IMAGE128
累加,获得当前时刻的频偏估计值
Figure 340026DEST_PATH_IMAGE129
,利用更新后的
Figure 333389DEST_PATH_IMAGE129
进行频率补偿,经过频偏补偿后可以进行解调,关于GMSK信号的解调可以采用基于判决的1比特差分解调法,或者采用基于laurent分解的准相干解调法等。The residual frequency offset estimate is
Figure 356402DEST_PATH_IMAGE110
Estimated frequency offset from the previous moment
Figure 77672DEST_PATH_IMAGE128
Accumulate to obtain the estimated frequency offset at the current moment
Figure 340026DEST_PATH_IMAGE129
, using the updated
Figure 333389DEST_PATH_IMAGE129
Frequency compensation is performed, and demodulation can be performed after frequency offset compensation. For the demodulation of GMSK signals, a decision-based 1-bit differential demodulation method or a quasi-coherent demodulation method based on Laurent decomposition can be used.

Claims (9)

1. A high-sensitivity receiving method under a coded mode of a Bluetooth receiver is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, sampling a received signal, detecting a frame header in a differential operation mode, and obtaining a differential summation operation result of a sampling point
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Setting the total frequency deviation estimated value as
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Establishing
Figure 195522DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The composition of (A):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
(1)
wherein,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
t is the symbol transmission period, j may take the values-1, 0, + 1;
step three, respectively assuming that j takes the values of-1, 0 and +1, and performing frequency offset compensation on the received signal to obtain three frequency offset compensation results; construction of local training sequences
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
And Ts is the sampling period,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
represents a transmitted signal; performing correlation operation on the local training sequence and the three frequency offset compensation results respectively, taking a j value of the frequency offset compensation result corresponding to the maximum correlation value, and bringing the j value into the formula (1) to obtain a total frequency offset estimation value;
step four, determining the initial position of the access code;
fifthly, frequency compensation is carried out on the received signal by using the total frequency offset estimation value obtained in the third step, error detection is carried out on the signal after frequency compensation to obtain a residual frequency offset estimation value, the residual frequency offset estimation value is accumulated with the total frequency offset estimation value after being filtered by a loop filter to update the total frequency offset estimation value, frequency compensation is carried out by using the updated total frequency offset estimation value, the signal after frequency compensation is demodulated by adopting a quasi-coherent demodulation method,
the method for obtaining the residual frequency offset estimation value by carrying out error detection on the frequency compensated signal comprises the following steps:
let the phase of the modulated Bluetooth signal be represented as
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
The phase of the received signal is represented as
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
Residual frequency deviation of
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
The residual frequency offset estimation value is
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
(8)
Wherein,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
is the first of transmissionnA code element, which takes the value of +1 or-1;his a modulation index, and the value of the modulation index is 0.5;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
the response of a rectangular pulse with the length of a code element period through a Gaussian filter is satisfied
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
NT represents the integration time length, the value of NT is calculated from equation (9),
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
(9)
neglecting the effect of noise, there are:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
(10)
estimated from equations (9) and (10):
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
(11)
calculating a residual frequency offset estimation value
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
I.e. the result of the error detection.
2. The method for receiving with high sensitivity in coded mode of bluetooth receiver according to claim 1, wherein the method for detecting the frame header in the first step comprises:
order transmissionThe signal is represented as
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
The received signal is represented as
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
Wherein
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
Is an additive white gaussian noise, and is,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
for frequency offset of both sides of the transceiver, setting the transmission period of the code element as T, the sampling number of each code element transmission period as L, and the sampling interval as Ts = T/L, calculating:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
(2)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
(3)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
representing the result of a difference operation between two samples separated by a time of 8T,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
as an intermediate parameter, the parameter is,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
representing the number of samples participating in the difference operation, and defining the detection index as
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
(4)
When the detection index exceeds the threshold
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
When the received signal contains frame head signal, recording the first time exceeding threshold
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
3. The method for receiving high sensitivity data in coded mode of bluetooth receiver according to claim 2, wherein in step three, the method for calculating the frequency offset compensation result according to the hypothesis is:
respectively assuming that j takes the values of +1, -1 and 0, constructing a sequence with the length of K
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
(5)
Wherein,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
respectively using the sequences
Figure 507072DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
And the following operation is carried out with the received signal:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
(6)
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
respectively, a hypothetical frequency offsetIs composed of
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
And
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
and then performing frequency offset compensation.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step three, the correlation operations are performed by setting the phases to be
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
And 0, the values of the corresponding elements are selected from the set
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
While the elements with the phase at the other values are forced to be zero,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
is taken from
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
Then the following correlation operations are carried out:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
(7)
in that
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
Searching for the maximum correlation value in equation (7) within the range,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
the frequency offset compensation value corresponding to the maximum correlation value is the correct frequency offset estimation value.
5. The method for receiving with high sensitivity in coded mode of bluetooth receiver according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, in the fourth step, according to the approximate position of the frame header, the position of the access code is determined by using the anti-interference high precision signal synchronization method based on the access code, so as to complete the signal synchronization acquisition.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein if the samples of the received signal are oversampled, then formula (11) is calculated by summing instead.
7. The method for receiving with high sensitivity in coded mode of a bluetooth receiver according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the loop filter is a first or second order loop filter.
8. The high-sensitivity receiving method in coded mode of bluetooth receiver according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in step five, the signal after frequency compensation is demodulated by using decision-based 1-bit differential demodulation or by using quasi-coherent demodulation based on source decomposition.
9. A bluetooth receiver comprising a processor, a memory and a software program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, the software program when executed by the processor being operable to implement a method of high sensitivity reception in coded mode of the bluetooth receiver as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
CN202111042215.6A2021-09-072021-09-07High-sensitivity receiving method in coded mode of Bluetooth receiverActiveCN113497775B (en)

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