CN113357985A - Blasting engineering spherical air interval explosive loading device and interval explosive loading method - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种爆破工程球状空气间隔装药器及间隔装药方法，球状空气间隔装药器，包括爪型束缚装置、提拉卡扣、束缚带、高强度弹性气体球、吊绳、拉绳。高强度弹性气体球安放在爪型束缚装置内，球体在爪型束缚装置外力作用下变形为椭球体，使整个间隔装药器径向最大尺寸小于炮孔直径，爪型束缚装置的每个爪尖设有一个限位孔，束缚带穿在限位孔中，束缚带的两端与提拉卡扣相连，提拉卡扣开关处与束缚装置顶部具有环状吊耳，提拉卡扣开关吊耳连接拉绳，束缚装置吊耳连接吊绳。使用时，通过吊绳将间隔器送入炮孔指定位置，提拉拉绳，将提拉卡扣打开，使高强度弹性气体球由椭球体恢复为圆球体卡在炮孔内，形成空气间隔段。

The invention relates to a spherical air spacer for blasting engineering and a method for spacer charging. The spherical air spacer includes a claw-type restraint device, a lifting buckle, a restraint belt, a high-strength elastic gas ball, a sling, a pull rope. The high-strength elastic gas ball is placed in the claw-type restraint device, and the sphere is deformed into an ellipsoid under the action of the external force of the claw-type restraint device, so that the maximum radial dimension of the entire spacer is smaller than the diameter of the blast hole, and each claw tip of the claw-type restraint device is There is a limit hole, the restraint belt is passed through the limit hole, the two ends of the restraint belt are connected with the lifting buckle, the lifting buckle switch and the top of the restraint device have annular lifting ears, and the lifting buckle switch hangs The lugs are connected to the pull rope, and the lifting lugs of the restraint device are connected to the suspension rope. When in use, the spacer is sent to the designated position of the gun hole through the sling, and the pull rope is pulled to open the pull buckle, so that the high-strength elastic gas ball is restored from an ellipsoid to a round sphere and stuck in the gun hole to form an air gap. part.

Description

Blasting engineering spherical air interval explosive loading device and interval explosive loading method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of engineering blasting, in particular to a spherical air interval explosive loading device and an interval explosive loading method for blasting engineering.

Background

The deep hole blasting technology plays an important role in large earth and rockfill excavation engineering, and is widely applied to roadbed excavation, mine exploitation and water conservancy construction operation. Compared with the traditional continuous charging technology, the spaced charging technology can effectively reduce the unit consumption of explosive and the blasting vibration, and can reduce the initial impact pressure peak value of the inner wall of the blast hole, avoid excessive crushing of ore rocks, improve the energy utilization rate, and achieve the purposes of improving the blasting effect and reducing the blasting cost. The air spacer in the current market has high unit price and low utilization rate, and the air spacer is generally replaced by rock powder, bamboo tubes, PVC pipes and other materials in mines in China, so that the blasting effect is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an air interval explosive loading device and an interval explosive loading method which are low in cost, simple and convenient to operate and high in reliability.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a spherical air space medicine loader comprises a claw-shaped binding device, a lifting buckle, a binding belt, a high-strength elastic gas ball, a lifting rope and a pull rope.

The claw type constraint device is made of rigid materials, the top of the constraint device is a fixed disk with lifting lugs, the fixed disk protrudes outwards for one section at intervals of 90 degrees, the protruding section is provided with a groove and a shaft hole, the fixed disk is hinged with four constraint claws through rotating shafts, limit holes are formed in the tips of the constraint claws, and anti-slip pads are arranged on the inner sides of the constraint claws to prevent gas balls from slipping off.

The lifting buckle comprises a plug and a locking bolt, wherein one end of the plug is provided with a rectangular hole groove, the interior of the plug is divided into a hole position and a part installation space through a partition plate with a square hole in the middle, a rotatable lock head is arranged in the part installation space, two ends of the lock head are respectively fixed on the inner wall through a rotating shaft and a spring, and a lifting switch is arranged at the spring fixing end of the rotatable lock head; one end of the lock catch bolt is provided with a rectangular hole groove, and the other end of the lock catch bolt is provided with a lock catch. When the lifting lock is used, the lock catch bolt is inserted into the hole position, the lifting switch is put down, the spring fixed end of the lock head clamps the lock catch, and the lifting buckle is locked at the moment; the lifting switch is lifted, the spring fixed end of the lock head is retracted, and the lifting buckle is opened.

The binding belt is a non-elastic flexible belt, the binding belt penetrates through the limiting hole of the binding claw, and two ends of the binding belt are connected with the plug rectangular hole groove and the lock catch bolt rectangular hole groove of the lifting buckle.

The original state of the high-strength elastic gas ball is spherical, the diameter of the gas ball is larger than the diameter of a blast hole, the gas ball is deformed into an ellipsoid under the action of external force of the binding device, the radial maximum size of the whole spacer is smaller than the diameter of the blast hole, and the outer wall of the gas ball is made of an anti-skid material to avoid the gas ball from sliding off from the binding device or the inner wall of the blast hole to influence the spacing effect.

The lifting rope is connected with the claw-shaped binding device lifting lug and is marked with scales, so that the lowering depth of the spacer is conveniently mastered, and the spacer can accurately reach a designated position.

The pull rope is connected with a switch of the lifting buckle, the pull rope is lifted, the lifting buckle is opened, the external force of the claw-shaped binding device disappears, and the high-strength sealed elastic gas ball is restored to be a sphere from an ellipsoid and is clamped in the blast hole, so that air space is realized.

Correspondingly, the invention also provides a spaced charging method, which adopts the spherical air spaced charging device and comprises the following steps:

1) adjusting the length of a binding belt according to the bore diameter of a blast hole to ensure that the outer diameter of the locked claw-shaped binding device is smaller than the inner diameter of the blast hole, opening a lifting buckle, expanding four claws of the claw-shaped binding device, putting a high-strength elastic gas ball into the claw-shaped binding device, inserting a locking bolt into a hole position, and putting down a lifting switch;

2) filling a first section of explosive and a detonating device;

3) sending the spacer into the specified position of the blast hole through a lifting rope;

4) pulling the pull rope, opening the pull buckle, and enabling the high-strength elastic gas ball to be restored from the ellipsoid into a sphere and clamped in the blast hole;

5) lifting a lifting rope and a pull rope, recovering a claw-shaped binding device, a lifting buckle and a binding belt;

6) carrying out subsequent charging and filling work;

7) repeating the steps 1-6 to complete the explosive-separating and charging operation of the whole explosion area;

8) connecting the blasting network to prepare for blasting.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the main body of the invention adopts the gas ball to block the interval, has good tightness, can well avoid medicine exposure and has good interval effect.

2. The principle of the invention is mainly realized by utilizing the self deformation of the balloon body, and compared with the method of generating gas by mixing medicaments or inflating external equipment, the method is simpler, more convenient and cheaper, and has higher reliability.

3. The lifting rope is marked with scales, so that a constructor can easily master the lowering depth when lifting the spacer, and the placing position of the spacer is more accurate.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the binding apparatus of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a top view of the restraint device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an open state of the lifting buckle according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a top view of the closed state of the lift buckle of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the practice of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: a claw-type restraint device 1; 1-1 of a lifting lug; fixing a disc 1-2; shaft holes 1-3; 1-4 of a rotating shaft; 1-5 of an anti-skid pad; 1-6 of binding claws; 1-7 of a limiting hole; 1-8 of a convex section groove; lifting thebuckle 2; 2-1 of a plug; 2-1-1 of a rectangular hole groove; a spring 2-1-2; a pull switch 2-1-3; 2-1-4 of a rotating shaft; 2-1-5 of a rotatable lock head; 2-2 of a lock catch bolt; 2-2-1 rectangular hole grooves; 2-2-2 of a lock catch; abinding band 3; a high-strengthelastic gas ball 4; alifting rope 5; apull rope 6; ablast hole 7; anexplosive section 8; adetonation device 9; anair section 10.

Detailed Description

The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in figure 1, the invention comprises a claw-shapedbinding device 1, alifting buckle 2, abinding belt 3, a high-strengthelastic gas ball 4, alifting rope 5 and apull rope 6.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the claw-shapedbinding device 1 is made of rigid materials, the top of the binding device is a fixed disk 1-2 with lifting lugs 1-1, the fixed disk 1-2 protrudes outwards at intervals of 90 degrees, the protruding section is provided with a groove 1-8 and a shaft hole 1-3, the fixed disk 1-2 is hinged with four binding claws 1-6 through rotating shafts 1-4, limiting holes 1-7 are formed in the tips of the binding claws, and anti-slip pads 1-5 are arranged on the inner sides of the binding claws 1-6 to prevent thegas balls 4 from slipping down.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, thelifting buckle 2 comprises a plug 2-1 and a locking bolt 2-2, one end of the plug 2-1 is provided with a rectangular hole groove 2-1-1, the interior of the plug 2-1 is divided into a hole site and a part installation space by a partition plate with a square hole in the middle, a rotatable lock head 2-1-5 is arranged in the part installation space, two ends of the lock head 2-1-5 are respectively fixed on the inner wall through a rotating shaft 2-1-4 and a spring 2-1-2, and a lifting switch 2-1-3 is arranged at the spring fixing end of the rotatable lock head 2-1-5; one end of the lock catch bolt 2-2 is provided with a rectangular hole groove 2-2-1, and the other end is provided with a lock catch 2-2-2. When the lifting lock is used, the lock catch bolt 2-2 is inserted into the hole position, the lifting switch 2-1-3 is put down, the spring fixed end of the lock head clamps the lock catch 2-2-2, and thelifting buckle 2 is locked; the lifting switch 2-1-3 is lifted, the spring fixing end of the lock head is retracted, and thelifting buckle 2 is opened.

As shown in figure 1, therestraining belt 3 is a non-elastic flexible belt, therestraining belt 3 penetrates through limiting holes 1-7 of the restraining claws 1-6, and two ends of therestraining belt 3 are connected with a plug rectangular hole groove 2-1-1 of thelifting buckle 2 and a lock catch bolt rectangular hole groove 2-2-1.

As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the high-strengthelastic gas ball 4 is in a spherical shape, the diameter of the gas ball is larger than the diameter of the blast hole, and the gas ball is deformed into an ellipsoid under the action of the external force of thebinding device 1, so that the radial maximum size of the whole spacer is smaller than the diameter of the blast hole, and the outer wall of thegas ball 4 is made of an anti-skid material to prevent the gas ball from sliding off the inner wall of thebinding device 1 or theblast hole 7, thereby affecting the spacing effect.

As shown in fig. 1 and 6, thelifting rope 5 is connected with the claw-shaped binding device lifting lug 1-1, and thelifting rope 5 is marked with scales, so that the lowering depth of the spacer can be conveniently controlled, and the spacer can accurately reach a designated position.

As shown in fig. 1 and 6, thepull rope 6 is connected with a switch 2-1-3 of the lifting buckle, thepull rope 6 is lifted, thelifting buckle 2 is opened, the external force of the claw-shapedbinding device 1 disappears, and the high-strengthelastic gas ball 4 is restored from an ellipsoid to a sphere and is clamped in theblast hole 7, so that air separation is realized.

Correspondingly, the invention also provides a spaced charging method, which adopts the spherical air spaced charging device and comprises the following steps:

1) adjusting the length of thebinding belt 3 according to the aperture size of theblast hole 7 to ensure that the outer diameter of the locked claw-shapedbinding device 1 is smaller than the inner diameter of theblast hole 7, opening thelifting buckle 2, expanding four claws 1-6 of the claw-shaped binding device, placing a high-strengthelastic gas ball 4 into the claw-shapedbinding device 1, inserting the locking bolt 2-2 into the hole position, and putting down the lifting switch 2-1-3;

2) filling a first section of explosive 8 and a detonatingdevice 9;

3) sending the high-strengthelastic gas ball 4 to the specified position of theblast hole 7 through thelifting rope 5;

4) pulling thepull rope 6, and opening thepull buckle 2 to restore the high-strengthelastic gas ball 4 from an ellipsoid to a sphere which is clamped in theblast hole 7;

5) liftingropes 5 and pullropes 6, a recovery clawtype binding device 1, alifting buckle 2 and abinding belt 3;

6) carrying out subsequent charging and filling work;

7) repeating the steps 1-6 to complete the explosive-separating and charging operation of the whole explosion area;

8) connecting the blasting network to prepare for blasting.

The foregoing is only a basic idea of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a spherical air charge spacer of blasting engineering which characterized in that: comprises a claw-shaped binding device, a lifting buckle, a binding belt, an elastic gas ball, a lifting rope and a pull rope;

the claw-shaped binding device is made of rigid materials, the top of the binding device is a fixed disk with lifting lugs, the fixed disk protrudes outwards for one section at intervals of 90 degrees, the protruding section is provided with a groove and a shaft hole, the fixed disk is hinged with the four binding claws through rotating shafts, limiting holes are formed in the tips of the binding claws, and anti-slip pads are arranged on the inner sides of the binding claws to prevent gas balls from sliding down;

the lifting buckle comprises a plug and a locking bolt, wherein one end of the plug is provided with a rectangular hole groove, the interior of the plug is divided into a hole position and a part installation space through a partition plate with a square hole in the middle, a rotatable lock head is arranged in the part installation space, two ends of the lock head are respectively fixed on the inner wall through a rotating shaft and a spring, and a lifting switch is arranged at the spring fixing end of the rotatable lock head; one end of the lock catch bolt is provided with a rectangular hole groove, and the other end of the lock catch bolt is provided with a lock catch; when the lifting lock is used, the lock catch bolt is inserted into the hole position, the lifting switch is put down, the spring fixed end of the lock head clamps the lock catch, and the lifting buckle is locked at the moment; the lifting switch is lifted, the spring fixed end of the lock head is retracted, and the lifting buckle is opened.

2. A spherical air-charge spacer for blasting engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that the binding strip is a non-elastic flexible strip, the binding strip is inserted into the limiting hole of the binding claw, and both ends of the binding strip are connected with the plug rectangular hole groove and the locking bolt rectangular hole groove of the lifting buckle.

3. A spherical air-charging spacer for blasting engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that said elastic gas ball is spherical in shape, the diameter of the gas ball is larger than the diameter of the blast hole, and the elastic gas ball is deformed into an ellipsoid under the action of the external force of the binding device, so that the maximum radial dimension of the entire spacer is smaller than the diameter of the blast hole, and the outer wall of the gas ball is made of anti-slip material to prevent the gas ball from slipping off the binding device or the inner wall of the blast hole, thereby affecting the spacing effect.

4. A spherical air-charge spacer for blasting operations according to claim 1, wherein said lifting rope is connected to a claw-shaped binding means lifting lug, and the lifting rope is graduated to facilitate grasping of the depth of lowering of the spacer, so that the spacer can be accurately brought to a designated position.

5. A spherical air charge spacer for blasting engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that the pull cord is connected with a switch of a lifting buckle, the pull cord is lifted, the lifting buckle is opened, the external force of the claw-shaped binding device disappears, and the sealed elastic gas ball is restored from an ellipsoid body to a sphere body and is clamped in the blast hole to realize air separation.

6. A method of using an engineered spherical air-charged spacer according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:

1) adjusting the length of a binding belt according to the bore diameter of a blast hole to ensure that the outer diameter of the locked claw-shaped binding device is smaller than the inner diameter of the blast hole, opening a lifting buckle, expanding four claws of the claw-shaped binding device, putting an elastic gas ball into the claw-shaped binding device, inserting a locking bolt into the bore position, and putting down a lifting switch;

2) filling a first section of explosive and a detonating device;

3) sending the spacer into the specified position of the blast hole through a lifting rope;

4) pulling the pull rope, opening the pull buckle, and enabling the elastic gas ball to be restored from the ellipsoid into a sphere which is clamped in the blast hole;

5) lifting a lifting rope and a pull rope, recovering a claw-shaped binding device, a lifting buckle and a binding belt;

6) carrying out subsequent charging and filling work;

7) repeating the steps 1) to 6) to finish the explosive-separating and charging operation of the whole explosion area;

8) connecting the blasting network to prepare for blasting.

Images