CN113304788A - Microfluidic device and method for simply and rapidly distinguishing cold infection types - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开了一种简易快速区分感冒感染类型的微流控装置及方法，具体涉及体外诊断的分子检测技术和免疫检测技术领域，包括外壳，所述外壳内部设有基板，所述基板内部开设有样本腔、两个液路通孔、腔体一和腔体二，所述液路通孔设在样本腔一侧，所述液路通孔、样本腔和滤网组成样本过滤装置，所述腔体一和腔体二设在液路通孔一侧，所述腔体一和腔体二内部设有手动推杆。本发明采用微流控芯片技术和免疫诊断技术相结合进行疾病的体外诊断；通过样本过滤和预处理混匀样本与试剂，从而提高样本的纯度，进而提高检出率；通过弹性机构实现预处理混匀样本的半自动化，通过微流控结构和内循环系统实现试剂定量传输，提高准确度。

The invention discloses a microfluidic device and method for easily and quickly distinguishing the types of cold infections, and in particular relates to the field of molecular detection technology and immune detection technology for in vitro diagnosis. There is a sample cavity, two liquid path through holes, a cavity body 1 and a cavity body 2, the liquid path through hole is arranged on one side of the sample cavity, and the liquid path through hole, the sample cavity and the filter screen constitute a sample filter device, so The cavity 1 and cavity 2 are arranged on one side of the liquid passage through hole, and a manual push rod is arranged inside the cavity 1 and cavity 2. The invention adopts the combination of microfluidic chip technology and immunodiagnosis technology to carry out in vitro diagnosis of diseases; through sample filtration and pretreatment to mix samples and reagents, the purity of the sample is improved, thereby improving the detection rate; the pretreatment is realized through an elastic mechanism The semi-automation of mixing samples, the quantitative transfer of reagents is realized through the microfluidic structure and the internal circulation system, and the accuracy is improved.

Description

Microfluidic device and method for simply and rapidly distinguishing cold infection types

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of molecular detection and immunodetection of in-vitro diagnosis, in particular to a microfluidic device and a method for simply and quickly distinguishing cold infection types.

Background

Microfluidics is a technology for precisely controlling and controlling microscale fluids, and integrates basic operation units such as sample preparation, reaction, separation, detection and the like in biological, chemical and medical analysis processes on a smaller microfluidic chip to complete the whole analysis process. Immunochromatography is divided into longitudinal chromatography and lateral chromatography. The immune lateral chromatography diagnosis technology is suitable for various instant tests or field use as a stable and practical technology, and is mainly divided into a colloidal gold immune lateral chromatography method, a common fluorescence immune lateral chromatography method, a time-resolved fluorescence immune lateral chromatography method, an up-conversion luminescence immune lateral chromatography method, a quantum dot fluorescence immune lateral chromatography method and the like according to a marked part, and a nitrocellulose membrane, a composite material, a micro-fluidic method and the like according to a coated part. Immunochromatography was established in 1990 by Oskiowicz et al. The marker used by Oskiowicz is selenium, and then simple colloidal gold is generally adopted, which is called as a colloidal gold immunochromatographic method. With the development of immunochromatography and colloidal gold technology, particularly after the 90 s, colloidal gold immunochromatography has been widely used in vitro disease diagnosis and detection.

With the development of science and technology and the progress of technology, people have higher and higher requirements on the precision and repeatability of detection. The traditional immunochromatography method cannot meet the requirements of quantitative detection and accurate medical treatment. Particularly, in the prior art, a certain proportion of 'micro-aggregate markers' exist in the fluorescent (colloidal gold) markers, and particularly, when chromatography is performed from bottom to top, the number of markers is large, the base line is high, the area obtained by T-line integration is interfered, and further, the specificity, the sensitivity and the accuracy are interfered. The micro-fluidic chip for molecular diagnosis and immunodiagnosis detection at present is used for not high qualitative detection accuracy or needs external power source equipment, has a complex structure and higher cost, and the detection precision needs to be further improved

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the invention provides a micro-fluidic device and a method for simply and rapidly distinguishing the type of cold infection, which can be used for in-vitro diagnosis of diseases by combining molecular diagnosis and immunodiagnosis detection technologies; the sample can be pretreated, the purity of the sample is improved, and the detection rate is further improved; reagent quantitative transmission is realized through a micro-fluidic structure and an internal circulation system, and accuracy is improved, so that the problems of high cost and low accuracy caused by easy interference in detection in the prior art are solved.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: a micro-fluidic device and a method for simply and quickly distinguishing cold infection types comprise a shell, wherein a substrate is arranged in the shell, a sample cavity, two liquid path through holes, a first cavity and a second cavity are formed in the substrate, the liquid path through holes are formed in one side of the sample cavity, the first cavity and the second cavity are formed in one side of the liquid path through holes, the first cavity is communicated with the sample cavity through the liquid path through holes, a manual push rod is arranged in the first cavity and the second cavity, elastic mechanisms such as springs and the like can be arranged in the manual push rod, mixing is easily achieved, the manual push rod is arranged in the substrate and penetrates through the substrate to extend out of the rear side of the substrate, the first cavity and the second cavity are communicated with a plurality of first micro-fluidic channels, liquid dividing holes are formed in one side of each first micro-fluidic channel, micro-fluidic channels are communicated with the second cavity, and antigen-antibody combining areas, the antigen-antibody binding region, the micro-fluidic channel II, the liquid separation hole and the micro-fluidic channel I are all arranged on the substrate, the micro-fluidic channel II is arranged inside the substrate, the bottom plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom end inside the substrate, the sample pad is arranged on one side of the top of the substrate, the chromatographic membrane is arranged on one side of the sample pad, the water absorption pad is arranged on one side of the chromatographic membrane, and the chip body is arranged on the other side of the top of the substrate.

Furthermore, the sample cavity is used for containing body fluid samples such as sputum, urine, blood and the like, the first microfluidic channel and the second microfluidic channel are used for providing a path for liquid flow in the device, the first cavity forms a reagent cavity for storing reagents required by detection such as a nucleic acid extraction and purification reagent, and the second cavity is a liquid or solid mixing cavity for mixing liquid or solid liquid in the processes of nucleic acid extraction and purification and the like.

Furthermore, a test line and a quality control line corresponding to the object to be tested are arranged on the chromatographic membrane.

Further, an antibody marker of the analyte or an antigen marker of the analyte is fixed inside the sample cavity, the marker is colloidal gold or fluorescent nanoparticles, and the antibody marker of the analyte is a bulk of an antibody-marker conjugate of the analyte; the antigen marker of the substance to be detected is a block of an antigen-carrier protein marker conjugate of the substance to be detected; the test line is coated with an antibody of an object to be tested or an antigen-carrier protein conjugate of the object to be tested, and the quality control line is coated with a goat anti-rabbit IgG antibody or a goat anti-mouse IgG antibody.

Furthermore, a sealing film is arranged at the top of the sample cavity and is adhered to one side of the top of the substrate.

Furthermore, an observation window for data acquisition is arranged above the chromatographic membrane.

Further, be equipped with the filter screen between liquid way through-hole and the sample chamber, the filter screen is fixed to be established inside the base plate, liquid way through-hole, sample chamber and filter screen constitute sample filter equipment.

Furthermore, the number of the first microfluidic channel, the second microfluidic channel and the antigen or antibody reagent is set to be 1-99, so that one sample can detect multiple indexes for judging the infection type of the cold, and the infection type of the cold can be judged.

Furthermore, the chip body is printed with a two-dimensional code, and after detection, information of each index and representative meaning and suggestion of each index can be seen through scanning the code by a mobile phone.

The invention also comprises a method for rapidly distinguishing cold types by using the micro-fluidic device, which comprises the following specific steps:

tearing a sealing film, adding a sample into a sample cavity containing sample treatment liquid, and then adhering the sealing film, wherein the sample adding position can be communicated with air, or the device is provided with a structure such as a cover, a card box, a rubber plug, sealing grease and the like to realize non-communication sealing with the outside air, or an external structure such as a sealing adhesive tape, a rubber plug, a cover and the like to realize non-communication sealing with the outside air;

pulling the manual push rod outwards, compressing the inner space of the first cavity to drive the sample cavity to generate positive pressure, increasing the inner space of the second cavity to generate negative pressure, filtering the liquid in the sample cavity through the filter screen, then flowing into the second cavity through the liquid path through hole, forming internal circulation of the liquid in the sample cavity, the first cavity and the second cavity, so that the sample can be filtered, and fully mixing and releasing nucleic acid can be obtained simultaneously;

and step three, the fully-mixed nucleic acid respectively enters the four liquid separation holes through the first microfluidic channel, samples of the four liquid separation holes respectively enter the antigen-antibody binding area through the second microfluidic channel, after reaction, the positions of the positive scale marks and the negative scale marks can change in color, and the color changes can be displayed through the test lines and the quality control lines, so that the types of colds can be rapidly distinguished, the channels can be subjected to hydrophobic or hydrophilic treatment on plastic micron-sized channels made of various materials through injection molding technology or other processing modes such as electrochemical processing, and fluid flows along the channels through gravity or capillary action or self-driving force or external driving force.

The invention has the following advantages:

the invention carries out in-vitro diagnosis of diseases by combining molecular diagnosis and immunodiagnosis detection technologies; the sample can be pretreated, the purity of the sample is improved, and the detection rate is further improved; reagent quantitative transmission is realized through the micro-fluidic structure and the internal circulation system, so that the accuracy is improved; the result is displayed by adopting an immunochromatography method, so that a user can conveniently observe the result; and the closed structure is adopted, so that aerosol pollution can be avoided. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, realization of pretreatment of reagents, realization of relatively accurate reagent quantification, visual display of detection results and capability of judging the detection results without professional medical personnel.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.

The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view provided by the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an internal perspective view provided by the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view provided by the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a rear view provided by the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view provided by the present invention;

fig. 7 is a side view provided by the present invention.

In the figure: 1 sealing film, 2 manual push rods, 3 sample cavities, 4 chip bodies, 5 shells, 6 filter screens, 7 liquid path through holes, 8 microfluidic channel I, 9 liquid separation holes, 10 microfluidic channel II, 11 test lines, 12 quality control lines, 13 cavity I, 14 cavity II, 15 bottom plates, 16 sample pads, 17 chromatographic films, 18 water absorption pads, 19 substrates, 20 antigen-antibody binding regions and 21 observation windows.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to the attached drawings 1-7 of the specification, the micro-fluidic device and the method for simply and quickly distinguishing the type of the cold infection comprise ashell 5, asubstrate 19 is arranged inside theshell 5, asample cavity 3, two liquid path throughholes 7, afirst cavity 13 and asecond cavity 14 are arranged inside thesubstrate 19, the liquid path throughholes 7, thesample cavity 3 and a filter screen 6 form a sample filtering device, the liquid path throughholes 7 are arranged on one side of thesample cavity 3, the filter screen 6 is arranged between the liquid path throughholes 7 and thesample cavity 3, the filter screen 6 is fixedly arranged inside thesubstrate 19, so that impurities in a sample can be filtered by the filter screen 6, thefirst cavity 13 and thesecond cavity 14 are arranged on one side of the liquid path throughholes 7, thefirst cavity 13 is communicated with thesample cavity 3 through the liquid path throughholes 7, amanual push rod 2 is arranged inside thefirst cavity 13 and thesecond cavity 14, and an elastic mechanism such as a spring can be arranged inside themanual push rod 2, so that uniform mixing can be easily realized, themanual push rod 2 is arranged inside thesubstrate 19 and penetrates through thesubstrate 19 to extend out of the rear side of thesubstrate 19, thefirst cavity 13 and thesecond cavity 14 are communicated with a plurality of firstmicrofluidic channels 8, liquid dividingholes 9 are formed in one sides of the firstmicrofluidic channels 8, the secondmicrofluidic channels 10 are communicated with one sides of the liquid dividingholes 9, antigen-antibody combination areas 20 are communicated with one sides of the secondmicrofluidic channels 10, the antigen-antibody combination areas 20, the secondmicrofluidic channels 10, the liquid dividingholes 9 and the firstmicrofluidic channels 8 are all arranged on thesubstrate 19, the secondmicrofluidic channels 10 are arranged inside thesubstrate 19, abottom plate 15 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end inside thesubstrate 19, asample pad 16 is arranged on one side of the top of thebottom plate 15, achromatographic membrane 17 is arranged on one side of thesample pad 16, awater absorption pad 18 is arranged on one side of thechromatographic membrane 17, and achip body 4 is arranged on the other side of the top of thebottom plate 15. Thechip body 4 is printed with a two-dimensional code, and after detection, information of each index and the representative meaning and suggestion of each index can be seen through code scanning of a mobile phone; the number of the firstmicrofluidic channel 8, the secondmicrofluidic channel 10 and the antigen or antibody reagent is set to be 1-99, so that one sample can detect multiple indexes for judging the infection type of the cold, and the infection type of the cold can be judged.

Thesample cavity 3 is used for containing body fluid samples such as sputum, urine and blood, the firstmicrofluidic channel 8 and the secondmicrofluidic channel 10 are used for providing a path for fluid flow in the device, thefirst cavity 13 forms a reagent cavity and is used for storing reagents required by detection, such as a nucleic acid extraction and purification reagent, and thesecond cavity 14 is a liquid or solid mixing cavity and is used for mixing liquid or solid liquid in processes such as nucleic acid extraction and purification.

Thechromatographic membrane 17 is provided with atest line 11 and aquality control line 12 corresponding to the object to be tested.

An antibody marker of the substance to be detected or an antigen marker of the substance to be detected is fixed in thesample cavity 3, the marker is colloidal gold or fluorescent nanoparticles, and the antibody marker of the substance to be detected is a block of an antibody-marker conjugate of the substance to be detected; the antigen marker of the substance to be detected is a block of an antigen-carrier protein marker conjugate of the substance to be detected; thetest line 11 is coated with an antibody of an object to be tested or an antigen-carrier protein conjugate of the object to be tested, and thequality control line 12 is coated with a goat anti-rabbit IgG antibody or a goat anti-mouse IgG antibody. To mark viruses or bacteria causing colds, so that statistical counting can be facilitated for quantitative analysis.

The top of thesample cavity 3 is provided with asealing film 1, and thesealing film 1 is adhered to one side of the top of thesubstrate 19. The sealingfilm 1 can be used to seal the open top of thesample chamber 3, thereby preventing the influence of the substances in the external environment on the detection result.

The top ofchromatographic carrier 17 is equipped withobservation window 21 that is used for data acquisition, is convenient for gather the data that detect throughobservation window 21 to subsequent data arrangement and analysis work can be convenient for, in order to conveniently judge the reason of flu.

The invention also comprises a method for rapidly distinguishing cold types by using the micro-fluidic device, which comprises the following specific steps:

tearing asealing film 1, adding a sample into asample cavity 3 containing sample treatment liquid, then adhering thesealing film 1, wherein the sample adding position can be communicated with air, or the device is provided with a structure such as a cover, a card box, a rubber plug, sealing grease and the like to realize non-communication sealing with the outside air, or an external structure such as a sealing adhesive tape, a rubber plug, a cover and the like to realize non-communication sealing with the outside air;

pulling themanual push rod 2 outwards, compressing the inner space of thefirst cavity 13 to drive thesample cavity 3 to generate positive pressure, increasing the inner space of thesecond cavity 14 to generate negative pressure, so that the liquid in thesample cavity 3 is filtered by the filter screen 6 and then flows into thesecond cavity 14 through the liquid path throughhole 7, and the liquid forms internal circulation in thesample cavity 3, thefirst cavity 13 and thesecond cavity 14, so that the sample can be filtered, and meanwhile, the liquid is fully mixed and the nucleic acid is released, the liquid path throughholes 7 and the firstmicrofluidic channel 8 on the two sides of the piston in the cavity are communicated with thesample cavity 3 and the secondmicrofluidic channel 10, so that the internal circulation of the liquid and the gas is realized, self-driven power is provided for the flow of the liquid in the firstmicrofluidic channel 8 and the secondmicrofluidic channel 10, and the mixing and quantification of different liquids or the mixing and quantification of solid liquids can be realized;

and step three, the fully-mixed nucleic acid respectively enters fourliquid separation holes 9 through a firstmicrofluidic channel 8, samples of the fourliquid separation holes 9 respectively enter an antigen-antibody binding area 20 through a secondmicrofluidic channel 10, after reaction, the positions of positive scale marks and negative scale marks can change in color and are displayed through atest line 11 and aquality control line 12, so that the types of colds can be rapidly distinguished, the channels can be subjected to hydrophobic or hydrophilic treatment on micron-sized channels made of plastics made of various materials through injection molding technology or other processing modes such as electrochemical processing, and fluid flows along the channels through gravity or capillary action or self-driving force or external driving force.

By performing a one-day test in a cold clinic of a hospital, the body fluid of 5 persons who come from the clinic to treat cold is selected for detection, and the detection result is compared with the diagnosis result of a doctor, and the following data are obtained:

the indexes of SAA, PCT and CRP ofsample 1,sample 2 andsample 3 are out of the general range and the absolute value of lymphocytes is in the normal range, so that the three samples are judged to be colds caused by bacteria, while the indexes of SAA, PCT and CRP ofsample 4 andsample 5 are in the normal range, but the absolute value of lymphocytes is out of the normal range, so that the two samples are judged to be colds caused by viruses. And the detection results of the five samples are consistent with the detection result of a doctor, so that the accuracy of the detection result of the invention can be proved.

Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (10)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种简易快速区分感冒感染类型的微流控装置，包括外壳(5)，其特征在于：所述外壳(5)内部设有基板(19)，所述基板(19)内部开设有样本腔(3)、两个液路通孔(7)、腔体一(13)、和腔体二(14)，所述液路通孔(7)设在样本腔(3)一侧，所述腔体一(13)和腔体二(14)设在液路通孔(7)一侧，所述腔体一(13)与样本腔(3)通过液路通孔(7)相连通，所述腔体一(13)和腔体二(14)内部设有手动推杆(2)，所述手动推杆(2)内可设置弹簧等弹性机构从而轻松实现混匀，所述手动推杆(2)设在基板(19)内部并穿过基板(19)延伸出基板(19)后侧，所述腔体一(13)和腔体二(14)连通有多个微流控通道一(8)，所述微流控通道一(8)一侧设有分液孔(9)，所述分液孔(9)一侧连通有微流控通道二(10)，所述微流控通道二(10)一侧连通有抗原抗体结合区(20)，所述抗原抗体结合区(20)、微流控通道二(10)、分液孔(9)和微流控通道一(8)均开设在基板(19)上，其中所述微流控通道二(10)开设在基板(19)内部，所述基板(19)内部底端固定设有底板(15)，所述底板(15)顶部一侧设有样品垫(16)，所述样品垫(16)一侧设有层析膜(17)，所述层析膜(17)一侧设有吸水垫(18)，所述底板(15)顶部另一侧设有芯片本体(4)。1. A microfluidic device for easily and quickly distinguishing cold infection types, comprising a housing (5), characterized in that: the housing (5) is provided with a substrate (19) inside, and a sample is provided inside the substrate (19) A cavity (3), two liquid passage through holes (7), a cavity body (13), and a cavity body two (14), the liquid passage through holes (7) are provided on one side of the sample cavity (3), so The first cavity (13) and the second cavity (14) are arranged on one side of the liquid passage through hole (7), and the first cavity (13) is communicated with the sample cavity (3) through the liquid passage through hole (7). , a manual push rod (2) is provided inside the cavity one (13) and the cavity two (14), and an elastic mechanism such as a spring can be set in the manual push rod (2) to easily realize mixing, the manual push rod (2) The push rod (2) is arranged inside the base plate (19) and extends out of the back side of the base plate (19) through the base plate (19). Channel one (8), one side of the microfluidic channel (8) is provided with a liquid separation hole (9), and one side of the liquid separation hole (9) is connected with a second microfluidic channel (10). One side of the second microfluidic channel (10) is connected with an antigen-antibody binding region (20), the antigen-antibody binding region (20), the second microfluidic channel (10), the liquid separation hole (9) and the microfluidic channel One (8) is set on the base plate (19), wherein the second microfluidic channel (10) is set inside the base plate (19), and the bottom end of the base plate (19) is fixedly provided with a bottom plate (15), so A sample pad (16) is provided on one side of the top of the bottom plate (15), a chromatography membrane (17) is provided on one side of the sample pad (16), and a water absorption pad (18) is provided on one side of the chromatography membrane (17). ), a chip body (4) is provided on the other side of the top of the bottom plate (15).2.根据权利要求1所述的一种简易快速区分感冒感染类型的微流控装置，其特征在于：所述样本腔(3)用于盛放痰液、尿液、血液等体液样本，所述微流控通道一(8)和微流控通道二(10)用于装置内液体流动提供路径，所述腔体一(13)构成试剂腔，用于存放检测所需要的试剂如核酸提取纯化试剂，所述腔体二(14)液体或固体混合腔体，用于进行核酸提取纯化等过程进行液体混合或者固体液体混合。2. The microfluidic device for easily and quickly distinguishing types of cold infections according to claim 1, wherein the sample cavity (3) is used to hold body fluid samples such as sputum, urine, blood, etc. The first microfluidic channel (8) and the second microfluidic channel (10) are used to provide a path for liquid flow in the device, and the cavity one (13) constitutes a reagent chamber for storing reagents required for detection, such as nucleic acid extraction Purification reagents, the chamber two (14) liquid or solid mixing chambers are used to perform liquid mixing or solid-liquid mixing in processes such as nucleic acid extraction and purification.3.根据权利要求1所述的一种简易快速区分感冒感染类型的微流控装置，其特征在于：所述层析膜(17)上设有与待测物相对应的测试线(11)和质控线(12)。3. The microfluidic device for easily and quickly distinguishing the type of cold infection according to claim 1, wherein the chromatographic membrane (17) is provided with a test line (11) corresponding to the object to be tested. and quality control line (12).4.根据权利要求3所述的一种简易快速区分感冒感染类型的微流控装置，其特征在于：所述样本腔(3)内部固定有待测物的抗体标记物或待测物的抗原标记物，所述标记物为胶体金或荧光纳米颗粒，所述待测物的抗体标记物为待测物的抗体-标记物偶联物的块状物；所述待测物的抗原标记物为待测物的抗原-载体蛋白标记物偶联物的块状物；所述测试线(11)上包被有待测物的抗体或者待测物的抗原-载体蛋白偶联物，所述质控线(12)上包被有羊抗兔IgG抗体或羊抗鼠IgG抗体。4. The microfluidic device for easily and quickly distinguishing the type of cold infection according to claim 3, wherein the sample cavity (3) is fixed with an antibody marker of the object to be tested or an antigen of the object to be tested. A marker, the marker is colloidal gold or fluorescent nanoparticles, the antibody marker of the analyte is a block of the antibody-label conjugate of the analyte; the antigen marker of the analyte is the block of the antigen-carrier protein marker conjugate of the object to be tested; the test line (11) is coated with the antibody of the object to be tested or the antigen-carrier protein conjugate of the object to be tested, the The quality control line (12) is coated with goat anti-rabbit IgG antibody or goat anti-mouse IgG antibody.5.根据权利要求1所述的一种简易快速区分感冒感染类型的微流控装置，其特征在于：所述样本腔(3)顶部设有封口膜(1)，所述封口膜(1)粘贴在基板(19)顶部一侧。5. The microfluidic device for easily and quickly distinguishing the type of cold infection according to claim 1, characterized in that: a sealing film (1) is provided on the top of the sample cavity (3), and the sealing film (1) Paste it on the top side of the base plate (19).6.根据权利要求1所述的一种简易快速区分感冒感染类型的微流控装置，其特征在于：所述层析膜(17)的上方设有用于数据采集的观察窗(21)。6. The microfluidic device for easily and quickly distinguishing types of cold infections according to claim 1, wherein an observation window (21) for data collection is provided above the chromatography membrane (17).7.根据权利要求1所述的一种简易快速区分感冒感染类型的微流控装置，其特征在于：所述液路通孔(7)与样本腔(3)之间设有滤网(6)，所述滤网(6)固定设在基板(19)内部，所述液路通孔(7)、样本腔(3)和滤网(6)组成样本过滤装置。7. The microfluidic device for easily and quickly distinguishing the type of cold infection according to claim 1, wherein a filter screen (6) is provided between the liquid passage through hole (7) and the sample cavity (3). ), the filter screen (6) is fixed inside the substrate (19), and the liquid passage through hole (7), the sample cavity (3) and the filter screen (6) constitute a sample filter device.8.根据权利要求1所述的一种简易快速区分感冒感染类型的微流控装置，其特征在于：所述微流控通道一(8)、微流控通道二(10)和抗原或抗体试剂的数量均设置为1-99个，以实现一个样本检测多个判断感冒感染类型的指标，从而判断感冒的感染类型。8. The microfluidic device for easily and quickly distinguishing the type of cold infection according to claim 1, wherein the microfluidic channel one (8), the microfluidic channel two (10) and the antigen or antibody The number of reagents is set to 1-99, so that one sample can detect multiple indicators for judging the type of cold infection, so as to determine the type of cold infection.9.根据权利要求1所述的一种简易快速区分感冒感染类型的微流控装置，其特征在于：所述芯片本体(4)上印刷有二维码，检测后通过手机扫码可以看到各指标的信息及各指标代表含义及建议。9. The microfluidic device for easily and quickly distinguishing cold infection types according to claim 1, characterized in that: the chip body (4) is printed with a two-dimensional code, which can be seen by scanning the code with a mobile phone after detection. The information of each indicator and the meaning and suggestion of each indicator.10.根据权利要求1-9任意一项所述的一种简易快速区分感冒感染类型的微流控装置，其特征在于：还包括使用该微流控装置快速区分感冒类型的方法，具体步骤如下所示：10. The microfluidic device for easily and quickly distinguishing the type of cold infection according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the microfluidic device further comprises a method for quickly distinguishing the type of cold by using the microfluidic device, and the specific steps are as follows shown:步骤一、撕开封口膜(1)，将样本加入含有样本处理液的样本腔(3)内，然后粘上封口膜(1)，该样本加样位置可与空气接通，或者装置自带结构如盖子、卡盒、胶塞、密封脂等实现与外界空气不接通的封闭，或者外置结构如密封胶带、胶塞、盖子等实现与外界空气不接通的封闭；Step 1. Tear off the sealing film (1), add the sample into the sample cavity (3) containing the sample treatment solution, and then stick the sealing film (1). Structures such as lids, cassettes, rubber plugs, sealing grease, etc. can be closed to the outside air, or external structures such as sealing tapes, rubber plugs, lids, etc. can be closed to the outside air;步骤二、向外拉动手动推杆(2)，腔体一(13)内空间被压缩带动样本腔(3)内产生正压，腔体二(14)内空间增大从而产生负压，从而使样本腔(3)的液体经过滤网(6)过滤，然后通过液路通孔(7)流入腔体二(14)内，液体在样本腔(3)和腔体一(13)、腔体二(14)形成内循环，从而可以使样本可以过滤，同时得到充分混匀和核酸释放，通过腔体内活塞两侧的液路通孔(7)和微流控通道一(8)与样本腔(3)、微流控通道二(10)接通，实现液体与气体的内循环，为微流控通道一(8)和微流控通道二(10)内流体流动提供自驱动的动力，可实现不同液体混合及定量、或固体液体混合及定量；Step 2: Pull the manual push rod (2) outwards, the space in the cavity 1 (13) is compressed to generate a positive pressure in the sample cavity (3), and the space in the cavity 2 (14) increases to generate a negative pressure, thereby The liquid in the sample cavity (3) is filtered through the filter screen (6), and then flows into the cavity two (14) through the liquid passage through hole (7). The body two (14) forms an internal circulation, so that the sample can be filtered, and at the same time, the sample can be fully mixed and nucleic acid released. The cavity (3) and the second microfluidic channel (10) are connected to realize the internal circulation of liquid and gas, and provide self-driven power for the fluid flow in the first microfluidic channel (8) and the second microfluidic channel (10). , which can realize the mixing and quantification of different liquids, or the mixing and quantification of solid liquids;步骤三、充分混匀的核酸通过微流控通道一(8)分别进入四个分液孔(9)，四个分液孔(9)的样本经过微流控通道二(10)别进入抗原抗体结合区(20)，经过反应后，阳性刻度线和阴性刻度线位置会发生颜色变化，并通过测试线(11)和质控线(12)显示出来，从而能够快速区分感冒类型，该通道可通过注塑工艺或者电化学加工等其它加工方式，实现在各种材质的塑料上微米级通道，通道进行疏水或亲水处理，通过重力或者毛细作用或者自驱动力或者外驱动力使流体沿着通道流动。Step 3. The fully mixed nucleic acid enters the four dispensing holes (9) through the first microfluidic channel (8), respectively, and the samples in the four dispensing holes (9) enter the antigen through the second microfluidic channel (10). In the antibody binding area (20), after the reaction, the position of the positive scale line and the negative scale line will change in color, which will be displayed by the test line (11) and the quality control line (12), so that the type of cold can be quickly distinguished. This channel Through injection molding process or other processing methods such as electrochemical processing, micron-scale channels can be realized on plastics of various materials, and the channels can be treated with hydrophobic or hydrophilic, and the fluid can be driven along by gravity or capillary action or self-driving force or external driving force. channel flow.

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