Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is illustrative only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In the following detailed description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the disclosure. It may be evident, however, that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. The terms "comprises," "comprising," and the like, as used herein, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.
All terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art unless otherwise defined. It is noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with the context of this specification and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.
Where a convention analogous to "at least one of A, B and C, etc." is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B and C" would include but not be limited to systems that have a alone, B alone, C alone, a and B together, a and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, C together, etc.). Where a convention analogous to "A, B or at least one of C, etc." is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B or C" would include but not be limited to systems that have a alone, B alone, C alone, a and B together, a and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, C together, etc.).
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a processing method for a picture capable of accurately searching for a "stolen picture" and a server (first server) capable of applying the method. The method may include, for example, the following operations. At least one target picture and at least one retrieval condition for the at least one target picture are obtained. And transmitting the at least one target picture and the at least one retrieval condition to the first server, so that the first server can retrieve each picture in the at least one target picture to acquire and return a retrieval result which corresponds to each picture and meets the corresponding retrieval condition. And acquiring a retrieval result which is returned by the first server, corresponds to each picture and meets the corresponding retrieval condition. And outputting the retrieval result of the first picture in the at least one target picture to the first object for the first object to determine whether the suspected infringement event aiming at the first picture exists.
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates an exemplary system architecture to which embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied. It should be noted that fig. 1 is only an example of a system architecture to which the embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to help those skilled in the art understand the technical content of the present disclosure, and does not mean that the embodiments of the present disclosure may not be applied to other devices, systems, environments or scenarios.
As shown in fig. 1, thesystem architecture 100 according to this embodiment may includeterminal devices 101, 102, 103, anetwork 104, andservers 105, 106. Thenetwork 104 is used to provide a medium for communication links between theterminal devices 101, 102, 103 and theservers 105, 106.Network 104 may include various connection types, such as wired and/or wireless communication links, and so forth.
The user may use theterminal devices 101, 102, 103 to interact with theserver 105 via thenetwork 104 to receive or send messages or the like. Theterminal devices 101, 102, 103 may have installed thereon various communication client applications, such as a shopping-like application, a web browser application, a search-like application, an instant messaging tool, a mailbox client, and/or social platform software, etc. (by way of example only).
Theterminal devices 101, 102, 103 may be various electronic devices having a display screen and supporting web browsing, including but not limited to smart phones, tablet computers, laptop portable computers, desktop computers, and the like.
Theserver 105 may be a server providing various services, such as a background management server (for example only) providing support for websites browsed by users using theterminal devices 101, 102, 103. The background management server may analyze and perform other processing on the received data such as the user request, and feed back a processing result (e.g., a webpage, information, or data obtained or generated according to the user request) to the terminal device.Server 105 communicates withserver 106 overnetwork 104.
Server 106 may be a server that provides big data processing services.
It should be noted that the processing method for pictures provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may be generally executed by theserver 105. The processing method for pictures provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may also be performed by a server or a server cluster that is different from theserver 105 and is capable of communicating with theterminal devices 101, 102, 103 and/or theserver 105.
It should be noted that the retrieval method for pictures provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may be generally executed by theserver 106. The retrieval method for pictures provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may also be executed by a server or a server cluster different from theserver 106 and capable of communicating with theterminal devices 101, 102, 103 and/or theserver 106.
It should be understood that the number of terminal devices, networks, and servers in fig. 1 is merely illustrative. There may be any number of terminal devices, networks, and servers, as desired for implementation.
It should be noted that the disclosed embodiments can be applied to the right of copyright "stolen picture" in the field of intellectual property right of e-commerce, for example. However, the application scenarios of the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The following will explain the embodiments of the present disclosure in detail by taking the application scenario as an example.
At present, in order to achieve the purpose of profit, some merchants on e-commerce platforms can steal and use original icons of other people to be placed on covers of sold commodities so as to attract customers. Obviously, stealing the operation of profit by using the original icon without the authorization of the original belongs to the behavior of 'stealing pictures' and constitutes copyright infringement. The 'stealing picture' is taken as a 'disaster area' in copyright infringement, which is always widely regarded, and how to accurately find out the 'stealing picture' behavior becomes a problem to be solved urgently in the whole society.
It should be understood that the pirate graph refers to that the commodity picture (main/detail page) and the shop picture (shop front/shop activity picture) are completely similar to or slightly modified (e.g., tagged, watermarked, waistband, LOGO, etc.) with the rights holder's copyright picture (copyrighted original picture) are regarded as the pirate graph.
The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 2 schematically shows a flowchart of a processing method for pictures according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 2, the method may include operations S210 to S240, for example.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the main body of the operations S210 to S240 is a second server different from the first server.
In operation S210, at least one target picture and at least one retrieval condition for the at least one target picture are acquired.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the claimant may initiate a retrieval request to the second server (the right-maintaining server) using the client for the original graph having the ownership relationship with the client. In response to a retrieval request initiated by the obligee, the second server stores relevant information (such as a right number, a URL (uniform resource locator) and the like) of the original image provided by the obligee and corresponding retrieval conditions (such as a similarity threshold) in a table to be retrieved for use when the first server (a big data server) retrieves.
It should be noted that, in one embodiment, the target pictures and the retrieval conditions may be in a one-to-one correspondence, that is, one target picture corresponds to one retrieval condition. Alternatively, in another embodiment, one target picture may correspond to a plurality of retrieval conditions. Alternatively, in another embodiment, a plurality of target pictures may correspond to one retrieval condition. The present disclosure is not limited thereto.
Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the retrieval condition may be flexibly configured. For example, in one embodiment, the claimant may configure the retrieval conditions themselves when initiating the retrieval request, for example, may configure to require retrieval of a picture whose similarity to the provided target picture reaches a specified threshold. For example, in another embodiment, the rightful person may not configure the retrieval condition when initiating the retrieval request, but the first server (big data server) may retrieve based on the default retrieval condition provided by the second server.
In operation S220, at least one target picture and at least one retrieval condition are transferred to the first server, so that the first server can perform retrieval on each picture of the at least one target picture to obtain and return a retrieval result corresponding to each picture and satisfying the corresponding retrieval condition.
In an embodiment, the first server may sequentially read the relevant information of the target picture to be retrieved and the corresponding retrieval condition from the table to be retrieved on the second server side in real time or at regular time for retrieval.
In another embodiment, the second server may synchronize the table to be retrieved to the first server, for example, so that the first server can retrieve based thereon.
More specifically, for the target picture 1, the first server may first read the URL of the target picture 1, and then obtain the original image of the target picture 1 from an OSS (graphics object storage server) platform based on the read URL, and create a retrieval task according to the original image, and perform retrieval in an HDFS library set in advance.
For example, pictures with similarity value > a certain threshold, such as 0.8, can be screened from the HDFS library through a picture similarity comparison algorithm, and taken as a retrieval result. Specifically, for each retrieved picture, such as picture 1, the storage path URL1 of picture 1, and the related information of the product 1 (if picture 1 is a product main graph) or the store 1 (if picture 1 is a store picture), the store 2 associated with the product 1 or the merchant 1 associated with the store 1 may be recorded in the retrieval result table so as to be provided to the second server, and then provided to the corresponding retrieval request initiator (the rightful person) by the second server.
In the field of e-commerce intellectual property right maintenance, the HDFS may be used to store all or part of pictures (such as a product main picture, a store picture, etc.) appearing on the e-commerce platform and used for describing the product/store, information related to the product/item class corresponding to the product main picture, the store and the merchant, information related to the store and the merchant corresponding to the store picture, and the like.
Further, in one embodiment, in order to avoid missed detection and missed detection, the first server may periodically update a product main graph and associated information thereof (information about a product/item class, a shop and a merchant corresponding to the product main graph) newly added on the e-commerce platform into the HDFS.
In operation S230, a retrieval result corresponding to each picture and satisfying the corresponding retrieval condition returned by the first server is obtained.
In operation S240, a retrieval result of a first picture of the at least one target picture is output to the first object for the first object to determine whether there is a suspected infringement event for the first picture.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, when outputting the search result of the first picture of the at least one target picture to the first object, for example, if the detected picture is the main picture of the product/item class, the information of the corresponding store may be obtained from the information of the product/item class, and the complaint link information for the corresponding store may be written in the search information return table together and transmitted to the first object. Thus, if the first object considers that the picture has the behavior of "stealing pictures", the complaint can be directly performed through the link indicated by the complaint link information.
It should be noted that in one embodiment, the first object may be the rightist or the legal representative. In another embodiment, the first object may be the principal of the rightist or a principal of a legal representative.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, because the technical means of automatically searching the pictures submitted by the user according to the searching conditions is adopted, the technical problem that in the related technology, due to the fact that pictures spread on the network are various, individuals and companies are difficult to find out infringement evidences from the pictures, and then the infringement behaviors are difficult to hit is at least partially solved, and the technical effect of accurately searching the infringement evidences from massive pictures is achieved.
As an alternative embodiment, outputting the retrieval result of the first picture of the at least one target picture to the first object may include, for example, the following operations.
And determining at least one second object having ownership relation with the retrieval result of the first picture.
And outputting the retrieval result of the first picture to the first object according to the weight relationship between the retrieval result of the first picture and at least one second object.
It is noted that in the disclosed embodiment, the at least one second object may comprise a store or a merchant.
For example, in one embodiment, the retrieval result includes merchandise host 1, then the second object at this time may include the merchant that used merchandise host 1.
For another example, in another embodiment, the search result includes the store picture 1, and the second object at this time may include a store using the store picture 1.
In addition, when the retrieval result is output according to the right relationship, if the retrieval result includes pictures a to G, the pictures a, C, and G are main product pictures used by the related products of the merchant 1, and the pictures B and D are main product pictures used by the related products of the merchant 2, then the pictures a, C, and G may be output in association with the merchant 1, and the pictures B and D may be output in association with the merchant 2.
According to the method and the device for generating the complaint information table, the pictures in the retrieval result can be automatically split into the corresponding merchant names according to the ownership relation between the product main picture and the merchant and the ownership relation between the store picture and the store, so that different complaint lists can be generated for different merchants and stored in the complaint information table, and complaints can be initiated for a plurality of merchants in batches.
As an alternative embodiment, outputting the retrieval result of the first picture of the at least one target picture to the first object may include, for example, the following operations.
And determining a picture having a weight relationship with the first object in the at least one target picture as the first picture.
And outputting the retrieval result of the first picture to the first object.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, there may be many individuals/companies who make retrieval requests at the same time within a time period, and thus all pictures requested to be retrieved by the first object may be considered to have ownership relationship with them, and therefore all pictures requested to be retrieved by the object may be taken as the first picture, and the retrieval result of the first picture may be output to it.
Further, as an alternative embodiment, the method may further include the following operations, for example.
It is determined whether the ownership relationship between the first object and the first picture is authentic.
Specifically, the righter can upload qualification material such as proof of originality to the second server. In response to the qualification material uploaded by the righter, the second server may put the URL ownership information table of the original picture referred to therein and set the status of the piece of ownership information to 2. After the examination, if the qualification is determined to be valid, the state of the right information in the right information table is set to be 1, and the right person is informed that the examination is passed. And if the qualification is judged to be invalid, refusing, and setting the state of the ownership information in the ownership information table to be 0. It should be noted that, for rejected pictures, the authorized person can resubmit and require re-audit. After the qualification audit is passed, the obligee can initiate a retrieval request.
By the embodiment of the disclosure, the righter can complete full platform (first server) picture retrieval and accurately complain all infringing merchants by executing 3 simple operations (request for qualification audit, initiation of retrieval request and initiation of complaint request), is very convenient and fast, and can effectively protect own intellectual property rights.
Fig. 3 schematically shows a flowchart of a retrieval method for pictures according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in FIG. 3, the method may include operations S310-S330, for example.
In operation S310, at least one target picture and at least one retrieval condition for the at least one target picture are acquired.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the target picture, the retrieval condition, the configuration manner thereof, and the corresponding relationship between the target picture and the retrieval condition are the same as or similar to those in the foregoing embodiment, and are not repeated herein.
In an embodiment, the first server may sequentially read the relevant information of the target picture to be retrieved and the corresponding retrieval condition from the table to be retrieved on the second server side in real time or at regular time for retrieval.
In another embodiment, the second server may synchronize the table to be retrieved to the first server, for example, so that the first server can retrieve based thereon.
In operation S320, a search is performed for each picture of the at least one target picture to obtain a search result corresponding to each picture and satisfying a corresponding search condition.
Specifically, for the target picture 1, the first server may first read the URL of the target picture 1 from the table to be retrieved, then obtain the original image of the target picture 1 from the OSS platform based on the read URL, create a retrieval task, and perform retrieval in the HDFS library set in advance. For example, pictures with similarity value > a certain threshold, such as 0.8, can be screened from the HDFS library through a picture similarity comparison algorithm, and taken as a retrieval result.
Specifically, for each retrieved picture, such as picture 1, the storage path URL1 of picture 1, and the related information of the product 1 (if picture 1 is a product main graph) or the store 1 (if picture 1 is a store picture), the store 2 associated with the product 1 or the merchant 1 associated with the store 1 may be recorded in the retrieval result table so as to be provided to the second server, and then provided to the corresponding retrieval request initiator (the rightful person) by the second server.
In operation S330, a retrieval result is returned to the second server, so that the second server can output the retrieval result of the first picture of the at least one target picture to the first object for the first object to determine whether there is a suspected infringement event for the first picture.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, when outputting the search result of the first picture of the at least one target picture to the first object, for example, if the detected picture is the main picture of the product/item class, the information of the corresponding store may be obtained from the information of the product/item class, and the complaint link information for the corresponding store may be written in the search information return table together and transmitted to the first object. Thus, if the first object considers that the picture has the behavior of "stealing pictures", the complaint can be directly performed through the link indicated by the complaint link information.
It should be noted that in one embodiment, the first object may be the rightist or the legal representative. In another embodiment, the first object may be the principal of the rightist or a principal of a legal representative.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, because the technical means of automatically searching the pictures submitted by the user according to the searching conditions is adopted, the technical problem that in the related technology, due to the fact that pictures spread on the network are various, individuals and companies are difficult to find out infringement evidences from the pictures, and then the infringement behaviors are difficult to hit is at least partially solved, and the technical effect of accurately searching the infringement evidences from massive pictures is achieved.
As an alternative embodiment, retrieving for each picture may for example comprise the following operations. And searching the pictures with the similarity greater than or equal to a preset similarity threshold value with the current picture in the picture warehouse.
In one embodiment, in order to avoid missed detection and missed detection, the first server may periodically update a product main map newly added on the e-commerce platform and associated information thereof (information about a product/item class corresponding to the product main map, a shop and a merchant) into the HDFS.
Fig. 4 schematically shows a block diagram of a second server according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 4, thesecond server 400 includes a first obtainingmodule 410, a transmittingmodule 420, a second obtainingmodule 430, and anoutputting module 440.
Specifically, the first obtainingmodule 410 is configured to obtain at least one target picture and at least one search condition for the at least one target picture.
Thetransmission module 420 is configured to transmit the at least one target picture and the at least one search condition to the first server, so that the first server can perform search for each picture in the at least one target picture to obtain and return a search result corresponding to each picture and satisfying the corresponding search condition.
The second obtainingmodule 430 is configured to obtain a retrieval result that corresponds to each picture and meets the corresponding retrieval condition and is returned by the first server.
Anoutput module 440, configured to output, to the first object, a retrieval result of a first picture of the at least one target picture, so that the first object determines whether there is a suspected infringement event for the first picture.
Fig. 5 schematically shows a block diagram of a first server according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
As shown in fig. 5, thefirst server 500 includes anacquisition module 510, aretrieval module 520, and anoutput module 530.
Specifically, the obtainingmodule 510 is configured to obtain at least one target picture and at least one retrieval condition for the at least one target picture.
The retrievingmodule 520 is configured to perform a retrieval on each picture of the at least one target picture to obtain a retrieval result corresponding to each picture and satisfying a corresponding retrieval condition.
Anoutput module 530, configured to return the search result to the second server, so that the second server can output the search result of the first picture in the at least one target picture to the first object, for the first object to determine whether there is a suspected infringement event for the first picture.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus portion embodiments correspond to or are similar to the method portion embodiments of the present disclosure, and for the description of the apparatus portion embodiments, reference is specifically made to the description of the method portion embodiments, which is not repeated herein.
Any of the modules according to embodiments of the present disclosure, or at least part of the functionality of any of them, may be implemented in one module. Any one or more of the modules according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by being split into a plurality of modules. Any one or more of the modules according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented at least in part as a hardware circuit, such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a Programmable Logic Array (PLA), a system on a chip, a system on a substrate, a system on a package, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or may be implemented in any other reasonable manner of hardware or firmware by integrating or packaging the circuit, or in any one of three implementations, or in any suitable combination of any of the software, hardware, and firmware. Alternatively, one or more of the modules according to embodiments of the disclosure may be implemented at least partly as computer program modules which, when executed, may perform corresponding functions.
For example, any plurality of the first obtainingmodule 410, thetransmission module 420, the second obtainingmodule 430 and theoutput module 440 may be combined and implemented in one module/unit/sub-unit, or any one of the modules/units/sub-units may be split into a plurality of modules/units/sub-units. Alternatively, at least part of the functionality of one or more of these modules/units/sub-units may be combined with at least part of the functionality of other modules/units/sub-units and implemented in one module/unit/sub-unit. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one of the first obtainingmodule 410, the transmittingmodule 420, the second obtainingmodule 430, and theoutput module 440 may be implemented at least partially as a hardware circuit, such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a Programmable Logic Array (PLA), a system on a chip, a system on a substrate, a system on a package, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or may be implemented in hardware or firmware by any other reasonable manner of integrating or packaging a circuit, or may be implemented in any one of three implementations of software, hardware, and firmware, or in a suitable combination of any of them. Alternatively, at least one of the first obtainingmodule 410, the transmittingmodule 420, the second obtainingmodule 430 and theoutput module 440 may be at least partially implemented as a computer program module, which when executed, may perform a corresponding function.
Fig. 6 schematically shows a block diagram of an electronic device adapted to implement the above described method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The electronic device shown in fig. 6 is only an example, and should not bring any limitation to the functions and the scope of use of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 6, anelectronic device 600 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes aprocessor 601, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM)602 or a program loaded from astorage section 608 into a Random Access Memory (RAM) 603.Processor 601 may include, for example, a general purpose microprocessor (e.g., a CPU), an instruction set processor and/or associated chipset, and/or a special purpose microprocessor (e.g., an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC)), among others. Theprocessor 601 may also include onboard memory for caching purposes.Processor 601 may include a single processing unit or multiple processing units for performing different actions of a method flow according to embodiments of the disclosure.
In theRAM 603, various programs and data necessary for the operation of thesystem 600 are stored. Theprocessor 601, theROM 602, and theRAM 603 are connected to each other via abus 604. Theprocessor 601 performs various operations of the method flows according to the embodiments of the present disclosure by executing programs in theROM 602 and/orRAM 603. It is to be noted that the programs may also be stored in one or more memories other than theROM 602 andRAM 603. Theprocessor 601 may also perform various operations of the method flows according to embodiments of the present disclosure by executing programs stored in the one or more memories.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure,system 600 may also include an input/output (I/O)interface 605, input/output (I/O)interface 605 also connected tobus 604. Thesystem 600 may also include one or more of the following components connected to the I/O interface 605: aninput portion 606 including a keyboard, a mouse, and the like; anoutput portion 607 including a display such as a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), and the like, and a speaker; astorage section 608 including a hard disk and the like; and acommunication section 609 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, or the like. Thecommunication section 609 performs communication processing via a network such as the internet. Thedriver 610 is also connected to the I/O interface 605 as needed. Aremovable medium 611 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, or the like is mounted on thedrive 610 as necessary, so that a computer program read out therefrom is mounted in thestorage section 608 as necessary.
According to embodiments of the present disclosure, method flows according to embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure include a computer program product comprising a computer program embodied on a computer readable storage medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the method illustrated by the flow chart. In such an embodiment, the computer program may be downloaded and installed from a network through thecommunication section 609, and/or installed from theremovable medium 611. The computer program, when executed by theprocessor 601, performs the above-described functions defined in the system of the embodiments of the present disclosure. The systems, devices, apparatuses, modules, units, etc. described above may be implemented by computer program modules according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
The present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be contained in the apparatus/device/system described in the above embodiments; or may exist separately and not be assembled into the device/apparatus/system. The computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs which, when executed, implement the method according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the computer-readable storage medium may be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. Examples may include, but are not limited to: a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the present disclosure, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
For example, according to embodiments of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may include theROM 602 and/orRAM 603 described above and/or one or more memories other than theROM 602 andRAM 603.
The flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various combinations and/or combinations of features recited in the various embodiments and/or claims of the present disclosure can be made, even if such combinations or combinations are not expressly recited in the present disclosure. In particular, various combinations and/or combinations of the features recited in the various embodiments and/or claims of the present disclosure may be made without departing from the spirit or teaching of the present disclosure. All such combinations and/or associations are within the scope of the present disclosure.
The embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above. However, these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Although the embodiments are described separately above, this does not mean that the measures in the embodiments cannot be used in advantageous combination. The scope of the disclosure is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof. Various alternatives and modifications can be devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, and such alternatives and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.